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Journal articles on the topic 'Microlophus'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Beuttner, Antonia, and Claudia Koch. "Analysis of diet composition and morphological characters of the Peruvian lizard Microlophus stolzmanni (Squamata: Tropiduridae)." Phyllomedusa: Journal of Herpetology 18, no. 1 (June 18, 2019): 47–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v18i1p47-62.

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Analysis of diet composition and morphological characters of the Peruvian lizard Microlophus stolzmanni (Squamata: Tropiduridae). Microlophus stolzmanni is a diurnal lizard that is endemic to the dry forest of northern Peru. Little is known about the ecology of the species and the composition of its diet never has been studied. The stomach contents and morphological features related to feeding behavior are analyzed herein. Microlophus stolzmanni is a semi-herbivorous food generalist that also consumes animal items. All age groups prefer sedentary prey for which M. stolzmanni forages actively. As the lizard matures, plant material becomes a more important part of the diet.

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2

Kizirian, David, Adrienne Trager, Maureen A. Donnelly, and John W. Wright. "Evolution of Galapagos Island Lava Lizards (Iguania: Tropiduridae: Microlophus)." Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 32, no. 3 (September 2004): 761–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2004.04.004.

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3

Vidal, Marcela, Juan C. Ortiz, Gustavo Escobar, and Fernando Torres-Pérez. "Identidad taxonómica de Microlophus heterolepis (Wiegmann, 1835) y Microlophus yanezi (Ortiz, 1980): Dos buenas especies del desierto interior de Chile y Perú." Gayana (Concepción) 81, no. 2 (December 2017): 100–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/s0717-65382017000200100.

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4

Chávez-Villavicencio, César, Yohani Ibáñez-Álvarez, and Jesús Manuel Charcape Ravelo. "Selección de hábitat y composición de la dieta de Microlophus occipitalis (Reptilia: Tropiduridae) en Sechura, Piura - Perú." Revista peruana de Biología 25, no. 3 (September 25, 2018): 221. http://dx.doi.org/10.15381/rpb.v25i3.13403.

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Microlophus occipitalis es una lagartija diurna que se distribuye en las costas de Ecuador y Perú, de la cual se pretende determinar el uso y selección de los recursos de hábitat, así como los principales componentes de su dieta. Se trabajó en la laguna Ñapique (Piura, Perú), usando el Diseño Tipo I de Manly (la disponibilidad y uso se estiman para todos los individuos de la especie dentro del área de estudio), y el Coeficiente de Selección de Manly para determinar la selección de recursos. La composición de la dieta y amplitud del nicho trófico se analizó con el índice de Levins estandarizado. Un total de 1055 observaciones permitieron determinar que M. occipitalis seleccionó los recursos Tronco y Piedra. La actividad dominante fue la Alimentación, seguida del Soleamiento. Existió un alto consumo de Himenópteros, seguido de los Coleópteros. Microlophus occipitalis es una especie que usa principalmente los troncos y las piedras que se presentan en su hábitat para poder termorregular. Su principal actividad es la alimenticia. Es una especie carnívora que en la temporada de primavera-verano consume principalmente hormigas y coleópteros pero complementa su dieta con flores y hojas en baja cantidad, en un consumo aparentemente accidental.

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5

Guzmán, Alfredo, and Juan Carlos Jordán. "Resource partitioning between Microlophus occipitalis and Stenocercus puyango (Sauria: Tropiduridae) in Cerros de Amotape National Park, Tumbes, Peru." Revista Peruana de Biología 28, no. 3 (August 31, 2021): e21115. http://dx.doi.org/10.15381/rpb.v28i3.21115.

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Activity, microhabitat use, and diet are patterns commonly used to define the saurian community structure, because of differential exploitation allowing coexistence at the same time and place. We analyze resource partitioning between two sympatric saurian species, Stenocercus puyango and Microlophus occipitalis, in the transitional area of the Pacific Tropical Forest and the Dry Forest inside Cerros de Amotape National Park (PNCA) in Tumbes, northwestern of Peru. Microlophus occipitalis and S. puyango both showed a unimodal activity pattern with higher activity around 13:00 h, with a mean body temperature of 34.83 °C and 32.17 °C respectively, observing a significant relationship between body and environmental (air and substrate) temperatures. Rocks and tree trunks were the most frequent microhabitats used by M. occipitalis while S. puyango were registered more frequently over leaf litter. The diets of both tropidurids were composed by arthropods, ants, and insect larvae mainly. Similarities in activity times (temporal niche) and diet (trophic niche) should be related to phylogenetic relationship and environmental characteristics of PNCA (seasonality, vegetal composition) meanwhile differences in space use and microhabitat thermal quality will be related to thermal quality in the area.

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6

Whittier, Thomas R., and Karsten E. Hartel. "First Records of Redear Sunfish (Lepomis microlophus) in New England." Northeastern Naturalist 4, no. 4 (1997): 237. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3858609.

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7

RANJBAR, MASSOUD, ALI ASKARI, and SOMEH MOHAMMADI. "A contribution to Centaurea sect. Microlophus (Asteraceae, Cardueae) in Iran." Phytotaxa 361, no. 2 (July 19, 2018): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.361.2.2.

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Centaurea masjedsoleymanensis endemic to SW Iran and C. palanganensis endemic to W Iran are described as new species and illustrated. Centaurea masjedsoleymanensis is distinguished from its closely related species, C. pabotii, by having shorter median and upper cauline leaves, a spine of phyllaries up to 4 mm long, incised median cauline leaves, and smaller upper cauline leaves. Centaurea palanganensis is distinguished from C. thracica by having decurrent median cauline leaves, oblong or elliptic basal cauline leaves, phyllaries with a median appendage 10–13 mm long and a spine up to 2 mm long. The IUCN conservation status of both new species is evaluated as Vulnerable (VU). Results from cytogenetic analyses indicated that new taxa are diploid (2n = 2x = 16), which is consistent with the proposed base number of x = 8 for the genus. Meiosis was observed as regular, with bivalent pairing and normal chromosome segregation. Based on the results x = 8 and 9 was determined for C. sect. Microlophus. The relationships between chromosome numbers, geographical distribution and ploidy levels indicate that both aneuploidy and polyploidy have played an important role in the speciation processes in this section.

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8

Watkins, Graham G. "Proximate Causes of Sexual Size Dimorphism in the Iguanian Lizard Microlophus Occipitalis." Ecology 77, no. 5 (July 1996): 1473–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2265544.

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9

Jordan, M. A., R. L. Hammond, H. L. Snell, H. M. Snell, and W. C. Jordan. "Isolation and characterization of microsatellite loci from Galapagos lava lizards (Microlophus spp.)." Molecular Ecology Notes 2, no. 3 (September 2002): 349–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-8286.2002.00247.x.

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10

Porta, Michael J., and Richard A. Snow. "First record of pughead deformity in redear sunfish Lepomis microlophus (Günther, 1859)." Journal of Applied Ichthyology 35, no. 3 (April 2019): 775–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jai.13904.

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11

Tanner, Dawn, and Jim Perry. "Road effects on abundance and fitness of Galápagos lava lizards (Microlophus albemarlensis)." Journal of Environmental Management 85, no. 2 (October 2007): 270–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2006.08.022.

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12

Peterson, Mark S. "Comparative Physiological Ecology of Centrarchids in Hyposaline Environments." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 45, no. 5 (May 1, 1988): 827–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f88-100.

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Empirical evidence and data from this study suggests that there are intrafamilial differences in salinity tolerance that apparently change longitudinally along salinity gradients. Lepomis punctatus and Micropterus punctulatus require a significantly longer time to acclimate to increased salinity than L. microlophus, which apparently acclimates within 1 h. Both increased salinity (0–8 ppt) and the time (1–72 h) exposed to a particular salinity impact osmotic and hematocrit regulation. Observed intrafamilial differences in osmotic and hematocrit regulation underlay the distribution and relative abundance of centrarchids and could explain their seasonal use o low salinity marshes. Furthermore, the > 12-h acclimation times of L. punctatus and M. punctulatus suggest that these two species may never become fully acclimated to a salinity during a diurnal tidal cycle.

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13

Sepúlveda, Maritza, Marcela A. Vidal, José M. Fariña, and Pablo Sabat. "Seasonal and geographic variation in thermal biology of the lizard Microlophus atacamensis (Squamata: Tropiduridae)." Journal of Thermal Biology 33, no. 3 (April 2008): 141–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtherbio.2007.07.002.

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14

JORDAN, M. A., H. L. SNELL, H. M. SNELL, and W. C. JORDAN. "Phenotypic divergence despite high levels of gene flow in Galápagos lava lizards (Microlophus albemarlensis)." Molecular Ecology 14, no. 3 (February 7, 2005): 859–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294x.2005.02452.x.

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15

Pennacchio, F., M. C. Digilio, E. Tremblay, and A. Tranfaglia. "Host recognition and acceptance behaviour in two aphid parasitoid species: Aphidius ervi and Aphidius microlophii (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)." Bulletin of Entomological Research 84, no. 1 (March 1994): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485300032235.

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AbstractThe host preference and acceptance behaviour of populations of Aphidius ervi Haliday and A. microlophii Pennacchio & Tremblay from southern Italy was investigated. In no host-choice conditions, A. ervi females showed significantly higher attack and oviposition rates on the natural host Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris) than on the non-host aphid Microlophium carnosum (Buckton)(Homoptera: Aphididae). In contrast, A. microlophii, which specifically parasitizes M. carnosum in the field, attacked both aphid species. However, dissections showed that oviposition of A. microlophii occurred only in a few of the attacked Acyrthosiphon pisum and was significantly less frequent than in M. carnosum. These results were confirmed in experimental host-choice conditions, suggesting that Aphidius microlophii oviposition is possibly regulated by a host haemolymphatic kairomone. Hybrids obtained by crossing A. ervi females with A. microlophii males attacked and oviposited in both aphid species, suggesting that these behavioural events have a strong genetic basis. The oviposition into host or non-host aphids did not elicit an immune defence reaction. The presence of the host's food-plant had no evident close-range effects on parasitoid attack and oviposition in non-host aphids. Aphidius microlophii reared on the non-host aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum produced a significant higher number of mummies after a few generations, suggesting a possible role of larval and early adult conditioning in the host selection process. These results, together with those from previous studies, suggest that Aphidius ervi is best considered as a complex of differentiated populations, characterized by a varying degree of genetic divergence.

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16

Rowe, John W., David L. Clark, Chelsea E. Martin, and Carlos Valle. "Diel and seasonal variations in the thermal biology of San Cristobal Lava Lizards (Microlophus bivittatus)." Journal of Thermal Biology 88 (February 2020): 102518. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtherbio.2020.102518.

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17

Toyama, Ken S., Karina Junes, Jorge Ruiz, Alejandro Mendoza, and Jose M. Pérez. "Ontogenetic Changes in the Diet and Head Morphology of an Omnivorous Tropidurid Lizard (Microlophus thoracicus)." Zoology 129 (August 2018): 45–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.zool.2018.06.004.

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18

RANJBAR, MASSOUD, ALI ASKARI, and SOMAYEH MOHAMMADI. "Two new species of Centaurea sect. Microlophus (Asteraceae, Cardueae) from Iran." Phytotaxa 480, no. 2 (January 20, 2021): 125–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.480.2.2.

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Centaurea dezfulica and C. kuhdashtensis are described and illustrated as new species. They belong to C. sect. Microlophus and are endemic to NW Iran. Centaurea dezfulica is closely related to C. pabotii but distinguished from the latter species by densely hispid hairs, plant height 45–50 cm, upper cauline leaves decurrent, segments of lower cauline leaves in 7–8 pairs, larger involucres, 20–23 × 10–20 mm, inner phyllaries obtuse, appendage 2–3 mm long, larger spinule (1–2 mm long) and short central florets and achene. Centaurea kuhdashtensis is distinguished from C. koeieana by loosely hispid hairs, larger lower cauline leaves, pinnatipartite-pinnatilobate, or pinnatifid median [lower] cauline leaves, segments of lower cauline leaves in 15–17 pairs, and those of basal cauline leaves in 14–15 pairs. An updated key to C. dezfulica and C. kuhdashtensis and their closely related taxa in Iran is also provided.

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19

Jordan, Mark, Howard Snell, Jennifer Hollis, and Paul Stone. "Habitat as a source of intrapopulational variation of ornament size in Galápagos lava lizards (Microlophus albemarlensis complex)." Amphibia-Reptilia 29, no. 2 (2008): 278–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853808784125081.

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Abstract Gradients in habitat structure are expected to influence the outcome of selection on traits that contribute to communicative display. Galápagos lava lizards (Microlophus albemarlensis complex) on Isla Plaza Sur in the Galápagos Islands occur across a gradient of vegetative cover. Previous work in this population has shown that traits associated with predator avoidance are magnified in habitats with low vegetative cover. This pattern suggests that predation pressure differs by habitat and thus, may act to select against the elaboration of ornamentation. We measured the size of the chin patch, an ornament known to be used in intraspecific signaling, to test this hypothesis. The area of the chin patch was dependent on both snout-vent length and residual body mass. In contrast to expectation, males had larger chin patches in the sparsely vegetated habitat suggested to have high predation risk. This result raises questions about the presumed survival cost of ornament elaboration.

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20

Clark, David L., Joseph M. Macedonia, John W. Rowe, Kendall Kamp, and Carlos A. Valle. "Responses of Galápagos Lava Lizards (Microlophus bivittatus) to Manipulation of Female Nuptial Coloration on Lizard Robots." Herpetologica 73, no. 4 (December 1, 2017): 323. http://dx.doi.org/10.1655/herpetologica-d-16-00056.

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21

Venzal, José M., Santiago Nava, Daniel González-Acuña, Atilio J. Mangold, Sebastián Muñoz-Leal, Paula Lado, and Alberto A. Guglielmone. "A new species of Ornithodoros (Acari: Argasidae), parasite of Microlophus spp. (Reptilia: Tropiduridae) from northern Chile." Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases 4, no. 1-2 (February 2013): 128–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ttbdis.2012.10.038.

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22

Benavides, Edgar, Rebecca Baum, David McClellan, and Jack W. Sites. "Molecular Phylogenetics of the Lizard Genus Microlophus (Squamata:Tropiduridae): Aligning and Retrieving Indel Signal from Nuclear Introns." Systematic Biology 56, no. 5 (October 1, 2007): 776–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10635150701618527.

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23

JORDAN, M. A., and H. L. SNELL. "Historical fragmentation of islands and genetic drift in populations of Galápagos lava lizards (Microlophus albemarlensis complex)." Molecular Ecology 17, no. 5 (March 2008): 1224–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294x.2007.03658.x.

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24

Sepúlveda, Maritza, Pablo Sabat, Warren P. Porter, and José Miguel Fariña. "One Solution for Two Challenges: The Lizard Microlophus atacamensis Avoids Overheating by Foraging in Intertidal Shores." PLoS ONE 9, no. 5 (May 19, 2014): e97735. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0097735.

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25

Wong, Wai Hing, Shawn L. Gerstenberger, Mark D. Hatcher, Don R. Thompson, and Daniel Schrimsher. "Invasive quagga mussels can be attenuated by redear sunfish (Lepomis microlophus) in the Southwestern United States." Biological Control 64, no. 3 (March 2013): 276–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2012.11.006.

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26

Jordan, Mark A., and Howard L. Snell. "Life history trade-offs and phenotypic plasticity in the reproduction of Galápagos lava lizards (Microlophus delanonis)." Oecologia 130, no. 1 (January 2002): 44–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004420100776.

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27

Dehn, Paula F. "Seasonal changes in adenylate energy metabolism in the muscle and liver of the redear sunfish,Lepomis microlophus." Aquatic Living Resources 5, no. 3 (July 1992): 197–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/alr:1992019.

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28

Pérez Z., José, Emilio Fuentes, and Juan Jordán. "Dieta de la lagartija de los gramadales Microlophus thoracicus icae en el valle del río Ica, Perú." Revista Peruana de Biología 22, no. 2 (October 15, 2015): 233. http://dx.doi.org/10.15381/rpb.v22i2.11357.

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Se evaluó la dieta de la lagartija de los gramadales Microlophus thoracicus icae en tres localidades del Valle del río Ica, Perú. La dieta de este saurio se caracterizó por un importante consumo de material vegetal, principalmente foliolos del árbol Prosopis spp., e invertebrados, especialmente insectos como hormigas y larvas de insectos. No se registraron relaciones significativas entre el tamaño corporal de los individuos y el número total de presas consumidos, ni el volumen total consumido. Los juveniles, hembras y machos de M. t. icae no presentaron diferencias significativas en el número de hormigas o larvas de insectos consumidos. Tampoco se registraron diferencias significativas en la proporción de material vegetal consumido por juveniles, hembras y machos. Sin embargo, el volumen de material vegetal consumido fue mayor para machos y hembras, comparado con juveniles. No se observan diferencias evidentes entre las dietas de juveniles, hembras y machos en el análisis multivariado. La amplitud del nicho trófico para M. t. icae fue de Bij = 6.97. El consumo de material vegetal e invertebrados es importante para juveniles y adultos de M. t. icae, por lo tanto, no se observa una marcada variación etaria en la dieta de los individuos evaluados. Esta especie de saurio presentaría una gran plasticidad en su dieta (omnívora) influenciada principalmente por la variación local de la oferta de los recursos alimenticios. Las posibles consecuencias del consumo de una dieta tan variada podrían incluir características particulares en sus endoparásitos, estrategias y eficiencia de forrajeo, termorregulación, morfología, entre otros.

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29

DENZER, WOLFGANG, PATRICK D. CAMPBELL, ULRICH MANTHEY, ANDREA GLÄSSER-TROBISCH, and ANDRÉ KOCH. "Dragons in neglect: Taxonomic revision of the Sulawesi sailfin lizards of the genus Hydrosaurus Kaup, 1828 (Squamata, Agamidae)." Zootaxa 4747, no. 2 (March 3, 2020): 275–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4747.2.3.

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Currently three different species are recognized within the Southeast Asian agamid genus Hydrosaurus: H. amboinensis (Schlosser, 1768) from Ambon, Seram, Sulawesi and New Guinea, H. pustulatus (Eschscholtz, 1829) from the Philippines and H. weberi Barbour, 1911 from Halmahera and adjacent islands. Historically, two additional species were described from the island of Sulawesi, but were synonymized with H. amboinensis more than a century ago and have been treated as such in most subsequent publications. In order to revise the taxonomy and diversity of these enigmatic agamid lizards, we examined the corresponding type specimens and additional material originating from Sulawesi and compared them to photographs of live specimens from field trips. Due to differences in colour pattern and scalation characters, we resurrect the taxa celebensis Peters, 1872 and microlophus Bleeker, 1860 from the synonymy of H. amboinensis, which in turn is restricted to the central Moluccas and New Guinea. Hence, Sulawesi is currently the only known island within the genus’ range to be inhabited by two different species of sailfin lizards. Our systematic investigation brings the number of recognized species within the genus Hydrosaurus to five.

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30

Pickhardt, Paul C., Maria Stepanova, and Nicholas S. Fisher. "CONTRASTING UPTAKE ROUTES AND TISSUE DISTRIBUTIONS OF INORGANIC AND METHYLMERCURY IN MOSQUITOFISH (GAMBUSIA AFFINIS) AND REDEAR SUNFISH (LEPOMIS MICROLOPHUS)." Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 25, no. 8 (2006): 2132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1897/05-595r.1.

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31

Whitney, James, Joshua Holloway, Jake Wright, Kali Boroughs, Robin Goodreau, Ashton McManis, Adam Pistorius, Deaundre Puritty, Michael Ramirez, and Rachel Styers. "Assessing the invasion history and contemporary diet of nonnative redear sunfish (Lepomis microlophus Günther, 1859) in an ecotonal riverscape." Aquatic Invasions 16, no. 3 (2021): 527–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3391/ai.2021.16.3.09.

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32

Ruiz S., Jorge, Karina Junes, and José Pérez Z. "Ámbito de Hogar de la lagartija de las lomas Microlophus tigris (Sauria: Tropiduridae) en las Lomas de Carabayllo, Lima – Perú." Revista Peruana de Biología 24, no. 4 (December 21, 2017): 357. http://dx.doi.org/10.15381/rpb.v24i4.14070.

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El ámbito de hogar o “home range”, es el área donde un individuo encuentra todos los recursos para su supervivencia, por ende su estudio es fundamental para conocer su ecología y estado de conservación. La lagartija de las Lomas, Microlophus tigris, es una especie endémica de la costa central del Perú, cuyo ámbito de hogar no ha sido estudiado. Para estudiar el uso del espacio de M. tigris se evaluó el ámbito de hogar de 14 individuos (9 machos y 6 hembras) durante la época no reproductiva en las Lomas de Carabayllo, Lima, Perú. Se empleó el método del Mínimo Polígono Convexo para estimar el área del ámbito de hogar. Los machos fueron significativamente más grandes y pesados que las hembras. No obstante, no hubo diferencias significativas entre el ámbito de hogar de los machos y hembras debido a la variabilidad del ámbito de hogar de los machos. El tamaño del ámbito de hogar de las lagartijas evaluadas no estuvo relacionado con su tamaño corporal (Longitud hocico-cloaca) ni con su peso. La ausencia de relación entre el ámbito de hogar y las variables analizadas sugiere que el tamaño del ámbito de hogar de estos reptiles, durante la época no reproductiva, respondería a otros parámetros como la abundancia de recursos, condiciones climáticas, entre otros. La baja superposición del ámbito de hogar intra e intergéneros, indicaría una evidencia indirecta de comportamiento territorial. A partir de nuestros datos y antecedentes en otras especies de saurios, consideramos que puede haber variaciones en el uso del espacio durante otras épocas del año, por lo tanto se necesitan evaluaciones complementarias a lo largo del año para observar los otros factores que determinan el tamaño del ámbito de hogar de M. tigris.

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33

Marambio-Alfaro, Yery, Jorge Valdés Saavedra, Luis Ñacari Enciso, Américo López Marras, Antonio E. Serrano, Rodrigo Martínez Peláez, Alexis Castillo Bruna, Gabriel Álvarez Ávalos, and Marcela Vidal Maldonado. "Microlophus atacamensis as a biomonitor of coastal contamination in the Atacama Desert, Chile: An evaluation through a non-lethal technique." Environmental Pollution 269 (January 2021): 115739. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115739.

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34

Wang, Han Ping, Robert S. Hayward, Gregory W. Whitledge, and Steven A. Fischer. "Prey-size Preference, Maximum Handling Size, and Consumption Rates for Redear Sunfish Lepomis microlophus Feeding on Two Gastropods Common to Aquaculture Ponds." Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 34, no. 3 (September 2003): 379–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-7345.2003.tb00075.x.

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35

Bermingham, Eldredge, and John C. Avise. "MOLECULAR ZOOGEOGRAPHY OF FRESHWATER FISHES IN THE SOUTHEASTERN UNITED STATES." Genetics 113, no. 4 (August 1, 1986): 939–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/113.4.939.

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ABSTRACT Restriction fragment length polymorphisms in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) were used to reconstruct evolutionary relationships of conspecific populations in four species of freshwater fish—Amia calva, Lepomis punctatus, L. gulosus, and L. microlophus. A suite of 14-17 endonucleases was employed to assay mtDNAs from 305 specimens collected from 14 river drainages extending from South Carolina to Louisiana. Extensive mtDNA polymorphism was observed within each assayed species. In both phenograms and Wagner parsimony networks, mtDNA clones that were closely related genetically were usually geographically contiguous. Within each species, major mtDNA phylogenetic breaks also distinguished populations from separate geographic regions, demonstrating that dispersal and gene flow have not been sufficient to override geographic influences on population subdivision.—Importantly, there were strong patterns of congruence across species in the geographic placements of the mtDNA phylogenetic breaks. Three major boundary regions were characterized by concentrations of phylogenetic discontinuities, and these zones agree well with previously described zoogeographic boundaries identified by a different kind of data base—distributional limits of species—suggesting that a common set of historical factors may account for both phenomena. Repeated episodes of eustatic sea level change along a relatively static continental morphology are the likely causes of several patterns of drainage isolation and coalescence, and these are discussed in relation to the genetic data.—Overall, results exemplify the positive role that intraspecific genetic analyses may play in historical zoogeographic reconstruction. They also point out the potential inadequacies of any interpretations of population genetic structure that fail to consider the influences of history in shaping that structure.

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Atanassova, P., C. P. Brookes, H. D. Loxdale, and W. Powell. "Electrophoretic study of five aphid parasitoid species of the genus Aphidius (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), including evidence for reproductively isolated sympatric populations and a cryptic species." Bulletin of Entomological Research 88, no. 1 (February 1998): 3–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000748530004150x.

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AbstractFour polymorphic enzymes (PEP, PGI, PGM and IDH) were separated from adult individuals of five aphid parasitoid species of the genus Aphidius Nees (A. ervi Haliday, A. microlophii Pennacchio & Tremblay, A. eadyi Starý, Gonzalez & Hall, A. picipes Nees and A. urticae Haliday) using horizontal cellulose acetate plate electrophoresis. These markers were used to investigate the genetic relationships, including reproductive isolation and host adaptation/specificity, in laboratory and field populations. Samples were collected from the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris) and/or the nettle aphid, Microlophium carnosum (Buckton) in the UK and Bulgaria between 1991 and 1994. Whilst all loci discriminated between some species, PGM discriminated all five species, one species (A. eadyi) bearing two unique alleles (PGMa and PGMc). Aphidius microlophii (from nettle aphid) and A. ervi (from pea aphid), which are difficult to separate morphologically, possessed unique PGM alleles – PGMb and PGMe, respectively. Both parasitoids occur sympatrically, and whilst hybrids heterozygous for PGM were produced in the laboratory (PGMb,e), such genotypes were not observed in the field populations sampled. Hence, the species appear to be reproductively isolated. Most parasitoid populations studied showed mean heterozygote deficiencies per locus (homozygote excess) compared with Hardy-Weinberg expectations. In particular, A. eadyi bearing PGMa alleles were always homozygous whilst additionally, many were homozygous for another allele, PGIb. This is evidence for the existence of one or more morphologically-indistinguishable ‘cryptic’ species occurring sympatrically within European field populations. A dendrogram of relatedness was produced following calculation of Nei's genetic identity coefficient, I from the parasitoid population allele frequency data. All species showed very high similarity between populations at the intraspecific level (>0.9), but fewer interspecific similarities (0.23–0.63). These values compare well with previously published values for Aphidius populations and for other insects.

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Farina, J. M., M. Sepulveda, M. V. Reyna, K. P. Wallem, and P. G. Ossa-Zazzali. "Geographical variation in the use of intertidal rocky shores by the lizard Microlophus atacamensis in relation to changes in terrestrial productivity along the Atacama Desert coast." Journal of Animal Ecology 77, no. 3 (May 2008): 458–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2656.2008.01361.x.

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38

HervÍas-Parejo, Sandra, Ruben Heleno, Beatriz Rumeu, Beatriz Guzmán, Pablo Vargas, Jens M. Olesen, Anna Traveset, Carlos Vera, Edgar Benavides, and Manuel Nogales. "Small size does not restrain frugivory and seed dispersal across the evolutionary radiation of Galápagos lava lizards." Current Zoology 65, no. 4 (August 10, 2018): 353–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cz/zoy066.

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AbstractFrugivory in lizards is often assumed to be constrained by body size; only large individuals are considered capable of consuming fruits, with the potential of acting as seed dispersers. However, only one previous study has tested the correlation of frugivory with body and head size at an archipelago scale across closely related species. All nine lava lizards (Microlophus spp.) were studied on the eleven largest Galápagos islands from 2010 to 2016 to investigate whether frugivory is related to body and head size. We also tested whether fruit abundance influences fruit consumption and explored the effect of seed ingestion on seedling emergence time and percentage. Our results showed that across islands, lava lizards varied considerably in size (64–102 mm in mean snout–vent length) and level of frugivory (1–23%, i.e., percentage of droppings with seeds). However, level of frugivory was only weakly affected by size as fruit consumption was also common among small lizards. Lava lizards consumed fruits throughout the year and factors other than fruit abundance may be more important drivers of fruit selection (e.g., fruit size, energy content of pulp). From 2,530 droppings, 1,714 seeds of at least 61 plant species were identified, 76% of the species being native to the Galápagos. Most seeds (91%) showed no external structural damage. Seedling emergence time (44 versus 118 days) and percentage (20% versus 12%) were enhanced for lizard-ingested seeds compared to control (uningested) fruits. De-pulping by lizards (i.e., removal of pulp with potential germination inhibitors) might increase the chances that at least some seeds find suitable recruitment conditions. We concluded that lizards are important seed dispersers throughout the year and across the whole archipelago, regardless of body size.

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Marambio-Alfaro, Yery, Jorge Valdés Saavedra, Luis Ñacari Enciso, Américo López Marras, Antonio E. Serrano, Rodrigo Martínez Peláez, Alexis Castillo Bruna, Gabriel Álvarez Ávalos, and Marcela Vidal Maldonado. "Data on metal accumulation in the tails of the lizard Microlophus atacamensis in a coastal zone of the Atacama Desert, northern Chile: A non-destructive biomonitoring tool for heavy metal pollution." Data in Brief 32 (October 2020): 106032. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2020.106032.

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Poulsen, Jan. "New records of Leptacanthichthys gracilispinis and Microlophichthys microlophus (Actinopterygii: Lophiiformes: Oneirodidae) from the subarctic Atlantic Ocean, including new lophiiform barcoding data and a rare observation of a copepod parasite in ceratioid anglerfishes." Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 49, no. 4 (December 15, 2019): 403–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3750/aiep/02639.

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Stekolshchikov, A. V., and S. V. Buga. "Detailed description of oviparous females and males of Tubaphis ranunculina (Homoptera: Aphididae) with comments on the species distribution." Zoosystematica Rossica 23, no. 2 (December 25, 2014): 219–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.31610/zsr/2014.23.2.219.

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Detailed descriptions of oviparous females and males of Tubaphis ranunculina (Walker, 1852) (Homoptera: Aphididae) are given. The most complete data on the distribution of this species are overviewed. Acyrthosiphon (Microlophium) ranunculi Mordvilko, 1914 is considered as a new subjective synonym of Acyrthosiphon malvae (Mosley, 1841).

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András Bozsik. "Arthropods assiciated with the stinging nettle in Hungary." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 43 (October 30, 2011): 97–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/43/2646.

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Stinging nettle (Urtica dioica Linnaeus) (Urticaceae) is a well known medicinal plant cultivated in some European countries for a long time. Because of its multiple usability (food, medicinal plant, feed, fiber), adventageous agrotechnical qualities and low demands for plant protection, its more extensiv utilization can be expected. However, during cultivation from time to time little damages can be occurred on it. The aim of this paper is to show and estimate the most important arthropods (pests and natural enemies) of stinging nettle. Under the pests characterized in the paper according to the references the peacock and the small tortoiseshell are the most important species living on stinging nettle. Their individuals from time to time propagated can cause an important damage on nettle leaves in cultivated nettle stands or assemblages. On the base of a 12 year observation period (Gödöllő, Debrecen, 1998-2010) the following species have been observed: Psylliodes attenuata, Chrysomela fastuosa, Phyllobius pomaceus, Pleuroptya ruralis, Inachis io, Aglais urticae, Microlophium evansi, Microlophium carnosum, Aphis urticata, Dasineura urticata, Tritomegas sexmaculatus. Inachis io has been the only species which during the observation period did danger the stinging nettle stand. The other pest species have not threated even timely either the stinging nettle stand or a single plant. The number and diversity of natural enemies was rather low: running crab spiders (Philodromidae), tangle-web spiders (Theridiidae), crabbing spiders (Thomisidae), lacewings (Chrysopa perla, Chrysopa formosa), coccinellids (Coccinella septempunctata, Propylea quattuordecimpunctata, Adonia variegata), hoverflies (Episyrphus balteatus), earwigs (Forficula auricularia), scorpionflies (common scorpionfly (Panorpa communis) and European paper wasp (Polistes dominula) predominated.

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Němec, V., and P. Starý. "Genetic polymorphism in Aphidius ervi Hal. (Hym., Aphidiidae), an aphid parasitoid on Microlophium carnosum (Bckt.)." Zeitschrift für Angewandte Entomologie 95, no. 1-5 (August 26, 2009): 345–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0418.1983.tb02653.x.

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Petrovic, A., Z. Tomanovic, and V. Zikic. "Wahlgreniella Ossiannilssoni Hille Ris Lambers, a new host for Aphidius microlophii Pennacchio and Tremblay (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Aphidiinae)." Archives of Biological Sciences 58, no. 4 (2006): 41P—42P. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/abs060441pp.

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Muñoz-leal, Sebastián, Santiago Nava, Daniel González-acuña, Luis A. Gomez-puerta, Marcelo B. B. Labruna, and José M. Venzal. "On the presence of Ornithodoros microlophi (Argasidae) in Peru." Systematic and Applied Acarology 24, no. 11 (November 27, 2019): 2278–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.11158/saa.24.11.17.

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Powell, W., and A. F. Wright. "The abilities of the aphid parasitoids Aphidius ervi Haliday and A. rhopalosiphi De Stefani Perez (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) to transfer between different known host species and the implications for the use of alternative hosts in pest control strategies." Bulletin of Entomological Research 78, no. 4 (December 1988): 683–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485300015546.

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AbstractA series of host-transfer trials using both laboratory-cultured and field-collected individuals of the aphid parasitoids Aphidius ervi Haliday and A. rhopalosiphi De Stefani Perez were done in order to clarify inconsistent results from several previous studies. A. ervi cultured on Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris) produced very few mummies when confined with Microlophium carnosum (Buckton), whereas those cultured on M. carnosum produced as many mummies on A. pisum as they did on their original host. Mummy production was correlated with the attack rate of adult parasitoids on potential hosts. The production of mummies on M. carnosum by parasitoids reared on A. pisum was often greatly improved if their male parent had been reared on M. carnosum, suggesting that genotype strongly influences host preference. Aphidius rhopalosiphi from laboratory cultures produced significantly more mummies on Metopolophium dirhodum (Walker) than on Sitobion avenae (F.) regardless of their original host, but this preference was not shown by parasitoids from field populations. It is concluded that inadvertent selection occurs in laboratory cultures of aphid parasitoids as a result of low founder numbers, genetic drift and genetic bottlenecks and that this can strongly influence experimental results in biology and behaviour studies, which has important implications for biological control workers.

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Němec, V., and P. Starý. "Elpho-morph differentiation in Aphidius ervi Hal. biotype on Microlophium carnosum (Bckt.) related to parasitization on Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harr.) (Hym., Aphidiidae)." Zeitschrift für Angewandte Entomologie 95, no. 1-5 (August 26, 2009): 524–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0418.1983.tb02676.x.

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Sinnett, Danielle, Tony R. Hutchings, and Mark E. Hodson. "Food-chain transfer of zinc from contaminated Urtica dioica and Acer pseudoplatanus L. to the aphids Microlophium carnosum and Drepanosiphum platanoidis Schrank." Environmental Pollution 158, no. 1 (January 2010): 267–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2009.07.008.

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Haynes, S., A. C. Darby, T. J. Daniell, G. Webster, F. J. F. van Veen, H. C. J. Godfray, J. I. Prosser, and A. E. Douglas. "Diversity of Bacteria Associated with Natural Aphid Populations." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 69, no. 12 (December 2003): 7216–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.69.12.7216-7223.2003.

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ABSTRACT The bacterial communities of aphids were investigated by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis of 16S rRNA gene fragments generated by PCR with general eubacterial primers. By both methods, theγ -proteobacterium Buchnera was detected in laboratory cultures of six parthenogenetic lines of the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum and one line of the black bean aphid Aphis fabae, and one or more of four previously described bacterial taxa were also detected in all aphid lines except one of A. pisum. These latter bacteria, collectively known as secondary symbionts or accessory bacteria, comprised three taxa of γ-proteobacteria (R-type [PASS], T-type [PABS], and U-type [PAUS]) and a rickettsia (S-type [PAR]). Complementary analysis of aphids from natural populations of four aphid species (A. pisum [n= 74], Amphorophora rubi [n= 109], Aphis sarothamni [n= 42], and Microlophium carnosum [n= 101]) from a single geographical location revealed Buchnera and up to three taxa of accessory bacteria, but no other bacterial taxa, in each aphid. The prevalence of accessory bacterial taxa varied significantly among aphid species but not with the sampling month (between June and August 2000). These results indicate that the accessory bacterial taxa are distributed across multiple aphid species, although with variable prevalence, and that laboratory culture does not generally result in a shift in the bacterial community in aphids. Both the transmission patterns of the accessory bacteria between individual aphids and their impact on aphid fitness are suggested to influence the prevalence of accessory bacterial taxa in natural aphid populations.

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Baverstock, J., M. Porcel, S. J. Clark, J. E. Copeland, and J. K. Pell. "Potential value of the fibre nettle Urtica dioica as a resource for the nettle aphid Microlophium carnosum and its insect and fungal natural enemies." BioControl 56, no. 2 (November 3, 2010): 215–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10526-010-9330-x.

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