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1
Kosiyaporn, Hathairat, Sataporn Julchoo, Pigunkaew Sinam, Mathudara Phaiyarom, Watinee Kunpeuk, Nareerut Pudpong, and Rapeepong Suphanchaimat. "Health Literacy and Its Related Determinants in Migrant Health Workers and Migrant Health Volunteers: A Case Study of Thailand, 2019." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 6 (March 22, 2020): 2105. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17062105.
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Migrant health workers (MHWs) and migrant health volunteers (MHVs) are key health workforce actors who play a substantial role in improving the health of migrants in Thailand. The objective of this study was to explore the factors associated with health literacy in MHWs and MHVs in Thailand. A self-administered questionnaire was conducted from December 2018 to April 2019 in two migrant-populated provinces. A total of 40 MHWs, 78 MHVs, and 116 general migrants were included in the survey. Results showed that a higher education level was associated with a greater health literacy score. MHWs were more likely to have a higher health literacy score (5.59 points difference) than general migrants. The province per se and type of affiliations did not significantly contribute to the difference in the health literacy score of each individual. Most MHWs received health information from health professionals, health staff, and the internet, while MHVs and general migrants received information from health professionals, MHWs/MHVs, family/friends, and posters/leaflets. This study suggests that a higher education level should be used as a criterion for recruitment of MHWs and MHVs. Access to interactive health information like health professionals should be promoted as the main source of information to ensure better health literacy among MHWs and MHVs.
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Castro, N., P. Ramalhosa, E. Cacabelos, JL Costa, J. Canning-Clode, and I. Gestoso. "Winners and losers: prevalence of non-indigenous species under simulated marine heatwaves and high propagule pressure." Marine Ecology Progress Series 668 (June 24, 2021): 21–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps13710.
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Global warming is increasing the frequency, duration and intensity of extreme events such as marine heat waves (MHWs). The effects of MHWs include a variety of negative environmental impacts. Extreme weather events can interact with other environmental stressors such as invasion by marine non-indigenous species (NIS). The aim of this study was to (1) compare the responses of fouling assemblages recruited within a harbour (highly invaded) with the responses of those recruited in natural habitats (not invaded) to simulated MHWs of different temperatures and durations, and (2) evaluate the legacy effects of those MHWs on the invasibility of both types of assemblage by deploying them in a marina environment (high NIS propagule pressure). Experimental assemblages were sampled after 5 or 10 d of exposure to 1 of 3 different temperature conditions to examine the effects of varying MHW conditions. Later those assemblages were deployed inside a marina facility to test the invasibility of heat-stressed assemblages. The results revealed that higher temperatures and longer MHWs had an overall negative impact on both native and non-indigenous assemblages. Shorter MHWs had greater effects on assemblages dominated by NIS, while longer MHWs affected native species more. Increasing MHW duration promoted increased variability in the resulting invasive assemblages. Winner and loser species and homogenisation could potentially alter the legacy effects of MHWs on the pattern of NIS recruitment. This study highlights the importance of interactions between environmental stressors to the conservation of coastal communities, crucial ecosystems on oceanic islands.
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Laufkötter, Charlotte, Jakob Zscheischler, and Thomas L. Frölicher. "High-impact marine heatwaves attributable to human-induced global warming." Science 369, no. 6511 (September 24, 2020): 1621–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aba0690.
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Marine heatwaves (MHWs)—periods of extremely high ocean temperatures in specific regions—have occurred in all of Earth’s ocean basins over the past two decades, with severe negative impacts on marine organisms and ecosystems. However, for most individual MHWs, it is unclear to what extent they have been altered by human-induced climate change. We show that the occurrence probabilities of the duration, intensity, and cumulative intensity of most documented, large, and impactful MHWs have increased more than 20-fold as a result of anthropogenic climate change. MHWs that occurred only once every hundreds to thousands of years in the preindustrial climate are projected to become decadal to centennial events under 1.5°C warming conditions and annual to decadal events under 3°C warming conditions. Thus, ambitious climate targets are indispensable to reduce the risks of substantial MHW impacts.
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Ibrahim, Omneya, Bayoumy Mohamed, and Hazem Nagy. "Spatial Variability and Trends of Marine Heat Waves in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea over 39 Years." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9, no. 6 (June 10, 2021): 643. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse9060643.
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Marine heatwaves (MHWs) can cause devastating impacts on marine life. The frequency of MHWs, gauged with respect to historical temperatures, is expected to rise significantly as the climate continues to warm. The MHWs intensity and count are pronounced with many parts of the oceans and semi enclosed seas, such as Eastern Mediterranean Sea (EMED). This paper investigates the descriptive spatial variability and trends of MHW events and their main characteristics of the EMED from 1982 to 2020 using Sea Surface Temperature (SST) data obtained from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Optimum Interpolation ([NOAA] OI SST V2.1). Over the last two decades, we find that the mean MHW frequency and duration increased by 40% and 15%, respectively. In the last decade, the shortest significant MHW mean duration is 10 days, found in the southern Aegean Sea, while it exceeds 27 days off the Israeli coast. The results demonstrate that the MHW frequency trend increased by 1.2 events per decade between 1982 and 2020, while the MHW cumulative intensity (icum) trend increased by 5.4 °C days per decade. During the study period, we discovered that the maximum significant MHW SST event was 6.35 °C above the 90th SST climatology threshold, lasted 7 days, and occurred in the year 2020. It was linked to a decrease in wind stress, an increase in air temperature, and an increase in mean sea level pressure.
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Giraldo-Ospina, Ana, Gary A. Kendrick, and Renae K. Hovey. "Depth moderates loss of marine foundation species after an extreme marine heatwave: could deep temperate reefs act as a refuge?" Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 287, no. 1928 (June 10, 2020): 20200709. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2020.0709.
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Marine heatwaves (MHWs) have been documented around the world, causing widespread mortality of numerous benthic species on shallow reefs (less than 15 m depth). Deeper habitats are hypothesized to be a potential refuge from environmental extremes, though we have little understanding of the response of deeper benthic communities to MHWs. Here, we show how increasing depth moderates the response of seaweed- and coral-dominated benthic communities to an extreme MHW across a subtropical–temperate biogeographical transition zone. Benthic community composition and key habitat-building species were characterized across three depths (15, 25 and 40 m) before and several times after the 2011 Western Australian MHW to assess resistance during and recovery after the heatwave. We found high natural variability in benthic community composition along the biogeographic transition zone and across depths with a clear shift in the composition after the MHW in shallow (15 m) sites but a lot less in deeper communities (40 m). Most importantly, key habitat-building seaweeds such as Ecklonia radiata and Syctothalia dorycarpa which had catastrophic losses on shallow reefs, remained and were less affected in deeper communities. Evidently, deep reefs have the potential to act as a refuge during MHWs for the foundation species of shallow reefs in this region.
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Alsuwaiyan, NA, S. Vranken, K. Filbee-Dexter, M. Cambridge, MA Coleman, and T. Wernberg. "Genotypic variation in response to extreme events may facilitate kelp adaptation under future climates." Marine Ecology Progress Series 672 (August 19, 2021): 111–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps13802.
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Marine heatwaves (MHWs) have caused declines in many kelp forests globally. Although the ecological effects of these climatic extremes have been well examined, studies on the role of genotypic variation in underpinning population responses under pressures are lacking. Understanding how kelps respond to different warming profiles and, in particular, intraspecific variation in responses is necessary to confidently anticipate the future of kelp forests, yet this remains a critical knowledge gap for most species. This study examined the responses of early life stages of 9 different genotypes of the Australian kelp Ecklonia radiata to different MHW profiles, where cumulative heat intensity was kept constant: control treatment (constant 19°C), heat spikes (fluctuating 19-23°C), low intensity MHW (ramp up 23°C) and high intensity MHW (ramp up 27°C). Overall, we found significant declines in E. radiata gametophyte performance in all MHW treatments and delays in sporophyte recruitment during MHW exposure. We also found significant genotype by environment (G×E) interactions, suggesting tolerance to acute thermal stress is influenced by genetic variation. Our results showed that offspring from different genotypes within the same population respond differently to MHWs, indicating that some genotypes are susceptible to MHWs while others are more resistant. While the effects on standing genetic variation and subsequent susceptibility to other stressors are unknown, our findings suggest that in addition to immediate impacts on marine organisms, natural genotypic variation in response to thermal anomalies may facilitate the gradual evolution of populations with increased thermal tolerance under future climates.
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Mohamed, Bayoumy, Hazem Nagy, and Omneya Ibrahim. "Spatiotemporal Variability and Trends of Marine Heat Waves in the Red Sea over 38 Years." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9, no. 8 (August 4, 2021): 842. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse9080842.
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Marine heat waves (MHWs) can have catastrophic consequences for the socio-environmental system. Especially in the Red Sea, which has the world’s second longest coral reef system. Here, we investigate the sea surface temperature (SST) variability and trends, as well as the spatiotemporal characteristics of marine heat waves (MHWs) in the Red Sea, using high resolution daily gridded (1/20°) SST data obtained from the Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service (CMEMS) for the period 1982–2019. Results show that the average warming rate was about 0.342 ± 0.047 °C/decade over the entire Red Sea over the whole study period. The Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) analysis reveals that the maximum variability is over the central part of the Red Sea, while the minimum variability is in the southernmost part of the Red Sea. Over the last two decades (2000–2019), we have discovered that the average MHW frequency and duration increased by 35% and 67%, respectively. The results illustrate that the MHW frequency and duration trends have increased by 1.17 counts/decade and 1.79 days/decade, respectively, over the study period. The highest annual MHW frequencies were detected in the years 2018, 2019, 2010, and 2017. A strong correlation (R = 0.89) was found between the annual MHW frequency and the annual mean SST.
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Attolini, Fabiano da Silva, Máurea Nicoletti Flynn, and Airton Santo Tarararn. "Influence of Spartina alterniflora and tide level on the structure of polychaete associations in an euryhallne salt marsh in cananéia lagoon estuarine region (SE Brazil)." Revista Brasileira de Oceanografia 45, no. 1-2 (1997): 24–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1413-77391997000100003.
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Polychaete species composition, abundance and seasonal variation were analyzed in relation to Spartina alterniflora cover and tide level at Ponta do Arrozal, Cananéia, during 1989/1990. Two intertidal stations were located on the S. alterniflora bellt, one ca mean high water of neap tides (MHWN) and the other ca mean high water of spring tides (MHWS). Two other stations were established at corresponding tide levels at an adjacent site devoid of vegetation. A total of 17 species were collected. Each station was sampled twice seasonally with a 20 cm of diameter corer. Capitella capitata, Isolda pulchella, Nereis oligohalina and Lumbrineris sp were the most abundant species. Statistically significant differences bettween the vegetated and bare sites considered were observed for the number of species, density, diversity and evenness, with their values being higher at the vegetated site. Multivariate analysis showed spatial variations of the fauna according to vegetation cover and tide level. In relation to vegetation cover, polychaetes assemblages were distinguishable mainly by individual species densities of the more common species, since the most abundant species were present at the vegetated and bare sites. In relation to tide level, the faunal densities and number of species at the MHWN station were significantly higher than those at the MHWS station mainly at the bare site.
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Bawadekji, Abdulhakim, Kareem Tonbol, Nejib Ghazouani, Nidhal Becheikh, and Mohamed Shaltout. "General and Local Characteristics of Current Marine Heatwave in the Red Sea." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9, no. 10 (September 23, 2021): 1048. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse9101048.
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In the ocean, heat waves are vital climatic extremes that can destroy the ecosystem together with ensuing socioeconomic consequences. Marine heat waves (MHW) recently attracted public interest, as well as scientific researchers, which motivates us to analyze the current heat wave events over the Red Sea and its surrounding sea region (Gulf of Aden). First, a comprehensive evaluation of how the extreme Red Sea surface temperature has been changing is presented using 0.25° daily gridded optimum interpolation sea surface temperature (OISST, V2.1) data from 1982 to 2020. Second, an analysis of the MHW’s general behavior using four different metrics over the study area, together with a study of the role of climate variability in MHW characteristics, is presented. Finally, the main spatiotemporal characteristics of MHWs were analyzed based on three different metrics to describe MHW’s local features. Over the studied 39 years, the current results showed that the threshold of warm extreme sea surface temperature events (90th percentile) is 30.03 °C, providing an additional average thermal restriction to MHW threshold values (this value is changed from one grid to another). The current analysis discovered 28 separate MHW events over the Red+, extending from 1988 to 2020, with the four longest events being chosen as a study case for future investigation. For the effect of climate variability, our results during the chosen study cases prove that ENSO and ISMI do not play a significant role in controlling MHW characteristics (except the MHW intensity, which has a clear relation with ENSO/ISMI) on Red+. Moreover, the chlorophyll concentration decreases more significantly than its climatic values during MHW events, showing the importance of the MHW effect on biological Red Sea features. In general, the MHW intensity and duration exhibit a meridional gradient, which increases from north to south over the Red Sea, unlike the MHW frequency, which decreases meridionally.
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Goris, Janny, Nera Komaric, Amanda Guandalini, Daniel Francis, and Ellen Hawes. "Effectiveness of multicultural health workers in chronic disease prevention and self-management in culturally and linguistically diverse populations: a systematic literature review." Australian Journal of Primary Health 19, no. 1 (2013): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py11130.
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With a large and increasing culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) population, the Australian health care system faces challenges in the provision of accessible culturally competent health care. Communities at higher risk of chronic disease include CALD communities. Overseas, multicultural health workers (MHWs) have been increasingly integrated in the delivery of culturally relevant primary health care to CALD communities. The objective of this systematic review was to examine the effectiveness of MHW interventions in chronic disease prevention and self-management in CALD populations with the aim to inform policy development of effective health care in CALD communities in Australia. A systematic review protocol was developed and computerised searches were conducted of multiple electronic databases from 1 January 1995 until 1 November 2010. Thirty-nine studies were identified including 31 randomised controlled trials. Many of the studies focussed on poor and underserved ethnic minorities. Several studies reported significant improvements in participants’ chronic disease prevention and self-management outcomes and meta-analyses identified a positive trend associated with MHW intervention. Australian Government policies express the need for targeted inventions for CALD communities. The broader systemic application of MHWs in Australian primary health care may provide one of the most useful targeted interventions for CALD communities.
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Le Grix, Natacha, Jakob Zscheischler, Charlotte Laufkötter, Cecile S. Rousseaux, and Thomas L. Frölicher. "Compound high-temperature and low-chlorophyll extremes in the ocean over the satellite period." Biogeosciences 18, no. 6 (March 24, 2021): 2119–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2119-2021.
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Abstract. Extreme events in the ocean severely impact marine organisms and ecosystems. Of particular concern are compound events, i.e., when conditions are extreme for multiple potential ocean ecosystem stressors such as temperature and chlorophyll. Yet, little is known about the occurrence, intensity, and duration of such compound high-temperature (a.k.a. marine heatwaves – MHWs) and low-chlorophyll (LChl) extreme events, whether their distributions have changed in the past decades, and what the potential drivers are. Here we use satellite-based sea surface temperature and chlorophyll concentration estimates to provide a first assessment of such compound extreme events. We reveal hotspots of compound MHW and LChl events in the equatorial Pacific, along the boundaries of the subtropical gyres, in the northern Indian Ocean, and around Antarctica. In these regions, compound events that typically last 1 week occur 3 to 7 times more often than expected under the assumption of independence between MHWs and LChl events. The occurrence of compound MHW and LChl events varies on seasonal to interannual timescales. At the seasonal timescale, most compound events occur in summer in both hemispheres. At the interannual timescale, the frequency of compound MHW and LChl events is strongly modulated by large-scale modes of natural climate variability such as the El Niño–Southern Oscillation, whose positive phase is associated with increased compound event occurrence in the eastern equatorial Pacific and in the Indian Ocean by a factor of up to 4. Our results provide a first understanding of where, when, and why compound MHW and LChl events occur. Further studies are needed to identify the exact physical and biological drivers of these potentially harmful events in the ocean and their evolution under global warming.
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Williams, Anne, Ellie Fossey, John Farhall, Fiona Foley, and Neil Thomas. "Impact of Jointly Using an e–Mental Health Resource (Self-Management And Recovery Technology) on Interactions Between Service Users Experiencing Severe Mental Illness and Community Mental Health Workers: Grounded Theory Study." JMIR Mental Health 8, no. 6 (June 16, 2021): e25998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/25998.
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Background e–Mental health resources are increasingly available for people who experience severe mental illness, including those who are users of community mental health services. However, the potential for service users (SUs) living with severe mental illness to use e–mental health resources together with their community mental health workers (MHWs) has received little attention. Objective This study aims to identify how jointly using an interactive website called Self-Management And Recovery Technology (SMART) in a community mental health context influenced therapeutic processes and interactions between SUs and MHWs from their perspective. Methods We conducted a qualitative study using a constructivist grounded theory methodology. Data were collected through individual semistructured interviews with 37 SUs and 15 MHWs who used the SMART website together for 2 to 6 months. Data analysis involved iterative phases of coding, constant comparison, memo writing, theoretical sampling, and consultation with stakeholders to support the study’s credibility. Results A substantive grounded theory, discovering ways to keep life on track, was developed, which portrays a shared discovery process arising from the SU-worker-SMART website interactions. The discovery process included choosing to use the website, revealing SUs’ experiences, exploring these experiences, and gaining new perspectives on how SUs did and could keep their lives on track. SUs and MHWs perceived that their three-way interactions were enjoyable, beneficial, and recovery focused when using the website together. They experienced the shared discovery process as relationship building—their interactions when using the website together were more engaging and equal. Conclusions Jointly using an e–mental health resource elicited recovery-oriented interactions and processes between SUs and MHWs that strengthened their therapeutic relationship in real-world community mental health services. Further work to develop and integrate this novel use of e–mental health in community mental health practice is warranted.
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Mulders, YR, and T. Wernberg. "Fifteen years in a global warming hotspot: changes in subtidal mobile invertebrate communities." Marine Ecology Progress Series 656 (December 10, 2020): 227–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps13567.
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Temperate subtidal reefs are increasingly exposed to gradual warming and short periods of high temperatures (marine heatwaves; MHWs). These pressures can directly and indirectly affect the mobile invertebrate communities on these reefs. We investigate changes in mobile invertebrate communities from benthic surveys 15 yr apart (1999-2001 vs 2016-2019), spanning a 4° latitudinal gradient in Western Australia (30-34°S), expecting the biggest changes to the communities in the lower latitudes, where the cumulative effect of MHWs and warming is largest. The urchins Centrostephanus tenuispinus (warm temperate affinity) and Phyllacanthus irregularis (cool temperate affinity) showed trends toward opposite responses over time; while P. irregularis densities declined (non-significantly at all sites), C. tenuispinus densities increased (significantly at one of 3 sites). The magnitude of the responses appeared to decrease with increasing latitude, with C. tenuispinus recorded in significantly higher densities only at the lowest latitude location. Neither the densities, nor change in density over time of cool temperate gastropod Lunella torquatus and urchin Heliocidaris erythrogramma reflected a latitudinal gradient, suggesting other localized factors play a larger role in determining abundances of these species. However, size distributions of L. torquatus populations at the lower latitude locations were clearly impacted by the 2011 MHW, while those at higher latitudes remained relatively consistent. Overall, the biggest changes over time were seen at the warm edge of the temperate ecosystem. As temperatures continue to rise, the magnitude of these changes is not only expected to increase, but also to occur at higher latitudes.
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Keyter, Anna, and Vera Roos. "MENTAL HEALTH WORKERS' COPING STRATEGIES IN DEALING WITH CONTINUOUS SECONDARY TRAUMA." Southern African Journal of Social Work and Social Development 27, no. 3 (December 7, 2015): 365–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.25159/2415-5829/724.
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This study explored the coping strategies of mental health workers (MHWs) who are dealing continuously with traumatised children (younger than 18) and their families/caregivers. A convenience sample was used to recruit MHWs (female, n = 9; and male, n = 1; age range 26 to 57) at Childline Gauteng. Visual and textual data were obtained by using the Mmogo-Method®, a visual data collection method. Textual data were analysed thematically and visual data were analysed using a six-step visual method. Findings revealed that intrapersonal coping is facilitated by awareness of self, challenges and achievements, and by retrospective reflection, utilisation of resources, flexibility, positive virtues and protection of professional and personal boundaries. Relational coping is mediated by the reciprocal unconditional acceptance of and by family members and a supportive network of friends. The organisational norm of care facilitates coping through formal and informal discussions. Coping with continuous trauma requires facilitation on different levels.
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Li, Zeya, Neil J. Holbrook, Xuebin Zhang, Eric C. J. Oliver, and Eva A. Cougnon. "Remote Forcing of Tasman Sea Marine Heatwaves." Journal of Climate 33, no. 12 (June 15, 2020): 5337–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-19-0641.1.
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AbstractRecent marine heatwave (MHW) events in the Tasman Sea have had dramatic impacts on the ecosystems, fisheries, and aquaculture off Tasmania’s east coast. However, our understanding of the large-scale drivers (forcing) and potential predictability of MHW events in this region off southeast Australia is still in its infancy. Here, we investigate the role of oceanic Rossby waves forced in the interior South Pacific on observed MHW occurrences off southeast Australia from 1994 to 2016, including the extreme 2015/16 MHW event. First, we used an upper-ocean heat budget analysis to show that 51% of these historical Tasman Sea MHWs were primarily due to increased East Australian Current (EAC) Extension poleward transports through the region. Second, we used lagged correlation analysis to empirically connect the EAC Extension intensification to incoming westward-propagating sea surface height (SSH) anomalies from the interior South Pacific. Third, we dynamically analyzed these SSH anomalies using simple process-based baroclinic and barotropic Rossby wave models forced by wind stress curl changes across the South Pacific. Finally, we show that associated monthly SSH changes around New Zealand may be a useful index of western Tasman Sea MHW predictability, with a lead time of 2–3 years. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that there is potential predictability of advection-dominated MHW event likelihoods in the EAC Extension region up to several years in advance, due to the deterministic contribution from baroclinic and barotropic Rossby waves in modulating the EAC Extension transports.
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Huang, Chao, Hongmei Zhang, and Jianhu Zhao. "High-Efficiency Determination of Coastline by Combination of Tidal Level and Coastal Zone DEM from UAV Tilt Photogrammetry." Remote Sensing 12, no. 14 (July 8, 2020): 2189. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12142189.
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To meet the needs of coastline efficient extraction and dynamic monitoring, this paper proposes a new method for coastline extraction by combining the tidal level and the digital elevation model (DEM) of the coastal zone from tilt photography. Firstly, the DEM of coastal zone was obtained by using unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) tilt photography; at the same time, the accuracy of aerial triangulation(AT) is improved referencing to the constraint of water boundary points, and then the mean high water spring tide was obtained by combining tidal harmonic analysis and Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) tidal level. Finally, the coastline and the dynamic water-surface line are extracted from the DEM of the coastal zone by tracking the contour lines with the elevation of the mean high water springs (MHWS) and the instantaneous sea-surface elevation, respectively. The experiments carried out in the coastal zones of Liaoning Province, China, proved the proposed method and achieved better than 0.2 m of horizontal position accuracy and 0.1 m of the vertical accuracy.
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Do Quang Thong. "Synthesis of the Missile Homing System Taking into Account the Dynamic Characteristic of the Measurement Elements." Mekhatronika, Avtomatizatsiya, Upravlenie 20, no. 4 (April 10, 2019): 251–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.17587/mau.20.251-256.
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Several various missile homing systems (MHS) have been developed in recent years. However, to the best of our knowledge, these systems do not take into account the dynamic characteristics of the measurement elements (ME). Such existing systems can only work well when the MEs have a small inertia and large damping. Thus in general case, it is necessary to consider the dynamic characteristics of the MEs with the big inertia. In addition, using the MEs with the big inertia, the MHSs is able to remove the high-frequency noise. However, taking into account the dynamic properties of the MEs causes difficulties in determining the transfer function (PF) of the normal acceleration stability system and the synthesis of MHSs. Therefore, in this paper, we propose an effective mathematical model of the missile homing system, which takes into consideration the dynamic characteristics of the MEs. In addition, this model allows synthesizing the high accuracy MHSs, and utilizing the MEs with the inertia equivalent to the inertia of the rudder actuator. To accomplish that, the proposed system is composed of two stages. In the first stage, the MHSs, which do not incorporate the dynamic characteristics of the MEs, is presented in detail. Then, we analyze and estimate the effect of the dynamic characteristics of the MEs on the performance of the MHSs. In the second stage, we propose a novel MHS, which takes into account the dynamic characteristics of the MEs. The proposed system is implemented based on the basic functions in the Control system toolbox in MATLAB, and designed by the parametric optimization method. The simulation results indicate that, our proposed system outperforms the conventional MHSs in term of reducing the negative effects of the dynamic characteristic of the MEs on the quality of the MHS.
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Hassanzadeh Vayghan, Vahid, Ali Saber, and Soroosh Mortazavian. "Modification of Classical Horseshoe Spillways: Experimental Study and Design Optimization." Civil Engineering Journal 5, no. 10 (October 7, 2019): 2093–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/cej-2019-03091396.
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Investigation of the hydraulic aspects of spillways is one of the important issues regarding hydraulic structures. This study presents a modified horseshoe spillway (MHS) constructed by adding a flow passage and an internal weir in the bed of a classical horseshoe spillway (CHS). This modification increased the discharge efficiency and eliminated the rooster-tail hydraulic jump in CHSs. Eighteen laboratory-scale MHSs in various geometric sizes, six various CHSs, and a rectangular weir of the same width were constructed and tested under the same flow conditions. Results showed that in terms of discharge efficiency and water head reduction, CHSs and MHSs were superior to the rectangular weir. Compared to CHSs, the increased discharge flowrate in MHSs due to the internal weirs could further reduce the water head and thus increased their overall efficiencies. Design parameters effecting spillways’ discharge efficiencies were investigated based on dimensional analysis. The internal to external weir length ratio in MHSs was found to be a key design factor. To determine the optimal geometric design of CHS and MHS models, cubic polynomial models considering dimensionless parameters and their interactions were fitted to the experimental results. The cubic models revealed that higher discharge efficiencies in MHSs tended to occur at relatively low water heads and high internal to external weir lengths ratios.
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Luigjes-Huizer, Yvonne L., Marije L. van der Lee, Niek J. de Wit, and Charles W. Helsper. "Study protocol of the BLANKET trial: a cluster randomised controlled trial on the (cost-) effectiveness of a primary care intervention for fear of cancer recurrence in cancer survivors." BMJ Open 9, no. 12 (December 2019): e032616. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-032616.
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IntroductionMany successfully treated patients with cancer suffer from fear of cancer recurrence (FCR), affecting their quality of life and their physical, emotional, cognitive and social functioning. Effective psychological interventions for FCR exist but are not widely available, as they are typically offered by specialised psycho-oncology professionals and institutes. Concurrently, the role of primary care in cancer and survivorship care is increasing. Therefore, there could be a role for general practitioners (GPs) and mental health workers (MHWs) working in primary care in supporting patients with FCR. In the current study, the effectiveness of a primary care delivered FCR intervention will be evaluated.Methods and analysisA two-armed cluster randomised trial will be conducted. The primary outcome will be FCR severity; secondary outcomes will be FCR-related distress, healthcare uptake and healthcare costs. Primary care practices in the Netherlands will be invited to participate in the study. Participating practices will be stratified by size and socioeconomic status and randomised. In the control arm, practices will provide care as usual. In the intervention arm, practices will offer the cognitive–behavioural FCR intervention that is being studied, which consists of an intake with the GP and five sessions with the MHW. Patients who have finished successful curative treatment for cancer between 3 months and 10 years ago will be invited to participate in the study by invitation letter from their GPs. Participating patients will fill out questionnaires at baseline, after 3 months and after 12 months. Data on healthcare use will be collected from their electronic health records. Qualitative interviews are held at T1 with patients and practitioners in the intervention group.Ethics and disseminationThe Medical Research Ethics Committee (METC) Utrecht has reviewed the study in accordance with the Dutch Medical Research Involving Human Subjects Act (WMO) and other applicable Dutch and European regulations. Based on the requirements of the WMO, the METC Utrecht has issued an approval of the above-mentioned study. Any protocol amendments will be communicated to all relevant parties. Written consent is obtained from study participants. Results will be dispersed through peer-reviewed publications and scientific presentations.Trial registration numberNL7573 in the Netherlands Trial Register on 25-02-2019.
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Nussbaum, Maury A., Don B. Chaffin, and Gerri Baker. "Effects of Pacing on Spinal Loads When Using Material Handling Systems." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 41, no. 1 (October 1997): 652–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071181397041001143.
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Material Handling Systems (MHSs) are a potentially simple approach toward alleviating physical loads and injuries associated with manual material handling. There are, however, relatively few empirical guidelines or evaluations of MHSs that support effective design and implementation. A particular problem with MHSs is the substantial dynamic loading that can result when tasks are attempted at rates comparable to those in manual operations. To investigate such speed effects, a laboratory study was performed in which several biomechanical indices were obtained while volunteer subjects performed a variety of elemental MHS transfer operations. Results indicated that moderate increases in execution speed, on the order of 20%, will be associated with ∼10% increase in spine forces, and also increases in torso muscle antagonism.
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Wang, Dong, Bin Gong, and Yujing Jiang. "The Distinct Elemental Analysis of the Microstructural Evolution of a Methane Hydrate Specimen under Cyclic Loading Conditions." Energies 12, no. 19 (September 27, 2019): 3694. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12193694.
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Submarine slope instability may be triggered by earthquakes and tsunamis. Methane hydrate sediments (MHS) are commonly buried under submarine slopes. Submarine slides would probably be triggered once the MHS are damaged under cyclic loading conditions. For this reason, it is essential to research the mechanical response of MHSs under dynamic loading conditions. In this study, a series of drained cyclic biaxial compressive tests with constant stress amplitudes were numerically carried out with the distinct element method (DEM). The cyclic loading number decreased as the hydrate saturation (Sh) increased when the MHS were damaged. The failure mode of the MHS was shown to be dependent on the dynamic stress amplitude and hydrate saturation. The microstructure of MHS during the cyclic loading shear process was also analyzed. The results can help us to understand the mechanical behavior of MHS during the cyclic loading process and develop micromechanical-based constitutive models.
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Sahu, Anoop Kumar, Atul Kumar Sahu, and Nitin Kumar Sahu. "Appraisements of material handling system in context of fiscal and environment extent." International Journal of Logistics Management 28, no. 1 (February 13, 2017): 2–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijlm-09-2015-0163.
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Purpose In present research, the authors conducted the massive literature review and collected the information, in regards to material handling system (MHS) to build a multi criteria MHS hierarchical module consists of ecological cum fiscal criteria. Moreover, similar literature review assisted the authors to resolve and eventually construct the effectual and robust approach. The purpose of this paper is to facilitate the managers for benchmarking the MHS alternatives operating under similar module via robust decision support system (DSS). Design/methodology/approach In present research, the proposed module dealt with ecological (subjective) and fiscal (objective) criteria, where subjective criteria associated with incompleteness, vagueness, imprecision, as well as inconsistency, solicited the discrete information in terms of Grey set via linguistic scale from experts panel. The objective information (capital) has been assigned by expert’s panel in terms of Grey set. To robustly evaluate and select the admirable MHS, three approaches named: degree of possibility, technique for order preference similar to ideal solution as well as Grey relational analysis fruitfully applied to connect and unite discrete information. Findings The performance evaluation of MHSs has been carried out under concert of individual fiscal criteria excluding ecological criteria in past researches. Moreover the previous developed DSS tackled sole approach under individual fiscal criteria. The authors found the broad applications of fuzzy sets except Grey set theory in the same context for measuring the performance of MHS alternatives. Aforesaid research gaps have been transformed into research objectives by incorporating the module for both fiscal cum ecological criteria. This research embraces a robust DSS, which has been explored to select the admirable MHS alternative. Originality/value An empirical case study has been carried out in order to demonstrate the legitimacy of holistic Grey-MCDM method, implemented over multi criteria MHS hierarchical module. Proposed DSS seems to be the best for organisations, which believe to appraise and select the MHS including fiscal as well as ecological criteria excluding individual fiscal criteria. Moreover, subjective cum objective or individual subjective or objective criteria can be extended with respect to varieties of MHSs.
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Liang, Y., M. N. Ahmad Mohiddin, R. Bahauddin, F. O. Hidayatul, W. A. Nazni, H. L. Lee, and D. Greenhalgh. "Modelling the Effect of a Novel Autodissemination Trap on the Spread of Dengue in Shah Alam and Malaysia." Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine 2019 (August 4, 2019): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/1923479.
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In this paper, we will start off by introducing the classical Ross–Macdonald model for vector-borne diseases which we use to describe the transmission of dengue between humans and Aedes mosquitoes in Shah Alam, which is a city and the state capital of Selangor, Malaysia. We will focus on analysing the effect of using the Mosquito Home System (MHS), which is an example of an autodissemination trap, in reducing the number of dengue cases by changing the Ross–Macdonald model. By using the national dengue data from Malaysia, we are able to estimate λ, which represents the initial growth rate of the dengue epidemic, and this allows us to estimate the number of mosquitoes in Malaysia. A mathematical expression is also constructed which allows us to estimate the potential number of breeding sites of Aedes mosquitoes. By using the data available from the MHS trial carried out in Section 15 of Shah Alam, we included the potential effect of the MHS into the dengue model and thus modelled the impact MHS has on the spread of dengue within the trial area. We then extended our results to analyse the effect of the MHSs on reducing the number of dengue cases in the whole of Malaysia. A new model was constructed with a basic reproduction number, R0,MalaMHS, which allows us to identify the required MHSs coverage needed to achieve extinction in Malaysia. Numerical simulations and tables of results were also produced to illustrate our results.
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Naboureh, Khadijeh, and Ehram Safari. "A Stochastic Location-Allocation Model for Specialized Services in a Multihospital System." Advances in Operations Research 2016 (2016): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/3090758.
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Rising costs, increasing demand, wasteful spending, and limited resources in the healthcare industry lead to an increasing pressure on hospital administrators to become as efficient as possible in all aspects of their operations including location-allocation. Some promising strategies for tackling these challenges are joining some hospitals to form multihospital systems (MHSs), specialization, and using the benefits of pooling resources. We develop a stochastic optimization model to determine the number, capacity, and location of hospitals in a MHS offering specialized services while they leverage benefits of pooling resources. The model minimizes the total cost borne by the MHS and its patients and incorporates patient service level, patient retention rates, and type of demand. Some computational analyses are carried out to gauge the benefits of optimally sharing resources for delivering specialized services across a subset of hospitals in the MHS against complete decentralization (CD) and full centralization (FC) policies.
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Richards, David A., Shelley Rhodes, David Ekers, Dean McMillan, Rod S. Taylor, Sarah Byford, Barbara Barrett, et al. "Cost and Outcome of BehaviouRal Activation (COBRA): a randomised controlled trial of behavioural activation versus cognitive–behavioural therapy for depression." Health Technology Assessment 21, no. 46 (August 2017): 1–366. http://dx.doi.org/10.3310/hta21460.
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BackgroundDepression is a common, debilitating and costly disorder. The best-evidenced psychological therapy – cognitive–behavioural therapy (CBT) – is complex and costly. A simpler therapy, behavioural activation (BA), may be an effective alternative.ObjectivesTo determine the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of BA compared with CBT for depressed adults at 12 and 18 months’ follow-up, and to investigate the processes of treatments.DesignRandomised controlled, non-inferiority trial stratified by depression severity, antidepressant use and recruitment site, with embedded process evaluation; and randomisation by remote computer-generated allocation.SettingThree community mental health services in England.ParticipantsAdults aged ≥ 18 years with major depressive disorder (MDD) recruited from primary care and psychological therapy services.InterventionsBA delivered by NHS junior mental health workers (MHWs); CBT by NHS psychological therapists.OutcomesPrimary: depression severity (as measured via the Patient Health Questionnaire-9; PHQ-9) at 12 months. Secondary: MDD status; number of depression-free days; anxiety (as measured via the Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7); health-related quality of life (as measured via the Short Form questionnaire-36 items) at 6, 12 and 18 months; and PHQ-9 at 6 and 18 months, all collected by assessors blinded to treatment allocation. Non-inferiority margin was 1.9 PHQ-9 points. We undertook intention-to-treat (ITT) and per protocol (PP) analyses. We explored cost-effectiveness by collecting direct treatment and other health- and social-care costs and calculating quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) using the EuroQol-5 Dimensions, three-level version, at 18 months.ResultsWe recruited 440 participants (BA,n = 221; CBT,n = 219); 175 (79%) BA and 189 (86%) CBT participants provided ITT data and 135 (61%) BA and 151 (69%) CBT participants provided PP data. At 12 months we found that BA was non-inferior to CBT {ITT: CBT 8.4 PHQ-9 points [standard deviation (SD) 7.5 PHQ-9 points], BA 8.4 PHQ-9 points (SD 7.0 PHQ-9 points), mean difference 0.1 PHQ-9 points, 95% confidence interval (CI) –1.3 to 1.5 PHQ-9 points,p = 0.89; PP: CBT 7.9 PHQ-9 points (SD 7.3 PHQ-9 points), BA 7.8 PHQ-9 points (SD 6.5 PHQ-9 points), mean difference 0.0 PHQ-9 points, 95% CI –1.5 to 1.6 PHQ-9 points,p = 0.99}. We found no differences in secondary outcomes. We found a significant difference in mean intervention costs (BA, £975; CBT, £1235;p < 0.001), but no differences in non-intervention (hospital, community health, social care and medication costs) or total (non-intervention plus intervention) costs. Costs were lower and QALY outcomes better in the BA group, generating an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of –£6865. The probability of BA being cost-effective compared with CBT was almost 80% at the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence’s preferred willingness-to-pay threshold of £20,000–30,000 per QALY. There were no trial-related adverse events.LimitationsIn this pragmatic trial many depressed participants in both groups were also taking antidepressant medication, although most had been doing so for a considerable time before entering the trial. Around one-third of participants chose not to complete a PP dose of treatment, a finding common in both psychotherapy trials and routine practice.ConclusionsWe found that BA is as effective as CBT, more cost-effective and can be delivered by MHWs with no professional training in psychological therapies.Future workSettings and countries with a paucity of professionally qualified psychological therapists, might choose to investigate the delivery of effective psychological therapy for depression without the need to develop an extensive and costly professional infrastructure.Trial registrationCurrent Controlled Trials ISRCTN27473954.FundingThis project was funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment programme and will be published in full inHealth Technology Assessment; Vol. 21, No. 46. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information.
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Yu, Wei, Hui Jian Li, Chang Jun He, and Xi Liang. "Experimental and Theoretical Study of Metallic Hollow Sphere with Medium Thick Wall." Applied Mechanics and Materials 29-32 (August 2010): 613–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.29-32.613.
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. Metallic hollow sphere (MHS) material is a new type of cellular material characterized by super-light, high specific stiffness and strength, the ability to absorb noise and energy, thermal insulation. It had been widely used in engineering, i.e. automobile, aircraft, civil and military. The basic unit of MHS cellular material was small metallic hollow sphere in macro, and the instability of sphere shell is always the most difficult problem in mechanical field. In this paper, we explored the internal factors and the principle of this phenomenon though the methods of theoretical and experimental. The equation of deformation of MHS was derived. It had shown that the nominal strain was related to the radius of the shell and loads, and the nominal stress was connected with the radius, load and the thickness of shell wall. A series of quasi-static uniaxial compression tests were progressed for a group of single MHSs, which radii were 4mm, 5mm and 7mm. It was found that the deformation planes are circle and symmetry both top and bottom, and the curves of nominal stress-strain were similar to a half parabola. There was a perfectly uniformity of the theoretical model and the experimental results.
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Gutiérrez-Colosía, M. R., L. Salvador-Carulla, J. A. Salinas-Pérez, C. R. García-Alonso, J. Cid, D. Salazzari, I. Montagni, et al. "Standard comparison of local mental health care systems in eight European countries." Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences 28, no. 2 (September 18, 2017): 210–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2045796017000415.
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Aims.There is a need of more quantitative standardised data to compare local Mental Health Systems (MHSs) across international jurisdictions. Problems related to terminological variability and commensurability in the evaluation of services hamper like-with-like comparisons and hinder the development of work in this area. This study was aimed to provide standard assessment and comparison of MHS in selected local areas in Europe, contributing to a better understanding of MHS and related allocation of resources at local level and to lessen the scarcity in standard service comparison in Europe. This study is part of the Seventh Framework programme REFINEMENT (Research on Financing Systems’ Effect on the Quality of Mental Health Care in Europe) project.Methods.A total of eight study areas from European countries with different systems of care (Austria, England, Finland, France, Italy, Norway, Romania, Spain) were analysed using a standard open-access classification system (Description and Evaluation of Services for Long Term Care in Europe, DESDE-LTC). All publicly funded services universally accessible to adults (≥18 years) with a psychiatric disorder were coded. Care availability, diversity and capacity were compared across these eight local MHS.Results.The comparison of MHS revealed more community-oriented delivery systems in the areas of England (Hampshire) and Southern European countries (Verona – Italy and Girona – Spain). Community-oriented systems with a higher proportion of hospital care were identified in Austria (Industrieviertel) and Scandinavian countries (Sør-Trøndelag in Norway and Helsinki-Uusimaa in Finland), while Loiret (France) was considered as a predominantly hospital-based system. The MHS in Suceava (Romania) was still in transition to community care.Conclusions.There is a significant variation in care availability and capacity across MHS of local areas in Europe. This information is relevant for understanding the process of implementation of community-oriented mental health care in local areas. Standard comparison of care provision in local areas is important for context analysis and policy planning.
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Pulido Nossa, Diego Armando, Armando De Lisa Bornachera, Dagoberto David Viteri, and Richard Guzmán Martínez. "Determinación de los datums de referencia vertical con fines hidrográficos para la Bahía de Cartagena." Boletín Científico CIOH, no. 31 (December 5, 2013): 175–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.26640/22159045.258.
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El Centro de Investigaciones Oceanográficas e Hidrográficas del Caribe (CIOH), en representación de la Dirección General Marítima (Dimar), autoridad marítima nacional, comprometida con los procesos de reglamentación y estandarización de las actividades que se realizan en la jurisdicción del puerto de Cartagena, especialmente los levantamientos de información batimétrica que se realizan en la Bahía de Cartagena, definió los datums o niveles de referencia vertical hidrográficos basándose en una metodología que combina la utilización de datos históricos, correspondientes al año 2011, de nivel de agua registrados por la estación mareográfica ubicada en el muelle del CIOH en la Bahía de Cartagena, cálculos matemáticos con los registros obtenidos y resultados de trabajos de campo, para relacionar la red geodésica nacional con los niveles verticales obtenidos. De esta forma se generó el metadato que permite referir un levantamiento hidrográfico a los niveles determinados acorde a la necesidad y/o propósito final del trabajo.
Los datums obtenidos fueron: MLWS (promedio de las bajamares de sicigia), utilizado para la referenciación de la cartografía náutica oficial colombiana; LAT (marea astronómica más baja) y MSL (nivel medio del mar). Todos los ante¬riores corresponden a datums recomendados por la Organización Hidrográfica Internacional (OHI) para la referenciación vertical de levantamientos hidrográficos, especialmente el MLWS y el LAT. Adicionalmente se calcularon los datums MHWS (promedio de las pleamares de sicigia) y HAT (marea astronómica más alta). Además de los fines de generación cartográfica, los resultados obtenidos permitirán ampliar el rango de productos, análisis y estudios que se derivan del cálculo, im¬plementación y estandarización de los niveles verticales, como es el caso de las fusiones con datos espaciales producto de levantamientos en tierra, utilización de la metodología para medición de ascensos y descensos del nivel de agua por medio de tecnología GNSS RTK; siendo ésta la de más alta precisión disponible en la actualidad en el desarrollo de levantamientos hidrográficos en el ámbito mundial, por parte de la Dimar, contar con el soporte técnico para exigir la estandarización a un mismo nivel de referencia vertical,de los levantamientos hidrográficos que realizan entidades externas generando un control eficiente que resolverá definitivamente discrepancias que se han presentado constantemente cuando se confrontan productos de distintas entidades.
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Vyas, Paresh, Boris Guyot, Veronica Valverde-Garduno, Eduardo Anguita, Isla Hamlett, and Catherine Porcher. "Lineage-Specific Transcriptional Regulation of GATA1 Is Dependent on Lineage-Specific Utilisation of Multiple Cis-Elements and Haematopoietic Transcription Factors." Blood 104, no. 11 (November 16, 2004): 1610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v104.11.1610.1610.
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Abstract Normal differentiation of red cells, platelets and eosinophils from a myeloid progenitor requires expression of the transcription factor GATA1. Moreover, GATA1 expression level influences lineage output; higher levels promote erythromegakaryocytic differentiation and lower levels eosinophil maturation. Conversely, repression of GATA1 expression is required for monocyte/neutrophil development. GATA1 expression is principally controlled transcriptionally. Thus, dissecting the molecular basis of transcriptional control of GATA1 expression will be one important facet in understanding how myeloid lineages are specified. To address this question we sought to identify all DNA sequences important for GATA1 expression. Previous analysis identified 3 murine (m)Gata1 cis-elements (an upstream enhancer, mHS-3.5, a haematopoietic IE promoter and elements in a GATA1 intron, mHS+3.5) conserved in sequence between human(h) and mouse. These studies also suggested additional unidentified elements were required for erythroid and eosinophil GATA1 expression. We compared sequence, mapped DNase I hypersensitive sites (HS) and determined histone H3/H4 acetylation over ~120 kb flanking the hGATA1 locus and corresponding region in mouse to pinpoint cis-elements. Remarkably, despite lying in a ~10 MB conserved syntenic segment, the chromatin structures of both GATA1 loci are strikingly different. Two previously unidentified haematopoietic cis-elements, one in each species (mHS-25 and hHS+14), are not conserved in position and sequence and have enhancer activity in erythroid cells. Chromatin immunoprecipitation studies show both mHS-25 and hHS+14 are bound in vivo in red cells by the transcription factors GATA1, SCL, LMO2, Ldb1. These findings suggest that some cis-elements regulating human and mouse GATA1 genes differ. Further analysis of in vivo transcription factor occupancy at GATA1 cis-elements in primary mouse eosinophils and red cells, megakaryocytic cells (L8057) and control fibroblasts show lineage- and cis-element-specific patterns of regulator binding (see table below). In red cells and megakaryocytes, GATA1, SCL, LMO2 and Ldb1 bind at two regulatory elements (mhHS-25 and mHS-3.5). Interestingly, the megakaryocyte transcriptional regulator Fli1 factor binds to mHS+3.5 specifically in megakaryocytes. In eosinophils, a different pattern of DNase I HS and transcription factor binding is seen. GATA1, PU.1 and C/EBPe (all regulate eosinophil gene expression) bind IE promoter and/or mHS+3.5. Collectively, these results suggest lineage-specific GATA1 expession is dependent on combinations of cis-elements and haematopoietic trans-acting factors that are unique for each lineage. DNase I Hypersensitive sites and transcription factor occupancy at mGATA1 cis-elements. mHS-26/-25* mHS-3.5 mIE mHS+3.5 m: mouse, h: human, *: HS identified in this study, TF: transcription factor Primary erythroid cells HS present, GATA1, SCL, LMO2, Ldb1 HS present, GATA1, SCL, LMO2, Ldb1 HS present, GATA1 HS present, GATA1 Megakaryocytic cells HS present, GATA1, SCL, LMO2, Ldb1 HS present, GATA1, SCL, LMO2, Ldb1 HS present, GATA1 HS present, GATA1 and Fli1 Primary eosinophils HS absent HS present, No TF detected HS present, GATA1 and C/EBPε HS present, GATA1, C/EBP ε and PU.1 Fibroblasts HS absent HS absent HS absent HS absent
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Foley, J. F. "MHCs and TLRs." Science Signaling 4, no. 170 (April 26, 2011): ec118-ec118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/scisignal.4170ec118.
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Kalkbrenner, Michael Thomas. "Recognizing and Supporting Students with Mental Health Disorders: The REDFLAGS Model." Journal of Education and Training 3, no. 1 (September 6, 2015): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jet.v3i1.8141.
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<p class="2M-body">The increasing prevalence of Mental Health Disorders (MHDs) and campus violence tragedies has called attention to the issue of MHDs on college campuses. The current article provides an overview of the prevalence and severity of MHDs among college students. In addition, a review of the most common MHDs on college campuses is included. Students with MHDs are at increased risks for a variety of negative consequences. Students who received treatment for MHDs reported a more positive daily functioning and demonstrated significantly higher retention rates. However, a large proportion of the students who are living with MHDs do not receive treatment. Furthermore, college counselors typically only interact with a small proportion of the students who are living with MHDs. Faculty members have more frequent interactions with students and are a valuable resource for recognizing students who are living with MHDs. The REDFLAGS Model, an acronym that identifies eight behavioral indicators of MHDs in students is introduced. A description of how educators can use the REDFLAGS Model as a tool for recognizing signs of MHDs in their students is described. It is not recommended that educators provide treatment for MHDs to their students. Rather, educators can use The REDFLAGS Model to recognize signs of MHDs in students and support them by making referrals to the college counseling center or to other resources. A resource list of mental health support services that are available for college students is included. The resource list can be customized to include resources at specific universities in particular geographic areas.</p>
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Jadi, Othmane, Hancong Tang, Junke Wang, Dante Bortone, Steven Vensko, Loreall Pooler, Xin Sheng, et al. "Associations of Clinical Outcomes after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation with Number of Predicted Class II Restricted mHA." Blood 136, Supplement 1 (November 5, 2020): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2020-142017.
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Background: Leukemia relapse after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (alloHCT) has been associated with loss of heterozygosity of class II HLA, suggesting that T cells targeting leukemia via class II interactions may be critical for graft-vs-leukemia (GvL) effects and protection from relapse (Zeiser & Vago, 2019). Therefore, we aimed to determine whether the number of predicted class-II restricted minor histocompatibility antigens (mHAs) in alloHCT recipients associates with clinical outcome. Specifically, we investigated: (1) if the number of mHAs expressed on leukemia and bone marrow cells (GvL mHAs) is correlated with incidence of leukemia relapse, and/or (2) if mHAs expressed on acute graft versus host disease (GvHD) target organs (GvH mHAs) correlated with incidence of GvHD. We expected increased GvL mHAs to be associated with increased survival, and increased GvH mHAs to be associated with increased incidence of GvHD. Methods: The study population was derived from donor-recipient alloHCT pairs (DRPs) treated for Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML), Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL), and Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS) from the CIBMTR and previously analyzed in DISCOVeRY-BMT. To predict HLA class II restricted mHAs in alloHCT recipients, we translated nonsynonymous single nucleotide variants present in each recipient, but absent in their respective donor, into all possible peptides 15-24 amino acids long. We used netMHCIIpan to score these peptides and select those most likely to be presented (Reynisson et al., 2020). Predicted mHAs highly expressed in skin, hepatobiliary, and bowel tissues were classified as GvH mHAs, and those highly expressed highly in, testis, and bone marrow were classified as GvL mHAs. The impact of mHA on disease related mortality (DRM), leukemia free survival (LFS), disease relapse and death due to GVHD were assessed with competing risk models. We next determined whether knowledge of the number of GvL and GvH mHAs improves the ability of models to predict clinical outcome. We fit optimal logistic regression models (elastic net regularization with Monte Carlo cross validation) to predict GvHD mortality and relapse mortality at 1 year after alloHCT using: (1) clinical data only, and (2) both clinical data and number of GvH/GvL mHAs. Lastly, using the same regularization and cross-validation procedures as above, we determined which variables contributed most to the Cox regression models of overall survival. Results: The number of GvL-restricted and GvH-restricted class-II mHAs were significantly correlated (Figure 1). Patients who died of disease before 1 year after alloHCT had significantly fewer GvL mHAs when controlling for covariates (HR=.89, 95% CI .89, .99, P= 0.04) (Figure 2). There was no association between GvL mHAs and LFS or relapse. Surprisingly, death due to GvHD by 1 year after alloHCT was lower for recipients with more GvL mHAs (HR=.88, 95% CI= .76, 1.01 , P=.08) (Figure 3), however, because GvH and GvL mHAs are highly correlated, we believe this reflects better overall survival associated with increased GvL mHAs. Neither the predictive models that included the number of GvH/GvL mHAs nor the Cox regression models fitted with GvL mHA numbers performed better than models trained on clinical data alone (Figure 4). Conclusions: GvL mHAs were inversely associated with DRM at 1-year post-alloHCT as expected. Contrary to our hypothesis, the number of GvH mHAs was inversely associated with GvHD mortality at 1 year. This may reflect better overall survival associated with increased GvL mHAs, as GvH and GvL mHAs are highly correlated. The potential association between class-II mHAs and DRM warrant further investigation and validation. If validated, this supports the development of class-II mHA targeted immunotherapies. Disclosures Pasquini: Bristol Myers Squibb: Consultancy; BMS: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Amgen: Other; Novartis: Research Funding; Kite: Research Funding. Armistead:GeneCentric: Consultancy; Cell Microsystems: Patents & Royalties: Patent application U.S. 16/347,104 "Automated collection of a specified number of cells". Vincent:GeneCentric Therapeutics: Consultancy.
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Zhao, Yue, Shizhao Kang, Pingping Yao, Yi Zhao, Xiangnong Liu, Yuxiang Yang, and Chaoying Ni. "Construction of Carbon Dots Coated Magnetic Hollow Silica Spheres." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 19, no. 11 (November 1, 2019): 7456–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2019.16673.
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Magnetic hollow silica spheres (MHSS) with uniform cavity size and shell thickness were prepared using functionalized SiO2 spheres as templates, on which the magnetic particles were uniformly deposited on their surface. The obtained MHSS exhibited a super-paramagnetic behavior at room temperature. Due to large hollow cavity space and super-paramagnetic characteristics, the MHSS were coated with carbon dots with assistance of (3-Aminopropyl) trimethoxysilane (APS). Thus, the preparedMHSS were mixed with citric acid and APS, followed by hydrothermal reaction at 180 °C, to generate carbon quantum dots coated MHSS (MHSS@CDs). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray powder scattering (XRD), X-ray energy dispersive spectral analysis (EDS), Raman spectra and laser scattering particle analyzer were applied to characterize the MHSS and MHSS@CDs.
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Baron, Samuel, Mohammed Samim, Christopher Burke, Robert Meislin, and Thomas Youm, Daniel Kaplan. "Decreased Hip Labral Width Measured via Preoperative MRI is Associated with Inferior Outcomes for Arthroscopic Labral Repair." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 8, no. 7_suppl6 (July 1, 2020): 2325967120S0038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967120s00386.
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Objectives: There are few pre-operative prognostic factors for hip labral repair outcomes. The objective of this study was to determine if hip labrum width measured on MRI was predictive of outcomes Methods: A retrospective review of prospectively gathered hip arthroscopy patients from 2010 to 2017 was performed. Inclusion criteria was defined as: patients >18 years old with radiographic evidence of femoroacetabular impingement who underwent a primary labral repair with >2 years of follow-up. Exclusion criteria was defined as: inadequate imaging, prior hip surgery, Tonnis grade ≥2 or lateral central edge angle <25 degrees. An a-priori power analysis was performed. MRI measurements of labral width were conducted by two blinded musculoskeletal fellowship-trained radiologists at standardized “clockface” locations using a previously validated technique. Outcomes were assessed using the Harris Hip Score (HHS), Modified HHS (mHSS), and NonArthritic Hip Score (NAHS). For mHHS, a minimal clinically important difference (MCID) and Patient Acceptable Symptomatic State (PASS) of 8 and 74 were used, respectively. Patients were divided into groups by labral width of ≤4mm and >4mm. Statistical analysis was performed using: linear and polynomial regression, Mann-Whitney U, Fischer exact, and interclass-correlation coefficients (ICC) testing Results: One hundred and three patients (107 hips) met criteria (mean age 39.4years+/-17, BMI 25.0+/-4, 51%right-sided, 68%female). Mean labrum measurements and number of patients with ≤4mm labrums at the 12:00 (indirect rectus), 3:00 (Psoas U), and 1:30 (point ½ between) positions were 7.1mm+/-2.2; 15 labrums≤4mm, 7.0 mm+/-2.0;13 labrums≤4mm, and 5.5+/-1.9; 27 labrums≤4mm, respectively. ICC agreements were good to excellent between readers at all positions (0.83-0.91,p<0.001). Pre-operative HHS, mHHS, and NAHS were not statistically different (p>0.05). Sex, laterality, and BMI had no significant effect on outcomes (p>0.05).HHS, mHHS, and NAHS scores were found to be significantly lower in the ≤4mm group at each location tested (p<0.001); including mHHS at the 12:00 (67vs87), 3:00, (69vs87) and 1:30 (74vs88) positions. The proportion of ≤4mm patients that reached MCID was significantly lower(p<0.001) at the 12:00 (47%vs91%), 3:00 (54%vs89%) and 1:30 (63%vs93%) positions. The proportion of ≤4mm patients above PASS was significantly lower (p<0.001) at the 12:00 (40%vs84%), 3:00 (31%vs84%) and 1:30 (52%vs86%) positions.Linear regression modelling was not significant at any position (p>0.05). Polynomial regression was significant at the 12:00 (R2=0.23,p<0.001), 3:00 (R2=0.17,p<0.001), and 1:30 (R2=0.26,p<0.001). Conclusion: A non-linear relationship may exist between labral width and patient outcomes following labral repair. Labrum width of ≤4mm measured via MRI may negatively impact labral repair outcomes. Future research may determine if torn labrums ≤4mm should be reconstructed instead of repaired.
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Lee, Ji Hyae, Brad E. Zacharia, Djibril Ba, Douglas Leslie, Guodong Liu, and Neerav Goyal. "Mental Health Disorders Associated with Sinonasal and Skull Base Malignancies: A Large Cohort Study." Journal of Neurological Surgery Part B: Skull Base 81, no. 02 (March 19, 2019): 187–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1679889.
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Abstract Objective The main purpose of this article is to examine the prevalence, incidence, sociodemographic, and clinical characteristics of mental health disorders (MHDs) among patients with skull base malignancies. Design Retrospective cohort study. Settings/Participants Six-thousand seven-hundred sixty sinonasal/skull base cancer patients in the MarketScan database between 2005 and 2014. Main Outcome Measures Frequency of MHDs pre- and post-diagnosis in patients harboring sinonasal/skull base malignancies. Results A significant increase in MHDs was noted from pre- to post-cancer diagnosis (22 vs 31%, p < 0.0001). Despite an increase in the prevalence rate, the demographic profile of patients with MHDs post-diagnosis remained similar to pre-diagnosis. Those patients harboring MHDs were, however, more likely to be women (62.7 vs 47.4%), and carry a history of smoking (40.9 vs 26.3%) than those without MHDs. These comparisons were statistically significant (p < 0.0001). Conclusion The prevalence of MHDs increases following a diagnosis of a sinonasal/skull base malignancy. Patients with MHDs were more likely to be women and smokers.
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NAGAO, RYOICHI. "The postoperative stomach in MHTS." Japanese journal of MHTS 12, no. 4 (1985): 297–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.7143/jhep1985.12.297.
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Luo, Ruiping, Zijie Feng, Guannan Shen, Yi Xiu, Yukun Zhou, Xiaodi Niu, and Hongsu Wang. "Acetylcholinesterase Biosensor Based On Mesoporous Hollow Carbon Spheres/Core-Shell Magnetic Nanoparticles-Modified Electrode for the Detection of Organophosphorus Pesticides." Sensors 18, no. 12 (December 14, 2018): 4429. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18124429.
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The present study investigated the synthesis of mesoporous hollow carbon spheres (MHCS) and magnetic mesoporous hollow carbon spheres with core-shell structures (Fe3O4@MHCS). Two acetylcholinesterase sensors (acetylcholinesterase/mesoporous hollow carbon spheres/glassy carbon electrode (AChE/MHCS/GCE) and acetylcholinesterase/core-shell magnetic mesoporous hollow carbon spheres/glassy carbon electrode (AChE/Fe3O4@MHCS/GCE) based on mesoporous carbon materials were prepared. Under the optimum conditions, using Malathion as the model compound, the developed biosensors showed a wide detection range, low detection limit, good reproducibility, and high stability. The AChE/MHCS/GCE electrochemical sensor response exhibited two good linear ranges at the incubation time of 10 min at the Malathion concentration ranges of 0.01 to 100 ppb and 100 to 600 ppb, with a detection limit of 0.0148 ppb (S/N = 3). The AChE/Fe3O4@MHCS/GCE electrochemical sensor that was operated with an incubation time of 12 min at the malathion concentration ranges between 0.01–50 ppb and 50–600 ppb had a detection limit of 0.0182 ppb (S/N = 3). Moreover, the AChE/MHCS/GCE and AChE/Fe3O4@MHCS/GCE biosensors were effective for the detection of real samples, and were demonstrated to be suitable for the field-testing of organophosphorus pesticide (OP) residues.
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Franzoi, Isabella Giulia, Antonella Granieri, Maria Domenica Sauta, Monica Agnesone, Marco Gonella, Roberto Cavallo, Piergiorgio Lochner, Nicola Luigi Bragazzi, and Andrea Naldi. "Anxiety, Post-Traumatic Stress, and Burnout in Health Professionals during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Comparing Mental Health Professionals and Other Healthcare Workers." Healthcare 9, no. 6 (May 27, 2021): 635. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9060635.
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The psychological impact of the pandemic on healthcare workers has been assessed worldwide, but there are limited data on how mental health professionals (MHPs) have been affected. Thus, this paper aims to investigate anxiety, post-traumatic stress, and burnout in a sample of MHPs. We conducted a descriptive, cross-sectional study on 167 participants: 56 MHPs, 57 physicians working closely with COVID-19 patients, and 54 physicians not working closely with such patients. MHPs reported good overall mental health. Most MHPs reported no post-traumatic stress, and their scores were significantly lower compared to HPs working closely with COVID-19 patients. MHPs’ hyperarousal scores were also significantly lower compared to HPs working closely with COVID-19 patients, while their intrusion scores were statistically significantly lower than those of all other professionals. Multivariable logistic regressions showed that MHPs had lower odds of exhibiting state anxiety and low personal accomplishment compared to HPs not working closely with COVID-19 patients. In sum, MHPs seem to show almost preserved mental health. Thus, given the high mental healthcare demand during a pandemic, it would be useful to rely on these professionals, especially for structuring interventions to improve and support the mental health of the general population and other healthcare workers.
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Elraz, Hadar. "Identity, mental health and work: How employees with mental health conditions recount stigma and the pejorative discourse of mental illness." Human Relations 71, no. 5 (September 8, 2017): 722–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0018726717716752.
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This article asks how identity is constructed for individuals with mental health conditions (MHCs) in the workplace. It takes especial regard to how MHCs are discursively situated, constructed and reconstructed in the workplace. Employees with MHCs face a difficult situation: not only do they need to deal with the stigma and discrimination commonly associated with MHCs, but they must also manage their health condition whilst adhering to organizational demands to demonstrate performance and commitment to work. Discourse analysis derived from 32 interviews with individuals with MHCs delineates how these individuals feel both stigmatized and empowered by their MHCs. The findings address three discursive strands: (i) a pejorative construction of mental illness in employment and society; (ii) contesting mental illness at work by embracing mental health management skills; and (iii) recounting mental illness through public disclosure and change. This article enhances understanding of how the construction of positive identity in the face of negative attributions associated with MHCs contributes to literature on identity, organizations and stigma as well as raising implications for policy and practice.
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Genilloud, Guy. "X.400 MHS." ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review 20, no. 2 (April 1990): 72–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/378570.378712.
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November, L. J. "Magnetohydrostatic (MHS) atmospheres." Astronomy & Astrophysics 417, no. 1 (March 16, 2004): 333–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361:20031776.
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Park, SungJun, Hye Hun Park, Sung Yeon Kim, Su Jung Kim, Kyoungja Woo, and GwangPyo Ko. "Antiviral Properties of Silver Nanoparticles on a Magnetic Hybrid Colloid." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 80, no. 8 (January 31, 2014): 2343–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.03427-13.
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ABSTRACTSilver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are considered to be a potentially useful tool for controlling various pathogens. However, there are concerns about the release of AgNPs into environmental media, as they may generate adverse human health and ecological effects. In this study, we developed and evaluated a novel micrometer-sized magnetic hybrid colloid (MHC) decorated with variously sized AgNPs (AgNP-MHCs). After being applied for disinfection, these particles can be easily recovered from environmental media using their magnetic properties and remain effective for inactivating viral pathogens. We evaluated the efficacy of AgNP-MHCs for inactivating bacteriophage ϕX174, murine norovirus (MNV), and adenovirus serotype 2 (AdV2). These target viruses were exposed to AgNP-MHCs for 1, 3, and 6 h at 25°C and then analyzed by plaque assay and real-time TaqMan PCR. The AgNP-MHCs were exposed to a wide range of pH levels and to tap and surface water to assess their antiviral effects under different environmental conditions. Among the three types of AgNP-MHCs tested, Ag30-MHCs displayed the highest efficacy for inactivating the viruses. The ϕX174 and MNV were reduced by more than 2 log10after exposure to 4.6 × 109Ag30-MHCs/ml for 1 h. These results indicated that the AgNP-MHCs could be used to inactivate viral pathogens with minimum chance of potential release into environment.
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Kwofie, Titus Ebenezer, Frank Fugar, Emmanuel Adinyira, and Divine Kwaku Ahadzie. "Identification and Classification of the Unique Features of Mass Housing Projects." Journal of Construction Engineering 2014 (October 23, 2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/927652.
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Mass housing projects (MHPs) are said to differ significantly from the “one-off” traditional building projects often encountered in the construction industry and thus require unique management skills and approach in MHPs delivery. This unique nature of MHPs contributes to managerial inefficiencies that result in delivery failures when management approaches are not adapted to the project characteristics. However, understanding and knowledge of the unique attributes of MHPs are critical towards improving the organisation, planning, managerial effectiveness, and delivery success of mass housing projects. To date, extensive studies establishing the unique features of mass housing projects are lacking. This study is set out to identify what constitutes the unique features of mass housing projects by comparing mass housing projects to traditional “one-off” building projects. A questionnaire survey was used to establish mass housing practitioners’ perception of the unique characteristics of MHPs. Data analysis involving mean scores and ANOVA revealed 10 unique features of MHP. A clear and systematic understanding of these unique features of MHPs is crucial for evolving effective project management practices and critical competencies towards successful delivery of current and future MHPs.
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Elraz, Hadar, and David Knights. "Learning to manage a mental health condition: Caring for the self and ‘normalizing’ identity at work." Management Learning 52, no. 4 (April 22, 2021): 466–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13505076211006618.
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This article examines the internal and external pressures to ‘normalize’ identity in relation to individuals experiencing mental health conditions (MHCs) at work. The data takes the form of three vignettes extracted from a larger empirical study of 60 interviews. These explore the tensions surrounding identity for individuals experiencing MHCs as well as their interventions to suppress exhibiting the condition. The analysis captures a number of competing meanings surrounding identity in relation to learning to care for the self and managing MHCs. Our contribution is to explore the relationships between learning to care for the self and the performativity of ‘normalizing’ identity in managing MHCs at work. It also provides a potential means of integrating Foucault’s ethics of caring for the self with the literature on identity in ways that can be illuminating for those who manage their MHCs and the demands of work through processes of ‘normalization’. This analysis offers theoretical insights regarding how identity work may be self-defeating in exacerbating MHCs and therefore is of some practical benefit for managers, health professionals and those experiencing MHCs since they often leave individuals with little choice but to intensify their attempts to ‘normalize’ their identities.
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Ogura-Tsujita, Yuki, Tomohisa Yukawa, and Akihiko Kinoshita. "Evolutionary histories and mycorrhizal associations of mycoheterotrophic plants dependent on saprotrophic fungi." Journal of Plant Research 134, no. 1 (January 2021): 19–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10265-020-01244-6.
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AbstractMycoheterotrophic plants (MHPs) are leafless, achlorophyllous, and completely dependent on mycorrhizal fungi for their carbon supply. Mycorrhizal symbiosis is a mutualistic association with fungi that is undertaken by the majority of land plants, but mycoheterotrophy represents a breakdown of this mutualism in that plants parasitize fungi. Most MHPs are associated with fungi that are mycorrhizal with autotrophic plants, such as arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) or ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi. Although these MHPs gain carbon via the common mycorrhizal network that links the surrounding autotrophic plants, some mycoheterotrophic lineages are associated with saprotrophic (SAP) fungi, which are free-living and decompose leaf litter and wood materials. Such MHPs are dependent on the forest carbon cycle, which involves the decomposition of wood debris and leaf litter, and have a unique biology and evolutionary history. MHPs associated with SAP fungi (SAP-MHPs) have to date been found only in the Orchidaceae and likely evolved independently at least nine times within that family. Phylogenetically divergent SAP Basidiomycota, mostly Agaricales but also Hymenochaetales, Polyporales, and others, are involved in mycoheterotrophy. The fungal specificity of SAP-MHPs varies from a highly specific association with a single fungal species to a broad range of interactions with multiple fungal orders. Establishment of symbiotic culture systems is indispensable for understanding the mechanisms underlying plant–fungus interactions and the conservation of MHPs. Symbiotic culture systems have been established for many SAP-MHP species as a pure culture of free-living SAP fungi is easier than that of biotrophic AM or ECM fungi. Culturable SAP-MHPs are useful research materials and will contribute to the advancement of plant science.
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Gryglewicz, Kim, Jason I. Chen, Gabriela D. Romero, Marc S. Karver, and Melissa Witmeier. "Online Suicide Risk Assessment and Management Training." Crisis 38, no. 3 (May 2017): 186–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/0227-5910/a000421.
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Abstract. Background: Many mental health professionals (MHPs) encounter youth at risk for suicide but lack knowledge and confidence to assist these individuals. Unfortunately, training for MHPs on suicide risk assessment and management is often not adequately accessible. Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate whether MHPs' knowledge, attitudes, perceived social norms, and perceived behavioral control in working with at-risk suicidal youth improve following an online training (QPRT: Question, Persuade, Refer, Treat). Method: QPRT was provided to 225 MHPs from three large urban areas in the United States. Suicide prevention literacy, attitudes, perceived social norms, and perceived behavioral control in assessing and managing suicide risk were assessed before and after training. Data were also collected on training engagement and completion. Results: Suicide prevention literacy in most competency domains and perceived behavioral control increased significantly after participation in QPRT. Suicide prevention attitudes and some knowledge domains did not significantly improve. MHPs reported high satisfaction with the training. Conclusion: The current study provides initial support for offering MHPs online suicide risk assessment and management training. Online training programs may be an engaging and feasible means for providing advanced suicide prevention skills to MHPs who may have numerous barriers to accessing face-to-face training.
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Sriharini, Wahyu, and Nurdina Nurdina. "The The Effect of Mental Disturbance Knowledge and Work Motivation on the Perception of Family Social Support and its Impact on the Performance of the Mental Health Cadres." Journal for Quality in Public Health 4, no. 2 (May 5, 2021): 49–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.30994/jqph.v4i2.182.
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Monitoring and evaluation survey data for the last three years shows motivation, perceptions of family social support and knowledge of mental disorders by Mental Health Cadres (MHCs) are still lacking . This will have an impact on the low performance of the MHCs duties. This study aims to analyze the effect of knowledge of mental disorders, work motivation and perceptions of social support from the family of People With Mental Disorders (PWMD) on the performance of MHCs, as well as mediating perceptions of social support for PWMD families on the influence of knowledge of mental disorders and work motivation on performance of MHC. The research subjects were 202 MHCs in Jombang Regency. Researcher developed the self-reports to measure of performance, work motivation and perceptions of family social support, as well as a mental disorder knowledge test. Research variable data were analyzed by path regression analysis. The results of the analysis show that knowledge of mental disorders, work motivation and perceptions of social support for PWMD families have a positive effect on performance of MHCs; The perception of social support from PWMD families does not mediate the effect of knowledge of mental disorders and work motivation on performance of MHCs. The research findings will be discussed in the context of the MHCs.
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Liu, Yong-Lin, Han-Peng Yin, Dong-Hai Qiu, Jian-Feng Qu, Huo-Hua Zhong, Zhi-Hao Lu, Fang Wang, Man-Qiu Liang, and Yang-Kun Chen. "Multiple hypointense vessels on susceptibility-weighted imaging predict early neurological deterioration in acute ischaemic stroke patients with severe intracranial large artery stenosis or occlusion receiving intravenous thrombolysis." Stroke and Vascular Neurology 5, no. 4 (June 24, 2020): 361–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/svn-2020-000343.
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Background and purposeEarly neurological deterioration (END) is a common feature in patients with acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) receiving thrombolysis. This study aimed to investigate whether the presence of multiple hypointense vessels (MHVs) on susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) could predict END in patients with the anterior circulation AIS treated with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (r-tPA).MethodsThis was a retrospective study focusing on AIS patients suffering from symptomatic stenosis or occlusion of the middle cerebral artery or internal carotid artery with r-tPA treatment. We collected clinical variables and initial haematological and neuroimaging findings. MHVs were measured on SWI performed after intravenous thrombosis and were defined as the presence of a greater number of veins or veins of a larger diameter with greater signal loss on SWI than those of the contralesional haemisphere. The degree of hyperintensity of MHVs was classified into four grades: none, subtle, moderate and extensive. END was defined as an increase in the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score by 2 points during the first 48 hours after the onset of symptoms. Multivariate logistic regressions were conducted to investigate the predictors of END.ResultsThe study included 61 patients (51 males and 10 females) with a mean age of 62.4±12.6 years. Thirty-five (57.4%) patients presented with MHVs: 8 (13.1%) were graded as subtle MHVs, while 23 (37.7%) and 4 (6.6%) were graded as moderate or extensive MHVs, respectively. Twenty patients (32.8%) presented with END. Logistic regression analysis showed that compared with patients without MHVs, moderate MHVs (adjusted OR 5.446, 95% CI 1.360 to 21.800; p=0.017) and extensive MHVs (adjusted OR 15.240, 95% CI 1.200 to 193.544; p=0.036) were significantly associated with END.ConclusionsMHVs might be a useful predictor of END in AIS patients with symptomatic large artery stenosis or occlusion after r-tPA treatment.
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Kong, Yaguang, Chenfeng Xie, Song Zheng, Peng Jiang, Meng Guan, and Fang Wang. "Dynamic Early Warning Method for Major Hazard Installation Systems in Chemical Industrial Park." Complexity 2019 (May 20, 2019): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/6250483.
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The production and storage of major hazard installations (MHIs) bring potential risks to chemical industrial park (CIP). In the production system of MHIs, its dangerous degree is mainly determined by key parameters, and abnormal key parameters often lead to accidents. To predict the real-time risk values of MHIs and improve accident prevention ability of CIP, we need a method that can combine dynamic prediction and assessment. Quantitative risk assessment (QRA) is not capable of modelling risk variations during the operation of a process. Therefore, this paper adopts the data-driven approach. Inspired by visual qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis, a dynamic early warning method is proposed for MHIs. We can get the future trend of these key parameters by using strongly correlation variables to predict key parameters. Fuzzy evaluation analysis is performed on the risk levels of key parameters, and the dynamic evaluation index of these MHIs is obtained. This method can be applied to the dynamic evaluation of MHIs system in CIP. It can contribute to the safety of CIP in some aspects.
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Adomah-Afari, Augustine. "The challenges to performance and sustaining mutual health organisations/health institutions." International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance 28, no. 7 (August 10, 2015): 726–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijhcqa-02-2015-0018.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore challenges to the performance and sustainability of mutual health organisations (MHOs) and health institutions towards enhancing access to quality health care (HC) in Ghana. Design/methodology/approach – Data were gathered through interviews and documentary review. Findings – Problems with late release of reimbursement funds for discharging with claims by the central government has impacted heavily on the financial and strategic management and decision-making processes of the MHOs and health institutions. Research limitations/implications – The lack of in-depth analysis of the financial viability of the MHOs; and the limited number of schemes selected. Practical implications – Recommends the need to ensure prompt release of reimbursement funds by government to enable the MHOs to reimburse claims to health institutions. Social implications – There is a perceived tension between the MHOs and HC institutions due to late release of reimbursement funds by the government. Originality/value – Contributes to understanding of how the NHI Act influences the operations of MHOs and health institutions towards increasing access to quality HC and financing.