Journal articles: 'Microbial consortium'

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Zakaria Ahmed and Shuranjan Sarkar. "Microbial consortium: A new approach in jute retting of preserved dry ribbons." International Journal of Life Science Research Updates 4, no. 1 (August 30, 2022): 126–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.53430/ijsru.2022.4.1.0106.

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The present research was taken to formulate bacterial consortium as whole cell biocatalyst for retting of dry jute ribbons. The bacteria were obtained from different sources of jute retting water, enriched on nutrient broth medium. Microbial consortium was constructed from 7 (seven) selected isolated bacteria to become 7 (seven) combination culture which exhibited remarkable retting efficacy due to the induction of different enzymes activities. The enzymatic as well as biochemical activity of these bacteria were tested. The strains were selected based on the criteria that they were able to display good zone of inhibition. Formulations showed good potential as candidates for microbial consortium. In the two combination treatment with water (5 ml), microbial consortia of (10DTW2b+OMPW4b), (10DTW2b+4DTW7b) and (OMEW4b+10DTW2b) were found better for all the cases. Again, in three combinations treatment with water (5 ml d.H2O), fineness, brightness and smoothness/softness, all were found higher in microbial consortia of (3PRRF5b+4DTF1b+10DTW2b), which is a unique findings. This research is on-going and need to optimize these consortiums with different parameters and also carry out retting analysis.

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Milcic-Terzic, J., Y. Lopez-Vidal, M. M. Vrvic, and S. Saval. "Biodegradation potential assessment of microbial consortia isolated from a diesel-contaminated soil." Water Science and Technology 42, no. 5-6 (September 1, 2000): 403–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2000.0541.

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Diesel, toluene and naphthalene-degrading microbial consortia were isolated from a diesel-contaminated soil. The presence of catabolic genes, xylE and ndoB responsible for toluene/xylene and naphthalene biodegradation, respectively, were screened by PCR techniques in all microbial consortia. The diesel-consortium possessed both catabolic genes, the toluene-consortium only the xylE gene, while the naphthalene-consortium possessed only the ndoB gene. On the basis of these results, it was concluded that contaminated soil has indigenous microbes with a high natural potential for biodegradation.

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Babich, Olga, Stanislav Sukhikh, Lyubov Dyshlyuk, Olga Shishko, Irina Milentyeva, Alexander Prosekov, Valery Pavsky, Svetlana Ivanova, and Vyacheslav Dolganyuk. "Evaluation of Biocompatibility and Antagonistic Properties of Microorganisms Isolated from Natural Sources for Obtaining Biofertilizers Using Microalgae Hydrolysate." Microorganisms 9, no. 8 (August 4, 2021): 1667. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9081667.

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Determination of the biocompatibility of microorganisms isolated from natural sources (Kemerovo Oblast—Kuzbass) resulted in the creation of three microbial consortia based on the isolated strains: consortium I (Bacillus pumilus, Pediococcus damnosus, and Pediococcus pentosaceus), consortium II (Acetobacter aceti, Pseudomonas chlororaphis, and Streptomyces parvus), and consortium III (Amycolatopsis sacchari, Bacillus stearothermophilus; Streptomyces thermocarboxydus; and Streptomyces thermospinisporus). The nutrient media composition for the cultivation of each of the three studied microbial consortia, providing the maximum increase in biomass, was selected: consortium I, nutrient medium 11; consortium II, nutrient medium 13; for consortium III, nutrient medium 16. Consortia I and II microorganisms were cultured at 5–25 °C, and consortium III at 50–70 °C. Six types of psychrophilic microorganisms (P. pentosaceus, P. chlororaphis, P. damnosus, B. pumilus, A. aceti, and S. parvus) and four types of thermophilic microorganisms (B. stearothermophilus, S. thermocarboxydus, S. thermospinisporus, and A. sacchari) were found to have high antagonistic activity against the tested pathogenic strains (A. faecalis, B. cinerea, E. carotovora, P. aeruginosa, P. fluorescens, R. stolonifera, X. vesicatoria. pv. Vesicatoria, and E. aphidicola). The introduction of microalgae hydrolyzate increased the concentration of microorganisms by 5.23 times in consortium I, by 4.66 times in consortium II, by 6.6 times in consortium III. These data confirmed the efficiency (feasibility) of introducing microalgae hydrolyzate into the biofertilizer composition.

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Pas, Aris Aksarah, Didy Sopandie, Trikoesoemaningtyas Trikoesoemaningtyas, and Dwi Andreas Santosa. "UJI DAN SELEKSI ISOLAT KONSORSIUM MIKROB FILOSFER DAN RIZOSFER TERHADAP PERKECAMBAHAN BENIH PADI." Jurnal Agrotech 8, no. 2 (December 31, 2018): 62–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.31970/agrotech.v8i2.21.

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The application of microbes on the seeds of rice plants, microbes can enter into the rice seed tissues and growth in seed tissues, these microbes can colonize and survive and develop in the seeds. Colonization will continue when the plant grows. This study aims to select the phyllosphere and rhizosphere microbial consortium which can increase plant growth. Furthermore, choosing the best phyllosphere and rhizosphere microbial consortium to test its effectiveness in increasing rice growth. The test method was carried out by soaking the rice seeds (seed treatment) on each mixture suspension for 24 hours. Sprout power was observed after 2 days of incubation and root length, shoot length, wet weight and dry weight of seedlings were observed after 5 days. The method uses a Completely Randomized Design one treatment factor. The selection of the eight best consortium isolates was chosen based on the ranking after each parameter was given the weight multiplied by the scoring. The explored samples from various ecosystems in Sigi Regency contain the phyllosphere and rhizosphere microbial consortium. The isolates of the phyllosphere and rhizosphere microbial consortium have a positive, neutral and negative influence on rice seed germination. Can be selected for each of the eight best phyllosphere and rhizosphere microbial consortiums

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Maoz, Ariel, Ralf Mayr, and Siegfried Scherer. "Temporal Stability and Biodiversity of Two Complex Antilisterial Cheese-Ripening Microbial Consortia." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 69, no. 7 (July 2003): 4012–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.69.7.4012-4018.2003.

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ABSTRACT The temporal stability and diversity of bacterial species composition as well as the antilisterial potential of two different, complex, and undefined microbial consortia from red-smear soft cheeses were investigated. Samples were collected twice, at 6-month intervals, from each of two food producers, and a total of 400 bacterial isolates were identified by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and 16S ribosomal DNA sequence analysis. Coryneform bacteria represented the majority of the isolates, with certain species being predominant. In addition, Marinolactobacillus psychrotolerans, Halomonas venusta, Halomonas variabilis, Halomonas sp. (106 to 107 CFU per g of smear), and an unknown, gram-positive bacterium (107 to 108 CFU per g of smear) are described for the first time in such a consortium. The species composition of one consortium was quite stable over 6 months, but the other consortium revealed less diversity of coryneform species as well as less stability. While the first consortium had a stable, extraordinarily high antilisterial potential in situ, the antilisterial activity of the second consortium was lower and decreased with time. The cause for the antilisterial activity of the two consortia remained unknown but is not due to the secretion of soluble, inhibitory substances by the individual components of the consortium. Our data indicate that the stability over time and a potential antilisterial activity are individual characteristics of the ripening consortia which can be monitored and used for safe food production without artificial preservatives.

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Tusher, Tanmoy Roy, Takuya Shimizu, Chihiro Inoue, and Mei-Fang Chien. "Enrichment and Analysis of Stable 1,4-dioxane-Degrading Microbial Consortia Consisting of Novel Dioxane-Degraders." Microorganisms 8, no. 1 (December 25, 2019): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8010050.

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Biodegradation of 1,4-dioxane, a water contaminant of emerging concern, has drawn substantial attention over the last two decades. A number of dioxane-degraders have been identified, though many of them are unable to metabolically utilize 1,4-dioxane. Moreover, it is considered more preferable to use microbial consortia rather than the pure strains, especially in conventional bioreactors for industrial wastewater treatment. In the present study, a stable 1,4-dioxane-degrading microbial consortium was enriched, namely 112, from industrial wastewater by nitrate mineral salt medium (NMSM). The consortium 112 is capable of utilizing 1,4-dioxane as a sole carbon and energy source, and can completely degrade 1,4-dioxane up to 100 mg/L. From the consortium 112, two 1,4-dioxane-degrading bacterial strains were isolated and identified, in which the Variovorax sp. TS13 was found to be a novel 1,4-dioxane-degrader that can utilize 100 mg/L of 1,4-dioxane. The efficacy of the consortium 112 was increased significantly when we cultured the consortium with mineral salt medium (MSM). The new consortium, N112, could utilize 1,4-dioxane at a rate of 1.67 mg/L·h. The results of the ribosomal RNA intergenic spacer analysis (RISA) depicted that changes in the microbial community structure of consortium 112 was the reason behind the improved degradation efficiency of consortium N112, which was exhibited as a stable and effective microbial consortium with a high potential for bioremediation of the dioxane-impacted sites and contaminated industrial wastewater.

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Singh, Gauri, and Ashok Kumar Singh. "DECOLORIZATION OF DISTILLERY EFFLUENT WASTE BY MICROBIAL CONSORTIUM." INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF URBAN AND ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 4, no. 1 (October 11, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.25105/urbanenvirotech.v4i1.8000.

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Aim: The effluent discharged from sugarcane molasses based distilleries causes environmental pollution due to its large volume and dark brown colour. The effluents also acifidys soils and causes harmful effects on agriculture crops. The objective of this work was the decolourization of molasses waste water from Doiwala sugar industry, Dehradun was done using different microbial consortiums. Methodology and Results: The microbial strains used in this study were obtained from IMTECH, Chandigarh. They were designated as A is E. coli, B is Pseudomonas aeruginosa, C is Staphylococcus aureus, D is Serritia odoriferae, E is Proteus vulgaris and F is Candida albicans. A total of six combinations were prepared using these strains i.e A+B, C+D, E+F, A+B+C, D+E+F and A+B+C+D+E+F. These consortiums were subjected to decolorization experiment of molasses waste water from Doiwala Sugar Factory, Dehradun, India at regular time interval by measuring the optical density. It was observed that at 7th day incubation in each case all consortiums showed maximum decolorization after which the percentage of decolorization was stable. It was also observed that the bacterial consortiums showed higher decolorization than the mixture of bacteria and fungi. Consortium C+D showed highest decolorization i.e. 89%. Conclusion, significance and impact study: it is recommended that industry should work with this consortium for decolorization of molasses containing wastewater to solve this environmental problem.

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Heni Krestini, Eti, Ani Susilawati, and Catur Hermanto. "Effect of NPK fertilizer and microbial consortium to growth and production of garlic (Allium sativum L.)." BIO Web of Conferences 20 (2020): 03010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20202003010.

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Garlic productivity in Indonesia is relatively low due to ecological fitness, agronomic performance, and pest losses. For the reason, the research was objected to study the effect of microbial consortium and NPK fertilizer toward the growth and production of garlic. This research was conducted at the experimental field of the Indonesian Vegetable Research Institute situated at 1.300 m asl in Lembang – West Jawa – Indonesia from October 2018 until February 2019. The experiment was arranged in randomized block design, consisted of 6 treatments, and 3 replications. The treatments were: 1) no microbial consortium + no NPK fertilizer (negative control), 2) no microbial consortium + 50% NPK fertilizer, 3). no microbial consortium + 100% NPK recommendation, 4) application of microbial consortium + no NPK, 5) application of microbial consortium + 50% of NPK recommendation, and 6). Application of microbial consortium + 100% of NPK recommendation. The results showed that there was no significant effect of NPK fertilizer and the microbial consortium on the growth and production of garlic. However, the application of microbial consortium + 50% of NPK recommendation performed best on plant height and number of leaves, while application of microbial consortium only resulted in the best pseudostem growth and yield component of garlic.

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Runajak, Raviporn, Santi Chuetor, Wawat Rodiahwati, Malinee Sriariyanun, Prapakorn Tantayotai, and Somkiat Phornphisutthimas. "Analysis of Microbial Consortia with High Cellulolytic Activities for Cassava Pulp Degradation." E3S Web of Conferences 141 (2020): 03005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202014103005.

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Biogas production is one of the means to manage the cassava pulp waste obtained from the cassava processing plants. The success of the process is determined by the hydrolysis in an anaerobic digester. When the digester failure is found, the new microbial consortium inoculum is introduced to the system with the long period of set up time. This research aimed to construct the endemic microbial consortium by re-cultivating the cellulolytic microbial consortia obtained from cassava pulp and digester wastewater with the expected shorter set up time. Modifications of enrichment and re-cultivation methods by varying the nutrients, pH and temperature improved the enzymatic hydrolysis yields, as reducing sugars, of CMC, rice straw and cassava pulp substrates approximately 9, 3, and 13 times, respectively. To analyze the enzymatic activities of the selected microbial consortia, the cellulase enzyme was extracted, partially purified and analyzed on CMC-zymogram. The ~130 kDa-sized cellulase enzyme was identified with endocellulase activity, and it was considered as a relatively large molecular size molecule compared to most bacterial endocellulases. The selected microbial consortia were tested for their biomass degradation capacities, and the optimal operational condition was obtained at pH 7.0 and 30 °C. This optimal condition showed the proof of the concept that this re-cultivated consortium could be applied in on-site digester with high efficiency.

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K, Prasad. "Productivity and Quality of Horticultural Crop Capsicum (Capsicum Annum L) Through Co-Inoculation of Novel Microbial Consortium Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria, Glycoprotein Producing AM Fungi and Chemical Fertilizer under Low-Cost Protected Cultivation." Open Access Journal of Microbiology & Biotechnology 7, no. 2 (April 6, 2022): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/oajmb-16000223.

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Capsicum (Capsicum annum L.) is a common vegetable crop with a wide range of culinary utilization worldwide. In horticultural practices, inoculating the planting medium with a beneficial microbial consortium is a novel approach to cultivating highquality, healthy plants with abundant nutrition. In the following study, inoculation of a selected microbial consortium consisting of PGPR (Azotobacter, Pseudomonas, Fraturia, Azospirillum, and Bacillus spp.) and glycoprotein producing AM fungi (Aculospora logula-15%, Glomus fasciculatum-20%, Glomus intraradices-40%, Gigaspora margarita-15%, and Scutellospora heterogama-10%) was inoculated to the planting medium in beds to raise capsicum plants in a low cost protected cultivation. Plant height, stem girth, fruit weight, fruit diameter, number of fruits per plant, and weight of fruit per plant parameters to be considered in the study. Mycorrhizal root colonization, macro, and micronutrient uptake, and quality yield, were increased the most with multiple microbial inoculations. Treatments revealed that plants inoculated with the multiple microbial consortia increased substantially faster than plants treated with chemical fertilizer (100 % RDF) and control. Maximum yield (742.5 q ha-1) was recorded in treatment Absolute’s consortium PGPR+ AM Fungi along with maximum values of shelf life (7.10 DAS), TSS (Brix0 5.63), the number of fruit/plant (8.20), fruit length (8.5cm), fruit diameter (7. 81cm) and fruit weight (224g) as compared with control and other biological treatments. The best treatment with respect to projected yield was Absolute consortium PGPR + AM fungi followed by control. Based on the various growth and microbiological parameters studied, it was concluded that inoculation with the multiple microbial consortia (Absolute consortium PGPR+AM fungi) was beneficial for raising healthy, vigorously growing capsicum plants under low-cost protected conditions.

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De Angelis, Maria, Sonya Siragusa, Mirco Vacca, Raffaella Di Cagno, Fernanda Cristofori, Michael Schwarm, Stefan Pelzer, et al. "Selection of Gut-Resistant Bacteria and Construction of Microbial Consortia for Improving Gluten Digestion under Simulated Gastrointestinal Conditions." Nutrients 13, no. 3 (March 19, 2021): 992. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13030992.

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This work aimed to define the microbial consortia that are able to digest gluten into non-toxic and non-immunogenic peptides in the human gastrointestinal tract. Methods: 131 out of 504 tested Bacillus and lactic acid bacteria, specifically Bacillus (64), lactobacilli (63), Pediococcus (1), and Weissella (3), showed strong gastrointestinal resistance and were selected for their PepN, PepI, PepX, PepO, and PepP activities toward synthetic substrates. Based on multivariate analysis, 24 strains were clearly distinct from the other tested strains based on having the highest enzymatic activities. As estimated by RP-HPLC and nano-ESI–MS/MS, 6 cytoplasmic extracts out of 24 selected strains showed the ability to hydrolyze immunogenic epitopes, specifically 57–68 of α9-gliadin, 62–75 of A-gliadin, 134–153 of γ-gliadin, and 57–89 (33-mer) of α2-gliadin. Live and lysed cells of selected strains were combined into different microbial consortia for hydrolyzing gluten under gastrointestinal conditions. Commercial proteolytic enzymes (Aspergillusoryzae E1, Aspergillusniger E2, Bacillussubtilis Veron HPP, and Veron PS proteases) were also added to each microbial consortium. Consortium activity was evaluated by ELISA tests, RP-HPLC-nano-ESI–MS/MS, and duodenal explants from celiac disease patients. Results: two microbial consortia (Consortium 4: Lactiplantibacillus (Lp.) plantarum DSM33363 and DSM33364, Lacticaseibacillus (Lc.) paracasei DSM33373, Bacillussubtilis DSM33298, and Bacilluspumilus DSM33301; and Consortium 16: Lp. plantarum DSM33363 and DSM33364, Lc. paracasei DSM33373, Limosilactobacillusreuteri DSM33374, Bacillusmegaterium DSM33300, B.pumilus DSM33297 and DSM33355), containing commercial enzymes, were able to hydrolyze gluten to non-toxic and non-immunogenic peptides under gastrointestinal conditions. Conclusions: the results of this study provide evidence that selected microbial consortia could potentially improve the digestion of gluten in gluten-sensitive patients by hydrolyzing the immunogenic peptides during gastrointestinal digestion.

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Shalini, K., T. Prabhu, S. Shenbagavalli, A. Ramar, and J. Rajangam. "Effect of Various Organic Amendments on Growth of Ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) under Coconut Cropping System." International Journal of Plant & Soil Science 35, no. 19 (August 28, 2023): 842–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2023/v35i193618.

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Ginger is one of the most important spices which has been utilised for centuries as a food flavouring agent as well as a key ingredient in pharmaceutical products. Since organic food is considered to be healthy by the consumers, the demand for organic products are increasing and organic farming is gaining popularity worldwide. As ginger is a shade loving crop, it can be grown well under coconut ecosystem. Therefore, a study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of organic amendments on the growth and yield of ginger (IISR Varada) under coconut based cropping system. The results revealed that the maximum plant height (72.08 cm) was recorded in T8 - poultry manure + microbial consortium followed by T9 - goat manure + microbial consortium (71.86 cm), the number of leaves per plant were maximum (86.57) in the combined application of poultry manure and microbial consortium (T8) followed by T6 - FYM + microbial consortium (83.03), the largest leaf length (26.75 cm) was observed in T8 - poultry manure + microbial consortium followed by T9 - goat manure + microbial consortium (25.83 cm) and similarly, the largest leaf width was observed in T8 - poultry manure + microbial consortium (3.92 cm) followed by T9 - goat manure + microbial consortium (3.87 cm). The application of T8 - poultry manure + microbial consortium produced more number of tillers (9.48) followed by T6 - FYM + microbial consortium (9.23). Thus, the combined application of poultry manure and microbial consortium is considered as the best and effective organic amendment for ginger under coconut based cropping system.

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Haridas, Dhanya, Justin C. Biffinger, Thomas J. Boyd, Preston A. Fulmer, Leila J. Hamdan, and Lisa A. Fitzgerald. "Laboratory growth of denitrifying water column microbial consortia from deep-sea shipwrecks in the northern Gulf of Mexico." F1000Research 6 (October 13, 2017): 1834. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.12713.1.

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Background: Shipwrecks serve as a rich source for novel microbial populations that have largely remained undiscovered. Low temperatures, lack of sunlight, and the availability of substrates derived from the shipwreck’s hull and cargo may provide an environment in which microbes can develop unique metabolic adaptations. Methods: To test our hypothesis that shipwrecks could influence the microbial population involved in denitrification when a consortium is grown in the laboratory, we collected samples proximate to two steel shipwrecks in the northern Gulf of Mexico. Then under laboratory conditions, we grew two independent denitrifying microbial consortia. Each consortium was grown by using the BART assay system and analyzed based on growth kinetics, ion chromatography and 16S amplicon sequencing.Results: Both denitrifying consortia were different from each other based on varied growth profiles, rates of nitrate utilization and 16S amplicon sequencing.Conclusions: Our observations conclude that the laboratory grown water column microbial consortia from deep-sea shipwrecks in the Gulf of Mexico are able to undergo aggressive denitrification.

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Haridas, Dhanya, Justin C. Biffinger, Thomas J. Boyd, Preston A. Fulmer, Leila J. Hamdan, and Lisa A. Fitzgerald. "Laboratory growth of denitrifying water column microbial consortia from deep-sea shipwrecks in the northern Gulf of Mexico." F1000Research 6 (June 12, 2018): 1834. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.12713.2.

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Background: Shipwrecks serve as a rich source for novel microbial populations that have largely remained undiscovered. Low temperatures, lack of sunlight, and the availability of substrates derived from the shipwreck’s hull and cargo may provide an environment in which microbes can develop unique metabolic adaptations. Methods: To test our hypothesis that shipwrecks could influence the microbial population involved in denitrification when a consortium is grown in the laboratory, we collected samples proximate to two steel shipwrecks in the northern Gulf of Mexico. Then under laboratory conditions, we grew two independent denitrifying microbial consortia. Each consortium was grown by using the BART assay system and analyzed based on growth kinetics, ion chromatography and 16S amplicon sequencing.Results: Both denitrifying consortia were different from each other based on varied growth profiles, rates of nitrate utilization and 16S amplicon sequencing.Conclusions: Our observations conclude that the laboratory grown water column microbial consortia from deep-sea shipwrecks in the Gulf of Mexico are able to undergo aggressive denitrification.

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Haridas, Dhanya, Justin C. Biffinger, Thomas J. Boyd, Preston A. Fulmer, Leila J. Hamdan, and Lisa A. Fitzgerald. "Laboratory growth of denitrifying water column microbial consortia from deep-sea shipwrecks in the northern Gulf of Mexico." F1000Research 6 (August 6, 2018): 1834. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.12713.3.

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Background: Shipwrecks serve as a rich source for novel microbial populations that have largely remained undiscovered. Low temperatures, lack of sunlight, and the availability of substrates derived from the shipwreck’s hull and cargo may provide an environment in which microbes can develop unique metabolic adaptations. Methods: To test our hypothesis that shipwrecks could influence the microbial population involved in denitrification when a consortium is grown in the laboratory, we collected samples proximate to two steel shipwrecks in the northern Gulf of Mexico. Then under laboratory conditions, we grew two independent denitrifying microbial consortia. Each consortium was grown by using the BART assay system and analyzed based on growth kinetics, ion chromatography and 16S amplicon sequencing.Results: Both denitrifying consortia were different from each other based on varied growth profiles, rates of nitrate utilization and 16S amplicon sequencing.Conclusions: Our observations conclude that the laboratory grown water column microbial consortia from deep-sea shipwrecks in the Gulf of Mexico are able to undergo aggressive denitrification.

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Zhang, Ting, and Houjin Zhang. "Microbial Consortia Are Needed to Degrade Soil Pollutants." Microorganisms 10, no. 2 (January 24, 2022): 261. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10020261.

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Soil pollution is one of the most serious environmental problems globally due to the weak self-purification ability, long degradation time, and high cost of cleaning soil pollution. The pollutants in the soil can be transported into the human body through water or dust, causing adverse effects on human health. The latest research has shown that the clean-up of soil pollutants through microbial consortium is a very promising method. This review provides an in-depth discussion on the efficient removal, bio-adsorption, or carbonated precipitation of organic and inorganic pollutants by the microbial consortium, including PAHs, BPS, BPF, crude oil, pyrene, DBP, DOP, TPHP, PHs, butane, DON, TC, Mn, and Cd. In view of the good degradation ability of the consortium compared to single strains, six different synergistic mechanisms and corresponding microorganisms are summarized. The microbial consortium obtains such activities through enhancing synergistic degradation, reducing the accumulation of intermediate products, generating the crude enzyme, and self-regulating, etc. Furthermore, the degradation efficiency of pollutants can be greatly improved by adding chemical materials such as the surfactants Tween 20, Tween 80, and SDS. This review provides insightful information regarding the application of microbial consortia for soil pollutant removal.

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Su, Min, Marta Dell’Orto, Barbara Scaglia, Giuliana D’Imporzano, Alessia Bani, and Fabrizio Adani. "Growth Performance, Biochemical Composition and Nutrient Recovery Ability of Twelve Microalgae Consortia Isolated from Various Local Organic Wastes Grown on Nano-Filtered Pig Slurry." Molecules 27, no. 2 (January 10, 2022): 422. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27020422.

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This paper demonstrated the growth ability of twelve algae-microbial consortia (AC) isolated from organic wastes when a pig slurry-derived wastewater (NFP) was used as growth substrate in autotrophic cultivation. Nutrient recovery, biochemical composition, fatty acid and amino acid profiles of algae consortia were evaluated and compared. Three algae-microbial consortia, i.e., a Chlorella-dominated consortium (AC_1), a Tetradesmus and Synechocystis co-dominated consortium (AC_10), and a Chlorella and Tetradesmus co-dominated consortium (AC_12) were found to have the best growth rates (µ of 0.55 ± 0.04, 0.52 ± 0.06, and 0.58 ± 0.03 d−1, respectively), which made them good candidates for further applications. The ACs showed high carbohydrates and lipid contents but low contents of both proteins and essential amino acids, probably because of the low N concentration of NFP. AC_1 and AC_12 showed optimal ω6:ω3 ratios of 3.1 and 3.6, which make them interesting from a nutritional point of view.

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Lu, Jia-Hsun, Chuan Chen, Chihpin Huang, and Duu-Jong Lee. "Glucose fermentation with biochar-amended consortium: microbial consortium shift." Bioengineered 11, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 272–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21655979.2020.1735668.

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Kvasnová, Simona, Ľudmila Hamarová, and Peter Pristaš. "Zinc bioaccumulation by microbial consortium isolated from nickel smelter sludge disposal site." Nova Biotechnologica et Chimica 16, no. 1 (June 27, 2017): 48–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nbec-2017-0007.

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AbstractHeavy metal pollution is one of the most important environmental issues of today. Bioremediation by microorganisms is one of technologies extensively used for pollution treatment. In this study, we investigated the heavy metal resistance and zinc bioaccumulation by microbial consortium isolated from nickel sludge disposal site near Sereď (Slovakia). The composition of consortium was analyzed based on MALDI-TOF MS of cultivable bacteria and we have shown that the consortium was dominated by bacteria of genus Arthrobacter. While consortium showed very good growth in the zinc presence, it was able to remove only 15 % of zinc from liquid media. Selected members of consortia have shown lower growth rates in the zinc presence but selected isolates have shown much higher bioaccumulation abilities compared to whole consortium (up to 90 % of zinc removal for NH1 strain). Bioremediation is frequently accelerated through injection of native microbiota into a contaminated area. Based on data obtained in this study, we can conclude that careful selection of native microbiota could lead to the identification of bacteria with increased bioaccumulation abilities.

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Tam, N. F. Y., C. L. Guo, C. Yau, L. Ke, and Y. S. Wong. "Biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) by microbial consortia enriched from mangrove sediments." Water Science and Technology 48, no. 8 (November 1, 2003): 177–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2003.0467.

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Surface sediments from two mangrove swamps in Hong Kong were enriched to obtain PAH-degrading microbial consortia. The consortium from sediments enriched with phenanthrene (Phe) in Ma Wan, a mangrove swamp next to a boat anchorage, was effective in degrading PAH with 96.7% and 89.9% Phe degradation at 0 and 10 ppt salinities, respectively. The Phe-enriched microbial consortium could also use pyrene (Pyr) as the sole carbon source but the degradation was much less (around 15%). On the other hand, the Phe-enriched consortium from sediments in Yi O, a mangrove swamp recently polluted by an oil spill, completely removed Phe and Pyr at both 0 and 10 ppt salinities. This suggests that different consortia were selected in two sediments using the same PAH substrate. Not only sediments, PAH substrate used for enrichment also selected different consortia. The Pyr- and Fla-enriched Yi O consortia only achieved 10.5 and 4.5% Phe degradation, respectively and the corresponding pyrene degradation was 7 and 40%. Among the three PAH compounds, fluoranthene (Fla) was most difficult to degrade, and 21.1, 11.3, and 36.8% Fla were degraded by Phe-, Fla- and Pyr-enriched cultures, respectively.

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Balaban, Noa, Faina Gelman, Alicia A. Taylor, Sharon L. Walker, Anat Bernstein, and Zeev Ronen. "Degradation of Brominated Organic Compounds (Flame Retardants) by a Four-Strain Consortium Isolated from Contaminated Groundwater." Applied Sciences 11, no. 14 (July 6, 2021): 6263. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11146263.

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Biodegradation of pollutants in the environment is directly affected by microbial communities and pollutant mixture at the site. Lab experiments using bacterial consortia and substrate mixtures are required to increase our understanding of these processes in the environment. One of the deficiencies of working with environmental cultures is the inability to culture and identify the active strains while knowing they are representative of the original environment. In the present study, we tested the aerobic microbial degradation of two brominated flame retardants, tribromo-neopentyl alcohol (TBNPA) and dibromo neopentyl glycol (DBNPG), by an assembled bacterial consortium of four strains. The four strains were isolated and plate-cultured from a consortium enriched from the impacted groundwater underlying the Neot Hovav industrial area (Negev, Israel), in which TBNPA and DBNPG are abundant pollutants. Total degradation (3–7 days) occurred only when the four-strain consortium was incubated together (25 °C; pH −7.2) with an additional carbon source, as both compounds were not utilized as such. Bacterial growth was found to be the limiting factor. A dual carbon–bromine isotope analysis was used to corroborate the claim that the isolated strains were responsible for the degradation in the original enriched consortium, thus ensuring that the isolated four-strain microbial consortium is representative of the actual environmental enrichment.

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IRMAWATIE, LILIS, IDA ADVIANY, DICK DICK MAULANA, and WILDA AULA LAILA ZAKIYYA KHAIRI. "Pengujian Konsorsium Mikroba dalam Upaya Menekan Intensitas Penyakit Hawar Daun (Botrytis squamosa Walker.) pada Tanaman Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum L.)." Agrotrop : Journal on Agriculture Science 13, no. 2 (May 30, 2023): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/ajoas.2023.v13.i02.p01.

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Microbial Consortium Testing to Reduce the Intensity of Leaf Blight (Botrytis squamosa Walker.) on Shallots (Allium ascalonicum L.). Shallots (Allium ascalonicum L.) are a popular horticultural crop that has been grown for centuries. One of the diseases that target the leaves of the shallot plant is Botrytis squamosa Walker. A microbial community is being used to reduce the severity of the fungus Botrytis squamosa Walker's disease. The goal of this study was to see how the microbial consortium affected the severity of leaf blight on shallot plants. The shallot cultivar Batu Ijo was employed in this investigation. This study was carried out at Margaasih Village, Cicalengka District, Bandung Regency, from March to June 2022. The Randomized Block Design (RBD) approach was employed in this investigation, which included 5 treatments and 5 replications. Microbiological consortium package A, microbial consortium package B, microbial consortium package C, microbial consortium package D, and controls were utilized in the treatments. This observation yielded parameters such as attack intensity, plant height, number of tubers, and tuber weight. The results demonstrated that the package B microbial consortium, which included the microorganisms Trichoderma sp. and Gliocladium sp. could suppress the severity of leaf blight (Botrytis squamosa Walker.)

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Masurkar, Snehal, and Girish R. Pathade. "Microbial Consortia Preparation for Amylase, Protease, Gelatinase and Lipase Production from Isolates Obtained from Organic Kitchen Waste." Nature Environment and Pollution Technology 22, no. 2 (June 1, 2023): 997–1002. http://dx.doi.org/10.46488/nept.2023.v22i02.045.

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Households, restaurants, canteens, and hotel wastes constitute kitchen waste. Every day our growing cities generate more and more waste, which is overloading our municipal systems. The main aim of the present work was to prepare a microbial consortium that can effectively and rapidly bring about the degradation of kitchen wastes that can be used in agricultural soils. More than 100 different bacterial isolates were obtained from various kitchen waste dumping areas. The bacterial isolates were studied to produce enzymes like amylase, gelatinase, lipase, and protease on respective media plates. The best 20 isolates were subjected to enzyme quantification. The isolates showing maximum production for all four enzymes were selected for consortia preparation. The consortia of isolates were prepared by permutation combinations. Amongst all consortia prepared consortium No. 7 showed maximum enzymatic potential. The bacterial isolates in the best consortium (No. 7) were further characterized and identified as KW104 Serratia marcescens, KW37 Micrococcus luteus, KW128 Brevindimonas mediterranea, KW91 Bacillus tequilensis, and KW97 Exiguobacterium mexicanum. This consortium showed rapid degradation of waste as compared to others in 15 days duration of time showing good potential for compost formation when applied to plant growth.

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Zhang, Wen, Xueyan Ren, Qiong Lei, and Lei Wang. "Screening and Comparison of Lignin Degradation Microbial Consortia from Wooden Antiques." Molecules 26, no. 10 (May 12, 2021): 2862. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26102862.

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Lignin, which is a component of wood, is difficult to degrade in nature. However, serious decay caused by microbial consortia can happen to wooden antiques during the preservation process. This study successfully screened four microbial consortia with lignin degradation capabilities (J-1, J-6, J-8 and J-15) from decayed wooden antiques. Their compositions were identified by genomic sequencing, while the degradation products were analyzed by GC-MS. The lignin degradation efficiency of J-6 reached 54% after 48 h with an initial lignin concentration of 0.5 g/L at pH 4 and rotation speed of 200 rpm. The fungal consortium of J-6 contained Saccharomycetales (98.92%) and Ascomycota (0.56%), which accounted for 31% of the total biomass. The main bacteria in J-6 were Shinella sp. (47.38%), Cupriavidus sp. (29.84%), and Bosea sp. (7.96%). The strongest degradation performance of J-6 corresponded to its composition, where Saccharomycetales likely adapted to the system and improved lignin degradation enzymes activities, and the abundant bacterial consortium accelerated lignin decomposition. Our work demonstrated the potential utilization of microbial consortia via the synergy of microbial consortia, which may overcome the shortcomings of traditional lignin biodegradation when using a single strain, and the potential use of J-6 for lignin degradation/removal applications.

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Qiu, Tian Lei, Xiao Hong Sun, Xu Ming Wang, Mei Lin Han, Lei Cheng, and Yu Deng. "Bioaugmentation for Biomass Production at Low Temperature Using Enriched Psychroactive Methanogenic Consortia." Advanced Materials Research 183-185 (January 2011): 1472–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.183-185.1472.

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Biogas fermentation is always limited or affected at low temperature conditions, one of key factors may be physiological adaption of methanogenic communities to low temperature. Howerer, biogas process could be stimulated and enhanced with addition of enriched consortia. Here, six psychroactive methanogenic consortiums were enriched as additives, and consortium E-1 was found to be most effective at 150C. The total biogas production addition with E-1 improved 39.3 % and 17.0% from pig manure and cow manure, respectively, when decreasing from 210C to 150C, which is a potential microbial addition for biogas fermentation at low temperature.

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Zhang, Bi-zhou, Qinggeer Borjigin, Ju-lin Gao, Xiao-fang Yu, Shu-ping Hu, Fu-gui Wang, Xin Zhang, and Sheng-cai Han. "METAGENOMIC ANALYSIS OF MICROBIAL CONSORTIUM GF-20 IN CORN STOVER DEGRADATION AT LOW TEMPERATURE." Journal of Environmental Engineering and Landscape Management 31, no. 1 (March 15, 2023): 92–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/jeelm.2023.18489.

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In our previous work, a microbial consortium GF-20 (Qinggeer et al., 2016) was enriched from compost habitats and adapted to efficiently and stably degrade corn stover under low temperatures. While the main microorganism and degradation-related functions and degradation-related coding enzyme genes of GF-20 were not clear. Therefore, the current study used the metagenomic to decipher the systematic and functional contexts within such microbial consortium under low temperatures. The results showed that the dominant functional microbials in GF-20 consortium were bacteria. The dominant phylums in GF-20 consortium were Proteobacteria (62.84%) and Bacteroidetes (10.24%). The dominant genus was Pseudomonas (50.84%), followed by Dysgonomonas (5.86%), Achromobacter (4.94%), Stenotrophomonas (3.67%) and Flavobacterium (2.04%). The metabolism was mainly composed of carbohydrate metabolism and amino acid metabolism, and included signal transduction, cell transport and other metabolic modes. The functional genes encoded were mainly distributed in glycosidolytic enzyme genes, and the functional enzymes were β-glucosidase, acetyl-CoA, pyruvate dehydrogenase and galactosidase. The GF-20 microbial consortium degraded the cellulose in corn stover primarily by β-glucosidase and endoglucanase, which were produced by 12 genera of microorganisms. The hemicellulose synergistic effect was produced by 15 genera of microorganisms including xylanase, xyloglucanase, mannolanase and branching enzyme.

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Yundendorj, Khorloo, Seyeon Shin, Samg-Suk Lee, Kyoung-Ho Kang, and Hyung-Yeel Kahng. "Development and evaluation of a microbial agent capable of organic compounds degradation for bioremediation of nearshore wetland." Mongolian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 11, no. 2 (November 25, 2014): 146–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/mjas.v11i2.237.

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A microbial agent was developed for the bioremediation of near shore wetland using a microbial consortium composed of Rhodoccus sp. EBht1 and Pseudomonas sp. EBht3 for the industrial use of the microbial consortium as a bioremediation agent. Marine Broth (MB) medium used for growth of the consortium was modified with addition of new component or deletion of some components of the medium for the purpose of lowering the cost of production, resulting in the discovery of an optimized and modified MB medium. Using the optimized medium, the constructed microbial consortium was cultured in a large scale through batch and fed-batch culture method. A liquid microbial agent was made using the consortium cells produced in a large scale and it was evaluated for the removal of organic compounds. Furthermore, a powered microbial agent was also developed through the formulation process after freeze-drying of the consortium cells. The formulated microbial agent was evaluated for the removal of organic compounds under various environmental conditions and found to work an effective role as a bioremediation agent. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/mjas.v11i2.237 Mongolian Journal of Agricultural Sciences Vol.11(2) 2013 pp.146-149

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Yadav, Rita, and Archana Shrivastav. "Studies on Stability of a Six Membered Bacterial Consortium Degrading Amoxicillin." International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 12, no. 4 (April 10, 2023): 212–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2023.1204.024.

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A six member microbial consortium consisting of six amoxicillin-degrading strains of bacteria was developed and maintained in a fed-batch reactor by feeding 250 mg/l amoxicillin at 28 ± 3°C. The consortium could degrade 95% of 250 mg/l amoxicillin after 24 hours incubation with a biomass increase of 3.5 x 107 to 4.6 x 108 CFU ml/l. Characterization of the members revealed that it consisted of six bacterium Streptomyces Steonii, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus cereus, Pseudomonas putida, Klebisella pneumonae. Amoxicillin degradation by the mixed culture and Bacillus subtilis, an isolate from the consortium was compared using a range of amoxicillin concentrations (50 to 250 mg/l). The ability of a large membered microbial consortia to maintain its stability with respect to its composition and effectiveness in amoxicillin degradation indicated its suitability for bioremediation applications.

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L., Kharoune, Kharoune M., and Lebeault J. "Aerobic degradation of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol by a microbial consortium - selection and characterization of microbial consortium." Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 59, no. 1 (June 1, 2002): 112–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00253-002-0951-6.

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He, Fang, Aya Obara, Shi Long Wang, and Li Guo Wang. "Degradation Characteristics of a Microbial Consortium on Direct Fast Scarlet 4BS." Advanced Materials Research 518-523 (May 2012): 2464–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.518-523.2464.

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High-effective decolorization microbial consortium was isolated and selected by enrichment and optimizing combination decolorization experiments. The optimal microbial consortium consisting of a fungus P6 and a bacterium H5 could use Direct Fast Scarlet 4BS as sole source of carbon and energy. The microbial consortium showed a significant improvement on dye decolorization rate under shaking culture that might be attributed to the synergetic reaction of single strains. This study also examined the kinetics of 4BS decolorization by immobilized microbial consortium. The results demonstrated that the activity of microorganisms inside the immobilized beads can be increased remarkably and the dependence of specific decolorization rate on 4BS concentration could be described as a typical first-order reaction kinetic model. The changes of proliferation and distribution of microbial consortium in gel beads were microscopically observed, which could be used for analysis of decolorization mechanism of 4BS.

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Majumdar, B., A. R. Saha, S. Sarkar, S. K. Sarkar, S. P. Mazumdar, L. Chattopadhyay, and S. Barai. "An insight into the sequential changes in enzymatic activities during retting of jute (Corchorus spp. L.)." Journal of Environmental Biology 42, no. 3 (May 4, 2021): 636–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.22438/jeb/42/3/mrn-1604.

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Aim: To study the dynamics of enzymes involved in biochemical process of jute (Corchorus spp.) retting with and without microbial retting consortium. Methodology: Two large scale retting trials were conducted with and without microbial retting consortium in triplicate. The retting water samples were collected every day at 24 hrs interval from both the trials. Polygalcturonase (PG), pectin lyase (PNL) and xylanase activities along with the pH were measured from the collected retting water samples following standard procedure. Fibre quality parameters were also studied from the resultant fibre obtained from both the retting trials. Results: There was a sharp decrease in pH of retting liquor by 1.35 units and that of pectin lyase activity by 97.9 Uml-1 within 24 hrs of inoculation of microbial retting consortium. Thereafter, higher pectin lyase (123.1 Uml-1), polygalacturonase (3.56 Iuml-1) and xylanase (0.818 IUml-1) activities were recorded during middle stage of retting. The enzyme activities were lower and non-significant at last stage of retting (11-14 days). The completion of retting without microbial consortium took longer time due to lower enzymatic activities as compared to microbial consortium mediated retting. Interpretation: The PG, PNL and xylanase enzymes released by the microbial consortium during retting of jute helped in faster biodegradation of pectin and xylan compared to control retting. Hence, the pre retting treatment of jute with microbial consortium is suggested for quick retting.

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Siroli, Lorenzo, Barbara Giordani, Samantha Rossi, Davide Gottardi, Helena McMahon, Aleksandra Augustyniak, Abhay Menon, et al. "Antioxidant and Functional Features of Pre-Fermented Ingredients Obtained by the Fermentation of Milling By-Products." Fermentation 8, no. 12 (December 9, 2022): 722. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fermentation8120722.

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The use of milling by-products as ingredients in food formulations has increased gradually over the past years, due to their well-recognized health properties. Fermentation performed with selected microbial strains or microbial consortia is the most promising way to reduce antinutritional factors of cereals and bran, while increasing their nutritional and functional properties. This work, developed within the BBI project INGREEN, was aimed to study the functional, nutritional and technological features of a pre-fermented ingredient obtained from the fermentation of a mixture of rye bran and wheat germ by a selected microbial consortium composed of yeasts (Kazachstania unispora and Kazachstania servazii) and lactic acid bacteria (Latilactobacillus curvatus) using as reference the unfermented mixture and the same mixture fermented by a baker’s yeast. The selected microbial consortium improved the complexity of the volatile molecules such as acids, alcohols and esters. A better retention of color parameters was maintained compared to the product fermented by a baker’s yeast. In addition, the fermentation by the selected consortium showed a significant increase in short chain fatty acids (more than 5-fold), antioxidant activity (22–24%), total phenol content (53–71%), bioactive peptides (39–52%), a reduction of 20–28% in phytic acid content and an increase in prebiotic activity not only compared to the unfermented product but also compared to the preferment obtained with a baker’s yeast. Overall, the fermentation by the selected microbial consortium can be considered a valuable way to valorize milling by-products and promote their exploitation as food ingredients.

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Pas, Aris Aksarah, Didy Sopandie, Trikoesoemaningtyas Trikoesoemaningtyas, and Dwi Andreas Santosa. "EKSPLORASI KONSORSIUM MIKROB FILOSFER DAN RIZOSFER ASAL BERBAGAI EKOSISTEM DI KABUPATEN SIGI PROVINSI SULAWESI TENGAH." Jurnal Agrotech 8, no. 1 (June 30, 2018): 8–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.31970/agrotech.v8i1.12.

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Microbial consortium exploration in an ecosystem is a series of activities aimed at obtaining microb living in a consortium and beneficial to plant growth.The study aimed to obtain leaf and soil samples in various plants within an ecosystem, as a source of a consortium of microbial phyllosphere and rhizosphere to be tested for their effectiveness in increasing the growth and yield of rice crops. The method of determining the location is based on the method of transect sampling/line intersep plot design on an area of 5,196.02 km2. Site determination based on purposive sampling includes ecosystems: rice fields, gardens, pastures and forests.The results showed that, Sigi District has biodiversity in various ecosystems that have potential as source of consortium of microbial phyllosphere and rhizosphere. From the exploration results obtained a sample of 48 species of plants consisting of plants under the level of 30 species, 12 pile poles and 6 types of stakes. The results of the isolation of leaf and soil samples obtained 144 consortium of microbial phyllosphere and 48 consortium of microbial rhizosphere. The obtained consortium was then tested for its effectiveness on the growth and yield of rice crops in the next stage of the study

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Shafiei, Farhad, Mathew P. Watts, Lukas Pajank, and John W. Moreau. "The effect of heavy metals on thiocyanate biodegradation by an autotrophic microbial consortium enriched from mine tailings." Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 105, no. 1 (December 2, 2020): 417–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00253-020-10983-4.

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Abstract Bioremediation systems represent an environmentally sustainable approach to degrading industrially generated thiocyanate (SCN−), with low energy demand and operational costs and high efficiency and substrate specificity. However, heavy metals present in mine tailings effluent may hamper process efficiency by poisoning thiocyanate-degrading microbial consortia. Here, we experimentally tested the tolerance of an autotrophic SCN−-degrading bacterial consortium enriched from gold mine tailings for Zn, Cu, Ni, Cr, and As. All of the selected metals inhibited SCN− biodegradation to different extents, depending on concentration. At pH of 7.8 and 30 °C, complete inhibition of SCN− biodegradation by Zn, Cu, Ni, and Cr occurred at 20, 5, 10, and 6 mg L−1, respectively. Lower concentrations of these metals decreased the rate of SCN− biodegradation, with relatively long lag times. Interestingly, the microbial consortium tolerated As even at 500 mg L−1, although both the rate and extent of SCN− biodegradation were affected. Potentially, the observed As tolerance could be explained by the origin of our microbial consortium in tailings derived from As-enriched gold ore (arsenopyrite). This study highlights the importance of considering metal co-contamination in bioreactor design and operation for SCN− bioremediation at mine sites. Key points • Both the efficiency and rate of SCN−biodegradation were inhibited by heavy metals, to different degrees depending on type and concentration of metal. • The autotrophic microbial consortium was capable of tolerating high concentrations of As, potential having adapted to higher As levels derived from the tailings source.

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Nurdiani, Nurdiani, Dyah Iswantini, Novik Nurhidayat, Wulan Tri Wahyuni, and Agus Kartono. "Screening and Optimization Consortium Technique of the Bacillus megatherium and Saccharomyces cerevisiae Microbial Consortium for Ethanol Detection." Jurnal Kimia Valensi 9, no. 1 (June 2, 2023): 109–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/jkv.v9i1.31506.

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Determination of alcohol content is very important in the food and beverage industry. Biosensor is an alternative to measuring ethanol content. Alcohol biosensors with a single microbe still have a narrow measurement area at ethanol concentrations, so a microbial consortium is needed to widen the range of measured ethanol concentrations. Therefore, it is necessary to screen the microbes from Bacillus sp and S. cerevisiae which have the potential to produce alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) enzymes and optimize the consortium technique that can provide the best response to oxidation currents. In the yeast microbial screening of 14 S. cerevisiae isolates and 5 Bacillus sp isolates, it can be concluded that for the 14 yeast S. cerevisiae isolates that have the potential to produce ADH enzymes, there is one isolate with the SCRF code. For the 5 bacterial isolates of Bacillus sp that have the potential to produce ADH enzymes, all Bacillus isolates with the code Bacillus megatherium 29/9/14, Bacillus megatherium 23/6/22, Bacillus 6, Bacillus 53, and Bacillus 55. Based on the oxidation current data, Bacillus megatherium 23 /6/22 produces the highest current compared to other Bacillus isolates. The consortium technique that provides the highest current is the method of mixing 1:1 (µL) microbial suspension in an Eppendorf container. Optimization of the consortium's biofilms using the Response Surface Method was produced at 10 days of age, pH 7.5, and 75 µL of microbial suspension dripping volume.

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Mahilarasi, A., Kannaiyan Jaianand, K. Rameshkumar, Paulraj Balaji, and Veeramani Veeramanikandan. "Formulation of Effective Microbial Consortium and Its Application for Industrial Wastewater Treatment." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 9, no. 4-s (August 15, 2019): 111–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v9i4-s.3260.

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The present study was conducted for auto mobile industry, food industry and pharmaceutical industries waste water treatment using effective microbial consortium. The effective microorganisms like Acinetobacter pittii, Escherichia coli, Fictibacillus nanhaiensis, Lysinibacillus xylanilyticus and Planococcus maritimus were isolated from respective sources. The microbial consortium was formulated using molasses as medium at pH 3.8 and incubated at 37°C for 3 days. The results showed that the formulated consortium was efficient for industrial waste water treatment and thereby it reduced the environmental impact. Keywords: Bio-remediation, Microbial consortium, Industrial waste water, Heavy metals

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Sruthy, Kallinkal Sobha, Livleen Shukla, Aditi Kundu, Sandeep Kumar Singh, Hissah Abdulrahman Alodaini, Ashraf Atef Hatamleh, Gustavo Santoyo, and Ajay Kumar. "Effect of Microbial Consortium Constructed with Lignolytic Ascomycetes Fungi on Degradation of Rice Stubble." Journal of Fungi 9, no. 5 (May 13, 2023): 567. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof9050567.

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Microbial degradation is an effective, eco-friendly and sustainable approach for management of the rice residue. After harvesting a rice crop, removal of stubble from the ground is a challenging task, that forces the farmers to burn the residue in-situ. Therefore, accelerated degradation using an eco-friendly alternative is a necessity. White rot fungi are the most explored group of microbes for accelerated degradation of lignin but they are very slow in growth. The present investigation focuses on degradation of rice stubble using a fungal consortium constructed with highly sporulating ascomycetes fungi, namely, Aspergillus terreus, Aspergillus fumigatus and Alternaria spp. All three species were successful at colonizing the rice stubble. Periodical HPLC analysis of rice stubble alkali extracts revealed that incubation with ligninolytic consortium released various lignin degradation products such as vanillin, vanillic acid, coniferyl alcohol, syringic acid and ferulic acid. The efficiency of the consortium was further studied at different dosages on paddy straw. Maximum lignin degradation was observed when the consortium was applied at 15% volume by weight of rice stubble. Maximum activity of different lignolytic enzymes such as lignin peroxidase, laccase and total phenols was also found with the same treatment. FTIR analysis also supported the observed results. Hence, the presently developed consortium for degrading rice stubble was found to be effective in both laboratory and field conditions. The developed consortium or its oxidative enzymes can be used alone or combined with other commercial cellulolytic consortia to manage the accumulating rice stubble effectively.

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Santoyo, Gustavo, Paulina Guzmán-Guzmán, Fannie Isela Parra-Cota, Sergio de los Santos-Villalobos, Ma del Carmen Orozco-Mosqueda, and Bernard R. Glick. "Plant Growth Stimulation by Microbial Consortia." Agronomy 11, no. 2 (January 24, 2021): 219. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11020219.

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Plant-associated microorganisms play an important role in agricultural production. Although various studies have shown that single microorganisms can exert beneficial effects on plants, it is increasingly evident that when a microbial consortium—two or more interacting microorganisms—is involved, additive or synergistic results can be expected. This occurs, in part, due to the fact that multiple species can perform a variety of tasks in an ecosystem like the rhizosphere. Therefore, the beneficial mechanisms of plant growth stimulation (i.e., enhanced nutrient availability, phytohormone modulation, biocontrol, biotic and abiotic stress tolerance) exerted by different microbial players within the rhizosphere, such as plant-growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) and fungi (such as Trichoderma and Mycorrhizae), are reviewed. In addition, their interaction and beneficial activity are highlighted when they act as part of a consortium, mainly as mixtures of different species of PGPB, PGPB–Mycorrhizae, and PGPB–Trichoderma, under normal and diverse stress conditions. Finally, we propose the expansion of the use of different microbial consortia, as well as an increase in research on different mixtures of microorganisms that facilitate the best and most consistent results in the field.

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A. R, Jadhav. "Flower Waste Degradation Using Microbial Consortium." IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science 3, no. 5 (2013): 01–04. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/2380-0350104.

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Jha, Manindra, Sanjeet Chourasia, and Sonia Sinha. "Microbial Consortium for Sustainable Rice Production." Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems 37, no. 3 (March 2013): 340–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10440046.2012.672376.

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MAINTINGUER, S., B. FERNANDES, I. DUARTE, N. SAAVEDRA, M. ADORNO, and M. VARESCHE. "Fermentative hydrogen production by microbial consortium." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 33, no. 16 (August 2008): 4309–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2008.06.053.

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Sattar, Shehla, Samina Siddiqui, Asim Shahzad, Asghari Bano, Muhammad Naeem, Rahib Hussain, Naeem Khan, Basit Latief Jan, and Humaira Yasmin. "Comparative Analysis of Microbial Consortiums and Nanoparticles for Rehabilitating Petroleum Waste Contaminated Soils." Molecules 27, no. 6 (March 17, 2022): 1945. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27061945.

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Nano-bioremediation application is an ecologically and environmentally friendly technique to overcome the catastrophic situation in soil because of petroleum waste contamination. We evaluated the efficiency of oil-degrading bacterial consortium and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with or without fertilizer to remediate soils collected from petroleum waste contaminated oil fields. Physicochemical characteristics of control soil and petroleum contaminated soils were assessed. Four oil-degrading strains, namely Bacillus pumilus (KY010576), Exiguobacteriaum aurantiacum (KY010578), Lysinibacillus fusiformis (KY010586), and Pseudomonas putida (KX580766), were selected based on their in vitrohydrocarbon-degrading efficiency. In a lab experiment, contaminated soils were treated alone and with combined amendments of the bacterial consortium, AgNPs, and fertilizers (ammonium nitrate and diammonium phosphate). We detected the degradation rate of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) of the soil samples with GC-FID at different intervals of the incubation period (0, 5, 20, 60, 240 days). The bacterial population (CFU/g) was also monitored during the entire period of incubation. The results showed that 70% more TPH was degraded with a consortium with their sole application in 20 days of incubation. There was a positive correlation between TPH degradation and the 100-fold increase in bacterial population in contaminated soils. This study revealed that bacterial consortiums alone showed the maximum increase in the degradation of TPHs at 20 days. The application of nanoparticles and fertilizer has non-significant effects on the consortium degradation potential. Moreover, fertilizer alone or in combination with AgNPs and consortium slows the rate of degradation of TPHs over a short period. Still, it subsequently accelerates the rate of degradation of TPHs, and a negligible amount remains at the end of the incubation period.

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Cai, Jian, Xiwei Mo, Guojun Cheng, and Dongyun Du. "Pretreatment of piggery wastewater by a stable constructed microbial consortium for improving the methane production." Water Science and Technology 71, no. 5 (January 23, 2015): 769–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2015.017.

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A stable aerobic microbial consortium, established by successive subcultivation, was employed to solubilize the solid organic fraction in swine wastewater. In the 30 days' successive biological pretreatments, 30–38% of volatile solids and 19–28% total solids in raw slurry were solubilized after 10 hours at 37 °C. Meanwhile, soluble chemical oxygen demand (COD) and volatile fatty acid increased by 48%–56% and 600%–750%, respectively. Furthermore, the molecular microbial profile of the consortium in successive pretreatment was conducted by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). The results indicated that bacterial species of the consortium rapidly overgrew the indigenous microbial community of raw water, and showed a stable predominance at the long-term treatment. As a consequence of biological pretreatment, pretreatment shortened digestion time by 50% and increased biogas production by 45% compared to raw water in the anaerobic process. The microbial consortium constructed herein is a potential candidate consortium for biological pretreatment of swine wastewater to enhance biogas production.

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Schwalm, Nathan D., Wais Mojadedi, Elliot S. Gerlach, Marcus Benyamin, Matthew A. Perisin, and Katherine L. Akingbade. "Developing a Microbial Consortium for Enhanced Metabolite Production from Simulated Food Waste." Fermentation 5, no. 4 (November 27, 2019): 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fermentation5040098.

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Food waste disposal and transportation of commodity chemicals to the point-of-need are substantial challenges in military environments. Here, we propose addressing these challenges via the design of a microbial consortium for the fermentation of food waste to hydrogen. First, we simulated the exchange metabolic fluxes of monocultures and pairwise co-cultures using genome-scale metabolic models on a food waste proxy. We identified that one of the top hydrogen producing co-cultures comprised Clostridium beijerinckii NCIMB 8052 and Yokenella regensburgei ATCC 43003. A consortium of these two strains produced a similar amount of hydrogen gas and increased butyrate compared to the C. beijerinckii monoculture, when grown on an artificial garbage slurry. Increased butyrate production in the consortium can be attributed to cross-feeding of lactate produced by Y. regensburgei. Moreover, exogenous lactate promotes the growth of C. beijerinckii with or without a limited amount of glucose. Increasing the scale of the consortium fermentation proved challenging, as two distinct attempts to scale-up the enhanced butyrate production resulted in different metabolic profiles than observed in smaller scale fermentations. Though the genome-scale metabolic model simulations provided a useful starting point for the design of microbial consortia to generate value-added products from waste materials, further model refinements based on experimental results are required for more robust predictions.

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BOSTUBAEVA, Makpal B., Ainash P. NAUANOVA, and Rıdvan KIZILKAYA. "Influence of inoculating microbes on municipal sewage sludge composting." EURASIAN JOURNAL OF SOIL SCIENCE (EJSS) 11, no. 4 (October 1, 2022): 295–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.18393/ejss.1114772.

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The influence of Ilkompost and Micromix bacterial consortium inoculation during sewage sludge (SS) with wheat straw (WS) composting was assessed. The eﬀect of inoculation on compost quality parameters such as pH, temperature, nutrient contents and C/N, bacterial and fungal population were determined. Compared to the control treatment, the temperature of piles and population of microorganism increased after inoculated bacterial consortiums at the beginning of compost. But, WS addition did not effect on compost quality parameters and microbial population. Fungal and bacterial population, the peak temperature, or heating rate, of Micromix bacterial consortium based on Streptomyces pratensis, Bacillus mesentericus, Azotobacter chroococcum inoculated treatments was clearly higher than that of Ilkompost bacterial consortium based on Pediococcus pentosaceus, Streptomyces sindenensis, Bacillus megaterium inoculated treatments

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von Wintzingerode, Friedrich, Burkhard Selent, Werner Hegemann, and Ulf B. Göbel. "Phylogenetic Analysis of an Anaerobic, Trichlorobenzene-Transforming Microbial Consortium." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 65, no. 1 (January 1, 1999): 283–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.65.1.283-286.1999.

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ABSTRACT A culture-independent phylogenetic survey for an anaerobic trichlorobenzene-transforming microbial community was carried out. Small-subunit rRNA genes were PCR amplified from community DNA by using primers specific for Bacteria or Euryarchaeotaand were subsequently cloned. Application of a new hybridization-based screening approach revealed 51 bacterial clone families, one of which was closely related to dechlorinating Dehalobacter species. Several clone sequences clustered to rDNA sequences obtained from a molecular study of an anaerobic aquifer contaminated with hydrocarbons and chlorinated solvents (Dojka et al., Appl. Env. Microbiol. 64:3869–3877, 1998).

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Manheim, Derek, Yuen-Ming Cheung, and Sunny Jiang. "The Effect of Organic Carbon Addition on the Community Structure and Kinetics of Microcystin-Degrading Bacterial Consortia." Water 10, no. 11 (October 26, 2018): 1523. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w10111523.

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Microcystin (MC), a hepatotoxin that is associated with cyanobacterial blooms in freshwater lakes, threatens the quality of drinking water resources. Biodegradation of MC using biofiltration is emerging as a cost-effective solution for drinking water treatment. This study reports isolation of five MC-degrading microbial consortia and investigation of their community structure and kinetics in the presence or absence of a readily-bioavailable organic carbon source. The results indicated that the presence of a bioavailable organic carbon source caused: (1) the proliferation of community members previously unobserved in each consortium cultured without ethanol; (2) a shift in abundance of representative taxa; (3) a fluctuation in genera affiliated with MC-biodegradation; and, (4) a unique response in simulated diversity among consortia. These changes to each microbial consortium were paralleled by a significant decline in MC degradation kinetics. Overall, this study highlights the importance of integrating environmental conditions into the design and operation of biofiltration systems for MC biodegradation.

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Vardanyan, Narine S., Garegin G. Sevoyan, and Arevik K. Vardanyan. "Bioleaching of Tailings Resulting from Benefication of Polymetallic Ores for Recovery of Valuable Metals." Solid State Phenomena 262 (August 2017): 113–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.262.113.

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Concentrated tailings samples resulting from the benefication of polymetallic ores (Armenia) were exposed to bioleaching in order to recover non-ferrous and precious metals. Bioleaching of concentrated tailings samples was performed by the natural microbial consortium of drainage water. It was shown that the extent of extraction of metals from two samples of concentrated tailings by the natural microbial consortium reached 55, 56% and 63, 73% for copper and zinc, respectively. However, the application of the natural microbial consortium together with an iron- oxidizing Acidithiobacillus sp.13Zn resulted in an increase of extraction of metals from concentrated tailings to 70 - 93% for Cu and 75 - 90% for Zn. Thus, to increase the recovery of non-ferrous and precious metals, the use of a natural microbial consortium of drainage water combined with an iron- and sulfur- oxidizing Acidithiobacillus sp.13Znis proposed.

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Feng, Xue, Li Yuan Ma, Yan Deng, Ai Jia Chen, Kai Zou, Yi Li Liang, Guan Zhou Qiu, and Xue Duan Liu. "Different Leaching Efficiency and Microbial Community Structure Variation in Chalcopyrite Bioleaching Process Based on Different Initial Microbe Proportions." Advanced Materials Research 1130 (November 2015): 431–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1130.431.

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In order to investigate the effect of initial proportions of microorganisms on chalcopyrite leaching, six typical bioleaching strains were used to rebuild different co-culture systems. According to their different energy use types,Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidansDX2012 (ferrous and sulfur),Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidnasDX2012 (ferrous and sulfur),Leptospirillum ferriphilumDX12 (only ferrous),FerroplasmathermophilumL1 (only ferrous),Acidithiobacillus caldusDX2012 (only sulfur),Acidithiobacillus thiooxidansA01 (only sulfur) were classified to construct four groups(cells): a, 1:1:1:1:1:1; b, 10:10:1:1:1:1; c, 1:1:10:10:1:1; d, 1:1:1:1:10:10. The results showed that leachate pH of consortium a, d firstly began to decline until stabilized at 1.4. On day 9th, Eh of consortium d began to sharply rise and finally stabilized at 720 mV. Compared with consortium a, b and c, copper concentration of consortium d increased to the highest level of 6000mg/L. All the evidence suggests consortium d is the best combination which held the highest leaching rate of copper. Real-time quantification polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to analyze the population dynamics during all the bioleaching process. Final microbial community structure of four consortia was trended roughly the same and consortium d was first to reach final community structure on day 27th. It is concluded that bioleaching co-culture system containing a higher proportion of sulfur-oxidizing bacteria works more efficiently.

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Carpa, Rahela, Anca Butiuc-Keul, Cristina Dobrotă, and Vasile Muntean. "Molecular identification of diazotroph microbial consortia in mountain soil." Open Life Sciences 5, no. 5 (October 1, 2010): 664–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11535-010-0055-8.

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AbstractNitrogen fixing microbial consortia from soil samples taken from five altitudinal vegetation zones (alpine, subalpine, coniferous, beech, Maleia flood plain) of Parâng Massif, Romania, were isolated and identified. Molecular characterisation of nitrogen fixing consortia was carried out by PCR and nested PCR with 7 primer sets specific to nifH genes. All nifH genes are specific to nitrogen fixation and are found within phylogenetically related organisms which have the nitrogenase enzyme complex. These molecular studies allowed the assessment of nifH gene diversity within these nitrogen fixing microbial consortia from different type of soils. At high altitude, a consortium of nitrogen fixing bacteria dominated by Azotobacter chroococcum and Azospirillum brasilense was found. Clostridium, Rhizobiales, Herbaspirillum, Frankia species were also found in different rations depending on the altitudinal vegetation zone.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Microbial consortium'

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