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Journal articles on the topic 'Micro and macro text'
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TOVMASYAN, Hranush. "PRESUPPOSITIONAL AND LOGICAL ARCHITECTURE OF THE TEXT." Foreign Languages in Higher Education 25, no. 2 (31) (2022): 30–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.46991/flhe/2021.25.2.030.
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The paper is an attempt to shed light on one of the most interesting issues on the crossroads of pragmatics and text linguistics – presuppositional and logical structure of the text. The relevance of this study is determined by the fact that it unveils text architecture from a new angle – its micro-/macropresuppositional content. The research outcomes allow of the following statement – the semantic structure of the text largely owes to and depends on the macro-/micro-presuppositions of the text underlying it. The paper also clarifies the differences between the notions of micro-text and macro-text on the one hand and micro-presupposition and macro-presupposition on the other as these phenomena play a crucial role in text composition and progression.
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Sultanova, Zarifa Uktamovna. "Structural-semantic description of micro and macro texts." Research and implementation 2, no. 10 (2024): 12–21. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13987206.
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This article not only gives detailed information about the issue of text which’s the major part of linguistics, but also discusses its types in modern linguistics and linguistic-cultural, structural-semantic description. The parts of the text have been analyzed pragmatically, sociolinguistically, and literary in terms of speech ethics by the help of excerpts from works of art. There’s an idea that the issue of the text is being researched as an object of linguculturalology in the introduction of the article. It is emphasized that the question of how to achieve the best analysis of the text is always controversial in modern linguistics, and that the best analysis of the text can be achieved only through the correct understanding of the relationship between deictic elements in the main part of the article. Text types can be classified differently on different grounds. The accuracy of the basis of classification and the consistent implementation of the classification have been considered to be one of the significant factors in clarifying the nature of the issue
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Gallini, Joan K., and Hiller Spires. "MACRO‐BASED, MICRO‐BASED, AND COMBINED STRATEGIES IN TEXT PROCESSING." Reading Psychology 16, no. 1 (1995): 21–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0270271950160102.
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BANAKH, T., and N. NOVOSAD. "MICRO AND MACRO FRACTALS GENERATED BY MULTI-VALUED DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS." Fractals 22, no. 04 (2014): 1450012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218348x14500121.
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Given a multi-valued function Φ : X ⊸ X on a topological space X we study the properties of its fixed fractal[Formula: see text], which is defined as the closure of the orbit Φω(*Φ) = ⋃n∈ωΦn(*Φ) of the set *Φ = {x ∈ X : x ∈ Φ(x)} of fixed points of Φ. A special attention is paid to the duality between micro-fractals and macro-fractals, which are fixed fractals [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] for a contracting compact-valued function Φ : X ⊸ X on a complete metric space X. With help of algorithms (described in this paper) we generate various images of macro-fractals which are dual to some well-known micro-fractals like the fractal cross, the Sierpiński triangle, Sierpiński carpet, the Koch curve, or the fractal snowflakes. The obtained images show that macro-fractals have a large-scale fractal structure, which becomes clearly visible after a suitable zooming.
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Serafis, Dimitris, E. Dimitris Kitis, and Argiris Archakis. "Graffiti slogans and the construction of collective identity: evidence from the anti-austerity protests in Greece." Text & Talk 38, no. 6 (2018): 775–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/text-2018-0023.
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Abstract This article examines the way that collective identity was discursively constructed during the anti-austerity protests of 28 and 29 June 2011 on the environs of the Greek Parliament. Drawing on the framework of critical discourse analysis, we study the interrelation between macro-level (dominant) values and views, and micro-level individual positions as expressed in graffiti slogans that appeared during the protests. The graffiti data comes from a personal archive which consists of 40 slogans, collected during June 2011. We conduct a systemic-functional analysis to scrutinize the transitivity structures of graffiti slogans, employing the notion of anti-language as central to the micro-level. We then draw on the notion of collective identity to frame the graffiti at the macro-level. Among our main findings is that the writers of graffiti slogans construct their collective identity on a two-fold oppositional axis: the first consists of the dominant institutions or “others,” which are negatively represented, while the second consists of a positively represented and inclusive in-group or “we.” The focus on graffiti has two manifest and interrelated goals: (a) to scrutinize the protesters’ semiotics in order to piece together their identity, thus avoiding subsequent hegemonic interpretations of the participants’ identity; and (b) to preserve the elaborate counter-reality constructed by these ephemeral messages against the official and “mainstream” discourses and their reality.
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Heath, Shirley Brice. "Commentary 2. Building the micros toward seeing the macro." Text & Talk - An Interdisciplinary Journal of Language, Discourse Communication Studies 26, no. 4-5 (2006): 627–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/text.2006.026.
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Cornish, Francis. "Micro-syntax, macro-syntax, foregrounding and backgrounding in discourse." Information Structure, Discourse Structure and Grammatical Structure 26 (November 2, 2012): 6–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/bjl.26.01cor.
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Adopting Berrendonner’s (1990, 2002) and Berrendonner et al.’s (forthcoming) distinction between “micro-syntax” and “macro-syntax”, as well as the orthogonal dichotomy between foregrounded and backgrounded discourse segments (cf. Khalil 2005), this paper aims to examine certain “non-canonical” interactions amongst these domains. In particular, it analyses instances where a potential referent is evoked within a highly presupposed, discursively backgrounded text segment, but where that referent is targeted via an “anadeictic” indexical expression and may be made into a discourse entity in its own right. This last-mentioned use is characteristic of discourse deixis, but not of anaphora as such. The paper also examines larger stretches of text, which relate to each other discursively in terms of “macro-syntax”. The overall aim is to characterise the limits of discourse-anaphoric reference as a function of the degree of backgrounding or foregrounding of the discourse units in terms of which the referent is determined and targeted.
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Tri handayani, Athanasia Reini, Sumarlam Sumarlam, and Miftah Nugroho. "A Critical Discourse Analysis of United States Presidential Election News 2020 in newyorktimes.com." International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding 10, no. 5 (2023): 278. http://dx.doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v10i5.4441.
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This research raised the problem of the ideology of one mass media, namely FoxNews.com in its news about the news of the United States Election in 2020. Study of Critical Discourse Analysis (AWK) Teun A. Van Dijk Model is used in solving this research problem. This research uses a qualitative approach. The data source is the news text published on the online news site newyorktimes.com The data collection methods used are documentation techniques, refer methods and record techniques. Data analysis methods in this study include data reducing, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. In this study found a language structure that is divided into 3 levels, namely (1) macro structure, global meaning of a text that can be observed through the theme hats the theme raised by a text; (2) superstructure, the framework of a text, such as the introduction, content, closing, and conclusions; (3) Micro structure, local meaning of a text that can be observed through the choice of words, sentences, and styles used by the text. For overall found (1) macro structure, topics or themes put forward in a news; (2) superstructure, the structure of discourse that connects the scheme or plot of a text, how the text section is composed of the news as a whole; (3) Micro structure, small parts of a text, namely sentences, propositions, classes, and parafrase. Although consisting of various elements, but these elements are a unity that is interconnected and supports each other.Keywords: macro Structure, Superstructure, Micro Structure, Van Dijk
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Suparman, NFN. "STRUKTUR WACANA BERITA POLITIK SURAT KABAR PALOPO POS." UNDAS: Jurnal Hasil Penelitian Bahasa dan Sastra 16, no. 2 (2020): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.26499/und.v16i2.2185.
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This study aims to describe the macro structure, superstructure, and micro structure of political news discourse in the Palopo Pos newspaper. This type of research is a qualitative descriptive study. The data source of this research is the political news discourse in Palopo Pos newspaper 23 and 24 February 2018. The research data are excerpts, words, clauses, phrases, sentences, and discourse contained in the political news of Palopo Pos newspaper 23 and 24 February 2018. The object of this research is the macro structure, superstructure, and micro structure of political news discourse. Data obtained by reading and note taking techniques. The results of research on the political news Palopo Pos published 23 and 24 February 2018 are divided into three structures, namely the macro structure, superstructure, and micro structure. In the research on the micro structure of news text discourse, many attitudes of journalists were found to support the Palopo Pos political news text discourse. This shows that the ideology of a journalist greatly influences the formation of a news text. Journalists disguise their alignments in the news discourse by using these elements. With the discourse strategy, journalists can implicitly or explicitly state their ideology and guide public opinion in the direction journalists expect.
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Dooley, Robert A. "Source-language versus Target-language Discourse Features in Translating the Word of God." Journal of Translation 1, no. 2 (2005): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.54395/jot-x4f8c.
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Many Bible translations, including one in Mbyá Guarani of Brazil which this article takes as a case study, use natural target-language discourse patterns on &lquo;micro-levels” (within a thematic unit and usually within a sentence or two) but source-text patterns on “macro-levels.” Questions arise: Why should such a strategy be used? Why might it work? On macro-levels, how can readers understand what is presented with source-text patterns? And on micro-levels, how can a translation claim to communicate the author’s original intent when its discourse functions—not just its forms—are radically different from those of the source text? This article explores such questions and proposes answers using concepts from such diverse areas as general cognition, text processing, genre innovation, information structure, indices of markedness and reader confidence.
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Zócalo, Yanina, and Daniel Bia. "Age- and sex-related profiles for macro, macro/micro and microvascular reactivity indexes: Association between indexes and normative data from 2609 healthy subjects (3-85 years)." PLOS ONE 16, no. 7 (2021): e0254869. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0254869.
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Vascular reactivity (VR), defined as blood vessels’ capability to actively modify the diameter and flow resistances can be non-invasively assessed analyzing vascular response to forearm occlusion. Several VR indexes can be quantified: (i) ´microvascular´, which consider variables that depend almost exclusively on changes in distal resistances, (ii)´ macrovascular´, that evaluate the changes in brachial artery (BA) diameter, adjusting for blood flow stimulus, and (iii) ´macro/micro´, whose values depend on the micro and macrovascular response without discriminating each one´s contribution. VR indexes could not be associated. Many VR indexes have been used without availability of adequate normative data (reference intervals, RIs). Aims: (1) to evaluate macro, macro/micro and micro VR indexes obtained in a cohort of healthy children, adolescents and adults, (2) to evaluate the association between VR indexes, (3) to determine the need for age and/or sex-specific RIs, and (4) to define RIs for VR indexes. Methods: Ultrasound (B-mode/Doppler) and automatic computerized analysis were used to assess BA diameter, blood flow velocity and distal resistances, at rest and in conditions of decreased and increased blood flow. Macro, macro/micro and micro VR indexes were quantified (n = 3619). RIs-subgroups were defined according to European Reference Values for Arterial Measurements Collaboration Group (n = 1688, 3–84 years) and HUNT3-Fitness Study Group (n = 2609, 3–85 years) criteria. Mean value and standard deviation equations were obtained for VR indexes. The need for age or sex-specific RIs was analyzed. Percentile curves were defined and data were compared with those obtained in other populations. Conclusion: Macro and macro/micro VR indexes showed no association (or it was very weak) with microvascular indexes. Age- and sex-related profiles and RIs for macro, macro/micro and micro VR indexes were defined in a large population of healthy subjects (3–85 y). Equations for mean, standard deviation and percentiles values (year-to-year) were included in text and spreadsheet formats.
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Abass, Salim Kadhim. "Interconnection of Orwell's Novel Animal Farm as a Micro-Universe and Our Macro-Universe." Galore International Journal of Applied Sciences and Humanities 5, no. 4 (2021): 27–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/gijash.20211006.
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George Orwell is best known for his allegorical political novel, Animal Farm (1945), written in the period of Modernism in English literature. This novel is read as an offensive on totalitarianism in general, and a political satire against Stalinism Communist totalitarianism in particular. The current paper is conducted to investigate the relationship between the micro-universe which is represented by the narrative text of Orwell's novel Animal Farm, and macro-universe which represents the reality or the real world. The main aim of this study is to determine the interconnection of the micro-universe (the narrative text), and the macro-universe (the reality) through finding a convergence between the topics and events of the narrative text and our real world. Marxist Criticism and Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) are used together as analytical approaches to investigate the selected narrative text and the historical, political, and social context in which the narrative text was written. The findings of this study points out that the narrative text of Animal Farm represents reality. This confirms the social and moral function of the committed literature which expresses human sufferings and aspirations for better conditions. The significance of the current study lies in provides better comprehension of the interconnection of the narrative text and reality as a missing feature in literature on this novel. This study contributes to literature on Orwell's novel Animal Farm particularly, and the field of the political English novels in general. Thus, this study extends the base of the researchers' knowledge in this literary area. Keywords: Micro-universe and Macro-universe, Modernism, Totalitarianism, Animal Farm.
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Pahor, Tadej, and Agnes Pisanski Peterlin. "Translating Texts: An Introductory Coursebook on Translation and Text Formation." STRIDON: Studies in Translation and Interpreting 2, no. 1 (2022): 133–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/stridon.2.1.133-136.
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Translating Texts: An Introductory Coursebook on Translation and Text Formation, a textbook intended for trainee translators in both language-specific and language-neutral translation courses, as well as for language students, provides authentic materials designed to promote text awareness. It offers students an opportunity to gain insight into a text-centered approach to translation, fostering systematic reflection on macro and- micro-textual features of selected genres.
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Smirnova, Natalia, and Theresa Lillis. "Citation in global academic knowledge making." Journal of English for Research Publication Purposes 3, no. 1 (2022): 78–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jerpp.21013.smi.
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Abstract This paper introduces a paired text history methodology to explore the citation practices of three experienced Russian scholars in philosophy, sociology, and economics. The empirical focus is on the analysis of three paired text histories, comparing Russian-medium research articles with English-medium research articles in each discipline. By analyzing the paired text histories through the use of multiple data sources – article drafts, email correspondence surrounding text production, and interviews – focusing specifically on the changes made to citations in each pair, the paper seeks to throw light on both micro and macro level knowledge production practices. At the micro level, the paper analyses changes made to citations across English and Russian-medium texts, documenting the involvement of literacy brokers, their evaluative requests about citations, and authors’ responses to such requests. At the macro level, the paper raises questions about what counts as ‘citeworthy’ in different geolinguistic contexts and considers the consequences of citation brokering and citation practices for knowledge production and circulation globally.
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Vidiadari, Irene Santika. "Relasi Gender dalam Kolom Humor “Si Palui” di Banjarmasin Post (Analisis Wacana Kritis Norman Fairclough pada Kolom Humor Si Palui di Banjarmasin Post)." ARISTO 5, no. 2 (2017): 259. http://dx.doi.org/10.24269/aristo.v/2.2016.3.
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As well as a result of cultural perception, humour can also be seen as a kind of text representing the culture of society which produces it. The humour column of “Si Palui” in Banjarmasin Post is not an exception. Reflecting the culture of the people of Banjar, the stories in Si Palui are strongly related to women and how men, as the dominant gender in Banjar culture, deal with women in daily life. Inasmuchas text is firmly connected with discourse, using Norman Fairclough’s Critical Discourse Analysis, in this paper I will see the discourse of gender relation in Si Palui on three levels—micro (text), mezzo (text producent), and macro (sociocultural). On micro level the representation is seen from the using of language. On the second level, mezzo, how women are represented is studied from the view point of the text producent, namely Banjarmasin Post. Meanwhile on the third level which is macro, the representation of women in Si Palui is comprehended from broader perspective, namely the Banjar culture which can not be separated from Islam Banjar. It is concluded from this research that: (1) On micro level men are always more dominant than women, (2) on mezzo level the sexist humor of Si Palui is strongly related to the fact that all of the writer of Si Palui are men, and (3) on macro level, the gender relation narrated on Si Palui is firmly connected with patriarchal ideology adopted by the people of Banjar, which is legitimated by Islam Banjar.
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Fritzsch, Harald, and Joan Solà. "Fundamental constants and cosmic vacuum: The micro and macro connection." Modern Physics Letters A 30, no. 22 (2015): 1540034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732315400349.
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The idea that the vacuum energy density [Formula: see text] could be time-dependent is a most reasonable one in the expanding Universe; in fact, much more reasonable than just a rigid cosmological constant for the entire cosmic history. Being [Formula: see text] dynamical, it offers a possibility to tackle the cosmological constant problem in its various facets. Furthermore, for a long time (most prominently since Dirac’s first proposal on a time variable gravitational coupling) the possibility that the fundamental “constants” of Nature are slowly drifting with the cosmic expansion has been continuously investigated. In the last two decades, and specially in recent times, mounting experimental evidence attests that this could be the case. In this paper, we consider the possibility that these two groups of facts might be intimately connected, namely that the observed acceleration of the Universe and the possible time variation of the fundamental constants are two manifestations of the same underlying dynamics. We call it: the “micro and macro connection”, and on its basis we expect that the cosmological term in Einstein’s equations, Newton’s coupling and the masses of all the particles in the Universe, both the dark matter (DM) particles and the ordinary baryons and leptons, should all drift with the cosmic expansion. Here, we discuss specific cosmological models realizing such possibility in a way that preserves the principle of covariance of general relativity (GR).
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Jian, Liu, and Wu Weisheng. "A Novel Text Classification Method Using Comprehensive Feature Weight." TELKOMNIKA Telecommunication, Computing, Electronics and Control 15, no. 1 (2017): 383–90. https://doi.org/10.12928/TELKOMNIKA.v15i1.4303.
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Currently, since the categorical distribution of short text corpus is not balanced, it is difficult to obtain accurate classification results for long text classification. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a novel method of short text classification using comprehensive feature weights. This method takes into account the situation of the samples in the positive and negative categories, as well as the category correlation of words, so as to improve the existing feature weight calculation method and obtain a new method of calculating the comprehensive feature weight. The experimental result shows that the proposed method is significantly higher than other feature-weight methods in the micro and macro average value, which shows that this method can greatly improve the accuracy and recall rate of short text classification.
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Hao, Xixuan, Wei Chen, Yibo Yan, et al. "UrbanVLP: Multi-Granularity Vision-Language Pretraining for Urban Socioeconomic Indicator Prediction." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 39, no. 27 (2025): 28061–69. https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v39i27.35024.
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Urban socioeconomic indicator prediction aims to infer various metrics related to sustainable development in diverse urban landscapes using data-driven methods. However, prevalent pretrained models, particularly those reliant on satellite imagery, face dual challenges. Firstly, concentrating solely on macro-level patterns from satellite data may introduce bias, lacking nuanced details at micro levels, such as architectural details at a place. Secondly, the text generated by the precursor work UrbanCLIP, which fully utilizes the extensive knowledge of LLMs, frequently exhibits issues such as hallucination and homogenization, resulting in a lack of reliable quality. In response to these issues, we devise a novel framework entitled UrbanVLP based on Vision-Language Pretraining. Our UrbanVLP seamlessly integrates multi-granularity information from both macro (satellite) and micro (street-view) levels, overcoming the limitations of prior pretrained models. Moreover, it introduces automatic text generation and calibration, providing a robust guarantee for producing high-quality text descriptions of urban imagery. Rigorous experiments conducted across six socioeconomic indicator prediction tasks underscore its superior performance.
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Septiana, Dwiani. "HIYANGAN WADIAN DALAM UPACARA IJAMBE PADA MASYARAKAT DAYAK MAANYAN." MABASAN 10, no. 2 (2018): 85–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.26499/mab.v10i2.86.
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The main problem of this reserach is the study of textual stucture in Hiyangan Wadian at death ceremony in Dayak Maanyan. In order to find and indentify the textual structure that build the Hiyangan Wadian in this ceremony, there are three textual sturcture by Van Dijk, such as macro structure, superstucture, and micro structure. Result of analysis on textual structure in the macro structure found that the main theme in Hiyangan kiaen tell about the journey stages to heaven that have to be passed by the spirit. The super structure of the text reveal that Hiyangan kiaen has three parts, opening part, content part and closing part. Result of analysis in the micro srtucture found that there are lexicosemantic paralelisms that reveal the words repetitions with the same meaning to emphasize that those words are important parts in the text.
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Goyal, Nihit, and Michael Howlett. "Combining internal and external evaluations within a multilevel evaluation framework: Computational text analysis of lessons from the Asian Development Bank." Evaluation 25, no. 3 (2019): 366–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1356389019827035.
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Although the literature on evaluation has theorized about the distinction between internal and external evaluation, hardly any research has compared them empirically. This article examines whether the lessons of internal evaluations differed from those of external evaluations in the case of international development aid. It analyzes internal evaluations of the Asian Development Bank for nearly 1000 sovereign interventions across 38 countries in the Asia-Pacific during 1996–2016, using computational text analysis or text mining techniques. The results show that internal evaluations focused more on micro- and meso-level characteristics, while external evaluations laid more emphasis on meso- and macro-level constructs, such as dimensions of policy and the institutional environment in the recipient country, or its level and rate of economic growth. The article concludes that internal and external evaluations can be combined to create a multilevel evaluation framework that integrates micro-, meso-, and macro-level lessons to facilitate better learning.
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Przybylska, Renata. "Sygnały metaforyczności w tekstach użytkowych – na przykładzie metaforyki sportowej." LingVaria 18, no. 1(35) (2023): 25–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.12797/lv.18.2023.35.02.
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SIGNALS OF METAPHORICITY IN APPLIED TEXTS – BASED ON THE EXAMPLE OF SPORTS METAPHORICS This article is an attempt of description and typology of the signals of metaphoricity present in applied texts. The illustrative material consists of metaphorical uses of sports vocabulary. The author suggests a division of metaphoricity signals into macro-textual and micro-textual. The macro-textual ones include the apparent clear contrast between the metaphorically used vocabulary, e.g. words related to sports, and the global topic of the text and the genre of the utterance. The micro-textual signals include indicators of metaphoricity at the level of metatext and at the level of the subject text. Metatextual signals are: the use of inverted commas, the use of the ‘so-called’ operator, the use of words such as like ‘proverbial’, ‘peculiar’, etc. Micro-textual signals in the subject language consist in changing the valence of the metaphorized word and altering its standard collocation profile. The metaphoricity signals in question only guide the interpretation of the meaning of words and expressions; they do not unequivocally determine their metaphorical meaning.
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Uysal, Alper Kürşat, Egemen Güneş Tükenmez, Nurzhan Abdirazakov, Murat Alper Başaran, and Kemal Kantarci. "A two-stage sentiment analysis approach on multilingual restaurant reviews in Almaty." International Journal of Innovative Research and Scientific Studies 8, no. 3 (2025): 395–404. https://doi.org/10.53894/ijirss.v8i3.6512.
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Sentiment classification has become one of the most widely studied areas in text classification, especially in recent years. This study presents extensive experiments in sentiment analysis, investigating the performance of seven state-of-the-art sentiment analyzers (TextBlob, VADER, AFINN, Stanza, Nlptown, Sentistrength, and Flair) in Stage 1, and an ensemble approach in Stage 2, using multilingual restaurant reviews from Almaty, Kazakhstan. The reviews, either originally written in English or translated from Russian, are analyzed across various sections, including HEAD, TEXT, and their combinations (HEAD+TEXT). The results of Stage 2 ensemble methods demonstrate clear advantages of carefully selected ensembles over individual sentiment analyzers. Specifically, the highest Micro-F1 score for English reviews was 0.733 in the TEXT section, achieved by the ensemble TextBlob+Stanza+Nlptown+Sentistrength. The highest Macro-F1 score for English reviews was 0.684, achieved by the same ensemble in the TEXT section. For Russian reviews, the highest Micro-F1 score was 0.703 in the HEAD+TEXT combination, and the highest Macro-F1 score was 0.642 in the TEXT section, both achieved by the ensemble TextBlob+Stanza+Nlptown+Sentistrength. These findings highlight that the performance of sentiment analyzers varies depending on the original language and the corresponding review section.
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Al- Radhi, Hanan, Prof Dr Ambigapathy Pandian, and Prof Dr Tengku Sepora Tengku Mehdi. "Egyptian Arab Spring in CNN's Online News Reports… Supporting Peoples or Authorities is a Matter of Policy." Journal of English Language and Literature 5, no. 2 (2016): 416–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.17722/jell.v5i2.297.
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This study aimed to explore Arab spring consequences that prevailed in Egypt after 2010-2011 as reflected by CNN in its online news article released in its website 2013. The main concern of the study is to unveil CNN's hidden ideologies towards Arab spring upheaval in Egypt investigating its discoursal ''Self'' and ''Other'' representations. To achieve this goal, the researcher utilized the following theories: 1) van Dijk's theory of Semantic Macrostructure (1980); to examine macro and micro structures of CNN's online news articles, 2) van Dijk's theory of Ideological Square (1998c); to examine CNN's ideologies embedded within its online news articles and 3) Wodak's Discourse- Historical Approach; to endorse linguistic and ideological analysis of CNN's online news article. Fairclough's three-dimensional Approach was utilized to organize the process of analysis. Within the linguistic analysis, macro and micro structures of CNN's online news articles were analyzed. At the macro level, the semantic macrostructure of CNN's text was outlined to determine its global meaning. At the micro level, the syntactic, lexical and rhetorical structures of CNN's text were examined to determine their local meaning. Within the ideological analysis, the CNN's online news text was analyzed to determine its ideological positive ''Self'' (in-group) and negative ''Other'' (out-group) presentations. The findings revealed that CNN's ideological orientations towards its positive "Self" and negative "Other" were varied as far as Egyptian conflict is concerned. Thus, it presented the Egyptian new authority as the positive identities while Muslim Brotherhood as the negative "Other'' identities.
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Putriyanti, Lina. "Structure of News Text on the Arrest of the Head of Front Pembela Islam in Online Media." Buletin Al-Turas 28, no. 1 (2022): 59–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/bat.v28i1.21582.
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The study was to find and describe the structure of the news text on the arrest of the Front Pem-bela Islam chairman in cases of violating health protocols in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic on BBC News Indonesia and Kompas.com online media. The research was a descriptive qualitative by utilizing van Dijk's model with a social cognition approach focusing on the text schemes which included macro structure, superstructure, and micro structure. The research data were the fragments of discourse of articles on online media BBC News Indonesia and Kompas.com which contained news of healt protocals violations. The re-search applied listening technique and a note-taking technique as a follow-up. To check the re-search data, triangulation and interactive analysis techniques were needed to analyze the data. This study foud out that the online media BBC News Indonesia and Kompas.com had a macro structure regarding the arrest of Rizieq Shihab for violating one of the Covid 19 health protocols, that was gathering crowds. the superstructure was found in the introduction, content, and clos-ing; the microstructure section was found in semantics (background and intent), syntax (sentence forms and pronouns), lexicon, and graphics. The study concluded that according to the Teun A van Dijk scheme, the news on Rizieq Shihab's health protocol violations during the Covid 19 pandemic of BBC News Indonesia and Kompas.com had a macro text structure, superstructure, and micro structure.
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Qin, Quande, Lan Luo, Fengjie Liao, Yongzhang Liu, Jihong Chen, and Chuan Pang. "Tracking offshore wind technological evolution through patent text mining: A macro-micro analysis framework." Ocean & Coastal Management 269 (October 2025): 107780. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2025.107780.
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Kebede, Gedefaw Abie, and Yihenew Melese Milkitie. "A Panoramic Evaluation of Literary Texts in Preparatory Students’ English Text Books." Theory and Practice in Language Studies 8, no. 8 (2018): 996. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.0808.11.
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Learning language through literature has got a great emphasis in foreign language class room since the use of literary text as a resource for teaching macro and micro skills is very popular within the field of language learning. Literary texts increase the learners’ proficiency of integrated language learning as they enable the learners to apply all macro and micro skills. Of the issues to be considered, the contents, their levels of difficulty, their diversity and the appropriateness of the tasks designed based on the contents. This study evaluated the literary texts in preparatory students English text books. Based on the objectives of the study, both qualitative and quantitative research method was employed. The result of the study indicated that the most of the literary texts are above the language competence of the students and the teachers. Teachers strongly affirmed that they have faced to understand the literary texts’ language. The literary texts are not considering the students’ cultural background since almost all of the texts are written by foreign in a foreign context. Moreover, the majority of the literary texts are not related with the unit topic of the book. Using the literary materials in language class, therefore, should take into account the students’ need, motivation, interests, cultural background and language competence.
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Mukramah and Nurhasanah Purba. "Critical Discourse Analysis Online News of Covid-19 Has Changed The World Of Education (Teun Model A. Van Dijk)." Matondang Journal 1, no. 1 (2022): 17–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.33258/matondang.v1i1.580.
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This aims of the article is to Analysis Critical Discourse Online News of Covid-19 Has Changed the World of Education. This research is a qualitative research using the method of documentation and content analysis of media texts. The result of shows that Critical discourse analysis using the Teun A. Van Dijk method of news taken from online media, namely kompas.com, regarding the Covid-19 statement has changed the world of education. The analysis is carried out on the elements of the text which are divided into macro and micro structures. Based on the analysis that has been done, it is found that discourse fulfills most of the macro and micro elements. All elements are found in this analysis.
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Nadifa, Asma, and Indayani. "ANALISIS TEKS PADA NOVEL SESUK KARYA TERE LIYE: KAJIAN ANALISIS WACANA KRITIS TEUN A. VAN DIJK." Jurnal Budaya Nusantara 7, no. 2 (2025): 105–14. https://doi.org/10.36456/jbn.vol7.no2.10196.
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This research aims to describe Teun A. Van Dijk's critical discourse analysis in the novel Sesuk by Tere Liye. This research examines critical discourse analysis theory in terms of text. This text analysis is divided into three elements, namely, macro structure (thematic), superstructure (schematic), and micro structure. The research approach used in the research is descriptive qualitative. This research method uses the critical discourse analysis method by explaining the text analysis in the novel Sesuk by Tere Liye. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach. The data in this research is information about the analysis of words, phrases, clauses, and sentences contained in the novel. The data source of this research is the novel Sesuk by Tere Liye. The results of the research in the novel Sesuk by Tere Liye are text analysis divided into several elements, namely macro structure, superstructure, and micro structure. The macro structure of the author discusses the theme of the independence of a young girl. Superstructure has several stages, namely the introduction, content, closing, and conclusion stages. One of the contents shows the nature of maturity in a child who is still young but able to do homework from morning to night. The microstructure uses semantics, syntax, stylistics, and rhetoric. Semantic elements are divided into setting, details, purpose, and presupposition. Syntax is divided into several parts, namely pronouns, coherence, and sentence form. The stylistics used is personification. Rhetoric is divided into graphics, metaphors, and expressions.
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Yu, Caofeng, Yu Wang, Zhihao Xiao, Gan Wu, Yongyong Duan, and Kun Yang. "Nonlinear characteristics of the driving model of the coaxial integrated macro–micro composite actuator." Mechanical Sciences 13, no. 2 (2022): 843–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ms-13-843-2022.
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Abstract. Nonlinearity is one of the important factors affecting the positioning accuracy of the macro–micro composite actuator. To improve the positioning accuracy of the driving model of the macro–micro composite actuator, this paper combines the research phenomenon of the nonlinear characteristics of the voice coil motor to model the nonlinear factors that affect the macro-moving part of the macro–micro composite actuator. Firstly, based on analyzing its structure and working principle, the variation law of the magnetic field intensity at the working air gap of the macro-motion part is analyzed by the finite element method, and the driving force model of the macro-motion part is established. Secondly, through the magnetic field simulation analysis, there is a magnetization phenomenon in the mover part, and the static friction model is established. Then, the experimental data are acquired and processed by building the experimental test platform of the actuator, and the variation model of the electromechanical time constant with the macro-motion displacement is established. Then, combined with the Stribeck model and the static friction model, the kinetic model of the macro-motion part is established. Finally, using the least square method identify the parameter model, the results are compared with the experiment. The results show that the magnetic field distribution at the working air gap of the macro-motion part of the macro–micro composite actuator is relatively uniform, but it is related to the macro-motion displacement and the macro-motion coil current. When the macro-motion part of the macro-micro composite actuator starts, the friction model can approximately reflect the change of friction force, the kinetic model of the macro-motion part can reflect the dynamic characteristics of the macro-motion part, and the matching degree is 92.97 %. The research results lay a theoretical and technical foundation for the development of a high-speed and large-stroke positioning controller of the macro-motion micro composite actuator.
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Khotimah, Khusnul, Ali Nuke Affandy, and Ngatma’in Ngatma’in. "SATIRE WARGANET YOUTUBE MATA NAJWA GANJAR PRANOWO BICARA GAGASAN: ANALISIS WACANA KRITIS TEUN A VAN DIJK." INDONESIA: Jurnal Pembelajaran Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia 5, no. 2 (2024): 221. http://dx.doi.org/10.59562/indonesia.v5i2.61748.
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The purpose of this research is to describe the netizen comments in Mata Najwa Ganjar Pranowo Bicara Gagasan youtube using Teun A Van Dijk's critical discourse analysis theory used in satire language. This research is a qualitative research that uses descriptive method. The data used are sentences containing satire in Mata Najwa Bicara Gagasan youtube comments with Teun A Van Dijk's critical discourse analysis theory. Based on van dijk's discourse structure, there are three text structures, namely, macro structure, super structure and micro structure. Macro structure is the main idea or summary in the text, the second super structure is a schematic structure that includes title, introduction, content, and conclusion. The third micro structure in this structure there are semantic elements that are observed, namely, setting, details, intent, and presumption. The second is syntactic elements observed coherence, sentence form, and pronouns and the third is stylistic elements observed lexicon and the fourth is rhetorical elements observed graphics, metaphors and graphs.
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Stepanov, Valentin N., and Yuliya N. Varfolomeeva. "From subjective perspective to subjective text navigation." Verhnevolzhski Philological Bulletin 2, no. 25 (2021): 64–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.20323/2499-9679-2021-2-25-64-70.
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This article considers description as a functional and semantic type of speech from the point of view of the receptive-pragmatic paradigm of research. The authors turn to pragmatic syntax in order to reconstruct the receptive space of the speech subject, their cognitive sphere based on pragmatically (connotatively) «charged» signs and to actualize the implicitly expressed meaning of the statement with their help. The methodological basis of the study is the referential analysis, which helps to reconstruct a set of initial situations (referential space), and contextual analysis, through which the pragmatic information and personal meanings belonging to the cognitive sphere of the speech subject (receptive space) are explicated. Special attention is paid to the triadic opposition «figure – micro-context – referential space» – «background – macro-context – receptive space». The conceptual triad «figure – micro-context – referential space» is related to the material world and its representations in the text, and in this respect belongs to the conceptual field of semantic syntax. On the contrary, the conceptual triad «background – macro-context – receptive space» enables to reconstruct the cognitive sphere of the speech subject and its representation in speech, in particular, the attitude of the speech subject to what they see, feel and think, how their ideas about the original (referent) situation develop, and refer to the material sphere and conceptual field of pragmatic syntax. This triadic opposition helps to consider the subjective navigation of the text as a modification of its subjective perspective. Subjective text navigation represents implicit (not clearly expressed) ways of orientation in the cognitive sphere of the speech subject and is designed to direct the reader's attention, their perception of different levels of explicitly and implicitly expressed meanings through pragmatic localizers of the speech subject's discourse intention.
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Fuadiyah, Shofyatul, Sri Wuli Fitriati, and Widhiyanto Widhiyanto. "Evaluation of Micro and Macro-level Coherence of Students Argumentative Essays in ESAWEEK Writing Competition." English Education Journal 12, no. 1 (2022): 130–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/eej.v12i1.54523.
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One of the most important aspects of writing a meaningful text is to achieve its coherence within the text. This study evaluated students' argumentative essays' micro and macro-level coherence in the ESA WEEK writing competition. This research is a qualitative study in the form of a discourse analysis approach by using the theory through the lens of micro and macro-level coherence (Thornburry, 2005). This study reveals several findings. Almost all the texts are sufficient to have good logical relations. The most frequent connections are additive and causal ties. In terms of logical relationships, the most frequent pattern in the texts was the zig-zag pattern, and the rarely used was the multiple rheme pattern. Even though all patterns were in texts, some rogue sentences were still found in each text. The keywords could represent the texts' topic or theme in almost every paragraph. It made readers guess the main issue quickly. Some writers could build a schema well, but others could not. Most of the texts organized in argumentative essays structure has Introduction-Body-Conclusion. This study can be used as a consideration to write meaningful and coherent text and references in the same field of discourse analysis.
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Dozan, Wely. "Rekonstruksi Asbabun Nuzul Sebagai Metodologi Interpretasi Teks Al-Qur’an." Nun: Jurnal Studi Alquran dan Tafsir di Nusantara 6, no. 1 (2020): 65–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.32495/nun.v6i1.126.
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The study of Asbabun Nuzul as seen by some scholars is very important to be used in interpreting the texts of the Qur’an. Mufassir scholars never separated from a historical text of the Koran. However, the use of the asbabun nuzul qur’an theory of classical clerics often only looks at the context of the fall of the verse so that among some contemporary thought try to reconstruct the asbabun nuzul qur’an theory in this present era. Specifically, interpreting the text of the Qur’an through its history by looking at several structures namely, First, Seeing asbabun nuzul qur’an macro. Second, see the asbabun nuzul qur’an micron in determining the true values of the Qur’an. The approach used in this paper is the literature study approach to find various concepts of Asbabun Nuuz theory through books, journals, and so on. the conclusion is that the asbabun nuzul al-Qur’an theory basically does not only refer to the historical context of the fall of verses in earlier times, but is contextualized with the relation between macro and micro to find meaning and values in the substance of the text of the verse
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Lema, Ratna Katharina. "Discourse Analysis toward News Texts on Fire Extinguishing Service of Kupang City in the Printed Mass Media of Timor Express." RETORIKA: Jurnal Ilmu Bahasa 4, no. 2 (2018): 181–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.22225/jr.4.2.777.181-189.
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This article examines news text on fire extinguishing of Kupang city in Timor Express to analyze its macro structure, super structure, micro structure and to describe the cognition and social context realized in it. I collected the data by taking the news texts of Timor Express purposively. Additionally I interviewed the editorial chief of the electronic mass media of the Timor Express to verify the data accuracy and to reach a deep understanding in enabling to provide details of the cognition and social contexts implicitly realised in the news text construction on fire extinguishing in the printed mass media of Timor Express. Results showed that the text structure of the Kupang City fire extinguishing service in Timor Express daily news consists of macro-structure, super-structure, and micro-structure. For the level of superstructure, in general Timor Express formulates headlines followed by leads consisting of script elements, which can be identified as: what, when, and who elements. Meanwhile, element why and how elements are in the news content (story). Macro structure is a thematic form of the Kupang city fire extinguishing service news text. The micro structure consists of semantics, syntactic, stylistic, rhetoric. In the microstructure of the news of the Kupang City fire service, the use of words that pointed to or reinforced news messages about the fire disaster that received fire services for the City of Kupang was found. In terms of social cognition, the aspect is realized in the form of journalists' mental awareness of a fire disaster that received services from the Kupang City fire service department. Timor Express journalists consider that fire is an unpredictable humanitarian disaster whose effects bring material losses in life. The social context relates to how a meaning is shared together. In accordance with the news text of the fire extinguishing service contains news of a fire accident and getting fire services from Kupang City.
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Mäs, Michael, and Dirk Helbing. "Random Deviations Improve Micro–Macro Predictions: An Empirical Test." Sociological Methods & Research 49, no. 2 (2017): 387–417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0049124117729708.
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Many sociological theories make critically different macropredictions when their microassumptions are implemented stochastically rather than deterministically. Deviations from individuals’ behavioral patterns described by microtheories can spark cascades that change macrooutcomes, even when deviations are rare and random. With two experiments, we empirically tested whether macrophenomena can be critically shaped by random deviations. Ninety-six percent of participants’ decisions were in line with a deterministic theory of bounded rationality. Despite this impressive microlevel accuracy, the deterministic model failed to predict the observed macrooutcomes. However, a stochastic version of the same microtheory largely improved macropredictions. The stochastic model also correctly predicted the conditions under which deviations mattered. Results also supported the hypothesis that nonrandom deviations can result in fundamentally different macrooutcomes than random deviations. In conclusion, we echo the warning that deterministic microtheories can be misleading. Our findings show that taking into account deviations in sociological theories can improve explanations and predictions.
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Zeng, Dan, Qing Hui Li, and Yi Cheng Wang. "Mi-Based Tencent Micro-Blog Research." Applied Mechanics and Materials 556-562 (May 2014): 5931–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.556-562.5931.
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This paper presents a dual research scheme of macro and micro to analyze the key indicators that affect user experience. Firstly, we developed an Android client on Tencent Micro-blog based on the development platform of Tencent Micro-blog. Secondly, an automated test system was developed based on the client. Then, information was got from Tencent Micro-blog's web pages based on the WebCrawler technology. Finally, the key factors that affect microblog business were analysed according to the indicators of the automated test system and the results which were gained by the WebCrawler technology. The results showed that the network environment can greatly influence the business experience, ideally, refreshing micro-blog delayed 1200ms, sending pictures delayed 1300ms, and sending text delayed 500ms;The volume of business also changed in different seasons, the business peak is from July to September and November to December. Conclusion:Tencent Micro-blog should adjust the service resources properly according to its own business characteristics and save network overhead from the perspective of the system optimization.
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Hinojosa Lee, Maria Cristina, Johan Braet, and Johan Springael. "Performance Metrics for Multilabel Emotion Classification: Comparing Micro, Macro, and Weighted F1-Scores." Applied Sciences 14, no. 21 (2024): 9863. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14219863.
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This study compares various F1-score variants—micro, macro, and weighted—to assess their performance in evaluating text-based emotion classification. Lexicon distillation is employed using the multilabel emotion-annotated datasets XED and GoEmotions. The aim of this paper is to understand when each F1-score variant is better suited for evaluating text-based multilabel emotion classification. Unigram lexicons were derived from the annotated GoEmotions and XED datasets through a binary classification approach. The distilled lexicons were then applied to the GoEmotions and XED annotated datasets to calculate their emotional content, and the results were compared. The findings highlight the behavior of each F1-score variant under different class distributions, emphasizing the importance of appropriate metric selection for reliable model performance evaluation in imbalanced multilabel datasets. Additionally, this study also investigates the effect of the aggregation of negative emotions into broader categories on said F1 metrics. The contribution of this study is to provide insights into how different F1-score variants could improve the reliability of multilabel emotion classifier evaluation, particularly in the context of class imbalance present in the case of phishing emails.
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Sari, Novi Primita, M. Faisyal Abdullah, and Agung Prasetyo N.W. "The model predict bankruptcy of bank in Indonesia: macro and micro indicators." Jurnal Ekonomi Modernisasi 16, no. 3 (2020): 154–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.21067/jem.v16i3.5038.
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This study aims to find the best model with a combination of macroeconomic variables and micro or internal variables of the bank itself to predict bankruptcy in Indonesian banks, especially state-owned banks represented by BRI Bank as the object of research. This research is a quantitative study using time series data using a regression analysis method where the selected macro and micro variables will be formed as models and tested for later analysis. There are two models used in this study, namely the Grover model and the Zmijewski model. The result of this research is to find an appropriate model to predict bankruptcy using macro and micro variables, and the best after the flow test is Grover's model. The groover model can produce a combination of macro and micro variables in accordance to investigate bankruptcy by proving that the macro variable that affects is the exchange rate, while from the micro side built by LDR, ROA, and company size.
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Rebrii, Oleksandr. "The image of a Japanese as seen by a Dutchman in the English novel and its Ukrainian translation." Journal of V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University. Series: Foreign Philology. Methods of Foreign Language Teaching, no. 99 (June 30, 2024): 81–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.26565/2786-5312-2024-99-10.
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The article deals with the problem of rendering a literary image of a foreigner in translation. The object of research is the cumulative literary image of a Japanese on the material of David Mitchell’s novel “The Thousand Autumns of Jacob De Zoet” and the subject of research is the means and strategies of its reproduction in the Ukrainian translation. The aim of the research is to conceptualize the above strategies and determine the factors that have an impact on the translator’s decision-making. In particular, the attention is drawn to the factor of ethnic stereotypes that underline the formation of a foreigner’s image in a literary discourse. The article offers a hierarchic view of a literary image as an interaction of three levels of analysis: mega-image (correlated with the idea/theme/conception of a literary piece), macro-image (literary image per se) and micro-image (linguistic and/or stylistic means of a macro-image embodiment). Correspondingly, the translator’s attention should be concentrated on equivalent rendering micro-images, but in a manner consistent with corresponding macro-images and the mega-image of the whole text. Every literary image of a foreigner is based on certain ethno-stereotypes, also known as heterostereotypes that govern the author’s selection of micro-images and consequently the whole structure of a macro-image. Three aspects of a Japanese’s macro-image were singled out: appearance; speech characteristics; traditions, customs and rituals. At the next stage, the micro-images of these aspects’ verbalization were singled out and the translator’s strategies of their re-creation were analyzed. The conclusion was made that due to the similarity in foreigners’ stereotyping by the British and Ukrainians, the translator had no need for cultural adaptations and their strategy was predominantly aimed at overcoming interlinguistic asymmetry.
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Larionov, Vladislav Dmitrievich, and Ilya Vyacheslavovich Paramonov. "Classification of Articles from Mass Media by Categories and Relevance of the Subject Area." Modeling and Analysis of Information Systems 29, no. 3 (2022): 266–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.18255/1818-1015-2022-3-266-279.
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The research is devoted to classification of news articles about P. G. Demidov Yaroslavl State University (YarSU) into 4 categories: “society”, “education”, “science and technologies”, “not relevant”.The proposed approaches are based on using the BERT neural network and methods of machine learning: SVM, Logistic Regression, K-Neighbors, Random Forest, in combination of different embedding types: Word2Vec, FastText, TF-IDF, GPT-3. Also approaches of text preprocessing are considered to achieve higher quality of the classification. The experiments showed that the SVM classifier with TF-IDF embedding and trained on full article texts with titles achieved the best result. Its micro-F-measure and macro-F-measure are 0.8214 and 0.8308 respectively. The BERT neural network trained on fragments of paragraphs with YarSU mentions, from which the first 128 words and the last 384 words were taken, showed comparable results. The resulting micro-F-measure and macro-F-measure are 0.8304 and 0.8181 respectively. Thus, using paragraphs with the target organisation mentions is enough to classify text by categories efficiently.
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Dr. Yousif Ali Omer. "An Investigation into the Translation of General Power of Attorney Texts." Journal of Education College Wasit University 59, no. 1 (2025): 531–46. https://doi.org/10.31185/eduj.vol59.iss1.4265.
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This study investigates the translation of specialized texts, with a particular focus on the legal domain, from English into Kurdish. More specifically, the English version of the General Power of Attorney genre and its Kurdish counterpart among legal texts are examined from both macro- and micro-translation analysis to identify issues that legal translators encounter while translating this text type. The macro-analysis explores certain essential aspects that help in achieving a deep understanding of this text type, emphasizing structural organization, function, and the legal and historical background of the document. On the other hand, the micro-analysis addresses specific linguistic aspects in relation to both source and target languages, including grammatical structures, terminology, and conventions. The study brings attention to the fact that differences in legal systems pose translation problems. The findings highlight the complexity of translating legal documents and stress the importance of a deep understanding of legal texts, legal systems, and the cultural contexts of both languages to provide translations that are equivalent to their original texts in terms of effectiveness.
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Pischedda, Flaminia. "The Unity of Form and Content." Laval théologique et philosophique 78, no. 3 (2023): 421–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1097882ar.
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This paper focusses on the Xici 繫辭 ([Commentary to the] Appended Sentences), also called Dazhuan 大傳 (Great Commentary), which is included in the commentarial section attached to the Zhouyi 周易 (Zhou Changes), or Yijing 易經 (Classic of Changes), a pre-imperial Chinese divination text. I provide a formal analysis of the text, exploring its argumentative and philosophical patterns : without sidestepping the composite and multi-layered nature of this test, my analysis, conducted both on a micro and macro-level, highlights how the textual structure fundamentally reflects its content. The analysis will also show how structural and lexical elements make the Xici a kind of argument-based text as the philosophical argumentations are exhausted within the text itself.
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O'Keeffe, Tadhg. "Townscape as text: the topography of social interaction in Fethard, county Tipperary, AD 1300-1700." Irish Geography 32, no. 1 (2015): 9–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.55650/igj.1999.345.
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Social order within medieval towns was simultaneously created by and reflected in the macro-scale structuring of the townscape and the micro-scale structuring of the buildings within it. Observed changes in the layout and architecture of towns through the medieval and early modern periods reflect changes in the practices of social interaction. This matter is explored in this paper in the context of Fethard. county Tipperary, where medieval fabric is exceptionally well-preserved.
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Shi, Yi, Xiaoguang Yang, Guolei Miao, and Duoqi Shi. "The setup and application of the multi-scale in-situ test system for fatigue damage analysis." MATEC Web of Conferences 165 (2018): 04005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201816504005.
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This essays aims at introducing the setup for the multi-scale in-situ test system which is applied for the fatigue crack initiation test. The setup of the experiment system is first introduced, including the image capturing system, optical path system, image acquisition and storage system and the three-axis mobile platform. Then the preparation of micro speckle and the corresponding technique for spatial adjustment are improved to realize the DIC measurement in micro scale. Finally three experiments from macro-meso scale to macro scale: fatigue initiation test, the observation of micro crack and the fatigue crack growth rate in macro scale were conducted to verify the application of the system. The test result can indicate the location of crack initiation, the crack growth rate and the evolution of displacement/strain field, etc.
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Zhang, Lan Yu, Jian Gao, and Hui Tang. "Development and Modeling of a Macro/Micro Composite Positioning System for Microelectronics Manufacturing." Key Engineering Materials 679 (February 2016): 135–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.679.135.
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A macro-micro composite positioning stage with high acceleration and high precision is presented in this paper. A linear voice coil motor (VCM) is used to generate the macro motion, and a piezoelectric (PZT) actuator is adopted to drive the micro stage to achieve a precision micro motion, while PZT actuator can also be used to compensate the position error. A high-resolution grating is integrated into the stage to establish the closed-loop feedback. To research the mechanical dynamic characteristic of the stage, the mechanical dynamic model of the macro mechanism and micro mechanism are established, which is based on the rigid-flexible mixed dynamics of mechanical system. The dynamic characteristics of macro motion and micro motion are studied in detail, which is based on the mechanical dynamic simulation of Matlab. The accuracy of the established dynamic model and the performance of the stage are tested by using the scanning laser vibrometer. Both of the simulation results and test results show that the established model can well reflect the dynamic characteristics of the macro-micro composite positioning stage. It also indicates that the developed stage can well achieve a high acceleration and high precision motion, which aims to be applied in microelectronics manufacturing.
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Gao, Wenbin, Manwen Yao, and Xi Yao. "Substantially improved energy density of SrTiO3 thin film by cyclic cooling–heating and the interfacial blocking effect." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 6, no. 26 (2018): 7101–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8tc01748d.
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From the micro level, internal defects were restored after cyclic cooling–heating. On the macro level, a blocking layer (AO) was generated between the STO film and Al electrode during the I–V test. The maximum energy density was 30.31 J cm<sup>−3</sup> after micro and macro modification.
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Dashela, Tarina, and Yeni Mustika. "An Analysis of Cohesion and Coherence in Written Text of Line Today about Wedding Kahiyang Ayu and Bobby Nasution." SALEE: Study of Applied Linguistics and English Education 2, no. 2 (2021): 192–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.35961/salee.v2i02.282.
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This research is about an analysis of cohesion and coherence in written text of line today about wedding Kahiyang Ayu and Bobby Nasution. It is aimed to analyze the term of cohesion and coherence in the following text. The descriptive analysis is used as the methodology. The data source is from Line Today. Through the text the researchers found the lexical cohesion, grammatical cohesion, and rhetorical cohesion in cohesion analysis. The text also involving the Micro-Level Coherence and Macro-Level Coherence. In conclusion, the result of analysis showed that the text is cohesive but not coherent enough.
 
 Keyword: Analysis, Coherence, Cohesion, Written Text
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Vasileva, Silviya. "Economic German in Textform Annual Report (Geschäftsbericht)." Chuzhdoezikovo Obuchenie-Foreign Language Teaching 51, no. 6 (2014): 612–26. https://doi.org/10.53656/for2024-05-06.
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The article discusses the basic theoretical propositions regarding specialized language and types of specialized economic documents. The study aims to support the teaching of specialized German language using the textual methodological principles and features of text types. Attention is paid to the specific features of specialized vocabulary such as univocality, synonymy, lack of synonymy within the framework of the text type and never outside it. The specifics of economic terminology and of macro- and micro-structures are considered. Plans for the construction of the text type under consideration are mentioned.
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Harris, Amy, Joshua Brown, and Anna Gadd. "ECHOES OF PARADISE: ANALYSING 21ST CENTURY RENDERINGS OF SOUND IN PARADISO 30." Italiano LinguaDue 16, no. 2 (2025): 802–15. https://doi.org/10.54103/2037-3597/27887.
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The article compares the outcomes of 21st century English translations of Dante’s Divine Comedy, specifically in terms of sound, by analysing the interplay of macro and micro choices made by translators. How is the sound of Paradiso 30 rendered into English as determined by the macro and micro choices in 21st century translations? Defining a corpus of five translations of Paradiso 30, each chosen for its unique English variant and distinct translation strategy, the analysis closely examines each translator’s macro and micro choices within the context of translator’s notes and introductions. This approach evinces how translators navigate the challenges of the original text with the nuances of the target language, especially in terms of sound. The results reveal a diverse range of translation losses and compensations, determined by the translator’s approach and the limitations of the English language. Overall, this research analyses the intricate choices translators make to convey sound, particularly when translating literary classics. The diversity of translation outcomes highlights the enduring appeal of Dante’s work and the continued exploration of its nuances by contemporary translators. Echi del Paradiso: analisi della resa sonora dei traduttori del XXI secolo in Paradiso 30 L'articolo confronta i risultati delle traduzioni inglesi del XXI secolo della Divina Commedia, in particolare in termini di suono, analizzando l’interazione delle scelte macro e micro operate dai traduttori. Come viene reso in inglese il suono di Paradiso 30, determinato dalle scelte macro e micro delle traduzioni del XXI secolo? Definendo un corpus di cinque traduzioni di Paradiso 30, ciascuna scelta per la sua unica variante inglese e per la sua distinta strategia di traduzione, l’analisi esamina da vicino le scelte macro e micro di ciascun traduttore nel contesto delle note traduttive e delle introduzioni. Questo approccio evidenzia come i traduttori riescano ad affrontare le sfide del testo originale con le sfumature della lingua bersaglio, soprattutto in termini di suono. I risultati rivelano una vasta gamma di perdite e compensazioni nella traduzione, determinate dall’approccio del traduttore e dai limiti della lingua inglese. Nel complesso, questa ricerca analizza le scelte che i traduttori fanno per trasmettere il suono, in particolare quando traducono i classici della letteratura. La diversità dei risultati della traduzione evidenzia il fascino duraturo dell’opera di Dante e la continua esplorazione delle sue sfumature da parte dei traduttori contemporanei.
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Fathiah Riadianti, Atikah Supiyah Ansoriyah, Wulan Nurhasanah, Rindy Antika, M. Oky Fardian Gafari, and Mustika Wati Siregar. "Analisis Wacana Kritis Teori Teun Van Dijk Pada Iklan YouTube Holisticare ID Berjudul “Jalur Pulang”." PUSTAKA: Jurnal Bahasa dan Pendidikan 4, no. 3 (2024): 08–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.56910/pustaka.v4i3.1436.
Full textAbstract:
Holisticare's advertisement entitled "Path of Home (Ramadan Short Movie)" generally tells the story of a mother and child who are eager to go home for Eid. The aim of this research is to analyze and explain the hidden meaning behind the holisticare advertisement "Jalan Pulang" using three elements, namely; macro structure, superstructure and micro structure. The method used in this research is to use an in-depth content analysis technique of an advertisement with a qualitative descriptive approach. The data used is text or speech discourse in the Holisticare ID advertisement entitled "Path to Home". Data analysis was carried out using the Van Dijk model of critical discourse analysis theory which divides discourse into three parts: macro structure, superstructure and micro structure. Data collection techniques used include: techniques for listening, taking notes and documenting data from the advertisement entitled "The Way Home".