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Journal articles on the topic 'Microcirculation Animal models'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 2 February 2022

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1

Kan, Zuxing, Kenneth Wright, and Sidney Wallace. "Ethiodized oil emulsions in hepatic microcirculation: In vivo microscopy in animal models." Academic Radiology 4, no. 4 (1997): 275–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1076-6332(97)80029-3.

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2

Wiernsperger, Nicolas, Pierre Nivoit, and Eliete Bouskela. "Microcirculation in obesity: an unexplored domain." Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 79, no. 4 (2007): 617–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0001-37652007000400005.

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Obesity is traditionally linked to diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Very recent experimental, clinical and epidemiological, sometimes provocative, data challenge this automaticity by showing that not the amount but the distribution of fat is the important determinant. Moderate abdominal fat accumulation may thus be more harmful than even consequent overweight. In view of the worldwide burden of obesity, factors leading to it in children and young adults must urgently be identified. Since obesity is a very complex cardiometabolic situation, this will require to focus investigations on unco

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Padró, Teresa, Gemma Vilahur, and Lina Badimon. "Dyslipidemias and Microcirculation." Current Pharmaceutical Design 24, no. 25 (2018): 2921–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612824666180702154129.

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Dyslipidemia is widely accepted as one of the major risk factors in cardiovascular disease mainly due to its contribution in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis in medium-sized and large arteries. However, it has become increasingly accepted that high-cholesterol levels can also adversely affect the microvasculature prior to the development of overt atherosclerosis. Moreover, hypercholesterolemia has shown, in preclinical animal models, to exert detrimental effects beyond the vascular tree leading to larger infarcts and adverse cardiac remodeling post-myocardial infarction. At a functional lev

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4

Chemonges, Saul, Kiran Shekar, John-Paul Tung, et al. "Optimal Management of the Critically Ill: Anaesthesia, Monitoring, Data Capture, and Point-of-Care Technological Practices in Ovine Models of Critical Care." BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/468309.

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Animal models of critical illness are vital in biomedical research. They provide possibilities for the investigation of pathophysiological processes that may not otherwise be possible in humans. In order to be clinically applicable, the model should simulate the critical care situation realistically, including anaesthesia, monitoring, sampling, utilising appropriate personnel skill mix, and therapeutic interventions. There are limited data documenting the constitution of ideal technologically advanced large animal critical care practices and all the processes of the animal model. In this paper

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Deng, Yupu, Katelynn J. Rowe, Ketul R. Chaudhary, Anli Yang, Shirley H. J. Mei, and Duncan J. Stewart. "Optimizing imaging of the rat pulmonary microvasculature by micro-computed tomography." Pulmonary Circulation 9, no. 4 (2019): 204589401988361. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2045894019883613.

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Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) is used in pre-clinical research to generate high-resolution three-dimensional (3D) images of organs and tissues. When combined with intravascular contrast agents, micro-CT can provide 3D visualization and quantification of vascular networks in many different organs. However, the lungs present a particular challenge for contrast perfusion due to the complexity and fragile nature of the lung microcirculation. The protocol described here has been optimized to achieve consistent lung perfusion of the microvasculature to vessels < 20 microns in both normal a

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Busek, Mathias, Stefan Gruenzner, Tobias Steege, Florian Schmieder, Udo Klotzbach, and Frank Sonntag. "Design, characterization, and modeling of microcirculation systems with integrated oxygenators." Journal of Sensors and Sensor Systems 5, no. 1 (2016): 221–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/jsss-5-221-2016.

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Abstract. Here, we describe a microfluidic system for hypoxia assays on human cell culture models. These systems are developed to replace or reduce animal testing in biomedical basic research. The presented system uses a gas-permeable membrane as a gas–liquid interface and a micropump for media actuation to influence the oxygen content in two cell culture chambers. To apply well-defined hypoxic conditions to the cells, a good understanding of the mass transport phenomena is necessary. Therefore, a complete network model of the microfluidic system is presented. This model is validated by means

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Lee, Eek-Sung, Jin-Hui Yoon, Jiye Choi, Faris R. Andika, Taekwan Lee, and Yong Jeong. "A mouse model of subcortical vascular dementia reflecting degeneration of cerebral white matter and microcirculation." Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 39, no. 1 (2017): 44–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0271678x17736963.

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Subcortical vascular dementia(SVaD) is associated with white matter damage, lacunar infarction, and degeneration of cerebral microcirculation. Currently available mouse models can mimic only partial aspects of human SVaD features. Here, we combined bilateral common carotid artery stenosis (BCAS) with a hyperlipidaemia model in order to develop a mouse model of SVaD; 10- to 12-week-old apolipoprotein E (ApoE)-deficient or wild-type C57BL/6J mice were subjected to sham operation or chronic cerebral hypoperfusion with BCAS using micro-coils. Behavioural performance (locomotion, spatial working me

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Nakase, Hiroyuki, Oliver S. Kempski, Axel Heimann, Toshikazu Takeshima, and Jaroslav Tintera. "Microcirculation after cerebral venous occlusions as assessed by laser Doppler scanning." Journal of Neurosurgery 87, no. 2 (1997): 307–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.1997.87.2.0307.

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✓ Research on cerebral venous circulation disturbances (CVCDs) has been limited partly by the paucity of animal models that produce consistent venous infarction. Occlusion of two adjacent cortical veins in rats by means of a photochemical thrombotic technique provides a minimally invasive, clinically relevant, and reproducible model suited to study the pathophysiology of CVCDs. In this study, the effects of venous occlusion on regional cortical blood flow and the brain damage that ensues were evaluated. Cortical vein occlusion was induced by photoactivation of rose bengal via 100-µm fiberoptic

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9

Stepp, David W., David M. Pollock, and Jefferson C. Frisbee. "Low-flow vascular remodeling in the metabolic syndrome X." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 286, no. 3 (2004): H964—H970. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00836.2003.

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Peripheral microvascular dysfunction is a common affliction in patients with the metabolic syndrome X. Previous studies have described a number of vascular impairments in vasomotor control in both human patients and animal models of syndrome X, but the net effect of these impairments on microvascular structure has not been examined. The goal of the current study was to test the hypothesis that syndrome X reduces muscle perfusion and induces vascular remodeling. The obese Zucker rat was used as a model of syndrome X, and the microcirculation of the hindlimb and brain were examined. Obese Zucker

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10

Ince, Can, and Egbert G. Mik. "Microcirculatory and mitochondrial hypoxia in sepsis, shock, and resuscitation." Journal of Applied Physiology 120, no. 2 (2016): 226–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00298.2015.

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After shock, persistent oxygen extraction deficit despite the apparent adequate recovery of systemic hemodynamic and oxygen-derived variables has been a source of uncertainty and controversy. Dysfunction of oxygen transport pathways during intensive care underlies the sequelae that lead to organ failure, and the limitations of techniques used to measure tissue oxygenation in vivo have contributed to the lack of progress in this area. Novel techniques have provided detailed quantitative insight into the determinants of microcirculatory and mitochondrial oxygenation. These techniques, which are

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Merkus, Daphne, Judy Muller-Delp, and Cristine L. Heaps. "Coronary microvascular adaptations distal to epicardial artery stenosis." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 320, no. 6 (2021): H2351—H2370. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00992.2020.

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Until recently, epicardial coronary stenosis has been considered the primary outcome of coronary heart disease, and clinical interventions have been dedicated primarily to the identification and removal of flow-limiting stenoses. However, a growing body of literature indicates that both epicardial stenosis and microvascular dysfunction contribute to damaging myocardial ischemia. In this review, we discuss the coexistence of macro- and microvascular disease, and how the structure and function of the distal microcirculation is impacted by the hemodynamic consequences of an epicardial, flow-limit

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Jiang, Xiaosi, Dan Wu, Zichao Jiang, Weiwei Ling, and Geng Qian. "Protective Effect of Nicorandil on Cardiac Microvascular Injury: Role of Mitochondrial Integrity." Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2021 (July 3, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/4665632.

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A major shortcoming of postischemic therapy for myocardial infarction is the no-reflow phenomenon due to impaired cardiac microvascular function including microcirculatory barrier function, loss of endothelial activity, local inflammatory cell accumulation, and increased oxidative stress. Consequently, inadequate reperfusion of the microcirculation causes secondary ischemia, aggravating the myocardial reperfusion injury. ATP-sensitive potassium ion (KATP) channels regulate the coronary blood flow and protect cardiomyocytes from ischemia-reperfusion injury. Studies in animal models of myocardia

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Bečić, F., Z. Mornjaković, I. Zulić, et al. "Animal model of thermal injuries." Bosnian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences 3, no. 4 (2003): 41–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.17305/bjbms.2003.3492.

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Experimental studies of burns require the use of different animal models with the aim to imitate and reproduce pathophysiological conditions. The aim of this work was to establish experimental model of thermal injury.New Zealand rabbits, weighted from 1.8 kg to 2.3 kg, were utilised during our study. Another, also utilized, animal types were laboratory Rattus rats, species Wistar, albino type, females with body weight of about 232 g. All animals were from our own litter (Institute of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine in Sarajevo). During the experiment, an

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Varghese, Hemanth J., Lisa T. MacKenzie, Alan C. Groom, Christopher G. Ellis, Ann F. Chambers, and Ian C. MacDonald. "Mapping of the functional microcirculation in vital organs using contrast-enhanced in vivo video microscopy." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 288, no. 1 (2005): H185—H193. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.01022.2003.

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A functional microcirculation is vital to the survival of mammalian tissues. In vivo video microscopy is often used in animal models to assess microvascular function, providing real-time observation of blood flow in normal and diseased tissues. To extend the capabilities of in vivo video microscopy, we have developed a contrast-enhanced system with postprocessing video analysis tools that permit quantitative assessment of microvascular geometry and function in vital organs and tissues. FITC-labeled dextran (250 kDa) was injected intravenously into anesthetized mice to provide intravascular flu

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15

Callewaert, Bram, Elizabeth A. V. Jones, Uwe Himmelreich, and Willy Gsell. "Non-Invasive Evaluation of Cerebral Microvasculature Using Pre-Clinical MRI: Principles, Advantages and Limitations." Diagnostics 11, no. 6 (2021): 926. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11060926.

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Alterations to the cerebral microcirculation have been recognized to play a crucial role in the development of neurodegenerative disorders. However, the exact role of the microvascular alterations in the pathophysiological mechanisms often remains poorly understood. The early detection of changes in microcirculation and cerebral blood flow (CBF) can be used to get a better understanding of underlying disease mechanisms. This could be an important step towards the development of new treatment approaches. Animal models allow for the study of the disease mechanism at several stages of development

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da Cunha, Valdeci, Jon Vincelette, Lei Zhao, et al. "A novel inhibitor of activated thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFIa) – Part II: Enhancement of both exogenous and endogenous fibrinolysis in animal models of thrombosis." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 97, no. 01 (2007): 54–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1160/th06-09-0552.

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SummaryWe have discovered a novel small-molecule TAFIa inhibitor, BX 528, which is potent, highly selective against other carboxypeptidases and safe. The present study was to determine if BX 528 can enhance exogenous and endogenous thrombolysis in four different animal models. In the first three models, a thrombus was induced by FeCl2 (dogs) or laser (rats) injury of the femoral artery, or formed ex vivo and implanted in the jugular vein in rabbits. A low dose of exogenous t-PA was given to induce a lowlevel thrombolysis on an established thrombus. Co-treatment with BX 528 further enhanced the

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17

Querfeld, Uwe, Robert H. Mak, and Axel Radlach Pries. "Microvascular disease in chronic kidney disease: the base of the iceberg in cardiovascular comorbidity." Clinical Science 134, no. 12 (2020): 1333–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs20200279.

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Abstract Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a relentlessly progressive disease with a very high mortality mainly due to cardiovascular complications. Endothelial dysfunction is well documented in CKD and permanent loss of endothelial homeostasis leads to progressive organ damage. Most of the vast endothelial surface area is part of the microcirculation, but most research in CKD-related cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been devoted to macrovascular complications. We have reviewed all publications evaluating structure and function of the microcirculation in humans with CKD and animals with experime

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18

Faita, Francesco, Nicole Di Lascio, Chiara Rossi, Claudia Kusmic, and Anna Solini. "Ultrasonographic Characterization of the db/db Mouse: An Animal Model of Metabolic Abnormalities." Journal of Diabetes Research 2018 (2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/4561309.

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The availability of an animal model able to reliably mirror organ damage occurring in metabolic diseases is an urgent need. These models, mostly rodents, have not been fully characterized in terms of cardiovascular, renal, and hepatic ultrasound parameters, and only sparse values can be found in literature. Aim of this paper is to provide a detailed, noninvasive description of the heart, vessels, liver, and kidneys of the db/db mouse by ultrasound imaging. Sixteen wild type and thirty-four db/db male mice (11-week-old) were studied. State-of-the-art ultrasound technology was used to acquire im

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19

Couturier, A., R. Bouvet, J. L. Cracowski, M. Roustit, and S. Kotzki. "Laser speckle contrast imaging as a better tool to access the cutaneous microcirculation: Reproducibility and comparison to laser Doppler imaging in animal models." Archives of Cardiovascular Diseases Supplements 12, no. 2-4 (2020): 208–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.acvdsp.2020.03.024.

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20

Lien, Chia-Ying, Chen-Wen Lu, Chih-Hsiang Hsu, et al. "Chinese Veterinary Medicine B307 Promotes Cardiac Performance and Skeletal Muscle Contraction via Enhancing Intracellular Calcium Levels and Neural Electrical Activity in Animal and Cell Models." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2020 (October 28, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9064824.

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The study mainly investigated the effects of Chinese veterinary medicine B307 in cardiac and motor functions in animal models of pigeons and mice. Related cellular mechanisms were also studied in the neuroblastoma cell model of SH-SY5Y. Cardiac functions of pigeons and mice were examined by using moorFLPI Laser color Doppler imager and M-mode echocardiography, and motor functions were examined by using muscle electrical stimulation and force recording in the isolated breast muscle. Intracellular calcium levels and electrical activity of SH-SY5Y cells were examined by using Fura 2-AM fluorescen

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21

Becker Junior, Valesio, Lauro Wichert-Ana, Rhelen Piantino Leitão Ferreira da Silva, et al. "Neurovascular coupling and functional neuroimaging in epilepsy." Journal of Epilepsy and Clinical Neurophysiology 15, no. 1 (2009): 30–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1676-26492009000100007.

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INTRODUCTION: The neural regulation of the microcirculation is done by the functional neurovascular unit that is composed of vascular, astroglial and neuronal cells. The neurovascular unit represents the interface between the Central Nervous System and the Vascular System. OBJECTIVE: This paper reviews the literature on functional neuroimaging with a particular focus on the mechanisms of the neurovascular coupling. CONCLUSIONS: Functional neuroimaging techniques as functional MRI, SPECT and PET distinguish metabolic and physiological processes underlying normal and abnormal events, based on ne

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Jasuja, Reema, Sunita Patel Hett, Neelu Kaila, and Debra Pittman. "Effect of PSI697, a Small Molecule Inhibitor of P-Selectin, in the Townes Model of Sickle Cell Disease." Blood 126, no. 23 (2015): 3391. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.3391.3391.

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Abstract Chronic vaso-occlusion is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). Persistent vaso-occlusion can damage lungs, liver, kidneys or brain and ultimately lead to end-organ dysfunction. Vaso-occlusive pain crisis is a complex multistep process, initiated by adhesion of fragile sickle erythrocytes and rigid neutrophils to hypoxic and inflamed endothelium. Large multicellular aggregates of blood cells, including platelets and sickled erythrocytes, form on these adherent activated neutrophils in the microcirculation, ultimately causing vascular occl

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23

Bečić, Fahir, Nedžad Mulabegović, Zakira Mornjaković, et al. "Topical treatment of standardised burns with herbal remedies in model rats." Bosnian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences 5, no. 4 (2005): 50–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.17305/bjbms.2005.3233.

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Experimental studies of burns require the use of different animal models. The aim of this work was to establish experimental model of thermal injuries and to evaluate the effects of topical agents on healing of the burn wounds. Forty female Wistar rats were randomly classified in 4 groups and isolated for 2 weeks before the onset of experiment. Animals were primarily anaesthetized with pentobarbital-sodium and then shaved (skin area of their back with diameters 5 cm x 5 cm). A round metal stamp with contact area of 5 cm2 and total weight of 100 g was heated up to 80°C and then applied without

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Laughlin, M. Harold, Douglas K. Bowles, and Dirk J. Duncker. "The coronary circulation in exercise training." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 302, no. 1 (2012): H10—H23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00574.2011.

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Exercise training (EX) induces increases in coronary transport capacity through adaptations in the coronary microcirculation including increased arteriolar diameters and/or densities and changes in the vasomotor reactivity of coronary resistance arteries. In large animals, EX increases capillary exchange capacity through angiogenesis of new capillaries at a rate matched to EX-induced cardiac hypertrophy so that capillary density remains normal. However, after EX coronary capillary exchange area is greater (i.e., capillary permeability surface area product is greater) at any given blood flow be

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Dirkes, Marcel C., Dan M. J. Milstein, Michal Heger, and Thomas M. van Gulik. "Absence of Hydrogen Sulfide-Induced Hypometabolism in Pigs: A Mechanistic Explanation in Relation to Small Nonhibernating Mammals." European Surgical Research 54, no. 3-4 (2015): 178–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000369795.

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Artificially induced hypometabolism in nonhibernating mammals may have considerable clinical implications. Numerous studies in small rodent models have demonstrated that hydrogen sulfide (H2S) induces hypometabolism, supposedly as a result of histotoxic hypoxia. However, the induction of hypometabolism is absent in large animals following H2S administration. To determine the cause of this animal size-dependent discrepancy in H2S pharmacodynamics, the effects of sodium H2S (NaSH; 5 mg/kg/h, 4-hour intravenous administration) on systemic, pneumocardial, hematological, biochemical, microvascular

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Abassi, Zaid, Seymour Rosen, Simon Lamothe, and Samuel N. Heyman. "Why Have Detection, Understanding and Management of Kidney Hypoxic Injury Lagged Behind those for the Heart?" Journal of Clinical Medicine 8, no. 2 (2019): 267. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm8020267.

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The outcome of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) has dramatically improved over recent decades, thanks to early detection and prompt interventions to restore coronary blood flow. In contrast, the prognosis of patients with hypoxic acute kidney injury (AKI) remained unchanged over the years. Delayed diagnosis of AKI is a major reason for this discrepancy, reflecting the lack of symptoms and diagnostic tools indicating at real time altered renal microcirculation, oxygenation, functional derangement and tissue injury. New tools addressing these deficiencies, such as biomarkers of ti

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Santisteban, Monica M., and Costantino Iadecola. "Hypertension, dietary salt and cognitive impairment." Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 38, no. 12 (2018): 2112–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0271678x18803374.

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Dementia is growing at an alarming rate worldwide. Although Alzheimer disease is the leading cause, over 50% of individuals diagnosed with Alzheimer disease have vascular lesions at autopsy. There has been an increasing appreciation of the pathogenic role of vascular risk factors in cognitive impairment caused by neurodegeneration. Midlife hypertension is a leading risk factor for late-life dementia. Hypertension alters cerebrovascular structure, impairs the major factors regulating the cerebral microcirculation, and promotes Alzheimer pathology. Experimental studies have identified brain peri

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Ow, Connie P. C., Anton Trask-Marino, Ashenafi H. Betrie, Roger G. Evans, Clive N. May, and Yugeesh R. Lankadeva. "Targeting Oxidative Stress in Septic Acute Kidney Injury: From Theory to Practice." Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 17 (2021): 3798. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10173798.

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Sepsis is the leading cause of acute kidney injury (AKI) and leads to increased morbidity and mortality in intensive care units. Current treatments for septic AKI are largely supportive and are not targeted towards its pathophysiology. Sepsis is commonly characterized by systemic inflammation and increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), particularly superoxide. Concomitantly released nitric oxide (NO) then reacts with superoxide, leading to the formation of reactive nitrogen species (RNS), predominantly peroxynitrite. Sepsis-induced ROS and RNS can reduce the bioavailability of N

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Jasuja, Reema, Sunita Patel Hett, Joachim Fruebis, and Debra Pittman. "PDE-9 Inhibition Combined with Hydroxyurea Is Beneficial in Vaso-Occlusive Crisis in Mouse Model of Sickle Cell Disease." Blood 124, no. 21 (2014): 2694. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v124.21.2694.2694.

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Abstract Vaso-occlusion is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in sickle cell disease (SCD). It is a complex multistep process initiated by the adhesion of fragile red cells and leucocytes, primarily neutrophils, to the hypoxic and inflamed endothelium. Attachment of large and rigid neutrophils to the endothelium, particularly in the microcirculation induces vaso-occlusive crisis by activating neutrophils and forming multicellular aggregates with erythrocytes and platelets. Dysregulated nitric oxide (NO) homeostasis contributes to vascular dysfunction in SCD. Hydroxyurea is the standard

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Beckmann, Kathrin H., Gesa Meyer-Hamme, and Sven Schröder. "Low Level Laser Therapy for the Treatment of Diabetic Foot Ulcers: A Critical Survey." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2014 (2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/626127.

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Diabetic foot ulcers as one of the most common complications of diabetes mellitus are defined as nonhealing or long-lasting chronic skin ulcers in diabetic patients. Multidisciplinary care for the diabetic foot is common, but treatment results are often unsatisfactory. Low level laser therapy (LLLT) on wound areas as well as on acupuncture points, as a noninvasive, pain-free method with minor side effects, has been considered as a possible treatment option for the diabetic foot syndrome. A systematic literature review identified 1764 articles on this topic. Finally, we adopted 22 eligible refe

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Al-Saeedi, Mohammed, Arash Nickkholgh, Daniel Schultze, et al. "Glycine Protects the Liver from Reperfusion Injury following Pneumoperitoneum." European Surgical Research 59, no. 1-2 (2018): 91–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000490309.

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Background: Experimental pneumoperitoneum induces ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) in the liver, most likely via Kupffer cell (KC)-dependent mechanisms. Glycine has been shown to ameliorate IRI in various animal models. Thus, this study was performed to assess the effects of glycine on the liver after pneumoperitoneum. Materials and Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats (220–250 g in weight) underwent CO2 pneumoperitoneum (12 mm Hg) for 90 min. Some rats received i.v. glycine (1.5 mL, 300 mM) 10 min before pneumoperitoneum. Controls were given the same volume of Ringer’s solution. Transaminases, hepat

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Klenke, F. M., T. Merkle, J. Fellenberg, et al. "A novel model for the investigation of orthotopically growing primary and secondary bone tumours using intravital microscopy." Laboratory Animals 39, no. 4 (2005): 377–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/002367705774286411.

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Here is reported the development of an experimental model using intravital microscopy as a tool to orthotopically investigate malignant bone tumours. Although up to 85% of the most frequently occurring malignant solid tumours, such as lung and prostate carcinomas, metastasize into the bone, and despite the knowledge that a tumour's course may be altered by its surrounding tissue, there is no adequate experimental model available enabling the investigation of orthotopically grown bone tumours in vivo. Intravital microscopy is an internationally accepted experimental method, used in various acut

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HICKEY, Michael J. "Role of inducible nitric oxide synthase in the regulation of leucocyte recruitment." Clinical Science 100, no. 1 (2000): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs1000001.

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Constitutively produced nitric oxide released by endothelial cells has been shown to act as an endogenous agent which inhibits the rolling and adhesion of leucocytes in the microcirculation. However, during various types of inflammation, expression of the inducible form of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) can dramatically increase the amount of nitric oxide present in tissues. Furthermore, as iNOS can be expressed by a wide variety of cell types, the distribution of nitric oxide is likely to be altered relative to that in unstimulated tissue. Under these conditions, it is less well understood whet

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Guerci, Philippe, Bülent Ergin, Aslı Kandil, et al. "Resuscitation with PEGylated carboxyhemoglobin preserves renal cortical oxygenation and improves skeletal muscle microcirculatory flow during endotoxemia." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 318, no. 5 (2020): F1271—F1283. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00513.2019.

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PEGylated carboxyhemoglobin (PEGHbCO), which has carbon monoxide-releasing properties and plasma expansion and oxygen-carrying properties, may improve both skeletal microcirculatory flow and renal cortical microcirculatory Po2 (CµPo2) and, subsequently, limit endotoxemia-induced acute kidney injury. Anesthetized, ventilated Wistar albino rats ( n = 44) underwent endotoxemic shock. CµPo2 was measured in exposed kidneys using a phosphorescence-quenching method. Rats were randomly assigned to the following five groups: 1) unresuscitated lipopolysaccharide (LPS), 2) LPS + Ringer’s acetate (RA), 3)

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Furlan Freguia, Christian, Joerg Schuettrumpf, Stefano Baila, et al. "Differences in the Anticoagulant Activity of Murine and Human Activated Protein C (APC) in Mouse Thrombosis Models." Blood 108, no. 11 (2006): 1471. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v108.11.1471.1471.

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Abstract APC is a potent mediator of anticoagulant and anti-inflammatory properties. Clinical studies showed that APC reduces mortality in severe sepsis patients. Animal studies are essential for providing a framework to the assessment of mechanism of complex diseases and to test therapeutic agents. Studies of APC function in vivo models has been limited by its short half-life, lack of data on plasma levels and therapeutic effect, species specific effects of the protein. Here we report novel models to assess APC function in vivo. Both murine (m) and human (h) protein C was first engineered by

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Winslow, Robert, Mariana Oliva, Marcos Intaglietta, Kim Vandegriff, Dale Baker, and Ashok Malavalli. "MP4, a Human Hemoglobin Modified with Maleimide-Peg, Reduces Sickling of Red Blood Cells in an In Vitro Model." Blood 106, no. 11 (2005): 3798. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v106.11.3798.3798.

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Abstract Human hemoglobin surface-modified with maleimide polyethylene glycol (MP4) has been shown to be effective in transporting O2 and maintaining tissue perfusion in several animal models. MP4 appears to be free of vasoconstriction, and clinical trials have shown MP4 to be free of the side-effects commonly associated with hemoglobin-based products. Since MP4 is effective in delivering O2 to capillaries in the hamster microcirculation, our hypothesis is that it would be of therapeutic benefit in Sickle Cell Disease. In order to test this hypothesis, we measured pressure that develops as dil

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Rajkumar, D. S. R., A. V. Faitelson, O. S. Gudyrev, G. M. Dubrovin, M. V. Pokrovski, and A. V. Ivanov. "Comparative Evaluation of Enalapril and Losartan in Pharmacological Correction of Experimental Osteoporosis and Fractures of Its Background." Journal of Osteoporosis 2013 (2013): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/325693.

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In the experiment on the white Wistar female rats (222 animals), the osteoprotective effect of enalapril and losartan was studied on experimental models of osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures. It was revealed that in rats after ovariectomy, the endothelial dysfunction of microcirculation vessels of osteal tissue develops, resulting in occurrence of osteoporosis and delay of consolidation of experimental fractures. Enalapril and losartan prevented the reduction of microcirculation in bone, which was reflected in slowing the thinning of bone trabeculae and in preventing the occurrence of the

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Vassallo, Arlette, Alex J. Wood, Julien Subburayalu, Charlotte Summers, and Edwin R. Chilvers. "The counter-intuitive role of the neutrophil in the acute respiratory distress syndrome." British Medical Bulletin 131, no. 1 (2019): 43–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bmb/ldz024.

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Abstract Introduction Neutrophils are the primary effectors of the innate immune system but are profoundly histotoxic cells. The acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is considered to be a prime example of neutrophil-mediated tissue injury. Sources of data The information presented in this review is acquired from the published neutrophil cell biology literature and the longstanding interest of the senior authors in ARDS pathogenesis and clinical management. Areas of agreement Investigators in the field would agree that neutrophils accumulate in high abundance in the pulmonary microcircula

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Tabuchi, Arata, Michael Mertens, Hermann Kuppe, Axel R. Pries, and Wolfgang M. Kuebler. "Intravital microscopy of the murine pulmonary microcirculation." Journal of Applied Physiology 104, no. 2 (2008): 338–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00348.2007.

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Intravital microscopy (IVM) is considered as the gold standard for in vivo investigations of dynamic microvascular regulation. The availability of transgenic and knockout animals has propelled the development of murine IVM models for various organs, but technical approaches to the pulmonary microcirculation are still scarce. In anesthetized and ventilated BALB/c mice, we established a microscopic access to the surface of the right upper lung lobe by surgical excision of a window of 7- to 10-mm diameter from the right thoracic wall. The window was covered by a transparent polyvinylidene membran

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Jung, Yong Hun, Kamoljon Shamsiev, Najmiddin Mamadjonov, et al. "Relationship of common hemodynamic and respiratory target parameters with brain tissue oxygen tension in the absence of hypoxemia or hypotension after cardiac arrest: A post-hoc analysis of an experimental study using a pig model." PLOS ONE 16, no. 2 (2021): e0245931. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0245931.

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Brain tissue oxygen tension (PbtO2)-guided care, a therapeutic strategy to treat or prevent cerebral hypoxia through modifying determinants of cerebral oxygen delivery, including arterial oxygen tension (PaO2), end-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2), and mean arterial pressure (MAP), has recently been introduced. Studies have reported that cerebral hypoxia occurs after cardiac arrest in the absence of hypoxemia or hypotension. To obtain preliminary information on the degree to which PbtO2 is responsive to changes in the common target variables for PbtO2-guided care in conditions without hypoxemia or

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Long, Pan, Weiming Yan, Jianwen Liu, et al. "Therapeutic Effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine on a Rat Model of Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion." Journal of Ophthalmology 2019 (February 18, 2019): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/9521379.

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Branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) is a common retinal vascular disorder leading to visual impairment. Currently, the general strategies for BRVO are symptomatic therapies. Cardiovascular aspects are essential risk factors for BRVO. The traditional Chinese medicine hexuemingmu (HXMM), consisting of tanshinol and baicalin, dilates the vasculature and accelerates microcirculation. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the efficacy and possible mechanism of HXMM in a BRVO rat model established by laser photocoagulation. Successful BRVO rat models were treated with different doses of

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Nolte, D., P. Schmid, U. Jager, et al. "Leukocyte rolling in venules of striated muscle and skin is mediated by P-selectin, not by L-selectin." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 267, no. 4 (1994): H1637—H1642. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1994.267.4.h1637.

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Leukocyte rolling in post-capillary venules is mediated by adhesion molecules of the selectin family expressed on both leukocytes (L-selectin) and endothelial cells (E- and P-selectin). With the use of intravital fluorescence microscopy, the effects of antibodies against these selectins were analyzed in the skinfold chamber model of BALB/c mice and the ear model of homozygous hairless mice (hr/hr) that permit chronic observation of striated muscle and skin microcirculation in awake animals, respectively. Mice were injected intravenously with monoclonal antibodies (MAb) to murine L-selectin and

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Bashirov, Farid V., Ilnur I. Salafutdinov, Michail E. Sokolov, et al. "Umbilical Cord Blood Mononuclear Cells for Ex-Vivo Gene Therapy." Blood 132, Supplement 1 (2018): 5797. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2018-99-113462.

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Abstract Cell-mediated (ex-vivo) gene therapy for the treatment of adenosine deaminase (ADA)-deficient severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) had started in 1990 and nowadays it is the first marketing approval of an ex vivo gene therapy in Europe. The method based on ex-vivo transduction of peripheral blood lymphocytes with retroviral vector carrying the functional ADA gene in 2002 have been improved to use hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) for ex-vivo transduction with 100% survival and the evidence of safety and efficacy. Remarkably, umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells (UCB-MC) were successf

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de Melo, Juliana Oliveira, Laura Lícia Milani de Arruda, Silmara Baroni, et al. "Inhibitory Effect ofHelicteres gardnerianaEthanol Extract on Acute Inflammation." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2012 (2012): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/141947.

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The anti-inflammatory effect of an ethanol extract ofHelicteres gardneriana(Nees) Castiglioni was assayed in experimental models of pleurisy and microcirculationin situ. Treatment of animals with 500 mg/kg body weight reduced the exudate volume (35% reduction) induced by intrapleural injection of carrageenan and the migration of polymorphonuclear cells into the inflamed pleural cavity of rats (40%). Additionally, rolling and adhesion of leukocytes and the number of leukocytes that migrated toward the perivascular space in response to the carrageenan injection were decreased by the extract (500

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Xie, Yuli, Rebecca Seufert, John L. Magnani, William Kramer, and Helen M. Thackray. "Safety, Tolerability and Pharmacokinetics of GMI-1070, a Pan-Selectin Inhibitor for Treatment of Vaso-Occlusive Crisis: Single and Multiple Dose Studies in Healthy Volunteers." Blood 114, no. 22 (2009): 1526. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v114.22.1526.1526.

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Abstract Abstract 1526 Poster Board I-549 Introduction GMI-1070 is a pan-selectin inhibitor which targets E-, P-, and L-selectin, and has demonstrated activity in multiple animal models of disease including sickle cell vaso-occlusive crisis, myocardial infarction, delayed-type hypersensitivity, and microcirculation in diabetes. These Phase 1 healthy volunteer studies evaluated the safety, tolerability and pharmacokinetics (PK) of intravenous (IV) GMI-1070 in single and multiple doses, using a dose-ranging design. Methods A total of 72 healthy volunteers were randomized to receive study drug (G

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Poteryaeva, O. N., and I. F. Usynin. "Molecular mechanisms of action and physiological effects of the proinsulin C-peptide (a systematic review)." Biomeditsinskaya Khimiya 66, no. 3 (2020): 196–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.18097/pbmc20206603196.

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The C-peptide is a fragment of proinsulin, the cleavage of which forms active insulin. In recent years, new information has appeared on the physiological effects of the C-peptide, indicating its positive effect on many organs and tissues, including the kidneys, nervous system, heart, vascular endothelium and blood microcirculation. Studies on experimental models of diabetes mellitus in animals, as well as clinical trials in patients with diabetes, have shown that the C-peptide has an important regulatory effect on the early stages of functional and structural disorders caused by this disease.

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Shen, Hai-Ying, Hai Sun, Marissa M. Hanthorn, et al. "Overexpression of adenosine kinase in cortical astrocytes and focal neocortical epilepsy in mice." Journal of Neurosurgery 120, no. 3 (2014): 628–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2013.10.jns13918.

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Object New experimental models and diagnostic methods are needed to better understand the pathophysiology of focal neocortical epilepsies in a search for improved epilepsy treatment options. The authors hypothesized that a focal disruption of adenosine homeostasis in the neocortex might be sufficient to trigger electrographic seizures. They further hypothesized that a focal disruption of adenosine homeostasis might affect microcirculation and thus offer a diagnostic opportunity for the detection of a seizure focus located in the neocortex. Methods Focal disruption of adenosine homeostasis was

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Hendrickson, Carolyn M., and Michael A. Matthay. "Endothelial biomarkers in human sepsis: pathogenesis and prognosis for ARDS." Pulmonary Circulation 8, no. 2 (2018): 204589401876987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2045894018769876.

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Experimental models of sepsis in small and large animals and a variety of in vitro preparations have established several basic mechanisms that drive endothelial injury. This review is focused on what can be learned from the results of clinical studies of plasma biomarkers of endothelial injury and inflammation in patients with sepsis. There is excellent evidence that elevated plasma levels of several biomarkers of endothelial injury, including von Willebrand factor antigen (VWF), angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2), and soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFLT-1), and biomarkers of inflammation, especially

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Plotnikov, Mark B., Galina A. Chernysheva, Oleg I. Aliev, et al. "Protective Effects of a New C-Jun N-terminal Kinase Inhibitor in the Model of Global Cerebral Ischemia in Rats." Molecules 24, no. 9 (2019): 1722. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24091722.

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c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) is activated by various brain insults and is implicated in neuronal injury triggered by reperfusion-induced oxidative stress. Some JNK inhibitors demonstrated neuroprotective potential in various models, including cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. The objective of the present work was to study the neuroprotective activity of a new specific JNK inhibitor, IQ-1S (11H-indeno[1,2-b]quinoxalin-11-one oxime sodium salt), in the model of global cerebral ischemia (GCI) in rats compared with citicoline (cytidine-5′-diphosphocholine), a drug approved for the treatment o

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Makarenko, O. L., M. M. Koptev, B. M. Filenko, N. I. Vynnyk, and O. V. Kokovsʹka. "The Cervical Fold Suspension Model of Acute Stress in Rats and Its Impact on the Spleen." Ukraïnsʹkij žurnal medicini, bìologìï ta sportu 6, no. 3 (2021): 108–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.26693/jmbs06.03.108.

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Notwithstanding the long history of research, versatile studies of stress effect on living organisms are relevant to date. The stress response that arose in the process of evolution as a component of the adaptation process, in case of its unfavorable course, can trigger pathogenetic mechanisms of numerous pathologies. Investigation of the effect of stress reactions on living organisms requires the use of laboratory animals in the experimental studies, to which there is currently no alternative. In our opinion, special attention should be paid to those experimental models of stress that are eas

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