Relevant bibliographies by topics / Microcoleus

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Academic literature on the topic 'Microcoleus'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 12 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Microcoleus"

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Rosowski, J. R., J. J. Shaffer, E. L. Martin, T. A. Kokjohn, and K. W. Lee. "First Report of a Putative Cyanophage, Mc-1, of Microcoleus Sp." Microscopy and Microanalysis 5, S2 (August 1999): 1142–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600019036.

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A current review (1) lists 21 cyanophages of coccoid and filamentous heterocystic and non-heterocystic blue-green algae (BGA). The capsid diameters of these viruses range from 50-90 nm, and none have been previously reported for Microcoleus,a sheath-producing, filamentous, surface colonizing BGA (Fig. 1), of the order Oscillatoriales, and class Cyanophyceae (= Cyanobacteria). From a freshwater culture of Microcoleussp. we report here a putative cyanophage with a side-to-side hexagonal capsid diameter of 140 nm, based on measurements from thin sections of algal filaments prepared for transmission electron microscopy (TEM).An earlier report (2) documented the ultrastructure of mucilage secretion, and its role in sheath, trichome and filament formation in an isolate of the BGA Microcoleus sp. grown in soil-water medium. Now we report large cyanophage-like particles in a majority of cells making up the trichomes. These putative hexagonal viral capsids (Figs. 2-5) are mainly clustered in the center or to one side of the nucleoplasm.
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Trnková, Kateřina, and Nele Tschense. "Structure and function of biological soil crusts from Antarctica with a special respect to their microtopography and UV-B sensitivity." Czech Polar Reports 9, no. 2 (June 1, 2019): 243–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cpr2019-2-20.

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Although an extensive professional literature exists on biological soil crusts (BSCs), especially on the species composition of hetero- and autotrophs forming the micro-biological comunity, micromorphological information on BSCs is extremely scarce. In our study, we focused on microstructure of the BSCs from the James Ross Island (Antarctica). We combined the approach of digital microscopy to study surface roughness of the BSCs with taxonomy of BSC-forming autotrophs and chlorophyll fluorescence study focused on the photosynthetic functioning of BSCs when exposed to controlled UV-B stress. Microprofiling of BSCs resulted in the finding that the examined BSCs might be classified as fine-grained surface with roughness characteristics: Ra (37.9 μm) and Rz (136.9 μm). The BSCs were rich in microautotrophs, both algae and cyanobacteria, however, Microcoleus sp. was found dominating species. It formed multifilament ropes on and inside the BSCs. Under UV-B stress, Microcoleus- and Nostoc-dominated BSC parts showed similar sensitivity and acclimatory response so long-term UV-B treatment, however, Microcoleus seemed to be slightly more sensitive to UV-B. Microcoleus-dominated parts of BSCs showed less pronounced acclimation to UV-B treatment than Nostoc-dominated parts. It was reflected in lower values of maximum (FV/FM) and effective (FPSII) quantum yields recorded after 6 d exposition.
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Hernández-Mariné, Mariona. "Electron microscopic characterization of Microcoleus chthonoplastes THUR. (Cyanobacteria)." Algological Studies/Archiv für Hydrobiologie, Supplement Volumes 83 (December 19, 1996): 347–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/algol_stud/83/1996/347.

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Grimalt, Joan O., Rutger de Wit, Pilar Teixidor, and Joan Albaigés. "Lipid biogeochemistry of Phormidium and Microcoleus mats." Organic Geochemistry 19, no. 4-6 (December 1992): 509–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0146-6380(92)90015-p.

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Omoregie, Enoma O., Lori L. Crumbliss, Brad M. Bebout, and Jonathan P. Zehr. "Determination of Nitrogen-Fixing Phylotypes in Lyngbya sp. and Microcoleuschthonoplastes Cyanobacterial Mats from Guerrero Negro, Baja California, Mexico." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 70, no. 4 (April 2004): 2119–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.70.4.2119-2128.2004.

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ABSTRACT In many environments, biological nitrogen fixation can alleviate nitrogen limitation. The high rates of N2 fixation often observed in cyanobacterial mats suggest that N2 fixation may be an important source of N. In this study, organisms expressing nifH were identified in a Lyngbya sp.- and two Microcoleus chthonoplastes-dominated cyanobacterial mats. The pattern of nitrogenase activity was determined for the Lyngbya sp. mat and a Microcoleus chthonoplastes mat sampled directly in Guerrero Negro, Mexico. Their maximum rates were 23 and 15 μmol of C2H4 m−2 h−1, respectively. The second Microcoleus mat, which was maintained in a greenhouse facility, had a maximum rate of 40 μmol of C2H4 m−2 h−1. The overall diel pattern of nitrogenase activity in the three mats was similar, with the highest rates of activity occurring during the dark period. Analysis of nifH transcripts by reverse transcription-PCR revealed that several different organisms were expressing nifH during the dark period. nifH phylotypes recovered from these mats were similar to sequences from the unicellular cyanobacterial genera Halothece, Myxosarcina, and Synechocystis, the filamentous cyanobacterial genera Plectonema and Phormidium, and several bacterial nifH groups. The results of this study indicate that several different organisms, some of which were not previously known to fix nitrogen, are likely to be responsible for the observed dark-period nitrogenase activity in these cyanobacterial mats.
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Wit, Rutger, Wim H. M. Boekel, and Hans Gemerden. "Growth of the cyanobacterium Microcoleus chtonoplastes on sulfide." FEMS Microbiology Letters 53, no. 3-4 (May 1988): 203–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1988.tb02665.x.

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Kupriyanova, E. V., A. G. Markelova, N. V. Lebedeva, L. M. Gerasimenko, G. A. Zavarzin, and N. A. Pronina. "Carbonic Anhydrase of the Alkaliphilic Cyanobacterium Microcoleus chthonoplastes." Microbiology 73, no. 3 (May 2004): 255–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:mici.0000032233.36705.5a.

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Wit, Rutger, and Hans Gemerden. "Oxidation of sulfide to thiosulfate by Microcoleus chtonoplastes." FEMS Microbiology Letters 45, no. 1 (February 1987): 7–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1987.tb02332.x.

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MACHADO DE LIMA, NÁTHALI MARIA, and LUIS H. Z. BRANCO. "Biological soil crusts: new genera and species of Cyanobacteria from Brazilian semi-arid regions." Phytotaxa 470, no. 4 (November 9, 2020): 263–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.470.4.1.

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In the uppermost millimeters of soils is commonly found a thin layer of cryptobiotic organisms, including cyanobacteria, microalgae, lichens, mosses, fungi, bacteria and archaea. These communities are called Biological Soil Crusts (BSCs) or biocrusts and perform important ecological functions, mainly attributed to their capacity of providing soil stability and incorporate nutrients through nitrogen and carbon fixation. Among all the organisms found in the biocrusts, the filamentous cyanobacteria Microcoleus vaginatus and M. steenstrupii are the best studied soil colonizers. The genus Microcoleus is considered complex and has been showing close relation with some species of Phormidium. The poor understanding about these two genera is a limit to the description of the real composition of biocrusts and can generate underestimations in the diversity community and the use of wrong organisms in applied projects (e.g. environmental restoration). This work studied eight cyanobacterial populations from Brazilian BSCs sampled in the Caatinga biome. The populations presented Microcoleus-like and Phormidium-like morphologies, but the phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that they represent three new genera and six new species of filamentous cyanobacteria associated to the cryptic genera, they are Pycnacronema caatingensis sp. nov., Pycnacronema edaphica sp. nov., Gracilinea arenicola gen. et sp. nov., Marmoreocelis xerophila gen. et sp. nov., Konicacronema caatinguensis gen. et sp. nov. and Trichocoleus caatingensis sp. nov. The generic name and specific epithets of the new taxa are proposed according to the provisions of the International Code of Nomenclature of algae, fungi, and plants.
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Davydov, Denis. "Cyanoprokaryotes of the west part of Oscar II Land, West Spitsbergen Island, Spitsbergen archipelago." Czech Polar Reports 7, no. 1 (January 1, 2017): 94–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cpr2017-1-10.

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The present study provides new information about the diversity of freshwater and terrestrial cyanoprokaryotes of the western part of the Oscar II Land, Spitsbergen (Svalbard) archipelago. Altogether, and 51 taxa were found in different habitats (29 species was found on wet rocks, 21 on the seepages, 18 on the lakes, 11 on the moss tundra), mainly in wet ones. Nostoc commune, Gloeocapsa kuetzingiana, Microcoleus autumnalis, and Microcoleus vaginatus dominated almost all types of habitats. Aphanocapsa rivularis and Woronichinia karelica are reported for the first time for Spitsbergen flora. The studied flora is most similar to the flora of the vicinity of settlement Pyramiden. Since all these areas are dominated by carbonate rocks, it can assume that this might be due to the similarity of the geological conditions. In general, the cyanobacterial (cyanoprokaryotes) flora of western part of the Oscar II Land includes widespread, frequent and typical Spitsbergen species.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Microcoleus"

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Davies, Gail. "The physiological-ecology of the cyanobacterium Microcoleus." Thesis, Durham University, 1989. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/6508/.

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A study was carried out to determine how widespread N(_2) fixation is in the cyanobacterium Microcoleus, both in the laboratory and in the field. The research was extended to compare the influence of environmental variables on both Ng fixing and non-fixing strains of Microcoleus isolated from a range of habitats. Since the morphology of Microcoleus strains is likely to influence their physiology, attempts were made to grow them in vitro in a form morphologically akin to that in the field i.e. with a communal sheath. Limited success was achieved with Microcoleus D634 on incubating in standard medium supplemented with 516 mM Na and 125 mM Ca (salinity of 30% as shown by hydrometer) , where a thin, communal sheath was only found intermittently surrounding 2-3 trichomes. All five strains were mixohaline growing at salinities of 0.5 – 30 (40) % and surviving periods under euryhaline (30 – 40%) and polyhaline (>40%) conditions. The shorter the time of exposure the higher the salinity tolerated. Growth varied according to the ratio of Na(^+) to Ca(^2+), Na(^+) to K(^+) and Na(^+) to Mg(^2+). Despite many changes in the nutrient status of the medium (Na(^+), Ca(^2+), Mg(^2+), K(^+)) at varying PAR and temperature, under oxic and micro-oxic conditions, only one of the five strains (Microcoleus D778) fixed N(_2) as shown by acetylene reduction activity (ARA) and growth in the absence of combined N. No ARA was detected for Microcoleus mats at Gibraltar Point, over two diel cycles in August 1986; however, when ARA was measured at Church Island, Anglesey (from whence Pearson et al., (1979) isolated Microcoleus D778), over 6 diel periods between June and October, 1987, ARA was detectable at all times between 0.1 and 3.4 nmol C(_2)H(_4) cm(^-2) h(^-1) using 4 h incubation periods. A different response in ARA was found on each occasion; generally, high activity (with > 70% in the dark) was found on sunny days and low, fairly constant ARA during cloudy, overcast days. On incubating Microcoleus D778 in 86 mM Na (salinity of 5%) at 20ºC under 16:8 and 8:16 light (50 µmol photon m(^-2) s(^-1)):dark, the majority (72 and 92% respectively) of ARA occurred in the dark, whereas in 20:4 and 16:8 light: dark only 19 and 40% ARA occurred in the light. However, ARA over a 16:8 light:dark cycle varied with PAR, salinity and temperature. In addition, the optimum temperature for ARA varied according to pH and salinity. When DCMU was added to Microcoleus mats and to axenic cultures, ARA increased markedly; the precise value depending on PAR and preincubation conditions.
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Lodders, Nicole. "Genetische Populationsstrukturen und Biogeographie des Cyanobakteriums Microcoleus chthonoplastes." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://www.digibib.tu-bs.de/?docid=00012465.

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Stephens, Elizabeth A. "Microcoleus dominated salt marsh microbial mats: Spirochetes and sulfide." 2009. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations/AAI3351414.

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Microbial mats are synergistic microbial consortia through which major elements, including sulfur, are cycled due to microbial and geological processes. Depth profiles of pH, O2, sulfide, exopolymeric substances (EPS), and the rate of sulfate reduction were determined in a Microcoleus -dominated marine microbial mat at the Great Sippewissett salt marsh, Massachusetts. In addition, measurements in spirochete enrichments and Spirochaetae litoralis cultures showed sulfide consumption during which polysulfides, thiosulfate, and presumably sulfate formed. These data suggest that spirochetes can play a role in the cycling of sulfur in these mats. The obligate to facultative anaerobic spirochetes consume sulfide to remove oxygen. Furthermore, spirochetes may enhance preservation of microbial mats within the rock record by degrading EPS and producing low molecular weight organic compounds (LMWOC). Both sulfide oxidation (i.e. oxygen removal) and EPS degradation (i.e. production of LMW organic compounds) stimulate the activity of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB), which are responsible for the precipitation of calcium carbonate in most lithifying mats.
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Lodders, Nicole [Verfasser]. "Genetische Populationsstrukturen und Biogeographie des Cyanobakteriums Microcoleus chthonoplastes / von Nicole Lodders." 2006. http://d-nb.info/981286585/34.

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STRUNECKÝ, Otakar. "Phylogeny, Phytogeography, and Taxonomy of Polar Oscillatoriales." Doctoral thesis, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-112747.

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Morphological and phylogenetic diversity of 143 strains belonging to Oscillatoriales with focuson traditional genera Phormidium sensu lato and Microcoleus were studied. The 88 strains of Ph. autumnale, Ph. setchelianum, Ph. subfuscum, Ph. favosum etc., and M. vaginatus confirmed the generic identity with typical Microcoleus Desmazi?res ex Gomont. The necessary nomenclatoric transfers were realized defining the revised genus Microcoleus. Based on phylogeny and morphology the taxonomic revision of the Antarctic species Ph. murrayi (Lyngbya murray West & West) was implemented and the genus Wilmottia was established. The phylogenetic evaluation of morpho-species included in Phormidium group I (Ph. lloydianum and Ph. acuminatum Gomont) preceded the definition of species Oxynema thaianum spec. nova. The biogeography of Antarctic and Arctic strains of M. vaginatus (Ph. autumnale) based on 16S rDNA and ITS (internal transcribed spacer of the 16S rDNA -23SrDNA ribosomal operon) sequences and strain's morphology was evaluated. The comparison of polar and non-polar strains indicated that the Antarctic populations of M. vaginatus remained isolated from time of the isolation of the Antarctica from the Gondwana before ~31?45 Ma, whereas the transport of populations within Arctic is relatively frequent even at the present time. It was shown that the polar strains of M. vaginatus from the north and south polar areas were not identical.
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"Microbial Restoration Ecology of Biological Soil Crusts." Doctoral diss., 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.53653.

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abstract: Biological soil crusts (biocrusts) are topsoil communities of organisms that contribute to soil fertility and erosion resistance in drylands. Anthropogenic disturbances can quickly damage these communities and their natural recovery can take decades. With the development of accelerated restoration strategies in mind, I studied physiological mechanisms controlling the establishment of cyanobacteria in biocrusts, since these photoautotrophs are not just the biocrust pioneer organisms, but also largely responsible for improving key soil attributes such as physical stability, nutrient content, water retention and albedo. I started by determining the cyanobacterial community composition of a variety of biocrust types from deserts in the Southwestern US. I then isolated a large number of cyanobacterial strains from these locations, pedigreed them based on their 16SrRNA gene sequences, and selective representatives that matched the most abundant cyanobacterial field populations. I then developed methodologies for large-scale growth of the selected isolates to produce location-specific and genetically autochthonous inoculum for restoration. I also developed and tested viable methodologies to physiologically harden this inoculum and improve its survival under harsh field conditions. My tests proved that in most cases good viability of the inoculum could be attained under field-like conditions. In parallel, I used molecular ecology approaches to show that the biocrust pioneer, Microcoleus vaginatus, shapes its surrounding heterotrophic microbiome, enriching for a compositionally-differentiated “cyanosphere” that concentrates the nitrogen-fixing function. I proposed that a mutualism based on carbon for nitrogen exchange between M. vaginatus and its cyanosphere creates a consortium that constitutes the true pioneer community enabling the colonization of nitrogen-poor, bare soils. Using the right mixture of photosynthetic and diazotrophic cultures will thus likely help in soil restoration. Additionally, using physiological assays and molecular meta-analyses, I demonstrated that the largest contributors to N2-fixation in late successional biocrusts (three genera of heterocystous cyanobacteria) partition their niche along temperature gradients, and that this can explain their geographic patterns of dominance within biocrusts worldwide. This finding can improve restoration strategies by incorporating climate-matched physiological types in inoculum formulations. In all, this dissertation resulted in the establishment of a comprehensive "cyanobacterial biocrust nursery", that includes a culture collection containing 101 strains, isolation and cultivation methods, inoculum design strategies as well as field conditioning protocols. It constitutes a new interdisciplinary application of microbiology in restoration ecology.
Dissertation/Thesis
Doctoral Dissertation Liberal Studies 2019
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Book chapters on the topic "Microcoleus"

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Moezelaar, Roy, and Lucas J. Stal. "Anaerobic dark energy generation in the mat-building cyanobacterium Microcoleus chthonoplastes." In Microbial Mats, 273–78. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78991-5_28.

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Ramsing, Niels B., and Lee Prufert-Bebout. "Motility of Microcoleus chthonoplastes subjected to different light intensities quantified by digital image analysis." In Microbial Mats, 183–91. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78991-5_19.

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de Wit, Rutger, Joan O. Grimalt, and Mariona Hernandez-Mariné. "Morphological and chemical transformations of Microcoleus chthonoplastes during early diagenesis in hypersaline microbial mats." In Microbial Mats, 69–76. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78991-5_7.

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Prufert-Bebout, Lee, and Ferran Garcia-Pichel. "Field and cultivated Microcoleus chthonoplastes: The search for clues to its prevalence in marine microbial mats." In Microbial Mats, 111–16. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78991-5_12.

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Marais, David J. Des. "Marine Hypersaline Microcoleus-Dominated Cyanobacterial Mats in the Saltern at Guerrero Negro, Baja California Sur, Mexico: A System-Level Perspective." In Cellular Origin, Life in Extreme Habitats and Astrobiology, 401–20. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3799-2_21.

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