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Journal articles on the topic 'Microcontroller'
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1
Jovanović, Borisav, Milunka Damnjanović, Predrag Petković, and Vančo Litovski. "Standard Cell-Based Low Power Embedded Controller Design." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 24, no. 06 (May 26, 2015): 1550077. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126615500772.
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Microcontrollers represent unavoidable parts of state-of-the-art system-on-chips (SoCs) and they are widely embedded as IP blocks. This paper describes design steps and the application of available low-power techniques, to the design of a microcontroller IP core with 8051 instruction set, based on a prescribed standard cell libraries. Choice of the technology node and the cell library supplier is a design challenge that was considered and conclusions reached. The necessary steps of microcontroller design flow are presented which enable power reduction at several abstraction levels. An optimal microcontroller was designed to be embedded in various SoCs. The goal was to get energy-efficient microcontroller operation in applications which don't require intensive data processing. The impact of technology scaling on microcontroller energy efficiency is considered by comparison of the results obtained from implementations in three standard cell technologies. Moreover, power dissipation models are created which allow for microcontroller's power estimation in low throughput sensors networks applications.
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Baklanov, Alexander, Svetlana Grigoryeva, Aslim Alimkhanova, and Alexander Dmitriev. "An indoor temperature control system based on visible light communications technology." Science Bulletin of the Novosibirsk State Technical University, no. 2-3 (November 13, 2020): 7–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.17212/1814-1196-2020-2-3-7-24.
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The article proposes a new approach to temperature control in a building based on the Visible Light Communications technology. This approach is based on using LED lamps as temperature data transmitters as well as for lighting. Light modulation based on the UART standard was used for data transfer. A photodiode with the capability to distinguish relatively weak signals was used for receiving data. All data processing was performed by microcontrollers. UART-based modulation was also performed on a microcontrolle. The article describes in detail schematic circuits of transmitting and receiving devices. Based on developeed schematic circuits, a new experimental setup consisting of two units was created. The transmission unit includes a temperature sensor, a microcontroller, a driver and an LED. The receiving unit includes a photodiode, an amplifier and a microcontroller. An ATmega328P chip was used for both microcontrollers. Experimental setup consists of experimental models of both units. For signal transmission control, measurements of the pulse level and shape were conducted in the receiving device with an oscillograph. The signal level was anaylsed after all electronic components but before entering the microcontroller. Experimental results have shown that data transmission with the use of white LEDs was relatively stable. This allows the possibility of organising wireless control of temperature conditions on premises without Wi-Fi. Perspective uses of temperature control with white LEDs approach include the creation of “Smart house» control system without using wirelines and with cheap microcontrollers, which signficiantly decreases costs of the system.
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Ali, A. Z. A., M. F. Zakaria, M. N. A. Mohamad, W. N. A. W. Muhammad, and W. S. I. W. Salim. "Development of Electronic Valve Timing Control Unit for Single Piston Expander with Microcontroller." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2312, no. 1 (August 1, 2022): 012073. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2312/1/012073.
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Abstract An electronic valve timing control unit has been developed mainly for the internal combustion engine operation. This study aims to implement a similar technology into a single-piston expander (SPE) with readily available and low-cost microcontrollers. The study used an Arduino Mega 2560 and ESP32-WROOM microcontrollers to control the valve timing with the rotational input signal obtained from an absolute encoder. The SPE has been expected to run at the rotational speed of up to 2000 rpm. This setup was prepared to simulate the actual SPE operation using a direct current motor to drive the spindle connected to the encoder shaft to create a similar hardware testing and controlled environment. The study aims to identify the efficiency of the microcontroller’s performance with a variation of the valve’s opening and closing time. Results have shown that the clock rate of the microcontroller affects the performance of valve timing response. By increasing the clock rate, the microcontroller can control the valve at a higher speed.
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Ramu, Kurinjimalar, M. Ramachandran, and Manjula Selvam. "Microcontroller Based Sensor Interface and Its Investigation." Electrical and Automation Engineering 1, no. 2 (July 1, 2022): 92–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.46632/eae/1/2/4.
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A microcontroller (sometimes called an MCU or microcontroller unit) is an integrated circuit (IS) commonly used for a specific application designed to do certain tasks. Devices, power tools, and automobile engine control products must be controlled automatically under certain conditions, such as computers and systems. And best examples of devices, but microcontrollers are beyond these applications. Essentially, the microcontroller collects input, processes this information, and publishes a specific action based on the information collected. Microcontrollers typically operate at low speeds of 1 MHz to 200 MHz and must be designed to use less power as they are embedded in other devices with higher power consumption in other areas. The microcontroller is a particular feature inside the embedded system a small included designed to manage Round. A common microcontroller chip processor, Memory and input output (I / O) gadgets Contains. Microcontrollers embedded Controller or microcontroller unit (MCU),Vehicles, robots, every now and then the workplace Machinery, Medical Devices, Mobile Radio Transceivers, vending machines and family Found in consumables. Unnecessarily small a small aspect designed to govern functions of the portable of private computer systems. For a complex pre-very last running system (OS).
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Orlando, Dani, Daniel Kaparang, and Kristofel Santa. "Perancangan Sistem Kontrol Suhu Ruangan Server Menggunakan Arduino Uno Di Pusat Komputer Universitas Negeri Manado." Jointer - Journal of Informatics Engineering 2, no. 02 (December 31, 2021): 17–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.53682/jointer.v2i02.24.
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Abstract—Microcontrollers are now growing rapidly and are increasingly in demand on system applications control. These days, there are many microcontrollers that already in module form. One of the microcontroller module that is widely used is Arduino. Arduino is a type of board which contains a microcontroller. Combined with the ESP8266-01 module and NodeMCU makes the microcontroller can be connected via internet network. Microcontroller board device Arduino makes it possible to process the temperature reading data from the temperature sensor for support to the display unit using an android based smartphone and controlling AC temperature using Telegram. The processing result data from this Arduino board will be transmitted using wireless media connected to internet network.
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Vinko, Davor, Kruno Miličević, Ivica Lukić, and Mirko Köhler. "Microcontroller-Based PUF for Identity Authentication and Tamper Resistance of Blockchain-Compliant IoT Devices." Sensors 23, no. 15 (July 28, 2023): 6769. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23156769.
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Blockchain-based applications necessitate the authentication of connected devices if they are employed as blockchain oracles. Alongside identity authentication, it is crucial to ensure resistance against tampering, including safeguarding against unauthorized alterations and protection against device counterfeiting or cloning. However, attaining these functionalities becomes more challenging when dealing with resource-constrained devices like low-cost IoT devices. The resources of IoT devices depend on the capabilities of the microcontroller they are built around. Low-cost devices utilize microcontrollers with limited computational power, small memory capacity, and lack advanced features such as a dedicated secure cryptographic chip. This paper proposes a method employing a Physical Unclonable Function (PUF) to authenticate identity and tamper resistance in IoT devices. The suggested PUF relies on a microcontroller’s internal pull-up resistor values and, in conjunction with the microcontroller’s built-in analog comparator, can also be utilized for device self-checking. A main contribution of this paper is the proposed PUF method which calculates the PUF value as the average value of many single PUF measurements, resulting in a significant increase in accuracy. The proposed PUF has been implemented successfully in a low-cost microcontroller device. Test results demonstrate that the device, specifically the microcontroller chip, can be identified with high accuracy (99.98%), and the proposed PUF method exhibits resistance against probing attempts.
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Akdemir, Bayram, and Hasan Üzülmez. "Providing Security of Vital Data for Conventional Microcontroller Applications." Applied Mechanics and Materials 789-790 (September 2015): 1059–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.789-790.1059.
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Microcontrollers are widely used in industrial world, and almost all kind of devices were based on microcontroller to achieve high flexibility and abilities. All microcontrollers have nonvolatile and volatile memories to execute the software. During the running, microcontroller calculates many variables and records them to any non-volatile memory to use later. After re-energizing, microcontroller takes the data calculated before the power off and executes the program. In case of any electrical writing error or any power loss during the writing procedure, un-written memory blocks or any un-written data leads to malfunctions. Proposed method uses a gray code based signed two memory blocks to secure the memory reserved for data. Microcontroller uses these memory blocks in alternately. Even if microcontroller has no any real-time ability, gray code provides a guarantee which block is written in last. For every re-starting microcontroller dos not lose the data. In case of any reading problem during the starting, microcontroller has two chances to decide the action. One is to start with default values and the other is to start with the previous data. This study is tested at elevator applications not to lose position and vital values.
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Haysom, M. L. "Enticing Students to Program Microcontrollers." International Journal of Electrical Engineering & Education 32, no. 3 (July 1995): 214–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002072099503200303.
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Enticing students to program microcontrollers Writing microcontroller code requires the application of logic and defined rules. It may have intrinsic appeal to some people, but not to others. This paper presents a strategy which successfully enticed a diverse group of students to program microcontrollers. The strategy is consistent with industrial techniques for microcontroller system development.
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Kusuma, Redika Ardi, and Rudiati Evi Masithoh. "Bibliometric Analysis on Recent Advances and Development of Microcontroller Application in The Postharvest System." Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa Pertanian dan Biosistem 11, no. 2 (September 27, 2023): 201–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/jrpb.v11i2.533.
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Postharvest is a vital stage in agricultural production which is prone to causing losses due to improper implementation. Using a microcontroller that allows automation and increased precision in the postharvest process will likely reduce costs and potential losses. This research conducted a bibliometric study on applying microcontrollers in postharvest systems in Scopus-indexed publications from 2003 to 2022. The aim was to reveal microcontroller developments, evaluate current research topics, and discuss future challenges facing microcontroller applications in postharvest systems. First, this paper presents a bibliometric review of the role of microcontrollers in postharvest. Second, co-citation, coupling, and cluster analysis methods were used to analyze collaboration networks, and VOSviewer was used to visualize these networks. Third, Biblioshiny was used to analyze thematic trends of microcontroller applications. Finally, the paper discusses the challenges of using microcontrollers and provides suggestions for overcoming them. The results show that institutions from China and Italy lead research production in this field, with globally popular studies focusing primarily on fruit, digital storage, moisture determination, and cost. In addition, the thematic evolution of keywords indicating response time, cost, and design reliability issues have become basic and emerging topics in microcontroller application research for postharvest systems in recent years.
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Voronov, K. E., K. I. Sukhachev, and D. S. Vorobev. "Development of Control Module Based on a Computing IP-Core." Rocket-space device engineering and information systems 8, no. 1 (2021): 24–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.30894/issn2409-0239.2021.8.1.24.38.
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The article presents the result of the implementation of a synthesized microcontroller in integrated circuits of small FPGAs and a variant of building a control system for an onboard control module based on the developed solution. The possibility of creating a full-fledged microcontroller based on a type 5578TC034 FPGA and more capacious microcontrollers is shown. The description of the structure of the microcontroller, processor core and periphery is given. The processor instruction system is presented. Ip-modules of peripheral devices and some interfaces have been developed. A variant of creating a control system using the developed microcontroller is proposed. In the future, it is planned to increase the functionality of the synthesized microcontroller by optimizing ip-modules and adding new ones. When developing the control system, a domestic component base was used.
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Ramiz, Salama. "Developing cooling system application for the immobile patients." Global Journal of Information Technology: Emerging Technologies 12, no. 1 (April 30, 2022): 01–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/gjit.v12i1.7027.
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There is an increase in the use of automated systems as technology moves forward towards the 21st century; people are trying to make use of their time the most with modern technology, with Microcontrollers becoming a necessity. Arduino, the popular portable microcontroller is one of the best currently in terms of making fast, efficient, automated devices that help in day-to-day life. This paper aims to present the ARDUINO-powered COOLING SYSTEMS, which can be applied in different areas including daily used objects. The use of this as COOLING will improve human life while educating people on the uses of microcontrollers. This book defines the Arduino microcontroller and the Arduino idea. Their methodology was to share microcontroller-based equipment and plan stages to share thoughts and advance development. To meet the wide group of onlookers, the document has been segmented to fulfill the need of everyone. The document contains numerous equipment guides to help the peruser ascertain all assortment of frameworks. Keywords: ARDUINO; cooling system; Liquid Crystal Display ( LCD); Microcontroller; sensor.
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Riana T Mangesa, Elfira Makmur, and Wahyudi. "Penguatan Pembelajaran Praktik Melalui Pelatihan Penggunaan Trainer Mikrokontroler di SMK Negeri 2 Gowa." Vokatek : Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat 1, no. 3 (October 30, 2023): 251–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.61255/vokatekjpm.v1i3.198.
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The use of microcontrollers as a practical learning tool in Vocational High Schools (SMK) plays an important role in developing students' technical skills. This research aims to strengthen practical learning at SMK Negeri 2 Gowa through training in the use of microcontroller trainers. The research method used was a qualitative approach involving instructors and students as research subjects. The training was conducted with a focus on mastering the basic concepts of using microcontrollers, developing programming skills, and practical applications in various projects. The evaluation results showed a significant improvement in students' understanding of microcontroller concepts and their ability to apply the knowledge in practical situations. In addition, the instructors also provided positive feedback regarding the effectiveness of the microcontroller trainer as a learning tool. Strengthening practical learning through training in the use of microcontroller trainers at SMK Negeri 2 Gowa contributed positively to improving the quality of technical learning at this school. The results of this study are expected to be a reference for other SMKs that want to improve the effectiveness
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Indriani, Anizar, Hendra, and Y. Witanto. "Error of Assembly Microcontroller Arduino Mega and ATmega in the Control of Temperature for Heating and Cooling System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 842 (June 2016): 324–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.842.324.
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Microcontroller Arduino Mega and ATmega is a computer chip that needed and developed to control system or process. Microcontroller Arduino Mega and ATmega can be used to temperature control systems [1][2][3], the room lighting control, security control, the hazard warning [4], scheduling, monitoring water flow and dams actuator door and etc. Most studies on the microcontroller is focused on the functional capability of a microcontroller to read or measure the object. In addition to aspects of good function, microcontroller must have a high sensitivity in order to avoid delay or in-accuracies in the sensor reading measured object such as temperature. Microcontrollers has some advantages and disadvantages of the process accuracy depends on the processor and the ability microcontroller. In this paper focuses on the measurement errors that occur on microcontroller Arduino Mega and ATmega 8535 with a temperature sensor LM 35 and hygrometer digitizes dt05 for the application process cooling and heating sea water controls. The volume of sea water is measured is 3 to 35 litters with a temperature set point 28°C of lower temperatures above 25°C and 31°C. The results show that the maximum error obtained by using microcontroller Arduino Mega is 1,32°C or 13,2 mV and ATmega 8535 is 0,2°C or 2 mV. Also the microcontroller Arduino Mega is more suitable for control temperature measurement in the process of heating and cooling sea water.
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Kusumah, Hendra, and Restu Adi Pradana. "PENERAPAN TRAINER INTERFACING MIKROKONTROLER DAN INTERNET OF THINGS BERBASIS ESP32 PADA MATA KULIAH INTERFACING." Journal CERITA 5, no. 2 (August 1, 2019): 120–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.33050/cerita.v5i2.237.
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The absence of props remains a constraint on the learning process interfacing subjects where students have difficulty understanding the material obtained, besides because of the lack of microcontroller practice experience, students don't understand how to operate the microcontroller and also because of the lack of basic knowledge about the microcontroller. The design of the microcontroller interface trainer is intended as a teaching aid to help understand microcontroller interfacing using the UART, SPI, and I2C protocols and can be used as an Internet of Things teaching aid to help students practice monitoring and controlling input output on microcontrollers using smartphones over the internet. In designing this trainer, the author had made direct observations on learning activities in interfacing subjects and conducted questions and answers with several students. This trainer uses RFID, RTC and LCD modules as interfacing props that are connected to the ESP32 microcontroller, and there are components in the form of LEDs and potentiometers to practice the concept of the Internet of Things. The GPIO header pins and microcontroller interface pins expansion are also available on this trainer which can be connected with more modules and other components. Modules and components in the design of this trainer are connected with the ESP32 microcontroller in one integrated circuit board so as to provide practicality in its use.
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Ostrovsky, Nikolai Vyacheslavovich, Vladimir Vladimirovich Vanja, Yuri Nikolaevich Samoilyukov, Mikhail Aleksandrovich Bandurin, and Elena Vladimirovna Degtyareva. "Effective solutions for automation of localized irrigation systems." Agrarian Scientific Journal, no. 11 (November 29, 2021): 102–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.28983/asj.y2021i11pp102-107.
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The automation of the process of irrigation of agricultural and non-agricultural landscapes and objects is a guarantee of achieving a production or design goal. Today, microcontrollers are in use to control the automated irrigation. Freely used universal microcontroller platforms are widely available. Effective adaptation of this equipment to the management of irrigation systems is possible due to the open-source software. It was investigated and confirmed that the technical parameters of universal microcontroller platforms correspond to the system requirements and structure of localized irrigation systems. The economic efficiency of using universal microcontroller platforms for the automation of localized irrigation systems is shown.
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Kelemen, Michal, Erik Prada, Tatiana Kelemenova, Lubica Miková, Ivan Virgala, and Tomáš Lipták. "Embedded Systems via Using Microcontroller." Applied Mechanics and Materials 816 (November 2015): 248–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.816.248.
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Paper deals with microcontrollers which are embedded inside the mechatronic products. Main purpose is to obtain intelligent behavior of products and adding of new functions to products. Paper shows steps to data capturing into microcontroller for data processing and using as feedback control of processes around the products.
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Putra, Anggi Septiawan, Nusyirwan Nusyirwan, and Maimuzar Maimuzar. "Pengaplikasian Mikrokontroler Arduino Uno Pada Simulasi Sistem Pengapian Mesin Bensin 4 Langkah (4 Silinder)." Jurnal Teknik Mesin 10, no. 2 (July 11, 2019): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.30630/jtm.10.2.178.
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The 4 stroke (4 cylinder) gasoline engine ignition system simulation based on the Arduino Uno microcontroller was designed as one of the modeling of conventional ignition system modification into an electronic ignition system based on the Arduino Uno microcontroller. Conventional ignition systems are modified by removing distributor components and replaced with microcontrollers as ignition system controllers. Spark plug and coil cables are replaced with Igniton coil that uses Igniter. Arduino Uno microcontroller is used as a controller that receives signals from the optocoupler sensor and activates the module relay so that the electric current enters the Ignition Trigger, the voltage needed by Igniton Trigger is 2 V by using a step down transformer to reduce the voltage. So that the Ignition Coil is active and produces a high voltage so that it can produce sparks on each spark plug. This Arduino Uno microcontroller processes data received from an optocoupler sensor
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Febtriko, Anip. "SISTEM KONTROL PERTERNAKAN IKAN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MIKROKONTROLLER BERBASIS ANDROID." Rabit : Jurnal Teknologi dan Sistem Informasi Univrab 2, no. 1 (February 21, 2017): 140–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.36341/rabit.v2i1.148.
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Microcontrollers of digital electronic devices that have input and output as well as control with programs that can be written and erased in a special way, how the microcontroller actually reads and writes data. Microcontrollers are used in automatic controlled products and equipment, such as machine control systems, remote controls, office machines, household appliances, heavy equipment, and toys. Microcontroller can be a control system in fish farms in controlling water supply and controlling food. an interface with the Android application with bluetooth. The ease in controlling Android fish farms is supported, which android will be given an application placed inside the Android. In the android application interface it provides facilities to control culture.
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Sukhachev, K. I., D. P. Grigoriev, and E. V. Ismagilova. "Development of a Microcontroller FMU Core Based on FPGA for Scientific Space Equipment." LETI Transactions on Electrical Engineering & Computer Science 16, no. 5 (2023): 12–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.32603/2071-8985-2023-16-5-12-23.
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A FMU (Flexible Microcontroller Unit) model of the core of a domestic FPGA is proposed with the purpose of obtaining characteristics superior in speed and type of data processing over modern domestic and foreign microcontrollers. The FMU core and its corresponding peripherals are designed on FPGA, which makes the architecture of the entire microcontroller flexible and allows its characteristics to be varied without the need to acquire other chips. The entire architecture is a single configuration file, written in the Verilog HDL and combining the core and peripheral blocks. At the request of the user, the number of peripheral modules сan be either increased or reduced. Parallel (multicore) data processing is also available, which function is absent in modern microcontrollers. The program for the configured microcontroller is written in a C-style language, which is converted into a binary package of a program loaded separately into the program memory of the microcontroller in question. To convert the source code into such a package, a corresponding C++ compiler was developed. The paper provides a block diagram of the kernel architecture, time diagrams of various packages and instructions, as well as a list of kernel commands. The test results presented in the paper demonstrate small time expenditures on executing some instructions for working with internal and external RAM. Conclusions are formulated and brief characteristics of the core are given.
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Wu, Zhenyu, Kai Qiu, and Jianguo Zhang. "A Smart Microcontroller Architecture for the Internet of Things." Sensors 20, no. 7 (March 25, 2020): 1821. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20071821.
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The interoperations of endpoint devices are generally achieved by gateways in Internet of Things (IoT) systems. However, the gateways mainly focus on networking communication, which is lack of data logic control capabilities. The microcontrollers with embedded intelligence could work as an intermediate device to help the interconnections of the endpoint devices. Moreover, they could help control the endpoint devices. In this paper, a microcontroller architecture with intelligent and scalable characteristics is proposed. The intelligence means that the microcontroller could control the target endpoint devices by its logical circuits, and the scalability means that the microcontroller architecture could be easily extended to deal with more complex problems. Two real world industrial implementations of the proposed architecture are introduced. The implementations show that the microcontroller is important to provide the intelligent services to users in IoT systems. Furthermore, a simulation experiment based on the cloud model is designed to evaluate the proposed method. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed architecture.
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Oyedeji, Ajibola Oluwafemi, Abiola P. Oni, Frank Onaifo, and Peter O. Alao. "Development of an Arduino Based Electric Cooker Timer System." JITCE (Journal of Information Technology and Computer Engineering) 4, no. 01 (March 30, 2020): 28–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/jitce.4.01.28-31.2020.
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The emerging trend in the world of semiconductor integration has brought about so many opportunities in the area of microcontrollers. This paper deals with the design and implementation of a microcontroller-based timer for home appliances using an Arduino microcontroller. This system is developed for the users to predetermine the time of operation of any home appliances using the electric cooker for implementation. The system is majorly comprised of the power supply unit, microcontroller unit, timer circuits and LCD display. The user can set any of the time given in the timer switch using keypad. The settings are stored in the microcontroller and the details are displayed in the LCD display. The appliance is controlled to run for the particular period set by the timer switch. The timer switch automatically makes the appliance off once the period is over. This system has been designed to be efficient, reliable and reduce energy wastage.
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Tyurin, Sergey, Dmitii Kovilyaev, Ekaterina Danilova, and Alexei Gorodilov. "Learning programming of micro-controllers in CAD Proteus." Вестник Пермского университета. Математика. Механика. Информатика, no. 2(53) (2021): 69–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.17072/1993-0550-2021-2-69-74.
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The creation of projects in the Proteus program based on microcontrollers is considered. A classic 8051 microcontroller from Intel is investigated, as well as an STM32F401RE microcontroller from ARM. The development of the simplest programs for use in laboratory classes on programming embedded systems (for example, the "Internet of things") for 8051 – in assembler language, for STM32F401RE – in C language using a special development environment is carried out. The research can be used in laboratory classes on embedded systems programming.
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Hanifiyah Darna Fidya Amaral, Divac Nabiel Akbar, and Afidah Zuroida. "Rancang Bangun Sistem Pemberian Pakan Ikan Lele Otomatis Berbasis Mikrokontroler." Elposys: Jurnal Sistem Kelistrikan 9, no. 3 (February 17, 2023): 179–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.33795/elposys.v9i3.654.
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Technology allows the process of managing catfish remotely, namely catfish managers do not need to manage feeding. Inaddition, the automated system makes it possible to preserve the quality of catfish as well as savings in feed costs. Today's automatedtools mostly use a microcontroller as a controller. Microcontrollers can be programmed to execute commands as needed and at the sametime become a form of automation system application in catfish management. In this study, the author designed a microcontroller-basedautomatic catfish feeding system. The microcontroller used is the ATMega 28 microcontroller which is connected to the RTC DS3231module. This microcontroller is also equipped with a servo motor that works to move the fish feed valve automatically. The servo motorused is the MG996R servo which has a working voltage of 6V which is sourced from the power supply which is lowered in voltage usingstep down. The RTC DS3231 module is connected with the arduino uno R3 module, which is the control center of the automatic feeddevice. The microcontroller turns on following the fish feeding time, which is 8 am and 3 pm. The servo motor will work to open the valvetwice in one day automatically with an angle or percentage of the feed valve opening by 35% - 45% for approximately 5 - 10 seconds andthe feed that comes out is about 40-70 grams per 10 seconds.
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Sulaksono, Santiko Tri, Putu Sukmabuana, and Nanda Nagara. "MICROCONTROLLER ATMEGA328P TIMER/COUNTER FOR SINGLE CHANNEL GAMMA SPECTROSCOPY." JURNAL TEKNOLOGI REAKTOR NUKLIR TRI DASA MEGA 24, no. 3 (November 9, 2022): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.17146/tdm.2022.24.3.6699.
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Soil contamination may occur in the upcoming decommissioning activities of the TRIGA2000 Reactor. Measurement of contaminant radioactivity, which can be performed using single-channel spectroscopy, is required in soil decontamination processes. This research develops a timer/counter system for single-channel spectroscopy using a microcontroller. The performance of the ATMega328P microcontroller Timer/Counter on Arduino has been tested for single-channel spectroscopy. Microcontroller's Timer/Counter 1 is used as a counter while Timer/Counter 2 is used as a timer. Tests include the linearity test, comparative test, and chi-square test. The test results show that the ATMega328P microcontroller Timer/Counter works well and can be used as the end of a single-channel spectroscopic system.
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Pu, Yufan. "Smart Home Security Design Based on STM32 Microcontroller." Architecture Engineering and Science 5, no. 1 (April 24, 2024): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.32629/aes.v5i1.1843.
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This paper addresses the needs in the field of smart home security, based on STM32 microcontroller for smart home security design. Firstly, the background and research significance of smart home security are introduced, and the current situation and development trend of smart home security are briefly summarized. Then, the basic concepts and classifications of microcontrollers are introduced, and the applications and roles of microcontrollers in smart home security are elaborated. Next, the STM32 microcontroller was selected, the system hardware circuit and software program were designed, and the system was implemented and tested. Finally, the research work of this paper is summarized, problems and shortcomings are pointed out, and future research directions and prospects are discussed. Through the research and realization of this paper, the security level of smart home can be effectively improved, and make some contributions to the development of smart home.
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Koju, Surya Man, and Nikil Thapa. "FPGA Based Vehicle to Vehicle Communication in Spartan 3E." Journal of Science and Engineering 8 (November 12, 2020): 14–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jsce.v8i0.32858.
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This paper presents economic and reconfigurable RF based wireless communication at 2.4 GHz between two vehicles. It implements digital VLSI using two Spartan 3E FPGAs, where one vehicle receives the information of another vehicle and shares its own information to another vehicle. The information includes vehicle’s speed, location, heading and its operation, such as braking status and turning status. It implements autonomous vehicle technology. In this work, FPGA is used as central signal processing unit which is interfaced with two microcontrollers (ATmega328P). Microcontroller-1 is interfaced with compass module, GPS module, DF Player mini and nRF24L01 module. This microcontroller determines the relative position and the relative heading as seen from one vehicle to another. Microcontroller-2 is used to measure the speed of vehicle digitally. The resulting data from these microcontrollers are transmitted separately and serially through UART interface to FPGA. At FPGA, different signal processing such as speed comparison, turn comparison, distance range measurement and vehicle operation processing, are carried out to generate the voice announcement command, warning signals, event signals, and such outputs are utilized to warn drivers about potential accidents and prevent crashes before event happens.
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Gao, Xue Fei, and Yong Li An. "2FSK Signal Generator Based on AT89C51 Microcontroller." Advanced Materials Research 722 (July 2013): 260–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.722.260.
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In order to simplify the devices used for generating the 2FSK signal, a 2FSK signal generator based on AT89C51 microcontroller is proposed in this paper. A digital base band signal is inputted to the microcontroller through one of I/O ports. Then microcontrollers program is executed, which are designed for generating PWM signals according to the sine waveforms corresponding with 2FSK signals required. Consequently, an appropriate PWM signal is outputted from another I/O port. This PWM signal is sent into a simple second order passive low-pass filter, and the 2FSK signal can be obtained on the output side of the filter. The 2FSK signal generator makes full use of the resources of the microcontroller, and as a result, it is simple, easy to use, economical and reliable.
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Kondrashov, K. K., A. O. Gasnikov, S. B. Kalinin, and V. V. Luchinin. "Information Security of Microsystems. Microcontroller." Nano- i Mikrosistemnaya Tehnika 25, no. 6 (December 22, 2023): 288–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.17587/nmst.25.288-294.
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Methodological and practical aspects of testing microcontrollers for resistance to power analysis reengineering are considered. A model of quantitative assessment of durability is proposed, based on the construction of a relative parameter variance diagram of an operation with data. Within the framework of the model, a criterion has been introduced that allows comparing the durability of various devices. The key provisions of the methodology for testing devices on the power consumption channel have been developed. Using the example of testing one of the microcontrollers, the procedure for determining the resistance to extracting internal memory data is presented. Based on the results of the analysis, conclusions are formulated about the possibility of safe operation with this microcontroller in information systems.
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Choi, Chiu. "Microcontroller-based Feedback Control Laboratory Experiments." International Journal of Engineering Pedagogy (iJEP) 4, no. 3 (June 12, 2014): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijep.v4i3.3529.
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this paper is a result of the implementation of the recommendations on enhancing hands-on experience of control engineering education using single chip, small scale computers such as microcontrollers. A set of microcontroller-based feedback control experiments was developed for the Electrical Engineering curriculum at the University of North Florida. These experiments provided hands-on techniques that students can utilize in the development of complete solutions for a number of servo control problems. Significant effort was devoted to software development of feedback controllers and the associated signal conditioning circuits interfacing between the microcontroller and the physical plant. These experiments have stimulated the interest of our students in control engineering.
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Kelemen, Michal, Ľubica Miková, Darina Hroncová, Filip Filakovský, and Peter Ján Sinčák. "EMBEDDED SYSTEMS – CONTROL OF POWER SUBSYSTEMS." Acta Mechatronica 5, no. 2 (June 30, 2020): 23–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.22306/am.v5i2.64.
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The main role of embedded system is to control the product behaviour or control of outside world. Microcontroller as embedded system obtains information through the sensors and makes adequate impact to outside world after sensor data processing. The microcontroller impact is realized through the actuators which convert the electrical energy (or different type of energy) to mechanical work. These processes are executed because of fulfil customer requirements. Microcontrollers as signal controllers work only with low power signals. This paper discusses the possibilities and application of controlling the power subsystems via using the embedded systems.
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El-Mahlawy, Mohamed H., Sherif Hussein, and Gouda I. Mohamed. "New Hybrid-Based Self-Test Strategy for Faulty Modules of Complex Microcontroller Systems." Electronics ETF 22, no. 2 (September 19, 2019): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.7251/els1822059e.
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In this paper, a new hybrid test strategy, called hybrid-based self-test (HYBST), is presented to test complex digital circuits such as microcontrollers. This test strategy integrates the signature multi-mode hardware-based self-test (SM-BST) with the software-based self-test (SBST). In this test strategy, the microcontroller is divided into a number of main modules, and then test subroutines are used to functionally test each module, based on its instruction set architecture (ISA). The ISA is used to generate test subroutines that represent test pattern generators (TPGs) and part of the test controller. The SMHBST represents the other part of the test controller and the test response compaction (TRC). The experimental results illustrate the superiority of the HYBST in the memory utilization, test application time, testing of internal modules of the microcontroller, and testing of general-purpose input-output (GPIO) pins of the microcontroller. In addition, an integrated test solution for fault diagnosis of the circuit boards including random logic integrated circuits (ICs) and microcontroller chips is presented to indicate a real practical test strategy.
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Satrinawati, Satrinawati, Dedy Irfan, and Efrizon Efrizon. "Augmented Reality-Based Programming Using Atmega 2560 Microcontroller Trainer Kit Support." Jurnal Teknologi Informasi dan Pendidikan 15, no. 2 (March 29, 2023): 110–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/jtip.v15i2.670.
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The application of an augmented reality system to the Atmega 2560 microcontroller trainer kit is a tool designed to create learning methods that are interactive, fun, motivating, and provide space for students to develop creativity and independence. This research uses research and development (R&D) methods. This research and development consists of a preliminary study stage, needs analysis, design, manufacture, testing of tool specifications and the final stage is product evaluation with expert opinion. The development of this microcontroller trainer kit has three main parts, namely the microprocessor, input and output. The microcontroller used is the ATmega 2560. By using augmented reality technology and adding electronic components such as DC motors, servo motors, ultrasonic sensors, this tool can be used in sensor and transducer learning. Apart from learning sensors, this trainer kit can also be applied to learning microcontrollers and their applications. This trainer kit is equipped with a practicum module as a support in learning. Through the microcontroller trainer kit and Augmented reality system, it is hoped that student competency will be better.
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Khanji, Tuba Javed, Mohd Ayaz Qureshi, and Shakila Shaikh. "ATmega8 Microcontroller." International Journal of Computer Sciences and Engineering 7, no. 9 (September 30, 2019): 210–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.26438/ijcse/v7i9.210213.
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Seager, Clive. "Microcontroller developments." Electronics Education 2001, no. 1 (2001): 11–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ee.2001.0008.
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N. A. Ispulov, M. Zh. Sultanova, Zh. Dzh. Ospanova, and E. M. Jussupova. ""AIR HEATING CONTROL SYSTEM BASED ON MICROCONTROLLER "." Bulletin of Toraighyrov University. Energetics series, no. 2.2023 (June 30, 2023): 153–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.48081/qyfy4461.
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"This article discusses a technological solution developed on the basis of an Arduino-type microcontroller with automatic control of air heating in production. Currently, microcontrollers have a large range (more than 10,000), which differ among themselves in terms of application, parameters and other properties. Dozens of manufacturers are engaged in the release of microcontrollers. Increasing reliability, speed and functional saturation, as well as reducing the amount of modern computer technology and electricity consumed have led to its widespread use to control complex technological objects with a large number of physical quantities and controlled installations. The result of this article will be the development of a block diagram, drawing up a schematic diagram of a control system, block diagrams, writing a program for a microcontroller, developing an operation algorithm and a set of elements that can be used in any production, production process (for example, drying systems, heating installations, etc.), where an air heating control system is deemed necessary. Also, the main conclusions, concepts of this research work can be used in production processes, household appliances and as a teaching aid. "
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Annas, Muhammad Sabri, Haripuddin Haripuddin, and Satria Gunawan Zain. "Microcontroller Implementation for Automatic Smart Bell." International Journal of Environment, Engineering and Education 1, no. 1 (April 6, 2019): 34–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.55151/ijeedu.v1i1.11.
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This study aims to design automatic school bell hardware based on the ATmega32 microcontroller, design automatic school bell software based on the ATmega32 microcontroller using Basic programming language, and test the performance of the automatic school bell based on the ATmega32 microcontroller. This automatic school bell uses a minimum system of ATmega32 microcontrollers which equipped with data input from the push button, LCD to display character output, ISD2560 to output sound, and a timer taken from DS1307 RTC. This research is a Research or Development (R & D) research. This research is carried out through two stages of design. The first stage is the stage of hardware design. The second stage is the stage of software design. Programs are made using the Basic programming language using the Bascom-AVR application. The results of the product were tested using the black box method with two stages. In the first stage, software testing uses a series of simulations on the Proteus 7 Professional application. The second stage, testing hardware.
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Salah, Wael A., and Basem Abu Zneid. "Evolution of Microcontroller-based Remote Monitoring System Applications." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 9, no. 4 (August 1, 2019): 2354. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v9i4.pp2354-2364.
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<p>This study reviews the evolution of smart applications of microcontroller-based wireless/wired remote monitoring systems. Rapid developments in science and technology offer the advantages of using integrated embedded chips, microprocessors, and microcontrollers. The use of microcontrollers in industrial processes, such as automobiles, aeronautics, space, robotics, electronics, defense applications, mobile communications, rail transport, and medical applications, is rapidly increasing. This study aims to review the progress of microcomputers in smart remote monitoring and controlling applications for the control and management of different systems using wireless/wired techniques</p>
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Suherman, Suherman, Risnawati Risnawati, and Ricki Ananda. "PENGGUNAAN METODE FUZZY PADA PENGISIAN TANDON AIR OTOMATIS DENGAN MICROCONTROLLER." J-Com (Journal of Computer) 3, no. 3 (November 10, 2023): 173–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.33330/j-com.v3i3.2845.
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Abstract : A mosque is a building used by Muslims to get closer to the creator by worshiping and observing Islamic law. Efficient water management in mosques is essential to support the sustainability and efficiency of natural resources. This study proposes an automatic water reservoir filling system in mosques using microcontroller technology. The fuzzy method is useful in filling automatic water reservoirs with microcontroller technology as an optimization and regulating the water filling process automatically. This system is to automate the process of filling water reservoirs by utilizing intelligent water level sensors and microcontrollers. In this research, I created a system that is able to detect the water level in the reservoir and regulate the filling process automatically. The use of a water level sensor allows accurate measurement of the water level, while the microcontroller controls the water pump according to the detected needs. The test results show that the implementation of microcontroller technology in filling automatic water reservoirs in mosques can increase water use efficiency and reduce waste. The system provides an effective and environmentally friendly solution for managing the mosque's water needs, contributing significantly to water conservation and maintenance of natural resources. Keywords : water reservoir; mosque; microcontroller; fuzzy method; water level sensor Abstrak : Masjid adalah sebuah bangunan yang digunakan umat muslim untuk mendekatkan diri kepada sang pencipta dengan beribadah dan menjalankan syariat agama Islam. Pengelohan air yang efisien di masjid sangat penting untuk mendukung keberlanjutan dan efisiensi sumber daya alam. Penelitian ini mengusulkan sebuah sistem pengisian tandon air otomatis di masjid menggunakan teknologi microcontroller. Metode fuzzy berguna dalam pengisian tandon air otomatis dengan teknologi microcontroller sebagai pengoptimalkan dan mengatur proses pengisian air dengan secara otomatis. Sistem ini untuk mengotomatiskan proses pengisian tandon air dengan memanfaatkan sensor water level dan microcontroller yang cerdas. Dalam penelitian ini, dibuat sistem yang mampu mendeteksi tingkat air dalam tandon dan mengatur proses pengisian secara otomatis. Penggunaan sensor water level memungkinkan pengukuran yang akurat terhadap tingkat air, sementara microcontroller mengontrol pompa air sesuai dengan kebutuhan yang terdeteksi. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi teknologi microcontroller dalam pengisian tandon air otomatis di masjid dapat meningkatkan efisiensi penggunaan air dan mengurangi pemborosan. Sistem ini memberikan solusi yang efektif dan ramah lingkungan untuk mengelola kebutuhan air masjid, memberikan kontribusi signifikan terhadap konservasi air dan pemeliharaan sumber daya alam. Kata kunci: tandon air; masjid; microcontroller; metode fuzzy; sensor water level
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Yadav, Divya, Balwant Raj, and Balwinder Raj. "Design and Simulation of Low Power Microcontroller for Internet of Things Applications." Sensor Letters 18, no. 5 (May 1, 2020): 401–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/sl.2020.4241.
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The Internet of Things (IoT) is an array of interrelated registering gadgets, mechanical and advanced electronics machines, articles, creatures or individuals that are given with unique identifiers and the ability to exchange data over a system without man to man or man to PC partnership. IoT created an expanded enthusiasm to research and industrial into points of view. This development is due to the availability of low-priced, low-powered diminutive elements like processors, communications and sensors that were integrated on a single chip. In this work we design the low power microcontroller for IoT application. There are various microcontrollers available in the market for IoT application, we have done the comparative study of different microcontroller and proposed a low power microcontroller architecture based on the requirement of IoT. The power analysis is carried out by calculating power consumed in the different digital circuits with ALU and without ALU.
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Ahmed, Ausama H., Ali O. Alsharif, and Othman E. Aburas. "LOW COST HARDWARE IN THE LOOP CONTROL SYSTEM USING MICROCONTROLLERS." مجلة الجامعة الأسمرية: العلوم التطبيقية 6, no. 5 (December 31, 2021): 587–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.59743/aujas.v6i5.1159.
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Control systems engineering is a very interesting engineering disciplines. It requires proper tools to teach it effectively, one of the tools is experimental setups. They are needed to understand and apply different control strategies and to connect theory with application. However, such setups might not be easy to reach for a number of reasons such as their relatively high prices. Hardware in the Loop (HIL) is a way to replace an experimental setup to be studied with an equivalent hardware, such as a PC or a microcontroller. In this paper a microcontroller is used to replace two different physical systems. In addition to simulating the systems, another microcontroller is also used to replace the control loop, i.e. the summing node and the controller. The simulation of the systems and the whole control loop on the microcontroller was carried out using difference equation method and Ordinary Differential Equations method whenever it is applicable. The interface between the two microcontrollers was established using serial communication protocol and ESP NOW. The performance of the control system is compared with MATLAB and showed very high accuracy. The simulation was run in real time, with a sample time of 10ms
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Baskys, A. "The Course of Microcontrollers Oriented to Practical Skills." Solid State Phenomena 165 (June 2010): 410–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.165.410.
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The course of microcontrollers oriented to practical skills that is lectured at the Electronics Faculty of Vilnius Gediminas Technical University is presented and discussed in this paper. This course is dedicated to the students of the Basic studies. The laboratory works and the course project, which are of high importance in obtaining the capability to develop microcontroller-based control systems, play a key role in this course. The Mid-range architecture family of PIC (Peripheral Interface Controller) microcontrollers developed and produced by the Microchip company was chosen as the basis for the studies. The structure of lectures, the description of specifics of laboratory works, the course project and the examination procedure are presented here as well. The answers of students indicate that the course has good appreciation. This course is evaluated positively by the institutions involved in the development of the microcontroller-based devices.
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Morita, Augusto Ken, Rubens Takiguti, and Wilhelmus A. M. Van Noije. "Metadata based padring and pad multiplexing generation for microcontroller design." Journal of Integrated Circuits and Systems 10, no. 3 (December 28, 2015): 139–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.29292/jics.v10i3.416.
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Defining padring and its pad interconnections is one of the most time consuming steps of a microcontroller SoC design. Also, multiple device features plus testability in limited pinout packages entails more functions shared per pin. As such, the number of padring connections and complexity exponentially grows at each new design. This paper describes a methodology to configure pad connections and select correct pad cells. The methodology works out technology and function definitions for each pin using new and previous designs data stored in a metadata database in order to generate the padring RTL code for the SoC. This methodology was proven with Freescale microcontrollers, among them to check the padring connection of the commercial microcontroller MC9S08MP16 [1], and was used to implement both MC9S08QB8 [2] and MC9S08SC4 [3] microcontrollers, which resulted in reduced design time in order of 10 folds, along with high quality generated RTLs.
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Trio Harian Putra, Erfan Rohadi, and Indrazno Sirrajudin. "IoT-based smarthomes to increase home selling price." International Journal of Frontier Technology and Engineering 1, no. 2 (June 10, 2023): 48–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.33795/ijfte.v1i2.480.
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Smarthome is a system that has been programmed and can work with the help of a microcontroller to integrate and control a device or home appliance automatically and efficiently. The purpose of creating this technology is to facilitate energy savings, get comfort and be able to control it only with a smartphone. In the research entitled "IoT based Smart Home Automation System using Sensor Node". This stage of development will use several microcontrollers as sensor nodes. Microcontroller nodes will control such as lights, doors, fans. In this study, it used several types of sensors such as RFID, reed switch, temperature and microcontrollers that will be used by the ESP8266 MCU Node. All data from sensor readings will be sent to the Blynk server. As a data viewer and control center will use the Blynk application. This can also increase the selling price of the house to be sold by the developer.
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Salnikov, Dmytro, Dmytro Karaman, and Viktoriia Krylova. "HIGHLY RECONFIGURABLE SOFT-CPU BASED PERIPHERAL MODULES DESIGN." Advanced Information Systems 7, no. 2 (June 12, 2023): 92–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.20998/2522-9052.2023.2.13.
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Research motivation. When developing microcontrollers, manufacturers try to include as many different types of peripherals as possible in order to increase the marketing attractiveness of their products. On the one hand, with a large assortment of various peripheral modules, it is very difficult to implement several devices of the same type in the microcontroller: manufacturers are mainly limited to 1-2 instances, in rare cases 4 modules of the same type are included. On the other hand, most software projects do not use all the peripherals of modern microcontrollers and many devices are left unused, while there may be a shortage of other types of modules. Another problem that has become especially noticeable for microcontrollers used in the field of IoT is the cryptographic protection of data that is transmitted through built-in information exchange interfaces. The main efforts of researchers and developers of cryptographic data protection methods were aimed at reducing energy-intensive operations, memory access iterations and speeding up encryption processes while maintaining a high level of cryptographic protection and enabling efficient data distribution within IoT devices networks. Research results. This paper presents an alternative approach to the manufacture of peripheral modules as part of microcontrollers. The authors propose to use a configurable software processor module based on the MIPS architecture with a reduced instruction set and limited capabilities. Conclusions. This approach would make it possible to dynamically change the functionality of peripheral modules in accordance with the requirements of the developed software solution, which in turn will increase the efficiency of the microcontroller chips capabilities utilization. In addition, the transfer of data stream encryption functions to the reconfigurable core of the peripheral module will provide fast and transparent cryptographic protection, as well as allow offloading the microcontroller core and increasing the energy efficiency of chips while reducing their production cost.
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Ryzhova, Anna Romanivna, and Yurii Oleksiiovych Onykiienko. "Analysis of the Microcontroller Resources Using Specifics for Speech Recognition." Microsystems, Electronics and Acoustics 27, no. 2 (August 21, 2022): 265406–1. http://dx.doi.org/10.20535/2523-4455.mea.265406.
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The use of neural networks for information recognition, in particular, voice, expands the functional capabilities of embedded systems on microcontrollers. But it is necessary to take into account the limitations of the microcontroller resources. The purpose of the work is to analyze the impact of voice processing parameters and neural network architecture on the degree of microcontroller resources usage. To do this, a database of samples of the keyword, samples of other words and voices, and samples of noise are created, the probability of recognizing the keyword among other words and noises is evaluated, the dependence of the amount of memory used on the microcontroller and the decision-making time on the number MFC coefficients is established, the dependence of the amount of used memory of the microcontroller and the decision-making time on the type of convolutional neural network is established also. During the experiment, the Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense development board was used. The neural network model was built and trained on the Edge Impulse software platform. To conduct the experiment, three groups of data with the names "hello", "unknown", "noise" were created. The group "hello" contains 94 examples of the word "hello" in English, spoken by a female voice. The "unknown" group contains 167 examples of other words pronounced by both female and male voices. The "noise" group contains 166 samples of noise and random sounds. According to Edge Impulse's recommendation, 80% of the samples from each of the data groups were used to train the neural network model, and 20% of the samples were used for testing. Analysis of the results shows that with an increase in the number of MFC coefficients and, accordingly, the accuracy of keyword recognition, the amount of program memory occupied by the code increases by 480 bytes (less than 1%). For the nRF52840 microcontroller, this is not a significant increase. The amount of RAM used during the experiment did not change. Although the calculation time of the accuracy of the code word definition increased by only 14 ms (less than 5%) with the increase in the number of MFC coefficients, the calculation procedure is quite long (approximately 0.3 s) compared to the sound sample length of 1 s. This can be a certain limitation when processing a sound signal with 32-bit microcontrollers. To analyze phrases or sentences, it is necessary to use more powerful microcontrollers or microprocessors. Based on the results of experimental research, it can be stated that the computing resources of 32-bit microcontrollers are quite sufficient for recognizing voice commands with the possibility of pre-digital processing of the sound signal, in particular, the use of low-frequency cepstral coefficients. The selection of the number of coefficients does not significantly affect the amount of used FLASH and RAM memory of the nRF52840 microcontroller. The comparison results show the superiority of the 2D network in the accuracy of the keyword definition for both 12 and 13 MFC coefficients. The use of a one-dimensional convolutional neural network for voice sample recognition in the conducted experiment provides memory savings of approximately 5%. The quality of keyword recognition with the number of MFC coefficients of 12 is approximately 0.7. For 17 MFC coefficients, the recognition quality is already 0.97. The amount of RAM used in the case of the 2D network has decreased slightly. Voice sample processing time for both types of networks is practically the same. Thus, 1D convolutional neural networks have certain advantages in microcontroller applications for voice processing and recognition. The limitation of voice recognition on the microcontroller is the sufficiently long processing time of the sound sample (approximately 0.3 s) with the duration of the sample itself being 1 s, this can be explained by a sufficiently low clock frequency of 64 MHz. Increasing the clock frequency will reduce the calculation time.
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Cao, Bo Yan, Hong He, and Xiao Li Wang. "Freescale Microcontroller Minimum System and Peripheral Modules Design." Applied Mechanics and Materials 321-324 (June 2013): 397–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.321-324.397.
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A wide variety of current embedded microcontrollers like 8,16 and 32-bit of Freescale Micro Control Unit(MCU) performance is stable and various. Mc9s12xs128 is a kind of Freescale 16-bit microcontroller. The concept of the Freescale Microcontroller Minimum System and the principle of realization is systematically elaborated. Many peripheral module such as Serial Communication, Liquid Crystal Display(LCD), keyboard scanning and Digital Tube Display are developed after a thorough understanding of the basic theory of Minimum System. In addition to this work, a very detailed description of each module's hardware design and software programming methodology is also made to show that an embedded system can achieve a specific function.
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Abdrakhmanov, V. Kh, R. B. Salikhov, and S. A. Popov. "Experience of Using EasyEDA to Develop Training Boards on the PIC16f887 Microcontroller." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2096, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012098. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2096/1/012098.
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Abstract A brief overview of computer-aided design (CAD) systems widely used in Russia is presented, and the main requirements for tracing PCB boards are given. The main features of the actively developing cloud CAD system EasyEDA are shown, and the expediency of its use is justified. The idea of creating low-cost electronic training boards based on the PIC16F887 microcontroller for studying the basics of microprocessor technology is presented. Electronic training boards demonstrate all the capabilities of the microcontroller – the operation of the I/O ports, serial port, analog-to-digital converter( ADC), with a two-line liquid crystal display (LCD), with temperature sensors, with a DC motor, with a stepper motor, etc. The experience of developing a budget electronic training boards based on a PIC microcontroller in EasyEDA, which can be used to study the programming of microcontrollers, is shown. Shown are the possibilities of using the jlcpcb.com service to order PCB boards in the largest PCB prototyping enterprise in China, called JLCPCB.
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S, Madhura, Deepthi G, Chinnitaha B, and Disha D. "IoT Based Monitoring and Control System using Sensors." June 2021 2, no. 2 (June 3, 2021): 111–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.36548/jismac.2021.2.004.
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Various physical parameters like humidity, temperature, raindrop, GSM, atmospheric pressure and LDR can be monitored effectively and can be made more interactive with the help of different sensors that are interfaced with microcontrollers like ATmega328P. All the sensors can be connected to this microcontroller ATmega328P as the center preparing unit for the whole framework and plans can be associated with the microcontroller. The real-time monitoring of the various systems becomes possible with this IoT based system. The Paper displays different application based on IoT and proves that the monitoring and control of the system becomes flexible, robust and effective for any real-time implementation .
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Poudel, Prawar, Biswajit Ray, and Aleksandar Milenkovic. "Microcontroller Fingerprinting Using Partially Erased NOR Flash Memory Cells." ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems 20, no. 3 (April 2021): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3448271.
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Electronic device fingerprints, unique bit vectors extracted from device's physical properties, are used to differentiate between instances of functionally identical devices. This article introduces a new technique that extracts fingerprints from unique properties of partially erased NOR flash memory cells in modern microcontrollers. NOR flash memories integrated in modern systems-on-a-chip typically hold firmware and read-only data, but they are increasingly in-system-programmable, allowing designers to erase and program them during normal operation. The proposed technique leverages partial erase operations of flash memory segments that bring them into the state that exposes physical properties of the flash memory cells through a digital interface. These properties reflect semiconductor process variations and defects that are unique to each microcontroller or a flash memory segment within a microcontroller. The article explores threshold voltage variation in NOR flash memory cells for generating fingerprints and describes an algorithm for extracting fingerprints. The experimental evaluation utilizing a family of commercial microcontrollers demonstrates that the proposed technique is cost-effective, robust, and resilient to changes in voltage and temperature as well as to aging effects.
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Hermawan, Suka, Santi Rahmawati, Qhansa Aditia, Budi Wibowo, and Andrie Yuswanto. "Designing a Water Temperature control and Monitoring System for Vaname Shrimp cultivation based on the Internet of Things ( IoT )." Jurnal Komputer dan Elektro Sains 1, no. 1 (June 24, 2023): 14–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.58291/komets.v1i1.96.
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Vannamei shrimp cultivation (Litopenaeus Vannamei) is one of the rapidly growing industries in fisheries. Optimal water quality, including the appropriate water temperature, is a crucial factor in maintaining the growth and health of vannamei shrimp. Therefore, this research aims to design and implement a monitoring and water temperature control system using a microcontroller in vannamei shrimp cultivation. The research method involves the development of a system prototype consisting of water temperature sensors, microcontrollers, and temperature control modules. The water temperature sensor is used to measure the water temperature in the vannamei shrimp cultivation pond, while the microcontrollers are responsible for acquiring temperature data from the sensor and controlling the temperature control modules based on predetermined parameters. The research results show that the monitoring and water temperature control system using microcontrollers can accurately measure the water temperature with high precision. The obtained temperature data can be displayed in real-time through the microcontroller's screen or accessed via computer-based applications. Moreover, the system is also capable of adjusting the temperature according to the setpoint, utilizing LEDs lights (red, green, yellow) US indicators for activating and deactivating the heating and cooling device. in field trials, this system was implemented in vannamei shrimp cultivation ponds of a specific size.