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Journal articles on the topic 'Microgrid clusters'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 6 September 2023

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1

Sampath Ediriweera, W. E. P., and N. W. A. Lidula. "Design and protection of microgrid clusters: A comprehensive review." AIMS Energy 10, no. 3 (2022): 375–411. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/energy.2022020.

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<abstract> <p>A microgrid is a concept that has been developed with the increasing penetration of distributed generators. With the increasing penetration of distributed energy resources in the microgrids, along with advanced control and communication technologies, the traditional microgrid concept is being transited towards the concept of microgrid clustering. It decomposes the distribution system into several interconnected microgrids, effectively reducing problems such as voltage rise, harmonics, poor power factor, reverse power flow and failure of the conventional protection sch

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Zhao, Ensheng, Yang Han, Hao Zeng, et al. "Accurate Peer-to-Peer Hierarchical Control Method for Hybrid DC Microgrid Clusters." Energies 16, no. 1 (2022): 421. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16010421.

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Hybrid DC microgrid clusters contain various types of converters such as BOOST, BUCK, and bidirectional DC/DC converters, making the control strategy complex and difficult to achieve plug-and-play. The common master–slave hierarchical control strategy makes it difficult to achieve accurate and stable system control. This paper proposes an accurate peer-to-peer hierarchical control method for the hybrid DC microgrid cluster, and the working principle of this hierarchical control method is analyzed in detail. The microgrid cluster consists of three sub-microgrids, where sub-microgrid A consists

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Kunikowski, Grzegorz. "Electricity Storage in Energy Clusters." Transactions on Aerospace Research 2018, no. 4 (2018): 25–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/tar-2018-0027.

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Abstract The article aims to present the results of analysis and evaluation of using energy clusters as a bulk electricity storage. There were developed an analytical model of a sample microgrid (on-grid) and analysed using a software dedicated for optimizing such microgrids. The model of microgrid consist on electricity commercial and residential loads, photovoltaic and wind installations and batteries.

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Khanbaghi, Maryam, and Aleksandar Zecevic. "Stochastic Distributed Control for Arbitrarily Connected Microgrid Clusters." Energies 15, no. 14 (2022): 5163. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15145163.

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Due to the success of single microgrids, the coming years are likely to see a transformation of the current electric power system to a multiple microgrid network. Despite its obvious promise, however, this paradigm still faces many challenges, particularly when it comes to the control and coordination of energy exchanges between subsystems. In view of that, in this paper we propose an optimal stochastic control strategy in which microgrids are modeled as stochastic hybrid dynamic systems. The optimal control is based on the jump linear theory and is used as a means to maximize energy storage a

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langchao, He, Wu Lizhen, Chen Wei, and Hao Xiaohong. "Research on Bi-level Coordinated Optimal Dispatching Strategy for Microgrid Cluster." E3S Web of Conferences 256 (2021): 01045. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125601045.

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The interconnection of multiple microgrids can form a microgrid cluster (MGC). The economic benefit and operation reliability of the whole system can be improved through the energy mutual-aid and coordination control between microgrids. This paper proposes a bi-level coordinated optimal dispatching strategy for microgrid clusters. The upper layer aims to minimize the operating costs of the microgrid cluster system and the power fluctuation of the tie lines. The exchange power and generation power of each sub-microgrid are coordinated and controlled, which are sent to the lower level model as s

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Albaker, Abdullah, Mansoor Alturki, Rabeh Abbassi, and Khalid Alqunun. "Zonal-Based Optimal Microgrids Identification." Energies 15, no. 7 (2022): 2446. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15072446.

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Even though many studies have been deployed to determine the optimal planning and operation of microgrids, limited research was discussed to determine the optimal microgrids’ geographical boundaries. This paper proposes a zonal-based optimal microgrid identification model aiming at identifying the optimal microgrids topology in the current distribution systems through zoning the network into several clusters. In addition, the proposed model was developed as a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) problem that identifies the optimal capacity and location of installing distributed energy resou

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Pan, Xuewei, Fan Yang, Peiwen Ma, Yijin Xing, Jinye Zhang, and Lingling Cao. "A Game-Theoretic Approach of Optimized Operation of AC/DC Hybrid Microgrid Clusters." Energies 15, no. 15 (2022): 5537. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15155537.

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To maximize the benefits of microgrid clusters, a general model and analysis method for studying the optimized operation of AC/DC microgrid clusters using non-cooperative games is proposed. This paper first establishes the optimized objective function of an AC/DC microgrid for economic operations. Based on the supply and demand theory, the dynamic adjustment mechanism of electricity price is introduced into microgrid clusters, and a game model for the optimal operation of multiple microgrids is established. The Nash equilibrium solution of the established model is obtained by iterative search

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Rajendran Pillai, Vipin Raj, Rohit Rajasekharan Nair Valsala, Veena Raj, Muhammed Iskandar Petra, Satheesh Kumar Krishnan Nair, and Sathyajith Mathew. "Exploring the Potential of Microgrids in the Effective Utilisation of Renewable Energy: A Comprehensive Analysis of Evolving Themes and Future Priorities Using Main Path Analysis." Designs 7, no. 3 (2023): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/designs7030058.

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Microgrids are energy systems that can operate independently or in conjunction with the main electricity grid. Their purpose is to link different energy sources, enhance customer participation in energy markets, and improve energy system efficiency and flexibility. However, regulatory, technical, and financial obstacles hinder their deployment. To comprehend the current state of the field, this study utilized citation network analysis (CNA) methodology to examine over 1500 scholarly publications on microgrid research and development (R&D). The study employed modularity-based clustering ana

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Rostami, Ziba, Sajad Najafi Ravadanegh, Navid Taghizadegan Kalantari, Josep M. Guerrero, and Juan C. Vasquez. "Dynamic Modeling of Multiple Microgrid Clusters Using Regional Demand Response Programs." Energies 13, no. 16 (2020): 4050. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13164050.

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Preserving the frequency stability of multiple microgrid clusters is a serious challenge. This work presents a dynamic model of multiple microgrid clusters with different types of distributed energy resources (DERs) and energy storage systems (ESSs) that was used to examine the load frequency control (LFC) of microgrids. The classical proportional integral derivative (PID) controllers were designed to tune the frequency of microgrids. Furthermore, an imperialist competitive algorithm (ICA) was proposed to investigate the frequency deviations of microgrids by considering renewable energy resour

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Venkata Pavan Kumar, Yellapragada, Sivakavi Naga Venkata Bramareswara Rao, and Ramani Kannan. "Islanding Detection in Grid-Connected Urban Community Multi-Microgrid Clusters Using Decision-Tree-Based Fuzzy Logic Controller for Improved Transient Response." Urban Science 7, no. 3 (2023): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/urbansci7030072.

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The development of renewable-energy-based microgrids is being considered as a potential solution to lessen the unrelenting burden on the centralized utility grid. Furthermore, recent studies reveal that integrated multi-microgrid cluster systems developed in urban communities maximize the effectiveness of microgrids and greatly decrease the utility grid dependence. However, due to the uncertain nature of renewable energy sources and frequent load variations, these systems face issues with unintentional islanding operations. This can create severe damage to the microgrid’s performance in its st

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Alam, Md Shafiul, Abdullah A. Almehizia, Fahad Saleh Al-Ismail, et al. "Frequency Stabilization of AC Microgrid Clusters: An Efficient Fractional Order Supercapacitor Controller Approach." Energies 15, no. 14 (2022): 5179. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15145179.

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An autonomous microgrid is often formed by incorporating distributed generators into the distribution system. However, distributed generators have less inertia compared to traditional synchronous generators, and can cause the system frequency to become unstable. Additionally, as more clusters are integrated into the distribution microgrid, frequency instability increases. To resolve frequency instability in the microgrid cluster, this study proposes a supercapacitor control approach. The microgrid consists of several clusters which integrate wind power generators, solar PV, STP, fuel cells, aq

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Feng, Fei, Xin Du, Qiang Si, and Hao Cai. "Hybrid Game Optimization of Microgrid Cluster (MC) Based on Service Provider (SP) and Tiered Carbon Price." Energies 15, no. 14 (2022): 5291. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15145291.

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Carbon trading is a market-based mechanism towards low-carbon electric power systems. A hybrid game optimization model is established for deriving the optimal trading price between microgrids (MGs) as well as providing the optimal pricing scheme for trading between the microgrid cluster(MC) and the upper-layer service provider (SP). At first, we propose a robust optimization model of microgrid clusters from the perspective of risk aversion, in which the uncertainty of wind and photovoltaic (PV) output is modeled with resort to the information gap decision theory (IGDT). Finally, based on the N

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Chen, Peng, Chen Qian, Li Lan, et al. "Shared Trading Strategy of Multiple Microgrids Considering Joint Carbon and Green Certificate Mechanism." Sustainability 15, no. 13 (2023): 10287. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su151310287.

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With a background of carbon peak and neutrality, the economic and environmental requirements are increasing for microgrids. In view of the problem of energy wastage and conflicts of interest among multiple microgrid integrated energy systems, it is important to study the operation optimization of microgrid clusters while considering the sharing and trading of both carbon emissions and green certificates. In this study, a Stackelberg game mechanism is applied, in which the microgrid operator is the leader and its subscribers are the followers, forming a master–slave interaction model. Following

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Saldarriaga-Zuluaga, Sergio D., Jesús M. López-Lezama, and Nicolás Muñoz-Galeano. "Optimal Coordination of Over-Current Relays in Microgrids Using Unsupervised Learning Techniques." Applied Sciences 11, no. 3 (2021): 1241. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11031241.

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Microgrids constitute complex systems that integrate distributed generation (DG) and feature different operational modes. The optimal coordination of directional over-current relays (DOCRs) in microgrids is a challenging task, especially if topology changes are taken into account. This paper proposes an adaptive protection approach that takes advantage of multiple setting groups that are available in commercial DOCRs to account for network topology changes in microgrids. Because the number of possible topologies is greater than the available setting groups, unsupervised learning techniques are

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15

Moayedi, Seyedali, and Ali Davoudi. "Distributed Tertiary Control of DC Microgrid Clusters." IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics 31, no. 2 (2016): 1717–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpel.2015.2424672.

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Yang, Li, and Zhijian Hu. "Implementation of Dynamic Virtual Inertia Control of Supercapacitors for Multi-Area PV-Based Microgrid Clusters." Sustainability 12, no. 8 (2020): 3299. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12083299.

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In order to improve the dynamic stability of multi-area microgrid (MG) clusters in the autonomous mode, this study proposes a novel fuzzy-based dynamic inertia control strategy for supercapacitors in multi-area autonomous MG clusters. By virtue of the integral manifold theory, the interactive influence of inertia on dynamic stability for multi-area MG clusters is explored in detail. The energy function of multi-area MG clusters is constructed to further analyze the inertia constant. Based on the analysis of the mechanism, a control strategy for the fuzzy-based dynamic inertia control of superc

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Sanduleac, Mihai, João Martins, Irina Ciornei, et al. "Resilient and Immune by Design Microgrids Using Solid State Transformers." Energies 11, no. 12 (2018): 3377. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11123377.

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Solid State Transformers (SST) may become, in the near future, key technological enablers for decentralized energy supply systems. They have the potential to unleash new technologies and operation strategies of microgrids and prosumers to move faster towards a low carbon-based economy. This work proposes a paradigm change in the hierarchically and distributed operated power systems where SSTs are used to asynchronously connect the many small low voltage (LV) distribution networks, such as clusters of prosumers or LV microgrids, to the bulk power system. The need for asynchronously coupled micr

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18

Han, Yang, Ke Zhang, Hong Li, Ernane Antonio Alves Coelho, and Josep M. Guerrero. "MAS-Based Distributed Coordinated Control and Optimization in Microgrid and Microgrid Clusters: A Comprehensive Overview." IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics 33, no. 8 (2018): 6488–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpel.2017.2761438.

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Bandeiras, F., E. Pinheiro, M. Gomes, P. Coelho, and J. Fernandes. "Review of the cooperation and operation of microgrid clusters." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 133 (November 2020): 110311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2020.110311.

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20

Saeed, Muhammad Hammad, MD Sohel Rana, MD Kausaraahmed, Claude Ziad El-Bayeh, and Fangzong Wang. "Demand response based microgrid's economic dispatch." International Journal of Renewable Energy Development 12, no. 4 (2023): 749–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijred.2023.49165.

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The development of energy management tools for next-generation Distributed Energy Resources (DER) based power plants, such as photovoltaic, energy storage units, and wind, helps power systems be more flexible. Microgrids are entities that coordinate DERs in a persistently more decentralized fashion, hence decreasing the operational burden on the main grid and permitting them to give their full benefits. A new power framework has emerged due to the integration of DERs-based microgrids into the conventional power system. With the rapid advancement of microgrid technology, more emphasis has been

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21

Bayati, Navid, Hamid Reza Baghaee, Mehdi Savaghebi, Amin Hajizadeh, Mohsen N. Soltani, and Zhengyu Lin. "DC Fault Current Analyzing, Limiting, and Clearing in DC Microgrid Clusters." Energies 14, no. 19 (2021): 6337. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14196337.

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A new DC fault current limiter (FCL)-based circuit breaker (CB) for DC microgrid (MG) clusters is proposed in this paper. The analytical expressions of the DC fault current of a bidirectional interlink DC/DC converter in the interconnection line of two nearby DC MGs are analyzed in detail. Meanwhile, a DC fault clearing solution (based on using a DC FCL in series with a DC circuit breaker) is proposed. This structure offers low complexity, cost, and power losses. To assess the performance of the proposed method, time-domain simulation studies are carried out on a test DC MG cluster in a MATLAB

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Lu, Xiaoqing, and Jingang Lai. "Droop-Based Two-Layer Cooperation for Multiple DC Microgrid Clusters." IFAC-PapersOnLine 53, no. 2 (2020): 12924–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2020.12.2125.

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23

Lai, Jingang, Xiaoqing Lu, and Fei Wang. "Bilevel Information-Aware Distributed Resilient Control for Heterogeneous Microgrid Clusters." IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications 57, no. 3 (2021): 2014–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tia.2021.3057301.

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Sahoo, Subham, Sukumar Mishra, Seyed Mahdi Fazeli, Furong Li, and Tomislav Dragicevic. "A Distributed Fixed-Time Secondary Controller for DC Microgrid Clusters." IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion 34, no. 4 (2019): 1997–2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tec.2019.2934905.

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25

Li, Zhenfeng. "Optimal allocation of energy storage in distribution network considering microgrid cluster and system economic operation." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2474, no. 1 (2023): 012082. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2474/1/012082.

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Abstract A two-stage optimization model for the location of distribution grid energy storage (ES) configuration and its capacity determination is proposed for different operating conditions of the distribution grid, consider the impact of microgrid cluster operation strategies and sub-microgrid cooperation on the distribution network (DN). In the first stage, location, number of ES devices, the charging/discharging strategy were solved for using GAMS software, the minimum operating cost of the distribution system is used as the target for the daily operating timescale. In the second stage, the

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Saldarriaga-Zuluaga, Sergio D., Jesús M. López-Lezama, and Nicolás Muñoz-Galeano. "Optimal Coordination of Over-Current Relays in Microgrids Using Principal Component Analysis and K-Means." Applied Sciences 11, no. 17 (2021): 7963. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11177963.

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Microgrids (MGs) are decentralized systems that integrate distributed energy resources and may operate in grid-connected or islanded modes. Furthermore, MGs may feature several topologies or operative scenarios. These characteristics bring about major challenges in determining a proper protection coordination scheme. A new optimal coordination approach for directional over-current relays (OCRs) in MGs is proposed. In this case, a clustering of operational models is carried out by means of a K-means algorithm hybridized with the principal component analysis (PCA) technique. The number of cluste

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Wahid, Abdul, Javed Iqbal, Affaq Qamar, et al. "A Novel Power Scheduling Mechanism for Islanded DC Microgrid Cluster." Sustainability 12, no. 17 (2020): 6918. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12176918.

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Extension of the main grid to remote areas is economically not feasible. To electrify remote areas, one of the best choices is to install Renewable Energy Sources (RES) as a distributed generation (DG) and thus form a microgrid (MG) in islanded (Stand-alone) mode. In islanded mode, the MG has no support from the national grid. Thus, the overloading of islanded DC MG can collapse DC bus voltage and cause fluctuation in the load. Therefore, the power sharing and the interconnection among the microgrid (MG) cluster are necessary for reliable operation. Many methods for power sharing also aim at m

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UDDIN, M. IRFAN, MICHIEL W. VAN TOL, and CHRIS R. JESSHOPE. "HIGH LEVEL SIMULATION OF SVP MANY-CORE SYSTEMS." Parallel Processing Letters 21, no. 04 (2011): 413–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129626411000308.

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The Microgrid is a many-core architecture comprising multiple clusters of fine-grained multi-threaded cores. The SVP API supported by the cores allows for the asynchronous delegation of work to different clusters of cores which can be acquired dynamically. We want to explore the execution of complex applications and their interaction with dynamically allocated resources. To date, any evaluation of the Microgrid has used a detailed emulation with a cycle accurate simulation of the execution time. Although the emulator can be used to evaluate small program kernels, it only executes at a rate of

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Aybar-Mejía, Miguel, Junior Villanueva, Deyslen Mariano-Hernández, Félix Santos, and Angel Molina-García. "A Review of Low-Voltage Renewable Microgrids: Generation Forecasting and Demand-Side Management Strategies." Electronics 10, no. 17 (2021): 2093. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10172093.

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It is expected that distribution power systems will soon be able to connect a variety of microgrids from residential, commercial, and industrial users, and thus integrate a variety of distributed generation technologies, mainly renewable energy sources to supply their demands. Indeed, some authors affirm that distribution networks will propose significant changes as a consequence of this massive integration of microgrids at the distribution level. Under this scenario, the control of distributed generation inverters, demand management systems, renewable resource forecasting, and demand predicti

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Tan, Sen, Peilin Xie, Josep M. Guerrero, and Juan C. Vasquez. "False Data Injection Cyber-Attacks Detection for Multiple DC Microgrid Clusters." Applied Energy 310 (March 2022): 118425. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.118425.

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He, Jinghan, Xiaoyu Wu, Xiangyu Wu, Yin Xu, and Josep M. Guerrero. "Small-Signal Stability Analysis and Optimal Parameters Design of Microgrid Clusters." IEEE Access 7 (2019): 36896–909. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2900728.

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Akhavan, Ali, Hamid Reza Mohammadi, Juan C. Vasquez, and Josep M. Guerrero. "Coupling effect analysis and control for grid‐connected multi‐microgrid clusters." IET Power Electronics 13, no. 5 (2020): 1059–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-pel.2019.0632.

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Daneshvar, Mohammadreza, Behnam Mohammadi-Ivatloo, Somayeh Asadi, et al. "Chance-constrained models for transactive energy management of interconnected microgrid clusters." Journal of Cleaner Production 271 (October 2020): 122177. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.122177.

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Zhao, Zhuoli, Ping Yang, Yuewu Wang, Zhirong Xu, and Josep M. Guerrero. "Dynamic Characteristics Analysis and Stabilization of PV-Based Multiple Microgrid Clusters." IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid 10, no. 1 (2019): 805–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2017.2752640.

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Wu, Xiangyu, Yin Xu, Jinghan He, Xiaojun Wang, Juan C. Vasquez, and Josep M. Guerrero. "Pinning-Based Hierarchical and Distributed Cooperative Control for AC Microgrid Clusters." IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics 35, no. 9 (2020): 9865–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpel.2020.2972321.

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Mudaliyar, Shivraman, Bhanu Duggal, and Sukumar Mishra. "Distributed Tie-Line Power Flow Control of Autonomous DC Microgrid Clusters." IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics 35, no. 10 (2020): 11250–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpel.2020.2980882.

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Ghodsi, Mohammad Reza, Alireza Tavakoli, and Amin Samanfar. "A Robust Controller Design for Load Frequency Control in Islanded Microgrid Clusters." International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems 2022 (August 16, 2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4218067.

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In this paper, virtual inertia control (VIC) is suggested to increase the frequency stability in islanded microgrid (MG) clusters. The aim of the suggested control method is to improve damping characteristic of MG clusters including different distributed generations (DGs). The optimal/robust values of the VIC parameters are tuned by a μ-synthesis robust control method. The proposed robust/optimal VIC-based control method is confirmed by various scenarios. Computer simulation and hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) tests are used to show the effectiveness of the suggested method in increasing the dampin

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Liu, Sucheng, Xiang Li, Mengyu Xia, Qiangdong Qin, and Xiaodong Liu. "Takagi-Sugeno Multimodeling-Based Large Signal Stability Analysis of DC Microgrid Clusters." IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics 36, no. 11 (2021): 12670–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpel.2021.3076734.

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Liu, Shuo, Shanjin Kai, Jianlin Li, Haotian Miao, Honghao You, and Xu Zhou. "Research on distributed energy storage pinning coordinated control method of microgrid clusters." Energy Reports 8 (November 2022): 10657–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2022.08.178.

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Bayati, Navid, Ebrahim Balouji, Hamid Reza Baghaee, et al. "Locating high-impedance faults in DC microgrid clusters using support vector machines." Applied Energy 308 (February 2022): 118338. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.118338.

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Simonov, Mikhail. "Dynamic Partitioning of DC Microgrid in Resilient Clusters Using Event-Driven Approach." IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid 5, no. 5 (2014): 2618–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tsg.2014.2302992.

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BATOOL, Munira, Farhad SHAHNIA, and Syed M. ISLAM. "Multi-level supervisory emergency control for operation of remote area microgrid clusters." Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 7, no. 5 (2019): 1210–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40565-018-0481-6.

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Zhou, Xiaoqian, and Qian Ai. "Distributed economic and environmental dispatch in two kinds of CCHP microgrid clusters." International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems 112 (November 2019): 109–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijepes.2019.04.045.

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Yang, Weiman, Xinyue Kang, Xinggui Wang, and Manliang Wang. "MPC-based three-phase unbalanced power coordination control method for microgrid clusters." Energy Reports 9 (December 2023): 1830–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2022.12.079.

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Lu, Xiaoqing, Jingang Lai, Xinghuo Yu, Yaonan Wang, and Josep M. Guerrero. "Distributed Coordination of Islanded Microgrid Clusters Using a Two-Layer Intermittent Communication Network." IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics 14, no. 9 (2018): 3956–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tii.2017.2783334.

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John, Blessy, Arindam Ghosh, Megha Goyal, and Firuz Zare. "A DC Power Exchange Highway Based Power Flow Management for Interconnected Microgrid Clusters." IEEE Systems Journal 13, no. 3 (2019): 3347–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2019.2911625.

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Mohamed, Ahmed A., Ahmed T. Elsayed, Tarek A. Youssef, and Osama A. Mohammed. "Hierarchical control for DC microgrid clusters with high penetration of distributed energy resources." Electric Power Systems Research 148 (July 2017): 210–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsr.2017.04.003.

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Xu, Qianwen, Yan Xu, Zhao Xu, Lihua Xie, and Frede Blaabjerg. "A Hierarchically Coordinated Operation and Control Scheme for DC Microgrid Clusters Under Uncertainty." IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy 12, no. 1 (2021): 273–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tste.2020.2991096.

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Wu, Chuantao, Quan Sui, Xiangning Lin, Zhixun Wang, and Zhengtian Li. "Scheduling of energy management based on battery logistics in pelagic islanded microgrid clusters." International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems 127 (May 2021): 106573. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijepes.2020.106573.

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Li, Zhen-Long, Peng Li, Zhi-Peng Yuan, Jing Xia, and De Tian. "Optimized utilization of distributed renewable energies for island microgrid clusters considering solar-wind correlation." Electric Power Systems Research 206 (May 2022): 107822. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsr.2022.107822.

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