Academic literature on the topic 'Mica mines and mining'
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Journal articles on the topic "Mica mines and mining"
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da Paixão, Mariana, Lauro Cézar Santos, and Haroldo Lima. "AN OVERVIEW ON THE MINERALOGY AND CRISTALLOGRAPHY FIELD COURSE GUIDE AT THE SERIDÓ PEGMATITIC PROVINCE: A CONTRIBUTION FOR UNDERGRADUATE GEOLOGY STUDENTS OF THE FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF PERNAMBUCO, BRAZIL." Estudos Geológicos 32, no. 2 (December 13, 2022): 72–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.18190/1980-8208/estudosgeologicos.v32n2p72-86.
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This report presents basic guidelines to help undergraduate first year geology students at the Federal University of Pernambuco Brazil. It reviews general aspects of the Mineralogy field trip presenting a comprehensive review on pegmatite classification, regional geology of the Seridó Pegmatitic Province (Rio Grande do Norte and Paraíba states) as well as local geological aspects of three mines that are visited and locally mapped. During the field trip, the Dedego, Pendanga and Sítio Mulungu mines are visited, offering the opportunity to describe pegmatites and host rocks in one of the most famous regions that produce industrial minerals and gemstones for commercial purposes. During the visit, crystallographic and physical aspects of granitic pegmatite-related minerals are discussed, including didactical varieties of quartz, feldspars, mica, tourmaline, garnet and beryl crystals. Mining aspects on pegmatitic rocks in the region are also accessed, allowing the first-year student to have an early contact with mineral exploration and mining companies and their professionals, which will be of great importance for their development during the geology undergraduate course.
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Bouchal, Tomáš, Jaroslav Závada, Hana Vojtková, Silvie Langarová, and Radim Havelek. "Primary Research of Mine Waters from the Chrustenice Iron-Ore Deposit/ Prvotní Průzkum Důlních Vod Železorudného Ložiska Chrustenice." GeoScience Engineering 58, no. 4 (December 1, 2012): 23–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/gse-2014-0041.
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Abstract This paper describes the primary research of mine waters in the Chrustenice Iron-ore Deposit. A particular attention is paid here to the research of microorganisms living in that environment. The goal of the research is to analyse mine waters in the area which was abandoned by people more than 45 years ago and to investigate microorganisms and representatives of species present there in the mine waters. The Chrustenice Mine ranked among the biggest and most important iron ore mines in Barrandien. This mine along with the mines in Nučice, Zdice, Nový Jáchymov and Mníšek pod Brdy contributed to the fame of the regional mining industry. Sedimentary oolitic iron ore in Chrustenice consists mostly of red iron ore based on Černín layers, siderite and, to a lesser extent, of haematite and chamosite. In exceptional cases, magnetite is present there. The Černín shale is black clay shale with sandy ingredients and many potash-mica scales. Now, the mine is flooded up to the 8th level. In the remaining area, there is a mining history museum with dozens of exhibits. In samples of the mining water taken on the site, mostly iron, manganese and sulphur microorganisms were identified. The primary study of the mine waters in the iron-ore deposit shows that, from the microbiological point of view, this site is very interesting and many chemolithotrophic species of bacteria are present there.
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Omanayin, Y.A., Ogunbajo, M. I., Waziri, N. M., Ako, T. A., Shuaibu, A. M., and Alaku, I. O. "Geochemical Investigation and Physical Impact Assessment of Artisanal Gold Mining, Kataeregi, North-Central Nigeria." International Journal of Science for Global Sustainability 2, no. 2 (June 25, 2016): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.57233/ijsgs.v2i2.252.
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The geochemistry of mine products and stream sediments from Kataeregi area in North-central Nigeria was studied with the objective of environmental hazards assessment that is caused by artisanal gold mining activities through field work and laboratory analyses. The field work involves the observation of physical impact of mining on the environment and collection of representative samples along the streams, mined site and tailings within the location of study. The sediment samples were analyzed using X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. The result obtained from laboratory analysis was compared with the ideal average crustal concentration of the elements in upper continental crust. Field observation revealed that mining activity has impacted on the environment with land destruction, loss of vegetation and erosion of soils. Geological field mapping show the area is underlain with Migmatite-Gneiss complex, Mica Schist, Granite and Sandstone lithologies. Results from geochemical analysis revealed that sediments are enriched with elements such as Au (0.23ppm), Ag (2.59ppm), Hg (0.21ppm) and Mo (1.14ppm). The presence of Hg in sediments can get consumed directly or indirectly through food chain and passed on to human.
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Jarc, Simona. "Statistical approach to interpretation of geochemical data of stream sediment in Pleše mining area." Geologija 65, no. 2 (December 21, 2022): 225–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5474/geologija.2022.013.
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The Ba, Pb and Zn ore deposit Pleše near Ljubljana is one of the formerly productive mines. The stream sediments were sampled and analysed by XRF to establish the effect of grain size, mineralization, and downstream location of sampling sites on geochemical composition based on various statistical analyses. Statistical analyses of the geochemical data confirm the impact of mineralization. The parametric t-test, non-parametric Mann-Whitney test and cluster analysis showed only minor differences in the geochemical composition of the samples with different grain sizes (< 0.063 mm and 0.063-2 mm). The parametric and non-parametric correlation coefficients as well as cluster analysis indicate that the contents of Si, Al, K, Rb, and Fe are associated with weathered rock forming minerals such as micas, and clay minerals, whereas Nb and Zr are associated with minerals resistant to weathering. Ca and Mg are associated with carbonates. S, Ba, Sr, Pb, Zn, and Mn indicate local mineralization with sulphates and sulphides. The results of the t-test and analysis of variance, Mann-Whitney tests and Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA of the groups established by the cluster analysis confirm that the contents of Ba, Pb and Sr have a statistically significant influence on the classification of the cluster group - i.e., the influence of sediment mineralization. There are no differences in elemental contents in the sediment samples downstream. The statistical approach to evaluate the geochemical data has proven useful and provides a good basis for further interpretation.
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Costa, Raphael. "Pegmatite fields of São Pedro de Ferros, Antônio Dias and Marilac, Minas Gerais State, Brazil: petrographic characterization." Journal UMinho Science 2 (October 18, 2023): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.21814/jus.4840.
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Pegmatites are rocks of granite or metastatic origin with gigantic crystals that are formed in fluid phase of the magmatic liquid enriched with incompatible elements, thats why they can be considered as gemstones and industrial minerals deposits. Both studied areas in the present article were genererated by anatexia process or partial fusion. The Jatobá Mine in the Pegmatitic Field of Ferros-Antônio Dias, in Santa Maria de Itabira, explores the aquamarine gem, a beryl variety, in a pegmatite that is located closer to the granite system of the quartz core and is docked in a gnaisse granitic rock from the Guanhães Complex. The collected sample was denominated like Quartzo alkali feldspar sienite in the Diagram QAPF. The blue color of the beryl is given by the intrusion of Fe. The Duas Cores Mining represents the Pegmatitic Field of Marilac, near Governador Valadares, and the exploration of bi-color tourmaline will begin soon. This mineral is in a very weathered pegmatite, positioned more at the end of the granite system and docked in the mica-schist rock of the São Tomé Formation. The sample was named Tonalite by the QAPF Diagram. The color variation of the explored gem is related to the enrichment of the Li element at the site.
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René, Miloš. "Nb-Ta-Ti oxides in topaz granites of the Ehrenfriedersdorf tin-tungsten ore deposit (Krušné hory Mts., Germany)." Geoscience Research Reports 56, no. 1 (May 9, 2023): 21–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3140/zpravy.geol.2023.04.
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Nb-Ta-Ti-bearing oxide minerals represent the most common hosts of Nb and Ta in high-F, high-P2O5, Li-mica granites from the Sauberg granite stock in the Krušné hory/Erzgebirge Mts. batholith (Figure 1). The stock hosts the Ehrenfriedersdorf ore deposit, representing the most significant Sn-W ore deposit in this area. This ore deposit was mined from the 13th century until the year 1990. Since July 2019, the Ehrenfriedersdorf mining landscape makes a significant part of the UNESCO world heritage site, the Montanregion ore mountains. Fine- to medium-grained granites of the Sauberg granite stock are composed by quartz, albite (An 0.1–0.5), K-feldspar (Or97–99, Ab1–3), Li-mica and topaz. Both feldspars are partly enriched in phosphorus (up to 0.52 wt. % P2O5). Apatite, zircon and monazite are accessory phases. The Nb-Ta-Ti-bearing oxide minerals – Nb-Ta-rich rutile, Fe-columbite, W-ixiolite occur in accessory amounts in ore-bearing structures together with cassiterite and wolframite. The main ore-bearing structures are represented by mineralised vein structures and metasomatic stringer zones, which are the most significant. The latter are characterised by numerous parallel to sub-parallel E-W striking en-echelon sets of ore veins. The Sauberg granite stock hosting the Nb-Ta mineralization is mostly formed by highly fractionated, highly peraluminous S-type granites (ASI = 1.2–1.4) with Nb/Ta ratio = 1.8–5.5 and depletion in CaO, MgO, Ba, Sr and high-field-strength elements. (Table 1, 2). The Nb-Ta-bearing rutile is the most common Nb and Ta carrier and occurs mostly as subhedral inclusions in Li-mica flakes. It has very low Mn/(Mn Fe) ratio (0.0–0.01) and low Ta/(Ta Nb) ratio (0.04–0.25) (Table 3). Columbite-group minerals are represented by columbite-(Fe) with a Mn/(Mn Fe) ratio varying from 0.11 to 0.14 and with relatively low Ta/(Ta Nb) values (0.08–0.26) (Table 4). The rare, W-ixiolite was observed as needle-like subhedral crystals and/or as inclusions in needle-like aggregates of wolframite. The W-ixiolite is Fe-rich with relatively low Mn/(Mn Fe) and Ta/(Ta Nb) values of 0.11–0.13 and 0.07–0.25, respectively (Table 5).
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Gvozdenko, T. A., I. A. Baksheev, E. I. Gerasimova, D. A. Khanin, M. V. Chervyakovskya, and V. O. Yapaskurt. "New data on chemical composition of lithium mica from granitic pegmatites of Murzinka pluton (Central Urals)." Moscow University Bulletin. Series 4. Geology, no. 3 (June 28, 2020): 81–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.33623/0579-9406-2020-3-81-88.
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Mica samples from granitic pegmatites of Mokrusha and Ministerskaya mines, Murzinka pluton, Central Urals are polylithionite, sokolovaite, trilithionite, Li-bearing muscovite, and annite–phlogopite series. Chromium and magnesium, uncommon elements for light mica are detected in samples from both mines, indicates host-rock contamination of pegmatites. The low values K/Rb ratio and Ta/Nb ratio define a very high degree of pegmatite differentiation of both mines.
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Knysh, Ivan, and Nadiya Kremin. "Zastinoche and budaniv sandstone deposits as potential geotourism objects of the Ternopil region." Visnyk of the Lviv University. Geology Series 35, no. 35 (2021): 111–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vgl.35.09.
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The article provides information on existing quarries for sandstone mining as promising geotourism locations within the Ternopil region (Western Ukraine). The study area is famous for its ancient mining of natural stone from Terebovlya sandstones. The object of research is located within the Eastern European platform on the territory of Zastinoche and Budanіv deposits. Since princely times, stone has been mined here for the construction of fortresses and defensive structures. Sediments of the Neogene and Devonian ages take part in the geological structure of the Zastinoche deposit. The mineral is represented by Devonian sandstone with an average thickness of 12 m, broken by horizontal and vertical cracks into boulders. Macroscopically, sandstone is represented by red-brown, brownish-red, greyish-red, reddish-grey, brownish-grey, pink-grey, greenish-grey and light grey variations. The Budaniv deposit is composed of Quaternary, Neogene, Cretaceous and Devonian rocks. The minerals here are the sandstones of the Ivanovo formation (Devonian), the sandstone stratum consists of two horizons. The average thickness of sandstones of the first horizon (red, thick-tiled) is 14.4 m, in the thickness of sandstones there are layers of argillites and siltstones. Sandstones of the second horizon are more thinly tiled, characterized by a thickness of 2.6 to 4.3 m. With depth, sandstones have a pink and pink-red colour. Both gray and pink variations of sandstones are fine-grained, quartz, feldspar-quartz, mica.. Cement is iron-clay; the clay part of it is sericite-silicon. Mining of sandstones at both deposits is carried out manually with the help of crowbars and wedges to the full depth. All processes for the extraction and manufacture of side and rubble stone are performed manually. Terebovlya sandstone is environmentally friendly, so it is used for the construction of facades as a natural heat insulator. Sandstone is frost-resistant and acid-resistant. It is widely used in modern architectural design and restoration of historical monuments in Europe; it is made of almost everything for facades. Among the architectural structures built of Terebovlya sandstone – a nine-arch railway bridge-viaduct near the village. Plebanivka, Terebovlya and Budaniv castles, Pidhoryany monastery of St. Basil the Great, a large number of churches and cathedrals. Geological and geotourism survey of Zastinoche and Budanіv sandstone quarries in the Ternopil region gives grounds to consider these locations as potential geotouristic objects.
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Whitson, Joseph. "Monumental Mines." Public Historian 41, no. 3 (August 1, 2019): 49–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/tph.2019.41.3.49.
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Through an analysis of three interpreted mines in northeastern Minnesota, this article illuminates how the region’s public history is complicit in the ongoing process of settler colonialism. Largely controlled by iron mining interests, the region’s public history and tourism industry is deeply invested in the future of mineral extraction, representing mining and white-ethnic mining culture as natural and indigenous to the landscape. This narrative erases Ojibwe presence in the region, ignoring both the role mining played in past environmental injustices as well as how it continues to threaten Ojibwe political and resource sovereignty.
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Ryberg, Trond, Moritz Kirsch, Christian Haberland, Raimon Tolosana-Delgado, Andrea Viezzoli, and Richard Gloaguen. "Ambient seismic noise analysis of LARGE-N data for mineral exploration in the Central Erzgebirge, Germany." Solid Earth 13, no. 3 (March 14, 2022): 519–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/se-13-519-2022.
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Abstract. Ambient seismic noise tomography is a novel, low-impact method for investigating the earth's structure. Although most passive seismic studies focus on structures on crustal scales, there are only a few examples of this technique being applied in a mineral exploration context. In this study, we performed an ambient seismic experiment to ascertain the relationship between the shallow shear wave velocity and mineralized zones in the Erzgebirge in Germany, one of the most important metal provinces in Europe. Late Variscan mineralized greisen and veins occurring in the Geyer-Ehrenfriedersdorf mining district of the Central Erzgebirge were mined from medieval times until the end of the 19th century. These occurrences represent a significant resource for commodities of high economic importance, such as tin, tungsten, zinc, indium, bismuth and lithium. Based on ambient noise data from a dense “LARGE-N” network comprising 400 low-power, short-period seismic stations, we applied an innovative tomographic inversion technique based on Bayesian statistics (transdimensional, hierarchical Monte Carlo search with Markov Chains using a Metropolis/Hastings sampler) to derive a three-dimensional shear wave velocity model. An auxiliary 3D airborne time-domain electromagnetic dataset is used to provide additional insight into the subsurface architecture of the area. The velocity model shows distinct anomalies down to approximately 500 m depth that correspond to known geological features of the study area, such as (a) gneiss intercalations in the mica schist-dominated host rock, imaged by a SW–NE striking low-velocity zone with a moderately steep northerly dip, and (b) a NW-trending strike-slip fault, imaged as a subvertical linear zone cross-cutting and offsetting this low-velocity domain. Similar to the velocity data, the electromagnetic data exhibit north-dipping (high-conductivity) structures in the mica schists, corresponding to the strike and dip of the predominant metamorphic fabric. An unsupervised classification performed on the bivariate 3D dataset yielded nine spatially coherent classes, one of which shows a high correspondence with drilled greisen occurrences in the roof zone of a granite pluton. The relatively high mean shear velocity and resistivity values of this class could be explained by changes in density and composition during greisen formation, as observed in other areas of the Erzgebirge. Our study demonstrates the great potential of the cost-efficient and low-impact ambient noise technology for mineral exploration, especially when combined with other independent geophysical datasets.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Mica mines and mining"
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Flores, Jose Cruz do Carmo. "Fechamento da mina : aspectos tecnicos, juridicos e socioambientais." [s.n.], 2006. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/286759.
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Orientador: Hildebrando HerrmannTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Geociencias
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Resumo: o fechamento de mina insere-se como uma nova fase na vida do projeto de mineração. Seus principais objetivos são garantir que a saúde e a segurança públicas não serão comprometidas no futuro; que os recursos ambientais não serão expostos a posterior deterioração biológica, física e ou química; que o uso pós-mineração da propriedade será benéfico à comunidade e sustentável no longo prazo; e que quaisquer impactos socioeconômicos adversos serão mitigados. Os conceitos e procedimentos relativos ao fechamento de mina vêm se expandindo rapidamente, em termos de escopo e responsabilidade dos principais grupos interessados, dentre eles governo, empresas, comunidades impactadas e organizações não-governamentais (ONGs), instituições financeiras de crédito e outros componentes da sociedade civil. O Direito - como ciência social que o é - vem explicitando a consciência e a preocupação da sociedade com o adequado e seguro fechamento das minas, e internalizando as melhores práticas par.a se atingir seus objetivos. Esta tese dedica-se ao estudo e análise da arte do fechamento de mina sob os seus diversos aspectos. Ressalta-se a importância econômica e social da mineração, através da análise dos aspectos positivos e negativos desta atividade humana. Introduz-se o fechamento de mina como uma nova fase do projeto de mineração. Apresentam-se os conceitos de alguns termos usualmente encontrados nos trabalhos relativos ao tema fechamento de mina. Apontam-se as principais causas que conduzem ao fechamento, os tipos de fechamento que podem ocorrer e as etapas que integram o processo. Analisam-se os principais impactos ambientais, econômicos e sociais advindos do fechamento. Abordam-se os aspectos técnicos, jurídicos e socioambientais inerentes ao fechamento de mina na legislação de alguns países selecionados. Sintetiza-se a regulamentação do tema na legislação brasileira. Expõem-se os programas de fechamento de algumas minas brasileiras, de pequeno, médio e grande porte. Ao final, recomendam-se algumas questões inerentes ao evento, como sugestões para futuros estudos e pesquisas, e apresenta-se, como apêndice, a proposta de um conjunto de diretrizes, como contribuição ao estudo do tema e à progressiva regulamentação desta fase do projeto de mineração no Brasil
Abstract: Mine closure is a new stage in the life of a mining project. Its main objectives are guarantee that the future public hea1th and safety are not compromised; environmental resources are not subject to further physical and chemical deterioration; the post-mining use of a site is beneficial and sustainable in the long-tenn; and any adverse socio-economic impacts are minimized. The concepts and principIes surrounding mine closure are rapidly evolving in tenns of the supposed scope and responsibility of the major interested groups, among them government, industry, impacted communities and other stakeholders such as non-governmental organisations (NGOs), financial institutions and other components of civil society. The Law - as a social science - has highlighted the society conscious and preoccupation with the proper and safe mine closure and intemalized the best practices to achieve its purposes. This thesis focuses in the study and analysis of the evolution of mine closure art - under its several aspects. Highlight the economic and social importance of mining, through the analysis of positive and negative aspects of this human activity. Mine closure is introduced as new stage of the mining project. It is presented the concepts of some tenns usually employed in studies related to mine closure. Emphasize the main causes that can direct to closure, the types of closure that can occur and the steps part of this processo The main environmental, economic and social impacts from the mine closure process are analysed. Deal with technical, legal, social and environmental aspects in the law of some selected countries. Synthesize mine closure regulation in the Brazilian Law. Approach the programmes in course for closure of some small, medium and large size Brazilian mines. At the end recommends some points inherent to mine closure as suggestions to future researches and presents, as an appendix, a proposal of guidelines as a contribution to the study and the progressive regulation on mine closure in Brazil
Doutorado
Administração e Politica de Recursos Minerais
Doutor em Ciências
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Matos, José Henrique da Silva Nogueira de 1987. "Evolução metalogenética da mina de cobre de Pedra Verde (CE)." [s.n.], 2012. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/287647.
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Orientadores: Ticiano José Saraiva dos Santos, Lena Virgínia Soares MonteiroDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Istituto de Geociências
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Resumo: A mina de cobre de Pedra Verde situa-se no município de Viçosa do Ceará, NW do Ceará. O depósito é hospedado por rochas supracrustais neoproterozóicas do Grupo Martinópole, Domínio Médio Coreaú. O embasamento é constituído por gnaisses-migmatíticos TTG paleoproterozóico (2,35 Ga). Quartzitos com intercalações de xistos, filitos, metassiltitos e meta-argilitos compõem a sequência supracrustal. ...Observação: O resumo, na íntegra, poderá ser visualizado no texto completo da tese digital
Abstract: The Pedra Verde Copper Mine, located at Viçosa do Ceará (CE), contains reserves of 44.932.644 t with 0.9 wt.% of Cu (418.726 tonn of Cu), with silver as by-product. The deposit is hosted by Neoproterozoic supracrustal rocks of the Martinopole Group, in the Médio Coreau Domain. Gneisses-migmatites TTG units compound the Paleoproterozoic basement (2.35 Ga) in the area. ...Note: The complete abstract is available with the full electronic document
Mestrado
Geologia e Recursos Naturais
Mestre em Geociências
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Lemos, Mariana Gazire 1982. "Caracterização geológica e tecnológica do minério de zinco do extremo norte da mina de Vazante, Minas Gerais." [s.n.], 2011. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/286867.
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Orientador: Lena Virginia Soares MonteiroDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Geociências
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Resumo: A Faixa Vazante-Paracatu, localizada na porção noroeste de Minas Gerais, representa o mais importante distrito zincífero do país. Nos últimos anos, os depósitos de zinco não-sulfetados, como o de Vazante localizado nessa faixa, vem se destacando no cenário internacional devido aos teores de zinco mais elevados em relação aos de minérios sulfetados e aos avanços nas tecnologias de processamento mineral. Estudos de caracterização mineralógica e geoquímica do corpo de minério da Mina Extremo Norte (Antiga Mineração Aeirense S/A), que representa uma continuidade do trend de mineralização de Vazante, visam à identificação da forma de ocorrência e distribuição de elementos úteis que poderão vir a ser aproveitados, tais como Zn e seus possíveis subprodutos. As etapas realizadas nesse estudo incluíram trabalhos de campo, análises químicas de rocha total, petrografia, análises com uso de microscopia eletrônica de varredura e ensaios tecnológicos nos tipos de minérios identificados. Os dados levantados mostram diferenças entre o minério do Extremo Norte e da Mina de Vazante. Os corpos de minério no Extremo Norte são hospedados por unidades dolomíticas do Membro Morro do Pinheiro Inferior (Formação Serra do Poço Verde), próximo ao contato com rochas metapelíticas da Formação Serra do Garrote, ambas do Grupo Vazante. O controle da mineralização é estrutural, assim como na Mina de Vazante, mas a zona de falha que controla a distribuição dos corpos de minério apresenta traço curvo e direção N-S. A mineralização supérgena é representada pela calamina (hemimorfita), enquanto a hipógena, apresenta predominância de willemita. Altos conteúdos de ferro nas zonas mineralizadas, também uma particularidade da área, foram usados na classificação de subtipos de minérios de calamina e willemita. Apartir das relações mineralógicas, químicas e texturais, pode-se sugerir que a participação de fluidos metalíferos e meteóricos seria provável para a formação da mineralização hipógena do Extremo Norte. Neste contexto, as condições físico-químicas resultantes da mistura de fluidos para a formação do minério willemítico seriam aquelas de pH neutro a básico, resultante da maior participação de fluidos meteóricos já aquecidos ou do tamponamento devido às reações com as rochas carbonáticas, sem decréscimo acentuado de temperatura. As análises químicas mostraram que os teores de ferro do minério da antiga Mina da Masa podem ser relacionados à profundidade e ao fechamento de lentes de willemita mais profundas. Além disso, o minério da antiga Mina da Masa é mais empobrecido em elementos traços como Ag, Cd, Ge e Pb em relação ao minério de Vazante. Tal fato pode estar relacionado ao conteúdo mais baixo de sulfetos no minério do Extremo Norte. De acordo com a caracterização tecnológica, observa-se que os subtipos de minério com willemita com menores (Fé < 20%) e maiores teores de Fe (Fe > 20%), mostram tendências semelhantes em relação a sua distribuição granulométrica. O conteúdo de Zn é significativo entre as faixas granulométricas -0,15+0,11 e -0,044+0,038mm. Os teores de Fé encontram-se maiores na fração grossa, principalmente para as amostras ricas em Fe, onde os grãos de hematita estão associados à willemita ou liberados. Ao relacionar tal fato com a petrografia, pode-se concluir que isso deve-se à substituição da fase willemítica pela hematítica. Os teores de CaO e MgO apresentaram-se maiores nas frações mais finas para os dois subtipos de minério, principalmente para o subtipo rico em Fe e contribuem para fenômeno slime coating, que é resultante tanto dos maiores conteúdos de dolomita, como quantidades elevadas de hematita, que representa um corpo moedor devido à diferença em sua dureza em relação aos minerais carbonáticos. Em geral, o aproveitamento dos sulfetos do minério da Mina Extremo Norte é dificultado por sua forma de ocorrência, em inclusões muito finas na willemita, que não são liberadas mesmo em frações granulométricas finas (-0,038 mm). Espera-se que esta dissertação possa fornecer subsídios para futuros estudos geometalúrgicos, auxiliando na previsibilidade do comportamento do minério na Usina e na otimização do rendimento da planta metalúrgica
Abstract: The Vazante-Paracatu Belt, located in the northwest portion of the Minas Gerais state, is the most important Brazilian Zn district. In recent years, non-sulphide zinc deposits, such as the Vazante mine, has been highlighted in the international zinc scenario due to its higher zinc grade than those of sulphide ores and mineral processing advances. Mineralogy and geochemistry studies of the Extremo Norte orebody (former Mineração Aeirense S/A), which represents a continuing trend of mineralization in relation to that of Vazante, aim to identify the form of occurrence and distribution of useful elements, such as Zn and its byproducts. The steps carried out were field work, whole rock chemical analysis, petrography including optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy and technological tests. The data collected showed differences between the Extremo Norte and Vazante ores. In the Extremo Norte deposit, the orebodies are hosted by dolomitic units of the Lower Morro do Pinheiro Member (Serra do Poço Verde Formation, Vazante Group), close to the contact with metapelitic rocks of the Serra do Garrote Formation (Vazante Group). The mineralization is structurally-controlled, as well as in the Vazante mine, but the fault zone in this area is a curved stroke with N-S trend. The supergene mineralization is represented by calamine (hemimorphite), while the hypogene ore comprises predominantly willemite. High contents of iron in the mineralized zones, also a main feature of the area, have been used to classify the ore subtypes. From the relationships among mineralogy, chemistry and textures, it could be suggested that the involvement of meteoric and metalliferous fluids would also be likely in the Extremo Norte area. The physicochemical conditions, resulting from the ideal mixing process for the willemite formation ore would be those of the basic neutral pH, resulting from participation of heated meteoric fluids or plugging due to reactions with carbonate rocks, without rapid decrease in temperature. The chemical analysis showed that levels of iron in the Extremo Norte ore may be related to depth and closing of deeper willemite lenses. In addition, the ore from Extremo Norte area is more depleted in minor elements, such as Ag, Cd, Pb and Ge than Vazante samples. This may be related to lower sulfide contents in the ore samples of the Extremo Nore than those typical of the Vazante ore. According to the technological characterization, it is observed that the subtypes of willemite ore show similar trends in relation to their size distribution. The content of Zn is significant in particle sizes between -0.15+ 0.11 and -0.044 0.038 mm. Fe contents were higher in the coarse fraction, especially for Fe-enriched samples, where the grains of hematite are associated with willemite or represent released particles. By linking this fact with the petrography, it is possible to conclude that this is due to the presence of hematite mass, which commonly replaces willemite. The contents of CaO and MgO was higher in finer fractions for the two subtypes of ore, especially for subtype rich in Fe and contribute to slime coating.This phenomenon is indeed related to higher contents of CaO and MgO and quantities of hematite, because it is a body grinder can be due to difference in their hardness. In general, the potential for sulphide recovery is not high due to its occurrence mode. In the Extremo Norte Mine, isolated sulphide bodies have not been recognized and sulphide phases occur only as very thinny inclusions in willemite. These inclusions were not released even in very fine granulometry. This study may provide insights for future geometallurgical studies, assisting in the predictability of the ore behavior in the plant and optimizing the efficiency in metallurgical plant
Mestrado
Geologia e Recursos Naturais
Mestre em Geociências
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Rodrigues, Viviane Drumond 1983. "Avaliação da biodiversidade de bactérias associadas a ambientes de mina." [s.n.], 2014. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/316917.
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Orientador: Laura Maria Mariscal OttoboniTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia
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Resumo: O conhecimento acerca da diversidade microbiana associada a ambientes de mina é limitado, apesar da importância que alguns micro-organismos podem ter no processo de biolixiviação e biorremediação ambiental. Adicionalmente, micro-organismos que vivem em condições inóspitas, como os diferentes ambientes de mina, vêm despertando interesse cada vez maior por possuírem enzimas de interesse industrial. Neste sendido, a análise da biodiversidade funcional e estrutural de micro-organismos presentes em ambientes de mina é de fundamental importância para entender a estrutura e a complexidade das comunidades microbianas em ambientes extremos. Neste trabalho a diversidade microbiana foi analisada em diversos ambientes da mina de cobre do Sossego, localizada em Canaã dos Carajás, sudeste do Pará por abordagens dependentes e independentes de cultivo. A composição taxonômica associada a ambientes da mina do Sossego: taludes (estruturas geotécnicas) e entorno da drenagem dos depósitos de Sossego (T-SO1, T-SO2, ED-SO1, ED-SO2) e Sequeirinho (T-SE1, T-SE2, ED-SE1, ED-SE2) foi avaliada por pirosequenciamento do gene de rRNA 16S. Os resultados indicaram que a comunidade de bactérias de talude é distinta do entorno da drenagem e o conteúdo de matéria orgânica e maior disponibilidade de água foram os principais fatores para as diferenças. Os principais táxons responsáveis pelas diferenças foram Acidobacteria, Chloroflexi, Gammaproteobacteria e Firmicutes. Por meio de técnicas dependentes de cultivo, 64 bactérias heterotróficas foram isoladas a partir das amostras SO5, SO6, SO7 e SO9. Estes isolados foram identificados e avaliados quanto à capacidade de produção de enzimas (hidrolases, monoxigenases, sulfoxidases e betalactamase) e compostos (sideróforos, biossurfactantes e antimicrobianos). Foram identificadas bactérias afiliadas aos seguintes gêneros: Acidovorax, Acinetobacter, Brevundimonas, Cupriavidus, Curtobacterium, Kocuria, Lysinibacillus, Pseudomonas, Roseomonas, Ralstonia, Stenotrophomonas e Bacillus, sendo o último respresentado por 43 isolados. Com relação à triagem funcional, 95% das bactérias foram capazes de produzir sideróforos, 58% biossurfactantes, 69% betalactamases, 50% antimicrobianos, 53% proteases, 75% esterases, 20% monoxigenases e três isolados (SO5.4, SO5.9 e SO6.2) apresentaram oxidação seletiva para sulfetos orgânicos. A partir de amostras de drenagem (SO5, SO6 e SO7) foram obtidos consórcios de micro-organismos oxidantes de ferro. Estes consórcios foram testados com relação à capacidade de biolixiviação da calcopirita e foram mais eficientes para a dissolução do cobre do que Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans LR. A identificação dos micro-organismos presentes nos consórcios foi realizada por eletroforese em gel de gradiente desnaturante (DGGE) e as bandas mais evidentes foram classificadas em Bacillus sp., Delftia sp., Phenylobacterium sp. e Methylobacterium sp. A comunidade de bactérias na mina de cobre do Sossego foi diversa e complexa. Estes resultados mostram um inventário da microbiota em diferentes ambientes da mina do Sossego e as enzimas e compostos obtidos destas bactérias poderão ser utilizadas em processos e tecnologias que permitam a recuperação de metais, como a biolixiviação e biorremediação ou em outras aplicações industriais
Abstract: The knowledge concerning microbial diversity associated with mine environments is limited, despite the importance that some microorganisms can have on environmental bioremediation and bioleaching process. Additionally, microorganisms that live in inhospitable conditions, such as different mine environments, have attracted growing interest because they could have enzymes with industrial applications. In this way, structural and functional biodiversity analysis in mine environments is an important issue to understand the structure and complexity of the microbial communities in extreme environments. The present work shows a microbial diversity analyses in some cooper mine environments of Sossego Mine localized in Canaã dos Carajás mineral province, Pará state, Brazil. The bacterial taxonomic composition associated with Sossego cooper mine: slopes (geotechnical structures) and surrounding drainage of Sossego and Sequeirinho deposits was evaluated using pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA gene. The results indicated slope bacterial community differs from surrounding drainage and organic matter content and higher water availably were the main factors of these differences. The foremost taxons accountable by those differences were Acidobacteria, Chloroflexi, Gammaproteobacteria and Firmicutes. Sixty four bacteria were isolated using culture-dependent methods from SO5, SO6, SO7 and SO9 samples. These bacteria were identified and evaluated concerning the capability of enzyme production (hydrolase, betalactamase, monooxygenase and sulphoxidases) and compounds (siderophore, biosurfactants and antimicrobials). It was identified bacteria related with the followed genera: Acidovorax, Acinetobacter, Brevundimonas, Cupriavidus, Curtobacterium, Kocuria, Lysinibacillus, Pseudomonas, Roseomonas, Ralstonia, Stenotrophomonas and Bacillus, the last one showed 43 isolates. In relation with functional screening, 95% of bacteria were capable to produce siderophores, 58% to produce biosurfactants, 69% betalactamases, 50% antimicrobials, 53% proteases, 75% sterases, 20% monooxygenases and three strains (SO5.4, SO5.9 and SO6.2) exhibited selective oxidation for organic sulphides. Iron oxidizing microorganism consortia were obtained from drainage samples and were tested according with its ability for bioleaching of chalcopyrite. The consortia obtained from SO5, SO6, and SO7 samples were more efficient than Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans LR regarding bioleaching of copper from chalcopyrite. The identification of microorganism presented in the consortia was performed using DGGE technique and the more evident bands were classified as Bacillus sp., Delftia sp., Phenylobacterium sp. and Methylobacterium sp. The bacterial community in Sossego cooper mine was diverse and complex. These results showed a microbiota inventory in distinct mine environments and enzymes and compounds obtained from those bacteria could be used in new processes and technologies that allow to recovery metals as bioleaching, bioremediation or others industrial applications
Doutorado
Genetica de Microorganismos
Doutora em Genética e Biologia Molecular
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Almeida, Sheila Kênia de. "Detecção de bactérias redutoras de sulfato em efluente e sedimento de mina de urânio." CNEN - Centro de Desenvolvimento da Tecnologia Nuclear, Belo Horizonte, 2005. http://www.bdtd.cdtn.br//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=44.
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Um dos graves problemas ambientais oriundos da indústria de mineração é a drenagem ácida de mina que ocorre quando a pirita e outros minerais sulfetados são oxidados devido à presença de oxigênio e água, produzindo ácido sulfúrico que solubiliza metais presentes no solo/rocha. Em uma planta das Indústrias Nucleares do Brasil INB, na Unidade de Tratamento de Minérios (UTM) este problema tem se pronunciado de forma preocupante levando a dissolução de espécies radioativas e metálicas presentes. O tratamento da água ácida usando bactérias redutoras de sulfato, proporciona decréscimo da acidez que é decorrente da redução do sulfato a sulfito e precipitação dos metais como sulfetos. Nesse contexto, o presente estudo foi realizado visando a caracterizar sazonalmente e espacialmente populações de bactérias redutoras de sulfato (BRS) nos efluentes líquidos e amostras de sedimento da cava da mina (CM) e nos bota-foras 4 e 8 (BF4 e BF8) coletadas na UTM. Tais informações poderão permitir posteriormente, estudar mecanismos de biomanipulação a fim de remediar situações impactantes. Menores valores de pH , abaixo de 3,5, foram medidos no período de março a abril em amostras de água da cava da mina e a maior população de BRS (2,8 NMP. mL-1) foi observada em fevereiro em amostras do BF8. Os valores encontrados para matéria orgânica na água foram menores do que aqueles encontrados no sedimento. A concentração de oxigênio dissolvido na água variou de 0,65 g/L a 13,3 g/L. As amostras de sedimento apresentaram maiores valores de BRS (10,2 NMP/mL), quando comparadas com amostras de água (0,63 NMP/mL). Tais resultados eram esperados uma vez que, nas amostras de água coletadas próximas ao sedimento foram observadas menores concentrações de oxigênio dissolvido (7,10g/L) e maiores concentrações de matéria orgânica disponível (17,0 mg/L) quando os resultados foram comparados com aqueles obtidos para amostras de água coletadas na superfície (0,004mg/L). Os resultados mostram, portanto, que o efluente ácido gerado apresenta altos teores de metais estáveis e radioativos, sulfato, baixo pH e presença de bactérias redutoras de sulfato.One of the most serious environmental problems created by the mining industry is acid mine drainage. In one plant of Nuclear Industries of Brazil - INB, this problem is a matter of concern. The presence of iron sulfites, such as pyrite, generates water with acidity above the levels allowed by the legislation and therefore, inappropriate for releasing straight into the environment. The industry maintain a high cost treatment in acid water from mines and waste disposal which consists in neutralizing and precipitating heavy metals. The treatment of acid water using SRB (sulfate-reducing bacteria) has been used in other countries with quite good technical results as well as economical advantages and thus, the object of this research. The use Sulfate Reducing Bacteria takes to a decreasing of the acidity by reducing sulfate to sulfite and precipitating the stable metals as sulfides. A seasonal study was carried out on the sulfate-reducing bacteria present in the liquid effluent discharged from two wastes disposal of the uranium mine, in phase of decommission, in Caldas/MG. This study shows the presence of SRB in the analyzed environmental, as well as some factors that are related with the amount of SRB presents, such as: dissolved oxygen, pH and organic matter. SRB was presented in water samples with high concentrations of heavy metals and low pH values, as well as in samples with high oxygen levels. The sediment samples were the preferential place for SRB occurrence and site BF8 presented the highest values of SRB.
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Wang, Quanxi. "Integrated stability mapping system for mines." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2005. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=4287.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2005.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains ix, 145 p. : ill. (some col.), maps (some col.). Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 118-122).
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Talhi, Korichi. "Aspects of blasting in surface mines." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.280422.
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Joubert, Barend Daniel. "Small-scale gold mining in southern Africa." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005615.
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The general characteristics of gold deposits are reviewed, and a classification of gold deposits based on mineability is proposed. Evaluation, mlnlng and beneficiation methods are briefly discussed. It is concluded that the most viable targets for small-scale companies comprise deposits that require the least pre-production time and expense. Great potential exists for the small-scale reclamation of gold from tailings dumps and abandoned mines in Southern Africa. There is also potential for developing new smallscale gold mines in the Archaean greenstone terranes of the Zimbabwean and Kaapvaal cratons.
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Forrest, W. "The development of new coal mines." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.378766.
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Carr, Frank. "Government decision-making and environmental degradation: a study relating to mining activities in Papua New Guinea." Thesis, Carr, Frank (2007) Government decision-making and environmental degradation: a study relating to mining activities in Papua New Guinea. Masters by Research thesis, Murdoch University, 2007. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/502/.
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Papua New Guinea (PNG) is a country possessing abundant resources of gold, oil, copper, timber, and fish stocks. It is hampered in its development and management of these resources, however, by serious problems of governance and corruption. These problems are evident throughout the economy and also in the management of the environment. The level of environmental damage caused by the mining industry in PNG is now such that it will require extensive rehabilitation, if the areas affected can, indeed, ever be fully rehabilitated. The mining companies which precipitated this damage were licensed and encouraged by the PNG Government in the initiation and exercise of the mining operations. The resulting environmental impact has affected the lives of thousands of New Guineans to their detriment. The degradation caused remains
unredressed.
Compounding the problem, there is a growing reliance by Papua New Guinea on mineral exploitation for foreign direct investment, government revenues, and foreign exchange. Gold exports accounted for the biggest share of export revenues in 2002 representing 37.5% of the total. In light of this growing dependency on mining activities, there is a correspondingly urgent requirement to address the deficiencies in the administrative, monitoring, and policing aspects of the protection of its environment.
Despite the public evidence of the damage to the environment and the ensuing affect on the people of Papua New Guinea by mining activities; and despite universal condemnation of these activities and the companies responsible; the companies continue to conduct these activities without official hindrance and with little apparent concern for the long-term ramifications of their actions.
This thesis will examine the degradation resulting from the mining activities of companies in Papua New Guinea over the last three decades - particularly those of Placer Dome's Porgera gold mine, BHP's Ok Tedi gold and copper mine (the waste from both of which is dumped into the Ok Tedi and Strickland rivers which are tributaries of the Fly River and form part of the Fly River system) and Lihir Gold Limited's gold mine on Lihir Island. It will examine the extent to which the Government of Papua New Guinea may have wittingly (in the sense of a prescience as to the possible or probable likelihood of deleterious impact) or unwittingly contributed to that degradation as a result of its actions or omissions.
Studies of available literature suggest that there has been little attention paid to the subject of culpability on the part of successive PNG governments in matters of environmental damage. This research will contribute to reducing this gap in the literature by focusing on possible motives of the PNG government and its actors which precipitated those decisions and which resulted in environmental degradation. The discussion will examine the likely motivation of the PNG government in its deliberations and decisions and the extent to which corruption and incompetence may have played a role.
Books on the topic "Mica mines and mining"
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Deve, Thomas Muchineripi. Mica mining in Zimbabwe, 1900 to 1960. [Harare]: University of Zimbabwe, History Dept., 1989.
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Ells, R. W. Minerals resources of Canada: Bulletin on mica. Ottawa: S.E. Dawson, 1997.
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Spence, Hugh S. Mica: Its occurence, exploitation and uses. 2nd ed. Ottawa: Govt. Print. Bureau, 1997.
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Whitmore, Robert W. The pegmatite mines known as Palermo. Weare, NH: Friends of Palermo Mines, 2004.
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Obalski, J. Mica dans la province de Québec, Canada. [Québec (Province)?: s.n.], 1997.
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Busyrev, Vladislav Mikhaĭlovich. Metodicheskie ukazanii͡a po opredelenii͡u ėkonomicheskoĭ t͡selesoobraznosti razrabotki sli͡udi͡anykh mestorozhdeniĭ s zaboĭnoĭ rudorazborkoĭ. Apatity: Kolʹskiĭ nauch. t͡sentr AN SSSR, 1990.
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Busyrev, Vladislav Mikhaĭlovich. Metodicheskie rekomendat͡sii po raspredelenii͡u dobychi po blokam na sli͡udi͡anykh rudnikakh. Apatity: Kolʹskiĭ nauchnyĭ t͡sentr AN SSSR, 1988.
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Ells, R. W. Minerals resources of Canada: Bulletin on the ores of copper in the provinces of Nova Scotia, New Brunswick and Quebec. Ottawa: S.E. Dawson, 1997.
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Friggens, Thomas G. No tears in heaven: The 1926 Barnes-Hecker Mine Disaster. 2nd ed. Lansing, Mich: Michigan Historical Center, Michigan Dept. of State, 1998.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Mica mines and mining"
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Kuhnt, W., P. Knoll, H. Grosser, and H. J. Behrens. "Seismological Models for Mining-Induced Seismic Events." In Seismicity in Mines, 513–21. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-9270-4_14.
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Ali Elbeblawi, Mostafa Mohamed, Hassan Ali Abdelhak Elsaghier, Mostafa Tantawy Mohamed Amin, and Wael Rashad Elrawy Abdellah. "Prevention of Slides in Surface Mines." In Surface Mining Technology, 105–32. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-3568-7_4.
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Jech, Jiří. "Seismic Tomography in the Ostrava-Karviná Mining Region." In Seismicity in Mines, 597–608. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-9270-4_19.
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Young, R. P., D. A. Hutchins, J. McGaughey, J. Towers, D. Jansen, and M. Bostock. "Geotomographic Imaging in the Study of Mining Induced Seismicity." In Seismicity in Mines, 571–96. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-9270-4_18.
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Šilený, Jan. "The Mechanism of Small Mining Tremors from Amplitude Inversion." In Seismicity in Mines, 309–24. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-9270-4_4.
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Unger, Corinne. "Legacy Issues and Abandoned Mines." In Mining in the Asia-Pacific, 333–69. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61395-6_20.
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Udd, J. E. "Backfill research in Canadian Mines." In Innovations in Mining Backfill Technology, 3–13. London: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003211488-2.
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Tuttle, Carolyn. "The Mining Industry." In Hard at Work in Factories and Mines, 141–82. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429036989-5.
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Young, R. P., S. Talebi, D. A. Hutchins, and T. I. Urbancic. "Analysis of Mining-Induced Microseismic Events at Strathcona Mine, Sudbury, Canada." In Seismicity in Mines, 455–74. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-9270-4_11.
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Young, R. Paul. "Fred Leighton Memorial Workshop on Mining Induced Seismicity August 30, 1987." In Seismicity in Mines, 285–93. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-9270-4_2.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Mica mines and mining"
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He, Changdi, and Brijes Mishra. "Characterization of Fracture Propagation in Granite Under Uniaxial Compression Test Through Digital Image Processing and Discrete Element Method." In 57th U.S. Rock Mechanics/Geomechanics Symposium. ARMA, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.56952/arma-2023-0529.
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ABSTRACT This study utilized digital image processing (DIP) and discrete element method (DEM) to explore the correlation between mineralogy and fracture propagation in granite. The study concludes that an increase in the content of quartz and feldspar leads to a gradual increase in the uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) value of granite. However, the UCS value of granite undergoes a significant decline with increasing mica content. Additionally, the presence of quartz intensifies the brittleness of granite, while feldspar enhances the ductility of granite. In the isotropic model, fractures tend to initiate from stress concentration points and propagate during the UCS test, causing further stress concentration due to the creation of high-stress zones by the crack tip. In the anisotropic model, fractures usually occur in areas where quartz and feldspar are more concentrated because of a higher likelihood of stress concentration in those regions. However, mica agglomerations are not susceptible to stress concentrations due to their low strength and high toughness, which serve as a buffer. INTRODUCTION Granite is commonly utilized as a host rock for various underground engineering projects such as radioactive waste disposal, deep mining, and enhanced geothermal systems (EGS)(Zhu et al., 2021; Kumari et al., 2017). Nonetheless, the presence of fractures in granite can have varying effects on these projects. In the case of radioactive waste disposal, fractures can compromise the integrity of the repository by providing pathways for radioactive material leakage into the surrounding environment (Jia et al., 2022; Zhao et al., 2022a). Moreover, in deep mining, fractures can pose a significant hazard to miners as they can destabilize the rock mass, leading to rockfalls and collapses that may endanger their lives (Zhao et al., 2022b). Conversely, fractures in granite play a crucial role in EGS, as they facilitate fluid flow and heat transfer. The distribution and connectivity of fractures can impact the efficiency of EGS by affecting the flow of fluid through the reservoir (Zhong et al., 2022).
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Zhu, X., M. Serati, E. Mutaz, and Z. Chen. "True Triaxial Testing of Anisotropic Solids." In 56th U.S. Rock Mechanics/Geomechanics Symposium. ARMA, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56952/arma-2022-2125.
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ABSTRACT: Accurate determination of rock mechanical properties (particularly sedimentary shales, mica and schists with foliation and bedding planes) is critical to the safe design and excavation of underground mines and tunnels. Traditional techniques to calculate rock elastic properties often involve testing cylindrical or disc-shaped specimens under uniaxial compression or diametrical loading. But, these stress conditions may not represent the actual stress state under which rock is subjected at depth. A true triaxial testing technique on cubed specimens are, therefore, preferred as it better represents field stress conditions. This paper introduces and verifies a modified step-compression true-triaxial based technique to measure the elastic constants in fibre-reinforced epoxy samples, selected as a low-porosity anisotropic solid. The elastic constants obtained from the proposed method (even under higher stress levels) are found to be in good agreement with results from the benchmark tests with uniaxial compression but in the meanwhile offers other anisotropic parameters, which cannot be obtained from conventional measurements. 1. INTRODUCTION Accurate determination of rock directional elastic properties has always been a hot topic in rock mechanics with immediate applications in most geotechnical and mining engineering (Eberli et al., 2003). While rock is frequently treated as a CHILE (continuous, homogeneous, isotropic, and linearly elastic) medium, this assumption provides only limited insight into the true rock mass deformations (Chou & Chen, 2008; Serati, Alehossein, & Williams, 2016). A more practical rock behavior is therefore the consideration of rock anisotropy, since many rocks exposed near the Earth’s surface show various levels of directionally dependent properties due to bedding, stratification, foliation, fissuring, schistosity, jointing, and faulting (Amadei, 1996). In the stress-strain relationship study for a loaded rock sample, rock behavior can be generally classified into four categories: isotropic, transversely isotropic, orthotropic, and anisotropic. The number of elastic constants to represent the stress-strain relation of a complete anisotropic rock is 21. However, due to the elastic symmetry of three isotropic planes, the number of stiffness constants of an orthotropic material can be reduced to nine (9) constants only. It can be further reduced to five elastic parameters for a transversely isotropic material (E1, E2, ν1, ν2, and G2) and two (namely the Poisson’s ratio and Young’s modulus) for a perfectly isotropic material, where the subscripts "1" and "2" refer to in-plane and out-of-plane directions in transversely isotropic materials (Ding et al., 2006).
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Veatch, Steven W., C. Robert Carnein, Marge Breth, Dan Alfrey, Wayne Johnston, Roger Loest, Dee Loest, et al. "Victor -- Colorado's city of mines: its history, geology, mines, and minerals." In 30th Annual New Mexico Mineral Symposium and 1st Annual Mining Artifact Collectors Association Symposium. Socorro, NM: New Mexico Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.58799/nmms-2009.336.
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Brenchley, Paul, Linda Snyman, Jogi Samosir, and Bonnie Coxon. "Redevelopment support at Northparkes Mines." In Seventh International Symposium on Ground Support in Mining and Underground Construction. Australian Centre for Geomechanics, Perth, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.36487/acg_rep/1304_30_brenchley.
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Jordaan, Johan. "Determining waste mining capacities for open pit mines." In Fourth International Seminar on Strategic versus Tactical Approaches in Mining. Australian Centre for Geomechanics, Perth, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.36487/acg_rep/1108_27_jordaan.
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Jakubec, Jaroslav, Daniel Lagace, William Boggis, Lyndon Clark, and Philip Lewis. "Underground mining at Ekati and Diavik diamond mines." In Fourth International Symposium on Block and Sublevel Caving. Australian Centre for Geomechanics, Perth, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.36487/acg_rep/1815_03_jakubec.
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MOORE, PW. "NOISE MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES AT OPENCAST COAL MINES." In Noise from Drilling, Mining and Quarrying Operations 1989. Institute of Acoustics, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.25144/21742.
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Dight, Phillip, and Linda Snyman. "Stress measurement for St Barbara Mines Gwalia Deeps project — one of the world’s deepest underground haulage mines." In Fifth International Seminar on Deep and High Stress Mining. Australian Centre for Geomechanics, Perth, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.36487/acg_repo/1074_07.
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Cluff, Daniel, and Patrick Foster. "Advances in cryogenic chilling technology for deep mines." In First International Conference on Underground Mining Technology. Australian Centre for Geomechanics, Perth, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.36487/acg_rep/1710_10_cluff.
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Stepanov, Y. I., and E. S. Bushueva. "Experience in Applying the Natural Field Method in Salt Mines." In Engineering and Mining Geophysics 2020. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.202051063.
Full textReports on the topic "Mica mines and mining"
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Corriveau, L., J. F. Montreuil, O. Blein, E. Potter, M. Ansari, J. Craven, R. Enkin, et al. Metasomatic iron and alkali calcic (MIAC) system frameworks: a TGI-6 task force to help de-risk exploration for IOCG, IOA and affiliated primary critical metal deposits. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/329093.
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Australia's and China's resources (e.g. Olympic Dam Cu-U-Au-Ag and Bayan Obo REE deposits) highlight how discovery and mining of iron oxide copper-gold (IOCG), iron oxide±apatite (IOA) and affiliated primary critical metal deposits in metasomatic iron and alkali-calcic (MIAC) mineral systems can secure a long-term supply of critical metals for Canada and its partners. In Canada, MIAC systems comprise a wide range of undeveloped primary critical metal deposits (e.g. NWT NICO Au-Co-Bi-Cu and Québec HREE-rich Josette deposits). Underexplored settings are parts of metallogenic belts that extend into Australia and the USA. Some settings, such as the Camsell River district explored by the Dene First Nations in the NWT, have infrastructures and 100s of km of historic drill cores. Yet vocabularies for mapping MIAC systems are scanty. Ability to identify metasomatic vectors to ore is fledging. Deposit models based on host rock types, structural controls or metal associations underpin the identification of MIAC-affinities, assessment of systems' full mineral potential and development of robust mineral exploration strategies. This workshop presentation reviews public geoscience research and tools developed by the Targeted Geoscience Initiative to establish the MIAC frameworks of prospective Canadian settings and global mining districts and help de-risk exploration for IOCG, IOA and affiliated primary critical metal deposits. The knowledge also supports fundamental research, environmental baseline assessment and societal decisions. It fulfills objectives of the Canadian Mineral and Metal Plan and the Critical Mineral Mapping Initiative among others. The GSC-led MIAC research team comprises members of the academic, private and public sectors from Canada, Australia, Europe, USA, China and Dene First Nations. The team's novel alteration mapping protocols, geological, mineralogical, geochemical and geophysical framework tools, and holistic mineral systems and petrophysics models mitigate and solve some of the exploration and geosciences challenges posed by the intricacies of MIAC systems. The group pioneers the use of discriminant alteration diagrams and barcodes, the assembly of a vocab for mapping and core logging, and the provision of field short courses, atlas, photo collections and system-scale field, geochemical, rock physical properties and geophysical datasets are in progress to synthesize shared signatures of Canadian settings and global MIAC mining districts. Research on a metamorphosed MIAC system and metamorphic phase equilibria modelling of alteration facies will provide a foundation for framework mapping and exploration of high-grade metamorphic terranes where surface and near surface resources are still to be discovered and mined as are those of non-metamorphosed MIAC systems.
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Rodrigues-Moura, Enrique, and Christina Märzhauser. Renegotiating the subaltern : Female voices in Peixoto’s «Obra Nova de Língua Geral de Mina» (Brazil, 1731/1741). Otto-Friedrich-Universität, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.20378/irb-57507.
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Out of ~11.000.000 enslaved Africans disembarked in the Americas, ~ 46% were taken to Brazil, where transatlantic slave trade only ended in 1850 (official abolition of slavery in 1888). In the Brazilian inland «capitania» Minas Gerais, slave numbers exploded due to gold mining in the first half of 18th century from 30.000 to nearly 300.000 black inhabitants out of a total ~350.000 in 1786. Due to gender demographics, intimate relations between African women and European men were frequent during Antonio da Costa Peixoto’s lifetime. In 1731/1741, this country clerk in Minas Gerais’ colonial administration, originally from Northern Portugal, completed his 42-page manuscript «Obra Nova de Língua Geral de Mina» («New work on the general language of Mina») documenting a variety of Gbe (sub-group of Kwa), one of the many African languages thought to have quickly disappeared in oversea slaveholder colonies. Some of Peixoto’s dialogues show African women who – despite being black and female and therefore usually associated with double subaltern status (see Spivak 1994 «The subaltern cannot speak») – successfully renegotiate their power position in trade. Although Peixoto’s efforts to acquire, describe and promote the «Língua Geral de Mina» can be interpreted as a «white» colonist’s strategy to secure his position through successful control, his dialogues also stress the importance of winning trust and cultivating good relations with members of the local black community. Several dialogues testify a degree of agency by Africans that undermines conventional representations of colonial relations, including a woman who enforces her «no credit» policy for her services, as shown above. Historical research on African and Afro-descendant women in Minas Gerais documents that some did not only manage to free themselves from slavery but even acquired considerable wealth.
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Udd, J. E., and J. Pathak. Mining automation in Canadian hardrock mines - a progress report. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/328903.
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Bobrow, Danny J., Gary D. Johnpeer, and Glenn R. Osburn. Abandoned mines survey, Magdalena mining district, Socorro County, New Mexico--Final report. New Mexico Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.58799/ofr-246.
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van Staal, C. R., and W. M. Luff. The Brunswick No. 12 and No. 6 Mines, Brunswick Mining and Smelting Corporation Limited. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/132270.
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Pundt, Heather. Mining Culture in Roman Dacia: Empire, Community, and Identity at the Gold Mines of Alburnus Maior ca.107-270 C.E. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.800.
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Chenoweth, William L. The geology, leasing and production history of the Red Wash Point uranium-vanadium mines on H. S. Begay's mining permits, San Juan County, New Mexico. New Mexico Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.58799/ofr-432.
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Neubert, John T., and Robert H. Wood II. OF-01-13 History, Geology, and Environmental Setting of Selected Mines in the Chalk Creek Mining District, Pike/San Isabel National Forest, Chaffee County, Colorado. Colorado Geological Survey, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0113.lfcq4714.
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Wood II, Robert H. OF-03-13 History, Geology and Environmental Setting of the Southern Cross and 7D Mines, Hahns Peak Mining District, Routt National Forest, Routt County, Colorado. Colorado Geological Survey, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.58783/cgs.of0313.mitj6094.
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Савосько, Василь Миколайович, Юлія Бєлик, and Юрій Васильович Лихолат. Ecological and Geological Determination of the Initial Pedogenesis on Devastated Lands in the Kryvyi Rih Iron Mining & Metallurgical District (Ukraine). Journ. Geol. Geograph. Geoecology, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/3643.
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In our time, a very urgent problem is the cessation of negative impacts on the environment and the return to the practical use of the territories of devastated lands. In this regard, it is important to find out the basic laws of primary soil formation in the area of these man-made neoplasms. The initial soil formation conditions were analyzed on 19 experimental sites which represent the main varieties of devastated land in the Kryvyi Rih Iron Mining and Metallurgical District (Central Ukraine): (i) waste rock dumps of old iron mines (old name “Forges”), (ii) tailing storage facility of underground iron mines, (iii) waste rock dumps of the Iron Ore Mining and Dressing Plant, (iv) waste rock dumps of the Granite Quarry Plant. It was established that on the devastated lands in Kryvyi Rih District, the initial soil formation occurs in very difficult conditions. Therefore, over 25- 100 years only very primitive soils were formed. The following features are inherent to them: (1) primitive soil profile (thickness 10-100 mm), (2) low levels of soil organic substance content (9.5-11.5 %), (3) alkaline indicators of the soil solution (pHH2O – 8.08-8.92, pHKCl – 7.42-8.23), (4) low levels of cation exchange capacity (6.34-8.47 mMol /100 g). By results of correlation calculations, among the factors of soil formation time (duration of soil formation) and input of plant ash elements’ fall are characterized by the maximum number of statistically significant correlation coefficients and their numerical values. In terms of chemical composition of the technosol, the values of organic matter content and exchangeable acidity (pHKCl) were the most predictable soil formation factors. Generally physical / chemical characteristics of geological rocks (as parent material) and time were the two most important factors in determining the initial pedogenesis on devastated lands in the Kryvyi Rih Iron Mining & Metallurgical District (Ukraine).