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da Paixão, Mariana, Lauro Cézar Santos, and Haroldo Lima. "AN OVERVIEW ON THE MINERALOGY AND CRISTALLOGRAPHY FIELD COURSE GUIDE AT THE SERIDÓ PEGMATITIC PROVINCE: A CONTRIBUTION FOR UNDERGRADUATE GEOLOGY STUDENTS OF THE FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF PERNAMBUCO, BRAZIL." Estudos Geológicos 32, no. 2 (December 13, 2022): 72–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.18190/1980-8208/estudosgeologicos.v32n2p72-86.
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This report presents basic guidelines to help undergraduate first year geology students at the Federal University of Pernambuco Brazil. It reviews general aspects of the Mineralogy field trip presenting a comprehensive review on pegmatite classification, regional geology of the Seridó Pegmatitic Province (Rio Grande do Norte and Paraíba states) as well as local geological aspects of three mines that are visited and locally mapped. During the field trip, the Dedego, Pendanga and Sítio Mulungu mines are visited, offering the opportunity to describe pegmatites and host rocks in one of the most famous regions that produce industrial minerals and gemstones for commercial purposes. During the visit, crystallographic and physical aspects of granitic pegmatite-related minerals are discussed, including didactical varieties of quartz, feldspars, mica, tourmaline, garnet and beryl crystals. Mining aspects on pegmatitic rocks in the region are also accessed, allowing the first-year student to have an early contact with mineral exploration and mining companies and their professionals, which will be of great importance for their development during the geology undergraduate course.
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Bouchal, Tomáš, Jaroslav Závada, Hana Vojtková, Silvie Langarová, and Radim Havelek. "Primary Research of Mine Waters from the Chrustenice Iron-Ore Deposit/ Prvotní Průzkum Důlních Vod Železorudného Ložiska Chrustenice." GeoScience Engineering 58, no. 4 (December 1, 2012): 23–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/gse-2014-0041.
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Abstract This paper describes the primary research of mine waters in the Chrustenice Iron-ore Deposit. A particular attention is paid here to the research of microorganisms living in that environment. The goal of the research is to analyse mine waters in the area which was abandoned by people more than 45 years ago and to investigate microorganisms and representatives of species present there in the mine waters. The Chrustenice Mine ranked among the biggest and most important iron ore mines in Barrandien. This mine along with the mines in Nučice, Zdice, Nový Jáchymov and Mníšek pod Brdy contributed to the fame of the regional mining industry. Sedimentary oolitic iron ore in Chrustenice consists mostly of red iron ore based on Černín layers, siderite and, to a lesser extent, of haematite and chamosite. In exceptional cases, magnetite is present there. The Černín shale is black clay shale with sandy ingredients and many potash-mica scales. Now, the mine is flooded up to the 8th level. In the remaining area, there is a mining history museum with dozens of exhibits. In samples of the mining water taken on the site, mostly iron, manganese and sulphur microorganisms were identified. The primary study of the mine waters in the iron-ore deposit shows that, from the microbiological point of view, this site is very interesting and many chemolithotrophic species of bacteria are present there.
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Omanayin, Y.A., Ogunbajo, M. I., Waziri, N. M., Ako, T. A., Shuaibu, A. M., and Alaku, I. O. "Geochemical Investigation and Physical Impact Assessment of Artisanal Gold Mining, Kataeregi, North-Central Nigeria." International Journal of Science for Global Sustainability 2, no. 2 (June 25, 2016): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.57233/ijsgs.v2i2.252.
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The geochemistry of mine products and stream sediments from Kataeregi area in North-central Nigeria was studied with the objective of environmental hazards assessment that is caused by artisanal gold mining activities through field work and laboratory analyses. The field work involves the observation of physical impact of mining on the environment and collection of representative samples along the streams, mined site and tailings within the location of study. The sediment samples were analyzed using X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. The result obtained from laboratory analysis was compared with the ideal average crustal concentration of the elements in upper continental crust. Field observation revealed that mining activity has impacted on the environment with land destruction, loss of vegetation and erosion of soils. Geological field mapping show the area is underlain with Migmatite-Gneiss complex, Mica Schist, Granite and Sandstone lithologies. Results from geochemical analysis revealed that sediments are enriched with elements such as Au (0.23ppm), Ag (2.59ppm), Hg (0.21ppm) and Mo (1.14ppm). The presence of Hg in sediments can get consumed directly or indirectly through food chain and passed on to human.
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Jarc, Simona. "Statistical approach to interpretation of geochemical data of stream sediment in Pleše mining area." Geologija 65, no. 2 (December 21, 2022): 225–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5474/geologija.2022.013.
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The Ba, Pb and Zn ore deposit Pleše near Ljubljana is one of the formerly productive mines. The stream sediments were sampled and analysed by XRF to establish the effect of grain size, mineralization, and downstream location of sampling sites on geochemical composition based on various statistical analyses. Statistical analyses of the geochemical data confirm the impact of mineralization. The parametric t-test, non-parametric Mann-Whitney test and cluster analysis showed only minor differences in the geochemical composition of the samples with different grain sizes (< 0.063 mm and 0.063-2 mm). The parametric and non-parametric correlation coefficients as well as cluster analysis indicate that the contents of Si, Al, K, Rb, and Fe are associated with weathered rock forming minerals such as micas, and clay minerals, whereas Nb and Zr are associated with minerals resistant to weathering. Ca and Mg are associated with carbonates. S, Ba, Sr, Pb, Zn, and Mn indicate local mineralization with sulphates and sulphides. The results of the t-test and analysis of variance, Mann-Whitney tests and Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA of the groups established by the cluster analysis confirm that the contents of Ba, Pb and Sr have a statistically significant influence on the classification of the cluster group - i.e., the influence of sediment mineralization. There are no differences in elemental contents in the sediment samples downstream. The statistical approach to evaluate the geochemical data has proven useful and provides a good basis for further interpretation.
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Costa, Raphael. "Pegmatite fields of São Pedro de Ferros, Antônio Dias and Marilac, Minas Gerais State, Brazil: petrographic characterization." Journal UMinho Science 2 (October 18, 2023): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.21814/jus.4840.
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Pegmatites are rocks of granite or metastatic origin with gigantic crystals that are formed in fluid phase of the magmatic liquid enriched with incompatible elements, thats why they can be considered as gemstones and industrial minerals deposits. Both studied areas in the present article were genererated by anatexia process or partial fusion. The Jatobá Mine in the Pegmatitic Field of Ferros-Antônio Dias, in Santa Maria de Itabira, explores the aquamarine gem, a beryl variety, in a pegmatite that is located closer to the granite system of the quartz core and is docked in a gnaisse granitic rock from the Guanhães Complex. The collected sample was denominated like Quartzo alkali feldspar sienite in the Diagram QAPF. The blue color of the beryl is given by the intrusion of Fe. The Duas Cores Mining represents the Pegmatitic Field of Marilac, near Governador Valadares, and the exploration of bi-color tourmaline will begin soon. This mineral is in a very weathered pegmatite, positioned more at the end of the granite system and docked in the mica-schist rock of the São Tomé Formation. The sample was named Tonalite by the QAPF Diagram. The color variation of the explored gem is related to the enrichment of the Li element at the site.
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René, Miloš. "Nb-Ta-Ti oxides in topaz granites of the Ehrenfriedersdorf tin-tungsten ore deposit (Krušné hory Mts., Germany)." Geoscience Research Reports 56, no. 1 (May 9, 2023): 21–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3140/zpravy.geol.2023.04.
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Nb-Ta-Ti-bearing oxide minerals represent the most common hosts of Nb and Ta in high-F, high-P2O5, Li-mica granites from the Sauberg granite stock in the Krušné hory/Erzgebirge Mts. batholith (Figure 1). The stock hosts the Ehrenfriedersdorf ore deposit, representing the most significant Sn-W ore deposit in this area. This ore deposit was mined from the 13th century until the year 1990. Since July 2019, the Ehrenfriedersdorf mining landscape makes a significant part of the UNESCO world heritage site, the Montanregion ore mountains. Fine- to medium-grained granites of the Sauberg granite stock are composed by quartz, albite (An 0.1–0.5), K-feldspar (Or97–99, Ab1–3), Li-mica and topaz. Both feldspars are partly enriched in phosphorus (up to 0.52 wt. % P2O5). Apatite, zircon and monazite are accessory phases. The Nb-Ta-Ti-bearing oxide minerals – Nb-Ta-rich rutile, Fe-columbite, W-ixiolite occur in accessory amounts in ore-bearing structures together with cassiterite and wolframite. The main ore-bearing structures are represented by mineralised vein structures and metasomatic stringer zones, which are the most significant. The latter are characterised by numerous parallel to sub-parallel E-W striking en-echelon sets of ore veins. The Sauberg granite stock hosting the Nb-Ta mineralization is mostly formed by highly fractionated, highly peraluminous S-type granites (ASI = 1.2–1.4) with Nb/Ta ratio = 1.8–5.5 and depletion in CaO, MgO, Ba, Sr and high-field-strength elements. (Table 1, 2). The Nb-Ta-bearing rutile is the most common Nb and Ta carrier and occurs mostly as subhedral inclusions in Li-mica flakes. It has very low Mn/(Mn Fe) ratio (0.0–0.01) and low Ta/(Ta Nb) ratio (0.04–0.25) (Table 3). Columbite-group minerals are represented by columbite-(Fe) with a Mn/(Mn Fe) ratio varying from 0.11 to 0.14 and with relatively low Ta/(Ta Nb) values (0.08–0.26) (Table 4). The rare, W-ixiolite was observed as needle-like subhedral crystals and/or as inclusions in needle-like aggregates of wolframite. The W-ixiolite is Fe-rich with relatively low Mn/(Mn Fe) and Ta/(Ta Nb) values of 0.11–0.13 and 0.07–0.25, respectively (Table 5).
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Gvozdenko, T. A., I. A. Baksheev, E. I. Gerasimova, D. A. Khanin, M. V. Chervyakovskya, and V. O. Yapaskurt. "New data on chemical composition of lithium mica from granitic pegmatites of Murzinka pluton (Central Urals)." Moscow University Bulletin. Series 4. Geology, no. 3 (June 28, 2020): 81–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.33623/0579-9406-2020-3-81-88.
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Mica samples from granitic pegmatites of Mokrusha and Ministerskaya mines, Murzinka pluton, Central Urals are polylithionite, sokolovaite, trilithionite, Li-bearing muscovite, and annite–phlogopite series. Chromium and magnesium, uncommon elements for light mica are detected in samples from both mines, indicates host-rock contamination of pegmatites. The low values K/Rb ratio and Ta/Nb ratio define a very high degree of pegmatite differentiation of both mines.
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Knysh, Ivan, and Nadiya Kremin. "Zastinoche and budaniv sandstone deposits as potential geotourism objects of the Ternopil region." Visnyk of the Lviv University. Geology Series 35, no. 35 (2021): 111–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vgl.35.09.
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The article provides information on existing quarries for sandstone mining as promising geotourism locations within the Ternopil region (Western Ukraine). The study area is famous for its ancient mining of natural stone from Terebovlya sandstones. The object of research is located within the Eastern European platform on the territory of Zastinoche and Budanіv deposits. Since princely times, stone has been mined here for the construction of fortresses and defensive structures. Sediments of the Neogene and Devonian ages take part in the geological structure of the Zastinoche deposit. The mineral is represented by Devonian sandstone with an average thickness of 12 m, broken by horizontal and vertical cracks into boulders. Macroscopically, sandstone is represented by red-brown, brownish-red, greyish-red, reddish-grey, brownish-grey, pink-grey, greenish-grey and light grey variations. The Budaniv deposit is composed of Quaternary, Neogene, Cretaceous and Devonian rocks. The minerals here are the sandstones of the Ivanovo formation (Devonian), the sandstone stratum consists of two horizons. The average thickness of sandstones of the first horizon (red, thick-tiled) is 14.4 m, in the thickness of sandstones there are layers of argillites and siltstones. Sandstones of the second horizon are more thinly tiled, characterized by a thickness of 2.6 to 4.3 m. With depth, sandstones have a pink and pink-red colour. Both gray and pink variations of sandstones are fine-grained, quartz, feldspar-quartz, mica.. Cement is iron-clay; the clay part of it is sericite-silicon. Mining of sandstones at both deposits is carried out manually with the help of crowbars and wedges to the full depth. All processes for the extraction and manufacture of side and rubble stone are performed manually. Terebovlya sandstone is environmentally friendly, so it is used for the construction of facades as a natural heat insulator. Sandstone is frost-resistant and acid-resistant. It is widely used in modern architectural design and restoration of historical monuments in Europe; it is made of almost everything for facades. Among the architectural structures built of Terebovlya sandstone – a nine-arch railway bridge-viaduct near the village. Plebanivka, Terebovlya and Budaniv castles, Pidhoryany monastery of St. Basil the Great, a large number of churches and cathedrals. Geological and geotourism survey of Zastinoche and Budanіv sandstone quarries in the Ternopil region gives grounds to consider these locations as potential geotouristic objects.
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Whitson, Joseph. "Monumental Mines." Public Historian 41, no. 3 (August 1, 2019): 49–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/tph.2019.41.3.49.
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Through an analysis of three interpreted mines in northeastern Minnesota, this article illuminates how the region’s public history is complicit in the ongoing process of settler colonialism. Largely controlled by iron mining interests, the region’s public history and tourism industry is deeply invested in the future of mineral extraction, representing mining and white-ethnic mining culture as natural and indigenous to the landscape. This narrative erases Ojibwe presence in the region, ignoring both the role mining played in past environmental injustices as well as how it continues to threaten Ojibwe political and resource sovereignty.
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Ryberg, Trond, Moritz Kirsch, Christian Haberland, Raimon Tolosana-Delgado, Andrea Viezzoli, and Richard Gloaguen. "Ambient seismic noise analysis of LARGE-N data for mineral exploration in the Central Erzgebirge, Germany." Solid Earth 13, no. 3 (March 14, 2022): 519–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/se-13-519-2022.
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Abstract. Ambient seismic noise tomography is a novel, low-impact method for investigating the earth's structure. Although most passive seismic studies focus on structures on crustal scales, there are only a few examples of this technique being applied in a mineral exploration context. In this study, we performed an ambient seismic experiment to ascertain the relationship between the shallow shear wave velocity and mineralized zones in the Erzgebirge in Germany, one of the most important metal provinces in Europe. Late Variscan mineralized greisen and veins occurring in the Geyer-Ehrenfriedersdorf mining district of the Central Erzgebirge were mined from medieval times until the end of the 19th century. These occurrences represent a significant resource for commodities of high economic importance, such as tin, tungsten, zinc, indium, bismuth and lithium. Based on ambient noise data from a dense “LARGE-N” network comprising 400 low-power, short-period seismic stations, we applied an innovative tomographic inversion technique based on Bayesian statistics (transdimensional, hierarchical Monte Carlo search with Markov Chains using a Metropolis/Hastings sampler) to derive a three-dimensional shear wave velocity model. An auxiliary 3D airborne time-domain electromagnetic dataset is used to provide additional insight into the subsurface architecture of the area. The velocity model shows distinct anomalies down to approximately 500 m depth that correspond to known geological features of the study area, such as (a) gneiss intercalations in the mica schist-dominated host rock, imaged by a SW–NE striking low-velocity zone with a moderately steep northerly dip, and (b) a NW-trending strike-slip fault, imaged as a subvertical linear zone cross-cutting and offsetting this low-velocity domain. Similar to the velocity data, the electromagnetic data exhibit north-dipping (high-conductivity) structures in the mica schists, corresponding to the strike and dip of the predominant metamorphic fabric. An unsupervised classification performed on the bivariate 3D dataset yielded nine spatially coherent classes, one of which shows a high correspondence with drilled greisen occurrences in the roof zone of a granite pluton. The relatively high mean shear velocity and resistivity values of this class could be explained by changes in density and composition during greisen formation, as observed in other areas of the Erzgebirge. Our study demonstrates the great potential of the cost-efficient and low-impact ambient noise technology for mineral exploration, especially when combined with other independent geophysical datasets.
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Davis, Richmond P. "SUBMARINE MINES AND MINING." Journal of the American Society for Naval Engineers 20, no. 3 (March 18, 2009): 674–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-3584.1908.tb02136.x.
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Pedrosa-Soares, Antônio Carlos, Mario Luiz Chaves, Ricardo Scholz, and Coralie Dias. "PEG2009 PRE-SYMPOSIUM FIELD TRIP GUIDE: EASTERN BRAZILIAN PEGMATITE PROVINCE (MINAS GERAIS)." Estudos Geológicos 32, no. 2 (December 13, 2022): 37–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.51359/1980-8208/estudosgeologicos.v32n2p37-51.
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Pegmatite gemstones became officially known in the Brazil history since the last decades of the 17th century, when green tourmalines were found in the central-northeastern Minas Gerais region by Fernão Dias Paes Leme, one of the most famous leaders of Brazilian colonizers. Later, pioneer naturalists and geologists of the 19th century first decades, such as von Eschwege, von Spix & von Martius and Saint-Hilaire, referred to pegmatite gem deposits and/or trading of coloured gems in regions of the Araçuaí, Jequitinhonha, Doce and Mucuri river valleys. However, only in the 20th century, particularly during and after the Second World War, pegmatites became important mineral deposits in Brazil owing to efforts to increase the production of mica, beryl and quartz for the USA military industry. This mining development was accompanied by pioneer geologic studies and several new mineral specimens were discovered. Accordingly, the Brazilian pegmatite populations were grouped into the Eastern, Northern and Southern Brazilian pegmatite provinces. These provinces were defined mainly based on the geographical distribution of pegmatites, because at that time Brazil lacked geological maps even for a regional approach. This guide was elaborated for a pre-symposium field trip held before 2009 PEG - 4th International Symposium on Granitic Pegmatites, and focused on different aspects of pegmatites located in three important districts of the Eastern Brazilian Pegmatite Province (EBPP), namely São José da Safira, Conselheiro Pena and Araçuaí pegmatite districts. The field trip included from primitive garimpos for mineral exploitation to a very organized mine, showing pegmatites with different mineral (beryl, phosphate, spodumene or tourmaline) specializations that are related to distinct geologic settings and genetic conditions. A visit to a quarry for dimension stone on a pegmatite body was also scheduled. This guide also presents a synthesis on the geologic setting of the main EBPP pegmatite districts and their main features, followed by brief descriptions of the field trip stops. Those were the Ipê Pegmatite in Governador Valadares town, Sapucaia Pegmatite in the town of Galileia, Boa Vista and Cigana Pegmatites in the town of Conselheiro Pena, K2 Ornamental Pegmatite Quarry in Itinga town, CBL Spodumene Mine in Araçuaí town, Água Santa Mine and a pegmatite swarm which occurs along a road cut of the BR-342, both located in the town of Coronel Murta.
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Chen, Haoyi, Zhiheng Cheng, and Dezhong Kong. "Evaluation of mining capacity of mines using the combination weighting approach: A case study in Shenmu Mining Area in Shaanxi Province, China." Science Progress 104, no. 4 (October 2021): 003685042110440. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00368504211044032.
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Aiming at the low mining rate in mines, Xingelao, Dabianyao, and Dongliang Coal Mines in Shenmu Mining Area, Shaanxi Province, China were taken as research objects. Based on this, this study constructed an evaluation index system for the mining capacity of the mines from the perspectives of geological factors, mechanical equipment, humans, and mining design. Moreover, the factors influencing the mining capacity of the mines were evaluated using a combination weighting approach based on an improved analytic hierarchy process and an entropy weight method. A standard cloud was generated based on the mapping standards of each index and a comprehensive cloud was obtained according to comprehensive weight and a backward cloud algorithm. Finally, by combining the comprehensive cloud with local and overall scores of the mines, the mining capacities of the mines were evaluated. The research results demonstrate that the key factor restricting the mining capacity of the mines is the geological environment and five major third-grade indexes affecting mining capacity are igneous rock intrusion, collapse column, scouring zone of the ancient river bed, mechanization level and coal pillar width. In addition, the corresponding suggestions and measures were put forward according to the main factors influencing the mining rate of the mines. In accordance with the weights and scores of each index, the overall scores of the mines were calculated. Dongliang, Dabianyao, and Xingelao Coal Mines were ranked in order based on scores. The research results provide a theoretical basis for improving the mining capacity of the mines under similar geological conditions.
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Li, Shuai, Peiyuan Zou, Haoxuan Yu, Boyi Hu, and Xinmin Wang. "Advantages of Backfill Mining Method for Small and Medium-Sized Mines in China: Safe, Eco-Friendly, and Efficient Mining." Applied Sciences 13, no. 12 (June 19, 2023): 7280. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13127280.
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Despite China’s position as a global mining powerhouse, tens of thousands of small- and medium-sized mines (SM mines) within the country continue to pose potential safety hazards and environmental pollution risks. Only through the identification of suitable development paths can these mines improve their economic and environmental benefits, ultimately driving significant progress in China’s mining industry. Backfill mining, an environmentally friendly mining method, has emerged as a viable solution, offering the potential to ensure mining safety, reduce environmental pollution stemming from tailings stockpiles, and enhance ore resource recovery. This review article aims to provide researchers and readers with a comprehensive understanding of the current situation and challenges faced by SM mines in China. It explores the mining processes, technologies, and equipment commonly employed by these mines while addressing the specific problems and challenges they encounter. Furthermore, the article offers recommendations to guide the future development of SM mines. Additionally, the review examines the prospects and potential applications of backfill mining methods within the context of SM mines in China, emphasizing their role in promoting sustainable mining practices, environmental protection, and waste utilization. Ultimately, this comprehensive review article serves as a valuable resource, stimulating discourse and encouraging experts and scholars to further explore the unique challenges and opportunities associated with SM mines. By highlighting the significance of green mining practices, environmental protection, backfill mining, and waste utilization, the article aims to inspire innovative solutions and foster sustainable practices within the Chinese mining industry.
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Pretes, Michael. "Touring mines and mining tourists." Annals of Tourism Research 29, no. 2 (April 2002): 439–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0160-7383(01)00041-x.
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Du, Kun, Junjie Xie, Wenqin Xi, Liang Wang, and Jian Zhou. "Construction Practices of Green Mines in China." Sustainability 16, no. 1 (January 4, 2024): 461. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16010461.
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To maintain high-level economic development, protect the ecological environment, and achieve carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals, the construction of green mines has become a critical issue in China. In this study, the importance of mineral resources to human society is discussed, and the construction experiences and sustainable development directions of green mines are summarized, which can provide valuable references for the global mining industry. The entry and management process in China was introduced to help understand green mines’ construction objectives and tasks. Moreover, based on the successful construction cases of green mines, four typical green mine models are concluded: the green technology mining model, operation modernization mining model, stability mining model, and ecological restoration mining model. In addition, the key construction elements of green mines are concluded, for example, the mining environment, mining methods, comprehensive utilization of resources, energy conservation, emission reduction, scientific and technological innovation and intelligence, and enterprise-land stability, which provided the directions and guidance for green mine construction.
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Thompson, Woodrow B., Alexander U. Falster, and Thomas J. Mortimer. "The Keyes Mica Mines, Orange, Grafton County, New Hampshire." Rocks & Minerals 97, no. 4 (June 28, 2022): 302–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00357529.2022.2053622.
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Edmonds, Clive N. "Chapter 12 Subsidence – chalk mining." Geological Society, London, Engineering Geology Special Publications 29, no. 1 (2020): 311–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/egsp29.12.
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AbstractOld chalk and flint mine workings occur widely across southern and eastern England. Over 3500 mines are recorded in the national Stantec Mining Cavities Database and more are being discovered each year. The oldest flint mines date from the Neolithic period and oldest chalk mines from at least medieval times, possibly Roman times. The most intensive period for mining was during the 1800s, although some mining activities continued into the 1900s. The size, shape and extent of the mines vary considerably with some types only being found in particular areas. They range from crudely excavated bellpits to more extensive pillar-and-stall styles of mining. The mines were created for a series of industrial, building and agricultural purposes. Mining locations were not formally recorded so most are discovered following the collapse of the ground over poorly backfilled shafts and adits. The subsidence activity, often triggered by heavy rainfall or leaking water services, poses a hazard to the built environment and people. Purpose-designed ground investigations are needed to map out the mine workings and carry out follow-on ground stabilization after subsidence events. Where mine workings can be safely entered they can sometimes be stabilized by reinforcement rather than infilling.
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Treyman, Marina, Anna Bezdudnaya, Vladimir Razumovsky, and Roman Smirnov. "Research, control and greening of mica mining processes in the regions." E3S Web of Conferences 525 (2024): 02001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202452502001.
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The article examines the features of mica as a strategically important mineral raw material for the industrial sector. The purpose of the study was to analyze the situation in mica mining in Russia and conduct an environmental audit of the territories. Mica is an important resource, and its extraction is fraught with difficulties, mainly due to the need to green production processes. An analysis of the situation regarding resource extraction in the region was carried out and the Irkutsk region was identified as a promising source of resources. Mica mining has a negative impact on all areas: public health, water and land resources, the formation of waste dumps and waste heaps, and air pollution due to dust. Thus, mica is a strategically important resource for the economy of the Russian Federation and several of its regions.
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Papastefanaki, Leda. "Family, Gender, and Labour in the Greek Mines, 1860–1940." International Review of Social History 65, no. 2 (November 8, 2019): 267–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020859019000580.
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AbstractTo date, research on work in the mines in Greece has ignored the significance of gender in the workplace, since mining is associated exclusively with male labour. As such, it is considered, indirectly, not subject to gender relations. The article examines the influence of family and gender relations on labour in the Greek mines in the period 1860–1940 by highlighting migration trajectories, paternalistic practices, and the division of labour in mining communities.Sources include: official publications of the Mines Inspectorate and the Mines and Industrial Censuses, the Greek Miners’ Fund Archive, British and French consular reports, various economic and technical reports by experts, literature and narratives, the local press from mining regions, and the Archive of the Seriphos Mines.
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Otto, James. "Mining directory 1996/1997 US mines and mining companies." Resources Policy 23, no. 4 (December 1997): 202–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0301-4207(97)90038-6.
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Tyuleneva, Tatyana. "Improvement of production control of coal mining enterprises with underground mining method." E3S Web of Conferences 303 (2021): 01017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202130301017.
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Production safety is one of the problems of competitiveness of underground mining enterprises, one manifestation of which is the reduction and minimization of the number of accidents and incidents of personal injury or even death. To solve this problem, it is necessary to improve the system of production control of coal mines in order to eliminate these factors. Relative indicators of accidents and injuries at underground coal mines of Russia in comparison with the average indicators are considered, and also importance of the human factor in the occurrence of dangerous production situations and the evaluation of their causes and effects are revealed. In addition, the article considers the most common violations of safety requirements for underground coal mining, analyzes the experience of foreign countries in improving the production control system, assesses the possibility of its application for improving production control at Russian coal mines, and determines main areas for implementing a risk-based approach at coal mining enterprises.
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Horyń, Ewa. "Tendencje w dawnym nazewnictwie kopalń. Rekonesans." Textus et Studia, no. 4(36) (January 23, 2024): 147–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.15633/tes.09409.
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This article is an introduction to research in the field of historical nomenclature related to the mining environment. Names of mines will be analysed from a cultural perspective. Historical works on mining and mining culture, monographs of individual mines, tourist materials, guides, as well as information available online, have been helpful in establishing or supplementing information about the collected names. In the article, the most important naming trends visible in the examined onimic resources will be presented on the basis of selected examples. The collected names of mines are a testimony to mining activities and also, constitute an important part of the cultural and civilisational heritage of Polish mining tradition.
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Ma, Chuanbin. "Exploration of the Application of Green Mining Technology in Coal Mines under the New Situation." Applied Science and Innovative Research 8, no. 1 (March 2, 2024): p159. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/asir.v8n1p159.
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This paper discusses the application of green mining technology in coal mines under the new situation, considering the environmental pressures and requirements for sustainable development faced by coal mining. Firstly, it introduces the definition and principles of green mining, along with its development history, and analyzes the importance of relevant policies and regulations. Subsequently, it analyzes the demands faced by coal mining under the new situation, including the relationship between environmental issues and sustainable development, the impact of new energy development on coal mines, and social demands and public opinion pressure. Furthermore, through application cases, it showcases the specific practices of green mining technology in coal mines, involving environmental protection technology, energy efficiency improvement technology, and green mining technology. When discussing the challenges and issues of technology application, it focuses on technical difficulties, economic feasibility, and human resources and training needs. Finally, it looks ahead to the prospects of green mining technology in coal mines, emphasizing the importance of sustainable development and proposing suggestions regarding technological innovation, policy support, and corporate responsibilities.
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Kalinda, Roy, and Kusanthan Thankian. "Women and Mining in Zambia: Opportunities and Challenges." Journal of Scientific Research and Reports 29, no. 4 (April 19, 2023): 34–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jsrr/2023/v29i41742.
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The rise of urbanisation in colonial Zambia particularly on the Copperbelt province is associated with the discovery of minerals in the early 1900s. The widespread discovery of minerals and exploitation of the same minerals required labour both skilled and unskilled labour. Skilled labour was drawn from overseas while unskilled labour was available from the local population. During the colonial period, the predominant labour force on the mines were men while women were by law were not allowed to enter towns during the early years of urbanization or to take residence in urban areas anywhere in the country. Early researchers commented that early African migration to mine towns essentialised as men’s wage work, depended on agricultural and reproductive labour performed by women, who officially remained in rural areas. Local labour migrations were highly restricted and employment of women in urban areas was scarce or none existent in the initial stages of urbanisation.
Skilled and none skilled labour for women employees on the mines initially did not exist in the colonial period because they (women) were not viewed as important labourers needed for production in the mines. This restriction of women in urban areas created a legacy of gender inequalities in almost all the sectors of labour employment and more so in the mining sector during the colonial period. Consequently, one can argue that since the colonial period to date, women have been a minority group in the mines occupying low positions in their majority compared to men and very few women hold executive positions in the mining sector.
Employment during the colonial period was not easily found due to clear discrimination. The end result of this type of discrimination in employment resulted in few or no women at all in some instances in the mines. With passage of time, women were allowed into towns and on the mines but formal jobs for women were difficult to find. The current state of gender inequalities in the mines in Zambia today is a carryover from the colonial period. Currently, training institutions for mine workers such as universities, colleges and technical institute are still dominated by male students.
The above situation eventually results into a gendered labour force in the mines with men occupying highly skilled jobs while women dominate the low skilled and non-skilled jobs in mining conglomerates. The current gender inequalities on the mines are historically embedded in the mines as patriarchal institutions owned and ran by the same men. Consequently, very few women are in the executive positions in mines and even very few do own mines.
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Le, Thao Qui, Nam Xuan Bui, Hieu Dinh Vu, and Hoa Thu Thi Le. "Research on selective sequence of appropriate mining technology for placer titanium mines in Binh Thuan province." Journal of Mining and Earth Sciences 61, no. 5 (October 10, 2020): 33–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.46326/jmes.ktlt2020.03.
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Binh Thuan province has significant reserves of placer titanium, occupies approximately 92% total reserves of Vietnam. Geological condition of the deposit is quite uncomfortable for mining activities. At present, selection of appropriate mining technology for placer titanium mines in Binh Thuan province is a scientific and practical problem. In this paper, authors researched and developed a selective sequence of appropriate mining technology for placer titanium mines in Binh Thuan province, consists of (1) feasible mining technological schemes, (2) appropriate mining order, (3) possibility of providing water for mine, (4) ensuring slope stability, (5) comfortable alternatives for land rehabilitation and restoration, and (6) high economic effect. With this selective sequence, the appropriate mining technology for placer titanium mines in Binh Thuan province can be selected, and contributes to enhance mining effect, ensures safety and protect environment.
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Kasztelewicz, Zbigniew. "Approaches to Post-Mining Land Reclamation in Polish Open-Cast Lignite Mining." Civil And Environmental Engineering Reports 12, no. 1 (June 26, 2014): 55–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ceer-2014-0006.
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Abstract The paper presents the situation regarding the reclamation of post-mining land in the case of particular lignite mines in Poland until 2012 against the background of the whole opencast mining. It discusses the process of land purchase for mining operations and its sales after reclamation. It presents the achievements of mines in the reclamation and regeneration of post-mining land as a result of which-after development processes carried out according to European standards-it now serves the inhabitants as a recreational area that increases the attractiveness of the regions.
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Liu, X., L. Li, and Y. Yang. "Development status of coal mining in China." Journal of the Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy 123, no. 1 (February 23, 2023): 19–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2411-9717/1506/2023.
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Coal mining in China is facing the transition from output to quality. Based on the total mining capacity and average production, the current situation of coal mining at mine, city, and province levels is analysed, and data in support for the layout of sustainable mining development and the optimization of output provided. The results show that 87% of China's coal is mined by underground methods, with an average production capacity of 0.93 Mt/a per mine. Open pit mining accounts for 13%, with an average mine production capacity of 5.73 Mt/a. The average mining capacity of coal mines in China is 1.05 Mt/a, with 1181 coal mines with an average capacity less than 0.3 Mt/a, accounting for 35% of the total coal mines but contributing only 4.51% to output. They are distributed in about 48 cities in six provinces, seriously restricting the transition to green coal mining. The coal industry should speed up the closure of small coal mines in key provinces and cities, eliminate outdated production capacity in the central region, increase the speed and proportion of coal resources moving westward, and promote high-quality development of coal mining.
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Ren, Gao Feng, Zhao Ming Qian, and Zhong Chun Hu. "Research on Secondary Resource Utilization and Mining Damage Control in Gob-Effect Gypsum Mines." Applied Mechanics and Materials 253-255 (December 2012): 1093–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.253-255.1093.
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Room-and-pillar mining method plays a dominant role in gypsum mines, which owns a low resource recovery ratio and has left many gobs leading a series of safety production problems to mining enterprises. To get an utmost resource recovery and avoid gob collapse, a secondary utilization scheme has been made by feasibility analysis and theoretical calculation. In this scheme, theoretical calculation about the occurrence conditions of mining damage has been done, and the deep research direction of the mining damage mechanism in gob-effect gypsum mines has been pointed out. This research and its train of thought could provide the gob-effect gypsum mines with reference that would increase ore recovery ratio and prevent mining damage.
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Xu, Shi Da, Yuan Hui Li, and Jian Po Liu. "Application of Wasteless Mining in Hongtoushan Copper Mine." Advanced Materials Research 734-737 (August 2013): 722–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.734-737.722.
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As we all know, a large number of waste rock which caused many serious problem produced in mining. The pollution caused by waste rock in mining is threating the human society seriously in some aspects. Wasteless mining is more and more popular to relieve the burden of mines. As one of the deepest mines in China, Hongtoushan Copper Mine began to establish waste rock filling system in 1995. After three phases of the waste rock filling system, all the waste rock was used to fill the goaf in underground mining in 2012. The wasteless rock mining had brought RMB 8 million and good social benefits. It offered a good suggestion for similar mines in China.
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Waskitho, Nugroho Tri, Risaka Desi Amelida, Febri Arif Cahyo Wibowo, Yahya Jani, and Nirmala Ayu Aryanti. "The Characteristic of Teak Growing in Three Areas (Mine, Non-Mining, and Ex-Mining) Forest Management Unit Parengan Bojonegoro, Indonesia." BIO Web of Conferences 104 (2024): 00031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202410400031.
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Bojonegoro Regency has an oil mining location where it is estimated that Indonesia’s crude oil reserves are 25 % of national needs. The location is in Forest Management Unit (Kesatuan Pengelolaan Hutan - KPH) Parengan which has a teak forest (Tectona grandis L.) with a very close oil mining radius. The aim of the research is to determine the differences in the characteristics of teak growing places and to determine the types of petroleum fractions in active oil mines, former oil mines and those without oil mines. The research method uses a circle plot (17.8 m) with a Sampling Intensity (IS) of 20 % with data analysis results using a one sample test and a Least Significant Difference (LSD) alpha test of 5 %. The characteristics of the teak growing area at each location have different values for height, P content, C content, number of oil fractions and temperature. The types of petroleum fractions in active oil mines are naphtha, kerosene, fuel oil and wax. Ex-oil mines contain gasoline (premium), kerosene, aviation fuel, light gas, fuel oil, lubricating oil, wax and asphalt. In locations without oil mines there is kerosene, aviation fuel, gasoline (premium) and light gas.
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Gaule, Sally. "Mining photographs: David Goldblatt’sOn the Mines." Social Dynamics 40, no. 1 (January 2, 2014): 122–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02533952.2014.884266.
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Veress, Márton. "Rubble Mines in the Environs of Veszprém (Bakony Region, Hungary)." Mining 3, no. 4 (September 25, 2023): 579–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mining3040032.
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In the Bakony Region, in the mines of dolomite (dolostone) surfaces between the settlements of Márkó and Pétfürdő (Várpalota), in rubble beds exposed by them and with the consideration of these, the process of rubble formation is studied here in order to interpret the characteristics of rubble beds (different thicknesses and vertical changes in grain size) in the studied area. The mines in the area (differentiated between old-school/traditional mining or mechanical mining) were classified with the consideration of mining methods. Rubble varieties were differentiated, the bedding of rubble beds was studied along profiles, and the elevation difference between mines of mechanical mining and Stream Séd was determined. The calcareous content and structure compactness of 124 samples originating from dolomite, rubble, and non-rubble in the Bakony Region were compared. The data prove that the rubble developed by dissolution. Dissolution might have been caused by both meteoric water and karstwater. The rubble of mines excavated by traditional mining mainly developed to the effect of the dissolution effect of meteoric water (the rubble beds are of coarser and coarser grain size downwards), while the mines excavated by mechanical mining were formed to the dissolution effect of karstwater (the rubble beds are coarser and coarser upwards). The formation of rubble by karstwater origin has not been mentioned in the literature yet. However, dissolution of meteoric water origin may also take place in the case of the latter, and dissolution of karstwater origin also plays a role in the development of mines excavated by traditional mining.
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Sweatman, Winston, and Kevin White. "MISG, mines and variability." ANZIAM Journal 63 (June 7, 2022): C43—C55. http://dx.doi.org/10.21914/anziamj.v63.17154.
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In 2016, a Mathematics-in-Industry Study Group (MISG) project considered the construction of mining sequences, that is, the process connecting ore extraction with specific orders. In particular, the meeting considered the potential for using knowledge about geological variability within the ore. This article revisits this MISG project and the approach developed for thinking about the problem as the build for an order progresses. We provide new perspectives on this approach and outline possible ways for further development. References L. Caccetta and S. P. Hill. An application of branch and cut to open pit mine scheduling. J. Global Opt. 27 (2003), pp. 349–365. doi: 10.1023/A:1024835022186 M. Ibrahimov, A. Mohais, S. Schellenberg, and Z. Michalewicz. Scheduling in iron ore open-pit mining. Int. J. Adv. Man. Tech. 72.5–8 (2014), pp. 1021–1037. doi: 10.1007/s00170-014-5619-8 M. Menabde, G. Froyland, P. Stone, and G. A. Yeates. Mining schedule optimisation for conditionally simulated orebodies. Advances in Applied Strategic Mine Planning. Ed. by R. Dimitrakopoulos. Springer International Publishing, 2018, pp. 91–100. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-69320-0_8 W. L. Sweatman, K. White, A. Albrecht, M. Peron, P. Pudney, and D. Whittle. Mining sequencing to control blend quality. Proceedings of the 2016 Mathematics and Statistics in Industry Study Group, MISG-2016. Ed. by P. Pudney and A. J. Roberts. Vol. 58. ANZIAM J. 2018, pp. M33–M66. doi: 10.21914/anziamj.v58i0.12475
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Ma, Baodong, Xiangru Yang, Yajiao Yu, Yang Shu, and Defu Che. "Investigation of Vegetation Changes in Different Mining Areas in Liaoning Province, China, Using Multisource Remote Sensing Data." Remote Sensing 13, no. 24 (December 20, 2021): 5168. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13245168.
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Mining can provide necessary mineral resources for humans. However, mining activities may cause damage to the surrounding ecology and environment. Vegetation change analysis is a key tool for evaluating damage to ecology and the environment. Liaoning is one of the major mining provinces in China, with rich mineral resources and long-term, high-intensity mining activities. Taking Liaoning Province as an example, vegetation change in six mining areas was investigated using multisource remote sensing data to evaluate ecological and environmental changes. Based on MODIS NDVI series data from 2000 to 2019, change trends of vegetation were evaluated using linear regression. According to the results, there are large highly degraded vegetation areas in the Anshan, Benxi, and Yingkou mining areas, which indicates that mining activities have seriously damaged the vegetation in these areas. In contrast, there are considerable areas with improved vegetation in the Anshan, Fushun, and Fuxin mining areas, which indicates that ecological reclamation has played a positive role in these areas. Based on Sentinel-2A data, leaf chlorophyll content was inferred by using the vegetation index MERIS Terrestrial Chlorophyll Index (MTCI) after measurement of leaf spectra and chlorophyll content were carried out on the ground to validate the performance of MTCI. According to the results, the leaf chlorophyll content in the mines is generally lower than in adjacent areas in these mining areas with individual differences. In the Yingkou mining area, the chlorophyll content in adjacent areas is close to the magnesite mines, which means the spillover effect of environmental pollution in mines should be considerable. In the Anshan, Benxi, and Diaobingshan mining areas, the environmental stress on adjacent areas is slight. All in all, iron and magnesite open-pit mines should be monitored closely for vegetation destruction and stress due to the high intensity of mining activities and serious pollution. In contrast, the disturbance to vegetation is limited in resource-exhausted open-pit coal mines and underground coal mines. It is suggested that land reclamation should be enhanced to improve the vegetation in active open-pit mining areas, such as the Anshan, Benxi, and Yingkou mining areas. Additionally, environmental protection measures should be enhanced to relieve vegetation stress in the Yingkou mining area.
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Mocek, Piotr. "Research on the Environmental Impact of Industrial Noise Emitted By Mine and Mining Plants." Management Systems in Production Engineering 30, no. 2 (May 19, 2022): 146–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/mspe-2022-0018.
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Abstract The article presents the results of measurements of environmental noise accompanying the operation of devices operated in surface facilities of hard coal mines and noise generated in technological processes related to the loading and transport of spoil and materials necessary for production. The research results presented in the article are part of the program of “Consequences of excessive noise in the mining environment of hard coal mines”, the overarching goal of which is to reduce the emission of industrial noise. The research described in the article, carried out using the sampling method, was introduced in order to determine the actual values of noise levels emitted to the external environment from mines and mining plants, as well as to identify the acoustic power levels of devices and processes constituting the main sources of noise in mines. The obtained results showed that mines and mining plants are often not fully aware of the scale of the environmental impact of undesirable noise they emit. Therefore, the current periodic measurements of environmental noise should be replaced with permanent monitoring, which will be beneficial not only for the environment, residents of housing estates located near mines, but also for the mining plants themselves.
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Deng, Bao Ping, Shuai Liu, Chen Wang, Yao Dong Jiang, and Hong Wei Wang. "Numerical Investigation on Passing through Goaf in Coal Mine Failurezone." Applied Mechanics and Materials 275-277 (January 2013): 1518–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.275-277.1518.
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Random mining by small coal mines left many destruction districts with a large range in Fenxi mining district. According to incomplete statistics, the destroyed areas by small coal mines amount to nearly one hundred square kilometers and have over three hundred million tons of resource reserves in Xinliu, Xinyu and Xinyang these three fields. Small coal mines tend to use outdated techniques such as replacing mining with advancement, small excavation with large stoping and room pillar mining technique, which have a stoping rate of only 10% to 25%. Some of the wellheads were not closed seamlessly, which resulted in self-combustion; some were damaged due to the mining of the lower coal seam. A serious security risk existed during the mining of the lower coal seam due to the uncertainty of gas, water and roof pressure. In addition, the destructed area by small coal mines is badly large in Shanxi Province and even the whole country which remains a huge amount of resources. The implementation of this subject is significant.
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CLARY, RENEE M. "THE ROYAL SCHOOL OF MINES: HENRY DE LA BECHE’S CONVERGENCE OF PROFESSIONALIZATION AND PUBLIC ADVOCACY." Earth Sciences History 39, no. 2 (November 12, 2020): 291–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.17704/1944-6187-39.2.291.
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ABSTRACT Several European countries instituted mining schools in the late 1700s, including France, Germany, Hungary, and Russia. However, since England’s mining industry was privatized with little government involvement, Great Britain was decades behind with the creation of a school of mines. In 1835, Henry De la Beche (1796–1855) became the first director of the Ordnance Geological Survey, precursor to the British Geological Survey. De la Beche used this position to advance geology’s professionalization, which would include the establishment of an applied geology museum, mining records storehouse, and a school of mines. The Museum of Economic Geology, displaying the country’s mineral resources and geology, was De la Beche’s first success. Founded in 1835, it opened to the public in 1841. The Mining Records Office opened in 1840 as a repository for plans of working and abandoned mines. An early public advocate for workers’ safety, De la Beche lobbied for government inspections of collieries, immediate reporting of mining accidents, and proper plans of mines. The School of Mines was De la Beche’s third accomplishment in geology’s professionalization. As an outgrowth of the museum, it was formally opened in 1851 along with the larger Museum of Practical Geology, the Museum of Economic Geology’s successor. De la Beche’s intent for the School of Mines—instruction as a combination of science and practice—seems modern in its approach. In 1843, funding was allocated for lectures on the practical applications of geology, but these were not implemented until the School of Mines opened in 1851. In his effort to educate everyone—from miner to mine owner—De la Beche transcended social boundaries and supported open, public lectures. As a result, some considered him a class traitor. De la Beche used his position to advocate for advancement of the mining industry to include miner safety and public education. Therefore, while the Royal School of Mines emerged later than many of its European counterparts, it was part of a systematic professionalization of geology, coupled with education and a public advocacy for mining participants.
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Elmardi Suleiman Khayal, Dr Osama Mohammed, and Dr Elhassan Bashier Elagab. "A REVIEW STUDY IN MINING INDUSTRY." International Journal of Engineering Applied Sciences and Technology 7, no. 6 (October 1, 2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.33564/ijeast.2022.v07i06.001.
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a comprehensive literature review of mining extraction and industry was made. The review discusses thoroughly mining industry from different viewpoints that includes general introduction, historical background of mining industry, mines development and life cycle, mining extraction techniques, machines used in mining processes, mineral processing, environmental effect on operators and the surrounding area, mining industry, safety precautions in mining industry, human rights abuses occurring within mining sites and communities in close proximity, mines records, metal reserves and recycling, and finally the mining industry in Sudan which includes history, production & impact, legal frame work, commodities, gold extraction and outlook.
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Morony, Michael. "The Early Islamic Mining Boom." Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 62, no. 1 (December 6, 2019): 166–221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685209-12341477.
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AbstractThe present article shows that, according to archaeological and literary evidence, an expansion in mining occurred in the early Islamic world as a result of changes in mining technology at the end of Late Antiquity. The production of gold, silver, copper, iron, and other minerals is shown to have peaked in the eighth and ninth centuries and then to have declined during the tenth and eleventh centuries due to insecurity and/or exhaustion of the mines. Mining development was financed privately, and mines were usually private property.
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Li, Hanting, Miaomiao Xie, Huihui Wang, Shaoling Li, and Meng Xu. "Spatial Heterogeneity of Vegetation Response to Mining Activities in Resource Regions of Northwestern China." Remote Sensing 12, no. 19 (October 6, 2020): 3247. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12193247.
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Aggregated mining development has direct and indirect impacts on vegetation changes. This impact shows spatial differences due to the complex influence of multiple mines, which is a common issue in resource regions. To estimate the spatial heterogeneity of vegetation response to mining activities, we coupled vegetation changes and mining development through a geographically weighted regression (GWR) model for three cumulative periods between 1999 and 2018 in integrated resource regions of northwestern China. Vegetation changes were monitored by Sen’s slope and the Mann–Kendall test according to a total of 72 Landsat images. Spatial distribution of mining development was quantified, due to four land-use maps in 2000, 2005, 2010, and 2017. The results showed that 80% of vegetation in the study area experienced different degrees of degradation, more serious in the overlapping areas of multiple mines and mining areas. The scope of influence for single mines on vegetation shrunk by about 48%, and the mean coefficients increased by 20%, closer to mining areas. The scope of influence for multiple mines on vegetation gradually expanded to 86% from the outer edge to the inner overlapping areas of mining areas, where the mean coefficients increased by 92%. The correlation between elevation and vegetation changes varied according to the average elevation of the total mining areas. Ultimately, the available ecological remediation should be systematically considered for local conditions and mining consequences.
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Wang, Yuqing, Yongkui Shi, and Jian Hao. "Safety Evaluation and Simulation Research of Filling Mining Mine—A Case Study of Jisuo Coal Mine." Sustainability 15, no. 13 (June 26, 2023): 10156. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su151310156.
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With the demand for green mining in coal mines, filling mining is becoming more and more popular, resulting in more complex production systems and more potential safety hazards. Therefore, it is very important to evaluate the safety of filling mining mines and propose improvement measures. Aiming at the safety evaluation method of filling mining mines, this paper innovatively proposes a safety evaluation method based on entropy weight–attribute mathematical theory, which enriches the theoretical research related to the safety evaluation model of filling mining mines. Five secondary indexes and twenty-two tertiary indexes were selected. The weights were determined via the entropy weight method, and then the attribute mathematical theory was used for safety evaluation. The evaluation results show that the safety level of Jisuo Coal Mine is “relatively safe”, and the evaluation results are in good agreement with the actual situation of Jisuo Coal Mine, which verifies the applicability of the attribute mathematical theory. Finally, from the perspective of safety input, the simulation study is carried out by using system dynamics, and the dynamic change rule is analyzed. Additionally, improvement measures for filling mining mine safety are proposed so as to realize the reasonable optimization of resource allocation.
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Molina, Snider, Ismael Soto, Lily Sun, and Ke Cheng Liu. "Pervasive Environment for Gases Detection and Collapses in Underground Mines." Advanced Materials Research 875-877 (February 2014): 2056–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.875-877.2056.
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Safety is an element of extreme priority in mining operations; currently many traditional mining countries are investing in the implementation of wireless sensors capable of detecting risk factors. The objective of this research is to contribute to the implementation of sensors for continuous monitoring inside underground mines providing technical parameters for the design of sensor networks applied in underground coal mines. The analyzed of applying these systems in terms of Benefit, Opportunity, Cost and Risk are discussed. Finally, a dynamic assessment of safety at underground mines it is proposed, this approach offers a contribution to design personalized monitoring networks, the experience developed in coal mines provides a tool that facilitates the application development of technology within underground coal mines.
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Nguyen, Ngoc Minh, and Duc Thang Pham. "Tendencies of Mining Technology Development in Relation to Deep Mines." Mining science and technology 4, no. 1 (April 27, 2019): 16–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/2500-0632-2019-1-16-22.
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Mineral demand rapidly increases; as a result, underground mining activities gradually dig into the earth’s crust to deeper levels. For instance, the depth of coal mines has reached 1500 m, whereas the depth of mines for nonferrous metals has already achieved around 4500 m. Deep mining faces a number of technical and environmental challenges, first of all, great rock mass stresses, high temperature and long winding distance. The traditional technologies are hardly capable to provide the development and extraction efficiency and safety. That is why the need in developing and implementation of new modern mining technologies arose. In roadheading, TBM (tunnelboring machine) method is gradually introduced. A TBM combines the functions of rock breaking, support installation, mucking and conveying rock. In mining industry, smart mining based on mechanized and automated mining methods is successfully implemented at coal mines. Besides, a technical concept of fluidized mining for deepseated mineral resources (6000 m and more) was proposed. This paper presents the review of the current global status of deep mining and highlights some of the newest technological achievements in roadheading and the mineral extraction processes.
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ZEMSKOV, A. N., and M. Y. LISKOVA. "ANALYZING CASES AND CIRCUMSTANCES OF EMERGENCE OF ACCIDENTS IN THE MINES AND MINES DEVELOPING GAS-BEARING FIELDS." News of the Tula state university. Sciences of Earth 2, no. 1 (2020): 67–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.46689/2218-5194-2020-2-1-67-77.
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Mining is followed by big loss of human life and high traumatism. And among the main reasons - explosions of coal dust and hydrocarbon gases on coal mines, the gasdynamic phenomena and explosions of gases on potash mines. Gas was and remains the most terrible source of natural dangers in mines and mines, the object demanding continuous and careful studying. The analysis of the breeds given on natural gas content, studying of the nature usual and the souffle of gas-allocations, emergence and courses of the gas-dynamical phenomena allow to optimize technologies of mining and to ensure safety of work.
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Xu, Leran. "Does Green Transition Affect the Performance of Domestic Mining Enterprises." SHS Web of Conferences 151 (2022): 01025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202215101025.
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The rise of green economy and sustainable development requires enterprises to pay more attention to comprehensive performance in the process of performance evaluation. With the rise of the concept of green mine, mine performance evaluation also pays more attention to environmental protection and comprehensive utilization of resources. The comprehensive performance evaluation index system of mines is constructed from three aspects: economic output performance, comprehensive development and utilization performance, and environmental governance performance. The comprehensive performance of 18 major mines in Songxian County, Henan Province is evaluated by using the analytic hierarchy process and entropy method. The results show that the overall performance of the main mines in Songxian County is low, and most of the mines have poor performance in comprehensive development and utilization and environmental governance. The task of building green mines is still very heavy.
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Gibbs, Ewan. "Michael 'Mick' McGahey: Miner, communist and trade union leader." Twentieth Century Communism 23, no. 23 (November 10, 2022): 4–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3898/175864322836165553.
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Michael McGahey was born in the Lanarkshire mining town of Shotts in 1925, a year before the general strike and miners' lockout. He died in 1999, the year that the Scottish Parliament, which he was credited with playing a leading role in bringing about, was established. McGahey had come to public prominence in the preceding decades as President of the National Union of Mineworkers Scottish Area (NUMSA) and a public face of British miners' industrial action in the 1970s and 1980s. This paper is based on trade union and archival records, as well as oral testimonies recorded with close comrades of McGahey, including his son, senior Scottish Communists and NUMSA officials. It firstly assesses the foundation of McGahey's worldview in the context of class struggle, personal and familial hardship and entering the mining industry as a young man. The second section overviews McGahey's evolution from a colliery activist to a national trade union leader, underlining his willingness to build pragmatic broad left alliances between Labour and Communist affiliated miners. Section three explores the the connection between McGahey's commitment to Communism and his support for a Scottish Parliament within the United Kingdom.
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Li, Shuai, Zeming Zhao, Haoxuan Yu, and Xinmin Wang. "The Recent Progress China Has Made in the Backfill Mining Method, Part II: The Composition and Typical Examples of Backfill Systems." Minerals 11, no. 12 (December 2, 2021): 1362. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min11121362.
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The backfill mining method is a widely used mining method in the major mines of China, which can maximize the recovery of mineral resources and protect the environment. Currently, major mines in China are starting to build backfill systems to apply the backfill mining method, therefore, Part II reviews the progress China has made on creating backfill systems, of which the main contents include: (1) Composition of the backfill system common in Chinese mines; (2) Typical examples of the backfill system in China. Finally, Part II serves as a guide to begin a conversation, and to encourage experts and scholars to engage in the research of this field.
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Balovtsev, S. V. "Higher rank aerological risks in coal mines." Gornye nauki i tekhnologii = Mining Science and Technology (Russia) 7, no. 4 (December 26, 2022): 310–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/2500-0632-2022-08-18.
Full textAbstract:
The steady trend of complication of mining and geological factors in underground coal mining and at the same time the processes of mining intensification cause growth of dynamic manifestations of natural factors of mining, such as sudden coal and gas outbursts, rock bursts, rock collapses, leading to gas and dust explosions and fires. This requires developing the models of different phenomena manifestation risks, which enable improving the process safety of a mining enterprise. In this study, based on the methodology of aerological risk assessment in coal mines, a structural analysis of aerological risks was carried out. The criteria of hazard of mining-geological and mine engineering factors and vulnerability of schemes and methods of ventilation, ventilation facilities, and main fans were developed. A hierarchical structure of aerological risks of higher ranks was developed. The presented risk structure allows determining the area of superposition of hazards of coal mining and vulnerability of ventilation systems for each mine and its individual facilities, as well as quantifying these areas in the form of aerological risks. The ranges of aerological risk values of higher ranks for super-category mines and mines hazardous by sudden coal and gas outbursts for different ventilation modes were established. The presented methodology enables forecasting and reducing aerological risks in course of designing, operation, liquidation, and conservation of coal mines.
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Kim, Yangkyun, and Sean S. Lee. "Application of Artificial Neural Networks in Assessing Mining Subsidence Risk." Applied Sciences 10, no. 4 (February 14, 2020): 1302. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10041302.
Full textAbstract:
Subsidence at abandoned mines sometimes causes destruction of local areas and casualties. This paper proposes a mine subsidence risk index and establishes a subsidence risk grade based on two separate analyses of A and B to predict the occurrence of subsidence at an abandoned mine. For the analyses, 227 locations were ultimately selected at 15 abandoned coal mines and 22 abandoned mines of other types (i.e., gold, silver, and metal mines). Analysis A predicts whether subsidence is likely using an artificial neural network. Analysis B assesses a mine subsidence risk index that indicates the extent of risk of subsidence. Results of both analyses are utilized to assign a subsidence risk grade to each ground location investigated. To check the model’s reliability, a new dataset of 22 locations was selected from five other abandoned mines; the subsidence risk grade results were compared with those of the actual ground conditions. The resulting correct prediction percentage for 13 subsidence locations of the abandoned mines was 83–86%. To improve reliability of the subsidence risk, much more subsidence data with greater variations in ground conditions is required, and various types of analyses by numerical and empirical approaches, etc. need to be combined.