Academic literature on the topic 'Microcystin'

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Journal articles on the topic "Microcystin"

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Rohrlack, Thomas, Elke Dittmann, Thomas Börner, and Kirsten Christoffersen. "Effects of Cell-Bound Microcystins on Survival and Feeding of Daphnia spp." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 67, no. 8 (2001): 3523–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.67.8.3523-3529.2001.

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ABSTRACT The influence of cell-bound microcystins on the survival time and feeding rates of six Daphnia clones belonging to five common species was studied. To do this, the effects of the microcystin-producing Microcystis strain PCC7806 and its mutant, which has been genetically engineered to knock out microcystin synthesis, were compared. Additionally, the relationship between microcystin ingestion rate by the Daphnia clones andDaphnia survival time was analyzed. Microcystins ingested with Microcystis cells were poisonous to allDaphnia clones tested. The median survival time of the animals wa
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Johansson, Emma, Catherine Legrand, Caroline Björnerås, et al. "High Diversity of Microcystin Chemotypes within a Summer Bloom of the Cyanobacterium Microcystis botrys." Toxins 11, no. 12 (2019): 698. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins11120698.

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The fresh-water cyanobacterium Microcystis is known to form blooms world-wide, and is often responsible for the production of microcystins found in lake water. Microcystins are non-ribosomal peptides with toxic effects, e.g. on vertebrates, but their function remains largely unresolved. Moreover, not all strains produce microcystins, and many different microcystin variants have been described. Here we explored the diversity of microcystin variants within Microcystis botrys, a common bloom-former in Sweden. We isolated a total of 130 strains through the duration of a bloom in eutrophic Lake Vom
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Ballot, Andreas, Morten Sandvik, Thomas Rundberget, Christo J. Botha, and Christopher O. Miles. "Diversity of cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins in Hartbeespoort Dam, South Africa." Marine and Freshwater Research 65, no. 2 (2014): 175. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf13153.

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The South African Hartbeespoort Dam is known for the occurrence of heavy Microcystis blooms. Although a few other cyanobacterial genera have been described, no detailed study on those cyanobacteria and their potential toxin production has been conducted. The diversity of cyanobacterial species and toxins is most probably underestimated. To ascertain the cyanobacterial composition and presence of cyanobacterial toxins in Hartbeespoort Dam, water samples were collected in April 2011. In a polyphasic approach, 27 isolated cyanobacterial strains were classified morphologically and phylogenetically
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Vaitomaa, Jaana, Anne Rantala, Katrianna Halinen, et al. "Quantitative Real-Time PCR for Determination of Microcystin Synthetase E Copy Numbers for Microcystis and Anabaena in Lakes." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 69, no. 12 (2003): 7289–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.69.12.7289-7297.2003.

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ABSTRACT Cyanobacterial mass occurrences in freshwater lakes are generally formed by Anabaena, Microcystis, and Planktothrix, which may produce cyclic heptapeptide hepatotoxins, microcystins. Thus far, identification of the most potent microcystin producer in a lake has not been possible due to a lack of quantitative methods. The aim of this study was to identify the microcystin-producing genera and to determine the copy numbers of microcystin synthetase gene E (mcyE) in Lake Tuusulanjärvi and Lake Hiidenvesi in Finland by quantitative real-time PCR. The microcystin concentrations and cyanoba
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Wang, Suqin, Siyu Yang, Jun Zuo, et al. "Simultaneous Removal of the Freshwater Bloom-Forming Cyanobacterium Microcystis and Cyanotoxin Microcystins via Combined Use of Algicidal Bacterial Filtrate and the Microcystin-Degrading Enzymatic Agent, MlrA." Microorganisms 9, no. 8 (2021): 1594. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9081594.

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Freshwater cyanobacterial blooms (e.g., Microcystis blooms) constitute a major global environmental problem because of their risks to public health and aquatic ecological systems. Current physicochemical treatments of toxic cyanobacteria cause the significant release of cyanotoxin microcystins from damaged cells. Biological control is a promising eco-friendly technology to manage harmful cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins. Here, we demonstrated an efficient biological control strategy at the laboratory scale to simultaneously remove Microcystis and microcystins via the combined use of the algicidal
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Ho, Lionel, Nawal Kayal, Rino Trolio, and Gayle Newcombe. "Determining the fate of Microcystis aeruginosa cells and microcystin toxins following chloramination." Water Science and Technology 62, no. 2 (2010): 442–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2010.448.

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The cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa can produce potent toxins known as microcystins. While many studies have focussed on the chlorination of microcystin toxins, little work has been conducted with respect to the chloramination of the microcystins. In addition, no studies have been reported on the effect of chloramination on intact Microcystis cells. This study was conducted to determine the fate of M. aeruginosa cells and microcystin toxins following chloramination of a drinking water source. Results indicate that monochloramine could effectively oxidise dissolved microcystin-LR (MCLR) p
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Kurmayer, Rainer, Guntram Christiansen, and Ingrid Chorus. "The Abundance of Microcystin-Producing Genotypes Correlates Positively with Colony Size in Microcystis sp. and Determines Its Microcystin Net Production in Lake Wannsee." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 69, no. 2 (2003): 787–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.69.2.787-795.2003.

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ABSTRACT The working hypotheses tested on a natural population of Microcystis sp. in Lake Wannsee (Berlin, Germany) were that (i) the varying abundance of microcystin-producing genotypes versus non-microcystin-producing genotypes is a key factor for microcystin net production and (ii) the occurrence of a gene for microcystin net production is related to colony morphology, particularly colony size. To test these hypotheses, samples were fractionated by colony size with a sieving procedure during the summer of 2000. Each colony size class was analyzed for cell numbers, the proportion of microcys
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Bittencourt-Oliveira, MC, MC Oliveira, and E. Pinto. "Diversity of microcystin-producing genotypes in Brazilian strains of Microcystis (Cyanobacteria)." Brazilian Journal of Biology 71, no. 1 (2011): 209–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1519-69842011000100030.

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Microcystis Kützing ex Lemmermann is among the genera of cyanobacteria often associated to toxic blooms with the release of microcystins. A gene cluster codes for microcystin synthetases, which are involved in the biosynthesis of this toxin. The aim of the present study was to investigate the genetic diversity of the mcyB gene, specifically the B1 module, in Brazilian strains of Microcystis spp. and its microcystin variants. Broad genetic diversity was revealed in this region. From the phylogenetic analysis, three clusters were obtained that were not related to the geographic origin or morphos
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Wang, Hui, Cyndee L. Gruden, Thomas B. Bridgeman, and Justin D. Chaffin. "Detection and quantification of Microcystis spp. and microcystin-LR in Western Lake Erie during the summer of 2007." Water Science and Technology 60, no. 7 (2009): 1837–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2009.517.

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Microcystis spp. blooms have occurred annually in western Lake Erie since about 1995. Microcystis produce a group of toxins known as microcystins which can be harmful to livestock and to humans. In this study, surface water samples were collected from six sites during six sampling events from July to October in 2007. In situ environmental data (e.g. pH, temperature) and laboratory analyses (e.g. nutrients) were carried out to characterize the six sites. The Microcystis spp. density ranged from 102 to 107 cells/ml. Microcystin-LR concentration of 20 of all 36 samples were below the detection li
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Oh, Hee-Mock, Seog June Lee, Jee-Hwan Kim, Hee-Sik Kim, and Byung-Dae Yoon. "Seasonal Variation and Indirect Monitoring of Microcystin Concentrations in Daechung Reservoir, Korea." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 67, no. 4 (2001): 1484–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.67.4.1484-1489.2001.

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ABSTRACT Physicochemical and biological water quality, including the microcystin concentration, was investigated from spring to autumn 1999 in the Daechung Reservoir, Korea. The dominant genus in the cyanobacterial blooming season was Microcystis. The microcystin concentration in particulate form increased dramatically from August up to a level of 200 ng liter−1 in early October and thereafter tended to decrease. The microcystin concentration in dissolved form was about 28% of that of the particulate form. The microcystins detected using a protein phosphatase (PP) inhibition assay were highly
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Microcystin"

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Zilliges, Yvonne. "Molekulare Funktionsanalyse von Microcystin in Microcystis aeruginosa PCC 7806." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät I, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/15782.

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Microcystine sind die wohl bekanntesten cyanobakteriellen Toxine. Sie werden im Wesentlichen durch die im Süßwasser weltweit verbreitete, koloniebildende Gattung Microcystis synthetisiert. Die biologische Funktion dieser Peptide ist jedoch ungeklärt. In dieser Studie wurde die Fragestellung erstmals über einen globalen Ansatz auf molekularer Ebene analysiert. Die proteomischen Analysen zwischen M. aeruginosa PCC 7806/ Wildtyp und einigen Microcystin-freien Mutanten deuten auf eine physiologische Rolle der Microcystine. Microcystine beeinflussen die Abundanz zahlreicher Proteine. Prominentester
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Phelan, Richard Reginald. "Microcystin enhances the fitness of microcystin producing cyanobacteria at high light intensities by either preventing or retarding photoinhibition." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020957.

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Several genera of cyanobacteria produce microcystin, a monocyclic peptide, with a unique chemical structure. To date, there have been over a 100 different structural variants of microcystin which have been identified. Microcystin production is affected by numerous environmental factors. However, the primary modulating factor for intracellular microcystin quota is the intracellular N:C ratio. No clearly defined biological role has been described for microcystin. Proposed roles for microcystin include defence against plankton grazers, metal chelation, an infochemical and a protectant against oxi
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Phelan, Richard Reginald. "A potential biological role for microcystin in photosynthesis in Microcystis Aeruginosa." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1285.

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Neither the ecological role nor the metabolic function of microcystin is known. Cellular microcystin concentrations correlate to cellular nitrogen status for a given environmental phosphorous concentration and specific growth rate. Microcystin production is enhanced when the rate of nitrogen accumulation exceeds the relative specific growth rate and/or when cellular N:C ratios exceed the Redfield ratio as a function of reduced carbon fixation, suggesting enhanced production of microcystin under carbon stress. Additionally, a strong correlation between medium phosphate and carbon fixation, and
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Downing, T. G. "The role of nitrogen in the regulation of microcystin content in Microcystis aeruginosa." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/50523.

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Thesis (PhD)--University of Stellenbosch, 2005.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Several genera of cyanobacteria produce a range of toxins. The increased rate of eutrophication of surface fresh waters due to anthropogenic inputs has resulted in more frequent and severe cyanobacterial bloom events. Such bloom events make impoundments unsuitable for recreational use and increase the cost of production of potable water due to the necessity for removal of toxins released from cells during the purification process. Microcystis aeruginosa is the major freshwater bloom-forming toxic cyanobacterium. Conce
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Sember, Craig Stewart. "The effect of nutrient levels and ratios on the growth of Microcystis aeruginosa and microcystin production." Thesis, University of Port Elizabeth, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/287.

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This study reports the findings on the effect of nitrates and phosphates on the biomass and toxin production of various strains of the unicellular non-nitrogen fixing cyanobacterium, Microcystis aeruginosa. The occurrence of blooms of Microcystis aeruginosa and microcystin in freshwater impoundments across the globe has been on the increase lately due to increased levels of eutrophication, resulting in human and animal deaths and illness, as well as drinking and recreational water foulment. A range of environmental factors have been shown to effect growth and microcystin production. Existing l
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Delaney, James M. "The biological activity of microcystin-LR, isolated from the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa against insects." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.308015.

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Zemskov, Ivan [Verfasser]. "Total Synthesis of Microcystin-LR, Microcystin-LF, and Unnatural Derivatives thereof / Ivan Zemskov." Konstanz : Bibliothek der Universität Konstanz, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1169046711/34.

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Meissner, Sven Verfasser], and Elke [Akademischer Betreuer] [Dittmann. "Implications of Microcystin Production in Microcystis aeruginosa PCC 7806 / Sven Meissner ; Betreuer: Elke Dittmann-Thünemann." Potsdam : Universität Potsdam, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-75199.

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Meissner, Sven [Verfasser], and Elke [Akademischer Betreuer] Dittmann-Thünemann. "Implications of Microcystin Production in Microcystis aeruginosa PCC 7806 / Sven Meissner ; Betreuer: Elke Dittmann-Thünemann." Potsdam : Universität Potsdam, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1218398965/34.

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Velkme, Erik. "A novel method for antisense oligonucleotide gene expression manipulation in toxigenic cyanobacterial species, Microcystis aeruginosa." OpenSIUC, 2020. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/2781.

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Algal blooms caused by toxigenic cyanobacterial species are an increasing economic burden globally, as high anthropogenic inputs of nitrogen and phosphorous, coupled with rising levels of atmospheric CO2, promote eutrophication and enhance bloom proliferation. Of the freshwater bloom forming species, Microcystis aeruginosa has garnered the most attention due to the production of toxic secondary metabolites known as microcystins. These cyclic peptides are potent eukaryotic protein phosphatase 1 and 2A inhibitors, and can induce hepatic damage if concentration levels reach above the World Health
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Books on the topic "Microcystin"

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F, Watanabe Mariyo, ed. Toxic microcystis. CRC Press, 1996.

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Standing Committee of Analysts., ed. Determination of microcystin-LR in drinking waters by HPLC 1994. HMSO, 1994.

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Jones, Geoffrey Brent. Phytoplankton and microcystin-LR in the Assiniboine River at Portage la Prairie, Manitoba, 1997-2001. Manitoba Conservation, 2002.

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Zurawell, Ronald William. An initial assessment of microcystin in raw and treated municipal drinking water derived from eutrophic surface waters in Alberta. Alberta Environment, Science and Standards Branch, 2002.

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Watanabe, Mariyo F., Ken-ichi Harada, Wayne W. Carmichael, and Hirota Fujiki. Toxic Microcystis. CRC Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003575078.

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Ino, Tomio. Strukturaufklärung von toxischen und nicht toxischen Peptiden aus Cyanobakterien der Gattung Microcystis und Partialsynthese von Adda, der Schlüsselkomponente der Microcystine. [s.n.], 1994.

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Watanabe, Masayuki. Nihon aoko daizukan: The freshwater planktonic blue-greens of Japan with photographs and illustrations / by Masayuki Watanabe. Seibundō Shinkōsha, 2007.

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Toivola, Diana. Microcystins: Potent tools to study serine/threonine protein phosphatases and their role in cytoskeletal regulation. Åbo Akademi University Press, 1998.

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Meriluoto, Jussi. Liquid chromatographic analysis of cyanobacterial peptide hepatotoxins. Åbo Akademis förlag, 1990.

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Kovermann, Georg. Süsswasserblaualgen (Microcystis aeruginosa, Anabaena flos-aquae, Aphanizomenon flos-aquae): Entwicklung, Vorkommen, Pharmakologie u. Toxizität. [s.n.], 1988.

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Book chapters on the topic "Microcystin"

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Fujiki, Hirota. "Microcystin-LR." In Encyclopedia of Cancer. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27841-9_7069-3.

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Fujiki, Hirota. "Microcystin-LR." In Encyclopedia of Cancer. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-46875-3_7069.

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Chorus, Ingrid. "Factors Controlling Cellular Microcystin Content." In Cyanotoxins. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59514-1_3.

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Kim, Hye Ryoung, Chi Kyung Kim, Tae Seok Ahn, Soon Ae Yoo, and Dong Hun Lee. "Effects of Temperature and Light on Microcystin Synthetase Gene Transcription in Microcystis Aeruginosa." In Key Engineering Materials. Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-958-x.606.

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Xin, Qing, Yi Zhang, and Gaofeng Yan. "Adsorption of Microcystin-LR by Carbon Xerogel." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-25905-0_27.

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Liyanage, G. Y., S. P. Manage, H. A. S. N. Abeysiri, P. M. Manage, and S. A. Kulasooriya. "Rapid Detection Method of Microcystin in Water." In Protocols for Cyanobacteria Sampling and Detection of Cyanotoxin. Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-4514-6_50.

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Abeyrathne, P. A. B. P., K. P. A. Imanthi, H. A. S. N. Abeysiri, G. Y. Liyanage, M. M. Pathmalal, and S. A. Kulasooriya. "Risk Assessment of Microcystin in Water Resources." In Protocols for Cyanobacteria Sampling and Detection of Cyanotoxin. Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-4514-6_24.

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Ferrari, Alejandro, Marcia Andrea Ruiz, and Ana Laura Ruibal-Conti. "Antibodies as Biomarkers: Effect of Microcystin Exposure." In Biomarkers in Toxicology. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-07392-2_6.

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Ferrari, Alejandro, Marcia Andrea Ruiz, and Ana Laura Ruibal-Conti. "Antibodies as Biomarkers: Effect of Microcystin Exposure." In Biomarkers in Toxicology. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-87225-0_6-1.

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Chang, Shu-Chi, Bo-Li Lu, Jiang-Jen Lin, Yen-Hsien Li, and Maw-Rong Lee. "A Method to Prepare Magnetic Nanosilicate Platelets for Effective Removal of Microcystis aeruginosa and Microcystin-LR." In Methods in Molecular Biology. Springer New York, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-6958-6_8.

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Conference papers on the topic "Microcystin"

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Yi, Cheng-wu, Jing Cai, Hong-xiang Ou, et al. "Extraction and Detection of Microcystin-LR from Microcystic Aeruginosa." In 2010 International Conference on E-Product E-Service and E-Entertainment (ICEEE 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iceee.2010.5660565.

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Hendrickson, Olga Dmitrievna, Elena Anatolievna Zvereva, Ksenia Alekseevna Maksimova, Alexandra Pavlovna Bondarenko, and Sergey Aleksandrovich Eremin. "FLUORESCENT POLARIZATION IMMUNOASSAY OF MICROCYSTIN-LR." In NEW TECHNOLOGIES IN MEDICINE, BIOLOGY, PHARMACOLOGY AND ECOLOGY. Institute of information technology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47501/978-5-6044060-1-4.31.

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To control the highly toxic phycotoxin microcystin-LR, which comtaminates food, a test sys-tem based on polarizing fluorescent immunoassay has been developed allowing for rapid screening testing, the detection limit of microcystin-LR is up to 7.5 ng / ml; duration of analy-sis – 10 min.
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Fields, Chad. "SURVEILLANCE OF MICROCYSTIN IN IOWA’S DRINKING WATER." In 52nd Annual North-Central GSA Section Meeting - 2018. Geological Society of America, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2018nc-312716.

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Huang, Pei, and An Xu. "Genotoxic Effects of Microcystin-LR in Mammalian Cells." In 2009 3rd International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering (iCBBE). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbbe.2009.5162883.

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Chen, Xiaoguo, Shenghu Zhang, Yang Zhang, and Bangding Xiao. "Purification of Microcystin-LR by Solid-Phase Extraction Procedure." In 2009 3rd International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering (iCBBE). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbbe.2009.5163264.

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Wu, Ming-Song, Ying Ji, Jun-Li Huang, Jiao Fu, Yu-Ling Zhang, and Yu Tian. "Effects and Kinetics of Chlorine Dioxide Removal Microcystin-RR." In 2009 3rd International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering (iCBBE). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbbe.2009.5162728.

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Briscoe, Jayson L., and Sang-Yeon Cho. "Low level detection of microcystin using a plasmonic biosensor." In 2014 IEEE Sensors. IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsens.2014.6984996.

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Xiaoguo Chen, Fan Hu, Weicheng Zhang, Yue Hu, Ruiting Yan, and Bangding Xiao. "Toxicities of microcystin LR on caenorhabditis elegans and their offspring." In 2011 International Symposium on Water Resource and Environmental Protection (ISWREP). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iswrep.2011.5893485.

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Chen, Zhaozhe, and Ozeas Costa. "REMOVAL OF MICROCYSTIN USING ARTIFICIAL FLOATING ISLANDS IN RESIDENTIAL WASTEWATER." In GSA Connects 2023 Meeting in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Geological Society of America, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2023am-391976.

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Chen, Zhaozhe, Ozeas Costa, Jiyoung Lee, and Abigail Volk. "REMOVAL OF MICROCYSTIN USING ARTIFICIAL FLOATING ISLANDS IN RESIDENTIAL WASTEWATER." In 57th Annual GSA North-Central Section Meeting - 2023. Geological Society of America, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2023nc-386665.

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Reports on the topic "Microcystin"

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Carrigee, Lyndsay, Carina Jung, Matthew Carr, and Karl Indest. Bacterial remediation of microsystin-HAB toxins utilizing microcystinase (MlrA). Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2025. https://doi.org/10.21079/11681/49673.

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Microcystins are a class of hepatotoxins produced by some harmful algal bloom–associated cyanobacteria and are the most reported toxins in freshwaters. Their cyclic structure makes them resistant to conventional methods used in water treatment operations (boiling, chlorination, and UV treatment). Some bacteria can naturally degrade microcystins via the mlrABCD cluster, a pathway initiated by the primary enzyme microcystinase (MlrA). MlrA linearizes the cyclic microcystin, greatly reducing its toxicity. Protein fusion was employed to produce a recombinant MlrA enzyme fused to maltose-binding pr
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Robinson, Nancy A., Judith G. Pace, Charles F. Matson, George A. Miura, and Wade B. Lawrence. Toxicokinetics of (3H)Microcystin-LR in Mice. Defense Technical Information Center, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada221204.

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Maycock, Barry, Cath Mulholland, Emma French, and Joseph Shavila. Rapid Risk Assessment: What is the risk from microcystins in the edible flesh of fish caught from Lough Neagh? Food Standards Agency, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.slz868.

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During the Summer and Autumn of 2023, Lough Neagh in Northern Ireland was affected by a cyanobacterial bloom. Testing of water from within the bloom reported high concentrations of one type of cyanobacterial toxin, microcystins. Samples were taken from the Lough of eels, roach, perch, pollan and bream and tested for a range of cyanobacterial toxins, including microcystins, nodularins, anatoxin, cylindrospermopsin and saxitoxin. Each sample comprised 10 fish, and five samples were taken of each species, except for bream for which a single sample was collected. The fish were dissected and the ed
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Robinson, Nancy A., Judith G. Pace, Charles F. Matson, George A. Miura, and Wade B. Lawrence. Tissue Distribution, Excretion, and Hepatic Biotransformation of Microcystin-LR in Mice. Defense Technical Information Center, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada232418.

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Thomas, Catherine, Afrachanna Butler, Victor Medina, Chris Griggs, and Alan Katzenmeyer. Physicochemical treatment of cyanobacteria and microcystin by hydrodynamic cavitation and advanced oxidation. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/32313.

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McQueen, Andrew, Michael Habberfield,, Karen Keil, and Burton Suedel. Fate and effects of microcystin in nearshore and upland environments : a literature review. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/35274.

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Sperry, Benjamin, Bradley Sartain, Kurt Getsinger, et al. Field demonstration of a peroxide-based algaecide for harmful algal bloom control in Lake Okeechobee. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/47624.

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Large-scale cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (cHABs) in Lake Okeechobee, Florida, and connected waterways routinely impair water resources. This study conducted a field demonstration of a peroxide-based algaecide in 2020 in the Pahokee Marina on Lake Okeechobee to evaluate the algaecide’s suitability for near-future operational implementation. Within minutes of treatment, rapid oxidation of cHAB cells occurred in the form of bleaching and cell lysis. On average, levels in the treatment area decreased by 4 hours after treatment (HAT) and remained low out to 24 HAT: chlorophyll decreased 87%,
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Calomeni, Alyssa, Andrew McQueen, Ciera Kinley-Baird, and Gerard Clyde. Identification and preventative treatment of overwintering cyanobacteria in sediments : a literature review. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/45063.

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Freshwaters can experience growths of toxin-producing cyanobacteria or harmful algal blooms (HABs). HAB-producing cyanobacteria can develop akinetes, which are thick-enveloped quiescent cells akin to seeds in vascular plants or quiescent colonies that overwinter in sediment. Overwintering cells produce viable “seed beds” for HAB resurgences and preventative treatments may diminish HAB intensity. The purpose of this literature review was to identify (1) environmental factors triggering germination and growth of overwintering cells, (2) sampling, identification, and enumeration methods, and (3)
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Moores, Lee C., P. U. Ashvin, I. Fernando, and Garret W. George. Synthesis of 2-Methoxypropyl Benzene for Epitope Imprinting. U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/44883.

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Harmful algal blooms (HABs) are occurring with increasing frequency and severity across the globe in part due to climate change and anthropogenic pollution (Bullerjahn et al. 2016). HABs produce several classes of toxins; however, microcystins (MCs) are the most commonly studied (Lone et al. 2015) and can be potent toxins with LD50s in the range of 50 μg/kg (Puddick et al. 2014). Sample analysis in laboratories, typically by high-pressure liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) or by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assays (ELISAs) (USEPA 2015). These analytical techniques are h
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Pokrzywinski, Kaytee, Cliff Morgan, Scott Bourne, Molly Reif, Kenneth Matheson, and Shea Hammond. A novel laboratory method for the detection and identification of cyanobacteria using hyperspectral imaging : hyperspectral imaging for cyanobacteria detection. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/40966.

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To assist US Army Corps of Engineers resource managers in monitoring for cyanobacteria bloom events, a laboratory method using hyperspectral imaging has been developed. This method enables the rapid detection of cyanobacteria in large volumes and has the potential to be transitioned to aerial platforms for field deployment. Prior to field data collection, validation of the technology in the laboratory using monocultures was needed. This report describes the development of the detection method using hyperspectral imaging and the stability/reliability of these signatures for identification purpo
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