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Journal articles on the topic 'Mexico – Social conditions – 18th century'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 28 July 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Aguirre, Rodolfo. "The Indians and Major Studies in New Spain: Monarchical Politics, Debates, and Results." Social Sciences 10, no. 4 (2021): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci10040115.

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This article studies some stages and debates about the access of New Spain’s Indians to major studies: The discussion about their mental capacity in the 16th century, the impulse of Carlos II to the indigenous nobility in the 17th century, or the reticence in the Royal University of Mexico and the Church to their acceptance in the 18th century. It also analyzes the responses given by the Crown to the interest of the Indians elites in superior studies, degrees and public positions, protected by their rights as free vassals of the kingdom and as nobles, comparable to the Spanish nobility. Despit

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2

Slack, Jr., Edward. "Sinifying New Spain: Cathay's Influence on Colonial Mexico via the Nao de China." Journal of Chinese Overseas 5, no. 1 (2009): 5–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/179325409x434487.

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AbstractThe study of Asian migration to colonial Mexico via the nao de China — especially by Chinese and mestizos living in the Philippines — has been languishing in academic oblivion. This article reveals how transpacific relations between Manila and Acapulco profoundly affected the social, economic, religious, and political spheres of activity in New Spain. Aside from the challenges encountered by chinos acclimating to a Castilian race-based hierarchy, it also probes the reasons behind widespread social amnesia in the mid-to-late 18th century with respect to Mexico's Oriental heritage. Furth

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3

Amaral, Adela. "Social geographies, the practice of marronage and the archaeology of absence in colonial Mexico." Archaeological Dialogues 24, no. 2 (2017): 207–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1380203817000228.

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AbstractDrawing from colonial documents and archaeological evidence, this article challenges our conceptions of the Maroon colonial social category. The article focuses on Maroon testimonies recorded by colonial officials and the archaeological record of a Maroon group that settled Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe de los Morenos de Amapa, from 18th-century Spanish colonial Mexico. By reconstructing how Maroons practised and altered Spanish colonial social and geographic landscapes, this article demonstrates that Maroons were not constrained to the ‘inaccessible’ areas that colonial officials attach

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Shitova, M. A. "Stock Market Participants in the Social Structure of Russian Society in the 18th–20th Centuries." Humanities and Social Sciences. Bulletin of the Financial University 14, no. 1 (2024): 146–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.26794/2226-7867-2024-14-1-146-152.

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The paper analysis of social transformations affecting broad sections of the population in the progress’s dynamics of the Russian stock market in the 18th–20th centuries. The author examines the historical path of the securities market advancement in Russia. Also, the research states that starting from its inception and ending with the closure of exchanges in the 20th century. The study examined the stock market participants, their social class, goals for entering the market, and the conditions under which they operated. The author also brings up the point of whether social mobility was possib

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Batmaev, Maksim M. "Women of the Noyon Estate in the Kalmyk Khanate in the 18th Century: towards the Everyday Life History." Монголоведение (Монгол судлал) 16, no. 4 (2024): 656–67. https://doi.org/10.22162/2500-1523-2024-4-656-667.

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Introduction. There are good sketches about the status of the Kalmyk women in everyday life and social relations in the 19th and early 20th centuries in the pre-revolutionary historical literature on the Kalmyks. The 18th century was an important stage in the formation of new realities in the Kalmyk everyday life and in this regard in the development of socio-psychological mentality. Living in the south of the European Russia, where the spirit of the Cossacks and the fugitive peasantry had a great place in the mentality of the local population, could not fail to affect the Kalmyks, including

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6

Roos, Merethe. "USING SPEECH ACT THEORY AS A TOOL FOR UNDERSTANDING THE AUTHORSHIP OF BALTHASAR MÜNTER." Wiek Oświecenia, no. 38 (September 25, 2022): 114–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.31338/0137-6942.wo.38.7.

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This paper sheds light on the German (Danish at that time) theologian Balthasar Münter’s authorship and focuses on how his writings adapted to his intellectual, social and cultural surroundings. Münter served as a preacher in the German congregation in Copenhagen between 1765 and 1793 and left many writings to posterity, including 17 volumes of sermons. These texts are written in a public and political environment, offering shifting conditions for the church. The reflection concentrates on how he changed his preaching and teaching under the different conditions the church was offered in this p

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7

Deias, Dalia. "The Constitution of the Scientific Observation Site (15th–18th Century)." Nuncius 40, no. 1 (2025): 3–20. https://doi.org/10.1163/18253911-bja10133.

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Abstract In this special issue, we aim to study the places where observations, experiments, studies and instruments were practised, in France, between the fifteenth century and the end of the eighteenth century. We want here to react to previous existing studies on scientific observation, by focusing on the new and fundamental aspect of places and material conditions of observation and, complementary to the literature, by using especially images. While the prevailing literature has described places of observational practice (called observatories, laboratories, ateliers …) isolating them from t

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Kalyuta, A. V. "The «Aztec Empire» and Nahua (Aztec) Socio-Political Organization Through the Eyes of Russian Historians, Ethnologists and Archeologists." Cuadernos Iberoamericanos 11, no. 4 (2023): 62–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.46272/2409-3416-2023-11-4-62-87.

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The article examines scientific approaches of Russian scholars to studies of Aztec state in the middle 18th – early 21st centuries. Since the 18th century when fragmentary and contradictory information about Prehispanic past of Mexico and Central America started to circulate in Russian historical science, sociаl organization of Nahuas, i.e. the largest ethnic group of Mesoamerica on the eve of the Spanish conquest, and the character of their political entities, particularly the Aztec «empire» union of three city-states in the Basin of Mexico (Tenochtitlan, Tetzcoco and Tlacopan) have been subj

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9

Stark, David. "The family tree is not cut: marriage among slaves in eighteenth-century Puerto Rico." New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids 76, no. 1-2 (2002): 23–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/13822373-90002542.

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Examines the frequency of slave marriage in 18th-c. Puerto Rico, through family reconstitution based on parish baptismal, marriage, and death registers. Author first sketches the development of slavery, and the work regimens and conditions of the not yet sugar-dominated slavery in Puerto Rico. Then, he describes the religious context and social implications of marriage among slaves, and discusses, through an example, spousal selection patterns, and further focuses on age and seasonality of the slave marriages. He explains that marriage brought some legal advantages for slaves, such as the proh

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Kamenskii, Alexander B. "What Was the Love If Any in the 18th Century Russia?" Chelovek 33, no. 2 (2022): 84. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s023620070019512-0.

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The theme of love, in the context of the history of emotions, is poorly developed on the Russian material of the early modern period. In a few studies, on the one hand, it is argued that in the 18th century. this feeling was freed from the aura of sinfulness and the idea of romantic love was formed, and on the other hand, that under the conditions of arranged marriages and strict marriage legislation, its institutionalization was impossible. This article, based on archival sources, proposes one of the possible approaches to the study of this topic and proves that the feeling of love was famili

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Hawk, Barry E. "English Competition Law Before 1900." Antitrust Bulletin 63, no. 3 (2018): 350–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003603x18781397.

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English competition law before 1900 developed over many centuries and reflected changes in political conditions, economic theories and social values. It mirrored the historical movements in England, from the medieval ideal of fair prices and just wages to 16th and 17th century nation-state mercantilism to the 18th and 19th century Industrial Revolution and notions of laissez faire capitalism and freedom of contract. English competition law at varying times articulated three fundamental principles: monopolies were disfavored; freedom to trade was emphasized; and fair or reasonable prices were s

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Vtorushin, Mikhail I. "The Varangian Issue through the Prism of the Social Contract Concept." Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History 68, no. 1 (2023): 159–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu02.2023.109.

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The article is devoted to an under-researched topic of the impactth at the theory of the social contract of European thinkers of the 17th–18th had on the discussion in the 18th-century Russia on the “Varangian-Russian issue”, the conditions and basis for the East Slavs’ state-building in the initial period. It gives a proper analysis of socio-political and economic factors for accepting the doctrine of G. Grotious, T. Gobbs, J. Locke, B. Spinoza, and Ch. Montesquieu by Russian nobility. The doctrine described the treaty-based relations between the State of Russia and its sovereigns. The articl

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KozubĂk, Michal, and Barbora OdrĂˇĹˇkovĂˇ. "HOW UPBRINGING IN ROMA FAMILIES HAS CHANGED OVER THE CENTURIES." CBU International Conference Proceedings 5 (September 23, 2017): 676–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.12955/cbup.v5.1006.

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This study compares family upbringing in Slovak Roma during the 18th century with that of current times. It attempts to identify parallels between the Samuel Augusitniâ€™s 18th-century masterpiece: Gypsy in Hungary, and more recent data from a long-term study of Roma people in the eastern Slovakiaâ€“Poprad District. Open and axial coding inspired by the Strauss and Corbin Grounded Theory method is used to analyze the data. The primary results reveal that the common feature in all social classes of the settlement is a strong relationship between children and family. The poorest parents fail to

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Reygadas, Luis. "The deterioration of anthropological work in Mexico during the 21st century." Etnografica 28 (2) (2024): 549–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/11xjm.

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This article analyzes how the working conditions for Mexican anthropologists have deteriorated throughout the last few decades. Until half a century ago, only a few dozen professional anthropologists practiced in Mexico, and most of them had access to stable, well-paid jobs in academia or government agencies. Today there are over 7000 of them working in a wide range of fields, mostly in temporary jobs with low salaries. Drawing from the data gathered in the Historical Catalogue of Theses on Social Anthropology in Mexico (RedMIFA 2018) and the Survey on Professional Practice and Working Conditi

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Rolla, Nicoletta. "Communities beyond borders: internal boundaries and circulations in the 18th century." Journal of the British Academy 9s4 (2021): 168–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5871/jba/009s4.168.

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To understand the political, social and economic conditions which made possible a certain freedom of movement in early modern Europe, it is necessary to abandon the idea of a state sovereignty which expressed itself through the control of boundaries and its territory, which is a relatively recent notion in Western legal culture. Thus, in early modern Europe external borders were porous, and surveillance systems were organised in a plurality of jurisdictions and responded to multiple logics and interests. This article focuses on Turin, the capital of the States of Savoy, where boundaries were d

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Knudtzon, Magaret Aasness. "Increased Imports of Colorants and Constituent Components during the 18th Century Reflects the Start of the Consumer Society in Norway." Heritage 5, no. 4 (2022): 3705–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/heritage5040193.

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The start of the consumer society in Norway is examined by studying the increased imports of colorants and their constituents during the 18th century. Based on historical customs records, 82 imported pigments and dyes, 27 binders and additives and nine mordants and auxiliaries are presented. Imports increased significantly in the middle and at end of the century, representing two chromatic “revolutions”. This was especially evident for lead white and indigo; being the only particularly white and blue pigments used for painting and dyeing, respectively. Red dyes at different prices and properti

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Danilova, L. N. "Forming of social order for teachers in the history of education in Russia." Professional education in the modern world 12, no. 2 (2022): 271–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.20913/2618-7515-2022-2-10.

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Introduction. The first state educational institution for teacher’s training was the teachers’ seminary established in 1783. However, the teaching profession appeared in Russia long before that and was supported by social request. This fact builds questions about transformations of public expectations in relation to teachers, i.e. about the history of the social order to teachers. That order had not been realized and reflected in some documents for a long time, but its influence on education in Russia can be clearly observed already in the 17th century. Purpose setting. The article attempts to

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18

Alkon, Paul. "Samuel Madden’s Memoirs of the Twentieth Century." Science Fiction Studies 12, Part 2 (1985): 184–201. https://doi.org/10.1525/sfs.12.2.0184.

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The first work of prose fiction set in a chronologically specified future, Samuel Madden’s Memoirs of the Twentieth Century (1733), is satire, not SF, but nevertheless provides excellent evidence about the origins of SF. Although Madden’s satire fails, the framework of his narrative—documents transported backwards in time from the 20th to the 18th century—is in many ways better for futuristic fiction than the idea of transporting a narrator forward to the future, a device first used in Louis Sébastien Mercier’s more influential utopia L’An 2440 (1771). Memoirs of the Twentieth Century suggests

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Bryłka-Jesionek, Agata. "Doktryna protestancka na kartach śląskich druków kalendarzowych do połowy XVIII w." Studia Historyczne 62, no. 3 (247) (2022): 5–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.12797/sh.62.2019.03.01.

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PROTESTANT DOCTRINE IN SILESIAN CALENDARS BEFORE THE MID-18TH CENTURY This article looks at the issue of confesionality and the presence of Protestant doctrine in early modern calendars produced in Silesia. The article is based on an examination of 78 early modern calendars (16th through mid-18th century), which were printed in Silesian printing houses (including Breslau, Brzeg, Legnica, Kłodzko, Kożuchów, Nysa and Opawa). Of the calendars bearing the names of editors/authors, 17 were Protestant. While some of these figures were pastors, others were intellectuals who associated with Prot

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Rosset, François. "HOW TO STUDY LITERARY CULTURE IN THE ENLIGHTENMENT?" Wiek Oświecenia, no. 38 (September 25, 2022): 9–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.31338/0137-6942.wo.38.1.

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It has long been known which books were read most widely throughout enlightened Europe and to which intellectual authorities particular social groups referred. After the long history of research about the 18th century, modernity has also inherited various research habits consisting mainly of constant verification of the recognised hierarchy of authors, publications, and actors of intellectual life. However, the question remains: how to study this literary culture in given continent areas? Speaking of literary culture, we mean the prevailing patterns in the reception, evaluation, assimilation a

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García Peña, Ana Lidia. "La privatización de la violencia conyugal en los siglos XIX y XX: polémicas del liberalismo." Intersticios Sociales, no. 14 (August 31, 2017): 185–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.55555/is.14.151.

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El artículo busca construir una explicación conceptual de los cambios históricos en la violencia conyugal de los siglos xviii, xix y primera mitad del xx. Polemiza con la reforma liberal que privatizó la violencia doméstica desde 1859 hasta 1975. Se proponen tres periodos históricos: primero, época colonial (siglos xvii y xviii) cuando la violencia era un asunto de interés público y de injerencia de múltiples autoridades; segundo, cuando la reforma liberal e individualista de mediados del siglo xix transformó la violencia conyugal en un problema privado; tercero, desde finales de los años sete

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Wittrock, Björn. "Sociology and the Critical Reflexivity of Modernity: Scholarly Practices in Historical and Comparative Context." Comparative Sociology 2, no. 3 (2003): 523–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15691330-00203007.

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A sense of the contingency of human, finite existence, reflections on its temporal embeddedness and on the possibility to act, to bring about other states of affairs in the world, i.e. what has sometimes been labeled the reflexivity of modernity, are not phenomena that appear only in the epoch of modernity. However, they become articulated in a distinctly new way, at the turn of the 18th century, one in which categories of the social and new notions of temporality and of agency become key components. Sociology came to depend on the existence of certain epistemic, institutional and existential

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Kónya, Annamária. "A zempléni mezővárosok vallási és nemzetiségi összetétele a 18–19. században." Kelet-Közép-Európai Történelmi Tanulmányok 2, no. 1 (2024): 129–49. https://doi.org/10.46438/ecehs.2024.1.129.

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During the 18th and 19th centuries, several significant political, social, and demographic processes took place that shaped the religious and ethnic landscape of the entire country. This development was also evident in the market towns of Zemplén. The religious and ethnic composition of the population was influenced by several factors: the ongoing, gradual process of re-Catholicization in the 18th century, the resettlement of depopulated areas after the expulsion of the Ottomans and the devastating plague epidemic, the growth of internal migration toward towns, and the massive migration and se

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Çevi̇kel, Nuri. "Ayâns in the Ottoman Cyprus in the Second Half of the 18th Century." Belleten 72, no. 264 (2008): 567–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.37879/belleten.2008.567.

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A process of fluctuation was experienced at the expense of the Muslim - non-Muslim reayah living in the Province of Cyprus exclusively in 17501800 A.D. In this period, along with the natural calamities like earthquakes, plagues, droughts and the likes, appeared other factors to play a decisive role in the case. One of the most important of them was a progression of "decentralization". It first appeared in the late sixteenth century as a result of inner and outer political, social and economic conditions, developed in the following century and widely spread all over the Ottoman Empire by the s

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Sokolov, V. "INFORMATION ABOUT THE LIVING NATURE AND SPREAD OF NATURAL AND SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE IN PUBLICATIONS AND MANUSCRIPTS IN UKRAINE IN THE 18TH CENTURY." Library Mercury, no. 1(31) (July 10, 2024): 20–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.18524/2707-3335.2024.1(31).305536.

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The study of issues of the history of the formation and development of branch book printing in the territory of Ukraine is conditioned by the need to study the origins of modern information resources from various branches of natural sciences, as well as insufficient coverage and analytical processing of the array of old prints and manuscripts of the 17th–18th centuries natural and scientific subjects, in particular from the sciences of living nature. The problems of the origin, creation, distribution, and functioning of life sciences publications that were printed on the territory of Ukraine i

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ENRÍQUEZ, PÉREZ Isaac, and SANDOVAL Rubén Darío FLORES. "The Crisis of Public Life and its Incidence in Underdevelopment: Incursions Around the Weakness of Institutions and the State in Mexico." Utopía y Praxis Latinoamericana 24, no. 85 (2019): 239–60. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3338583.

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This paper offers an overview of the genesis, nature and historical significance of the crisis of public life in early 21st century Mexico. The analysis begins by recognizing a historical context where many areas of the Mexican territory lie beyond state control, and where a number of counterpowers challenge and dispute the state’s legitimate monopoly of force and hegemony. The paper characterizes the evolution of public life in 20th century Mexico and briefly compares recent transformations in this sphere with similar developments taking place in other parts of the globe. The paper goes

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Terlyuk, Ivan. "Features of the evolution of the idea of the Ukrainian nation statehood under the conditions of the strengthening of the russian-imperial incorporation of the cossack hetmmann." Visnik Nacional’nogo universitetu «Lvivska politehnika». Seria: Uridicni nauki 10, no. 37 (2023): 31–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/law2023.37.031.

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Issues of the evolution of the idea of Ukrainian national statehood фin the Hetmanate after the so-called "Mazepa's betrayals". It is emphasized that the idea of national statehood in the contemporary conditions of strengthening the incorporation of the Hetmanship by imperial Russia was promoted by the efforts of the educated layers of its nobility and nobility. Monuments of Ukrainian political and legal thought of the 18th century were analyzed, in which the need to preserve the autonomy of the Hetmanship is argued. It is concluded that the main issue of the political life of the Hetmanate, e

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Singelmann, Peter. "The Sugar Industry in Postrevolutionary Mexico: State Intervention and Private Capital." Latin American Research Review 28, no. 1 (1993): 61–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002387910003510x.

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The development of the Mexican sugar industry during the twentieth century has reflected both the general problems of industrialization in the hemisphere and the distinct historical conditions that were shaped by the Revolution of 1910. The broader problems can be assessed in terms of the implications of peripheral capitalist development for the internal dynamics of social class relations and for the corresponding political factors that set the boundaries for government policy options.

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Ogienko, E. L. "Affordable housing in Russia, Europe and USA in the 5–18th centuries." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo arkhitekturno-stroitel'nogo universiteta. JOURNAL of Construction and Architecture 26, no. 2 (2024): 48–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.31675/1607-1859-2024-26-2-48-60.

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The article discusses problems of concept genesis and development of affordable housing in Russia, Europe, and the USA in the 5–18th centuries. Affordable housing plays an important role in the quality of life and social integration. Affordable housing originates from the history of European civilization and Christian axiology, where communal living and housing for the poor are determined.Purpose: The following types of housing are studied: bursas (5−15th centuries), almshouses (10−11th centuries), Fuggerei (16th century), Shaker (17−18th centuries) houses. Their master plans and facades are s

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Harley, Grant L., and Justin T. Maxwell. "Current declines of Pecos River (New Mexico, USA) streamflow in a 700-year context." Holocene 28, no. 5 (2017): 767–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959683617744263.

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The Pecos River provides an important source of water for New Mexico and Texas, US, and Mexico. Severe and prolonged drought combined with increasing temperatures during the early 21st century boosted attention on water resources and allocation management in the American West. We provide a tree-ring-based streamflow reconstruction for the Pecos River for the period 1310–2013 CE for the overarching purpose of placing the current Pecos River streamflow declines in a multi-century context. Over the past ca. 700 years, dry events ( n = 93) that lasted at least 2 years were more common than wet eve

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Khalaev, Zahid A. "THE GEOGRAPHICAL FACTOR IN THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF DJAR-BELOKANI IN THE 18TH CENTURY." History, Archeology and Ethnography of the Caucasus 19, no. 2 (2023): 326–34. https://doi.org/10.32653/ch192326-334.

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Any socio-political institution should be considered in the context of the geographical environment in which it develops. The geographical factor throughout history has been exceptionally strong. Any society in the historical process, one way or another, not only adapted to the environment, but also impacted the environment itself. Despite the great role of the geographical factor in the historical retrospective, today this problem is on the periphery of the interests of Russian Caucasian studies. We believe that, without describing the degree of influence of the geographical factor on the pol

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Dr., S. Prabavathi. "Historical Document: Anandarangappillai Diary." Maayan International Journal of Tamil Research (MIJTR) 2, no. 3 (2022): 62–75. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7371788.

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<strong>ABSTRACT:</strong>              Anandarangappillai's diary was the first diary published in Tamil. The fact that the diary is not an autobiography but a social history and the history of the struggle between nations gives this diary its historical significance. This diary is a very detailed record of the political, religious, social and economic conditions prevailing in the 18th century, as well as the customs and beliefs of the people. This article first explains the purpose of writing Anandarangappillai's diary, the nature of the diary, the

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Ravishankar, Akshara. "Scholarly worlds and popular texts: The Bhagavad Gðtå’s vernacular communities in early modern India." Contributions to Indian Sociology 58, no. 1 (2024): 31–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00699659241286568.

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The Bhagavad Gītā is often thought of as the popular religious text par excellence in modern Hinduism. A substantial amount of scholarship has argued that its modern status as the central text of Hinduism is grounded in its 19th-century colonial and nationalist receptions. However, recent work on late premodern Indian philosophy has raised the possibility of constructing alternative genealogies for modern religious textual practices, though the methodologies that may allow the characterisation of premodern texts as ‘popular’ canonical works remain uncertain. This article asks how we may furthe

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Mkhitaryan, Gohar Zh. "ARMENIANS IN THE ETHNIC LANDSCAPE OF EAST TRANSCAUCASIA IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE 18TH CENTURY." History, Archeology and Ethnography of the Caucasus 18, no. 1 (2022): 26–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.32653/ch1126-38.

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In the second half of the 18th century the Armenians occupied a special place in the ethnopolitical picture of East Transcaucasia. Despite a number of scientific studies carried out with the involvement of a wide range of historical sources and archival materials about the Armenians of East Transcaucasia, the subject can be still considered insufficiently studied. The choice of chronological framework is due to the fact that in the previous (16–17th centuries) and subsequent (19–20th centuries) periods, the history of the problem was comprehensively and properly covered in historiography. The

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Vasiliyev, Alexander V. "Uniforms of the Ufa nobility of the late 18th century: historical and legal research." Vestnik BIST (Bashkir Institute of Social Technologies), no. 2(63) (June 28, 2024): 181–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.47598/2078-9025-2024-2-63-181-188.

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The author conducts a historical and legal study of the problem of the formation and development of the institute of the noble uniform at the end of the eighteenth century on the example of the Ufa province. The noble uniform is considered as one of the most important state and legal institutions of Russian society. It is noted that under the conditions of an absolute monarchy, the uniform became the most striking and noticeable element of the legal and social status of a person in the state. A brief overview of the sources and literature on the research topic is given. The main stages of the

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Crossland, Zoe. "Acts of estrangement. The post-mortem making of self and other." Archaeological Dialogues 16, no. 1 (2009): 102–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1380203809002827.

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AbstractThe histories of post-mortem intervention in 18th- and 19th-century Britain illustrate how the relationships within which the dead were located affected their post-mortem treatment and were reproduced through it. This paper explores how traditions of marking social distinctions among the dead have been incorporated into archaeological practice, tracing some of the ways in which relationships between the dead and the living define the nature and tone of post-mortem interventions. This history suggests that the conditions within which people are produced as dead bodies through archaeolog

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Aguirre Salvador, Rodolfo. "Españoles, mulatos y filipinos en la Real Universidad de México. Debates y disputas por el acceso a las aulas en el siglo xvii." Cliocanarias, no. 3 (2021): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.53335/cliocanarias.2021.3.06.

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The social change in New Spain was also reflected in the students of the Royal University of Mexico. Although this was originally planned for the Spanish, mainly, in the seventeenth century other groups were present. Mulattoes, Indians and Filipinos demanded major studies and degrees, in the search to improve their living conditions and the social advancement of their families. This aspiration was rejected by intolerant sectors of Spaniards, causing rejections from students and various controversies that the university leaders had to resolve

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MAKOUSKAYA, Y. "SOCIAL PORTRAIT AND POSITION OF WORKERS OF PATRIMONIAL MANUFACTORIES IN THE TERRITORY OF BELARUS IN THE 18TH CENTURY." Herald of Polotsk State University. Series A. Humanity sciences, no. 3 (July 29, 2024): 36–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.52928/2070-1608-2024-71-3-36-40.

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The article is devoted to the problem of working force in manufacturing-type enterprises that arrived on Belarusian lands in the 18th century. The author strives to paint a detailed portrait of the worker in patrimonial manufactories through an analysis of the gender, quantitative, and national composition of workers in enterprises. One of the features of manufactories on the territory of Belarus was the use of the labor of serfs, therefore the problem of the social composition of workers occupies a special place in the article. During a comprehensive examination of the portrait of a worker, t

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Ligenko, Nelli P. "SOME FACTORS ABOUT FORMATION OF THE ENTREPRENEURIAL SOCIAL STRATUM IN THE KAMA-VYATKA REGION OF THE 18th – EARLY 20th CENTURY." Historical Search 1, no. 4 (2020): 52–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.47026/2712-9454-2020-1-4-52-62.

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The article discusses the main determinants of successful entrepreneurship development in an individual provincial region of the country. Favorable natural-geographical and socio-economic conditions contributed to relatively early inclusion of the region into the development of a single all-Russian commodity market, and later a capitalist market. On the one hand, the set of necessary factors contributed to the involvement of a wide stratum of peasantry in the processes of initial accumulation of capital and the formation of the local entrepreneurial social stratum. It should be noted that the

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Peno, Vesna, та Ivana Vesic. "Serbian еcclesiastical chanting for the glory of god and in the service of the nation". Zbornik Matice srpske za drustvene nauke, № 164 (2017): 651–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/zmsdn1764651p.

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Shaped in complex social circumstances and in accordance with the postulates of baroque historicism, Serbian ecclesial art has expressed clear tendency toward nationalization of Serbian religious identity during the 18th century. Due to general musical illiteracy of the clerics, the real conditions for the development of chanting art in Serbian Church were nonexistent. However, by the end of 18th and at the beginning of the 19th century the myth of authentic Serbian national Church singing, being the result of special ?Serbian folk piety?, was established. The construction of Serbian Church ch

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Marlen Esser, Andrea. "Philosophie aktuell: Public Philosophy – brauchen wir das?" Deutsche Zeitschrift für Philosophie 71, no. 1 (2023): 119–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/dzph-2023-0008.

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Abstract In recent years, calls for philosophy to interact more with the public have grown louder in the German-speaking world as well as elsewhere. Public philosophy, as it were, has a long-standing tradition, reaching back to Enlightenment-era German “Popularphilosophie” and of course to Socrates and the Sophists. This section presents four short articles on some current aspects of the public-philosophy debate: on the overall conditions for transferring content from academic philosophy to the public in Germany; on the relations between philosophers’ mediatic presence and their disciplinary e

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Ilchenko, Olena. "WOMEN'S CHARITY IN EDUCATION OF UKRAINE THROUGH THE ASSESSMENT OF THE XXI CENTURY." Aesthetics and Ethics of Pedagogical Action, no. 18 (September 9, 2018): 69–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.33989/2226-4051.2018.18.176317.

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The article deals with the historical and pedagogical assessment of women's charitable experience in education of Ukraine in the 17th century – the last quarter of the 18th century. The parameters of the assessment of women’s charity are chosen: a) the expansion of the network of schools, improving their material base; b) the ability of schools to provide high-quality training of students; c) the level of financial security of the educational institution; d) education of spiritual and moral values of the person, the formation of their internal needs and beliefs to develop education industry is

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Hlibowicka-Węglarz, Barbara. "Da língua indígena à língua geral – algumas reflexões sobre a formação da Língua Geral Paulista." Romanica Cracoviensia 24, Numer Specjalny (2024): 209–18. https://doi.org/10.4467/20843917rc.24.020.20353.

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From indigenous language to general language – some reflections on the formation of the General Language of São Paulo: In Portuguese America, the general languages were the languages of indigenous origin used by the administration and the Church as an instrument of interethnic communication. These languages were spoken by everyone who was part of the colonial system. In the Brazilian territory, two general languageswere formed in very different linguistic contexts: the Língua Geral Paulista (LGP) and the Língua Geral Amazónica (LGA). Established in the 16th century, LGP emerged in the São Vice

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Trąbski, Maciej. "Twierdze na straży lojalności. Brytyjskie fortyfikacje na terenie północnej Szkocji w pierwszej połowie XVIII w." Studia Historica Gedanensia 12, no. 1 (2021): 177–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/23916001hg.21.032.15092.

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[Fortresses as a guarantee of loyalty. British fortifications in the area of northern Scotland in the first half of the 18th century] In the first half of the 18th century, the Scottish Highlands were a “wild and inaccessible” area, and from London’s perspective, they were at least uncertain as far as local inhabitants’ loyalty was concerned. The Highlands were controlled by clans, who cultivated social and economic traditions dating back to the mediaeval times. Despite it being anachronistic, this system made it possible to gather significant forces, not so well armed, but usually strongly mo

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Vermes, Caroline. "The individualism impasse in counselling psychology." Counselling Psychology Review 32, no. 1 (2017): 44–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.53841/bpscpr.2017.32.1.44.

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Context and focusThis paper argues that counselling psychology has been shaped by the philosophical and cultural value of individualism. Counselling psychology’s reliance on individual therapy models hinders its potential to actively address social issues that cause or exacerbate many mental health problems. The history and role of UK state-funded individual therapy markets, which employ a significant proportion of counselling psychologists, is examined. Some origins and consequences of counselling psychology’s individualistic ideals are explored. The professionalisation of personal therapy in

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Butvilaitė, Rasa. "Architektas XVIII amžiaus Lietuvos Didžiosios Kunigaikštystės visuomenėje." Lietuvos Didžioji Kunigaikštystė Luomas. Pašaukimas. Užsiėmimas, T. 5 (January 1, 2021): 254–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.33918/23516968-005012.

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ARCHITECT IN THE SOCIETY OF THE 18TH CENTURY GRAND DUCHY OF LITHUANIA The article deals with the problem of professional field of activity of an architect, the place of his profession in the system of crafts, sciences and arts, architects’ position in the society of the eighteenth century. Before the education reform undertaken by the Education Commission, architecture had not been developed into a separate subject that provided professional training in the schools of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. The course in architecture was only a part of general education in Vilnius Jesuit Academy, in nob

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De Juan, Alexander, and Tim Wegenast. "Temperatures, food riots, and adaptation: A long-term historical analysis of England." Journal of Peace Research 57, no. 2 (2019): 265–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022343319863474.

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A large body of research indicates that environmental conditions can influence the risk of social unrest. However, we know little about how these effects may change in the long run. Are they likely to remain constant or do they change over time – for example as a consequence of human adaptation? To investigate this question, we rely on a disaggregated analysis of England over a period of more than 300 years. Combining data on geo-referenced food riots with reconstructed climate data, we first assess the impact of annual temperatures on social unrest over the period 1500–1817. We then use our l

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N. A., Chetyrina. "PRACTICE OF MEDIATOR'S COURT IN URBAN SETTLEMENTS OF THE FIRST QUARTER OF THE 19th CENTURY." Human research of Inner Asia 3 (2022): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.18101/2305-753x-2022-3-28-33.

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Mediation is an integral part of pre-trial conflict resolution. The decrees on me-diation available in the Russian legislation of the 18th–19th centuries regulate the main criteria for functioning of this institution and include such elements as court composition, scope of regulation, terms, etc. The report considers three main laws on the practice of the mediator’s court covering almost a century. The first mention of the term refers to 1727 and used to mean an intermediary. Through time, the mediator’s court undergone changes affecting its social, professional and procedural scope of regulat

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Chernyaeva, Irina V., and Lidiya V. Balakhnina. "On the issue of pricing works of art in the process of historical development of artistic practices." Vestnik slavianskikh kul’tur [Bulletin of Slavic Cultures] 59 (2021): 321–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.37816/2073-9567-2021-59-321-329.

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In modern art practice, the issue of formation of symbolic and economic value of works of art remains acute and relevant. In the history of art art historians, curators, and art critics used to determine symbolic value. The issue of formation of economic value of works of art is still debatable. The task of the study is to identify features of the pricing of works of art inherent in individual periods of the development of artistic practices in a historical context. The authors address the issue retrospectively, considering the relationships between art and market, originated in the 18th centu

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Camenisch, Chantal, Kathrin M. Keller, Melanie Salvisberg, et al. "The 1430s: a cold period of extraordinary internal climate variability during the early Spörer Minimum with social and economic impacts in north-western and central Europe." Climate of the Past 12, no. 11 (2016): 2107–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-12-2107-2016.

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Abstract. Changes in climate affected human societies throughout the last millennium. While European cold periods in the 17th and 18th century have been assessed in detail, earlier cold periods received much less attention due to sparse information available. New evidence from proxy archives, historical documentary sources and climate model simulations permit us to provide an interdisciplinary, systematic assessment of an exceptionally cold period in the 15th century. Our assessment includes the role of internal, unforced climate variability and external forcing in shaping extreme climatic con

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