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Academic literature on the topic 'Microclimat urbain – Nantes (Loire-Atlantique)'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Microclimat urbain – Nantes (Loire-Atlantique)"
Benzerzour, Mohamed. "Transformations urbaines et variations du microclimat : application au centre ancien de Nantes et proposition d'un indicateur "morpho-climatique"." Phd thesis, Université de Nantes, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00428536.
Full textGAYRARD, GEORGES. "Production et transformation de l'espace urbain nantais, de la revolution a la seconde guerre mondiale : systemes et processus." Nantes, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993NANT3012.
Full textThe growth of the town was not so much dictated by the natural geography of the site, as by the existence of the port which drew the town downstream, and the determination of local dignitaries to contain it within the territorial limits of the commune, the identification of the interests of the town with those of the port results from a gross exaggeration of the role attributed of the latter in terms of its importance on the estuary as well as nationally or even internatio naly. This mythical notion is common to all social groups. It nonetheless allowed the decision-makers to obtain wholehearted support for their plans. Throughout this period the local authorities remained almost identical in composit ion, but the scope of their decision-making, their social makeup and the conception they had of their own role varied greatly. A liberal phase, gave the essential role to private initiative in the genesis of the new urban areas. In the following phase, that of the welfare state, the local authorities were seen to intervene more and more, either directly or through their planning activities. However, throughout this period, the local authorities showed that they were a force to be reckoned with, able to impose their will, on the government for example
Nicolas, Amélie. "Usages sociaux de la mémoire et projet d'aménagement urbain : les héritages industriels et portuaires à l'épreuve du projet de l'île de Nantes." Nantes, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NANT3030.
Full textThis study deals with the "Ile de Nantes" urban project, concerning a vast 350 ha area along the town centre which is meant to become a metropolitan city core and is scattered on its west part with industrial and port wastelands. The ethnographical approach and research led to the analysis of how memory is used in this ongoing regeneration process. Heritage claims put forward by association members committed to the defence of the memory of the precinct and initiated by intellectuals, historians, professionals or amateurs are opposed to a "clean sweep policy". The urban public action then turns towards a project more considering of a real heritage policy which is an important way of achieving a local consensus. However, these renewed uses of memory also take part in strategic stakes for the globalisation of Nantes considering the strong international competition between cities. The Ile de Nantes project displays its peculiarity in the way it pays attention to inherited urban forms, forms that creates the city atmosphere (conservation of cranes, halls, slabs and docks of the ship building factories for example) and marks the regenerating area. A specific memory is thus created and used in development operations, leading to a new form of narrative which is easily shared by all the actors of the urban project and can furthermore be adapted to the gentrification happening in such a regenerated area
Vigne, Margaux. "Occuper les lieux - Occuper les habitants : ethnographie de deux expérimentations institutionnelles. Bruxelles, Nantes." Thesis, Nantes, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NANT2050.
Full textThis thesis challenges the hypothesis of the "temporary" and of "experimentation" as promises of the urban fabric renewal, through a cross-ethnography of two participatory devices. The study proposes a three-fold description of these experiences. The first analyses the projects from the point of view of their results,taking into account the objectives and ambitions attributed by the stakeholders, describing their genealogies, stakes and justifications. The second broadens the observation to the places built, to the way inhabitants catch it, to their use within the city and thus, to social, urban and political questions raised. The third tracks the trajectory and the scope of the experimentations from the public stakeholders' practices, and questions more specifically their potential in terms of institutional transformation. The expression Occupy the places - Occupy the inhabitants questions the participation of inhabitants' evolutions and the tactical urbanism' development regarding the control of space, time and attention through urban transformation. With the idea of institutional experimentation, the aim is to analyse experimentation as a new norm between discourses and practices, in particular the risks and promises raised by experimental urbanism. Between involvement and detachment, this cross-investigation is also a way to explore research itself, its methods, its role among society and the use of its productions
Guerry, Marion. "Vivre sur un espace en renouvellement urbain : l'exemple du projet d'aménagement de l'Ile de Nantes et de ses commerçants." Thesis, Tours, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009TOUR2009/document.
Full textThis thesis, set in the field of urban sociology, explores the conditions favoring a modification of the social order in the urban space. How do new structures impose themselves thus transforming the social reality into a new one ? The urban space having at the same time a material and a social content interacting with each other. This work intends to demonstrate that urban action is an instrument which creates a new social order, because this process implies a control on the aspect of spaces by trying to correct their potential imbalances and defects. Following the example of a urban regeneration, this work sociologically observes and analyses the propositions made to change the urban space and the effects it has on the social reality. The interest of this research is to observe a process at the same time it is being developed. The aim of the study is to show how the space that has been conceived and thought beforehand meets the space where one lives
Gangloff, Emmanuelle. "Quand la scénographie devient urbaine : Nantes comme observatoire des fonctions du scénographe dans la fabrique de la ville." Thesis, Angers, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ANGE0018/document.
Full textBased on the current effervescence of scenography in the creative environment , this work proposes to study the appearance of a specific function around the concept of urban scenography in the fabric of the contemporary city. Since the 1980s, in a context of the development of event, creative and cultural city, we are witnessing a multiplication of ephemeral artistic proposals deploying scenographic devices in the public space that evolve modes of action of the actors of the urban factory (cultural operators, artists, public managers and developers). Between theater and public space, stage and city, we will trace the origins of the scenography and then take an interest in the Nantes scene, which is considered here as a laboratory of different forms that can take urban scenography. Infact, in urban space, it is an identifying an emerging professional group, the scenographers, about the evolution of their practices outside the theater. Then, by tightening the focus on a territory, we characterize more specifically the function of urban scenography in its contemporary meaning reflecting an evolution of the place of artistic creation in the urban factory. A larger scale, this study calls into question the production of urban spaces, revealing tension between functional necessity and the conception of sensitive spaces. Between artistic and dynamic recovery, this research informs us about an embodiment of the contemporary city at the interface between town planning of entertainment and artistic utopia
Miranda-Arias, Mónica-Sofia. "L'événement urbain festif : vers une « gestion de site exploratoire » sur lespace public ? : les cas de Nantes et de Bordeaux." Thesis, Paris Est, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PEST1116.
Full textFestive urban events (EUF) stand out not only as new social practices, but also as urban actions providing a basis for urban research. Compared to "traditional" urban actions and current methods of public space management, Festive urban events in public spaces follow different dynamics ; they are ephemeral, cyclic, and immaterial. This research examines the management implications of Festive urban events and attempts to determine if these events' dynamics can unlock new perspectives for public space management.To answer our research enquiries, a Management of site (GS) theoretical framework is used. This theoretical framework describes and addresses the common management methods of four urban sites : multimodal rail stations, downtown areas, shopping malls, and private residences with services. These four site types are complexes, incorporating the coexistence of multiple urban functions and services, varied practices and interacting sector-based interests. These site types are permanent and offer a unique ambiance to their users. It appeared early on that a Management of site framework also allows describing the management methods of another kind of urban site, ephemeral nature, which seems as complex as those previously analyzed by this theoretical framework: the ephemeral sites in which Festive urban events are held. The Management of site framework was therefore examined with two different Festive urban events taking place in an ephemeral site : Bordeaux-fête-le-vin in the city of Bordeaux and the Rendez-vous de l'Erdre in the city of Nantes. This choice was made largely because these Festive urban events are held in ephemeral sites comprised of a number of different yet interacting components that require complex management : riverbank public places. The analysis of management methods of both these Festive urban events through the prism of the Management of site framework provides substantial insight into special event management. This insight enhances our understanding of complex public space manag ement and enriches the Management of site framework by introducing new analysis criteria
Fretigny, Raphaël. "Financer la cité : la Caisse des dépôts et l'économie politique du développement urbain." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO20124/document.
Full textThis dissertation aims at finding a coherence in the diversity of interventions and in the evolution of the Caisse des Dépôts et Consignations (CDC) in urban development. It analyses the involvement of this public financial institution in urban development, by placing the focus on the articulation of its two major characteristics. While being subjected to political injunctions and to the "general interest", the CDC has to remunerate the capital it manages, especially household savings. The inquiry consists in "following" the money from the deposit to its investment in the urban setting. The study focuses in particular on two cities: Nantes and Sarcelles.This dissertation reveals how the changing role of the State and of the CDC in the financial system has left a significant mark on urban forms. It shows how much postwar urban growth owes to the CDC. At the time, this institution routed, under the control of the state, a large portion of savings into the financing of urban development. The shape of the housing projects (grands ensembles) owes much to the financial model and technical subsidiaries of the CDC. Financial liberalization in the 1980s then reduced the influence of the CDC on savings and on credits to urban development, in favor of the market. Reforms of accounting techniques and norms gradually imposed market discipline to the CDC’s financial circuits and tended to confine its role in support of urban policies to credits for social housing
Durand, Anne. "De la mutabilité urbaine : une démarche ouverte pour fabriquer les villes." Thesis, Paris Est, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PESC1191.
Full textUrban planning can be considered out-dated in a society where it has become impossible to project a linear future. We have arrived at the end of a paradigm, as can be witnessed in the analysis of the Schéma Directeur d'Aménagement Urbain of the Paris region (SDAU) of 1965. Our research focuses on two situations arising from alternatives to rigid urban planning: the case of the “Plan-guide” of the Isle of Nantes and the initiative “Neighbourhood Improvement Community Programme” (Programas Comunitario de Mejoramiento de Barrios), established between the Mexican government and the community. Each case study allows us to identify constitutive elements of “urban mutability”, defined here as the capacity of cities to welcome change and favour “the possible” (les possibles) in their making. These constitutive elements go beyond the spatial structure of the city and attempt to create a procedure for accepting uncertainty. We have defined three conditions that permit an operational understanding of the concept: accommodation of change (1), acceptance of uncertainty (2), sharing of collective inventions (3). Each condition necessitates an active follow through that we will expand upon in the last section, and which has led us to the definition of several types of mutability, each with their own temporality, urgency, and length of preparation. All have their place in the creation of cities as they allow us to breathe life into each space, each instant. Urban mutability does not offer a model, but rather validates other ways of acting. It questions the meaning of “alternative” (l'autrement), which means that the distance created in the step away from preconceived models and assurances allows a locally defined framework of meta-regulations to open new “possibles” for cities