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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Microbiology assay

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Academic literature on the topic 'Microbiology assay'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 14 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Microbiology assay"

1

Dekker, John P. "Molecular Assay Validation Using Genomic Sequence Databases." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 54, no. 12 (October 12, 2016): 2854–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.01797-16.

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Whole-genome sequence databases offer newin silicoapproaches for designing and validating PCR assays in the clinical microbiology laboratory. An article in this issue of theJournal of Clinical Microbiology(M. J. Jansen van Rensburg, C. Swift, A. J. Cody, C. Jenkins, and M. C. J. Maiden, J Clin Microbiol, 54:2882–2890, 2016,http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JCM.01522-16) demonstrates the use of publicly available genomic sequence data to evaluate a PCR assay for distinguishingCampylobacterspecies.

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Ratnam, Samuel, Graham Tipples, Carol Head, Micheline Fauvel, Margaret Fearon, and Brian J. Ward. "Performance of Indirect Immunoglobulin M (IgM) Serology Tests and IgM Capture Assays for Laboratory Diagnosis of Measles." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 38, no. 1 (January 2000): 99–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.38.1.99-104.2000.

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ABSTRACT As progress is made toward elimination of measles, the laboratory confirmation of measles becomes increasingly important. However, both false-positive and false-negative results can occur with the routinely used indirect measles immunoglobulin M (IgM) serology tests. The measles IgM capture assay is considered to be more specific, and therefore, its use is indicated for confirmatory testing, but its relative performance has not been fully assessed. Four commercial indirect measles IgM serology test kits (the Behring, Clark, Gull, and PanBio assays) and a commercial IgM capture assay (the Light Diagnostics assay) were evaluated for their abilities to detect measles virus-specific IgM antibody with a total of 308 serum samples from patients involved in a measles outbreak and with confirmed cases of measles and 454 samples from subjects without measles. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) IgM capture assay was also used in a part of the evaluation. Among the indirect assays, the overall sensitivities ranged from 82.8% (Clark assay) to 88.6% (Behring assay) and specificity ranged from 86.6% (PanBio assay) to 99.6% (Gull assay). These rates were 92.2 and 86.6%, respectively, for the Light Diagnostics capture assay and 87.0 and 94.8%, respectively, for the CDC capture assay. While the Light Diagnostics capture assay had the best detection rate (80%) with the acute-phase samples compared with those for the rest of the tests (CDC capture assay, 77%; Behring assay, 70%; Gull assay, 69%; PanBio assay, 58%; and Clark assay, 57%), all tests showed a significantly improved sensitivity in the range of 92% (Clark and PanBio assays) to 97% (Light Diagnostics and CDC capture assays) with the convalescent-phase samples, as expected. The best seropositivity rates (in the range of 92 to 100%) were observed with samples collected 6 to 14 days after the onset of symptoms. The Gull assay showed the highest positive predictive value (99.6%), followed by the Behring assay (97.8%) and the CDC capture assay (96.1%). Overall, the Gull and Behring assays were found to be as good as or better than the capture assays. In conclusion, laboratory diagnosis of measles based on IgM serology varies depending on the timing of specimen collection and the test used, and the case for the use of the IgM capture assay as the confirmatory test appears to be uncertain.

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Leiby, David A., Silvano Wendel, Deise T. Takaoka, Roberta M. Fachini, Lea C. Oliveira, and Melinda A. Tibbals. "Serologic Testing for Trypanosoma cruzi: Comparison of Radioimmunoprecipitation Assay with Commercially Available Indirect Immunofluorescence Assay, Indirect Hemagglutination Assay, and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Kits." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 38, no. 2 (2000): 639–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.38.2.639-642.2000.

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The radioimmunoprecipitation assay (RIPA) has been used as a confirmatory test in several ongoing and published studies ofTrypanosoma cruzi in blood donors in the United States. Despite its use as a confirmatory test, few studies are available comparing RIPA to commercially available serologic test methods. Thus, we compared RIPA with two indirect hemagglutination assays (Biolab Diagnostica SA, São Paulo, Brazil; Hemagen Diagnostics, Inc., Waltham, Mass.) and four different enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Ill.; Embrabio, São Paulo, Brazil; Organon Teknika, São Paulo, Brazil; and Gull Laboratories, Salt Lake City, Utah) using a panel of 220 serum specimens from Brazilian blood donors with a range of T. cruzi antibody titers as determined by indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA). A titer of 1:20 was used as the baseline for seropositivity. All IFA-negative serum specimens (n = 19) were nonreactive on all tests. At a titer of 1:20 (n = 9), reactivity rates varied considerably among the tests, with only the RIPA and the Organon and Gull assays identifying reactive specimens. For specimens at a 1:40 titer (n = 35), most assays identified at least 32 of 35 (91%) specimens as reactive, but the Biolab assay only identified 24 (69%). At higher titers (1:80, n = 56; 1:160,n = 101) the assays were comparable, with the exception of the Biolab assay, demonstrating rates of agreement with IFA of ≥98%. Overall, when compared with several other test formats, RIPA demonstrated equivalent or superior rates of agreement with IFA-positive specimens across all titers examined. In particular, at titers of >1:40, the RIPA compared favorably with other test methods currently in use, supporting its application as a confirmatory test, particularly in a research setting.

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Forbes, Betty A. "Introducing a Molecular Test Into the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory: Development, Evaluation, and Validation." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 127, no. 9 (September 1, 2003): 1106–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/2003-127-1106-iamtit.

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Abstract Context.—In the mid-1980s, the polymerase chain reaction methodology for the amplification of minute amounts of target DNA was successfully developed and then introduced into clinical use; such technology has led to a revolution in diagnostic testing. Despite enormous advances in the detection of infectious agents by amplification methods, there are also limitations that must be addressed. Objective.—To highlight the pertinent steps and issues associated with the introduction of an amplification assay into a clinical microbiology laboratory as well as the subsequent ongoing activities following its introduction into routine laboratory use. Data Sources.—Data were obtained from literature searches from 1990 through September 2002 using the subject headings “polymerase chain reaction,” “molecular assays,” and “amplification” as well as publications of the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. Data Extraction and Synthesis.—Using the findings obtained from these studies and publications, the process of introducing a molecular assay into the clinical microbiology laboratory was broken down into 4 major components: (1) initial phase of assay development, (2) polymerase chain reaction assay verification in which analytic sensitivity and specificity is determined, (3) assay validation to determine clinical sensitivity and specificity, and (4) interpretation of results and ongoing, required activities. The approach, as well as the advantages and limitations involved in each step of the process, was highlighted and discussed within the context of the published literature. Conclusions.—The application of molecular testing methods in the clinical laboratory has dramatically improved our ability to diagnose infectious diseases. However, the clinical usefulness of molecular testing will only be maximized to its fullest benefit by appropriate and careful studies correlating clinical findings with assay results.

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Elbeik, Tarek, Edwin Charlebois, Patricia Nassos, James Kahn, Frederick M. Hecht, David Yajko, Valerie Ng, and Keith Hadley. "Quantitative and Cost Comparison of Ultrasensitive Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 RNA Viral Load Assays: Bayer bDNA Quantiplex Versions 3.0 and 2.0 and Roche PCR Amplicor Monitor Version 1.5." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 38, no. 3 (2000): 1113–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.38.3.1113-1120.2000.

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Quantification of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) RNA as a measure of viral load has greatly improved the monitoring of therapies for infected individuals. With the significant reductions in viral load now observed in individuals treated with highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART), viral load assays have been adapted to achieve greater sensitivity. Two commercially available ultrasensitive assays, the Bayer Quantiplex HIV-1 bDNA version 3.0 (bDNA 3.0) assay and the Roche Amplicor HIV-1 Monitor Ultrasensitive version 1.5 (Amplicor 1.5) assay, are now being used to monitor HIV-1-infected individuals. Both of these ultrasensitive assays have a reported lower limit of 50 HIV-1 RNA copies/ml and were developed from corresponding older generation assays with lower limits of 400 to 500 copies/ml. However, the comparability of viral load data generated by these ultrasensitive assays and the relative costs of labor, disposables, and biohazardous wastes were not determined in most cases. In this study, we used matched clinical plasma samples to compare the quantification of the newer bDNA 3.0 assay with that of the older bDNA 2.0 assay and to compare the quantification and costs of the bDNA 3.0 assay and the Amplicor 1.5 assay. We found that quantification by the bDNA 3.0 assay was approximately twofold higher than that by the bDNA 2.0 assay and was highly correlated to that by the Amplicor 1.5 assay. Moreover, cost analysis based on labor, disposables, and biohazardous wastes showed significant savings with the bDNA 3.0 assay as compared to the costs of the Amplicor 1.5 assay.

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Mashock, Michael J., Matthew L. Faron, Blake W. Buchan, and Nathan A. Ledeboer. "Evaluation of Copan FecalSwab as Specimen Type for Use in Xpert C. difficile Assay." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 55, no. 10 (August 9, 2017): 3123–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.00369-17.

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ABSTRACT Liquid-based microbiology (LBM) devices incorporating flocked swabs and preservation medium ease transport of specimens and improve specimen yield compared to traditional fiber wound swabs; however, the performance of LBM collection devices has not been evaluated in many molecular assays. It is unclear how the differences in matrix and specimen loading with an LBM device will affect test performance compared to traditional collection devices. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance of specimens collected in FecalSwab transport medium (Copan Diagnostics, Murrieta, CA) compared to unpreserved stool using the Cepheid Xpert C. difficile assay (Cepheid, Sunnyvale, CA). Results equivalent to unpreserved stool samples were obtained when 400 μl of FecalSwab-preserved stool was employed in the Xpert assay. The positive and negative percent agreement of specimens inoculated with FecalSwab medium ( n = 281) was 97.0% (95% confidence interval [CI], 90.9 to 96.4%) and 99.4% (95% CI, 96.4 to 99.9%), respectively, compared to reference results obtained using unpreserved stool. Throughout this study, only four discrepant results occurred when comparing preserved specimens to unpreserved stool specimens in the Xpert C. difficile PCR assay. Post discrepant analysis, using the BD MAX Cdiff assay, the specificity and sensitivity both increased to 100%. The high positive and negative percent agreements observed in this study suggest that stool preserved in FecalSwab media yields equivalent results to using unpreserved stool when tested on the Xpert C. difficile assay, allowing laboratories to adopt this liquid-based microbiology collection device.

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Keiser, Patrick T., Manu Anantpadma, Hilary Staples, Ricardo Carrion, and Robert A. Davey. "Automation of Infectious Focus Assay for Determination of Filovirus Titers and Direct Comparison to Plaque and TCID50 Assays." Microorganisms 9, no. 1 (January 12, 2021): 156. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9010156.

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Ongoing efforts to develop effective therapies against filoviruses rely, to different extents, on quantifying the amount of viable virus in samples by plaque, TCID50, and focus assays. Unfortunately, these techniques have inherent variance, and laboratory-specific preferences make direct comparison of data difficult. Additionally, human errors such as operator errors and subjective bias can further compound the differences in outcomes. To overcome these biases, we developed a computer-based automated image-processing method for a focus assay based on the open-source CellProfiler software platform, which enables high-throughput screening of many treatment samples at one time. We compared virus titers calculated using this platform to plaque and TCID50 assays using common stocks of virus for 3 major Filovirus species, Zaire ebolavirus, Sudan ebolavirus, and Marburg marburgvirus with each assay performed by multiple operators on multiple days. We show that plaque assays give comparable findings that differ by less than 3-fold. Focus-forming unit (FFU) and TCID50 assays differ by 10-fold or less from the plaque assays due a higher (FFU) and lower (TCID50) sensitivity. However, reproducibility and accuracy of each assay differs significantly with Neutral Red Agarose Overlay plaque assays and TCID50 with the lowest reproducibility due to subjective analysis and operator error. Both crystal violet methylcellulose overlay plaque assay and focus assays perform best for accuracy and the focus assay performs best for speed and throughput.

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Theel, Elitza S., Marc Roger Couturier, Laura Filkins, Elizabeth Palavecino, Stephanie Mitchell, Sheldon Campbell, Michael Pentella, et al. "Application, Verification, and Implementation of SARS-CoV-2 Serologic Assays with Emergency Use Authorization." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 59, no. 1 (October 5, 2020): e02148-20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.02148-20.

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ABSTRACTInterest continues to grow regarding the role of serologic assays for the detection of prior infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted emergency use authorization (EUA) status to many SARS-CoV-2 serologic assays. In this document, expert recommendations from clinical microbiologist members of the American Society for Microbiology (ASM) concerning detailed verification strategies for SARS-CoV-2 serologic assays with FDA EUA are provided, as are insights into assay limitations and reporting considerations for laboratories. Assessments concerning single-antibody and multiantibody isotype detection assays, which may provide either differentiated or nondifferentiated (i.e., total antibody) antibody class results, are addressed. Additional considerations prior to assay implementation are also discussed, including biosafety, quality control, and proficiency testing strategies. As the landscape of SARS-CoV-2 serologic testing is rapidly changing, this document provides updated guidance for laboratorians on application of these assays.

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Jansen van Rensburg, Melissa J., Craig Swift, Alison J. Cody, Claire Jenkins, and Martin C. J. Maiden. "Exploiting Bacterial Whole-Genome Sequencing Data for Evaluation of Diagnostic Assays: Campylobacter Species Identification as a Case Study." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 54, no. 12 (October 12, 2016): 2882–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.01522-16.

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The application of whole-genome sequencing (WGS) to problems in clinical microbiology has had a major impact on the field. Clinical laboratories are now using WGS for pathogen identification, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and epidemiological typing. WGS data also represent a valuable resource for the development and evaluation of molecular diagnostic assays, which continue to play an important role in clinical microbiology. To demonstrate this application of WGS, this study used publicly available genomic data to evaluate a duplex real-time PCR (RT-PCR) assay that targetsmapAandceuEfor the detection ofCampylobacter jejuniandCampylobacter coli, leading global causes of bacterial gastroenteritis.In silicoanalyses ofmapAandceuEprimer and probe sequences from 1,713 genetically diverseC. jejuniandC. coligenomes, supported by RT-PCR testing, indicated that the assay was robust, with 1,707 (99.7%) isolates correctly identified. The high specificity of themapA-ceuEassay was the result of interspecies diversity and intraspecies conservation of the target genes inC. jejuniandC. coli. Rare instances of a lack of specificity amongC. coliisolates were due to introgression inmapAor sequence diversity inceuE. The results of this study illustrate how WGS can be exploited to evaluate molecular diagnostic assays by using publicly available data, online databases, and open-source software.

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Wylie, John L., Stephen Moses, Ryan Babcock, Ann Jolly, Sandra Giercke, and Greg Hammond. "Comparative Evaluation of Chlamydiazyme, PACE 2, and AMP-CT Assays for Detection of Chlamydia trachomatis in Endocervical Specimens." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 36, no. 12 (1998): 3488–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.36.12.3488-3491.1998.

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We conducted a comparative evaluation of the Chlamydiazyme (Abbott Laboratories), PACE 2 (Gen-Probe), and AMP-CT (Gen-Probe) assays for the detection of Chlamydia trachomatis in endocervical samples. Specimens from 787 females were included in the study. The sensitivities of the PACE 2 and Chlamydiazyme assays in comparison to the results of the AMP-CT assay were 79.3 and 63.4%, respectively. The specificities of the Chlamydiazyme and PACE 2 assays were 100%. All of the positive specimens detected in this study were positive by the AMP-CT assay. On the basis of the final results of the comparison, the prevalence of C. trachomatis in the population was 10.4%. Retesting of specimens whose results were in the intermediate zone by the PACE 2 assay by a probe competition assay identified some additional true-positive specimens. Amplification assay testing of such specimens did not significantly increase the yield. The majority of specimens which tested positive by the AMP-CT assay only were not in the intermediate zone by the PACE 2 assay. We were unable to identify demographic or clinical factors which could predict those individuals who tested positive by amplified tests but not by nonamplified tests. The Gen-Probe PACE 2 assay proved to be superior to the Chlamydiazyme assay for the screening and diagnosis of C. trachomatisinfections in female endocervical specimens.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Microbiology assay"

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Perry, John David. "Microbial growth indicators for the rapid assay of antimicrobial susceptibility." Thesis, Northumbria University, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.245287.

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Braddick, Darren. "Quantitative assay methods and mathematical modelling of peptidoglycan transglycosylation." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2012. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/57211/.

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The proportion of antibiotic resistant Gram-positive strains in the clinic and community continue to rise, despite the number of new antibiotics continuing to fall with time. At the intersection of this problem is the established challenge of working with what has ultimately been both nature’s and humanity’s favoured and most successful antibiotic target, the biosynthesis of the bacterial cell wall. The challenge lies in the predominately membrane/lipid linked habitat that the enzymes and substrates of this complex biosynthetic pathway function within. Membrane protein science remains non-trivial and often difficult, and as such remains undeveloped despite its hugely important role in the medical and biological sciences. As a result, there is a paucity of understanding for this pathway, with limited methods for assay of the activity of the biosynthetic enzymes. These enzyme include the monofunctional transglycosylases, monofunctional transpeptidase penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) and bifunctional PBPs capable of both transglycosylation and transpeptidation. A number of these enzymes were expressed and purified, with the intention of obtaining novel kinetic and catalytic characterisation of their activities. The more complex of these enzymes could not be proven to be active, and so the comparatively simpler enzyme, an S. aureus monofunctional transglycosylase called MGT, was taken as a model enzyme and used to help design novel assay methods for its transglycosylase activity. The assays developed in this work gave access to novel time-course data and will help demonstrate other interesting mechanistic/catalytic information about the MGT enzyme and of transglycosylation in general. Mathematical modelling was performed around the experimental work. Novel and unique models were designed to define the mechanism of the MGT and generic transglycosylation, as this had not been performed before. The mathematical concepts of structural identifiability and structural indistinguishability were used to analyse these models. Data from experiments were then used to attempt data fitting with the models, and information about the underlying unknown kinetic parameters were collected. Together, a new framework of understanding of the MGT and transglycosylation can be made, which may hopefully be a small step towards answering the challenge now posed by widespread antibiotic resistance.

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Hurlburt, Allison L. "Molecular Padlock Assay of Crude Plant Leaf Extracts for Detection of Listeria Monocytogenes." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2003. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/HurlburtAL2003.pdf.

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Zafer, Ahmed Abu. "Mycobactericidal testing of chemical germicides, comparison of conventional culture with a reporter gene assay." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0019/MQ48191.pdf.

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Cregger, S., D. Davis, Phillip R. Scheuerman, and M. Gallagher. "Development of a Macrophage Phagycytosis Assay for Immunotoxicolgy." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 1990. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2888.

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Desjardins, Marc. "Feasibility of vaccination for chancroid: Sero-immunology and virulence assay in an experimental model of infection." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/9969.

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Because of the well established epidemiologic and biologic interactions between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission and genital ulcer disease, measures to control chancroid could have a significant impact on the epidemic of HIV. I developed an IgG and IgM antibody serologic enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using pooled sera from clinically and microbiologically proven cases of chancroid as positive controls, and pooled sera from normal individuals without a history of sexually transmitted diseases as negative controls. Cross reactivity was minimized by absorption of serum samples with a sorbent prepared from three other Haemophilus species. Performance of the ELISA was enhanced in the period of early convalescence from acute primary chancroid and was not diminished in the presence of HIV coinfection, reflecting the tempo of the natural serologic response to and acute infection. I also developed an inhibition ELISA to determine antigenicity of potential vaccine candidates in human H. ducreyi infection, using lipooligosaccharide (LOS) as the test antigen. In a panel of 10 sera from cases of primary natural H. ducreyi infection reactive to H. ducreyi 35000 soluble antigen, only 4 samples were identified with reaction to H. ducreyi 35000 LOS. Inhibition ELISA confirmed that pre-adsorption with LOS substantially diminished reactivity of these sera to LOS but not to soluble antigen. Using the ELISA to detect immunogenicity by measuring the serologic response to vaccine candidates in rabbits, we further tested the feasibility of three bacterial antigen preparations to induce protective immunity against infection and disease. LOS carbohydrate and a pilus preparation were purified from H. ducreyi 35000 and used in a booster immunization procedure. Virulence was assayed by intra-epithelial challenge and measurement of disease for homologous strain 35000 or the virulent clinical isolate RO-34. LOS and the pilus preparation both induced humoral responses to the corresponding antigen, but the carbohydrate preparation did not. Immunization with LOS or carbohydrate did not modify virulence of infection with H. ducreyi 35000. Immunization with the strain 35000 pilus preparation significantly reduced the severity of disease, and the duration of infection and disease compared with controls. I conducted passive immunization experiments, and characterized the inflammatory infiltrate of chancroidal lesions. Naive rabbits were passively immunized with 24 or 48 mg of purified polyclonal IgG intravenously and 24 hours after infusion, challenged with the homologous strain 35000. No significant difference in disease resulting from infection with the homologous strain was observed. I then comparatively evaluated the serial immunohistology of lesions produced by infectious challenge with the homologous strain in sham-immunized or rabbits immunized with the pilus preparation. Flow cytometric analysis of rabbit peripheral blood leucocytes with CD5 and CD4 rabbit lymphocyte markers prior to infectious challenge revealed two T lymphocyte populations: CD5+CD4+ and CD5+CD4$-$. Pilus preparation vaccinee lesions showed significant quantitative acceleration and increase in T lymphocyte infiltration, and similar early increased recruitment of the CD4+ T lymphocyte subset preceding early lesion sterilization and early healing without ulceration. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)

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Sandhu, Sandeep. "Development of an antibody-based assay for methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus using synthetic peptidoglycan precursors." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2010. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/36857/.

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Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are isolates of the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus that have acquired genes encoding antibiotic resistance to all penicillins, including methicillin and other narrow-spectrum β- lactamase-resistant penicillin antibiotics. Outbreaks of MRSA occur quite frequently as there is no quick screening test for the presence of MRSA. The aim of this project is to try and develop an antibody based detection test for rapid detection of MRSA, which could help in the prevention of outbreaks. An antigen (UDP-MurNAc-L-Ala-γ-D-Glu-L-Lys(ε-NH2-Gly)5-D-Ala-D-Ala) that resembles the outer surface of the Staphylococcus aureus (contains a Gly5 moiety that is specific for S. aureus) cell wall peptidoglycan has been prepared, and attached to a carrier protein. Sheep antibodies raised against this antigen were screened using ELISA assays. The results showed that antibodies did have specificity for the antigen. Cell walls were prepared from several different bacteria, including two MRSA and one methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) strain. ELISA assays using these cell walls showed that the antibodies had specificity for cell walls containing (Gly)5 in the order of S aureus (Gly5) > S. simulans (less Gly5) > S. pneumoniae (no Glyn) > E. coli (no Glyn, Gram-negative strain). A particularly high response was observed for one of the two MRSA strains, detectable at 0.1 μg of cell wall. An HPLC-based UV-Vis assay was developed to monitor the activity of peptidoglycan polymerisation enzymes from S. aureus, while preparing polymeric peptidoglycan as an antigen for immunisation. Several intermediates in peptidoglycan polymerisation were detected using S. aureus monofunctional glycosyltransferase (MGT), which allowed us to propose a new hypothesis for the early steps of peptidoglycan transglycosylation.

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Meloche, Michèle. "Development and application of a quantitative virulence assay for Haemophilus ducreyi in an in vivo model of infection." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/10955.

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A temperature-dependant rabbit model of Haemophilus ducreyi infection was used as a quantitative virulence assay to evaluate the effect of host factors upon ulcerative cutaneous disease production. New Zealand White rabbits underwent inoculation with H. ducreyi strain #35000 either after iron loading, dexamethasone immunosuppression, prior infection or immunization. Chancroid-like disease was scored for severity, time, culture of lesions, and serologic response. In primary infections, culture-positive ulcerative lesions were consistently produced at and above 105 colony forming units inocula. Iron and dexamethasone treatment increased lesion severity and duration of culture positivity. Infection of previously infected animals produced sterile lesions of greater size and higher cumulative disease score at 105 colony forming units inocula. Infection of immunized animals produced sterile lesions of lesser severity at 105 colony forming units, with protection from ulcer formation. Efficacy of ceftriaxone treatment was tested in naive control and iron loaded rabbits. Antibiotic was injected as a single intramuscular dose of 0.1 mg/Kg and 5 mg/Kg, four days following inoculation with Haemophilus ducreyi #35000. In naive control rabbits, antibiotic treatment at each dose sterilized the lesions within 24 hours with attenuation of disease effect. In naive iron loaded rabbits lesions were sterilized later on day 10 with 0.1 mg/Kg ceftriaxone and on day 5 with 5 mg/Kg ceftriaxone. Virulence scores corroborated the lessened microbiologic efficacy of antibiotic treatment. We conclude that quantitative assay of infection and disease in iron loaded animals, with relative prolongation of disease effect and culture positivity of lesions may be a sensitive model in which to comparatively measure virulence related to bacterial factors. As well, limitations of efficacy or synergy of antibiotic treatments may be evaluated. We conclude that prior antigenic exposure and immune response through infection or immunization attenuates subsequent homologous infection. Disease produced in re-infection is amplified, while disease produced in inoculation after immunization is attenuated at lower inocula. This suggests that while there is inducible immunity to H. ducreyi infection and disease, the disease effect may be in part related to host inflammatory response to bacterial antigen or effect of bacterial toxin. This system of measurement of virulence may be useful towards understanding pathogenesis, and identifying strategy for vaccine development in chancroid.

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Hill, S. A. "An evaluation of potato virus Y and potato leaf roll virus detection in tubers by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay." Thesis, University of Reading, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.370134.

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Burns, Anthony J. "Gut lumen factors, including probiotics and prebiotics, influencing faecal water genotoxicity on HT29 cell line using the comet assay." Thesis, University of Ulster, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.232843.

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Books on the topic "Microbiology assay"

1

American Society for Testing and Materials. ASTM standards on materials and environmental microbiology. 2nd ed. Philadelphia, PA: ASTM, 1993.

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American Society for Testing and Materials. ASTM standards on materials and environmental microbiology. Philadelphia, PA: ASTM, 1987.

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Brovko, Lubov. Bioluminescence for food and environmental microbiological safety. Bellingham, Wash: SPIE, The International Society for Optical Engineering, 2007.

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Dillon, Tom M. Review and synthesis of bioassessment methodologies for freshwater contaminated sediments. [Vicksburg, Miss: U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, 1990.

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Workshop on Methods to Isolate Escherichia Coli O157:H7 and Other Verotoxigenic E. Coli from Foods (1991 Ottawa, Ont.). Escherichia coli O157:H7 and other verotoxigenic E. coli in foods: Proceedings of a Workshop on Methods to Isolate Escherichia Coli O157:H7 and Other Verotoxigenic E. Coli from Foods, held on March 18-19, 1991 in Ottawa, Canada. Edited by Todd, E. C. D. 1939-, MacKenzie J. M, Canada Food Directorate, and Canadian Meat Council. Ottawa: Polyscience Publications, 1993.

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Sŏ, Kŏn-ho. Sikpʻum wihae mulchil sinsok kŏmsapŏp yuhyosŏng kŏmjŭng yŏnʼgu =: Validation of rapid assays for detection of food borne hazards. [Seoul]: Sikpʻum Ŭiyakpʻum Anjŏnchʻŏng, 2007.

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7

Cole, Robert C. Micronucleus Assay: An Overview. Nova Science Publishers, Incorporated, 2020.

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8

Olson, Wayne P. Automated Microbial Identification and Quantitation: Technologies for the 2000s. CRC, 1996.

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9

P, Olson Wayne, ed. Automated microbial identification and quantitation: Technologies for the 2000s. Buffalo Grove, IL: Interpharm Press, 1996.

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10

G, Wreghitt T., and Morgan-Capner P, eds. ELISA in the clinical microbiology laboratory. London: Public Health Laboratory Service, 1990.

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Book chapters on the topic "Microbiology assay"

1

Jain, Aakanchha, Richa Jain, and Sourabh Jain. "Antimicrobial Sensitivity Assay." In Basic Techniques in Biochemistry, Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 53–56. New York, NY: Springer US, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-9861-6_18.

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2

Ernst, David, George Bolton, Diether Recktenwald, Mark J. Cameron, Ali Danesh, Desmond Persad, David J. Kelvin, and Amitabh Gaur. "Bead-Based Flow Cytometric Assays: A Multiplex Assay Platform with Applications in Diagnostic Microbiology." In Advanced Techniques in Diagnostic Microbiology, 427–43. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-387-32892-0_25.

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Jain, Aakanchha, Richa Jain, and Sourabh Jain. "Enzyme Assay: Qualitative and Quantitative." In Basic Techniques in Biochemistry, Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 39–51. New York, NY: Springer US, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-9861-6_17.

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Peperzak, L., and C. P. D. Brussaard. "Phytoplankton Viability Assay for Oil Compounds in Water." In Handbook of Hydrocarbon and Lipid Microbiology, 4499–508. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-77587-4_353.

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5

Siro, M. R. "Monitoring Microbial Growth by Bioluminescent ATP Assay." In Rapid Methods and Automation in Microbiology and Immunology, 438–47. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-69943-6_55.

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6

Galloway*, T., C. Lewis, and J. Hagger. "Assessment of Genotoxicity Following Exposure to Hydrocarbons: The Micronucleus Assay." In Handbook of Hydrocarbon and Lipid Microbiology, 4473–80. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-77587-4_350.

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Zhang, Hong, and Ce Huang. "Application of Dot Immunobinding Assay (DIBA) and Reversed Passive Hemagglutination Assay (RPHA) in Detection of Shigella flexneri from Fecal Samples." In Rapid Methods and Automation in Microbiology and Immunology, 104–10. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76603-9_12.

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8

Notermans, S. "Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay of Staphylococcal Enterotoxins in Foods." In Rapid Methods and Automation in Microbiology and Immunology, 649–55. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-69943-6_80.

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9

Nilsson, L. "Bioluminescent Assay of Bacterial ATP as a Tool in Clinical Microbiology." In Rapid Methods and Automation in Microbiology and Immunology, 448–54. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-69943-6_56.

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Carter, Ian. "Metallo β Lactamases Gene blaimp, blaspm and blavim Detection by Multiplex Real-Time TaqMan Assay on the Smartcycler." In PCR for Clinical Microbiology, 423–27. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9039-3_74.

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Conference papers on the topic "Microbiology assay"

1

Lança, A., I. Almeida, H. M. Martins, F. Bernardo, M. Guerra, J. Inácio, and M. L. Martins. "An efficient molecular typing assay for Alternaria spp. isolates." In Proceedings of the III International Conference on Environmental, Industrial and Applied Microbiology (BioMicroWorld2009). WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814322119_0098.

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BENMEBAREK, Hania, Juan-José Escuder-Rodríguez, María Isabel González Siso, and Karima KHARROUB. "Test for the production and assay of the enzymatic activity of bacterial and Archean halophilic proteolytic strains isolated from Algerian hypersaline environments." In 1st International Electronic Conference on Microbiology. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecm2020-07118.

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3

Llinares, F., R. Díaz, M. De Troya, and P. Jiménez. "Degradation assay of lignocellulosic compounds in combination with polyurethane resin by CECT fungi." In Proceedings of the III International Conference on Environmental, Industrial and Applied Microbiology (BioMicroWorld2009). WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814322119_0066.

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4

Mahboubi, M., S. Sardari, V. Khalaj, and M. Mehravar. "Determination of mode of action for novel synthetic antifungal agents using reversal assay method." In Proceedings of the III International Conference on Environmental, Industrial and Applied Microbiology (BioMicroWorld2009). WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814322119_0102.

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