To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Micro-politics.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Micro-politics'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Micro-politics.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Chen, Hsin-Jen. "Routines and micro-politics in a Taiwanese primary school." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.413072.
Full text
2
Holm, Tanya. ""Shut Up, Fuck Off!" : Micro-politics amongst Young Women in Beirut." Thesis, Södertörn University College, School of Gender, Culture and History, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-2124.
Full textAbstract:
People are creators of their own acts. That is a premise of this thesis. Social contexts offer action alternatives but given their individuality people, to various extents, put the set of alternatives into question, re-shape them and make them into theirs. What people do in their everyday life has political significance. The theories that frame this work focus on how people reappropriate culture and in so doing bring forth infinitesimal changes in society.
I have interviewed seven young women in Beirut who take action to get to do what they desire. Given their social conditions and individuality they find different ways around the prohibitions that they are facing. Organized independently and within networks of foremost relatives they find their ways. They negotiate with family and community, make allies and create paths to 'forbidden' spaces. They seize opportunities and increase their space for a day, night or occasion. Then they accord their life to the surrounding's restrictions – until opportunity strikes again. The women also create an imaginary space where they are ruling queens. From there they tell the surrounding to shut up and fuck off, in there they hope, smile and fall in love.
The thesis then goes on to discuss the socio-political effects of young women's spacing practices. When the women do what they desire they enter, what they claim are, forbidden spaces. Their entry appears to be a threatening force; it diminishes gaps between the 'allowed' and the 'unacceptable' and between the 'good' and 'bad' girl- and womanhood. These practices, sprung from the daily life, challenge the surrounding and young women's spacing is thereby a micro-political phenomenon with subversive potential.
3
Hardy, Mark. "Governing risk - the micro politics of control in contemporary social work." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.535676.
Full text
4
McCusker, Monique. "The politics and micro-politics of professionalization : an ethnographic study of a professional NGO and its interface with the state." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/1447.
Full text
5
Jobes, Katja Anne. "Encountering participation : the micro-politics of a community development programme in the Caribbean." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.326915.
Full text
6
Puaca, Goran. "Educational choices of the future : a sociological inquiry into micro-politics in education." Doctoral thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen för Pedagogik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-3656.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis investigates how students’ practical considerations for future choices in education and occupations correspond to policy objectives of socially productive educational choices. This is conveyed through the primary aim of analyzing the correspondence between on the one hand educational policy intentions and on the other hand students’ educational choices and the social and cultural conditions that structure them. These concerns are addressed with specific aims in four different articles. However, the following research questions have been of central guidance for framing the main issue: (1) How are economic, political and social processes brought together on a policy level for motivating and regulating individuals’ educational choices (Article I)? (2) How do students’ educational choices correspond with policy intentions and the assumptions of rational choice that the latter are founded on (Article I-II)? (3) How are students’ educational choices shaped by wants and identities (Article II-IV)? (4) What is the relationship between students’ want formation and relevant social and cultural conditions (Article II-IV)? The empirical material consisted of interviews and semi-structured questionnaires with young people in secondary education and higher education, and interviews with school staff in secondary education. Empirical inquiries were also conveyed via a semiotic content analysis on recent policy: specifically the Swedish Long-Term Surveys from 2008 and 2011. In comprehensive terms, the rationality of choices from both how choice is practiced and what is desired has been of primary interest. These concerns are addressed by the following emphases in the different investigations. In Article I the form of government that aims to shape actors’ wants and decisions in relation to productive educational choices in the Long-Term Surveys is investigated. The forms of rationality in general, and the suggested implementation of rational choices in particular, are here analyzed through a critical semiotic analysis. The result of the study lifts forward critical distinctions of ontological and epistemological assumptions in how to delineate social and economic claims for the righteousness, reasonableness and necessity of choices. Article II focuses on how students’ wants and choices are formed in a vocational (vehicle maintenance program) and a theoretical (social science program) upper secondary education. By examining students’ want-lists complemented by interviews with students and school staff the study argues that it is important to view wants in an organic totality based on individual and collective experiences. The results show a pragmatic rationality in students’ decision-making, which challenges instrumental rationality in educational choices. This is importantly about how structural support guides students’ decisions over the future under conditions of the radical uncertainty that marks decisions in open social systems. In article III the analysis of vocational and theoretical upper secondary students’ want formations are further developed in relation to their educational environment. Through analysis of interviews with students, teachers, principals and student counselors the article pays particular attention to institutional school effects and school habitus. The results showed that different forms of school habitus in the investigated programs could be empirically attributed to how students form their wants. Article IV investigates identity work via a semi-structured questionnaire and group interviews with students from a Swedish Human Resource program in higher education. What in particular was investigated was how symbolic signification of education and occupations occurred within education. The actual meaning students attributed to education rested importantly on collective sense-making. Indicated in the results is that the meaning of being a student incorporates an awareness of social status and an ability to form relatively autonomous personal projects related to social forces. The result of the thesis points to a lack of correspondence between, on the one hand, political notions of how rational and utility maximizing choices should be made based on effective matching of education and working life and, on the other hand, how young people form their paths into the future in practice through education choices. Students often make their educational choices due to a lack of better alternatives and are often uncertain about where their choices will take them in life. These results show that there is a need for concrete support in schools in order to turn students’ insecurity about the future into useful strategies for educational and occupational paths.Akademisk avhandling för filosofie doktorsexamen i sociologi vid institutionen för sociologi och arbetsvetenskap, Göteborgs universitet, som med tillstånd av samhällsvetenskapliga fakultetsnämnden läggs fram fredagen den 14 juni 2013 kl. 10.15 i sal 10, universitetsbyggnaden, Vasaparken.
7
McDoom, Omar Shahabudin. "The micro-politics of mass violence : authority, security, and opportunity in Rwanda's genocide." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.529310.
Full text
8
Pirotta, Godfrey A. "The administrative politics of a micro-state : the Maltese Public Service, 1800-1940." Thesis, University of Bath, 1991. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.292814.
Full text
9
Devine, Joseph. "One foot in each boot : the macro politics and micro sociology of NGOs in Bangladesh." Thesis, University of Bath, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.301965.
Full text
10
Shereen, Benjamin. "Student identity work and the micro/politics of 'special educational needs' in a girls' comprehensive school." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2001. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10007302/.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis is an account of an ethnographic study of the meanings and practices around what has come to be known as 'special educational needs' (SEN) in a girls' comprehensive school in London. Using a feminist post-structuralist approach, I look at how specific students, formally identified as having SEN, use these meanings and practices in the process of making sense of themselves as school students: a process I call 'identity work' . I discuss how this complex process is nuanced by multiple axes of difference, including gender/sexuality, social class, ethnicity, religion and physical appearance. I argue that the identity work of the girls and young women takes place within a policy, micropolitical and microcultural context that positions them as 'intellectually subordinated'. Current educational policy and school micropolitics work together to construct a micro/political contradiction. On the one hand, the competitive standards agenda privileges a dominant discourse of normative success based on examination results that are largely inaccessible to the participants of this research. On the other hand, the drive towards 'inclusion' appears to require other kinds of values, producing what I argue is a consolation, or deficit, discourse of success. Student microcultures, and student identity work, are produced in relation to this contradiction. This thesis suggests that current rhetoric and reforms associated with 'inclusive education' have acted to complexify, but not necessarily to ameliorate, the intellectual subordination of the 'special needs student'. I use participant observation and interviews, augmented by reflexive and interactive methods, to think with the girls and young women about their experiences of schooling, and about their understandings of themselves as school students. I also use this data, and my analysis of it, to examine the current limits of a feminist poststructural approach, and to suggest possible directions for further theoretical work.
11
Feyertag, Joseph. "Varieties and politics of skill protection : a micro level analysis of unemployment protection systems in Europe." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:c69681da-2da3-4467-985f-b644c1be6c48.
Full textAbstract:
Varieties of Capitalism theory predicts that the skill specificity of workers determines their demand for social protection. In this thesis, I test this assumption using a measure of occupational mobility between pre- and post-unemployment, which I apply to European workers in different skill groups as defined by Fleckenstein et al., (2011). Using this measure as an indicator of the portability of workers' skills, I then evaluate whether the lower marketability of human capital investments is associated with greater demand for unemployment protection. The findings demonstrate that whilst this relationship is apparent in certain countries, notably Coordinated Market Economies such as Germany, the assumptions do not apply across institutional settings. Consequently, skill specificity cannot explain variation in attitudes towards unemployment protection policies between countries.
12
Workman, Cassandra Lin. "A Critical Ethnography of Globalization in Lesotho, Africa: Syndemic Water Insecurity and the Micro-politics of Participation." Scholar Commons, 2013. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4616.
Full textAbstract:
In spite of decades-long development programs, Lesotho faces an ongoing problem of water insecurity with far- reaching individual and social impacts. The purpose of this research was to understand how women in Lesotho are impacted by the synergistic epidemics, or syndemics, of water insecurity and HIV/AIDS and how they respond to these forces. Little has been done to address how water insecurity, defined in terms of both sufficient amount and quality of water, catalyzes the syndemic impact on the people of Lesotho. Access to safe and reliable sources of water is crucial for all individuals, particularly those who have been affected by the HIV/AIDS epidemic. First, water is essential for adequate nutrition since it is required for the growing of agricultural products and for the preparation of adequate foods needed to maintain the nutritional health of those already infected with the virus. Second, food and water security is essential for the treatment of AIDS, as the complex drug regimes of anti-retroviral (ARV) medications require reliable and constant access to safe water and nutritious foods to facilitate compliance with medications.
This research was also concerned with understanding the psycho-emotional experience of water insecurity. Water insecurity constrained people's ability to effectively care for their families and, as a result, created additional work and stress. Indeed, quantitative findings revealed that there was a significant relationship between water insecurity and psycho-emotional distress, and that water insecurity predicted higher scores on the Hopkins Symptoms Checklist (HSCL-25), holding constant socio-economic variables and food insecurity. Water security is dependent on many dimensions from adequate availability, secure access, and having enough water for one's daily needs. However, worry about water safety emerged as an important focus in both the qualitative and quantitative data. Water safety was a noted stress in people's daily lives, and significantly predicted increased scores on the HSCL-25.
More broadly, this research theoretically informs critical medical anthropology and development anthropology. While this research was conducted in three villages in the Lesotho lowlands, this research must be contextualized within larger anthropological theory regarding international development and women in relation to it. This research combines several theories used in anthropology, international development, and social geography including political economy and structural violence, post-structuralism and governmentality, and theorizations about space and place to understand how women in Lesotho respond to globalization.
Despite the proliferation of the terms participation and participatory development nearly 20 years ago, these constructs remain important in international development. While the ideology of participation originally stems from activist understandings of the role of communities in development, the use of participation has become depoliticized. As opposed to grassroots mobilization and the foregrounding of local realities, participation often means little more than a method for facilitating project implementation. Furthermore, respondents routinely discussed programs coming into communities and leaving without notice or explanation. It is imperative for donor organizations to consider the ethics of sustainability when planning and implementing new programs. In terms of community programs and grassroots organizing, findings from this research indicate that there are many material and social barriers to participation. Understanding not only women's other responsibilities but also the support they may receive from family and friends is important in any discussion of community participation.
Many feminist critics of development argue that gender and class considerations have not been meaningfully addressed in policy and development programs. As global feminists argue that development aims should understand the heterogeneity of women worldwide, more research on women's perceptions of their vulnerability and their position in society is needed to inform development. Women in the global South are not passive victims and their views are important in delineating the goals and methods of development plans. Furthermore, it is important to recognize that participation may not always be in women's, or men's, best interest and that often activism and collective organizing may be more subtle than expected. In short, neither globalization nor resistance are complete power is contingent and negotiated, and thus this research reaffirms the importance of ethnography in uncovering the lived experience of globalization, or a critical ethnography of globalization.
13
Irvine, Robert Lance. "Power and conflict in primary medical care : a case study of the micro-politics of health centre practice." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/24017.
Full text
14
Duarte, Luisa Magoulas de Castro. "Um copo de mar para navegar: arte nos anos 2000 sob um ponto de vista pós-utópico." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2010. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/11548.
Full textAbstract:
Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T17:26:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
Luisa Magoulas de Castro Duarte.pdf: 13581082 bytes, checksum: f2113f824b422c785bfcad07411f746d (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2010-10-19The target of this dissertation is to gather a portion of visual arts production of the years 2000 and think it under the light of contemporary temporality, marked by the eclipse of utopias. After that, the work tries to emphasize its relations with the notions of the present, micro-politics and possibility, in contraposition to a modernity marked by the notions of future, impossible and macro. Analyzing the body of questions, the intention is to think how art reacts to a contemporary world situation, making us look at this same world in a different manner
O objetivo da dissertação é analisar uma parcela da produção em artes visuais dos anos 2000 e pensá-la à luz da temporalidade contemporânea, marcada pelo eclipse das utopias. A partir disso, buscou-se ressaltar as suas relações com as noções de presente, micro-política e possível, em contraposição a uma modernidade marcada pelas noções de futuro, utopia, impossível e macro. Ao analisar este corpo de questões se pretendeu pensar como a arte reage a uma situação de mundo contemporânea, nos fazendo olhar este mesmo mundo de maneira diferente
15
Goldade, Kathryn R. "The micro-politics of population: Generating a theoretical approach to reproductive decision-making from the intersection of anthropology, history and feminism." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/291454.
Full textAbstract:
Despite generations of demographic scholarship, the everyday social practice of reproductive decision-making remains unclear. The objective of this thesis is to generate a theoretical framework for understanding the ways in which decisions of whether, when, and how often to have children are made. An expanded Gramscian concept of hegemonic process is developed, based on a review of anthropological, historical, and feminist literatures. Following a review of the anthropology of reproduction and demographic transitions, I illustrate the theoretical gaps for which hegemony is analytically well-suited. On a macro level of analysis, there is a focus on the historical relationship between race, reproduction, and the national body politic. A Foucauldian biopower expands the analysis by incorporating the experience of the individual, reproductive body, productive desires, and disciplinary techniques. Special attention is paid to stakeholders' concerns with the national body politic, such as identity definitions and limitations on the allocation of resources.
16
Díaz, Luis Omar. "La problemática de lo ético-político en Mille plateaux." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2015. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/119634.
Full textAbstract:
The present contribution aims to clarify the ethics involved in the notionof territory, coined by Deleuze and Guattari in Mille plateaux, whose philosophical notes are taken from Spinoza’s and Nietzsche’s works. We will see that this project is sufficiently consistent and united, according to its immanent and materialistic lines. However, this ethics finds its limits, not in its internal constitution but in its tacit iden- tification with politics. Our authors conceive the existential field as crossed by political effects, therefore, all ethical acts would be, by their accounts, a political act too. And these acts will be the more perfect –more ethical and more political– the less they deal with traditional state policy. This involves reducing policy to the political, which we believe is a mistake; because, what applies to the singular-collective existence cannotcount nor compete as a substitute of the collective institutional policy.El presente artículo da cuenta de la ética asociada a la noción de territorioelaborada por Deleuze y Guattari en Mille plateaux, cuyas notas filosóficas son spino- zistas y nietzscheanas. Veremos que este proyecto es suficientemente consistente y cohesionado, de acuerdo a sus lineamientos inmanentes y materialistas. Sin embargo, esta ética encuentra su límite, no tanto en su constitución interna como en su iden- tificación tácita con la política. Nuestros autores entienden que lo existencial está traspasado por efectos políticos, luego, todo acto ético sería de suyo político, y será tanto más pleno –más ético y más político– cuanto menos tenga que ver con la política estatal tradicional. Esto implica reducir la política a lo político, lo cual creemos que es un error, pues lo que vale muy bien para la existencia singular-colectiva, no puede valer ni competir en sí mismo como substituto de la política institucional colectiva.
17
Cwifeld, Aron. "Pow-Wow kan inte frälsa hela skolan : Antirasistisk verksamhet på en grundskola." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Thematic Studies, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-2312.
Full textAbstract:
Objektet för min studie är Pow-Wow, en grupp som arbetar mot rasism och mobbning på en svensk grundskola. Syftet med uppsatsen är att genom en kvalitativ undersökning titta närmare på hur Pow-Wow, har startats, genomförts och utvecklats. Utgångspunkten är att liknande grupper som arbetar mot rasism är sällsynta i svenska skolor. Därför är det speciellt intressant att titta närmare på hur det kommer sig att Pow-Wow startades på skolan och varför verksamheten har kunnat överleva så länge.
För att kunna besvara dessa frågor har jag intervjuat skolans nuvarande rektor, skolans före detta rektor, de två lärare som arbetar med Pow-Wow och en elev som var med under Pow-Wows första år. Vid analysen av intervjuerna har jag använt mig av ett mikropolitiskt perspektiv som ser på skolan som en organisation där maktkamp och konflikter mellan olika grupper och individer ständigt pågår.
De två faktorer som i störst utsträckning påverkar Pow-Wow är dels Kajsa och Bengt, de två eldsjälarna som driver verksamheten och dels att Pow-Wow, medvetet eller omedvetet, undviker att försöka förändra skolan och därigenom undviker att hamna i konflikter.
18
Pennay, Amy. "Exploring the micro-politics of normalised drug use in the social lives of a group of young 'party drug' users in Melbourne, Australia." Thesis, Curtin University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/1942.
Full textAbstract:
Young people today live in what some scholars and commentators have defined as a 'post-modern' era, characterised by globalisation, the internet, mass media, production and consumption. Post-modernity has seen a change in the way young people live. Along with career, finance and success, young people today place greater emphasis on leisure, identity, relationships and health. There is some evidence to suggest that other factors, such as family, community and location, have become less important for young people living in the new millennium (Giddens 1991; Beck 1992).In post-modern times, there has been a significant increase in western countries in the use of 'party drugs', including ecstasy and methamphetamine, among 'ordinary' young people in social and leisure-oriented contexts. In the mid-1990s, in response to this rise in drug use, a team of UK researchers developed a theoretical framework in which they argued that the use of some illicit drugs had become 'normalised' (Parker, Aldridge et al. 1998). The proponents of the normalisation thesis suggested that drug use was no longer linked with deviant, pathological or subcultural behaviour, and had become a normal feature of the day-to-day worlds of many young people.This thesis explores the concepts of post-modernity and normalisation as they relate to the culture and practices of a group of young people in Melbourne, Australia, who called themselves the 'A-Team'. The A-Team was a social network of around 25 people who were 'typical', „mainstream‟ and 'socially included' individuals (Hammersley, Khan et al. 2002; Harling 2007), who participated in work and study, and who did not engage in any illicit activity other than drug use.I argue that theories of post-modernism and normalisation emphasise too strongly macro-level changes and do not adequately appreciate the complexity of social process and the cultural meanings negotiated within and through the practices of individuals and groups. For example, while theories of post-modernity have shed light on the way in which lives are structured at the macro level, they less adequately account for the way that young people continue to make and re-make meaning and identity from enduring social relationships and particular social contexts.In response to an increasingly globalised and disconnected world, A-Team members found continuity and stability within the group. They remained 'modern' in their adherence to their social community; however, the form of community they sought took a very post-modern form. They experimented with self-expression and identity outside the confines of traditions such as marriage, family and career, but they did not drift between groups and social spaces in their search for self. They were selective with whom and where they performed their desired identities. The A-Team practiced a form of 'differentiated' post-modernism, which presents a more complex picture of how young people are responding to macro-level social, cultural and economic changes.Throughout this thesis I describe the multiple ways in which A-Team members attempted to manage their use of alcohol and party drugs within their „normal‟ suburban lives. In particular, I highlight the ways in which they engaged with discourses of 'normal' and 'abnormal' drug use and 'acceptable' and 'unacceptable' drug use. I also describe the ways in which they engaged with discourses of moderation and excess, and the desire for both self-control and 'controlled loss of control' (Measham 2004a). These discourses arose as a consequence of a range of competing tensions that the A-Team consistently managed. These tensions included the search for bodily pleasure, identity and the desire for intimate social relationships, experiences of drug-related harm and significant critiques of specific forms of drug use from group members, and from non-drug using friends and family.In highlighting these discourses and competing tensions, I argue that although the normalisation thesis has significantly advanced understandings of young people's drug use, it does not adequately appreciate the way that young people must negotiate the 'micro-politics' of normalised drug use, a concept recently outlined by Swedish sociologist Sharon Rodner Sznitman (2008). Rodner Sznitman argued that normalisation is an ongoing process shaped by unique social and cultural micro-politics. Rodner-Sznitman suggested that young drug users engage in practices of 'assimilative normalisation' – by attempting to manage their 'deviant' or stigmatised behaviour – and 'transformational normalisation' – by attempting to resist or redefine what is considered to be 'normal' with respect to illicit drug use and drug users.I describe how A-Team members engaged in practices of assimilative normalisation by concealing their drug use from disapproving friends and family, severing ties with some non-drug using friends, repeatedly attempting to cease or reduce their drug use, drawing on notions of 'controlled' and 'moderate' use as the most acceptable form of drug use, and justifying their drug use as a temporary feature of young adulthood. I also show how some A-Team members engaged in transformational normalisation by rejecting the need for moderate or controlled forms of consumption, attempting to redefine the boundaries of socially acceptable drug-using behaviour and by offering an alternative reading of ecstasy as a drug that enables the performance of an intoxicated self.This research shows that there are many competing social and cultural forces that shape the way that young people use drugs and understand their use. It is essential that we develop a greater understanding of young people's drug use and not interpret their drug using practices through frameworks that rely on macro-level cultural and/or attitudinal shifts. Young recreational drug users face a multitude of issues when attempting to manage their drug use amidst the competing demands of relationships, sport, work, finances and career. These issues and the responses adopted by young drug users are likely to vary between groups, between cultures and between types of drug use.
19
Ehringer, Wolfgang, and Henrik Söderström. "Financial Intelligence as a Promoter of Organizational Power." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-33512.
Full textAbstract:
This article explores the role of financial intelligence in the context of intelligence studies. Reviewing relevant literature, the field of intelligence studies is divided into a public, and a private sphere, which is directly related to businesses and organizations. Consequently, this context is clarified before financial intelligence could be placed in a theoretical framework and further defined in a content-related way. The recent lack of a useful definition, that addresses several aspects, was emphasized by providing an appropriate explanation of financial intelligence. For illustration purposes, a link to the theory on organizational power (bases of power) is made to show how organizational power can be promoted by financial intelligence. Thus, financially intelligent individuals have good opportunities to increase their expert power and informational power for example. In fact, it is advantageous for both individuals and organizations. Within our line of argumentation, we assume that financial intelligence is a good source for power, because finance in general is recognized as essential for organizations and business success. In a nutshell, there are good reasons for focusing financial intelligence in future studies and in practice.
20
Roman, Leila Ferreira Moreira. "Iniciativas de promoção do desenvolvimento de micro e pequenas empresas: a perspectiva dos atores institucionais do município de Taubaté - SP." Universidade de Taubaté, 2011. http://www.bdtd.unitau.br/tedesimplificado/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=522.
Full textAbstract:
O perfil das cidades contemporâneas é cada vez mais urbano. Essas localidades mantêm sua economia estimulada e sustentada em torno dos pequenos negócios urbanos e rurais. As micro e pequenas empresas geram renda e movimentam a economia local. Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo apresentar as iniciativas que os atores institucionais da cidade de Taubaté estão realizando para a promoção das micro e pequenas empresas e na promoção do desenvolvimento local. Foi realizado levantamento documental, em revistas científicas, livros e legislação, assim como entrevistas com atores institucionais da cidade de Taubaté que representam os segmentos da educação, associativismo e governo local, a fim de identificar iniciativas de promoção das MPEs. Os resultados permitiram concluir que os pequenos e médios negócios ocupam uma posição relevante na geração de renda em todos os segmentos da população local, e são responsáveis por significativa movimentação de riquezas, além é claro de significativa oferta de trabalho. Constatou-se também significativa presença de empresas informais na cidade de Taubaté, o que torna relevante a iniciativa do governo local para ampliar e facilitar o acesso à abertura de empresas e o desenvolvimento dos produtores locais. Promover e incentivar a articulação dos atores institucionais por meio da participação em conselhos e comitê, assim como pela manutenção dos pequenos negócios, pode ser o caminho mais curto para conquistar o desenvolvimento regional, que favorece a ampliação de empregos e da renda, e fortalece a cidadania.The profile of the contemporary cities is more and more urban. this cities keep their economy stimulated and sustained by the urban and rural small business. the small business generate income and move the local economy. The goal of this research is to show the importance of the small business from local development. There was a documentary survey performed, in scientific magazines, books and legislation, as well as interviews with institutional actors from Taubaté city which represents the educational segments, associations and local governments in order to identify promotion initiatives from small business. the results allowed to conclude that the small and medium business occupy a relevant position in the income generation of all the segments of the local production, also responsible for significant handler wealth besides the significant job offers. It was also found a significant presence of informal business at Taubaté city, what makes the local government initiative relevant to amplify and make it easer for the business opening process and the development of local products, promote and encourage the articulation of the institutional performer by participating in committees as well as maintaining the small business could be the shortest way to acquire the regional development, what provides the amplification of jobs and income, and make the citizenship stronger.
21
Vinagre, Talita Alcalá. "Dançar sobre ruínas: a potência política da dança de Marta Soares." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2012. http://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/2368.
Full textAbstract:
Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T20:20:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
Talita Alcala Vinagre.pdf: 64360864 bytes, checksum: b48d4ba34266505e5270a51acfe85053 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2012-10-24Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Is there a political power in dance? The present research focuses on this question. Crossing the boundaries between body, dance and politics, however, created a demand to investigate how politics can be exerted in a variety of means. Following the compositional paths of dance artist Marta Soares was the key to situating dance in its political potency. The lines that traverse her dance practice go beyond the traditional relationship between politics and the law, institutions and contracts all of which constitute the problematic of the sovereignty. The potency of dance was then taken as an opening of the body. An opening to the multiple contaminations that drag it beyond the territories understood by the Subject. The dance of Marta Soares utilizes the tensions of the efficient body and the virtuosic movement belonging to most dance techniques in order to create a tension in the practice of political participation and democracy, practices that have become immobilized in the State. The study of the lines composing the aesthetic field of this dance artist proposes to emphasize and affirm movement no longer as dislocation of the body in space as in the traditional sense of choreography but rather to affirm movement as a means for composing art and life. Dancing appears then as a composition for new ways of life, freer and more exuberant ways that can transform the body into a passage, rather than a starting or endpoint for movement
Existe uma potência política da dança? Sobre este questionamento se desenvolve a presente pesquisa. Entrecruzar corpo, dança e política demandou, no entanto, assinalar como a política se exerce de diferentes maneiras. A aproximação aos traçados compositivos da bailarina Marta Soares propiciou situar aqui a dança em sua potência política. Algumas linhas de força que atravessam sua prática de dança foram tomadas a partir de uma relação com a política que extravasa a relação tradicional com a lei, com a instituição e com o contrato, tal como se constitui em torno do problema do Soberano. A potência da dança foi tomada como uma abertura do corpo. Abertura aos contágios múltiplos que o arrastam para fora dos territórios conhecidos pelo Sujeito. A dança de Marta Soares ao problematizar o corpo eficiente e o movimento virtuoso de algumas técnicas de dança propiciou tencionar, nesta pesquisa as práticas de participação política e democrática que se imobilizam no Estado. O estudo de algumas linhas que compõem o campo estético dessa bailarina pretende ressaltar e afirmar o movimento não mais como deslocamento do corpo no espaço como no sentido tradicional de uma coreografia -, mas, sobretudo, o movimento como maneira de compor arte e vida. Dançar sinaliza então para uma prática de corpo e de pensamento inauditas, em uma composição com novos modos de vida, mais livres e exuberantes e que fazem do corpo, mais uma passagem do que um ponto de partida ou de chegada para o movimento
22
Sühlo, Bertram. "Politik des Projektmanagements : mikropolitische Analysen zu Entscheidungsprozessen in IT-Projekten." Phd thesis, Universität Potsdam, 2008. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2008/2734/.
Full textAbstract:
In der hier vorliegenden Dissertation wurden anhand einer empirischen Fallstudie die Entscheidungs- und Aushandlungsprozesse zwischen Auftraggeber und Auftragnehmer in IT-Projekten analysiert und auf diesem Wege die Handlungszwänge des Projektmanagements beleuchtet. Damit sollte ein Beitrag zum näheren Verständnis der Eigendynamik von IT-Projekten und zur Wirkungsweise der gängigen Ansätze von Projektmanagement und QM geleistet werden.
In dieser Arbeit wurden IT-Projekte und die Empfehlungen zum Projektmanagement aus politik- und organisationstheoretischer Perspektive beleuchtet, um Effekte begrenzter Rationalität, opportunistischen Verhalten und Inkrementalismus mit berücksichtigen zu können. Theoretische Ausgangspunkte für die Untersuchung sind auf der einen Seite die mikropolitischen Ansätze und auf der anderen Seite die Agenturtheorie. Gemeinsam ist diesen Ansätzen, die Auffassung, wonach das Handeln der Akteure in ergebnisoffenen, interdependenten Handlungskonstellationen stattfindet, in denen die Auswirkungen von Entscheidungen wenig bekannt sind und die benötigten Informationen den Akteuren in unterschiedlichem Maße zur Verfügung stehen.
Bezüglich der Empfehlungen des Projektmanagements wurde auf Normen und Richtlinien sowie die Einführungs- und Praxisliteratur zum Projekt- und Qualitätsmanagement und zur Verwaltungs- und Organisationsberatung Bezug genommen.
Die Fallstudie bezieht sich auf ein Realisierungsprojekt zur Einführung eines Personalmanagementsystems in einem Ministerium und seinen nachgeordneten Behörden. Das Projekt fand im Rahmen eines umfassenden Modernisierungsprogramms nach dem NSM statt und legte erstmals einen Schwerpunkt auf das Personalmanagement. Das Vorhaben war ursprünglich in drei Phasen von jeweils einem Jahr Laufzeit geplant. Mit der Realisierung wurde ein Konsortium aus drei Firmen beauftragt. Die Studie bezieht sich auf die erste der drei Phasen der Systemeinführung, die Pilotierungsphase in drei Pilotbehörden. Diese Phase beanspruchte insgesamt zwei Jahre und acht Monate und hatte damit ein Jahr und acht Monate Verspätung vor allem wegen wechselnden Ziel- und Aufgabenstellungen durch das Ministerium und aufgrund interner Steuerungsdefizite und Entscheidungsblockaden auf beiden Seiten. Die Entwicklung einer Schnittstelle in die Personalabrechnung wurde erfolglos abgebrochen.
Hauptergebnis der Arbeit ist, dass die Anwendung von Methoden und Instrumenten, die in den Projektmanagement-Leitfäden bereitgestellt werden, stets den jeweils individuellen Interessen der Akteure unterliegen und als Bausteine der akteursspezifischen Strategien fungieren. Dabei führen insbesondere Strategien der Unsicherheitsabsorption, die auf die gegenseitige Kontrolle von Auftraggeber und Auftragnehmer hinauslaufen, zu unproduktiven, sich selbst verstärkende Blockadezyklen („Circuli vitiosi“), aus denen die Akteure nur durch Strategiewechsel ausbrechen können.
Zwischen Auftraggeber und Auftragnehmer besteht eine strukturelle Informationsasymmetrie, weil der Auftragnehmer über die fachlichen-technischen Aspekte und über den aktuellen Projektstand besser informiert ist als der Auftraggeber. Gleichzeitig besteht jedoch auch eine entgegen gesetzte Entscheidungsasymmetrie, bei der der Auftraggeber formale Entscheidungsbefugnisse an sich ziehen kann und im Konfliktfall über das größere Drohpotenzial verfügt. Diese wird durch die Rechtsform des Werkvertrags verstärkt.
Die Leitfäden des Projektmanagements werden hierbei zwar angewendet, doch die Anwendung beschränkt sich auf fachlich-operative Aspekte der Projektdurchführung, in denen die Empfehlungen einen hinreichenden Konkretisierungsgrad erreicht haben. Nur unzureichend umgesetzt werden jedoch die Empfehlungen zu politisch-strategischen Problemen, deren Anwendung entweder einen komplexen strategischen Entscheidungsprozess erfordert oder zwischen den Vertragsparteien strittig ist. Als äußerst kritisch lässt sich vor allem der Umgang mit dem Leistungsumfang im Projektverlauf bezeichnen, die von Seiten des Auftraggebers häufig im Projektverlauf verändert wird. Hier kollidiert das Gebot der Unabänderlichkeit der Leistungsbeschreibung mit den vitalen Interessen des Auftraggebers, und es zeigt sich anhand der Fallstudie, dass die vertrauensvolle Zusammenarbeit beider Vertragsparteien nötig ist, um zu eine befriedigenden Lösung zu gelangen. Gelingt dies nicht, so kann das Projekt nur mit Hilfe so genannter starker Ideologien wie dem NSM in einer Art Krisenmanagement fortgeführt werden, bedarf aber dann der strategischen Neuorientierung z.B. in Form von Personalwechsel oder Reorganisationen.
Im Fallstudienprojekt hat sich herausgestellt, dass, eine Analyse der spezifischen Akteursstrategien (Policy-Analyse) den Akteuren helfen kann, die Ausgangskonstellationen besser zu verstehen und die eigene Strategie auf ihre Konsens- oder Durchsetzungsfähigkeit hin zu justieren. Hier halten die Leitfäden zum Projektmanagement jedoch keine befriedigenden Handlungsanweisungen bereit.In the here available thesis on the basis of an empirical case study the decision making processes between clients and contractor in IT-projects were analyzed and in this way the compulsions to act of the project management were lit up. Thus a contribution should be made to the closer understanding of the self-dynamics of IT-projects and to the impact of the usual beginnings of project management and quality management. In this work IT-projects and the recommendations regarding the project management were lit up out of politics-scientifically and organization-theoretical perspective, in order to be able to consider effects of limited rationality, opportunistic behaviour and incrementalism. Theoretical starting points for the investigation are on the one side the micro-political approaches and on the other side the agency theory. These approaches have the conception in common according to which acting of the participants takes place in result-open, interdependent action constellations, in which the effects of decisions are few known and the needed information is available to the participants in different degree. Concerning the recommendations of the project management on standards and guidelines as well as the introduction and practice literature to the project and quality management and for the administrative and system information purchase was taken. The case study refers to a realization project for the introduction of a personnel management system in a Ministry and its subordinate authorities. The project took place in the context of a comprehensive modernization program according to the New Public Management and put for the first time an emphasis on the personnel management. The project was originally planned by in three phases in each case one year running time. The realization a consortium of three companies was assigned. The study refers to first of the three phases of the system introduction, the pilot phase with three pilot authorities. This phase lasted altogether two years and eight months and had thereby one year and eight months delay particularly because of changing a setting of tasks and goal by the Ministry and due to internal control deficits and decision blockades on both sides. The development of an interface into the personnel account was unsuccessfully cancelled. Main result of the work is that the use of methods and instruments, which are made available in the project management manuals, are always subject to the individual interests of the participants and the participant-specific strategies. Thereby particular strategies of the uncertainty absorption, which come down to mutual control of client and contractor, lead to unproductive, intensifying blockade cycles („Circuli vitiosi “), of which the participants can break out only by changes of strategy. Between clients and contractors a structural information asymmetry exists, because the contractor is better informed about the technical-technical aspects and about the current project conditions than the client. At the same time however also a contrarious decision asymmetry exists, with that the client can accroach formal powers of decision making and has the larger threat potential available in the conflict situation. This is strengthened by the legal form of the fixed price contract. The manuals of the project management are here used, but application is limited to technical-operational aspects of the implementation of the project, in which the recommendations achieved a sufficient concretisation degree. However the recommendations are only insufficiently applied regarding politico strategic problems, whose application either require a complex strategic decision-making process or is contentious between the Contracting Parties. Extremely critical is above all designated the handling of the scope definition within the project course, which is changed by the client frequently in the course of the project. Here the requirement of the unalterability of the performance specification collides with the vital interests of the client, and it shows up on the basis the case study that the trusting co-operation of both Contracting Parties is necessary, in order to arrive at a satisfying solution. If this does not succeed, then the project can be continued only with the help of strong ideologies such as the New Public Management in a kind of crisis management, it requires however then the strategic re-orientation e.g. in the form of personnel change or reorganizations. In the case study project it turned out that, an analysis of the specific participant strategies (Policy analysis) can help the participants to understand the output constellations better and to adjust the own strategy on its penetration ability or consent. Here the manuals hold no satisfying procedural instructions ready to the project management however.
23
Brüde, Sundin Josefin. "En riktig rektor : Om ledarskap, genus och skolkulturer." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Avdelningen för didaktik och forskning om pedagogiskt arbete (DIPA), 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-11601.
Full textAbstract:
The overall aim of the study is to show, from an ethnographic point of view, the what, why and how of events in the daily life of the principals studied. The ambition is to try to understand the meaning of being a principal and the complex situation in which they op-erate. Some questions raised are: What do the principals’ working days look like? What constitutes the foundations of school leadership? What characterizes the context (the cul-tures) in which they work? Has gender any significance for school leadership? Earlier knowledge about leadership is mainly based on studies of male leaders, and or-ganizations are often considered as gender neutral. These circumstances make it urgent to study leadership from a gender perspective. Using an explorative, ethnographic approach with participant observations and recorded interviews seven principals were studied. Most of the data was collected during one and a half years of fieldwork, where the work of one female principal was observed. The result shows that leadership is a complex phenomenon. Relationships are seen as an essential aspect, and most of the daily work is accomplished through meetings and conver-sations with other people. The study illuminates how “a real principal” is constructed through relationships between many different individuals and groups. In this variety of sub-cultures different values and norms of behaviour are found. Schools can thus be regarded as multicultural organizations. Daily the principal has to try to understand, be aware of, and handle this cultural diversity. Partly as a consequence of this, emotions are constantly pre-sent in principals’ daily work. Principals have to deal with their own feelings as well as those of others. Contours of a gender contract are outlined, where cultural understandings of women and men become evident, and which the principals have to relate to.
24
Fultz, Angela S. "Perspectives on Collaboration of Elementary Classroom Teachers and ESL Teachers." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1589995530090615.
Full text
25
Sundfeld, Ana Cristina. "Apoio como dispositivo: conexões, invenções e provocações à produção coletiva do cuidado e da gestão no município de São Bernardo do Campo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6135/tde-03052016-133548/.
Full textAbstract:
A transformação nos modos de organizar e produzir atenção em saúde exige a invenção de dispositivos com potência para proporcionar espaços coletivos de análise acerca da produção da gestão e do cuidado. O apoio é tecido por múltiplas relações, interesses, projetos e agenciamentos. Fabricado no encontro, é um intercessor que pode favorecer reflexões sobre a micropolítica do trabalho, sobre os encontros entre trabalhadores e usuários, entre trabalhadores e entre trabalhadores e gestão, agenciando possibilidades de análise do cotidiano e interferências sobre os modos de cuidar e de gerir. As interrogações sobre o cuidado podem abrir zonas de visibilidade aos processos de trabalho, discursos, práticas e relações de poder. A pesquisa procurou analisar o processo de fabricação do apoio na rede de atenção à saúde no município de São Bernardo do Campo e seus efeitos. O município organizou nove núcleos territoriais em saúde, cada qual com um grupo de até cinco apoiadores constituído por trabalhadores com formações variadas. Ademais, conta com uma dupla de facilitadores de educação permanente, ligados à gestão nos diferentes departamentos da Secretaria de Saúde e orientadores de educação permanente que tem a função de dar suporte aos apoiadores e facilitar os processos de educação permanente nos territórios. No desenho de São Bernardo, o apoio é uma ferramenta estratégica para a construção do cuidado em rede e para a análise das práticas de saúde. Há uma forte aposta da gestão na criação de espaços coletivos e dispositivos de conexão entre os departamentos, serviços, gestores e trabalhadores na intenção de suscitar transversalidade e combater a estrutura vertical de sua organização. O município vive uma intensa criação de dispositivos mobilizadores de encontros, propostos para a construção de redes e de gestão compartilhada do cuidado. Por meio de andanças com os apoiadores em variados territórios, conversas, afecções, registros em diário de campo, narrativas e documentos, tecemos uma cartografia: composição de cenários, de perspectivas e de analisadores, sentidos abertos, múltiplos e conectáveis. A abordagem cartográfica acompanha processos, persegue rastros e traçados, se movimenta entre linhas, sustenta problemáticas; nela, somos pesquisadores in-mundos, nos infectamos, nos misturamos, sempre implicados e em produção com os mundos pesquisados. Mesmo sendo uma aposta de governo, tensionamentos e conflitos acontecem no cotidiano, relacionados a diferentes prioridades, agendas, quebra de acordos, interrupção de projetos. As produções do apoio vêm fomentando conexões entre os serviços, contribuindo com o matriciamento de saúde mental e de outras especialidades na atenção básica e entre os trabalhadores da atenção especializada, fortalecendo redes, estimulando análises coletivas sobre o cuidado, criando estratégias e ferramentas, transformações em fluxos e na regulação. O apoio não é função somente do apoiador, pode ser agenciado por variados atores. Por fim, a auto-análise, quando acontece, potencializa o apoio como dispositivo, provisório, ativador de processos e de protagonismo coletivo.The transformation in the ways to organize and produce attention in health requires the invention of devices with power to provide collective spaces of analysis about the production of management and care. The support is produced through multiple relations, interests, projects and movements. Produced in the encounter, support is an intercessor who can favor reflections on the micro-politics of work, on the relations between workers and users, between workers and between workers and managers, favoring analytic movements of the quotidian and interference on the ways of caring and manage. The questions regarding the care can open areas of visibility to the work processes, speeches, practices and power relations. The research tried to analyze the process of support production in the health care system in the municipality of São Bernardo do Campo and its effects. The municipality has organized nine territorial cores in health, each with a group of up to five supporters composed by professionals with different formations. In addition, there are facilitators of permanent education, linked to management in different departments of the Secretariat of Health and advisors of permanent education that have the function to give support to the supporters and facilitate the permanent education processes in the territories. In the St Bernard arrangements, support is a strategic tool for the construction of care in the health services system and for the analysis of health practices. There is a strong commitment of management in the creation of collective spaces and connecting devices between the departments, services, managers and workers, intending to arouse transversality and combat the vertical structure of the organization. The city lives an intense creation of living devices for encounters, construction of networks and of shared care management. By means of the supporters movements in different territories, conversations, affections, records in the field diary, narratives and documents, a cartography has been produced: composition of scenarios, perspectives and analyzers, senses open, multiple and connectable. The cartographic approach accompanies processes, persecutes tracks and traces, moves between lines, sustains problematic; in it, we are researchers in-worlds, always involved and in deep touch and interaction with the worlds researched. Although produced through an official proposal, disputes and conflicts take place in daily life, related to different priorities, schedules, disagreements, interruption of projects. The production of the support foster connections between the services, contributing with the shared care in mental health and other specialties, collaboration between primary care and specialized care workers, strengthening networks, stimulating collective analyzes about care, creating strategies and tools, transformations in flows and in the regulation. The support is not only a role for the supporters, but a role played different actors. Finally, an auto analysis is a constitutive dimension of support, as critical exercise fundamental for its operation, always in movement, transitory, activator of processes and collective protagonism.
26
Moug, Peter. "Understanding democratic engagement at the micro-level : communication, participation and representation." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/2621.
Full textAbstract:
Theoretical and ‘real world’ research into democratic engagment concentrates on larger-scale contexts. There is an accompanying tendency to focus on participation, neglecting other aspects of engagement. The thesis rethinks the notion of democratic engagement by dividing it into three analytically distinct, but interwoven, aspects namely communication, participation and representation, and drawing attention to small-scale or micro-level contexts. Understanding the communicative, participative and representative aspects of engagment in micro-level settings favours a case study approach and a research strategy designed to capture the minutiae of experiences of engagement. ‘Mossbank’, a neighbourhood in a small-to-medium sized Scottish town, has been chosen as an appropriate case. Mossbank is undergoing a physical and social regeneration initiative that has created new sites of democratic activity centred on Mossbank-related issues. It is also a setting where democratic engagement is likely to be constrained. A flexible mixed methods approach to data collection has been adopted using questionnaires, interviews, documentary analysis and non-participative observation, enabling the generation of ‘rich’ and ‘thick’ data. A theoretically informed analytical framework is used to explore the different aspects of democratic engagement in Mossbank. Here, Iris Marion Young’s theorising on communication in deliberative settings has been particularly influential. Democratic engagement in Mossbank is dominated and constrained by formal, familiar and broadly conventional institutions, processes and roles ‘imported’ from established larger-scale democratic settings. Less visible, context-specific factors also have an influence. ‘Messy’ practices and asymmetry affect the ‘quality’ of communication. Participation in democratic processes has its own particular constraining characteristics related to individual motivations and abilities to ‘fit in’ and ‘succeed’ within pre-existing processes. Representation in Mossbank is distant and sporadic, culminating in the evolution of an increasingly brokered approach to the relationship, administered by an intermediary. The thesis contributes to ‘empirical’ debates relating to the scope and nature of democratic engagement. This is especially relevant given the continued growth and development of micro-level democratic institutions and processes in developed democracies. The thesis also contributes to debates concerning the nature and extent of the ‘dialogue’ between normative ideals of democracy and engagement, and research into ‘real world’ democratic engagement.
27
Ramos, Luciane Silva. "ENTRE FIOS E DOBRAS: O TECER DA REFORMA PSIQUIÁTRICA NO MUNICÍPIO DE SANTA MARIA/RS." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2009. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/7323.
Full textAbstract:
This master degree dissertation on nursery aimed to understand how the work is organized, in particular, the relations and the interaction in the Committee of
Mental Health in Santa Maria, searching for evidences in acting as an intersection space in the consolidation of the psychiatric reform in Santa Maria. Such option
occurred because the researcher took part actively in the process of implementation of the Mental Health Committee, representing the managers in the city, from the
reality of services on mental health and from the need of (re)view the organization of the assistance in the city net. Thus, it is necessary to look over the micro politics in the process of the psychiatric reform I nth context of the Unique Health System (SUS, in Portuguese), in Santa Maria, aiming to perceive what happens over there, in
the perspective of making this a space of the Committee of Mental Health, an intersection space, indicating a instituting relation. The theoretical fundaments are
based on Merhy s reference, among other authors. The study approach was qualitative, like a case study, using the techniques of document analysis, systematic observation and focus group, adding up to 11 (eleven) people composing the Committee of Mental Health. The collected material was analyzed in accordance with, with the construction of four theme axis. Along with the results, it was identified
that, since its creation, the Committee of Mental Health has become an important space of constant discussion among the services of mental health and, mainly, of the
health units. It is pointed out that, from the Committee of Mental Health, the actions on the articulation between mental health and basic assistance actually started, by
means of Mental Health in discussion , which originated the Assistance on Mental Health for the Basic Health Assistance . Therefore, collective spaces are chosen, like
the Committee of Mental Health, because are concrete spaces, in time and space, directed for communication, for listening and for the circulation of information about
desire, interest and aspects of reality as well as for the decision making, trying to make possible new instituting ways.Esta dissertação de mestrado em enfermagem teve como objetivo compreender como se organiza o trabalho, em particular as relações e interações na Comissão de Saúde Mental de Santa Maria, buscando evidências de atuação como espaço intersseçor na consolidação da Reforma Psiquiátrica, no município. Tal escolha deveu-se ao fato de a pesquisadora ter participado ativamente do processo de implantação da Comissão de Saúde Mental, representando a gestão na esfera municipal, partindo da realidade dos serviços de saúde mental e da necessidade de (re)visitar a organização da rede municipal de atenção à saúde. Assim, se fez necessário olhar a micropolítica do processo da Reforma Psiquiátrica no contexto do Sistema Único de Saúde - SUS, no município, procurando perceber o que ali acontece, na perspectiva de ser este o espaço da Comissão de Saúde Mental, um espaço intersseçor, indicador de uma relação instituinte. A fundamentação teórica está alicerçada no referencial de Merhy, dentre outros autores. A abordagem do estudo foi qualitativa, do tipo Estudo de Caso, utilizando-se as técnicas de análise documental, observação sistemática e grupo focal, com a totalidade dos sujeitos que compõem a Comissão de Saúde Mental, ou seja, 11 participantes. O material coletado foi analisado com base em Bardin, com a construção de quatro eixos temáticos. Como resultados, identificou-se que, desde a sua criação, a CSM configura-se como um importante espaço de interlocução constante entre os serviços de saúde mental e, principalmente, as unidades de saúde. Ressalta-se que foi a partir da CSM que se iniciaram as ações de articulação entre a Saúde Mental e a Atenção Básica, por meio da Saúde Mental na Roda , que deu origem às Assessorias em Saúde Mental para Rede de Atenção Básica . Logo, aposta-se em espaços coletivos, como os da CSM, por configurarem-se como espaços concretos, de lugar e tempo, destinados à comunicação, à escuta, à circulação de informações sobre desejos, interesses e aspectos da realidade, assim como de elaboração e tomada de decisão, buscando e possibilitando novos caminhos instituintes.
28
AraÃjo, FlÃvia Telis de Vilela. "PolÃticas de apoio Ãs micro e pequenas empresas do Brasil e do CearÃ: o caso do Simples." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2004. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=1501.
Full textAbstract:
nÃo hÃEsta DissertaÃÃo analisa as polÃticas pÃblicas, instituÃdas no Brasil, de apoio Ãs micro e pequenas empresas (MPEÂs), em especial o Sistema Integrado de Pagamento de Impostos e ContribuiÃÃes das Microempresas e das Empresas de Pequeno Porte â SIMPLES; alÃm disso, analisa-se a importÃncia das micro e pequenas empresas no Brasil, no Nordeste e no CearÃ, no que se refere à geraÃÃo de firmas e de postos de trabalho. A participaÃÃo dessas empresas no nÃmero de empregos e de estabelecimentos no PaÃs, em 2000, era de 46 % e 99 %, respectivamente. InstituÃdo pelo Governo Federal em 1996 (Lei n 9.317), o SIMPLES reduz a carga tributÃria e simplifica a declaraÃÃo das micro e pequenas empresas. O perÃodo de anÃlise situa-se entre 1990 e 2000, sendo a principal base de dados a RAIS e a SRF. Os resultados indicam a efetiva reduÃÃo da carga tributÃria e o efeito no crescimento do nÃmero de firmas e de empregados. A anÃlise aborda ainda a relaÃÃo entre as esferas de Governos Federal, Estaduais e Municipais, e suas implicaÃÃes para um maior impacto do SIMPLES, quando da adoÃÃo de polÃticas locais de fomento Ãs micro e pequenas empresas, por parte dos Estados e MunicÃpios, a exemplo do Estado do CearÃ, com o Programa Cearà Empreendedor.
This Dissertation analyzes the brazilian public policies designed to give support and incentive to the small enterprises, and in particular the Integreted System of Fiscal Incentives to the Small Scare Enterprises â SIMPLES. Adittionaly it also analyses their importance concerning the creation of job opportunities and enterprises. The analysis covers Brazil, the Northeast and the state of CearÃ, in the 1990-2000 period. Data were mainly collected from RAIS and SRF. The small enterprises relative share in the total number of employment and establishments in Brazil was 46 and 99% respectively in the year 2000. Public policies to support and give incentive to those enterprises, in particular the program SIMPLES, are also analyzed. This program was created by the Federal Government in 1996 (Law n 9.317). Its main objective is to simplify the fiscal and administrative procedures as also to reduce the fiscal burden incident on that group of businesses. The analysis shows the effectiveness of the SIMPLES, in relation to simplifying the administrative procedures and reducing the fiscal burden on the MPEÂs. As a result, this group of business enterprises increased its relative share of job placements and of their number of establishments. Both the relations between the different levels of government and the acceptance of the SIMPLES by states and local governments is also discussed. Finally, the experience of some states in the area of incentive to the MPEÂs like the program Cearà Empreendedor is considered.
29
Oliveira, Almir Ferraz de. "MICRO E PEQUENA EMPRESA: A EDUCAÇÃO COMO PRÁTICA DA LIBERDADE." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, 2005. http://localhost:8080/tede/handle/tede/1156.
Full textAbstract:
Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-27T13:53:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
ALMIR FERRAZ DE OLIVEIRA.pdf: 528767 bytes, checksum: e72492be795f186c362065de5c4c2e48 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2005-12-15The present paper has as general objective to describe the experience of the Project of Metropolis, fruit of partnership between the Service of Support to the Micron and Small Companies of Goiás - Sebrae and the Goiana Association of the Micron and Small Enterprise - GAMSE. The Sebrae proposed to mediate a contradictory pedagogical process of politics formation and class conscience that create and move citizens sociably, considering, a technique formation of workers in the perspective of labor productivity increase. The hypothesis that comes confirming is that, more than weights the transnational capitalism stratagem presents, more such experience takes position of important space of politics amplification in the perspective of the State and society democratization. The social relevance of the subject meets in the high decimation index of the formal companies, esteemed in fifty percent in the two first years of performance. To understand which existent enterprise educative processes and the contradictions between offer and the entrepreneurs access were object of the present inquiry, that consisted on the following primordial idea: description of entrepreneur concepts of micron and small enterprises, the consequences of the neo-liberal State and the productive reorganization in the small and micron company formation, the Project Metropolis and the Sebrae function, in which the actions of public politics are based on. For getting the subject of this study, a theoretical referential contributions of Enguita (1989), Marx (1975), Montaño (1999), Freire (1977) have been used. As investigation trajectory was adopted the dialect materialism method. According to the point of view of boarding object form the research is qualitative. Bibliographical research was carried through and the study of case was developed. The guideline categories of this paper had been: education, small enterprise, public politics, entrepreneur of micron and small companies.
O presente trabalho tem como objetivo geral descrever a experiência do Projeto Metrópole, fruto da parceria entre o Serviço de Apoio às Micro e Pequenas Empresas de Goiás Sebrae e a Associação Goiana da Micro e Pequena Empresa AGPE. O Sebrae se propõe a mediar um processo pedagógico contraditório de formação política de consciência de classe que cria e move sujeitos sociais, propondo, uma formação técnica dos trabalhadores na perspectiva do aumento da produtividade do trabalho. A hipótese que vem se confirmando é a de que, em que pese o ardil do capitalismo transnacional, tal experiência significa um importante espaço de ampliação da política na perspectiva da democratização do Estado e da sociedade. A relevância social do tema encontra-se no alto índice de mortalidade das empresas formais, estimado em cinqüenta por cento nos dois primeiros anos de vida. Compreender quais processos educativos empresariais existem e as contradições entre a oferta e o acesso pelos empreendedores foi objeto da presente investigação, que constou do seguinte: descrição do conceito de empresário de micro e pequena empresa, os reflexos do Estado neoliberal e da reestruturação produtiva na formatação das micro e pequenas empresas, o Projeto Metrópole, o papel do Sebrae e qual política pública fundamenta sua ação. Para o estudo do assunto, foram utilizados como referenciais teóricos as contribuições de Enguita (1989), Marx (1975), Montaño (1999), Freire (1977). Foi adotado como trajetória de investigação o método do materialismo dialético. Do ponto de vista da forma de abordagem do objeto, a pesquisa é qualitativa. Foi realizada pesquisa bibliográfica e desenvolveu-se o estudo de caso. As categorias norteadoras deste trabalho foram: educação, pequeno empreendimento, políticas públicas, empreendedor de micro e pequena empresa.
30
Gislen, Mikael. "Dysfunctional aspects of Software Development : An analysis of how lip-service, deception and organisational politics may side-track the result of well-intended methodologies." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Sektionen för datavetenskap och kommunikation, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-5445.
Full textAbstract:
This paper tries to identify and understand the human social obstacles for developing quality software. These include lip-service, cutting corners, deception and effects of internal politics. These obstacles can undermine the good intentions behind the software methodologies. The paper draws from the literature in different disciplines and uses an ethnographic research methodology to create a rich picture of the concerning aspects in the framework of one software development company in India. What stands out among the findings are that internal audits has mainly focused on finding errors in documentation procedures but study of the actual practices has often been shallow. In addition the understanding of business risks by the internal auditors have often been weak. Context. The human based obstacles affecting Software Development Methodology analysed in the context of an ISO 9000 quality system in an Indian Software Development company working mainly with Swedish companies. Objectives. Identifying and increasing the understanding of intrinsic negative social aspects such as lip service, cheating and politics which are affecting the results of Software Development Methodologies and if possible suggest some means to mitigate them. In particular to create a deeper understanding of why people cheat and pay lip service to methodologies and to try to understand the political aspects of methodology and quality systems. There are other positive social aspects, but they are not considered since the objective is about understanding the negative aspects and possibly mitigate them. Methods. Ethnographic research using analysis of ISO 9000 and design artefacts, semi-structured interviews, participation in internal audits, Results. Most focus in audits was on documentation and very less focus on underlying methodologies, some indications of lip-service to process and processes were also mainly managed on a higher level in the organization while the understanding and practices were less well established on lower level. It was hard to get a grip on the internal political aspects since the perception of the subject in the informants view was that it is mainly malicious and therefore embarrassing to speak about. Some conflicts between internal quality goals and customers’ needs were also identified. Conclusions. An ethnographic research methodology gives a rich picture. The analysis gives deeper understanding of the problem areas, but not necessary solutions. The author suggests that at the heart of the problem is a difference in world view. Software professionals generally tend to resolve [technical] problems using a reductionist approach, while these intricate challenges cannot easily be resolved by this approach. A more holistic systemic approach is required and while the software methodology is useful to structure the development it does not resolve these dysfunctions. They have to be resolved on another level. It was also found that further studies is required in particular to better understand Internal politics, the effect of Positive and Negative Incentives, the effect of software metrics on quality performance and subjectivity in customers’ perception and expectation.Uppsatsen försöker förstå mänskliga sociala hinder för att utveckla programvara med hög kvalitet. Dessa hinder inkluderar "läpparnas bekännelser", ta genvägar, vilseleda och internpolitik. Sådana hinder kan underminera utvecklingsmetoder. Denna uppsats bygger på literatur från olika discipliner och använder etnografisk forskningsmetodik för att skapa en rik bild av dessa oroande aspekter inom ramen för ett IT-företag i Indien. Vad står ut är att intern kvalitetsrevision fokuserar för mycket på att finna fel i dokumentationsprocesser medan revision av hur utvecklingsarbetet faktiskt sker har varit för ytligt. Dessutom har de interna revisorernas förståelse av affärsrisker varit svag.
31
Chappell, Neil. "Doing community safety by locality working : regime theory and micro-climates of crime and disorder co-governance." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/5280.
Full textAbstract:
The co-governance of crime and disorder and the involvement of the public within quasi-deliberative consultations of participatory forums to this end has been the subject of significant bodies of research (Clarke et al, 2007, Barnes, Newman and Sullivan: 2007). Such forums were applied to the micro-level of the neighbourhood during New Labour’s tenure in office in an attempt to reduce crime and disorder and to improve the responsiveness of service delivery. This has created situations whereby the governance of communities has been shifted to the micro-level of the neighbourhood (Stoker: 2004). Hughes and Edwards (2005) have proposed examining these micro-climates of crime and disorder co-governance in attempts to understand the importance of contextual factors in structuring of forms of community safety. My research utilises grounded theory to examine the impact of differing aspects of economic redevelopment within the context of the inner City, to both foster particular crime problems, and the typical solution-sets (Jones: 1998) utilised by practitioners in addressing them. In addition, I examine the structural role and impact of economic and cultural forces of urban redevelopment in creating and managing the ‘majorities’ (Stoker: 1998) amongst the public, and their perceptions of crime and disorder patterns. My research is conducted across three separate neighbourhood ‘localities’ within Plymouth City Centre with the intention being to understand how the individual particularisms of these areas contribute to the formation of different forms of community safety, and allied with it, subtly different forms of policing.
32
Freire, Mariana Prado. "Regulação em saúde produtora de cuidado: cartografia de novos arranjos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6135/tde-09062017-132238/.
Full textAbstract:
A regulação em saúde exercida no Sistema Único de Saúde tem origem em um emaranhado de conceitos e foi sendo construída historicamente no Brasil acompanhando os diferentes contornos da Saúde Pública e a necessidade de regular os sistemas de saúde. Esta regulação se constituiu em um terreno de disputas entre a oferta e a demanda, produzindo efeitos no acesso dos usuários aos serviços e procedimentos. Mais recentemente a nova aposta para a regulação, é a possibilidade de que ela ocupe um papel central na produção do cuidado do usuário, juntamente com outros movimentos com este mesmo fim. Esta é uma pesquisa qualitativa de abordagem cartográfica, que contou com um usuário guia para conduzir a caminhada do pesquisador pelo território. Além do usuário guia, foram utilizados outros informantes, consulta documental, entrevistas transcritas e registro em diário de campo. O estudo teve por objetivo mapear os arranjos regulatórios presentes nas relações de produção do cuidado entre usuários, trabalhadores e gestores no cotidiano do trabalho em saúde de São Bernardo do Campo. Foram construídos analisadores a partir das cenas vivenciadas no campo e dos processamentos, que auxiliaram a dar visibilidade e dizibilidade aos arranjos do cuidado que estavam sendo produzidos. Distintas ações de regulação foram observadas, desde as que envolviam diretamente o complexo regulador até outras produzidas em ato pela rede de forma capilarizada. A aposta em novos arranjos regulatórios capazes de produzir cuidado trouxe possibilidades de empregar tecnologias mais relacionais no lugar da dureza dos protocolos e fluxos assistenciais. Estas ações foram observadas em diferentes cenários do sistema de saúde de São Bernardo do CampoThe health regulation made at Brazilian public health system originates from a set of concepts and was historically constructed in Brazil, following the different contours of Public Health and the task of regulating health systems. Regulation has become a field of disputes between supply and demand, producing effects on users\' access to services and procedures. More recently, the new focus on regulation is the possibility that it may play a central role in the production of user care, along with other movements for the same purpose. This is a qualitative research of cartographic approach with the participation of user guide to lead the walk of the researcher by the territory. In addition to the user guide, other informants were used, documentary consultation, transcribed interviews and field journaling. The purpose of this study was to map out the regulatory arrangements present in the relations of care production among users, workers and managers in the daily work of health care in São Bernardo do Campo. Analyzers were constructed from the scenes experienced in the field and from the processing, which helped to give visibility and readability to the care arrangements that were being produced. Different regulatory actions were observed, from those that directly involved the regulatory complex to others produced in act by the capillary network. The bet on new regulatory arrangements capable of producing care has brought possibilities of using more relational technologies instead of the hardness of protocols and care flows. These actions were observed in different scenarios of the health system of São Bernardo do Campo
33
Pandov, Kristian. "Politics and ‘Playing Rude’ : A Comparative Analysis of Impoliteness in American Presidential Debates 2000-2020." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Engelska institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-193914.
Full textAbstract:
The present study investigates the use of impoliteness in American presidential debates, analyzing whether the use of impoliteness strategies has increased, whether this varies depending on the candidate’s status as an incumbent or a challenger and if Donald Trump is an outlier when compared to his peers. To conduct this study, a total of 12 debates from the last 6 elections (2000-2020) were analyzed. The analysis used Culpeper’s (1996) framework as its base, specifically looking at the frequency and variability in the usage of face-attacks along with a set of output/micro-strategies from Garcia-Pastor (2008) typically used in the primary presidential debates as well as instances of overlaps and interruptions. The results showed, based on nearly all of the measured variables, that there was a significant increase in the 2016 and the subsequent 2020 debates when compared to the preceding ones. Furthermore, there were clear differences found in the incumbent presidents’ strategy choice and frequency when compared to their opponents as the former would typically be more defensive, using less impoliteness. Trump strayed from this established pattern by being vastly more aggressive than his incumbent predecessors. He additionally scored the highest in nearly all of the measured variables, this, in conjunction with the noticeable difference in his use of overlapping speech, as well as direct face-attacks, leads to the conclusion that he is an outlier in his use of impoliteness and a likely catalyst for the increase seen in the 2016-2020 debates.
34
Molina, Marcia Castagna [UNIFESP]. "Como avançar na humanização do cuidado oferecido por uma Unidade Básica de Saúde?: Uma Pesquisa Implicada." Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2011. http://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/9208.
Full textAbstract:
Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-22T20:49:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0
Previous issue date: 2011-03-30O estudo relata e analisa uma pesquisa-intervenção que realizei em uma unidade de saúde da Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Campinas, onde atuo como apoiadora distrital. O empírico da tese começou em dezembro de 2008, com um pedido para que eu, como apoiadora, trabalhasse a “comunicação” na equipe. A intervenção, visando a atender tal demanda, cumpriu duas etapas principais. Na primeira, foram realizadas quatro “oficinas de comunicação”, envolvendo 69 funcionários da unidade. A partir das oficinas, foram mantidos encontros com os trabalhadores, escolhidos pelos grupos como facilitadores da comunicação, para trabalhar sobre o material produzido e viabilizar as propostas de solução por eles apresentadas. O trabalho transcorreu durante os seis meses seguintes, tendo como momentos fortes as reuniões gerais mensais para as quais todos os funcionários eram convidados, com suas agendas liberadas e a unidade trabalhando com um plantão de atendimento para os usuários que lá aparecerem. Foi um período de intensa conversão entre os trabalhadores e busca de reconstrução de relações e modos de se produzir o cuidado. A segunda etapa constituiu-se de “oficina de humanização”, preparada a partir de entrevistas com os trabalhadores e a gestora da unidade de saúde, sobre seu entendimento a respeito da humanização e de sua avaliação sobre o cuidado oferecido pela unidade de saúde. O desafio metodológico foi transitar da função institucional que exerço a partir de marcado lugar de poder, autoridade e de “exterioridade” em relação à equipe de trabalhadores, para uma inserção mais íntima e “interna” às suas relações micropolíticas, tentando produzir, com eles, reflexões e ações voltadas para a humanização das relações que regem seu cotidiano e, ao mesmo tempo, das relações que estabelecem com os usuários na produção do cuidado. Uma pesquisa implicada, portanto, porque tive que lidar, o tempo todo, com a tensa relação entre minha localização na hierarquia das relações de autoridade formal da organização - e a racionalidade, interesses e tempo que lhe são próprios -, com a dinâmica e modo de funcionamentos da equipe. O estudo apresenta e problematiza o nada simples movimento de interiorização/exteriorização em relação ao campo micropolítico quefoi sendo investigado, modificado e produzido, em intenso compartilhamento com os trabalhadores. Na tradição inaugurada pela pesquisa-ação e consolidada no campo da sociologia reflexiva, em particular nos escritos de Alberto Melucci, tive a preocupação de ir produzindo, o tempo todo, um diálogo teórico com autores que, de modo mais ou menos direto, contribuíssem para ir clareando os caminhos abertos pela investigação, em particular o conhecimento que ia sendo apropriado em ato pelos atores organizacionais, modificando suas relações e os modos de se produzir o cuidado. Uma intervenção que produzisse, ao mesmo tempo, o “objeto” e a teoria para pensar o “objeto” que estava sendo produzido. A tese foi a configuração da construção de um mapa. O mapa é composto por meridianos e paralelos que se cruzam o tempo todo e vão reconstruindo o caminho das minhas intervenções, sempre em diálogo com autores que contribuíam para uma melhor compreensão dos problemas práticos que ia enfrentando. Os meridianos produzem a “verticalidade” do mapa, delimitando “campos de observação e/ou reflexão”, recortes-referência, sempre atravessados pelos paralelos que vão produzindo a sua “horizontalidade”. Os meridianos surgem com a intervenção, são produzidos nela, sendo irregulares no seu tamanho e configuração. Três são os meridianos que compõem o mapa: 1- minha construção como sujeito epistêmico: apoiadora pesquisadora; 2- o CS da intervenção: cenário de sofrimento e conflitos; 3- a intervenção. Os três meridianos são atravessados por cinco paralelos: reflexões metodológicas; reflexões teóricas sobre o problema da pesquisa; reflexões sobre o cuidado; reflexões sobre a gestão e reflexões sobre o contexto. Os paralelos, apesar de preservarem sempre o mesmo enunciado nos três meridianos, modificam-se na especificidade de cada um deles. Estive sempre atenta às linhas de fuga produzidas no cruzamento dos paralelos com os meridianos, buscando nelas indicações sobre outros modos de pensar e fazer o que eu não experimentara antes.
This study describes and analyses an intervention-research that I conducted in one of the Health Centers of the Municipal Health Secretariat of Campinas, Brazil, where I work as a district supporter. The empirical phase of the thesis began in December 2008 after I was asked to work on the “communication” in the team. The intervention took two main steps, aiming at reaching that goal. First there were four “communication workshops”, which involved 69 employees of the unit. After the workshops meetings were held with the employees chosen as communication facilitators by the groups to work on the material produced and to manage the proposals for solving the problems that were presented. The work went on for the following six months and the highlights were the monthly general meetings. All the employees were invited for the meetings, their agendas were cleared and the unit had a group on duty just in case a patient might need it. That was a period when the workers proved intensive changes while searching for the reconstruction of relationships and ways of care. The second step consisted of “humanization workshops” based on interviews with the workers and the manager at the Health Center about the humanization and their evaluation about the care offered at the Heath Center. The methodological challenge was to move from my institutional role of power, authority and “externality” regarding the team of workers to a closer and inner insertion of micro political relationships, trying with them to bring up reflections and actions upon the humanization of their daily relationships and, at the same time, of their relationships with the patients as far as care is concerned. Therefore this was a participatory action-research, because during all the time I had to deal with the tense relationship between my position in the hierarchy of the formal authority of the organization and the rationality, interests and timing of the research itself as well as with the team.s dynamics and ways of working. The study presents and discusses the complex movement of internalization/externalization concerning the micro political field, which was investigated, modified and produced intensely together with the workers. Based on the tradition started by the action-research and consolidatedin the reflexive sociology, especially in Alberto Melucci.s writings, I was during all the time concerned with the production of a theoretical dialog with the authors that could in a more or less direct way contribute to clear the paths opened by investigation and especially by the knowledge gotten by the organizational actors who were modifying the relationships and approaches of providing care. I was concerned with an intervention that could provide at the same time the “object” and the theory to think over the “object” that was being produced. The thesis was the setting up of a map. The map consists of meridians and parallels that intersect all the time while rebuilding my interventions always keeping the dialog with the authors that contributed for a clearer understanding of the practical problems I faced. The meridians make the “verticality” of the map and define the “fields of observation and/or reflection”, as reference clippings. They are crossed by the parallels that make the “horizontality”. The meridians come up by means of the intervention in which they are produced and they are irregular regarding size and configuration. There are three meridians in the map: 1- my construction as epistemic subject: from being a supporter to being a researcher; 2- The Health Center of the intervention: a scenery of suffering and conflicts; 3- the intervention. The three meridians are crossed by five parallels: methodological reflections; theoretical reflections upon the problem of the research; reflections upon the care; reflections upon management and reflections upon the context. Though the parallels always preserve the same statement in the three meridians, they are different according to each respective specificity. I have always paid close attention to any vanishing line at each intersection of meridians and parallels in search for clues leading to other ways of thinking and doing which I had never experienced before.
TEDE
BV UNIFESP: Teses e dissertações
35
Verstraeten, Alice. "La disparition sur la scène sociale argentine : modalités de résistance à l’impunité." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO20021.
Full textAbstract:
Entre 1976 et 1983, la dictature militaire argentine orchestre la disparition d’environ trente mille personnes. Son but n’est pas seulement la mort, mais l’empêchement de toute forme de différence et de toute forme de résistance chez les vivants. Dans un parcours menant d’une esquisse de la terreur à une anthropologie des possibles résistances, cette thèse confronte la recherche à l’effacement, à la déliaison puis à la possible reconstruction. Elle apparaît comme une démarche exploratoire et impliquée, aux côtés de (sur)vivants qui sont parvenus à recréer des liens de sens et des liens sociaux et donc, à refaire émerger du politique. Leurs témoignages, déclinés autour de ceux des « Mères de la Place de Mai », ont permis une résistance par les mots, par les corps et par les images à l’indicible, l’invisible et l’irreprésentable. Au fil de l’émergence d’un réseau de lutte contre l’effacement des traces et des preuves de la disparition, avec en ligne de mire les objectifs utopiques de « mémoire, vérité et justice », les résistants développent une forme de paradigme indiciaire qui n’a de cesse de rappeler à l’anthropologie l’importance des détails et des petits liens. En comprenant le social comme un théâtre, nous parvenons à appréhender diverses modalités de mise en scène de la disparition qui, toutes, révèlent l’importance cruciale de l’articulation entre l’intime et le collectif dans la reconstruction du social.Parce que les gouvernements démocratiques ont perpétué les représentations sociales qui ont rendu possible cette extermination politique, la résistance est toujours soumise à de nouvelles défiances révisionnistes. Elle est toujours renouvelée. Les questions qu’elle soulève restent, quant à elles, toujours aussi brûlantesFrom 1976 to 1983 the military dictatorship in Argentina engineered the “disappearance” of an estimated thirty thousand people. Its aim was not merely to put people to death but to eradicate all forms of diversity and every trace of resistance in the living.By sketching the reign of terror and by proposing an anthropological analysis of the different possible forms of resistance, this thesis confronts the research to effacement, dismemberment and then to the possibilities of reconstruction. It is an explorative and involved research by the side of survivors who succeeded in reconstruct sense and social relationships and have thus contributed to a political renaissance. Their testimonies - with those of the “Mothers of the Plaza de Mayo” as a heart - are resisting to what is unspeakable, impossible to see and to portray: they are based on words, on bodies and on images. A network, whose utopian motto was “memory, truth and justice”, gradually emerged to fight against the concealment of every trace of evidence of the “disappeared”. Its members developed a form of indicative paradigm which serves as a constant reminder to the anthropologist of the importance of details and minor connections.If we see society as theatre we may understand the different ways the forced disappearance was staged, which illustrate the crucial importance of the links between the intimate and the collective in social reconstruction.The resistance network is still constantly subject to revisionist suspicion, because democratic governments have maintained the social representations which made this political extermination possible. Resistance has to bee constantly re-invented. The questions this movement raises are, for their part, still a burning issue
36
Stanley, Richard. "Micro-macro paradoxes : the effects of war and aid on child survival." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.669843.
Full text
37
Bird, Jessica. "Micro-Enterprise Development for Dalit Women in Rural India: An Analysis of the Implications of “Women's Empowerment”." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2019. https://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/1286.
Full textAbstract:
The overall purpose of this study is to assess various market-based versus aid based approaches to financial autonomy for Dalit women in rural India and the goals and assumptions of the multiple stakeholders involved in each method (mainly, national and international NGOs, the state, and micro-finance organizations). I argue that approaches to income generation such as entrepreneurship, capital investment, and skill building, are based on similar objectives of economic agency, but ultimately lend to different results because of their varying assumptions about “women’s empowerment.” By separating these approaches into three methods of income generation based on their objective to promote either wages, labor, or capital, the political incentives of each stakeholder becomes more clear. The research presented in my literature review ultimately led me to predict that for Dalit women in India to experience financial autonomy, wage labor that produces immediate outcomes is a more viable route to overall empowerment than entrepreneurship due to its cultural constraints women fact. However, after analyzing my comparative case studies which focused on three different methods of handicraft and textile production facilitated through state, institutional, private stakeholders, I began to see how a a multiple-income generating approach, such as combining the resources of NGOs, micro-finance, and the state, reduces caste and gender barriers to entrepreneurship. Through a feminist and Marxist analysis, I assess the problems that occur when actors determine a blanket approach to empowering all women without considering their diverse contexts, and more specifically, how different identities and standpoints work to inform and oppress notions of empowerment. My interviews with experts in the field have led me to recommend that methods of income generation facilitated through grassroots Self Help Groups is the best way for rural, Dalit women to women to achieve economic agency.
38
Heuwieser, Raphael J. "Electoral rules and legislative behaviour : cross-national micro-level evidence from the Bundestag and the UK House of Commons, 2005-2015." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:c11962d9-3f1d-4f87-9c2a-b970ff5043bf.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis presents a new approach to the long-standing question of how electoral rules influence the behaviour of legislators. It begins with the argument that fresh empirical advances can be made by moving beyond the pervasive but rigid assumption that all legislators want to be re-elected and, by extension, that every incumbent values this goal to the same degree. Rather, I propose that individual Members of Parliament (MPs) vary in the extent to which they personally desire or depend upon re-election. Following the principles of a difference-in-differences design, this observation allows me to devise a theoretical framework capable of testing whether MPs' vote-seeking behaviour differs within parliaments in a way that varies predictably across countries. Specifically, I propose that in electoral systems where party-centric behaviour increases re-election chances, MPs particularly invested in the goal of re-election should cater to the party to an even greater extent than their colleagues. Conversely, in systems where a personal vote can generate electoral gains, MPs most ambitious for re-election should engage in this type of vote-winning strategy to the greatest extent. I test this prediction across the UK House of Commons and the German Bundestag, and within Germany's mixed-member system. Newly-collected biographical data on over 1700 MPs is used to conduct the first systematic MP-level operationalisation of re-election ambition based on legislators' career backgrounds. Career politicians are thereby identified as those most ambitious for re-election. Using voting behaviour from 1.8 million vote choices in legislative roll-calls as a proxy for the degree to which an MP caters to the party or to his or her personal reputation, the quantitative multilevel analysis reveals strong evidence for the proposed behavioural pattern. The contribution made by this study is two-fold. First, it uncovers the interaction between electoral rules and individual re-election ambition as a new explanation for MP-level variation in legislative behaviour. Second, its research design overcomes shortcomings in previous empirical tests for the existing theory on how electoral rules impact MP behaviour (e.g. Carey and Shugart 1995), producing more robust evidence in support of this influential framework.
39
D'Aoust, Olivia. "Post-war economics: micro-level evidence from the African Great Lakes Region." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209098.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis starts by arguing that the civil conflicts that erupted in the African Great Lakes are rooted in a continuous pursuit of power, in which ethnic, regional and political identifiers are used by the contenders for power to rally community support. In an introductory chapter, I go back to the colonial era, drawing attention to Burundi and Rwanda, and then describe in more details Burundi's refugee crisis, ex-combatants' demobilization and the 2010 elections, all of which will be addressed in the subsequent chapters. In the second chapter, entitled "On the Instrumental Power of Refugees: Household Composition and Civil War in Burundi", I study changes in household composition following household's exposure to civil war in Burundi. The analyses rely on a panel dataset collected in rural Burundi in 2005 and 2010. To address concerns over the endogenous distribution violence, I use an instrumental variables strategy using the distance to refugee camps, in which the Hutu rebellion was organized from the mid-1990s onwards. The analysis focuses on the impact of violence on demographic changes within households.
The third chapter, entitled "Who Benefited from Burundi's Demobilization Program?" and co-authored with Olivier Sterck (University of Oxford) and Philip Verwimp (ULB), assesses the impact of the demobilization cash transfers program, which took place from 2004 onwards in post-war Burundi. In the short run, we find that the cash payments had a positive impact on beneficiaries' consumption, non-food spending and investments. Importantly, it also generated positive spillovers on civilians in their home villages. However, both the direct impact and the spillovers seem to vanish in the long run. Ex-combatants' investments in assets were not productive enough to sustain their consumption pattern in the long run, as they ultimately ran out of demobilization money.
In the fourth chapter, entitled "From Rebellion to Electoral Violence. Evidence from Burundi" and co-authored with Andrea Colombo (ULB) and Olivier Sterck (University of Oxford), we aim at understanding the triggers of electoral violence in 2010, only a few months after the end of the war. We find that an acute polarization between ex-rebel groups -capturing the presence of groups with equal support - and political competition are both highly conducive to electoral violence. Disaggregating electoral violence by type, we show that these drivers explain different types of violence. Perhaps surprisingly, we find that ethnic diversity is not associated with electoral violence in post-conflict Burundi.
In the last chapter, entitled "Who Benefits from Customary Justice? Rent-seeking, Bribery and Criminality in sub-Saharan Africa" and co-authored with Olivier Sterck (University of Oxford), we have a closer look at the judicial system of Uganda, an important institution in a post-conflict economy. In many African countries, customary and statutory judicial systems co-exist. Customary justice is exercised by local courts and based on restorative principles, while statutory justice is mostly retributive and administered by magistrates' courts. As their jurisdiction often overlaps, victims can choose which judicial system to refer to, which may lead to contradictions between rules and inconsistencies in judgments. In this essay, we construct a model representing a dual judicial system and we show that this overlap encourages rent-seeking and bribery, and yields to high rates of petty crimes and civil disputes.
In Burundi, history has shown that instability in one country of the Great Lake region may destabilize the whole area, with dramatic effect on civilian population. Understanding the dynamics laying at the origin of violence, during and after civil conflict, is crucial to prevent violence relapse in any form, from petty criminality to larger scale combats.
Doctorat en Sciences économiques et de gestion
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
40
Pappalardo, Marta. "« Mériter » la ville globalisée : la production des espaces urbains en centre-ville, entre discours et pratiques micro-locales : Naples et Le Caire." Thesis, Paris 10, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA100130/document.
Full textAbstract:
Cette recherche interroge les pratiques discursives de domination et d’altérisation dans la production urbaine. Notre analyse prend le départ du questionnement de la globalisation dans la planification urbaine et de son articulation au niveau micro-local. Notre hypothèse est que les groupes dominants utilisent les pratiques populaires comme argument de délégitimation des populations pauvres dans les « visions » de la ville globalisée. Cette stigmatisation se nourrit des stéréotypes de la ville en retard et de l’immobilisme de ces « groupes subalternes », mais également des conflits entre les habitants du centre pour l’appropriation de l’espace au quotidien. La domination exercée résulte alors d’un enchevêtrement complexe entre des conditions sociales réelles et des discours stéréotypés. Cette recherche suit une démarche interdisciplinaire, qui croise les approches à la ville propres à l’architecture avec le regard sociologique. Le choix des terrains d’étude se porte sur deux métropoles, Le Caire (Égypte) et Naples (Italie). Malgré de profondes différences de contexte, les questions s’imbriquent : l’attractivité touristique qui passe par le changement de population, la patrimonialisation de l’architecture des centres, et un urbanisme hanté par le mythe d’une grandeur déchue. À travers l’étude des pratiques micro-locales d’occupation du logement et de l’espace urbain, ainsi que du processus de construction et de manipulation d’une condition de « subalternité métropolitaine », il apparaît que si d’un côté les aménageurs revendiquent le monopole de la prise de décision, de l’autre les habitants mettent en place une production de l’espace urbain « par le bas »This research examines the discursive practices of domination and othering in urban production. Our analysis opens with the questioning of globalization in urban planning and its relationship with the micro-local level. Our hypothesis is that dominant groups use popular practices as an argument of delegitimization of the poor in the "visions" of the globalized city. This stigma is fuelled by the stereotypes of the undeveloped city and the immobilism of these "subaltern groups", but also by the conflicts between the inhabitants of the centre for the appropriation of space in everyday life. Thus, the domination results as a complex tangle between real social conditions and stereotypical discourses. This research follows an interdisciplinary approach, which crosses the architecture-specific analysis of the city with a sociological perspective. We chose as our case studies two cities, Cairo (Egypt) and Naples (Italy). Despite the profound differences in context, many issues overlap: the touristic appeal depending on the exclusion of a part of the population, the politics of heritage of the city centres, and an urban planning haunted by the myth of fallen greatness. Through the study of micro-local practices of domestic and urban space, and the process of construction and manipulation of a condition of "metropolitan subalternity", it appears that if, on the one hand, developers claim the monopoly of decision making, on the other, inhabitants develop a production of urban space "from below"
41
Iglesias, Luiz Ronaldo. "Estudo sobre a mortalidade e sobreviv?ncia de micro e pequenas empresas natalenses e seus impactos nas pol?ticas p?blicas pr?-empreendedorismo." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2009. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/12140.
Full textAbstract:
Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T13:53:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
LuizRI.pdf: 979603 bytes, checksum: ece7ab6a98dedcb9af5fd5c9ef6d8944 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2009-11-11The principal purpose of this research was to investigate discriminant factors of survival and failure of micro and small businesses, and the impacts of these factors in the public politics for entrepreneurship in the State of Rio Grande do Norte. The data were ceded by SEBRAE/RN and the Commercial Committee of the Rio Grande do Norte State and it included the businesses that were registered in 2000, 2001 and 2002. According to the theoretical framework 3 groups of factors were defined Business Financial Structure, Entrepreneurial Preparation and Entrepreneurial Behavior , and the factors were studied in order to determine whether they are discriminant or not of the survival and business failure. A quantitative research was applied and advanced statistical techniques were used multivariate data analysis , beginning with the factorial analysis and after using the discriminant analysis. As a result, canonical discriminant functions were found and they partially explained the survival and business failure in terms of the factors and groups of factors. The analysis also permitted the evaluation of the public politics for entrepreneurship and it was verified, according to the view of the entrepreneurs, that these politics were weakly effective to avoid business failure. Some changes in the referred politics were suggested based on the most significant factors found.
O principal objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar fatores discriminantes da sobreviv?ncia e mortalidade de micro e pequenos neg?cios, e os impactos destes fatores nas pol?ticas p?blicas pr?-empreendedorismo no Estado do Rio Grande do Norte. Os dados foram cedidos pelo SEBRAE/RN e a Junta Comercial do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte JUCERN e inclui empreendimentos registrados em 2000, 2001 e 2002. De acordo com o arcabou?o te?rico, foram definidos 3 grupos de fatores Estrutura Financeira Empresarial, Prepara??o para Empreender e Forma de Empreender , e os fatores foram estudados para se determinar se s?o discriminantes ou n?o para a sobreviv?ncia e mortalidade de empresas. Tratou-se de uma pesquisa quantitativa que se serviu de t?cnicas estat?sticas avan?adas de an?lise multivariada de dados e empregou-se, primeiramente, a an?lise fatorial e depois, a an?lise discriminante. Como resultado, chegou-se a determinar fun??es can?nicas discriminantes que explicam parcialmente a sobreviv?ncia e mortalidade em fun??o dos fatores e grupos de fatores. A an?lise permitiu, tamb?m, a avalia??o das pol?ticas p?blicas pr?-empreendedorismo e verificou-se, segundo a ?tica dos empres?rios, que estas pol?ticas se mostraram pouco efetivas para evitar a mortalidade de empresas. A partir dos fatores mais significativos encontrados, foram sugeridas mudan?as nas referidas pol?ticas.
42
Roudé, Catherine. "Des collectifs de cinéma militant dans la France de l' après 1968 : micro-histoire de Slon et Iskra (1967-1988)." Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010544.
Full textAbstract:
Par le biais de deux groupes de production issus de la même base, Slon (1968-1973) et Iskra qui lui succède, cette thèse interroge les modalités d'intervention politique d'une partie des acteurs du champ cinématographique français, de la fin des années 1960 à la fin des années 1980. Ce travail s'attache à la notion de collectif de cinéma militant, telle que forgée au cours de la période au prisme de la production, de la réalisation et de la circulation des œuvres issues de ce contexte. La formation du collectif militant passe d'abord par l'élaboration de modèles de productions spécifiques s'opposant au fonctionnement de l'industrie cinématographique. Difficile à accorder aux contraintes du champ, la recherche structurelle menée par les groupes formés dans l'après 1968 est constante jusqu'au début des années 1980, période à laquelle les acteurs du cinéma militant entament un mouvement inverse d'institutionnalisation. La confrontation des œuvres produites dans ce cadre, répondant aux temps forts du mouvement social, avec les pratiques revendiquées montre la diversité des voies d'engagement en cinéma ainsi que la difficulté de mettre en pratique l'idéal collectif. Certains films révèlent aussi une disproportion entre les ambitions des structures de production et leurs capacités d’action. La manière dont Slon et Iskra organisent la diffusion d'un catalogue constitué de nombreux films réalisés dans d'autres cadres fait émerger des pratiques qui n'ont pas été prévues dans leurs tâches originelles. Mobilisant de nouveaux acteurs au sein du groupe comme à l'extérieur, la distribution impacte fortement le fonctionnement du collectif. C'est finalement au moyen de cette activité que les membres d'Iskra parviennent à adapter la structure aux mutations du paysage audiovisuel français jusque dans les années 1980This thesis questions the modalities of political intervention among protagonists of the French cinematographic field from the late '60s until the late '80s, through the study of the two production groups derived from one and the same basis, Slon ( 1969-1973), followed by Iskra. This work concentrates on the concept of collective activist cinema, faithful to its definition forged during the given timespan, through the prism of production, of the execution and circulation of works produced in this context. The development of the activist collective firstly goes through the elaboration of specific production patterns in opposition with the functioning of the film industry. Difficult to reconcile with the inherent constraints of the film industry, the structural research led by groups fonned after 1968 is a constant until the early '80s, when cinema activists initiate a reverse movement, towards institutionalization. The confrontation between the movies accomplished in this background in response to the key moments of the social movement and according to the claimed policies, shows both the diversity of ways in the commitment through cinema and the difficulty in turning the collective ideal into hard facts. Some of the works studied also reveal the discrepancy between the ambitions of their production structures and their actual capacity for action. The way Slon and Iska organize the distribution of their catalogue made up of numerous products realized in contexts other than the initial, gives rise to new schemes which were not anticipated among their original tasks. Mobilizing new human resources from both inside and outside the group, the distribution had a huge impact on the manner the collective functioned as a whole. It is by the means of this very activity that the members of Iskra finally adapt their structure to the shifts occurred in the broadcasting field ail along through the '80s
43
Boone, George E. "Emotion, community development, and the physical environment: An experimental investigation of measurements." UKnowledge, 2013. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/cld_etds/10.
Full textAbstract:
A wide range of research fields have studied how emotions and behavior are affected by the physical environment. This gestalt theorist approach of experimental research as well seeks to measure emotion (using the valence-arousal scale) and micro-scale community development interactions when weighted physical environment factors are adjusted. Community development (CD) interactions at the micro-scale have received but slight attention from scholars in the CD research field and this study aims partially to investigate developing objective measures from social observations. CD interactions from recordings along with self-reported emotion through surveys in four quasi-experimental groups (where the environments were constructed based on peer-reviewed literature to cause emotional reactions) and one control group made up the data collected for this experiment. While the results of this experiment displayed apparent convincing quantitative differences in both CD interactions and emotion when the physical environment was manipulated, the results of a one-way ANOVA indicated no statistical significance to either dependent variable. The conclusions suggest limiting the physical factors of the environment to produce more precise changes as a result of the manipulated quasi environments.
44
Weng, Fangyi, and 翁芳怡. "Micro-politics of the Socialization of Novice Junior High School Substitute Teachers." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/52362128108012814058.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中正大學
教育學研究所
100
This study aimed to understand the interests of micro-politics and how micro-politics strategies operated and impacted beginning teachers by investigating the socialization of three novice substitute teachers in junior high school. For data collection and analysis, qualitative research interview method was employed to explore interviews with a total of fifteen relevant stakeholders consisting of one school principal, three formal teachers, two parents, six students. In observing micro-politics, the socialization of beginning substitute teachers were examined from three dimensions: their relevant career experiences, role demands and organizational culture. The conclusions and suggestions of this study are summarized as follows: 1. Micro-politics experiences in the socialization of novice substitute teachers in junior high school. (A) Previous experiences are key to pre-service socialization. (B) Fulfillment of job requirements is the focus of successful socialization. (C) Beginning substitute teachers become an accepted part of the school culture through interactions with others. 2. The interests of micro-politics in the socialization of novice substitute teachers in junior high school. (A) In self-interest, beginning substitute teachers conduct self-affirmation and manage censure and supervision. (B) In material interest, beginning substitute teachers receive less pay than formal teachers. (C) In organization interest, beginning substitute teachers tend to seek jobs at the schools they worked. (D) In the cultural and ideological interests, beginning substitute teachers conform to the norms mainstream school culture and values. (E) In the socio-professional interests, beginning substitute teachers seek interpersonal harmony and choose to endure unfriendly treatment. 3. Micro-political strategies employed by beginning substitute junior high teachers in their socialization process. (A) Toward the principal, strategies are adopted to protect their own interests. (B) Toward formal teachers, strategies are adopted both to protect their own interests and to influence the micro-political strategies of the others. (C) Toward parents, strategies are adopted to protect their own interests. (D) Toward students, strategies are adopted to influence them.
45
Ofori, Jerome Jeffison. "Mining, Power and Sustainable Development: Micro-Politics of Benefits Sharing in Ghana." Thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/124226.
Full textAbstract:
The last two decades has witnessed the adoption of sustainable development principles within the mining industry, following the publication of the industry’s minerals and mining for sustainable development (MMSD) report in 2002. It has been argued by scholars and industry actors that mining companies can contribute to sustainable development by being environmentally responsible, improving the economic and social well-being of people affected by mining projects as well as creating mechanisms for a plurality of decision-making processes throughout the entire mining life cycle. Sustainable development however, is a contested development concept with no implementation blueprint. Unsurprising therefore, the exact meaning and application of sustainable development in the mining industry has been the subject of increasing academic debate. From the burgeoning literature that explores the links between mining and sustainable development, it is difficult to ascertain what sustainable development means to different actors, and how differences in its conception influences the extent to which mining may or not contribute to sustainable development in practice at the community level. This is critical given that at the community level, unequal power relations may exist and potentially shape how mining led sustainable development costs and benefits are shared. Thus, to fully discern the link between mining and sustainable development, it is imperative to unveil first the sustainable development rationalities of various actors and then how those rationalities or agendas are ritualised in practice taking into account contextual influences such as unequal power relations. Taking the sharing of mining benefits by governments and mining companies as a point of departure, this thesis explores how mining contributes to the sustainable development of communities affected by mining projects in Ghana. It does so by focussing on how mine benefits, in the form of redistributed revenues, are accessed, controlled and used by beneficiary communities. The thesis uses a political ecology analytical approach and draws on qualitative primary research data collected from three communities affected by Newmont Mining Corporation’s project in the Birim North District of Ghana. This thesis argues from the findings that, underlying the limited contribution of mining to sustainable development of mining communities in Ghana is a crisis of mining benefits sharing. The findings of this research show that, different actors including the government, mining companies and mining communities have different conceptions and agendas of sustainable development. Furthermore, within the communities, there are different conceptions of what sustainable development is between the elites and poor or non-elites. Overall, the government defines sustainable development in terms of economic growth; the mining companies, influenced by the need to maintain a social license, consider sustainable development to be about the creation a legacy. Community elites, such as chiefs, consider sustainable development to be about community infrastructure; whereas non-elites within the community, many of whom have lost access to their own farmlands due to mining developments, see sustainable development as that which will improve their livelihoods and economic outcomes. This study reveals that, community power imbalances have ensured that the mineral revenues allocated for community driven sustainable development, are ultimately controlled by local elites. The elites, through their unfettered powers, capture both the decision-making processes and the revenues to pursue their sustainable development agendas, to the detriment of the poor and marginalised non-elites. The elites do this by deploying different strategies to counteract the structures governing the use of the revenues. This thesis contributes empirically to understanding how benefit sharing for sustainable development processes work in practice and explains why some people gain while others lose in this equation. This thesis recommends the redesign of the current benefit sharing models being used by Newmont Mining and the government. The suggested new design will provide opportunities to correct the existing power imbalances and ensure that a sustainable development that benefits the communities as whole is achieved.Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Social Sciences, 2019
46
Seo, Bo Kyeong. "Suturing the world : the micro-practices of care and the politics of life in Chiang Mai." Phd thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/156303.
Full textAbstract:
Based on eighteen months of fieldwork between 2010 and 2012, this thesis examines how universal health coverage is shaped and experienced in Thailand. How might such an ambitious social project that aims to ensure every citizen access to a full-range of health services become feasible in a socially divided, politically unstable, lower-middle-income country like Thailand? This thesis investigates the establishment of universal health coverage not as a given condition but as a political and moral work in progress. How is the provision of care perceived, enacted, and assembled in the frontline of the Thai public health care system? What kinds of political subjectivities are implicated in the mundane and extraordinary struggles to make care accessible and durable? With special focus on the human stakes of health care for poor Thai and non-citizen Shan migrant populations, this thesis offers new ethnographic insights into the significance of micro-practices of care for the politics of life. Situated in a district hospital on the periphery of Chiang Mai City, I examine the multiple circuits of care threaded through everyday socio-cultural practice. Practices of care and their implications are multi-dimensional. Beginning with the workings of the public hospital, I show how caring and governing are interrelated. While the promise of the universal health coverage policy is mitigated by rules of eligibility and entitlement, hospital staff's aspirations to realize a government of care make this policy substantively universal. Ethnic minorities and Shan migrants in vulnerable situations actively utilize Thai public hospitals, navigating the perils of receiving the gift of care. I show how they elicit state care and secure a foothold in the political community through artful practices of being governed. In their struggles to maintain their family amidst structural violence and precariousness Shan women also employ tactics of creative subsistence that make life liveable. At junctures when the desire to care exceeds the boundaries of belonging and sameness, I explore how critically ill neonates and spiritual entities-alien others who hover at the margins of life-are drawn into alliances of care. I conceptualize the 'desire to care' as a conjunctural expression of the life-intensifying proclivities of medical, state, and spiritual sovereignty and argue that practices of care, even in micro forms, nourish potentials to create a sphere of relations and a politics of life. Highlighting people's intertwined experience of freedom and obligation, autonomy and dependence, I demonstrate how individual and collective pursuits of formulating relations of care dismantle and reassemble the notion of universal citizenship and entitlement. At its core, this thesis reorients care as a suturing and sutured state, practice that acts upon the world, and value accumulated by practice, which repairs, envisions, and transforms the human condition in a provisionary but concrete manner.
47
Yawney, Lauren. "Understanding the “micro” in micro-targeting: an analysis of the 2018 Ontario provincial election." Thesis, 2018. https://dspace.library.uvic.ca//handle/1828/10437.
Full textAbstract:
There is a breadth of research on micro-targeting in American elections, while the practice is
under-researched in Canadian federal elections. Additionally, there is no academic commentary on micro-targeting at the Canadian provincial election level. This thesis draws on this gap in literature to investigate how micro-targeting is used at the provincial campaign level by parties and candidates. My research was conducted through an analysis of emails, Facebook ads and Facebook posts by the Liberal, Progressive Conservative and New Democratic Party candidates in 8 ridings in the 2018 Ontario election. I drew hypotheses about the types of “micro” appeals in provincial micro-targeting from the work of Kreiss (2017), Giasson and Small (2017), Marland and Matthews (2017), Munroe and Munroe (2018), Delacourt (2015) and Carty, Cross and Young (2000). From this research, I argue that provincial micro-targeting is nowhere near the level of specificity that is found in Canadian federal elections, let alone American elections. Parties rely on appeals to very broad groups and areas, such as occupations and “the North.” Parties do not use the information contained in voter management databases to target campaign appeals on social media or other media, and instead rely on these systems more for get-out-the-vote activities. This thesis contributes to the growing research on micro-targeting and the use of Facebook for political campaigning, while also remaining conscious to the fact that these technologies are constantly changing and advancing.Graduate
48
Yen, Po-Feng, and 顏伯峰. "Teacher participate school administration in the micro-politics: A Case Study of junior high school in Taoyuan City." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/14658893805317914713.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣師範大學
教育政策與行政研究所
103
The present research focuses on teachers in a public junior high school in Taoyuan as an object of Case Study, use of qualitative research interviews, observation and document analysis to collect research data. The main interviewees are experienced teachers. The research hope through it to understand the participation of teachers of School Administration and the micro-political phenomenon in case school, moreover, Using observation and document analysis to increase the degree of richness and integrity of research data. Finally, according to research findings to complete conclusions and recommendations, in order to bring forth appropriate and constructive suggestion. The concluding results of the present study are listed as follows: 1.The motivation of teachers micro-political interaction come from personal interests, job responsibility, moral values. 2.Teachers can use a variety of powers and approach in the process of micro-political interactions. 3.Teachers facing difficulties about passivity and indifference in the process of micro-political interactions. 4.Teachers facing difficulties about the dependence on other power leaders. 5.When formal meetings dysfunctional, teachers can use consultation and cooperation policy to solve the dilemma. 6.Teachers can use multi-strategy solve various views confused dilemma in micro-political field. Based on the conclusions, the present study seeks to provide suggestions and directions to benefit those government officials, the case school leaders, and teachers .
49
Morris, Anne. "Optimising the "spaces in-between" : the maternal alienation project and the politics of gender in macro and micro contexts." 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/49674.
Full textAbstract:
The centrepoint of this thesis is an action research project, the Maternal Alienation Project (MAP), implemented during 2002 and 2003 in Adelaide, South Australia. Resourced by two government-funded community health services, it was established to improve organisations’ (health, welfare and legal) and systems’ responses to the newly termed ‘maternal alienation’. MAP was situated within a tradition of feminist participatory and action research. It was designed to work on three levels: practice, systems and policy-making, and research. The outcomes, processes and events of MAP at the different levels of its operation are examined in the thesis through the employment of a gendered analysis drawn mainly from materialist feminism and standpoint theories. Post-project interviews and focus groups provided further data to the fieldnotes written throughout MAP, and the project’s formal and informal documents. A recent example of a contested gendered concept, “maternal alienation” was first identified and named in 1999 as a component of gender violence (Morris 1999). It forms part of a spectrum of violence perpetrated in households, and had been identified within domestic violence and child sexual abuse. It is a term for the range of tactics used by mainly male perpetrators, predominantly the mothers’ intimate partners and the children’s fathers or step-fathers, to deliberately undermine the relationship between mothers and their children. The mother-blaming discourses and degrading constructions of mothers conveyed to children and those in the family’s orbit are strongly related to wider socio-cultural constructions of women and mothers. The thesis examines theories of gender, gendered organisations and gender violence. It develops the concept of an abusive household gender regime, characterised by perpetrators’ imposition of a coercive and abusive regime on household members, and particular patternings of gendered relations. Comparisons are made between household and organisational gender regimes, which are also viewed in relation to the local gender order at the time of MAP. It was found that services that lack an analysis of gender are likely to re-inscribe the dynamics of maternal alienation in their responses to families. Language was found to play a significant part in addressing maternal alienation, particularly in developing congruence between language and women’s and children’s “lived” experiences. The principles that were developed were founded on supporting mothers and rebuilding their relationships with children, and making visible the tactics employed by perpetrators, thereby reducing their power to coerce and increasing their accountability. The concept of maternal alienation and MAP itself were attacked by a coalition of men’s rights and Christian Right lobbyists. This compromised the operations of MAP, and of its key supporters, managers of feminist and gender-aware organisations. In many ways these attacks, played out at a macro level, reflected the techniques and dynamics of maternal alienation at a micro level. This thesis raises questions about the strategies that feminist organisations need to develop to more effectively pursue feminist agendas, and to re-invigorate a women’s movement.Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Social Sciences, 2008
50
Tingay, Caroline Laetitia [Verfasser]. "Agrarian transformation in Egypt : conflict dynamics and the politics of power from a micro perspective / von Caroline Laetitia Tingay." 2006. http://d-nb.info/983528012/34.
Full text