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Journal articles on the topic 'Michael's Addition'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 23 September 2022

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Thabet, H. Kh, Mohd Imran, Mohd Imran, Saleh Alaql, and M. H. M. Helal. "Bis(2-cyanoacetamide) in Heterocyclic Synthesis: Synthesis of Some Bis[2-oxopyridine, 2-iminochromene, Chromeno[3,4-c]pyridine, Benzochromeno[3,4-c]pyridine] Derivatives." Oriental Journal Of Chemistry 40, no. 1 (2024): 65–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/ojc/400108.

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N,N'-(methylenebis(1,4-phenylene))bis-(2-cyanoacetamide) was exploited as a precursor for synthesing some bis (benzylidene 5a-c, pyridines 7, 8, 10a,b, chromene 14, benzochromene 15) derivatives containing diphenyl-methylene spacer via the reaction with each of aromatic aldehydes, pentane-2,4-dione, acetaldehyde/ malononitrile, arylidene-malononitriles, ethyl cinnamates, 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde, and 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde). Bis(chromeno[3,4-c]pyridines 16&18) were synthesized via Michael's addition of malononitrile or ethyl cyanoacetate to bis(chromene) derivative. The newly prepared com

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2

Urosevic, Jovica, Sasa Drmanic, Jasmina Nikolic, Ivan Juranic, and Bratislav Jovanovic. "Structure-reactivity correlation for the kinetics of the reaction of substituted 4-phenyl-1,4-dihydropyridines formation." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 78, no. 12 (2013): 1963–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc131120139u.

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Quantitative structure-reactivity correlations for the kinetics of the Hantzsch's synthesis of substituted 4-phenyl-1,4-dihydropyridines in the reaction between ethyl m- and p-substituted benzylidene acetoacetate and enamine has been studied. The reaction kinetics was followed using spectrophotometric measurements. It was found that the reaction correspond to the second-order kinetics. Quantitative structure-reactivity correlations of log k with the corresponding substituent constants (s,s+,sI and sR+) using Hammett and extended Hammett equation (DSP equation). They show linear relationship wi

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3

Perkasa Mega Dwiguna, I Ketut R Sudiarditha, and Corry Yohana. "THE The Effect Of Work Stress And Job Insecurity On Turnover Intention With Organizational Commitment As An Intervening At Pt "Xyz"." International Student Conference on Business, Education, Economics, Accounting, and Management (ISC-BEAM) 2, no. 1 (2024): 2345–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/isc-beam.012.169.

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The role of employees as human resources is very crucial in the continuity of company operations. One of the main focuses in human resource management is employee turnover intention. This phenomenon can disrupt company stability and cause material and immaterial losses. Indonesia, according to data from Michael Page (2022), is ranked second highest in Asia Pacific in terms of employees' intention to resign. This research aims to identify the factors that influence turnover intention among PT "XYZ" employees and examine the influence of work stress and job insecurity on turnover intention with

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4

Hanna and Dwi Retno Widiyanti. "NIAT WAKAF TUNAI ONLINE PADA MAHASISWA EKONOMI ISLAM." Islamic Economics and finance in Focus 1, no. 4 (2022): 360–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ieff.2022.01.4.07.

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Indonesia with a majority Muslim community makes the potential for cash waqf very large. According to the National Committee for Islamic Economics and Finance (KNEKS), the potential for cash waqf could reach IDR 180 trillion, but the realization of waqf is still far below the existing potential. In general, the practice of waqf can help the socio-economic development of the Muslim community and distribute wealth among the community because waqf is intended to fund and maintain Islamic institutions such as madrasas, schools, universities and other public services. The research was conducted wit

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5

BOZKURT, Selahattin. "Asimetrik Michael Katılma Tepkimesi için Prolin bazlı β-Hidroksiamit Organokatalizörü". Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Uluslararası Mühendislik Teknolojileri ve Uygulamalı Bilimler Dergisi 5, № 1 (2022): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.53448/akuumubd.1111800.

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Applications of chiral organocatalysts in reaction types capable of forming C-C bonds, such as Michael addition, are one of the important research areas of recent years. One of the best examples of Michael addition, one of the important works of organic reaction types, is the reaction of nitroolefins with ketones in the presence of organocatalysts. In this study, L-proline-based amide derivative was synthesized with moderate yield and its structure was elucidated by various techniques. As an organocatalyst, its effect on enantiomeric excess (e.e.) was investigated in Michael addition studies a

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6

Naghiyev, F. N. "THE INVESTIGATION OF MICHAEL ADDITION OF ACETOACETANILIDE AND METHYL ACETOPYRUVATE TO SOME YLIDENECYANOACETAMIDES." Azerbaijan Chemical Journal, no. 2 (June 20, 2019): 35–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.32737/0005-2531-2019-2-35-39.

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7

Bansal, Shobha, and Prabal Pratap Singh. "An Efficient Solvent Free Microwave Assisted MgFe2O4 Magnetic Nanoparticles Catalyzed Green Protocol Towards Michael Addition." Chemistry & Chemical Technology 13, no. 1 (2019): 18–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/chcht13.01.018.

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8

A., S. Devi, C. Dutta M., Nongkhlaw R., and N. Vishwakarma J. "KHS04 assisted Michael addition-elimination reactions of formylated acetophenones in water : A facile general green synthetic route to 3-(alkyl/aralkyl/aryl)amino-1-arylprop-2-en-1-ones." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 87, Jun 2010 (2010): 739–42. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5791952.

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organic Research Lab., Department of Chemistry, St. Anthony's College. Shillong-793 001, Meghalaya. India <em>E-mail :</em> jnvishwakarma@rediffmail.com Fax : 91-0364-2229558 Department of Chemistry, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong-793 022, Meghalaya·. India <em>Manuscript received 18 August 2009, accepted 9 November 2009</em> A facile general green synthetic route to 3-(alkyl/aralkyl/aryl)amino-1-arylprop-2-en-1-ones in excellent yields has been developed by reacting formylated acetophenones with primary amines assisted by<strong> </strong>KHSO<sub>4</sub> in water.

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9

Liu, Zixuan. "Michael addition reaction and its examples." Applied and Computational Engineering 24, no. 6 (2023): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/24/ojs/20230669.

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Michael addition reaction refers to the conjugate addition reaction of carbocation to α, β-unsaturated aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, esters, nitrile, nitro compounds, etc. The reaction is an essential organic reaction, and it is used in organic synthesis to grow carbon chains and synthesize organic compounds with various functional groups. As one of the most valuable organic synthesis reactions, it is one of the most common ways to construct carbon-carbon bonds. This paper analyzes the mechanisms and the theories of some common Michael addition reactions. It also includes an example of

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10

Liu, Zixuan. "Michael addition reaction and its examples." Applied and Computational Engineering 24, no. 1 (2023): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/24/20230669.

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Michael addition reaction refers to the conjugate addition reaction of carbocation to , -unsaturated aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, esters, nitrile, nitro compounds, etc. The reaction is an essential organic reaction, and it is used in organic synthesis to grow carbon chains and synthesize organic compounds with various functional groups. As one of the most valuable organic synthesis reactions, it is one of the most common ways to construct carbon-carbon bonds. This paper analyzes the mechanisms and the theories of some common Michael addition reactions. It also includes an example of t

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11

Bakó, Péter, Tamás Nemcsok, Zsolt Rapi, and György Keglevich. "Enantioselective Michael Addition of Malonates to Enones." Current Organic Chemistry 24, no. 7 (2020): 746–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1385272824666200316122221.

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: Many catalysts were tested in asymmetric Michael additions in order to synthesize enantioenriched products. One of the most common reaction types among the Michael reactions is the conjugated addition of malonates to enones making it possible to investigate the structure–activity relationship of the catalysts. The most commonly used Michael acceptors are chalcone, substituted chalcones, chalcone derivatives, cyclic enones, while typical donors may be dimethyl, diethyl, dipropyl, diisopropyl, dibutyl, di-tert-butyl and dibenzyl malonates. This review summarizes the most important enantioselec

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12

Reznikov, Alexander N., and Yuri N. Klimochkin. "Recent Developments in Highly Stereoselective Michael Addition Reactions Catalyzed by Metal Complexes." Synthesis 52, no. 06 (2020): 781–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1690044.

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Achieving high enantioselectivity and diastereoselectivity simultaneously is a rather challenging task for asymmetric catalytic synthesis. Thanks to the rapid development of asymmetric transition-metal catalysis, significant progress has been made during recent years in achieving highly enantio- and diastereoselective conjugate addition reactions with a diverse combination of Michael donors and acceptors. This short review surveys the advances in transition-metal-catalyzed asymmetric diastereoselective Michael addition including diastereodivergent catalysis developed between 2015 and 2019. T

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13

Sands, PJ, and PJ Smethurst. "Modelling Nitrogen Uptake in Ingestad Units Using Michaelis-Menten Kinetics." Functional Plant Biology 22, no. 5 (1995): 823. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pp9950823.

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The concept of nutrient flux density was developed to grow plants at a controlled and stable relative growth rate whilst maintaining a constant internal concentration of a limiting nutrient. The method requires frequent and exponentially increasing additions of nutrients to replenish uptake. In developing this approach there has been little reference to Michaelis-Menten-like nutrient uptake kinetics for characterising uptake by roots. This paper applies a simple model of nitrogen-limited plant growth using Michaelis-Menten uptake kinetics to data from previously published experiments based on

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14

Rahul, Bhattacharya, K. Kesharwani Manoj, Manna Chinmoy, Ganguly Biswajit, and Pathak Tanmaya. "Influence of steric bulk around the vinyl sulfone bond on the reaction patterns of vinyl sulfone-modified carbohydrates. An experimental and theoretical investigation." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 90, Oct 2013 (2013): 1643–50. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5791648.

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Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721 302, West Bengal. India E-mail : tpathak@chem. iitkgp.ernet.in Computation and Simulation Unit (Analytical Discipline and Centralized Instrument Facility), CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar-364 002, Gujarat, India <em>E-mail :</em> ganguly@csmcri.org <em>Manuscript received 13 June 2013, accepted 14 June 2013</em> Steric bulks attached to sulfur atom of vinyl sulfone-modified hex-2-enopyranosides and the anomeric centre control the rate of reactions of these Michael a

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15

Sapkal, Anjali, Rakesh Kumar, and Abhijeet Purude. "Microwave induced synthesis of 4-hydroxy-3-methyl-7, 8-dihydroquinoline-5(6H)-one using proline catalyst." World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences 17, no. 1 (2024): 114–16. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11244964.

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In the present investigation synthesis of 4-hydroxy-3-methyl-7,8-dihydroquinolin-5(6H)-one was successfully demonstrated from cyclohexane-1,3-dione using microwave heating using proline catalyst. The synthesis of Hexa-Hydro-Quinolone derivatives, carried out by sequential in situ, Michael Addition, Cyclisation, and Aromatization. A new protocol for one step synthesis of 4-hydroxy-3-methyl-7,8-dihydroquinolin-5(6H)-one was successfully demonstrated from cyclohexane-1,3-dione with 98% yield.

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16

Kumar, Akshay, and Swapandeep Singh Chimni. "Primary-tertiary diamine-catalyzed Michael addition of ketones to isatylidenemalononitrile derivatives." Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 10 (April 24, 2014): 929–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.10.91.

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Simple primary-tertiary diamines easily derived from natural primary amino acids were used to catalyze the Michael addition of ketones with isatylidenemalononitrile derivatives. Diamine 1a in combination with D-CSA as an additive provided Michael adducts in high yield (up to 94%) and excellent enantioselectivity (up to 99%). The catalyst 1a was successfully used to catalyze the three-component version of the reaction by a domino Knoevenagel–Michael sequence. The Michael adduct 4a was transformed into spirooxindole 6 by a reduction with sodium borohydride in a highly enantioselective manner.

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17

Gliese, Jan-Philipp, Stefan H. Jungbauer, and Stefan M. Huber. "A halogen-bonding-catalyzed Michael addition reaction." Chemical Communications 53, no. 88 (2017): 12052–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7cc07175b.

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18

Katritzky, Alan R., and Ming Qi. "Michael Additions of Benzotriazole-Stabilized Carbanions. A Review." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 63, no. 5 (1998): 599–613. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19980599.

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The 1,4-addition of benzotriazole-stabilized carbanions to Michael acceptors is reviewed. The selectivity between 1,4- and 1,2-addition depends significantly on the electronic effect of the carbanion (usually lithium is the counterion), the type of the Michael acceptor, and steric effects. Steric hindrance of the benzotriazolyl group probably enhances the regioselectivity. Normally, 1,4-additions to α,β-unsaturated ketone or ester are observed for carbanions stabilized by a benzotriazolyl group and an electron-withdrawing group (e.g. aryl, vinyl, carbonyl). For α,β-unsaturated aldehydes as Mic

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19

Yang, Hongjun, YongKang Zuo, Jiadong Zhang, et al. "Phosphazene-catalyzed oxa-Michael addition click polymerization." Polymer Chemistry 9, no. 38 (2018): 4716–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8py01089g.

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20

Naganaboina, Ram Tilak, Amrita Nayak, and Rama Krishna Peddinti. "Trifluoroacetic acid-promoted Michael addition–cyclization reactions of vinylogous carbamates." Org. Biomol. Chem. 12, no. 21 (2014): 3366–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ob00437j.

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A simple and efficient methodology has been developed for the synthesis of pyrrolobenzoxazine and 3-arylamino coumarin derivatives promoted by trifluoroacetic acid. The initial step in the current protocol involves a Michael addition of the 1,4-benzoxazinone derivatives to the Michael acceptors and subsequent cyclization.

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21

Gandi, Vasudeva Rao, and Yixin Lu. "Phosphine-catalyzed regioselective Michael addition to allenoates." Chemical Communications 51, no. 90 (2015): 16188–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5cc06197k.

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22

Chen, Ying-Chun, Chang-Jiang Xu, Wei Du, and Łukasz Albrecht. "Lewis Basic Amine Catalyzed Aza-Michael Reaction of Indole- and Pyrrole-3-carbaldehydes." Synthesis 52, no. 18 (2020): 2650–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1707176.

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3-Formyl substituted indoles or pyrroles can form HOMO-raised dearomative aza-dienamine-type intermediates with secondary amines, which can undergo direct aza-Michael addition to β-trifluoromethyl enones to afford N-alkylated products efficiently, albeit with low to fair enantioselectivity. In addition, similar asymmetric aza-Michael additions of these heteroarenes and crotonaldehyde are realized under dual catalysis of chiral amines, and the adducts are obtained with moderate to good enantioselectivity.

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23

Silm, Estelle, Ivar Järving, and Tõnis Kanger. "Asymmetric organocatalytic Michael addition of cyclopentane-1,2-dione to alkylidene oxindole." Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 18 (February 3, 2022): 167–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.18.18.

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An asymmetric Michael reaction between cyclopentane-1,2-dione and alkylidene oxindole was studied in the presence of a multifunctional squaramide catalyst. Michael adducts were obtained in high enantioselectivities and in moderate diastereoselectivities.

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24

Raghvendra, Singh Raghuvanshi, and Singh Manorama. "Superoxide ion mediated Michael addition of active methylene compounds to nitroolefins." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 89, May 2012 (2012): 679–82. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5763398.

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Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Udai Pratap Autonomous College, Varanasi-221 002, Uttar Pradesh, India <em>E-mail</em> : rsr_itbhu@rediffmail.com IGNOU Regional Centre, Varanasi-221 005, Uttar Pradesh, India <em>Manuscript received 29 December 2010, revised 05 May 2011, accepted 07 September 2011</em> Michael addition of active methylene compounds to β-nitrostyrenes using<em> in situ </em>generated superoxide ion results in the formation of Michael adduct in 72-88% yield under mild reaction conditions, at room temperature.

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25

Miyanaga, Akimasa. "Michael additions in polyketide biosynthesis." Natural Product Reports 36, no. 3 (2019): 531–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8np00071a.

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26

Zou, Chuncheng, Yanting Lv, Min Lu, et al. "Regioselective and diastereodivergent organocatalytic asymmetric vinylogous Michael addition." Organic Chemistry Frontiers 8, no. 17 (2021): 4758–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1qo00371b.

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27

Shiv, S. Dulawat, S. Chundawat Jagveer, S. Roy Ravindra, S. Chundawat Sumer, and L. Verma B. "Microwave assisted improved synthesis of 6-carbethoxy-5-aryl-3-(2-thienyl)-2- cyclohexenones using inorganic solid support and their antibacterial activities." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 87, Aug 2010 (2010): 981–86. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5801143.

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Department of Chemistry, University College of Science, M. L. Sukhadia University, Udaipur-313 001, Rajasthan, India <em>E-mail :</em> blverma_IO@gmail.com Department of Chemistry, B. N. P.G. College, Udaipur-313 001, Rajasthan, India <em>E-mail :</em> dulawats@yahoo.co.in <em>Manuscript received 3 February 2009, revised 22 December 2009, accepted 25 February 2010</em> An efficient one-pot synthesis or 6-carbethol'y-5-aryl-3-(2-thienyl)·2-cyclohel'enones (4a-g) has been achieved by the cyclocondensation or (2<em>E</em>)-1-(2-thicnyl)-3-aryl-2-propenones (1) with ethyl acetoaceta

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28

Zhou, Wei, Qingwei Xiao, Yuanyuan Chang, et al. "Substrate-controlled Diastereoselective Michael Addition of Alkylidene Malonates by Grignard Reagents." Heterocyclic Communications 25, no. 1 (2019): 116–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hc-2019-0019.

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AbstractHerein is described a diastereoselective Michael addition of Grignard reagents to α, β- unsaturated diethyl malonates incorporated with a 2-oxazolidone chiral auxiliary. The catalyst-free Michael addition proceeds with good chemical efficiency and excellent stereoselectivity; and it provides new thoughts to the asymmetric synthesis of β-substituted β3 amino acid derivatives.

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29

Vargová, Denisa, Rastislav Baran, and Radovan Šebesta. "Investigations towards the stereoselective organocatalyzed Michael addition of dimethyl malonate to a racemic nitroalkene: possible route to the 4-methylpregabalin core structure." Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 14 (March 5, 2018): 553–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.14.42.

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Chiral derivatives of γ-aminobutyric acid are widely used as medicines and can be obtained by organocatalytic Michael additions. We show here the stereoselective synthesis of 4-methylpregabalin stereoisomers using a Michael addition of dimethyl malonate to a racemic nitroalkene. The key step of the synthesis operates as a kinetic resolution with a chiral squaramide catalyst. Furthermore, specific organocatalysts can provide respective stereoisomers of the key Michael adduct in up to 99:1 er.

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30

Cong, Zi-Song, Yang-Guo Li, Guang-Fen Du, Cheng-Zhi Gu, Bin Dai, and Lin He. "N-Heterocyclic carbene-catalyzed sulfa-Michael addition of enals." Chemical Communications 53, no. 98 (2017): 13129–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7cc07269d.

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31

Konuray, Fernández-Francos, Ramis, and Serra. "Acetoacetate Based Thermosets Prepared by Dual-Michael Addition Reactions." Polymers 11, no. 9 (2019): 1408. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11091408.

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A novel set of dual-curable multiacetoacetate-multiacrylate-divinyl sulfone ternary materials with versatile and manipulable properties are presented. In contrast to common dual-curing systems, the first stage polymer herein consists of a densely crosslinked, high Tg network as a result of base-catalyzed multiacetoacetate-divinyl sulfone Michael addition. A more flexible secondary network forms after base-catalyzed Michael addition of remaining multiacetoacetate to multiacrylate. Curing is truly sequential as the rates of the two Michael additions are significantly different. Curing kinetics w

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32

Poláčková, Viera, Dominika Krištofíková, Boglárka Némethová, Renáta Górová, Mária Mečiarová, and Radovan Šebesta. "N-Sulfinylpyrrolidine-containing ureas and thioureas as bifunctional organocatalysts." Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 17 (October 25, 2021): 2629–41. https://doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.17.176.

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The synthesis of bifunctional <em>N</em>-sulfinylureas and thioureas with an appended pyrrolidine unit is presented. These organocatalysts were evaluated in Michael additions of aldehydes to nitroalkenes both under solvent-free conditions and in solution. The <em>N</em>-sulfinylurea catalyst was more efficient than the corresponding thiourea. For some substrates, enantioselectivities reached 98% ee. The stereogenic center on the sulfur did not have a considerable influence on the catalytic reactions. Under ball-milling conditions, the Michael adducts were obtained in good yields but with sligh

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33

Cabanillas, Alejandro, Christopher D. Davies, Louise Male, and Nigel S. Simpkins. "Highly enantioselective access to diketopiperazines via cinchona alkaloid catalyzed Michael additions." Chemical Science 6, no. 2 (2015): 1350–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4sc03218g.

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34

Wani, Aabid A., Sumit S. Chourasiya, Deepika Kathuria, and Prasad V. Bharatam. "1,1-Diaminoazines as organocatalysts in phospha-Michael addition reactions." Chemical Communications 57, no. 88 (2021): 11717–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1cc04657h.

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35

Rulev, A. Yu. "Recent advances in Michael addition of H-phosphonates." RSC Adv. 4, no. 49 (2014): 26002–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ra04179h.

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The review discusses recent achievements in the development of more environmentally friendly and economically competitive processes for the synthesis of biologically and synthetically important phosphorus-bearing compounds by conjugate addition of hydrogen-phosphonates to different Michael acceptors.

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36

Jiang, Qimin, YuanLiang Zhang, Yongzhuang Du, et al. "Preparation of hyperbranched polymers by oxa-Michael addition polymerization." Polymer Chemistry 11, no. 7 (2020): 1298–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9py01686d.

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37

Cera, Gianpiero, Davide Balestri, Margherita Bazzoni, Luciano Marchiò, Andrea Secchi, and Arturo Arduini. "Trisulfonamide calix[6]arene-catalysed Michael addition to nitroalkenes." Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry 18, no. 32 (2020): 6241–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ob01319f.

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38

Pichon, Delphine, Jennifer Morvan, Christophe Crévisy, and Marc Mauduit. "Copper-catalyzed enantioselective conjugate addition of organometallic reagents to challenging Michael acceptors." Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 16 (February 17, 2020): 212–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.16.24.

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The copper-catalyzed enantioselective conjugate addition (ECA) of organometallic nucleophiles to electron-deficient alkenes (Michael acceptors) represents an efficient and attractive methodology for providing a wide range of relevant chiral molecules. In order to increase the attractiveness of this useful catalytic transformation, some Michael acceptors bearing challenging electron-deficient functions (i.e., aldehydes, thioesters, acylimidazoles, N-acyloxazolidinones, N-acylpyrrolidinones, amides, N-acylpyrroles) were recently investigated. Remarkably, only a few chiral copper-based catalytic

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39

Lock Toy Ki, Yvette, Armelle Garcia, Franck Pelissier, et al. "Mechanochemistry and Eco-Bases for Sustainable Michael Addition Reactions." Molecules 27, no. 10 (2022): 3306. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27103306.

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The Michael addition reaction was revisited with a full focus on sustainability combined with efficiency, using mechanochemistry in mild conditions. First, the synthesis of cyclopentenone derivatives was chosen as a model reaction to find optimal conditions in mechanochemistry while using classical but weak bases. The reaction was efficient (84–95% yields), fast (2–6 h), solvent free, and required 0.1 equivalent of base. Aiming to reach greener conditions, classical bases were then replaced using new bio-sourced bases, called Eco-bases, that were easily prepared from plants and led to heteroge

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40

Wang, Guowei, Linghua Zhuang, and Jintang Wang. "A Route to a Tetrabenzothiazole from Michael Bis-Addition Compounds." Journal of Chemical Research 2009, no. 4 (2009): 212–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3184/030823409x435883.

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41

da Silva, Flavia Martins, Adriana Kniaseff Gomes, and Joel Jones, Jr. "Article." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 77, no. 5-6 (1999): 624–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v99-047.

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The Michael additions of dicarbonyl compounds, nitroalkanes, and thiols to 2-cyclohexen-1-one can be accomplished in water without phase transfer agents. The reaction is extremely sensitive to the pH of the reaction media, and therefore, the methodology can be optimized with the control of this variable. The best pH depends on the used nucleophile.Key words: Michael addition, aqueous media, water, 2-cyclohexen-1-one, ketone.

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Xu, Yuelin, Fengxi Li, Jinglin Ma, et al. "Lipase-Catalyzed Phospha-Michael Addition Reactions under Mild Conditions." Molecules 27, no. 22 (2022): 7798. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27227798.

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Organophosphorus compounds are the core structure of many active natural products. The synthesis of these compounds is generally achieved by metal catalysis requiring specifically functionalized substrates or harsh conditions. Herein, we disclose the phospha-Michael addition reaction of biphenyphosphine oxide with various substituted β-nitrostyrenes or benzylidene malononitriles. This biocatalytic strategy provides a direct route for the synthesis of C-P bonds with good functional group compatibility and simple and practical operation. Under the optimal conditions (styrene (0.5 mmol), biphenyp

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43

Zhao, Bo-Liang, Dongxiang Zhang, Lei Liu та Da-Ming Du. "Organocatalytic asymmetric Michael addition of α-alkylidene succinimides to nitrostyrenes". Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry 14, № 26 (2016): 6337–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ob00711b.

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44

Meng, Xiangtao, Shreya Roy Choudhury, and Kevin J. Edgar. "Multifunctional cellulose esters by olefin cross-metathesis and thiol-Michael addition." Polymer Chemistry 7, no. 23 (2016): 3848–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6py00539j.

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Wang, Chen, Shunsuke Chatani, Maciej Podgórski, and Christopher N. Bowman. "Thiol-Michael addition miniemulsion polymerizations: functional nanoparticles and reactive latex films." Polymer Chemistry 6, no. 20 (2015): 3758–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5py00326a.

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Shim, Jae Ho, Byung Kook Ahn, Ji Yeon Lee, Hyeon Soo Kim та Deok-Chan Ha. "Organocatalysis for the Asymmetric Michael Addition of Cycloketones and α, β-Unsaturated Nitroalkenes". Catalysts 11, № 8 (2021): 1004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11081004.

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Michael addition is one of the most important carbon–carbon bond formation reactions. In this study, an (R, R)-1,2-diphenylethylenediamine (DPEN)-based thiourea organocatalyst was applied to the asymmetric Michael addition of nitroalkenes and cycloketones to produce a chiral product. The primary amine moiety in DPEN reacts with the ketone to form an enamine and is activated through the hydrogen bond formation between the nitro group in the α, β-unsaturated nitroalkene and thiourea. Here, the aim was to obtain an asymmetric Michael product through the 1,4-addition of the enamine to an alkene to

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Ren, Xiaochen, Chunyan He, Yingle Feng, et al. "Novel ferrocene-based bifunctional amine–thioureas for asymmetric Michael addition of acetylacetone to nitroolefins." Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry 13, no. 17 (2015): 5054–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ob00298b.

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An efficient method was developed to synthesize the ferrocene-based bifunctional amine–thioureas bearing multiple hydrogen-bonding donors. Asymmetric Michael addition of acetylacetone to nitroolefins catalyzed by these novel bifunctional catalysts affords the Michael adducts in high yield and moderate to excellent enantioselectivities.

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48

Harrington, Paul, and Michael A. Kerr. "The ultra high pressure conjugate addition of indoles to electron-deficient olefins." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 76, no. 9 (1998): 1256–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v98-158.

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The addition of indole and methyl indole at both high and ambient pressures to a series of Michael acceptors under the influence of ytterbium triflate was investigated. Under ambient pressure the more reactive and less sterically hindered electrophiles gave the expected 3-alkylated indoles in good to excellent yields. The more problematic Michael acceptors were subjected to pressures of 13 kbar. In all cases a dramatic reduction in reaction time and a significant improvement in yields was observed. In the cases involving 3-methylcyclohex-2-en-1-one, a by-product was formed and was characterize

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Wang, Yu, and Da-Ming Du. "Recent advances in organocatalytic asymmetric oxa-Michael addition triggered cascade reactions." Organic Chemistry Frontiers 7, no. 20 (2020): 3266–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0qo00631a.

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Zhou, Hongyan, Xiancheng Xiang, Ben Ma, Ganggang Wang, Zhixia Zhang та Jingya Yang. "Lithium Chloride Catalyzed Aza-Michael Addition of Pyrazoles to α,β-Unsaturated Imides". Synthesis 51, № 16 (2019): 3142–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1611520.

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A lithium chloride catalyzed aza-Michael reaction of pyrazoles to α,β-unsaturated imides has been developed. A range of aromatic and aliphatic α,β-unsaturated imides are found to be suitable for the established method, providing the corresponding aza-Michael adducts in up to 93% yields. The inexpensive catalyst, good substrate tolerance, and ease of scale-up make this procedure highly practical.

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