Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Microbiologie industrielle'
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Deshayes, Christian. "Application des plans d'expérimentation pour l'optimisation de procédés en microbiologie industrielle." Aix-Marseille 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991AIX22020.
Full textLaulan, Pierre-Yves. "Traitement biologique d'effluents toxiques des industries agro-alimentaires : contribution à l'étude biochimique et microbiologique du métabolisme lipidique : application à l'étude de faisabilité de la fermentation méthanique de certains effluents des huileries." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987ECAP0062.
Full textMidelet, Graziella. "Etude des transferts microbiens par contact depuis des surfaces inertes vers un aliment : application à la situation industrielle des bandes convoyeuses utilisées dans l'industrie de la viande." Dijon, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002DIJOS020.
Full textLaborbe, Jean-Marie. "Valorisation microbiologique de sous-produits et d'excédents de l'industrie des corps gras : pâtes de neutralisation, huile de palme." Montpellier 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987MON13512.
Full textAlasri, Anouar. "Procédures microbiologiques de fabrication et de conditionnement des membranes d'ultrafiltration." Toulouse, INPT, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992INPT007G.
Full textRatomahenina, Robert. "Essai d'utilisation des levures dans l'industrie des corps gras." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37617899c.
Full textLoiseau, Gérard. "Obtention d'un marquage mitochondrial de levures oenologiques sélectionnées en Champagne : application au contrôle microbiologique en oenologie." Montpellier 2, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986MON20179.
Full textVeaux, Adeline. "Zones à atmosphère contrôlée et eau purifiée dans l'application de la maîtrise de la contamination." Paris 5, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA05P021.
Full textDubuis, Marie-Eve. "Exposition des travailleurs aux bioaérosols dans les usines de biométhanisation des matières organiques putrescibles." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27786.
Full textDelivery and handling of putrescible organic matter in biomethanization facilities produce bioaerosols, suspending microorganisms found in the raw matter, which may vary in nature and decomposition state. Workers in biomethanization facilities are exposed to these microorganisms, some of which may be harmful to their health. Nowadays, biomethanization is used as a method of waste processing and valorization. To our knowledge, there is no study mentioning the presence of bioaerosols in these emerging facilities in the Quebec province. Consequently, there is a need to study the air of biomethanization facilities to better understand its composition in microorganisms. Two facilities were visited once in summer and once in winter for a total of 4 visits. The goal was to consider the seasonal variation of working conditions. Stationary sampling was performed with six devices used for culture of airborne microorganisms and molecular analysis. Bacterial and fungal concentrations above the IRSST recommendations were observed. qPCR lead to the detection of some potentially pathogenic microorganisms, such as Saccharopolyspora rectivirgula, Legionella spp. and Mycobacterium spp. The endotoxin concentrations were below the recommended value. Finally, a better view of bacterial diversity was possible due to next-generation sequencing. Because biomethanization is an emerging waste treatment technology, this study brings a major contribution to the literature. It may also lead to recommendations for the protection of workers in this activity area.
Héduit, Alain. "Potentiel d'électrode de platine en épuration biologique." Paris 12, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA120014.
Full textHadjsassi, Abdessattar. "Sélection, optimisation des conditions de fermentation et particularités physiologiques d'une souche de Corynebacterium glutamicum productrice de Lysine." Compiègne, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989COMPDE81.
Full textGirard, Patrick. "La levure Phaffia rhodozyma, organisme modèle pour l'étude de la biosynthèse des isoprénoi͏̈des ; potentiel biotechnologique dans la production de caroténoi͏̈des." Poitiers, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996POIT2324.
Full textSabardine, Suzanne. "Suivi de la biocontamination des zones à atmosphère controlée en pharmacie hospitalière." Paris 5, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA05P057.
Full textHerbin, Sabine. "Activités antibactériennes produites par Carnobacterium piscicola CP5 : mise en évidence, production et caractérisation génétique." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998INPL051N.
Full textGlénat, Philippe. "Démétallisation biologique de résidus pétroliers lourds." Lyon 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LYO10052.
Full textFyferling, Mathias. "Transfert d'oxygène en condition de culture microbienne intensive." Toulouse, INSA, 2007. http://eprint.insa-toulouse.fr/archive/00000172/.
Full textThis work aims to quantify and model oxygen transfer in microbial cultures with an objective of intensification of bioprocess performances. Labworks in bioreactors are achieved in mineral media, free from biological reaction, then in fed-batch cultures of Escherichia coli, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Aspergillus niger. The fieldwork is original because of the high oxygen consumptions rates (0,6 g. L-1. H-1) and the high dissipated power (35 kW. M-3) used. The oxygen transfer coefficient is determined from continuous and dynamic methods, using several unstructured models, to take into account the profile of the dispersed gaseous flow, the gas entrained from the surface, and hold-up. Among the observations, in biological media, (i) values of the oxygen transfer coefficient KT are 5 to 10 times higher than values from the literature on oxygen transfer, (ii) compared with the initial medium prior to inoculation, KT and KL (the oxygen transfer conductance) are 4 to 6 times smaller. Effects of microbial activity on oxygen transfer are characterised and quantified according to enhancements factors related to chemical modifications of the medium, oxygen consumption, and physical presence of cells. Limits of mass transfer models in intensive microbial cultures are discussed and new areas of investigation are proposed
Jivkova, Desislava. "Exopolymère de Ramlibacter tataouinensis : optimisation de sa production , caractérisation biochimique et génétique." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0220.
Full textBacterial exopolysaccharides (EPS) can have a high added value when used as water retention agents in cosmetology. This work was focused on the EPS of Ramlibacter tataouinensis TTB310 (Rta). Rta, isolated from a semi-arid soil, has a special cell cycle with mobile rods sensitive to desiccation and non-mobile cysts producing an EPS allowing it to tolerate desiccation. EPS production and bacterial growth were optimized by : choosing lactate as a source of C and energy, maintaining the pH during the growth with lactic acid, increasing the concentrations of the other substrates, and additionning of micro- and macro elements. Thus sufficient amounts of EPS have been obtained. An extraction of EPS firmly attached to the bacteria surface using trichloroacetic acid was developed and optimized. The biochemical characterization of Rta EPS was performed by combining different techniques : CPG, FTICR-MS, RMN and FTIR. The repeated unit of Rta EPS is a decasaccharide consisting of ribose, glucose, galactose, mannose, rhamnose, glucuronic acid, deoxyhexose and with substituents such as acetyl, succinyl and methyl. Finally, thanks to the availability of the fully sequenced Rta genome, the gene cluster involved in the production of EPS has been identified, through molecular biology and imaging approaches. The elucidation of the structure of Rta EPS makes possible the future development of the physico-chemical modifications necessary for its solubilization in order to study its rheological properties
Haddadin, Jamal. "Études microbiologiques et cinétiques de la lixiviation bactérienne en réacteurs : effet de différents paramètres physico-chimiques, développement d'un procédé en réacteurs air-lift et lit-fluidisé et application à l'extraction de l'antimoine." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995INPL063N.
Full textDuverger, Stéphane. "Détergents industriels : étude particulière de D. B. A. 33." Paris 5, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA05P266.
Full textNezondet, Catherine. "Contribution à l'optimisation d'un procédé de sur-production de glutamine par Corynebacterium glutamicum par une approche intégrée : physiologie, nutrition et génie microbien." Toulouse, INSA, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992ISAT0038.
Full textZappelini, Cyril. "Étude des communautés microbiennes rhizosphériques de ligneux indigènes de sols anthropogéniques, issus d’effluents industriels." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018UBFCD057/document.
Full textAbstractMy thesis subject includes one of the global projects of the UMR UFC/CNRS 6249 Chrono-Environnement entitled "phytoremediation strategies based on the use of trees and associated microorganisms", which is based, among other things, on 2 research projects:• the PROLIPHYT project (Eco-Industry programme, 2013-2018, ADEME) entitled "Production of woody phytoremediants",• the PHYTOCHEM project (ANR CD2i, 2013-2018) entitled "Development of eco-innovative chemical processes to exploit biomasses from phytotechnologies".The general objectives are to improve the phytoremediation potential of a panel of woody species and to develop the microbial potential for assisted phytoremediation on contaminated soil. In addition to limiting the impact of pollutants, this strategy aims to promote the production of biomass on land abandoned and not exploitable by agriculture, while ensuring the biodiversity needed to restore an anthropogenic ecosystem.My thesis work is financed through a ministerial doctoral contract for disability (dyslexia). It is based on the rehabilitation of two industrial sediment storage areas, used until the 2000s. These two experimental sites (INOVYN site of Saint-Symphorien-sur-Saône in Côte-d'Or, CRISTAL site of Ochsenfeld in Alsace) present very particular physico-chemical characteristics which make them privileged places of study. The first is a former settling lagoon whose sediments enriched in Hg, Ba and As come from the treatment of wastewater from SOLVAY's Hg electrolysis process. The second is a lagoon consisting of a backfill in which the titanium dioxide extraction residues from the CRISTAL Thann Plant have been stored since the 1930s. In contrast to the first experimental site, there is a low abundance of flora which results in heterogeneous development of a main woody species, the birch.The natural and spontaneous recolonisation of plants, more particularly woody species on both sites, is undoubtedly the result of close collaboration with telluric microorganisms located near their root systems. We have thus chosen to work on 3 pioneer species that have naturally relocated to the two study sites: willow and poplar for the industrial wasteland of Tavaux and birch for the effluent treatment unit at the Ochsenfeld site
Le, Bris Didier. "Élaboration d'un module de focalisation automatique pour l'intégration d'un capteur de vision en microscopie epifluorescente dans un contexte industriel." Nancy 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991NAN10018.
Full textParis, David. "Étude microbiologique des boues activées d'un site papetier et biodégradabilité des résidus organiques des eaux épurées." Lille 1, 1999. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1999/50376-1999-37.pdf.
Full textBerthout, Guillaume. "Développement industriel d'une plate-forme prototype : applications au traitement de surfaces et à la stérilisation par plasmas froids." Orléans, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002ORLE2062.
Full textMukhamediyarova, Akerke. "Microbiological Enhanced Oil Recovery : Model of Kinematic Waves and Asymptotic Analysis." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LORR0301.
Full textOne of the strategic objectives of the modern oil industry is the efficient development of high-viscosity oil reserves, which are characterized by low mobility leading to a sharp decline in the oil recovery factor. The development of such reservoirs by traditional methods (natural drives, waterflooding etc.) is frequently not efficient. The alternative is an application of active recovery methods, in other words, enhanced oil recovery methods. In this thesis we analyze the problems of modelling the displacement of oil by water in presence of bacteria producing some active chemicals that change favorably the properties of oil and water. More strictly, we analyze the bacteria producing biosurfactant that reduces the negative effects of capillary oil trapping in porous media. Such a problem makes part of the general theory of multiphase multicomponent partially miscible flow with chemical reactions, coupled with the dynamics of population. The general mathematical model of the process is presented, which is reduced next to the model of kinematic waves, due to several admissible simplifications. More exactly, we have obtained the system of five nonlinear partial differential equations of the first order, which can have discontinuous solutions. Such a system can be studied only numerically in the general case. However, we have shown that for a particular case this model can be completely analyzed qualitatively. For such an analysis, we have introduced the concept of weak bioreactivity. It corresponds to the asymptotic behavior of the general model as the rate of bacterial kinetics tends to zero. Applying the technique of asymptotic expansions, we have obtained the semi-analytical solution to the displacement problem. In particular, this offered us the possibility to detect the discontinuities (chocks) of various types and to analyze exactly their structure. The general case of arbitrary kinetic rate was studied numerically, by using the code COMSOL MULTIPHYSICS. We analyzed the impact of the microbial growth rate, microbial and nutrient concentrations, the form of kinetic functions and the viscosity ratio on the oil recovery. In the last chapter, we simulated a field case for a Kazakhstani oil field. The main and unique tool of studying MEOR was the numerical analysis, whilst analytical solutions were missing. The semi-analytical solutions we have obtained fill this gap. They represent exact results that could be used to check the validity of various numerical schemes and codes
Falcoz-Vigne, Léa. "Caractérisation et modélisation des interactions cellulose - hémicelluloses au sein des microfibrilles de cellulose (MFC)." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAV091/document.
Full textThe study was motivated by the necessity to reduce the high energy costs of Micro-Fibrillated Cellulose (MFC) production, which is a limiting factor for its industrial development and aimed at understanding the cellulose/hemicelluloses interaction within this system. MFC resulting from different chemical pulps were characterized by solid-state NMR spectroscopy to get information on the hemicelluloses content and molecular conformation. By optimizing an extraction protocol, more than 60% of the residual hemicelluloses were extracted from birch kraft MFC and characterized as a high purity homopolymer of β-1,4 linked xylan of DP 75.Turbidimetry was used to qualify the quality of the suspensions, which strongly depended on the pulping and drying history. Positive correlations between the state of dispersion, specific surface and mechanical properties of MFC-reinforced handsheets were evidenced.Cellulose/xylan interactions were investigated using solid-state NMR and atomistic molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. NMR spectra confirmed that xylan in contact with cellulose altered its conformation, from the three-fold helix to a presumable cellulose-like two-fold one. In combination with specific surface area measurements, the conformational change was shown to happen only for the first layer of xylan adsorbed in direct interaction with the cellulose surface. MD simulations showed that adsorbed xylan tends to align parallel to the cellulose chain direction fully extended. Interaction energy between xylan chain and cellulose surface estimated with MD was 9kJ/xylose. Then a three-layers system made of xylan between two cellulose films were built to perform adhesion tests that showed strong adhesion between xylan and cellulose surfaces. Xylanase was proposed as a pulp pretreatment for MFC production
Nguyen, Bao Loc. "Etude du potentiel d'adaptation et/ou de la destruction de microorganismes contaminants des environnements industriels par la technologie athermique de lumière pulsée." Rouen, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ROUES023.
Full textLouesdon, Séverine. "Amélioration de la stabilité biologique de bactéries lactiques et bifidobactéries lyophilisées et caractérisation des réponses physiologiques associées." Thesis, Paris, AgroParisTech, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AGPT0034.
Full textIndustrial starter’s production requires a stabilization step that affects the quality of the cells. This phenomenon is closely linked to the used species and strains, and depends on the procedures applied during the production process. In this context, this thesis aims at improving the performances of Lactobacillus buchneri R1102 and Bifidobacterium longum R0175 during freeze-drying and storage, and to identify the corresponding physiological responses.In the first part of this work, the effect of the harvesting time on membrane characteristics and industrial performances of Lb. buchneri R1102 and B. longum R0175 has been analyzed. Harvesting the cells in stationary phase led to a better tolerance during freezing of B. longum R0175 but did not allow the maintenance of elevated acidification activity for Lb. buchneri R1102. These results have been related to a rigidification of the membrane and to an increase of the proportion of saturated and cyclic fatty acids in cellular membranes of cells recovered in stationary growth phase.In a second step, cells of Lb. buchneri R1102 have been submitted to different conditions of osmotic stress in order to improve their performances. An osmotic stress with 0.1 M KCl increased the cells survival during freeze-drying, without changing their membrane characteristics. In addition, adding 0.6 M KCl in the beginning of the fermentation improved the survival during storage on freeze-dried form. This phenomenon was explained by a rigidification of the membrane that was linked to an increase of cyclic fatty acids content and intracellular betaine concentration.The third part was devoted to the study of the effect of various gaseous atmospheres during the cultures, on the physiological state and the performances of Lb. buchneri R1102 and B. longum R0175. For Lb. buchneri R1102, aeration (air at 1.2 vvm) significantly accelerated the growth and the final cell concentration by increasing membrane fluidity and by directing metabolic flux towards acetate production. Conversely, adding nitrogen or the gas mixture N2H2 delayed the fermentations by decreasing redox potential. Lastly, injecting different gases (air, N2, N2H2) decreased acidification activity Lb. buchneri R1102 but increased its survival during storage, as a result of modifications of fatty acids composition and proteins synthesis. For B. longum R0175, a higher cell concentration was obtained when the culture medium was bubbled with N2 or N2CO2 at the beginning of the fermentation. In addition, acidification activity of these starters was well maintained for all tested conditions, which was linked to an increase of unsaturated and cyclic fatty acids proportion, but without any change in membrane fluidity. Lastly, a better cell survival was obtained for cells grown with N2CO2 all along the fermentation.Finally, this work is concluded finish with the validation, at pilot scale, of the conditions leading to an improvement of the biological stability of freeze-dried starters, while maintaining their performances during fermentation
Amillastre, Emilie. "Amélioration de la robustesse de souches de levures aux stress technologiques par une stratégie de génie microbiologique : Application à la production industrielle de bio-éthanol à partir de matières premières agricoles." Thesis, Toulouse, INSA, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ISAT0058/document.
Full textUnder industrial constraints, microorganisms are exposed to various stresses, due to their cultivation in large scale bioreactor, altering their viability and the performances of bioprocesses. Fluctuations in physico-chemical parameters (temperature, pH, ...) are responsible for this reduction in fermentation efficiency. This Ph.D project intends to improve the robustness of an industrial ethanol producer Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain under heat stress, in order to improve its industrial production of bio-ethanol under temperature fluctuating environment. The strategy of this project is to obtain a mutant more tolerant than the wild type strain to heat stress, possessing a lower death rate. An original continuous culture reactor has been designed, coupling UV mutagenesis (generating genetic modifications) and selection pressure (temperature) to select the most robust variant. A phenomenological model was proposed to simulate microbial kinetics based on the monitoring strategy of the chemostat and to optimize the operating conditions necessary for the generation of variants. This dynamic model involves the impact of the temperature on the kinetics of growth, cell death and ethanol production in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. These kinetics were experimentally quantified as a function of the temperature and the UV treatment. Continuous cultures were carried out under the simulated conditions and some variants were characterized in very high ethanol performance fermentations in terms of growth, death and production performances. This strategy allowed us to select a variant possessing a better thermal robustness characterized by a lower death rate than the wild type strain under heat stress. However, the reduction of the death rate did not translate into better ethanol production performances
Pau-Roblot, Corinne. "Etude structurale par RMN de polysaccharides excrétés par des souches de Rhizobium meliloti." Amiens, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996AMIE0103.
Full textRinaldo, Sandro. "Etude et devenir de la pollution d'une nappe alluviale par des solvants chloréss sur des sites industriels historiques en activités." Paris 6, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA066120.
Full textThis thesis focused on pollution by chlorinated solvents of alluvial systems. Chlorinated solvents have physicochemical characteristics that make their environmental evolution complicated. Two industrial sites, sill in activity, with a chlorinated solvents pollution problem are treated with a multidisciplinary approach. This approach can be summarized in four points : I) a summary of information and studies available at the beginning of the thesis ; II) a detailed analysis of the spatial and temporal variation of concentrations in the studied area ; III) further studies and works to better characterize the functioning of the aquifer system and pollution, in particular, in situ groundwater flow studies (multitracer) and field-laboratory studies of biodegradation of solvents and its possible stimulation by appropriate compounds ; IV) proposals for analysis and further action. This approach help us to define, for each site, a more detailed conceptual model of environmental (physical and biological) functioning and to make a first quantification of the processes that regulate the dissolved COHV becoming in space and time. Our results indicate that, in these two sites, the stimulation of the biodegradation activity of solvents, naturally occurring, could be an effective method for remediation of pollutions. This thesis demonstrates the need for a multidisciplinary approach to planning an appropriate method of treatment of such pollution
Boulant, Erika. "Utilisation des pompes d'efflux dans l'ingénierie de la tolérance chez Deinococcus geothermalis." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0764.
Full textThe objective of this thesis was to develop a strategy for detoxifying the amount of an intracellular compound by allowing its exit from the cell through the use of an efflux system.The host chosen for this study is a new model organism, Deinococcus geothermalis. We used efflux pumps as biological tools to allow the release of a compound that became toxic intracellularly. To do this, we first inserted by homologous recombination a selection of genes encoding heterologous efflux pumps into the D. geothermalis chromosome. Then the second step was to determine the susceptibility of the recombinants obtained to high value-added compounds. A number of recombinants with higher resistance than the wild multi-compound strain were then selected. The next step was to verify that the observed resistance gain was indeed due to the insertion of a functional efflux pump into the bacterial shell. To do this, efflux tests using a fluorescent marker, Hoechst compound 33342 or with a fluorescent antibiotic were performed. We were able to obtain proof of concept that a gene encoding a heterologous efflux pump could lead to the expression of a functional protein in D. geothermalis and that this membrane protein allowed the intracellular amount of a given compound to be decreased
Nacef, Mohamed Menouar. "Maroilles fermiers et industriels : quelles sont les différences ? : Une approche pluridisciplinaire allant du consommateur aux caractérisations sensorielles, physico-chimiques et microbiologiques." Thesis, Lille 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIL1R077.
Full textToday, the consumer is looking for qualitative authentic products. These quality standards are embodied by traditional, “de terroir” or craft products. Among these products, cheese is a valuable food of the French culinary history. In this context, this thesis focused on the study of an AOP cheese: the Maroilles. A multidisciplinary approach (sensory, physicochemical and microbiological analyses) was conducted with the objective of characterizing artisanal (raw milk-based) and industrial Maroilles (pasteurized milk-based). Sensory analyses revealed that consumers were able to perceive differences between these two types of Maroilles. These differences in perception could be explained by physicochemical (composition, texture, color) and microbiological analyses. In addition, the quality of Maroilles in terms of hedonic appreciations and sensory descriptions can be predicted from instrumental measurements, in particular the fatty acid composition. Concomitantly, the quality of Maroilles perceived by the consumer is strongly dependent on the consumer's familiarity with this product. A consumer study, carried out in two cities in France (Lille, the region of origin of Maroilles and Angers outside the Maroilles production region) showed that Maroilles' familiarity in terms of consumption frequency and knowledge influences the appreciation and consumer attitudes. In addition, the familiarity changes the representations that consumers make of artisanal Maroilles. Maroilles is a cheese that keeps its authenticity and its typicality by its inter-product variability, which constitutes a wealth and a variety of choices for consumers
Nacef, Mohamed Menouar. "Maroilles fermiers et industriels : quelles sont les différences ? : Une approche pluridisciplinaire allant du consommateur aux caractérisations sensorielles, physico-chimiques et microbiologiques." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2018-2021), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LILUR077.
Full textToday, the consumer is looking for qualitative authentic products. These quality standards are embodied by traditional, “de terroir” or craft products. Among these products, cheese is a valuable food of the French culinary history. In this context, this thesis focused on the study of an AOP cheese: the Maroilles. A multidisciplinary approach (sensory, physicochemical and microbiological analyses) was conducted with the objective of characterizing artisanal (raw milk-based) and industrial Maroilles (pasteurized milk-based). Sensory analyses revealed that consumers were able to perceive differences between these two types of Maroilles. These differences in perception could be explained by physicochemical (composition, texture, color) and microbiological analyses. In addition, the quality of Maroilles in terms of hedonic appreciations and sensory descriptions can be predicted from instrumental measurements, in particular the fatty acid composition. Concomitantly, the quality of Maroilles perceived by the consumer is strongly dependent on the consumer's familiarity with this product. A consumer study, carried out in two cities in France (Lille, the region of origin of Maroilles and Angers outside the Maroilles production region) showed that Maroilles' familiarity in terms of consumption frequency and knowledge influences the appreciation and consumer attitudes. In addition, the familiarity changes the representations that consumers make of artisanal Maroilles. Maroilles is a cheese that keeps its authenticity and its typicality by its inter-product variability, which constitutes a wealth and a variety of choices for consumers
Tauveron, Grégoire. "Propriétés de surface des spores de Bacillus cereus et capacité de contamination des équipements agro-industriels : influence des conditions environnementales." Compiègne, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006COMP1650.
Full textBacillus cereus, responsible for food toxi-infections, frequently contaminates heated-processed foods. Indeed, beyond its resistance to heat and chemical treatment, the B. Cereus spore possesses a strong capacity to adhere to inert materials such as steel and therefore may be considered as a major food contamination risk. Mastery of equipment hygiene requires a deeper knowledge of factors which influence B. Cereus spores' adhesion capacity and their resistance to cleaning techniques. The adhesion of micro-organisms is linked to their surface properties, which may vary according to the environmental conditions they encounter. Ln the course of this study, we reveal a wide variability in surface properties (morphology, hydrophobia, surface protein content) from one spore strain to another. These differences are associated with a significant variability in each strain's capacity to adhere to steel and in its resistance to cleaning-in-place (CIP). Close examination of these data has shown that the longer their appendages, the stronger the spores' adhesion, whereas resistance to cleaning-in-place is inversely proportional to the size of the exosporia. The use of mutants (from B. Cereus and B. Anthracis) allowed us to show that brush-like exosporial filaments (made up of BclA) inhibit resistance to cleaning. An absence of the ExsY protein stops the exosporium from developing and leads to a consequent decrease in adhesion and an increase in resistance to cleaning. Thus, surface contamination risk is higher for strains with long appendages and small exosporia. Furthermore, spores' surface properties are affected by the conditions encountered by the bacteria. We have studied the influence of conditions likely to be encountered by spores in the agro-food industry. Sporulation at high temperature and sporulation in a liquid environment respectively affect the exosporium's size and integrity and result in lesser adhesion. Ln addition, the application of hydrodynamic conditions close to those encountered in the agro-food industry, induces greater or lesser damage to the exosporia according to the conditions in which they sporulated. This damage leads to a decrease in spore adhesion coupled with an increase in their resistance to eleaning. These behavioural differences must therefore be taken into account in analytical procedures applied in the determination of risk associated with the presence of B. Cereus
Constantin, Hervé. "La biodénitrification d'un effluent industriel fortement chargé : études cinétiques, conception d'un réacteur à lit fluidisé, et modélisation." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1995. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_1995_CONSTANTIN_H.pdf.
Full textTulfahi-Ebido, Ahlam. "Contribution à l'étude de la production de cyclodextrine-glycosyl-transférases par des souches alcalophiles." Compiègne, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993COMPD667.
Full textBetelli, Laetitia. "Développement et évaluation d'une méthode fondée sur la PCR temps réel pour la caractérisation des bioaérosols : application au groupe des actinomycètes." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00935647.
Full textColombini, Gabin. "Étude multi-échelle des interactions saprophages-matières organiques et de leurs implications dans le fonctionnement des humipedons de Technosols : approche fondamentale vers l’ingénierie écologique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LORR0277.
Full textIn a context of soil degradation and erosion of biodiversity resulting from anthropogenic activities, understanding the role of edaphic fauna in the functioning of humipedons is of growing interest. The development of reclamation strategies on anthropized soils, based on the concepts of ecological engineering, could be based on the actions of transformation of organic matter carried out by saprophagous organisms. The objective of this thesis was (i) to characterize the ecological functions performed by saprophagous organisms through the production of biostructures on anthropized soils and (ii) to assess their potential for the reclamation of brownfields Technosols. To do so, an integrative approach, based on the changes of spatial scale, was carried out on an industrial brownfield of interest. First, it was demonstrated that Technosols physicochemical characteristics can represent an abiotic filter limiting the colonization of edaphic fauna, especially highlighted by the absence of anecic and endogeic earthworms in Technosols. Secondly, at the scale of the humipedon, the results showed that the dynamics of organic matter formed by vegetation also depends on the nature of the substrate used during the rehabilitation of the brownfield. Indeed, under the action of epigeic saprophagous arthropods, a series of ectorganic horizons, similar to the ones of a Moder, developed on the technogenic horizon of Technosols. The term "Techno-moder" has thus been proposed to describe this new humus form. The chemical and ultrastructural features of the Techno-moder zOH horizon, made up of biostructures produced by saprophagous, also confirmed this classification proposal. Finally, feces produced by the saprophagous isopod Porcellio scaber, studied under controlled conditions, allowed to demonstrate that their physicochemical characteristics depend on the Technosol substrate and on organic matter chemical features. In agreement with the conclusions at the humipedon scale, it seems that feces traits produced by the epigeic saprophagous arthropods are an intrinsic characteristic of the ecosystem, which results from the Technosols humipedons composition. The development of Technosols reclamation strategies using coupled inoculation of saprophagous and organic matter could thus improve Technosols humipedons physicochemical characteristics while requiring the specific interactions of organisms with the substrate to be taken into account
Tournesac, Catherine. "Mise en évidence d'une enzyme d'oxydation de la lignine chez un pseudomonas." Grenoble 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986GRE10110.
Full textIraqi, Housseini Abdel Ilah. "Recherches sur la lutte biologique contre fomes lignosus (K1. ) Bres. , parasite de l'hevea, par utilisation de champignons antagonistes." Nancy 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NAN10087.
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