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1
Shiefman, Joseph 1947. "An achromatic Michelson stellar interferometer." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/288742.
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Amplitude stellar interferometry systems are often limited by signal-to-noise ratio. When the limiting noise is photon noise it is possible to increase the signal-to-noise ratio simply by increasing the observation time. When the source signal is extremely faint, the source signal may be overwhelmed by noises associated with the detection system. In these cases it is not possible to get an acceptable signal-to-noise ratio by increasing the observation time. It is for these faint object observations that the achromatic Michelson stellar interferometer (AMSI) is proposed. The AMSI uses N sub-systems, each sub-system being of the same design as a conventional Michelson stellar interferometer (MSI). The light from these N sub-systems is combined in such a way so as to produce a single set of "white light" fringes. By increasing the signal by a factor of N, the AMSI produces a significant increase in signal-to-noise ratio. This dissertation first presents the theory behind the conventional MSI. Results are given from tolerancing the conventional MSI. The tolerancing is performed both with a computer model and with parallel analytical calculations. A chart which summarizes the tolerance results is presented near the end of Chapter 4. The theory behind the AMSI is stated along with the limitations of this method. A method for extending the AMSI through spectral multiplexing is also given. Tolerancing of the AMSI is also performed, again using both a computer model and parallel calculations. The AMSI is found to provide an increase in detectability of faint sources provided that it can be supplied with an adequate fringe-locking system or used in a space-based environment.
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Kafle, Rudra Prasad. "Theoretical Study of Bose-Einstein Condensate-Based Atom Michelson Interferometers." Digital WPI, 2012. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-dissertations/184.
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Atom interferometers and gyroscopes are highly sensitive atom-optical devices which are capable to measure inertial, gravitational, electric, and magnetic fields and to sense rotations. Theoretically, the signal-to-noise ratio of atomic gyroscopes is about a hundred billion times more than that of their optical counterparts for the same particle flux and the enclosed area. Ultra cold atoms from a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) can easily be controlled and coherently manipulated on small chips by laser pulses. Atom-optical devices will therefore play a significant role in fundamental research, precision measurements, and navigation systems. In BEC-based atom interferometers, a BEC in a trap is split by using laser pulses, the split clouds are allowed to evolve, they are reflected, and then recombined by laser pulses to observe interference. The split clouds accumulate spatial phase because of the trap and the nonlinearity caused by atom-atom interactions. A velocity mismatch due to reflection laser pulses also introduces a phase gradient across each cloud. These factors contribute to spatial relative phase between the clouds at recombination, causing the loss of contrast of the interference fringes. The main objective of this dissertation is to study the dynamics of a split condensate in atom Michelson interferometers, investigate the effect of trap frequencies, nonlinearity, and the velocity mismatch on the contrast, and to obtain the best theoretical limit of performance in terms of the experimental parameters: trap frequencies, number of atoms, and the velocity imparted to the clouds by the splitting laser pulses.
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Oliveira, Jillian M. "MICA optical : a low-cost, educational Michelson interferometer." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/83733.
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Thesis (S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2013.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 45-46).<br>Current initiatives that provide widespread access to online educational tools, such as edX and Coursera, are transforming education. The MICA (Measurement, Instrumentation, Control, and Analysis) Project, developed by MIT's BioInstrumentation Lab, is a similar initiative that aims to provide students with affordable, modular, and practical experimental tools. This thesis outlines the development of a MICA optical project, the Michelson interferometer. In this classic experiment, by correctly assembling and aligning the optical components, two different interference patterns can be obtained and observed. Other potential experiments include the measurement of light wavelengths, coherence length, as well as thermal expansion coefficients with the addition of a few simple parts. The initial benchmarking, the design process, and the final manufacturing methods for this module are discussed. The result of this project is a modular kit that can accompany a student's online course materials for about the cost of a textbook.<br>by Jillian M. Oliveira.<br>S.B.
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Risley, Allan David. "Developmental testing of a prototype all-reflection Michelson interferometer." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1993. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA269064.
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Mulye, Apoorva. "Power Spectrum Density Estimation Methods for Michelson Interferometer Wavemeters." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/35500.
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In Michelson interferometry, many algorithms are used to detect the number of active laser sources at any given time. Conventional FFT-based non-parametric methods are widely used for this purpose. However, non-parametric methods are not the only possible option to distinguish the peaks in a spectrum, as these methods are not the most suitable methods for short data records and for closely spaced wavelengths. This thesis aims to provide solutions to these problems. It puts forward the use of parametric methods such as autoregressive methods and harmonic methods, and proposes two new algorithms to detect the closely spaced peaks for different scenarios of optical signals in wavemeters. Various parametric algorithms are studied, and their performances are compared with non-parametric algorithms for different criteria, e.g. absolute levels, frequency resolution, and accuracy of peak positions. Simulations are performed on synthetic signals produced from specifications provided by our sponsor, i.e., a wavemeter manufacturing company.
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Kaufer, Henning [Verfasser]. "Opto-mechanics in a Michelson-Sagnac interferometer / Henning Kaufer." Hannover : Technische Informationsbibliothek und Universitätsbibliothek Hannover (TIB), 2014. http://d-nb.info/1051038162/34.
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Saha, Partha. "Noise analysis of a suspended high power Michelson interferometer." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/10256.
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Vémola, Tomáš. "Soustava Fabry-Perotova a Michelsonova interferometru pro měření délek s femtosekundovým laserem." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-229934.
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The thesis deals with a design of a comparing interferometer. It concerns a setup of two interferometers, one of them is a Michelson and another a Fabry-Pérot type. This set-up is made to compare results of length measurements simultaneously performed by each of them. In the Theory, basic principles of Michelson and Fabry-Pérot interferometers are described. A special attention is paid to an innovative method of length measurement with tunable lasers and optical frequency comb. In the Practical Part, so-called Pilot Experimental Setup is described. It is a prototype that has been used to perform basic experiments on comparing of the two above mentioned methods. Based on experimental results and practical experience with the Pilot Experimental Setup, a Final Setup is designed. It comes in a form of a stand-alone instrument.
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Mirando, Dinesh Amal. "Millimeter – Wave/Terahertz Chirped Michelson Interferometer Techniques for Sub Surface Sensing." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1484698597373738.
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Kalamatianos, Dimitrios. "Control and signal processing for a new FT-NIR Michelson interferometer." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2005. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.528522.
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Stancil, Maurice Marcus. "Creation and Experimental Validation of a Numerical Model of a Michelson Interferometer." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/74957.
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The study whose results are presented here was carried out in support of an ongoing larger effort to investigate and understand the impact of coherence and polarization on the performance of instruments intended to monitor the Earth's radiant energy budget. The visibility of fringes produced by a Michelson interferometer is known to be sensitive to the degree to which the incident light beam is monochromatic. Therefore, the Michelson interferometer has significant potential as a tool for quantifying the degree of temporal coherence of a quasi-monochromatic light beam. Simulation of the performance of an optical instrument using the Monte-Carlo ray-trace (MCRT) method has been shown to be an efficient method for transferring knowledge of the coherence state of a beam of light from one instrument to another. The goal of the effort reported here is to create and experimentally validate an MCRT model for the optical performance of a Michelson interferometer. The effort is motivated by the need to consolidate the knowledge and skills of the investigator in the realm of physical optics, and by the need to make a useful analytical tool available to other investigators in the larger effort.<br>Master of Science
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Pedrazzani, Janet Renee. "High-Temperature Displacement Sensor Using a White-Light Scanning Fiber Michelson Interferometer." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/30795.
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As specialized materials are developed for various applications, it becomes desirable to test them under adverse conditions, such as at elevated temperatures and in harsh environments. It is increasingly important that sensors be developed to meet the growing needs of research and industry. The ability of sapphire to withstand elevated temperatures and many chemically harsh environments has long been recognized. However, currently available sapphire fiber possesses poor optical quality and is not available with a cladding. It has found use in a variety of temperature sensors, but the investigation of sapphire-based strain and displacement sensors has been limited.
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The primary development of a white-light Michelson interferometer that utilizes a sapphire fiber sensing head is presented in this thesis. Development includes efforts to combat the poor optical quality of the sapphire fiber, minimize polarization mode fading, and preferentially excite the fundamental mode of the sapphire fiber. This thesis demonstrates the feasibility of fabricating a Michelson white-light interferometer capable of measuring displacements in environments ranging from room temperature to 800 degrees Celsius. The sensor developed in this work is capable of measuring displacements exceeding 6.4 millimeters at room temperature, and exceeding 1 millimeter at 800 degrees Celsius.
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This thesis also presents the application of this sensor to the alignment of a sapphire-fiber based Fabry-Perot sensor. This technique allows the Fabry-Perot sensor to be aligned so that usable fringes are always obtained. Alignment of the sapphire-fiber based Fabry-Perot sensors has been considered prohibitively difficult.<br>Master of Science
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Diot, Quentin. "Study of coherence properties of Bose-Einstein condensate in an wave-guide Michelson interferometer." Connect to online resource, 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3337086.
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Delker, Thomas. "Demonstration of a prototype dual-recycled cavity-enhanced Michelson interferometer for gravitational wave detection." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2001. http://etd.fcla.edu/etd/uf/2001/ank7103/DelkerThesis.v5.pdf.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Florida, 2001.<br>Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains x, 163 p.; also contains graphics. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 160-162).
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Maňka, Tadeáš. "Konstrukce odměřovacího systému pro systém reaktivního iontového leptání." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-254215.
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The aim of this work is to design fully working measuring system for the reactive ion etching system (RIE). The Michelson interfometer, previously developed in Ústav přístrojové techniky, v.v.i., is used in this work. The theoretical part is aimed at description of interferometric methods for precise measuring of length. In next part the etching proces with RIE is described. In practical part the testing system was constructed from the parts of Thorlabs company . The functionality was controlled with this system and the results of measuring were compared with the profilometer. In next step technical drawings were created and the whole system was made.
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Carlson, Scott M. "Validation of the design of a high resolution all-reflection Michelson interferometer for atmospheric spectroscopy." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1993. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA272505.
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Hicks, Jeffrey D. "Design, development and testing of the All-Reflection Michelson Interferometer (AMI) for use in the mid-ultraviolet region." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1995. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA305949.
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Thesis (M.S. in Astronautical Engineering and M.S. in Applied Physics) Naval Postgraduate School, December 1995.<br>"December 1995." Thesis advisor(s): David D. Cleary, Oscar Biblarz. Bibliography: p. 77-78. Also available online.
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Beukers, James. "Characterization of an E2V Charge-Coupled Device for the Michelson Interferometer for Global High-Resolution Thermospheric Imaging Instrument." DigitalCommons@USU, 2015. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/4448.
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This thesis presents the characterization process of an imaging device for a satellite. The camera system was built by the Space Dynamics Laboratory (SDL) and will be used in the Michelson Interferometer for Global High-resolution Thermospheric Imaging (MIGHTI) instrument for National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA) Ionospheric Con- nection Explorer (ICON) satellite. This mission will further scientists' understanding of the connection between the Earth's weather and ionospheric conditions. The ionosphere, a part of the atmosphere, interferes with satellite communications, causing disturbances and disruptions. By learning more about the ionosphere through the data collected by this instrument, scientists will better understand its effects on our communications.
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Gartland, Peter Lanier. "Fiber-Optic Michelson Interferometer with Faraday Mirrors for Acoustic Sensing using a 3 x 3 Coupler and Symmetric Demodulation Scheme." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/73370.
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For the past 40 years, acoustic sensing has been a major avenue for the growth of interfero-
metric fiber-optic sensors. Fiber-optic acoustic sensors have found uses in military, commer-
cial, and medical applications. An interferometric fiber-optic acoustic sensor is presented
utilizing the Michelson interferometer configuration with Faraday mirrors to eliminate po-
larization fading. A 3 X 3 coupler is used as the beamsplitting component, and a symmetric
demodulation algorithm is applied to recover the phase signal. This sensor has a theoretical
resolution of 5.5 pico-strains and room to improve. Such improvements are discussed in the
conclusion.<br>Master of Science
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Leandro, Silvana Castro. "Síntese e caracterização óptica de vidros da família TeO2 -B2O3 -(Bi2O3 ou WO3) /." Ilha Solteira, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/157392.
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Orientador: Keizo Yukimitu<br>Resumo: Vidros a base de óxidos de metais pesados (TeO2, WO3, Bi2O3) apresentam alto índice de refração, altos valores de não-linearidade óptica e alta constante dielétrica. Essas propriedades físicas possibilitam diversas aplicações, como, por exemplo, para comutação ultrarrápida em dispositivos ópticos e, exibem, quando dopados com terras raras, importantes propriedades de luminescência [1]. Vidros dos sistemas ternários xTeO2 – yB2O3 – zWO3 e xTeO2 – yB2O3 – kBi2O3 foram preparados pelo método “melt-quenching” com x de 70 a 45%mol, y de 40 a 10%mol, z de 30 a 15%mol e k com variação de 20 a 10%mol. Introduzimos o óxido de Boro para dar maior viscosidade ao material e aumentar a estabilidade térmica. Foram obtidas amostras homogêneas e transparentes para as seguintes composições: 70TeO2–10B2O3–20WO3, 70TeO2–20B2O3–10Bi2O3 e 55TeO2 –30B2O3–15Bi2O3. Dados de espectroscopia de IR revelaram que a rede dos vidros consiste basicamente das seguintes unidades estruturais: [TeO4], [WO4], [WO6], [BO4], [BO3] e Te-O-W para o sistema TeO2 – B2O3 – WO3 e de [TeO4], [BiO3], [BiO6], [BO4], [BO3] para o sistema TeO2 – B2O3 – Bi2O3. Medidas de absorção óptica das amostras foram realizadas antes e após a exposição a irradiação gama em doses de 10Gy, 1kGy, 10kGy e 50kGy e forneceram valores das bordas de absorção no intervalo de 378 a 449 nm. Obtiveram-se índices de refração da ordem de n > 2 em 633 nm através do equipamento Interferômetro de Michelson e método do ângulo de Brewster. As energias do g... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)<br>Abstract: Glasses based on heavy metal oxides (TeO2, WO3, Bi2O3) have high refractive index, high values of optical nonlinearity and high dielectric constant. These physical properties enable a variety of applications, such as for ultrafast switching in optical devices and, when doped with rare earths, exhibit important luminescence [1]. Glasses in the ternary systems xTeO2–yB2O3–zWO3 and xTeO2–yB2O3–kBi2O3 were prepared from melt quenching method with x from 70 to 45 mol%, y from 40 to 10 mol%, z from 30 to 15 mol% and k with variation from 20 to 10 mol%. We introduce the Boron oxide to give a higher viscosity to the material, ie, higher thermal stability. Homogeneous and transparent samples were obtained for the following compositions: 70TeO2–10B2O3–20WO3, 70TeO2–20B2O3–10Bi2O3 and 55TeO2 –30B2O3–15Bi2O3. FTIR spectroscopy data revealed that the glass basically consists of the following structural units: [TeO4], [WO4], [WO6], [BO4], [BO3] and Te-O-W to the system TeO2–B2O3–WO3 and [TeO4], [BiO3], [BiO6], [BO4], [BO3] to the system TeO2–B2O3–Bi2O3. Optical absorption measurements of the samples were performed before and after exposure to gamma irradiation at doses of 10Gy, 1kGy, 10kGy and 50kGy and provided absorption edge values in the range of 378 to 449 nm. Were obtained refractive index of the order of n> 2 at 633 nm through the equipment Michelson´s Interferometer and Brewster's angle method. The optical gap energies obtained from these glasses are of the order of ≈ 2 to 3 eV.<br>Doutor
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Freiberger, Manuel. "A time domain optical coherence tomograph for laboratory investigations on phantoms and human skin." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-3852.
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<p>Optical coherence tomography is an imaging modality with an outstanding resolution. During the project, a time domain OCT system based on a Michelson fibre interferometer was implemented and put into operation. A super-luminescent diode with a centre wavelength of 1295nm and a bandwidth of 45nm was selected as light source and a linear variable delay line as reference. Basic tests were made on phantoms constructed of filter foils and on gel-like agar slices with optical properties similar to human tissue. It was shown that the achievable resolution was at least 36um and can be increased. The system can easily be enhanced to create two-dimensional images.</p><br><p>Optische Kohärenztomographie ist ein bildgebendes Verfahren mit einer hervorragenden räumlichen Auflösung. Im Laufe des Projekts wurde ein OCT-System basierend auf einem faseroptischen Michelson-Interferometer implementiert und in Betrieb genommen. Als Lichtquelle wurde eine Superlumineszenzdiode mit einer Mittenwellenlänge von 1295nm und einer Bandbreite von 45nm gewählt. Eine variable optische Verzögerungsleitung diente als Referenz. Erste Messungen an Filterfolien und gelähnlichen Agarphantomen, die die optischen Eigenschaften von menschlichem Gewebe nachbildeten, lieferten eine räumliche Auflösung von mindestens 36um. Durch die modulare Bauweise ist das System leicht für zweidimensionale Aufnahmen erweiterbar.</p>
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Sikora, Vojtěch. "Zpracování signálů z optovláknových senzorů." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-377123.
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First two chapters of this paper deals with the division of optical fiber sensors, digital signal processing and includes price comparison of four experimental sensors. In chapter three analysis, description and evaluation of measurment has been demonstrated on Mach - Zehnder interferometer. Last chapter is about application for signal analysis from vibration sensors. Description contains snippets from source code and graphical user interface. This paper includes three fields - fiber optics, digital signal processing and creation of application - and thanks to them it provides solid basis for study of optic fiber sensors.
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Fattaccioli, Dominique. "Etudes theoriques sur les interferometres pour la detection des ondes de gravitation." Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066366.
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D'une part, nous caracterisons la reponse des interferometres de michelson a une onde de gravitation en derivant analytiquement les expressions de leurs fonctions de transfert et de leurs fonctions de green et en explicitant la dependance de celles-ci envers les parametres de l'onde de gravitation, ce travail etant a la base de toute methode d'analyse des donnees d'une grande antenne interferometrique. D'autre part, nous etudions certaines limitations de ces instruments de haute precision que sont les interferometres, dans le but de definir les specifications technologiques des differents elements optiques les constituant qui devront etre satisfaites pour la detection des ondes de gravitation
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Broberg, Marina. "FTIR method for analysis of synthesis gas." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för fysik, kemi och biologi, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-94539.
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The research institute ETC in Piteå is working with energy technical research and development. Today, much work revolves around research about renewable sources for fuel. In one project, biomass such as wood pellet is heated up while producing synthesis gas. The synthesis gas is then analyzed using three different GC techniques. ETC wanted to be able to make all their analysis on one instrument and with a faster speed. They contacted the company Rowaco in Linköping for help with developing a method on FTIR for analysis of the synthesis gas and that has been the aim for this thesis. A method has been developed for analysis of water, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and methane. The results from this thesis show that the concentrations of the molecules in the synthesis gas are outside the calibration curved that has been made and that the high concentrations give much interference to other molecules. The thesis also shows that many areas in the spectrum from the process are roof absorbers and there is also a contamination of water and carbon dioxide in the system. Suggested improvements are to find the source for the contamination, to develop calibration points with higher concentrations, to reduce the length of the gas cell and to dilute the gas before entering the FTIR.
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Malak, Karam Maurine. "A contribution to photonic MEMS : study of optical resonators and interferometers based on all-silicon Bragg reflectors." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00769408.
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This research work has been conducted to introduce a novel class of Fabry-Perot (FP) resonators : curved FP cavity based on coating-free Bragg mirrors of cylindrical shape, obtained by silicon micromachining. Another specificity is the rather large cavity lengths (L>200 µm) combined with high quality factor Q (up to 104), for the purpose of applications requiring cavity enhanced absorption spectroscopy, in which the product Q.L is a figure of merit. In this contest, the basic architecture has been modeled analytically to know the high order transverse modes supported by such cavities. Hence, the experimental conditions which lead to preferential excitation (or rejection) of these modes have been tested experimentally leading to the validation of our theoretical model and to a better understanding of the cavity behaviour. A second architecture, based on the curved FP together with a fiber rod lens has been developed for the purpose of providing stable designs. It was also modeled, fabricated and characterized leading to the expected performance improvements. On another side, a highlight on one of the potential applications that we identified for the curved cavities is presented by inserting the cavity into an electro-mechanical system. It consists of exciting and measuring tiny vibration through opto-mechanical coupling in a MEMS mechanical resonator embedding an FP cavity.Finally, as a complement to our study on resonators, we started exploring applications of optical interferometers based on similar micromachined silicon Bragg mirrors. For this purpose, an optical measurement microsystem was designed, fabricated and characterized ; it consists of an optical probe for surface profilometry in confined environments, based on an all-silicon Michelson interferometer
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Shaddock, Daniel Anthony, and Daniel Shaddock@jpl nasa gov. "Advanced Interferometry for Gravitational Wave Detection." The Australian National University. Faculty of Science, 2001. http://thesis.anu.edu.au./public/adt-ANU20020227.171850.
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In this thesis we investigate advanced techniques for the readout and control of various interferometers. In particular, we present experimental investigations of interferometer configurations and control techniques to be used in second generation interferometric gravitational wave detectors. We also present a new technique, tilt locking, for the readout and control of optical interferometers.
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We report the first experimental demonstration of a Sagnac interferometer with resonant sideband extraction (RSE). We measure the frequency response to modulation of the length of the arms and demonstrate an increase in signal bandwidth of by a factor of 6.5 compared to the Sagnac with arm cavities only. We compare Sagnac interferometers based on optical cavities with cavity-based Michelson interferometers and find that the Sagnac configuration has little overall advantage in a cavity-based system.
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A system for the control and signal extraction of a power recycled Michelson interferometer with RSE is presented. This control system employs a frontal modulation scheme requiring a phase modulated carrier field and a phase modulated subcarrier field. The system is capable of locking all 5 length degrees of freedom and allows the signal cavity to be detuned over the entire range of possibilities, in principle, whilst maintaining lock. We analytically investigate the modulation/demodulation techniques used to obtain these error signals, presenting an introductory explanation of single sideband modulation/demodulation and double demodulation.
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This control system is implemented on a benchtop prototype interferometer. We discuss technical problems associated with production of the input beam modulation components and present several solutions. Operation of the interferometer is demonstrated for a wide range of detunings. The frequency response of the interferometer is measured for various detuned points and we observe good agreement with theoretical predictions. The ability of the control system to maintain lock as the interferometer is detuned is experimentally demonstrated.
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Tilt locking, a new technique to obtain an error signal to lock a laser to an optical cavity, is presented. This technique produces an error signal by efficient measurement of the interference between the TEM00 and TEM10 modes. We perform experimental and theoretical comparisons with the widely used Pound-Drever-Hall (PDH) technique. We derive the quantum noise limit to the sensitivity of a measurement of the beam position, and using this result calculate the shot noise limited sensitivity of tilt locking. We show that tilt locking has a quantum efficiency of 80%, compared to 82% for the PDH technique.
We present experimental demonstrations of tilt locking in several applications including frequency stabilisation, continuous-wave second harmonic generation, and injection locking of a Nd:YAG slab laser. In each of these cases, we demonstrate that the performance of tilt locking is not the limiting factor of the lock stability, and show that it achieves similar performance to the PDH based system.
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Finally, we discuss how tilt locking can be effectively applied to two beam interferometers. We show experimentally how a two beam interferometer typically gives excellent isolation against errors arising from changes in the photodetector position, and experimentally demonstrate the use of tilt locking as a signal readout system for a Sagnac interferometer.
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Gill, Michael W. "Design, validation and prototype testing of a high resolution all-reflection Michelson interferometer for solar occultation measurements of the OI 1304-Å triplet emission /." Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1994. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA283705.
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Gill, Michael W. "Design, validation and prototype testing of a high resolution all-reflection Michelson interferometer for solar occultation measurements of the OI 1304-ΩA triplet emission". Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/30815.
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A prototype All-Reflection Michelson Interferometer (AMI) was tested using two different diffraction gratings and a variety of light sources. The original design used a focusing lens, a pinhole aperture and an off-axis parabolic mirror for collimation, a plane diffraction grating and two plane mirrors to divide and recombine the light and a CCD camera to record the interference pattern. Interference patterns were recorded and analyzed in the Interactive Data Language (IDL) using Fourier transform techniques. The design was then modified to approximate an actual instrument for remote observations of the atomic oxygen 1304-A triplet emission. The results of numerous experiments using both the original and modified instruments verified the feasibility of using the AMI as a compact, lightweight, high resolution instrument for use on sounding rocket or satellite platforms.
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Děcká, Klára. "Interferometrické měření fázových změn optického svazku v turbulenci." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-377040.
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This master’s thesis deals with the impact of atmospheric turbulence on phase changes of a free space optical signal. This problematic is investigated by the interferometric method. A part of the thesis is focused on the phenomenon of atmospheric turbulence. Then the physical effect of interference is discussed and optical interferometers are described. The experimental part of the thesis is focused on measurement of phase shift of optical signal by interferometric method. The result of the thesis is to determine how phase shift of an optical beam depends on the strength of turbulence.
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Rozsypal, Filip. "Senzor na bázi optovláknového interferometru." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-400895.
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This diploma thesis deals with comparsion of 2x2 and 3x3 couplers. There is also description of issue of the Michelson interferometer and its use as a sensor. This sensor is very good at detecting vibrations. Part of the work is description of simulation of Michelson interferometer with 3x3 coupler as vibration sensor and localization of vibration on optical fiber by Michelson and Mach-Zehnder interferometer.
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Kovaľová, Soňa. "Interferometrické měření optického signálu v turbulenci." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-401960.
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The aim of this thesis is to quantify the impact of atmospheric turbulence on optical signal used in free space optic communication systems. The first part is associated with atmosphere as transmission medium. Following part deals with interferometry and components of interferometers. Various methods of analysis of trasmission environment for optical beam are introduced theoretically and experimentally. Mathematical apparatus based on Kolmogorov’s cascade theory, Rytov’s variance was used to find value of structural parameter of refraction as a main measure of turbulence intensity. Experimentally obtained data were subjected to statistical analysis. The visualization of interference pattern fluctuations under turbulent conditions is shown in the last section. Interferometric method was realized with Michelson interferometer.
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Friederich, Felix [Verfasser], and J. [Akademischer Betreuer] Orphal. "Auswirkungen präzipitierender Teilchen auf NO und NO2 der oberen Stratosphäre und unteren Mesosphäre: Messungen des Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS) / Felix Friederich. Betreuer: J. Orphal." Karlsruhe : KIT-Bibliothek, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1052263615/34.
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Kováč, Petr. "Využítí Michelsonova interferometru pro detekci optického signálu a měření malých odchylek polohy." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-217659.
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The dissertation is concerned with the description and utilization of interference of two coherent optical rays. In addition, the conditions of coherence and its connections with the occurance of interference are discussed. Michelson's interferometer is used for the practical utilization of the interference effect. The possibility of measuring relatively small changes is demonstrated - deviation of piezocrystal, measurement of the coherent length of optical source and measurement of the index of refraction of tramsparent materials. The manner of optical coherent detention and its utilization in optical communication systems is indicated. After demonstration of the principle was carried out the measuring of detection of optical signal modified by the external modulator.
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Rýc, Jan. "Michelsonův interferometr." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-218901.
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The diploma work deals with techniques of optical contactless distance and velocity measurement. A basic summary of the methods are involved. The problematic of interferometric methods for vibration measurements is analysed in detail. It contains division of interferometers, description of their function principles and also chapters dealing with elements used in interferometers such as lasers, photodetectors and elements in the ray optical way - polarizers, retarders, optical isolators. The vibration and length measurement methods are described, as well as the conception of homodyne and heterodyne detection. Part of this work focuses on the quadrature signal processing and on the proposal of algorithm for demodulation of velocity/displacement and undergoing simple motioning object deviation. This algorithm is implemented in Labview and the whole software instrument served also for visualisation of measured data of the interferometer model constructed in the laboratory. The way how to build up a model, its setting and two possible configurations suitable for homodyne detection are described. Model of interferometer is built-up on the optical breadboard. Particular components are fixed by the help of mounts. The model and software enable to measure the velocity and the vibration deviation with the light wavelength exactness. Functionality and the exactness of the laboratory model are verified by vibrometer. Effects on the measurement uncertainty are discussed here and ways how to restrain them are proposed.
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Miché, Pierre. "Automatisation d'un spectromètre intégral à étalon de Fabry-Perot : développement d'un capteur d'indice à haute résolution, commandé par ordinateur." Rouen, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987ROUES012.
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Asservissement par ordinateur de la mise en coïncidence et du déplacement en synchronisme des fonctions d'appareil de deux éléments optiques conjugués: un interféromètre de Fabry-Pérot à balayage par variations d'indice et un monochromateur à réseau. Pour l'asservissement du Fabry-Pérot, développement d'un capteur d'indice à haute résolution à partir d'un interféromètre de Michelson du type Sanders
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Filho, Antonio Francisco Gomes Furtado. "Estudo do desempenho do Multiplexador/Demultiplexador add/dropbaseado na configuraÃÃo do InterferÃmetro de Michelson de fibras Ãpticas para aplicaÃÃes em sistemas OTDMA e OCDMA." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2012. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=7784.
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico<br>CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior<br>Neste trabalho, alÃm dos capÃtulos que envolvem a teoria e definiÃÃes, foi basicamente divido em trÃs estudos: Primeiro (capÃtulo 4), apresentamos uma investigaÃÃo numÃrica do desempenho de um filtro passa-banda totalmente Ãptico composto por um acoplador direcional duplo seguido de duas grades de Bragg simetricamente iguais gravadas nos seus
braÃos de saÃda. Esta configuraÃÃo caracteriza um InterferÃmetro de Michelson com caracterÃsticas de um filtro add/drop. As caracterÃsticas de transmissÃo (T), taxa de extinÃÃo
(XR) e âcrosstalkâ (XT) foram estudadas a partir da aplicaÃÃo de um sinal CW (onda contÃnua) na entrada do dispositivo. A teoria de modos acoplados e o mÃtodo de Runge Kutta de 4a ordem foram aplicados, respectivamente para resolver as equaÃÃes diferenciais acopladas. Este à o primeiro estudo feito considerando a nÃo linearidade do acoplador e a linearidade das grades de Bragg. O dispositivo apresenta um comportamento altamente nÃo-linear em funÃÃo do defasamento entre as amplitudes dos feixes refletidos e em funÃÃo da potÃncia de entrada. Num segundo momento (capÃtulo 5) apresentamos a propagaÃÃo e chaveamento de pulsos ultracurto (~2ps) usando um interferÃmetro de Michelson de Fibras Ãpticas. Neste estudo o desempenho do interferÃmetro à estudado como uma funÃÃo das caracterÃsticas nÃo lineares do acoplador e das grades de Bragg. Os estudos numÃricos foram feitos a partir das equaÃÃes de modos acoplados resolvidas usando o mÃtodo de
Runge-Kutta de 4Â ordem. As caracterÃsticas de chaveamento do pulso foram analisadas em funÃÃo da potÃncia de entrada e do defasamento aplicado em uma das grades de Bragg. As
caracterÃsticas de transmissÃo (T), coeficiente de ExtinÃÃo (XR), âcrosstalkâ (XT), fator de compressÃo (FC). Utilizamos trÃs valores de potÃncia de entrada: abaixo da potÃncia critica
(P0=1W), igual a potÃncia crÃtica (P0=1,73W) e acima da potÃncia crÃtica (P0=1,95W). AtravÃs deste estudo, pode-se verificar que a transmissÃo, taxa de extinÃÃo, âcrosstalkâ e
fator de compressÃo dependem da potÃncia da bombeio inserida no dispositivo e da defasagem aplicada. O interferÃmetro de Michelson em fibras implementa componente de grande importÃncia para aplicaÃÃes em redes Ãpticas, como os demultiplexadores add/drop. Este dispositivo tem atraÃdo bastante interesse no campo das telecomunicaÃÃes devido a
sua alta capacidade de taxas de transmissÃo. Num terceiro momento foi apresentado um estudo de simulaÃÃo numÃrica do desempenho da codificaÃÃo e decodificaÃÃo de pulsos
Ãpticos curtos (ps) em sistemas OCDMA (Optical Code Division Multiple Access â acesso VIII mÃltiplo por divisÃo de cÃdigo no domÃnio Ãptico) baseado em FBG (Fiber Bragg Grating â
grade de Bragg em fibra Ãptica) onde os cÃdigos sÃo inseridos atravÃs de saltos discretos na fase Ãptica (Âπ). Para geraÃÃo de pulsos codificados foram utilizados cÃdigos de Gold
obtidos analiticamente. Analisamos como a inserÃÃo de cÃdigos adicionais afetam a autocorrelaÃÃo e correlaÃÃo cruzada. O interferÃmetro de Michelson inicialmente estudado no capÃtulo 4 foi utilizado para propagaÃÃo e chaveamento de sinais codificados. Baseados nas caracterÃsticas de TransmissÃo (T) e Taxa de extinÃÃo (XR) fizemos um estudo do dispositivo como multiplexador /demultiplexador add/drop na recuperaÃÃo de pulsos
codificados.<br>This work, in addition the chapters which involves both theory and definitions, was basically divided three studies: First (chapter 4),we present a numerical investigation of the performance of a bandpass filter composed of an all-optical directional coupler, followed by
two double bars Bragg recorded symmetrically equal outputs in their arms. This configuration features a Michelson interferometer with characteristics of an add/ drop filter. The transmission characteristics (T), extinction rate (XR) and "crosstalk" (XT) were studied based on the application of a CW signal (continuous wave) into the device. Theory of coupled modes and the Runge Kutta fourth order were applied respectively to solve the coupled differential equations. This is the first study considering the nonlinearity of the coupler and the linearity of Bragg gratings. The device features a highly nonlinear behavior as a function
of dephasing between the amplitudes of the reflected beams and depending on the input power. In a second step (section 5), the propagation and switching of ultrashort pulse (~
2PS) Michelson interferometer using an optical fiber. In this study the performance of the interferometer is studied as a function of the nonlinear characteristics of the coupler and Bragg gratings. The numerical studies were made from the coupled mode equations solved using the Runge-Kutta 4th order. The pulse switching characteristics were analyzed as a function of input power and applied to one dephasing Bragg gratings. The transmission characteristics (T), extinction coefficient (XR), "crosstalk" (XT), the compression factor (CF)and shape of the pulses were analyzed for different values of phase and different input powers. We use three values of input power: below the critical power (1W = P0), equal to the
critical power (P0 = 1.73W) and above the critical power (P0 = 1.95W). Through this study, it is found that the transmission rate of extinction, "crosstalk" and compression factor depends on the power of the pump device inserted into the gap and applied The Michelson interferometer fiber implement major component with applications in optical networks, such as demultiplexers add/drop. This device has attracted considerable interest in the field of telecommunications due to its ability of high transmission rates. In the third place was presented a numerical simulation study of the performance of encoding and decoding of short optical pulses (ps) systems OCDMA (Optical Code Division Multiple Access based on FBG (Fiber Bragg Grating ) where codes are inserted through discrete jumps in the optical phase (Â π). For generation of coded pulses were used Gold codes obtained analytically. We
look at how the inclusion of additional codes affect the autocorrelation and cross correlation.The Michelson interferometer initially studied Chapters 4 was used for propagation and switching of encrypted signals. Based on the characteristics of transmission (T) and extinction rate (XR) did a study of the device as multiplexer/demultiplexer add / drop in the recovery of coded pulses.
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Seaman, Shane Thomas. "Material Related Effects on the Structural Thermal Optical Performance of a Thermally Tunable Narrowband Interferometric Spectral Filter." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/90799.
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High Spectral Resolution Lidar (HSRL) is a backscatter lidar technique that employs an optical/spectral filter to distinguish between particulate (Mie) and molecular (Rayleigh) backscattered light. By separating the two types of returns, higher accuracy measurements are possible that will enable improved climate models, air quality measurements, and climate forecasting. A spaceborne HSRL instrument can provide great impact in these areas by enabling near-continuous measurements across the Earth, however the optical filter technology has typically been too complex for reliable long-duration space flight due to the need for complicated and costly electro-optic feedback loops, extra alignment detectors, and additional laser sources. Furthermore, these complexities limit the filter from use in other applications. In this research, a high-performance, ultra-narrowband interferometric optical filter with a specific thermo-optical behavior has been designed and built. The interferometer has been designed such that it can be reliably adjusted/tuned by simply monitoring and adjusting the temperature. The greatly reduced operational complexity was made possible through high-accuracy thermal characterization of the interferometer materials, combined with detailed Structural-Thermal-Optical-Performance (STOP) modeling to capture the complicated interactions between the materials. The overall design process, fabrication procedures, and characterization of the optical filter are presented.<br>Doctor of Philosophy<br>LiDAR (an acronym for Light Detection and Ranging) is a technology that can be used to measure properties of the atmosphere. It is similar to radar, but uses much smaller light waves rather than larger radio waves, enabling more detailed information to be obtained. High Spectral Resolution Lidar (HSRL) is a lidar technique that uses a high precision optical filter to distinguish between light that scatters from particulates (such as dust, smoke, or fog) and light that scatters from molecules (such as oxygen, nitrogen, or carbon dioxide) in the atmosphere. By separating the two types of backscattered light, higher accuracy measurements are possible that will enable improvements in climate models, air quality measurements, and climate forecasting. A spaceborne HSRL instrument can provide great impact in these areas by enabling near-continuous measurements across the Earth; however, the optical filter technology has typically been too complex for reliable long-duration spaceflight due to the need for complicated and expensive additional hardware. In this research, a high-performance HSRL optical filter that can be reliably operated by simply monitoring and adjusting the temperature has been designed, built, and tested. The greatly-reduced operational complexity has been made possible through a new process that enables more accurate prediction of the complicated interactions between the materials of the optical filter. This process is based on a combination of high-accuracy characterization of the materials and detailed structural-thermal-optical-performance (STOP) modeling. The overall design process, fabrication procedures, and characterization of the optical filter are presented.
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Wylde, Clarissa Eileen Kenney, and Clarissa Eileen Kenney Wylde. "The Art of Optical Aberrations." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/624090.
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Art and optics are inseparable. Though seemingly opposite disciplines, the combination of art and optics has significantly impacted both culture and science as they are now known. As history has run its course, in the sciences, arts, and their fruitful combinations, optical aberrations have proved to be a problematic hindrance to progress. In an effort to eradicate aberrations the simple beauty of these aberrational forms has been labeled as undesirable and discarded. Here, rather than approach aberrations as erroneous, these beautiful forms are elevated to be the photographic subject in a new body of work, On the Bright Side. Though many recording methods could be utilized, this work was composed on classic, medium-format, photographic film using white-light, Michelson interferometry. The resulting images are both a representation of the true light rays that interacted on the distorted mirror surfaces (data) and the artist’s compositional eye for what parts of the interferogram are chosen and displayed. A detailed description of the captivating interdisciplinary procedure is documented and presented alongside the final artwork, CCD digital reference images, and deformable mirror contour maps. This alluring marriage between the arts and sciences opens up a heretofore minimally explored aspect of the inextricable art-optics connection. It additionally provides a fascinating new conversation on the importance of light and optics in photographic composition.
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Ševčík, Michal. "Nanometrologická vibrometrie." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-220217.
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This thesis deals with the precise measurement of distances in nanometer range at ultrasonic frequencies for the purposes of vibrometry. The paper is primary focused on~nanometric displacement measurement methods. First the thesis deals with the physical phenomena based on light in the theoretical section. This includes interference of light, index of refraction, polarization, interferometry and more. Understanding of these physical laws is crucial for design and assembling of the interferometer. Subjects of interferometric method for precise and fast measurement of the nanometric displacement and vibration are discussed. Interferometer components such as lasers, photodetectors and optical elements are described are described in the final part of this section. Practical section of thesis can be divided into two parts. The design and assembling issues are discussed in the first section. Many problems which I had to solve are described. Control software and implementation of the signal processing is the subject of the second part. I met with particular problems such as phase unwrapping. I solved this problem of discontinuous phase field with user written algorithm. Finally the graphical user interface was created. Using assembled interferometer and written software application I measured vibration of Langevin transducer on ultrasonic frequencies.
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HUBERT, SEBASTIEN. "Interferometrie de plasmas denses utilisant un laser x-uv. Developpement d'un interferometre de michelson x-uv a 13,9 nm." Paris 11, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA112073.
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Dans le cadre des etudes menees sur la fusion par confinement inertiel par le ceadif, certains mecanismes physiques restent encore partiellement incompris, motivant le developpement de nouveaux appareils de diagnostic des plasmas. Ce travail de these presente les travaux menes principalement sur le developpement d'un interferometre michelson x-uv, utilise conjointement avec un laser x-uv, destine a l'etude de la repartition spatiale de la densite electronique des plasmas. Afin d'identifier les difficultes liees a l'etude de plasmas par laser x-uv, nous avons entrepris une premiere experience avec un interferometre a bi-miroir de fresnel (laboratoire charles fabry de l'institut d'optique d'orsay), couple a un systeme d'imagerie, et un laser x-uv a zinc neonoide a 21,2 nm (lsai). Une caracterisation numerique complete de l'experience d'interferometrie fut menee afin de determiner les parametres relatifs aux plasmas a etudier. Les interferogrammes obtenus, sans plasmas, sur des champs de 600 m 1,5 mm et avec une visibilite de 13%, ont neanmoins permis de valider la technique de l'interferometre imageur. Nous presentons ensuite l'ensemble du travail relatif au michelson x-uv qui debute par le developpement de lames separatrices x-uv double face ( = 13,9 nm, incidence de 45\) et leur metrologie (r = 21%, t = 15%). Ces lames fonctionnant avec le laser x-uv a argent nickelloide a 13,9 nm (lsai), la caracterisation numerique des plasmas fut reconduite. Nous validons ensuite le michelson x-uv avec cette source x-uv et nous presentons les interferogrammes obtenus. Ils couvrent un champ de 5 5 mm 2 (ouverture des lames), compatible avec l'etude des plasmas fci, avec une visibilite maximale de 76%. La premiere application de cet appareil a l'etude de la raie nickelloide a 13,9 nm, a montre une finesse de raie / variant entre 2. 10 5 et 4. 10 5 dans la section du faisceau, ce qui n'avait jamais ete vu auparavant, ni meme predit.
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Kedia, Sunny. "Optical Communication Using Hybrid Micro Electro Mechanical Structures (MEMS) and Commercial Corner Cube Retroreflector (CCR)." Scholar Commons, 2015. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5969.
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This dissertation presents a free-space, long-range, passive optical communication system that uses electrostatically modulated microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) structures coupled with a glass total internal reflection (TIR)-type corner cube retroreflector (CCR) as a non-emitting data transmitter. A CCR consists of three mirrors orthogonal to each other, so that the incident beam is reflected back to the incident beam, source. The operational concept is to have a MEMS modulator fusion with TIR CCR, such that the modulators are working periodically to disrupt the evanescent waves at the air interface of one of the three back glass faces of a TIR CCR. The MEMS chip has two primary components: (1) an array of movable light scattering silicon structures with nano roughness and (2) a glass lid with a transparent conductive indium tin oxide (ITO) film. The MEMS structures are bonded to a glass lid using flip-chip bonding. Once bonded, the MEMS structures can be modulated either toward or away from the glass lid, thus disrupting evanescent energy delivered from a probing laser beam. The MEMS structure is precisely bonded to the TIR CCR with an accuracy of 10-30 arc-seconds using a Michelson interferometry feedback system. This is a novel step by which an existing passive commercial CCR can be converted into a modulating active CCR. This CCR-MEMS unit acts as the key element of the transmitter. To illustrate the concept of a low-power, unattended, sensor-monitoring system, we developed a sensor board containing temperature, humidity, and magnetic sensors along with a microprocessor and other electronics. The sensor board and CCR board are packed together and act as the transmitter unit. We developed a benchtop system and an improved portable receiver system. The receiver system contains the laser (as source), a collimating lens (to collect retroreflected signal), an optical, narrow band pass filter, and a detector. The detector signal was amplified and filtered and sent either to the oscilloscope, a lock-in-amplifier, or a laptop to display the sensor data. Using the receiver system, a sensor-CCR-based transmitter unit, and receiver with 635 nm as source, we achieved retroreflective communication over a distance of 300 m.
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Gálvez, Límaco Ángel Manuel. "Demodulação digital usando sinais em quadratura e controle de fase óptica aplicada a um vibrômetro baseado em um interferômetro de Michelson modificado /." Ilha Solteira, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/192101.
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Orientador: Cláudio Kitano<br>Resumo: Nesta dissertação de mestrado é apresentado um vibrômetro para a medição de deslocamentos nanométricos. O vibrômetro proposto está baseado em um interferômetro de Michelson modificado, homódino e em malha fechada. A demodulação em tempo real é executada inteiramente em modo digital, utilizando uma plataforma embarcada que realiza a aquisição de dados, processamento dos sinais, controle PI (proporcional-integral) e a geração dos sinais que acionam o modulador de fase óptica (baseado em uma célula Pockels) e o atuador piezoelétrico sob estudo. Dois sinais em quadratura de fase são obtidos a partir de um único sinal interferométrico utilizando uma tensão de modulação principal e, em seguida, a conhecida técnica de multiplicação cruzada é aplicada para calcular a variação da fase óptica de interesse. A condição de quadratura é atingida pelo próprio controlador PI por meio da análise da figura de Lissajous dos sinais fora de fase. O novo vibrômetro óptico é capaz de medir deslocamentos nanométricos, e é simples, barato, exato, imune ao desvanecimento e auto-consistente. O controlador PI é robusto, uma vez que o método de demodulação é capaz de trabalhar com elevado ruído eletrônico, variações indesejáveis no ganho do amplificador e na tensão de meia-onda da célula Pockels com a temperatura e outras perturbações externas. O novo sistema foi utilizado para determinar a magnitude da resposta em frequência de dois protótipos de atuadores piezoelétricos flextensionais multiatuados. As ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)<br>Abstract: A vibrometer to measure nanometric displacements is presented in this work. The proposed vibrometer is based on a modified closed loop homodyne Michelson interferometer. Real-time phase demodulation is carried out entirely in a digital mode, using an embedded platform that performs data acquisition, signal processing, PI (proportional-integral) control and the generation of signals that drive the electrooptic Pockels cell phase shifter and the piezoelectric actuator under test. Two phase quadrature signals are generated from a single interferometric output, using the interleaving action, in alternation, of a digitally generated principal modulating signal, and then the well-known cross-multiplication technique is applied to perform the computation of the phase shift of interest. The quadrature condition is reached by the PI control itself, using the length difference between the major axis and the minor axis of the ellipse formed by the Lissajous figure associated with the out of phase signals as the controller error signal. The new optical vibrometer is capable of measuring nanometric displacements, and is simple, inexpensive, accurate, immune to fading and self-consistent. The PI controller is robust, since the demodulation method is able to work under high electronic noise, undesirable variations in Pockels cell half-wave voltage with temperature, amplifier gain and other external entrances. The new method was used to determine the displacement frequency response curves of... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)<br>Mestre
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Brož, Petr. "Zpracování a analýza oftalmologických obrazů a dat." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-219730.
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In this work is describe anatomy and physiology of the cornea. The following are the primary non-inflamatory degeneration of the cornea. Then describe the physical principles diagnostic devices for cornea – keratometer, pachymeter, Michelson interferometr and optical coherence tomography (OCT). At the end of the theoretical introduction is describes the principle of laser correction surgery – LASIK. The practical part is divided into two main objectives. The first task is propose an algorithm for automatic detection of corneal surface and then calculation of corneal thickness and size of the chamber angle in Matlab. The aim of the second task is image flap analysis for boundary detection.
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Han, Chen, and 陳翰. "A Homemade Optoelectronic Michelson Interferometer." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/35986955547731537525.
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碩士<br>輔仁大學<br>物理學系碩士班<br>102<br>Using a low-cost and commercially available phototransistor and a Schmitt trigger with immunity to false triggering as the light sensor and the waveform converter respectively, as well as a homemade counter, we successfully designed and constructed a simple reliable optoelectronic Michelson interferometer for an undergraduate optics laboratory. The results of experiments for measuring the wavelengths of red helium-neon laser light, blue Argon-ion laser light, and home-made infra-red Nd:YVO4 laser light achieve better than 0.1% accuracy using a bar made of memory foam material as a lever to rotate the micrometer to move a linear translation stage.
Due to the deficiency of an effective approach to focus low -intensity yellow light emitted from sodium lamps, we cannot measure the wavelength and coherence length of yellow sodium light, and the visibility of interference fringes for the time being.
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Babcock, David D. "Mesospheric Imaging Michelson Interferometer instrument development and observations /." 2006. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=1&did=1251892871&SrchMode=1&sid=3&Fmt=2&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1195659544&clientId=5220.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--York University, 2006. Graduate Programme in Earth and Space Science.<br>Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 144-148). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=1&did=1251892871&SrchMode=1&sid=3&Fmt=2&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1195659544&clientId=5220
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Nußhardt, Michael [Verfasser]. "Ein Michelson-Interferometer für Röntgenstrahlen / vorgelegt von Michael Nußhardt." 1999. http://d-nb.info/960515607/34.
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Li, Guo-Wei, and 李國威. "Michelson Interferometer for Phase Lock of an Optical Lattice." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/61741391701676294652.
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Lin, Fu-Jeng, and 林福正. "Quadrature Phase Michelson Interferometer and Compensation of Nonlinear Errors." Thesis, 1994. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/87674505198934333453.
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shie, Yilin, and 謝易霖. "The Fabrication and Investigation of White-Light Michelson Interferometer." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/82503116013905115544.
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碩士<br>明新科技大學<br>電子工程研究所<br>96<br>A white-light Michelson interferometer with a green band-pass filter is built, that is mainly used for measuring surface profiles on large regions with large varieties of height. A laser alignment is used to approach the lengths of both optical paths. The three dimension surface profiles are reconstructed by the white-light vertical scanning interference interferometry and zero order interference fringe identification. The experimental results show that the surface profiles, with the height of adjacent pixels more than a quarter wavelength, are successfully measured with same errors by the white-light interferometry. The relationship between applied voltages and displacement of piezoelectric transducer devices is also accurately measured in this research by both using analyses of phase shifting interferometry algorithms and setting up a Twyman-Green interferometer. This relationship is applied in the white-light Michelson interferometer for automation measurement and improves the resolution and repeatability of experimental measurements.
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JHAN, RU-PING, and 詹汝平. "The Digital PGC Demodulation System of Michelson Interferometer Sensor." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/dgxp66.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>國立虎尾科技大學<br>光電工程系光電與材料科技碩士班<br>107<br>In this thesis, the Michelson Interferometer sensor combined with an optical switch is used to form a parallel time-division multiplexed Michelson interferometer interference sensing system. The optical switch is used as a component of the switching sensor to generate different vibration signals and phase modulation with the reference arm. The Faraday Rotating Mirror (FRM) element produces a non-polarization architecture by replacing the fiber optic mirror with a change in the polarization state caused by the fiber. The use of an optical switch as a component for switching users enhances the practical functions of this time-multiplexed system. Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is used for data observation and acquisition and digital signal processing.
In terms of phase demodulation, we propose two techniques for PGC demodulation: first, Differentiate-and-cross-multiplication (DCM) and second, arctangent algorithm. The MATLAB program was used to simulate and analyze the two technologies. By recording and analyzing the interference signals of these sensors through the FPGA module, the Michelson Interferometer (MI) phase modulation fiber sensor can be realized, which can overcome the shortcomings of many conventional systems. And for its practical application problems, it proposes effective and practical optimization and improvement techniques.