Academic literature on the topic 'Micro and macro text'
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Journal articles on the topic "Micro and macro text"
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TOVMASYAN, Hranush. "PRESUPPOSITIONAL AND LOGICAL ARCHITECTURE OF THE TEXT." Foreign Languages in Higher Education 25, no. 2 (31) (2022): 30–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.46991/flhe/2021.25.2.030.
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The paper is an attempt to shed light on one of the most interesting issues on the crossroads of pragmatics and text linguistics – presuppositional and logical structure of the text. The relevance of this study is determined by the fact that it unveils text architecture from a new angle – its micro-/macropresuppositional content. The research outcomes allow of the following statement – the semantic structure of the text largely owes to and depends on the macro-/micro-presuppositions of the text underlying it. The paper also clarifies the differences between the notions of micro-text and macro-text on the one hand and micro-presupposition and macro-presupposition on the other as these phenomena play a crucial role in text composition and progression.
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Sultanova, Zarifa Uktamovna. "Structural-semantic description of micro and macro texts." Research and implementation 2, no. 10 (2024): 12–21. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13987206.
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This article not only gives detailed information about the issue of text which’s the major part of linguistics, but also discusses its types in modern linguistics and linguistic-cultural, structural-semantic description. The parts of the text have been analyzed pragmatically, sociolinguistically, and literary in terms of speech ethics by the help of excerpts from works of art. There’s an idea that the issue of the text is being researched as an object of linguculturalology in the introduction of the article. It is emphasized that the question of how to achieve the best analysis of the text is always controversial in modern linguistics, and that the best analysis of the text can be achieved only through the correct understanding of the relationship between deictic elements in the main part of the article. Text types can be classified differently on different grounds. The accuracy of the basis of classification and the consistent implementation of the classification have been considered to be one of the significant factors in clarifying the nature of the issue
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Gallini, Joan K., and Hiller Spires. "MACRO‐BASED, MICRO‐BASED, AND COMBINED STRATEGIES IN TEXT PROCESSING." Reading Psychology 16, no. 1 (1995): 21–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0270271950160102.
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BANAKH, T., and N. NOVOSAD. "MICRO AND MACRO FRACTALS GENERATED BY MULTI-VALUED DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS." Fractals 22, no. 04 (2014): 1450012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218348x14500121.
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Given a multi-valued function Φ : X ⊸ X on a topological space X we study the properties of its fixed fractal[Formula: see text], which is defined as the closure of the orbit Φω(*Φ) = ⋃n∈ωΦn(*Φ) of the set *Φ = {x ∈ X : x ∈ Φ(x)} of fixed points of Φ. A special attention is paid to the duality between micro-fractals and macro-fractals, which are fixed fractals [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] for a contracting compact-valued function Φ : X ⊸ X on a complete metric space X. With help of algorithms (described in this paper) we generate various images of macro-fractals which are dual to some well-known micro-fractals like the fractal cross, the Sierpiński triangle, Sierpiński carpet, the Koch curve, or the fractal snowflakes. The obtained images show that macro-fractals have a large-scale fractal structure, which becomes clearly visible after a suitable zooming.
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Serafis, Dimitris, E. Dimitris Kitis, and Argiris Archakis. "Graffiti slogans and the construction of collective identity: evidence from the anti-austerity protests in Greece." Text & Talk 38, no. 6 (2018): 775–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/text-2018-0023.
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Abstract This article examines the way that collective identity was discursively constructed during the anti-austerity protests of 28 and 29 June 2011 on the environs of the Greek Parliament. Drawing on the framework of critical discourse analysis, we study the interrelation between macro-level (dominant) values and views, and micro-level individual positions as expressed in graffiti slogans that appeared during the protests. The graffiti data comes from a personal archive which consists of 40 slogans, collected during June 2011. We conduct a systemic-functional analysis to scrutinize the transitivity structures of graffiti slogans, employing the notion of anti-language as central to the micro-level. We then draw on the notion of collective identity to frame the graffiti at the macro-level. Among our main findings is that the writers of graffiti slogans construct their collective identity on a two-fold oppositional axis: the first consists of the dominant institutions or “others,” which are negatively represented, while the second consists of a positively represented and inclusive in-group or “we.” The focus on graffiti has two manifest and interrelated goals: (a) to scrutinize the protesters’ semiotics in order to piece together their identity, thus avoiding subsequent hegemonic interpretations of the participants’ identity; and (b) to preserve the elaborate counter-reality constructed by these ephemeral messages against the official and “mainstream” discourses and their reality.
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Heath, Shirley Brice. "Commentary 2. Building the micros toward seeing the macro." Text & Talk - An Interdisciplinary Journal of Language, Discourse Communication Studies 26, no. 4-5 (2006): 627–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/text.2006.026.
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Cornish, Francis. "Micro-syntax, macro-syntax, foregrounding and backgrounding in discourse." Information Structure, Discourse Structure and Grammatical Structure 26 (November 2, 2012): 6–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/bjl.26.01cor.
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Adopting Berrendonner’s (1990, 2002) and Berrendonner et al.’s (forthcoming) distinction between “micro-syntax” and “macro-syntax”, as well as the orthogonal dichotomy between foregrounded and backgrounded discourse segments (cf. Khalil 2005), this paper aims to examine certain “non-canonical” interactions amongst these domains. In particular, it analyses instances where a potential referent is evoked within a highly presupposed, discursively backgrounded text segment, but where that referent is targeted via an “anadeictic” indexical expression and may be made into a discourse entity in its own right. This last-mentioned use is characteristic of discourse deixis, but not of anaphora as such. The paper also examines larger stretches of text, which relate to each other discursively in terms of “macro-syntax”. The overall aim is to characterise the limits of discourse-anaphoric reference as a function of the degree of backgrounding or foregrounding of the discourse units in terms of which the referent is determined and targeted.
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Tri handayani, Athanasia Reini, Sumarlam Sumarlam, and Miftah Nugroho. "A Critical Discourse Analysis of United States Presidential Election News 2020 in newyorktimes.com." International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding 10, no. 5 (2023): 278. http://dx.doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v10i5.4441.
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This research raised the problem of the ideology of one mass media, namely FoxNews.com in its news about the news of the United States Election in 2020. Study of Critical Discourse Analysis (AWK) Teun A. Van Dijk Model is used in solving this research problem. This research uses a qualitative approach. The data source is the news text published on the online news site newyorktimes.com The data collection methods used are documentation techniques, refer methods and record techniques. Data analysis methods in this study include data reducing, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. In this study found a language structure that is divided into 3 levels, namely (1) macro structure, global meaning of a text that can be observed through the theme hats the theme raised by a text; (2) superstructure, the framework of a text, such as the introduction, content, closing, and conclusions; (3) Micro structure, local meaning of a text that can be observed through the choice of words, sentences, and styles used by the text. For overall found (1) macro structure, topics or themes put forward in a news; (2) superstructure, the structure of discourse that connects the scheme or plot of a text, how the text section is composed of the news as a whole; (3) Micro structure, small parts of a text, namely sentences, propositions, classes, and parafrase. Although consisting of various elements, but these elements are a unity that is interconnected and supports each other.Keywords: macro Structure, Superstructure, Micro Structure, Van Dijk
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Suparman, NFN. "STRUKTUR WACANA BERITA POLITIK SURAT KABAR PALOPO POS." UNDAS: Jurnal Hasil Penelitian Bahasa dan Sastra 16, no. 2 (2020): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.26499/und.v16i2.2185.
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This study aims to describe the macro structure, superstructure, and micro structure of political news discourse in the Palopo Pos newspaper. This type of research is a qualitative descriptive study. The data source of this research is the political news discourse in Palopo Pos newspaper 23 and 24 February 2018. The research data are excerpts, words, clauses, phrases, sentences, and discourse contained in the political news of Palopo Pos newspaper 23 and 24 February 2018. The object of this research is the macro structure, superstructure, and micro structure of political news discourse. Data obtained by reading and note taking techniques. The results of research on the political news Palopo Pos published 23 and 24 February 2018 are divided into three structures, namely the macro structure, superstructure, and micro structure. In the research on the micro structure of news text discourse, many attitudes of journalists were found to support the Palopo Pos political news text discourse. This shows that the ideology of a journalist greatly influences the formation of a news text. Journalists disguise their alignments in the news discourse by using these elements. With the discourse strategy, journalists can implicitly or explicitly state their ideology and guide public opinion in the direction journalists expect.
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Dooley, Robert A. "Source-language versus Target-language Discourse Features in Translating the Word of God." Journal of Translation 1, no. 2 (2005): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.54395/jot-x4f8c.
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Many Bible translations, including one in Mbyá Guarani of Brazil which this article takes as a case study, use natural target-language discourse patterns on &lquo;micro-levels” (within a thematic unit and usually within a sentence or two) but source-text patterns on “macro-levels.” Questions arise: Why should such a strategy be used? Why might it work? On macro-levels, how can readers understand what is presented with source-text patterns? And on micro-levels, how can a translation claim to communicate the author’s original intent when its discourse functions—not just its forms—are radically different from those of the source text? This article explores such questions and proposes answers using concepts from such diverse areas as general cognition, text processing, genre innovation, information structure, indices of markedness and reader confidence.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Micro and macro text"
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La, Rosa Giulia. "Per un commento alle Senili di Petrarca : aspetti micro-testuali e macro-strutturali della raccolta." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 3, 2023. https://theses.hal.science/tel-04619703.
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Cette thèse porte sur le recueil des Res Seniles de Pétrarque, le dernier recueil épistolaire en latin commencé par l’auteur en 1361 et achevé in limine mortis en 1374. Ce travail de recherche se propose d’explorer l’espace macro-structurel des Senili de Pétrarque, en accordant une attention particulière aux paramètres de composition et aux stratégies de connexion interne qui sous-tendent la création du recueil de senilitate. Ma recherche se concentre précisément sur la relation réciproque qui existe entre les textes individuels et la collection conçue pour les accueillir. La thèse se compose de trois parties. La première est structurée en trois chapitres: le premier est consacré à la genèse du recueil des Senili; le deuxième se concentre sur la tradition du texte; le troisième chapitre de la première partie reconstruit l’histoire éditoriale de la syllogue. La section principale de la thèse propose un examen des dix-sept livres des Res Seniles. Pour chaque liber, a été défini une vue synthétique de son contenu, accompagné de données sur la cohérence textuelle, la datation et l’ordre des lettres, le nombre et l’identité des destinataires, et la présence éventuelle de liens intra- et intertextuelles qui permettent de démêler le réseau de renvois à d’autres écrits de Pétrarque.La troisième partie de la thèse rend compte de la solidité de la conception d’ensemble de l’ouvrage, en mettant en évidence la cohérence et la cohésion du macro-texte et en interprétant les logiques organisationnelles qui ont présidé à l’agencement des textes du recueil<br>This thesis focuses on the collection of Francesco Petrarca’s Res Seniles, the last latin epistolary started by the author in 1361 and concluded in limine mortis in 1374. This thesis intends to delve into the macro-structural space of Petrarca’s Senili, with specific attention toward the compositional parameters and the strategies of internal connection underlying the creation of the collection de senilitate. My research focuses precisely on the reciprocal relationship that exists between the individual texts and the collection designed to accommodate them. The thesis consists of three parts. The first is structured in three chapters; the first one is dedicated to the genesis of the Senili’s collection; the second one focuses on the tradition of the text; the third chapter of the first part reconstructs the editorial history of the sylloge. The main section of the thesis offers an examination of the Res Seniles seventeen books. For each liber, it has been defined a summary prospectus of its contents, accompanied by data on textual consistency, the dating and the ordering of the letters, the number and identity of the addressees, and the possible presence of intra- and intertextual references that allow unraveling the network of cross-references to other Petrarchan writings.The third part of the thesis gives an account of the solidity of the overall design of the work, highlighting the coherence and cohesion of the macro-text and interpreting the organizational logics that presided over the arrangement of the texts in the collection
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Crossman, Nathaniel C. "Stream Clustering And Visualization Of Geotagged Text Data For Crisis Management." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1590957641168863.
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Atherton, Paul. "Causes and consequences of educational achievement : a macro and micro-economic analysis of international school test scores." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.522990.
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Gao, Qian-Feng. "Micro-macro approach of dilatancy phenomenon in remoulded clays - Study of the behaviour under saturated and unsaturated conditions." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0257/document.
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La nature complexe de l'argile a amené les chercheurs à s’intéresser à ses comportements mécaniques et microstructure. L'objectif de cette recherche est d'étudier l'influence des chemins de contrainte triaxiaux sur le comportement mécanique et sur les mécanismes qui se produisent au niveau microstructural. L’étude est réalisée en considérant à un niveau de contrainte donné, le phénomène de dilatance est approché suivant des chemins de contraintes différents. Dans un deuxième temps, l’étude se porte sur l’influence de la succion sur le comportement. Pour les argiles remaniées saturées, le comportement dilatant à un niveau de contrainte donné, atteint par deux chemins de contrainte différents a été finement analysé. L’influence du niveau de contrainte a été également abordée dans le cadre de cette étude. L’analyse microstructurale a été analysée à différentes échelles au moyen de différentes méthodes. Au niveau macroscopique, les résultats ont montré que, pour un niveau de contrainte donné, le comportement volumétrique est fonction du chemin de contrainte. La dilatance est activée dans le cas d’argiles surconsolidées principalement lorsque le chargement est purement déviatorique. Au niveau microscopique, les résultats mettent en évidence cinq modes d’orientation des particules qui pourraient être activés sous chargement triaxial. Les résultats révèlent que l’apparition de la dilatance dans les argiles remaniées fortement surconsolidées peut être attribuée à l'arrangement tortueux des particules d'argile, l'ouverture des micropores ainsi que la formation et l’ouverture de fissures mésoscopiques. Pour les argiles remaniées non saturées, les études sont réalisés par les essais macroscopiques et mésoscopiques sur l'argile Kaolin K13 et un mélange kaolinite-montmorillonite. L’évolution des succions a été mesurée au moyen d’hygromètres placés dans les extrémités supérieure et inférieure d’échantillon. Les résultats démontrent que la contrainte déviatorique d’argile non saturée, lorsque la succion est forte, commence par augmenter jusqu'à un sommet puis diminue pour rejoindre une valeur résiduelle. La résistance au cisaillement d’argile non saturée augmente généralement avec la contrainte moyenne et la succion. Cependant, dans nos essais à succion très élevée le développement d’une fissuration lors du séchage a conduit à perdre l’homogénéité du matériau et à réduire la résistance au cisaillement de l’éprouvette<br>The complex nature of clay has aroused great interest of researchers in its mechanical behaviour and microstructure. The objective of this research is to examine the influence of triaxial stress paths on the mechanical behaviour of remoulded clay and the mechanisms that occur at the microstructural level. The dilatancy phenomenon is particularly investigated considering a given stress level reached by following different stress paths. In the second part, this research focuses on the influence of suctions on the mechanical behaviour. For the saturated remoulded clay, the dilative behaviour at a given stress level, reached by following two different stress paths was analysed in detail. The influence of stress levels was also examined in this research. The microstructural analysis was conducted at different scales by means of different methods. The macroscopic results of saturated clay show that, at a given stress level, the volumetric behaviour greatly depends on the stress path. In the case of overconsolidated clay, the dilatancy is activated especially when triaxial shearing is performed following the purely deviatoric stress path. At the microscopic level, the results highlight five modes of particle orientation that could be activated under triaxial loading. The results also reveal that the appearance of dilatancy phenomenon in highly overconsolidated remoulded clay may be attributed to the tortuous arrangement of clay particles, the opening of micropores, and the formation and opening of mesocracks. For the unsaturated remoulded clay, the studies were performed through many macroscopic and mesoscopic tests on Kaolin K13 clay and a kaolinite-montmorillonite mixture. The evolution of suctions was measured using hygrometers placed near the upper and lower ends of clay specimens. The results show that, at a high suction level, the deviatoric stress of unsaturated clay increases to a peak and then decreases down to a residual value. The shear strength of unsaturated clay generally increases with increasing mean stress and suction. However, in the high suction tests, the development of cracks during drying led to the inhomogeneity of the specimens and thus resulted in relatively small shear strengths
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Gao, Qian-Feng. "Micro-macro approach of dilatancy phenomenon in remoulded clays - Study of the behaviour under saturated and unsaturated conditions." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0257.
Full textAbstract:
La nature complexe de l'argile a amené les chercheurs à s’intéresser à ses comportements mécaniques et microstructure. L'objectif de cette recherche est d'étudier l'influence des chemins de contrainte triaxiaux sur le comportement mécanique et sur les mécanismes qui se produisent au niveau microstructural. L’étude est réalisée en considérant à un niveau de contrainte donné, le phénomène de dilatance est approché suivant des chemins de contraintes différents. Dans un deuxième temps, l’étude se porte sur l’influence de la succion sur le comportement. Pour les argiles remaniées saturées, le comportement dilatant à un niveau de contrainte donné, atteint par deux chemins de contrainte différents a été finement analysé. L’influence du niveau de contrainte a été également abordée dans le cadre de cette étude. L’analyse microstructurale a été analysée à différentes échelles au moyen de différentes méthodes. Au niveau macroscopique, les résultats ont montré que, pour un niveau de contrainte donné, le comportement volumétrique est fonction du chemin de contrainte. La dilatance est activée dans le cas d’argiles surconsolidées principalement lorsque le chargement est purement déviatorique. Au niveau microscopique, les résultats mettent en évidence cinq modes d’orientation des particules qui pourraient être activés sous chargement triaxial. Les résultats révèlent que l’apparition de la dilatance dans les argiles remaniées fortement surconsolidées peut être attribuée à l'arrangement tortueux des particules d'argile, l'ouverture des micropores ainsi que la formation et l’ouverture de fissures mésoscopiques. Pour les argiles remaniées non saturées, les études sont réalisés par les essais macroscopiques et mésoscopiques sur l'argile Kaolin K13 et un mélange kaolinite-montmorillonite. L’évolution des succions a été mesurée au moyen d’hygromètres placés dans les extrémités supérieure et inférieure d’échantillon. Les résultats démontrent que la contrainte déviatorique d’argile non saturée, lorsque la succion est forte, commence par augmenter jusqu'à un sommet puis diminue pour rejoindre une valeur résiduelle. La résistance au cisaillement d’argile non saturée augmente généralement avec la contrainte moyenne et la succion. Cependant, dans nos essais à succion très élevée le développement d’une fissuration lors du séchage a conduit à perdre l’homogénéité du matériau et à réduire la résistance au cisaillement de l’éprouvette<br>The complex nature of clay has aroused great interest of researchers in its mechanical behaviour and microstructure. The objective of this research is to examine the influence of triaxial stress paths on the mechanical behaviour of remoulded clay and the mechanisms that occur at the microstructural level. The dilatancy phenomenon is particularly investigated considering a given stress level reached by following different stress paths. In the second part, this research focuses on the influence of suctions on the mechanical behaviour. For the saturated remoulded clay, the dilative behaviour at a given stress level, reached by following two different stress paths was analysed in detail. The influence of stress levels was also examined in this research. The microstructural analysis was conducted at different scales by means of different methods. The macroscopic results of saturated clay show that, at a given stress level, the volumetric behaviour greatly depends on the stress path. In the case of overconsolidated clay, the dilatancy is activated especially when triaxial shearing is performed following the purely deviatoric stress path. At the microscopic level, the results highlight five modes of particle orientation that could be activated under triaxial loading. The results also reveal that the appearance of dilatancy phenomenon in highly overconsolidated remoulded clay may be attributed to the tortuous arrangement of clay particles, the opening of micropores, and the formation and opening of mesocracks. For the unsaturated remoulded clay, the studies were performed through many macroscopic and mesoscopic tests on Kaolin K13 clay and a kaolinite-montmorillonite mixture. The evolution of suctions was measured using hygrometers placed near the upper and lower ends of clay specimens. The results show that, at a high suction level, the deviatoric stress of unsaturated clay increases to a peak and then decreases down to a residual value. The shear strength of unsaturated clay generally increases with increasing mean stress and suction. However, in the high suction tests, the development of cracks during drying led to the inhomogeneity of the specimens and thus resulted in relatively small shear strengths
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Caruel, Marie. "Thermomechanical characterization and modeling of shape memory alloys - application on 26at%Nb-Ti." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UPAST146.
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Le comportement des alliages à mémoire de forme est piloté par une transformation de phase solide-solide du premier ordre se développant aux échelles microscopiques (échelle du grain ou sub-grain). Grâce à leur comportement atypique (propriété mémoire de forme et pseudo-élasticité), ils sont le candidat privilégié de nombreuses applications. La famille la plus utilisée aujourd'hui est celle des alliages binaires nickel-titane en proportion stœchiométrique. Leur grande capacité pseudo-élastique (déformation réversible de 5% à 10 %) a permis leur utilisation massive dans le domaine du médical. Aujourd'hui, les études montrent que le nickel est toxique pour l'homme, avec une augmentation du risque de cancers. Les alliages NiTi présentent d'autre part une raideur mécanique trop élevée. Les alliages binaires de niobium-titane peuvent constituer une alternative intéressante.La mise en place d'essais de caractérisations thermo-mécaniques micro-macro est nécessaire afin de mieux comprendre leur comportement. L'objectif ensuite est de proposer une modélisation adaptée, capable de reproduire au mieux le comportement de ces alliages tout en assurant une identification simple des paramètres matériaux<br>The behaviour of shape memory alloys is driven by a first-order solid-solid phase transformation taking place at microscopic scales (grain or sub-grain scale). Thanks to their atypical behaviour (shape memory and pseudo-elastic capacities), they are the privileged candidate for many applications. The family most widely used today is that of binary nickel-titanium alloys in stoichiometric proportions. Their high pseudo-elastic capacity (reversible strain from 5% to 10%) has led to their widespread use in the medical field. Today, studies show that nickel is toxic to humans, with an increased risk of cancer. NiTi alloys exhibit a too high mechanical stiffness. Niobium-titanium binary alloys can be a promising alternative.Micro-macro thermo-mechanical characterisation tests need to be developed to gain a better understanding of their behaviour. The next objective is to propose a suitable model capable of reproducing the behaviour of these alloys as closely as possible, while ensuring simple identification of the material parameters
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VIALE, NICOLA. "A new flat jack test for evaluating shear properties on unreinforced masonry." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2846617.
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Morrell, John Bryant. "Parallel Coupled Micro-Macro Actuators." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/7066.
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This thesis presents a new actuator system consisting of a micro-actuator and a macro-actuator coupled in parallel via a compliant transmission. The system is called the Parallel Coupled Micro-Macro Actuator, or PaCMMA. In this system, the micro-actuator is capable of high bandwidth force control due to its low mass and direct-drive connection to the output shaft. The compliant transmission of the macro-actuator reduces the impedance (stiffness) at the output shaft and increases the dynamic range of force. Performance improvement over single actuator systems was expected in force control, impedance control, force distortion and reduction of transient impact forces. A set of quantitative measures is proposed and the actuator system is evaluated against them: Force Control Bandwidth, Position Bandwidth, Dynamic Range, Impact Force, Impedance ("Backdriveability'"), Force Distortion and Force Performance Space. Several theoretical performance limits are derived from the saturation limits of the system. A control law is proposed and control system performance is compared to the theoretical limits. A prototype testbed was built using permanenent magnet motors and an experimental comparison was performed between this actuator concept and two single actuator systems. The following performance was observed: Force bandwidth of 56Hz, Torque Dynamic Range of 800:1, Peak Torque of 1040mNm, Minimum Torque of 1.3mNm. Peak Impact Force was reduced by an order of magnitude. Distortion at small amplitudes was reduced substantially. Backdriven impedance was reduced by 2-3 orders of magnitude. This actuator system shows promise for manipulator design as well as psychophysical tests of human performance.
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Lee, Soyoung. "Micro Heterogeneity and Macro Implications." The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1591019323932109.
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Caloia, Francesco Giuseppe <1991>. "Micro effects of macro policies." Doctoral thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/18456.
Full textBooks on the topic "Micro and macro text"
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National Institute of Standards and Technology (U.S.), ed. One degree micro-macro manipulator integration test. U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Technology Administration, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2000.
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National Institute of Standards and Technology (U.S.), ed. One degree micro-macro manipulator integration test. U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Technology Administration, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2000.
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National Institute of Standards and Technology (U.S.), ed. One degree micro-macro manipulator integration test. U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Technology Administration, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2000.
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National Institute of Standards and Technology (U.S.), ed. One degree micro-macro manipulator integration test. U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Technology Administration, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2000.
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National Institute of Standards and Technology (U.S.), ed. One degree micro-macro manipulator integration test. U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Technology Administration, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2000.
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National Institute of Standards and Technology (U.S.), ed. One degree micro-macro manipulator integration test. U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Technology Administration, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2000.
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National Institute of Standards and Technology (U.S.), ed. ONE DEGREE MICRO-MACRO MANIPULATOR INTEGRATION TEST... NISTIR 6562... U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE. s.n., 2001.
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Bertram, Albrecht, and Jürgen Tomas, eds. Micro-Macro-interaction. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-85715-0.
Full textBook chapters on the topic "Micro and macro text"
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Whitfield, Petronilla. "The Micro and Macro Strategy – Deconstructing and Reconstructing Meaning and Significance in Shakespeare’s text Towards Performance." In Teaching Strategies for Neurodiversity and Dyslexia in Actor Training. Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429458590-13.
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Svandrlik, Rita. "Il tempo non lineare in Esterno giorno – Val Rosandra di Claudio Magris e in La gita delle ragazze morte di Anna Seghers." In Biblioteca di Studi di Filologia Moderna. Firenze University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-338-3.08.
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In Anna Seghers’ short story, Gita delle ragazze morte (1943-1944) and in Claudio Magris’ Esterno giorno – Val Rosandra (1982), a group of high school friends and their trip on the eve of World War I provide the narrative nucleus around which individual micro-histories meet macro-history. In the proposed analysis, the reason for the deprivation is identified as an element common to the two texts. In Seghers’ story, the temporal distance is cancelled out in a continuum, whereas Magris’ story operates through multiplication and fading between different typologies of texts: novel, screenplay, film, Goethe’s Faust, and short story.
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Bilgili, Özge, and Marta Bivand Erdal. "Economic, Sociocultural and Political Transnationalism." In IMISCOE Research Series. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-91554-3_3.
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Abstract This chapter explores migrant transnationalism in different areas of life, focusing on economic, socio-cultural and political transnationalism. It starts by looking at economic transnationalism, especially the importance of remittances—how and why they are sent, including digital and reverse remittances, and their effects on families and communities. Text boxes expand on the hawala system, transnational entrepreneurship, and the role of remittance costs in the Sustainable Development Goals. It then turns to sociocultural transnationalism, focusing on social relationships, traditions, and ideas shared across countries. It discusses the concept of social remittances, as well as transnational families and care. Finally, the chapter examines political transnationalism, including diaspora policies, voting from abroad, and dual citizenship. By connecting micro- and macro-level dynamics, it highlights how migrants’ transnational engagements shape and are shaped by broader structures across multiple domains.
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Abu Ahmad, Raia, Ekaterina Borisova, and Georg Rehm. "FoRC@NSLP2024: Overview and Insights from the Field of Research Classification Shared Task." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-65794-8_12.
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AbstractThis article provides an overview of the Field of Research Classification (FoRC) shared task conducted as part of the Natural Scientific Language Processing Workshop (NSLP) 2024. The FoRC shared task encompassed two subtasks: the first was a single-label multi-class classification of scholarly papers across a taxonomy of 123 fields, while the second focused on fine-grained multi-label classification within computational linguistics, using a taxonomy of 170 (sub-)topics. The shared task received 13 submissions for the first subtask and two for the second, with teams surpassing baseline performance metrics in both subtasks. The winning team for subtask I employed a multi-modal approach integrating metadata, full-text, and images from publications, achieving a weighted F1 score of 0.75, while the winning team for the second subtask leveraged a weakly supervised X-transformer model enriched with automatically labelled data, achieving a micro F1 score of 0.56 and a macro F1 of 0.43.
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Romano, Maurizio, Francesco Mola, and Claudio Conversano. "Decomposing tourists’ sentiment from raw NL text to assess customer satisfaction." In Proceedings e report. Firenze University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-304-8.29.
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The importance of the Word of Mouth is growing day by day in many topics. This phenomenon is evident in everyday life, e.g., the rise of influencers and social media managers. If more people positively debate specific products, then even more people are encouraged to buy them and vice versa. This effect is directly affected by the relationship between the potential customer and the reviewer. Moreover, considering the negative reporting bias is evident in how the Word of Mouth analysis is of absolute interest in many fields. We propose an algorithm to extract the sentiment from a natural language text corpus. The combined approach of Neural Networks, with high predictive power but more challenging interpretation, with more simple but informative models, allows us to quantify a sentiment with a numeric value and to predict if a sentence has a positive (negative) sentiment. The assessment of an objective quantity improves the interpretation of the results in many fields. For example, it is possible to identify crucial specific sectors that require intervention, improving the company's services whilst finding the strengths of the company himself (useful for advertising campaigns). Moreover, considering that the time information is usually available in textual data with a web origin, to analyze trends on macro/micro topics. After showing how to properly reduce the dimensionality of the textual data with a data-cleaning phase, we show how to combine: WordEmbedding, K-Means clustering, SentiWordNet, and the Threshold-based Naïve Bayes classifier. We apply this method to Booking.com and TripAdvisor.com data, analyzing the sentiment of people who discuss a particular issue, providing an example of customer satisfaction.
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Mazhar, Amal Aly. "Haggag Oddoul’s "Tasābīḥ Nīlīya" (Hymns to the Nile)." In Voices from Nubia. punctum books, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.53288/0476.1.06.
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Nubian writer Haggag Oddoul has been a highly controversial literary figure and political activist, often connected with allegations of separatism of the ancient land of Nubia from Egypt. Oddoul’s play Tasābīḥ Nīlīya (Hymns to the Nile, 2004) is unique and interesting as he opts for a literary genre which other Nubian writers do not normally make use of, and which directly addresses the audience and hence has an instant and far-reaching impact. This chapter explores and seeks to refute allegations of separatism as Oddoul himself makes clear in his depiction of his themes and characters. Oddoul dedicates his play to the Egyptian goddess Isis, “the warm embrace of safety and security to all variations.” By “variations”, Oddoul implies all races and religions which have existed in Egypt since time immemorial. If any literary text has “a strategic agenda,” i.e., an overriding message that the writer seeks to convey, I will argue that the play asserts and highly celebrates homogeneity and plurality in Egypt, and not separatism. Oddoul deploys [ostdramatic technique to express his unique vision of a micro, nonessentialist identity as one rich mosaic in the macro Egyptian identity.
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de S. Penha-Marion, Laura A., Gaëtanelle Gilquin, and Marie-Aude Lefer. "Chapter 6. The effect of directionality on lexico‑syntactic simplification in French>." In Contact Language Library. John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/coll.60.06pen.
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This chapter reports on an exploratory case study designed to investigate lexico-syntactic simplification in French>L1 translation) and translation from the L1 into the FL (L1>FL translation). The aim of the study is to determine whether directionality affects student translation production and, if so, how. Lexico-syntactic simplification is operationalised as mean sentence length, root lemma-token ratio, lexical density, and core vocabulary coverage. The results indicate that translation directionality exerts an effect on the distribution of lexical items (lemmas, lexical words, and high-frequency words) in the translations (as compared to their corresponding source texts), with there being more lexical simplification in L1>FL translation than in FL>L1 translation. They reveal, in addition, that student translation production is also impacted by constraints both at the macro level (translation experience) and at the micro level (students’ idiosyncrasies and individual source texts).
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Wierach, Peter. "Nano-Micro-Macro." In Adaptive, tolerant and efficient composite structures. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-29190-6_2.
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Davis, Philip. "Micro and Macro." In Real Voices. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-25508-5_8.
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Lorenz, Sven. "Micro to Macro." In A Companion to Ancient Epigram. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118841709.ch30.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Micro and macro text"
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Manikandan, P., Bjorn B. Larsen, Einar J. Aas, and Mohammad Areef. "A programmable BIST with macro and micro codes for embedded SRAMs." In Test Symposium (EWDTS). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ewdts.2011.6116584.
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Kazemi, Komeil, Andrei Artemev, Jianguo Zhou, and John A. Goldak. "A Macro-Micro Model of Fusion Zone Microstructure Evolution in Mn-C Low-Alloy Steel Coupled With Thermal Stress Analysis." In ASME 2015 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2015-45994.
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A macro-micro-model for microstructure evolution in the fusion zone of a l.2 Mn and 0.11 C low-alloy steel is described. The macro-model is a 3D transient thermal analysis of a welded structure that resolves the weld pool with element size greater than 1 mm and time steps greater than 1 second. The micro-model has cell size of about 1 micron and time step size of about 10 micro-seconds with a grid of about 80×80×500 cells. The micro model is positioned on the liquid-solid interface of the weld pool in the macro-model. The boundary conditions for the micro-model are mapped from the macro-model. The micro-model solves the 3D transient solute diffusion equations for Mn and C. The micro-model computes the liquid-solid interface movement with local velocities determined by local temperature, compositions of solid and liquid phases and interface curvature to predict columnar or dendritic solidification structures. As the solid cools from the melting point to room temperature, the evolution of austenite, ferrite, pearlite, bainite and martensite phases are computed. The 3D transient stress due to temperature and phase changes is computed in the micro-model as it cools from the melting temperature to room temperature. At room temperature a micro-model tensile test is run to 4% strain. The macro-stress and strain is compared to the micro-stress and strain distributions. The model is intended to be used to initialize models of fracture, fatigue and creep in weld fusion zones.
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Tsai, Jr-Hung, and Liwei Lin. "Micro-to-Macro Fluidic Interconnectors With an Integrated Polymer Sealant." In ASME 2000 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2000-1125.
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Abstract Micro-to-macro fluidic interconnectors with integrated polymer sealants have been successfully demonstrated. Two types of sealing processes, discrete and integrated, have been developed as the post fabrication processes to build interconnectors for microfluidic systems. In the demonstrating examples, capillary tubes of 320μm in outer diameter have been connected to a microfluidic system with microchannels of 100μm wide, 20μm deep and 800μm long by using Mylar (a polyester film by DuPont) as the sealant. The interconnection was completed on fluidic ports of 350μm in diameter. Both leakage and pull-out tests have been conducted to prove functionalities and to characterize performances of the interconnectors. The pressure test result indicates that no leakage is observed up to 190KPa. The pull-out test results show 100% survival rate under a 2 Newton pulling force.
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Zhao, Q., Y. Chen, and G. Ma. "Bridging the Micro and Macro Mechanical Behaviour of Granular Materials." In The HKIE Geotechnical Division 42nd Annual Seminar. AIJR Publisher, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21467/proceedings.133.23.
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Understanding the underlying physics and mechanisms responsible for the loss of stability of granular systems is crucial to the mitigation of geohazards such as landslides and earthquakes. We use a combination of in situ testing under X-ray micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and the hybrid finite and discrete element method (FDEM) to investigate the mechanical behaviours of granular materials from the microscopic to the macroscopic scales. We conduct a miniature triaxial test on a granular column sample that is imaged with X-ray micro-CT at incremental strain steps. Then, spherical harmonic (SH) analysis is performed to characterize and reconstruct the multi-scale morphological characteristics of particles, which was used to create the digital twin of the tested sample. FDEM simulation quantitatively agrees with the overall response observed in the experiment. We find that the granular material deforms plastically through spatially localized zones of large nonaffine displacements, and the spatiotemporal evolution of these zones controls the macroscopic responses of the system. Our method sheds light on bridging length scales from microscopic scale to macroscopic granular systems.
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Janardhana, Ranjith, Zeynel Guler, Fazli Akram, and Nathan Jackson. "Comparison of Mechanical Behavior of Macro and Micro-Sized Ecoflex 0030 and 0031." In ASME 2024 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1115/imece2024-144921.
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Abstract Dynamic system applications such as soft robotics, energy harvesters, smart skin, and wearable sensors, require highly stretchable elastomer materials. Ecoflex is a silicone elastomer that is increasing in demand but, the mechanical properties at the micro-scale for Micro Electronic Mechanical Systems (MEMS) are not fully understood. Ecoflex also has different formulations which have varying properties, and the material can be mixed with composites or varying ecoflex formulations to alter the mechanical properties. In this work, we illustrate the comparison of mechanical properties of micro and macro-sized samples of ecoflex 0030 and 0031 under uniaxial tensile test. Additionally, the mechanical response of the micro-sized specimens is studied by varying mixing ratios of two different formulations of ecoflex (0030 and 0031). Material properties of produced samples are investigated by subjecting samples to batch-to-batch repeatability test, cyclic loading, Mullins effect, and stress recovery test. Results demonstrate that the micro-sized samples exhibit higher stiffness in comparison to macro-sized samples. Blending ecoflex 0030 with higher a concentration of 0031 enhanced the ultimate strength and stretchability of the micro-sized sample in case of 1: 3 and 2: 3 (based on the 0030: 0031 ecoflex).
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Jia, Wenxuan, Yuen-Shan Leung, Huachao Mao, Han Xu, Chi Zhou, and Yong Chen. "Hybrid-Light-Source Stereolithography for Fabricating Macro-Objects With Micro-Textures." In ASME 2021 16th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2021-63717.
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Abstract Microscale surface structures are commonly found on macroscale bodies of natural creatures for their unique functions. However, it is difficult to fabricate such multi-scale geometry with conventional stereolithography processes that rely on either laser or digital micromirror device (DMD). More specifically, the DMD-based mask projection method displays the image of a cross-section of the part on the resin to fabricate the entire layer efficiently; however, its display resolution is limited by the building area. In comparison, the laser-based vector scanning method builds smooth features using a focused laser beam with desired beam-width resolution; however, it has less throughput for its sequential nature. In this paper, we studied the hybrid-light-source stereolithography process that integrates both optical light sources to facilitate the fabrication of macro-objects with microscale surface structures (called micro-textures in the paper). The hardware system uses a novel calibration approach that ensures pixel-level dimensional accuracy across the two light sources. The software system enables designing the distribution and density of specific microscale textures on a macro-object by generating projection images and laser toolpaths for the two integrated light sources. Several test cases were fabricated to demonstrate the capability of the developed process. A large fabrication area (76.8 mm × 80.0 mm) with 50 μm micro-features can be achieved with a high throughput.
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Wu, Zhidi, Eric Edelman, Kathleen Ritterbush, and Brian McPherson. "Quantifying the Uncertainties of Macro- and Micro-Mechanical Measurements on Sequestration Reservoir Formations." In 58th U.S. Rock Mechanics/Geomechanics Symposium. ARMA, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.56952/arma-2024-1091.
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ABSTRACT: Geomechanical properties of rocks exhibit significant variation across different measurement scales, primarily due to heterogeneity. Micro-scale geomechanical tests offer a fresh perspective, with minimal sample volume requirements, low cost, and quick measurement turnaround time. However, previous research implies significant variance and uncertainty in micro-mechanical measurements and tries to address this issue by correlating the mineral phase mapping to elastic modulus mapping; attribution, in part, is the need for standard testing procedures on rocks. The objectives of this study are: 1) quantify chemical and physical controls on micro-mechanical property and 2) determine the source of uncertainties associated with nanoindentation measurements. To reach these goals, we conducted mechanical tests on three different scales: triaxial compression test, scratch test, and nanoindentation test. We found that mineral phase weight percentage is highly correlated with nanoindentation elastic modulus distribution. Finally, we conclude that the nanoindentation test is a mineralogy and microstructure-based method. The uncertainty of the testing method is associated with overlooking the pore space. An improved testing protocol that utilizes mineral mapping and substantial and random data sampling must be developed to quantify the uncertainty of nanoindentation measurements. 1. INTRODUCTION Micro-mechanical tests are widely used to characterize the mechanical properties of rocks primarily because of lower testing costs compared to conventional mechanical testing methods, especially in highly-fractured caprocks or ultra-deep reservoir rocks (Vanorio et al., 2008; Yang et al., 2024). Micro-mechanical methods, such as nanoindentation and scratch tests, have the advantages of obtaining large statistical sampling, high precision of local measurement, flexible sample volume, and cost-effectiveness compared to conventional mechanical tests (Auvray et al., 2017; Bennett et al., 2015; Hampton et al., 2022; Khan et al., 2021; Kolawole & Ispas, 2020; Ma & Huang, 2021; Naeimipour et al., 2015; Randall et al., 2009; Sakulich & Li, 2011; Suárez-Rivera et al., 2002). Among micro-mechanical tests, nanoindentation test has gained special attention and popularity in the geomechanical field (Oliver & Pharr, 1992, 2004). Adequate studies show that the relative size of the indenter, cutter geometry, contact depth (or the loading force), and the mineral grain size are critical to determining the quality of the nanoindentation measurements(Auvray et al., 2017; Thom, 2019). The reliability of nanoindentation measurements relies on adequate statistical sampling (Kumar et al., 2012). Most recent studies on applying nanoindentation tests on shales are driven by the need for mechanical characterizations on highly fractured and poorly reserved caprocks in unconventional formations. Micro-mechanical properties measured of these rocks shows a significant range in elastic modulus, attributable to heterogeneity in shales. (Bennett et al., 2015; Charlton et al., 2021; Goral et al., 2020; Hampton et al., 2022; Kumar et al., 2012; Liu et al., 2016; Liu et al., 2021; Mighani et al., 2019; Shi et al., 2019; Shukla et al., 2013). Such heterogeneity in mineralogy and microstructure may explain variability in nanoindentation elastic modulus of up to orders of magnitude, similar to the variations observed on the field scale (Goral et al., 2020).
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Tam, Lap Mou, Hou Kuan Tam, and Afshin J. Ghajar. "Simultaneous Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop Measurements for a Horizontal Micro-Tube." In ASME/JSME 2011 8th Thermal Engineering Joint Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ajtec2011-44218.
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Heat transfer and pressure drop measurements for horizontal macro-tubes under uniform wall heat flux boundary condition have been conducted by various researchers in recent years. From their studies, it was shown that good agreements were observed in the laminar and turbulent regions. However, for the transition region, the heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics depended on various factors, such as inlet configuration, buoyancy effect, and surface roughness. In a recent study by Tam et al. (2010), they measured the heat transfer and pressure drop simultaneously for a horizontal macro-tube with and without internally micro-fins and concluded that under the heating condition, the transition Reynolds number range for heat transfer and pressure drop were completely different. The transition Reynolds number range was documented in their research in great detail. However, for horizontal micro-tubes, there is no information in the literature on the simultaneous behavior of the heat transfer and pressure drop, especially in the transition region. In order to fill in this gap, an experimental setup was built to measure the heat transfer and pressure drop simultaneously for a horizontal micro-tube under uniform wall heat flux boundary condition. Water was used as the test fluid and the test section was a stainless steel micro-tube with 1000μm diameter. For heat transfer, the results indicated that the micro-tube had an earlier start and end of transition compared to the macro-tube and, in the turbulent region, an increase in heat transfer due to the surface roughness was observed. For friction factor under isothermal condition, the micro-tube had a narrower transition range due to the roughness compared to the macro-tube. For friction factor under heating condition, the laminar data and the start of transition were different from the isothermal case, and the effect of heating was not seen on the end of transition.
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Fang, Jiwen, Zhili Long, and Lufan Zhang. "Macro-Micro Dual-Drive Stages Based on Dual Switching Condition and Local Closed Loop." In ASME 2015 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2015-53267.
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This paper presents macro-micro dual-drive stages using the hybrid actuators composed of voice coil motor (VCM) and piezoelectric actuator (PZT actuator). The macro stage driven by voice coil motor can achieve large travel range and coarse positioning. The micro stage with an embedded flexure hinges mechanism, actuated by the PZT actuator, can realize short range but high precision positioning. To gain precise performance, the dynamic modes of macro stage and micro stage are equivalent to mass-damping-spring system in this research. According to theoretical analysis, the output displacement of micro stage is proportional to the extension of the PZT Actuator. The linear relationship will be used to the motion control of micro stage. To realize perfect performance, the variable gain PID controller is designed to control the macro stage. In order to prevent saturation and damage of PZT actuator, dual switching control, positioning error threshold and small vibration displacement, are applied to the switching control. Beyond the micro stage range, the micro stage must be kept in its equilibrium position while the VCM instead reaches a long travel. The PZT actuator controller is used to compensate for position error after switching control. When the error is less than a set thres hold value, the error signal is added into the micro control loop. So the macro-micro dual-drive stages are working together to reduce the positioning error. The relationship between PZT actuator of closed loop and input voltage is linear by theoretical analysis and experiment test. So the micro stage uses an open servo loop structure, but the PZT actuator is controlled with PI controller in local closed loop in order to eliminate the nonlinear of PZT. The experimental system used in this study is single-axis dual-driving stages. Turbo PMAC PCI-Lite is the core of the whole system and executes PLC programs with motion programs. Experiments show that the steady state error of dual-drive stage is nano level. The steady state error of dual-drive stage can be improved. So dual-drive stages can increase the positioning accuracy of the whole system and the performance is superior to the single VCM stage.
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Tan, X. Gary, Andrzej J. Przekwas, and Raj K. Gupta. "Macro-Micro Biomechanics Finite Element Modeling of Brain Injury Under Concussive Loadings." In ASME 2016 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2016-66218.
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Traumatic brain injury (TBI) occurs in many blunt, ballistic and blast impact events. During trauma axons in the white matter are especially vulnerable to injury due to the rapid mechanical loading of brain. The axonal pathology leads to cytoskeletal failure and disconnection. The microtubules are one of major structural components of the cytoskeleton filamentous network. By bridging the macroscopic forces acting on the whole brain with the cellular and subcellular failure, the macro-micro computational models in both time and space can help us better understand the complex biophysics and elucidate the injury mechanism of both severe and mild TBI (concussion). At the macroscopic scale we developed the high-fidelity anatomical human body finite element model (FEM) to predict intracranial pressures and strain and strain rate fields of brain in the blast event. The macro-scale models and the coupled blast and biomechanics approach were validated against test data of shock wave interacting with a surrogate head in the shock tube. The mechanical deformation of brain tissue was mapped to the white matter tracts to obtain local axonal strain and strain rate for the micromechanical models. We developed the micromechanical FEM of myelinated axons interconnected with the oligodendrocyte by the processes, utilizing a novel beam element free of rotational degrees of freedom (DOFs). The numerical results reveal the possible mechanism of impact-induced axon injury including demyelination, breakup of processes, and axonal varicosity. We also investigate the dynamic response of microtubules bundles under traumatic loading. Different from the commonly discrete bead-spring models, a network of microtubules cross-linked with microtubule-associated-protein (MAP) tau proteins was modeled by the nonlinear beam model. Tau protein is modeled by the rate-dependent bar element for its complicated material behavior. The model considers the rupture of microtubule and the failure of tau-tau interface and tau-microtubule interface. The simulation result of the combined effects of the failure of the cross-linked architecture and elongation and bending of the bundle are possibly correlated to the axonal undulations following traumatic loading observed in the experiments. The developed macro-micro biomechanics models can be used as a starting point for modeling the neurobiology effects and guide the design of novel injury protection strategies.
Reports on the topic "Micro and macro text"
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Norcross, Richard J. One degree micro-macro manipulator integration test. National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ir.6562.
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Ghironi, Fabio. Macro Needs Micro. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w23836.
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Ali, Usman, Mamoru Kikumoto, Matteo Ciantia, and Ying Cui. Direct observation of particle kinematics in biaxial shearing test. University of Dundee, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.20933/100001233.
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Biaxial shearing tests on dual-sized, 2d particle assemblies are conducted at several confining pressures. The effect of particle angularity, an important mesoscale shape descriptor, is investigated at the macro and micro levels. Macroscopically, it is observed that assemblies composed of angular particles exhibit higher strengths and dilations. The difference observed in bulk behavior due to particle angularity can be explained reasonably by considering particle-level mechanisms. A novel 2D image analysis technique is employed to estimate particle kinematics. Particle rotation results to be a key mechanism strongly influenced by particle shape determining the overall granular behavior. Unlike circular particles, angular ones are more resistant to rotations due to stronger interlocking and consequently exhibit higher strengths.
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Oberfield, Ezra, and Devesh Raval. Micro Data and Macro Technology. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w20452.
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Buera, Francisco, Joseph Kaboski, and Robert Townsend. From Micro to Macro Development. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w28423.
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Baqaee, David, and Elisa Rubbo. Micro Propagation and Macro Aggregation. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w30538.
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Almuzara, Martín, and Víctor Sancibrián. Micro Responses to Macro Shocks. Federal Reserve Bank of New York, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.59576/sr.1090.
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We study estimation and inference in panel data regression models when the regressors of interest are macro shocks, which speaks to a large empirical literature that targets impulse responses via local projections. Our results hold under general dynamics and are uniformly valid over the degree of signal-to-noise of aggregate shocks. We show that the regression scores feature strong cross-sectional dependence and a known autocorrelation structure induced only by leads of the regressor. In general, including lags as controls and then clustering over the cross-section leads to simple, robust inference.
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Eaton, Jonathan, Samuel Kortum, and Sebastian Sotelo. International Trade: Linking Micro and Macro. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w17864.
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Mongey, Simon, and Giovanni Violante. Macro Recruiting Intensity from Micro Data. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w26231.
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Angeletos, George-Marios, and Chen Lian. Dampening General Equilibrium: From Micro to Macro. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w23379.
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