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Academic literature on the topic 'Micronutrient'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 May 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Micronutrient"

Manger, Mari S., Kenneth H. Brown, Saskia J. M. Osendarp, Reed A. Atkin, and Christine M. McDonald. "Barriers to and Enablers of the Inclusion of Micronutrient Biomarkers in National Surveys and Surveillance Systems in Low- and Middle-Income Countries." Nutrients 14, no. 10 (May 10, 2022): 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14102009.

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Including biomarkers of micronutrient status in existing or planned national surveys or surveillance systems is a critical step in improving capacity to promote, design, monitor, and evaluate micronutrient policies and programs. We aimed to identify the barriers to and enablers of the inclusion of micronutrient biomarker assessment in national surveys and surveillance systems, to identify the main challenges faced during the survey process, and to review experiences using existing platforms for micronutrient surveys. We conducted a series of key informant interviews with in-country and external representatives from six countries where national-level data on micronutrient status were collected in the past 5 years: Cambodia, Pakistan, Malawi, Uganda, Ghana, and Uzbekistan. Micronutrients associated with specific public health programs were always prioritized for inclusion in the survey. If funding, time, and/or logistics allowed, other considered micronutrients were also included. The most important and frequently reported barrier to inclusion of a more comprehensive panel of micronutrient biomarkers was inadequate funding to cover the laboratory analysis cost for all micronutrients considered at the planning stage. Government support and commitment was stressed as the most important enabling factor by all key informants. Advocacy for funding for micronutrient status assessment is needed.

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Denton-Thompson, Sarah M., and Emma J. Sayer. "Micronutrients in Food Production: What Can We Learn from Natural Ecosystems?" Soil Systems 6, no. 1 (January 12, 2022): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/soilsystems6010008.

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Soil micronutrients limit crop productivity in many regions worldwide, and micronutrient deficiencies affect over two billion people globally. Microbial biofertilizers could combat these issues by inoculating arable soils with microorganisms that mobilize micronutrients, increasing their availability to crop plants in an environmentally sustainable and cost-effective manner. However, the widespread application of biofertilizers is limited by complex micronutrient–microbe–plant interactions, which reduce their effectiveness under field conditions. Here, we review the current state of seven micronutrients in food production. We examine the mechanisms underpinning microbial micronutrient mobilization in natural ecosystems and synthesize the state-of-knowledge to improve our overall understanding of biofertilizers in food crop production. We demonstrate that, although soil micronutrient concentrations are strongly influenced by soil conditions, land management practices can also substantially affect micronutrient availability and uptake by plants. The effectiveness of biofertilizers varies, but several lines of evidence indicate substantial benefits in co-applying biofertilizers with conventional inorganic or organic fertilizers. Studies of micronutrient cycling in natural ecosystems provide examples of microbial taxa capable of mobilizing multiple micronutrients whilst withstanding harsh environmental conditions. Research into the mechanisms of microbial nutrient mobilization in natural ecosystems could, therefore, yield effective biofertilizers to improve crop nutrition under global changes.

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Sadanandan, Bindu. "The hidden hunger and strategies for its alleviation – A review." Journal of Nutrition Research 2, no. 1 (December 15, 2014): 32–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.55289/jnutres/v2i1.4.

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Micronutrient deficiencies are aptly called as hidden hunger as they do not cause any immediate disorder symptoms but do cause serious health issues eventually. The situation of malnourishment is grim as it involves significant numbers of people especially women and children from various parts of the world. Micronutrient deficiency is usually due to the lack of a balanced diet and awareness on nutritional requirements. Another lesser known culprit is natural antinutritional factors present in plant based foods which reduce the bioavailablility of micronutrients causing deficiencies. This problem can easily be overcome by countermeasures like food fortification with micronutrients or by adopting suitable food processing methods like soaking, steeping, germination, cooking or fermentation. Biotechnology can also come handy here in the form of developing food crops with reduced antinutritional factors thereby enhancing micronutrient availability. Thus developing well researched & tailored micronutrient malnutrition management strategies & their effective implementation is a need of the hour. Key words: Micronutrients, Antinutritional factors, Hidden hunger, Malnutrition, Micronutrient malnutrition

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Sherlock, Laura G., and Nancy F. Krebs. "Small and Mighty: Micronutrients at the Intersection of Neonatal Immunity and Infection." NeoReviews 24, no. 3 (March 1, 2023): e158-e174. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/neo.24-3-e158.

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Micronutrients are essential dietary components that regulate many biologic functions, including the immune response, and are required in small amounts (typically milligrams or less) in humans. Examples of micronutrients known to affect immune function include several trace minerals (such as zinc and selenium) as well as vitamins (including vitamins A and D). Deficiencies of specific micronutrients are associated with an increased risk of infection in infants in the NICU. Identifying micronutrient supplementation strategies during this period may result in low-cost interventions to reduce the burden of neonatal infectious disease. Many replacement trials thus far demonstrate conflicting results about whether micronutrient supplementation decreases the incidence or severity of sepsis in the neonatal period. The baseline incidence of micronutrient deficiency is important to consider but is often unknown as clinical assessment of micronutrient status occurs infrequently. Future research is needed to clarify the clinical scenarios in which optimizing micronutrient status in term and preterm infants may prevent infection or improve outcomes in those patients who become infected.

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Woodside, Jayne V., Damian McCall, Claire McGartland, and Ian S. Young. "Micronutrients: dietary intake v. supplement use." Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 64, no. 4 (November 2005): 543–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/pns2005464.

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Whilst clinical deficiency of micronutrients is uncommon in the developed world, a suboptimal intake of certain micronutrients has been linked with an increased risk of chronic diseases such as CVD and cancer. Attention has therefore focused on increasing micronutrient status in order to theoretically reduce chronic disease risk. Increasing micronutrient status can involve a number of approaches: increasing dietary intake of micronutrient-rich foods; food fortification; use of supplements. Observational cohort studies have demonstrated an association between high intakes of micronutrients such as vitamin E, vitamin C, folic acid and β-carotene, and lower risk of CHD, stroke and cancer at various sites. However, randomised intervention trials of micronutrient supplements have, to date, largely failed to show an improvement in clinical end points. The discordance between data from cohort studies and the results so far available from clinical trials remains to be explained. One reason may be that the complex mixture of micronutrients found, for example, in a diet high in fruit and vegetables may be more effective than large doses of a small number of micronutrients, and therefore that intervention studies that use single micronutrient supplements are unlikely to produce a lowering of disease risk. Studies concentrating on whole foods (e.g. fruit and vegetables) or diet pattern (e.g. Mediterranean diet pattern) may be more effective in demonstrating an effect on clinical end points. The present review will consider the clinical trial evidence for a beneficial effect of micronutrient supplements on health, and review the alternative approaches to the study of dietary intake of micronutrients.

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Anselmo, Aaron C., Xian Xu, Simone Buerkli, Yingying Zeng, Wen Tang, Kevin J. McHugh, Adam M. Behrens, et al. "A heat-stable microparticle platform for oral micronutrient delivery." Science Translational Medicine 11, no. 518 (November 13, 2019): eaaw3680. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/scitranslmed.aaw3680.

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Micronutrient deficiencies affect up to 2 billion people and are the leading cause of cognitive and physical disorders in the developing world. Food fortification is effective in treating micronutrient deficiencies; however, its global implementation has been limited by technical challenges in maintaining micronutrient stability during cooking and storage. We hypothesized that polymer-based encapsulation could address this and facilitate micronutrient absorption. We identified poly(butylmethacrylate-co-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)methacrylate-co-methylmethacrylate) (1:2:1) (BMC) as a material with proven safety, offering stability in boiling water, rapid dissolution in gastric acid, and the ability to encapsulate distinct micronutrients. We encapsulated 11 micronutrients (iron; iodine; zinc; and vitamins A, B2, niacin, biotin, folic acid, B12, C, and D) and co-encapsulated up to 4 micronutrients. Encapsulation improved micronutrient stability against heat, light, moisture, and oxidation. Rodent studies confirmed rapid micronutrient release in the stomach and intestinal absorption. Bioavailability of iron from microparticles, compared to free iron, was lower in an initial human study. An organotypic human intestinal model revealed that increased iron loading and decreased polymer content would improve absorption. Using process development approaches capable of kilogram-scale synthesis, we increased iron loading more than 30-fold. Scaled batches tested in a follow-up human study exhibited up to 89% relative iron bioavailability compared to free iron. Collectively, these studies describe a broad approach for clinical translation of a heat-stable ingestible micronutrient delivery platform with the potential to improve micronutrient deficiency in the developing world. These approaches could potentially be applied toward clinical translation of other materials, such as natural polymers, for encapsulation and oral delivery of micronutrients.

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Venugopal, N. V. S., and G. N. V. Mohana Rao. "A Facile Synthesis and Characterization of new Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium (N-P-K) Fertilizer Fortified with Tri-micronutrient Matrix and its application for Optimal Plant Augmentation." Oriental Journal Of Chemistry 37, no. 6 (December 30, 2021): 1452–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/ojc/370626.

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At present in agricultural techniques engaged the optimal nutrient supply is very imperative factor for elevated crop yield and all essential plant macro and micronutrients. Micronutrients play vital role in photosynthesis. For balanced crop nutrition micronutrient support is essential. Micronutrient fertilizer required in small quantities by plants and occupy vital role in physiology of plant kingdom. Proven fact is decisive plant functions are over involved if enough micronutrients are engaged. In this paper the author developed a new N-P-K fertilizer fortified with tri -micronutrient matrix and its application for optimal Plant growth. The author developed and analyzed hundred percent water soluble active fertilizer(15-15-15) with three important micronutrients (-3.4 0.5%Zn, 0.5%Fe, 0.5% Mg). Pot experiments were conducted with and without proposed fertilizer on Solanum lycopersicum(tomato) seeds. The proposed enhanced efficiency fertilizer with tri micronutrient matrix showed better plant growth as compared to normal untreated fertilizer in low nutrient soil field.

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Rennie, Kirsten L., and M. Barbara E. Livingstone. "Associations between dietary added sugar intake and micronutrient intake: a systematic review." British Journal of Nutrition 97, no. 5 (May 2007): 832–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114507617206.

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There is increasing concern that high intakes of added sugars might compromise intakes of micronutrients. The objectives of this systematic review were (1) to determine whether dietary added sugar intake was associated with micronutrient intakes, and if so, whether there was evidence of micronutrient dilution as a result of higher dietary added sugar intake and (2) if micronutrient dilution was present, to determine whether there was sufficiently robust evidence to support a threshold effect above which there was a significant decline in micronutrient intake or status relative to the recommended intakes. A systematic computerised literature search was undertaken, limited to studies written in English published from 1980 onwards and further studies identified through hand searching papers. Fifteen studies that assessed associations between intakes of added sugars or non-milk extrinsic sugars and micronutrients were included. Overall, there are insufficient data and inconsistency between studies in relationships between added sugars and micronutrient intakes, with no clear evidence of micronutrient dilution or a threshold for a quantitative amount of added sugar intake for any of the micronutrients investigated. The current evidence base is considerably constrained by methodological issues. Further research is required to determine which food products high in added sugars might adversely affect micronutrient intakes by displacing other food items from the diet. Analyses should take into account the magnitude of any observed associations to determine their true biological significance.

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Tizazu, Yirga Bereka. "Fortification of Food with Micronutrients for Meeting Dietary Requirements: A Review." Food Science & Nutrition Technology 5, no. 4 (July 24, 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/fsnt-16000225.

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Hidden hanger is a manifestation of malnutrition which diminishes the health of the people all over the world, its effect is worse when it comes to the developing countries. More than two hundred million people worldwide are suffering from micronutrient deficiency. The risks of micronutrient deficiency are high in vulnerable groups of people such as infants, children, adolescents, and pregnant women. Maternal mortality, growth retardation, cognitive impairment, impaired work capacity, goiter and blindness are among the many risks which occur in the population as a result of micronutrients deficiencies in the human body. Among micronutrients vitamin A, iodine and iron are the most nutritionally important nutrients in terms of public health problems and known to affect one third of the world population specifically in developing countries. To alleviate the problem of micronutrient deficiency, adequate consumption of micronutrients in the daily diet is a perquisite. However, meeting the dietary requirements of the human body to mitigate the accompanying micronutrient deficiency in a regular diet is not possible mainly in poor populations due economic deprivation and other many factors. Thus, several strategies including supplementation of food, dietary diversification, nutrition education, public health and food safety measurement and food fortification have been designed to reduce the problem of micronutrient deficiency and improve the nutritional status of the population. Among the strategies, food fortification is found to be very effective to eliminate micronutrient deficiency from the population without noticeably changing the people’s eating style and culture. Accordingly very essential micronutrients such as iodine, iron, zinc, and vitamin A are fortified with different food products mainly staple foods to address the micronutrient deficiency problems in the most vulnerable people groups around the world. Thus, this review concluded that micronutrient fortification of food is indispensable option to meet the dietary requirements and reduce associated health risks of micronutrient deficiencies in most vulnerable groups of the population around the globe without causing significant effect on the people’s economy and eating culture.

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Semba, R. D., and A. M. Tang. "Micronutrients and the pathogenesis of human immunodeficiency virus infection." British Journal of Nutrition 81, no. 3 (March 1999): 181–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114599000379.

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Micronutrient deficiencies may be common during human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Insufficient dietary intake, malabsorption, diarrhoea, and impaired storage and altered metabolism of micronutrients can contribute to the development of micronutrient deficiencies. Low plasma or serum levels of vitamins A, E, B6, B12 and C, carotenoids, Se, and Zn are common in many HIV-infected populations. Micronutrient deficiencies may contribute to the pathogenesis of HIV infection through increased oxidative stress and compromised immunity. Low levels or intakes of micronutrients such as vitamins A, E, B6 and B12, Zn and Se have been associated with adverse clinical outcomes during HIV infection, and new studies are emerging which suggest that micronutrient supplementation may help reduce morbidity and mortality during HIV infection.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Micronutrient"

Alissa, Eman Mokbel. "Micronutrient status and atherosclerosis." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.419967.

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Moore, Lucy. "Identification of plant micronutrient transporters." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.410687.

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Knowles, Tim C., Paul Artz, and Chip Sherrill. "Preplant Micronutrient Fertilizers for Cotton." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/197269.

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Micronutrient fertilizers including zinc, boron, copper, and manganese in their sulfate forms were broadcast applied and incorporated preplant to determine their effects on lint yield of upland cotton.

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Brown, Kerry A. "The process of setting micronutrient recommendations." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2017. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/813495/.

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Micronutrient recommendations are derived using a risk analysis paradigm. This commonly involves a process of three, separate yet interconnected, risk activities to assess, communicate and manage risk. Research has suggested a lack of transparency in the application of risk analysis activities during the process of setting micronutrient recommendations. The aim of this thesis was to identify the practical challenges of communicating risk internally - between experts and/or stakeholders - and understand the implications of these challenges for achieving a transparent micronutrient risk analysis process. A series of three international qualitative studies were conducted which employed narrative literature, interview and case study methods. Research was primarily related to the process of setting folate and vitamin D dietary reference values (DRV) or regarding the implementation of DRV via food-based dietary guidelines (FBDG). Results identified challenges to the communication of risk across all three risk activities (risk assessment, risk communication and risk management). These challenges included clarifying the terms of reference between risk assessors and risk managers during the DRV problem formulation stage; equivocal lay involvement and ambiguous handling of uncertain (unknown, indefinite, unreliable) evidence during DRV risk assessment; inconclusive evidence of successful risk communication (FBDG); and ubiquitous inconsistency of DRV/FBDG terminology throughout risk analysis. Findings suggested specific areas where effective (valid and credible) internal communication of risk is required between risk experts and/or stakeholders involved in the risk analysis process. This is distinct from, and in addition to, traditional risk communication activities conducted with the general public/stakeholders outside the risk analysis process. Overcoming the challenge of communicating risk is a prerequisite for achieving a transparent micronutrient risk analysis, and can aid future debates on the pre-eminent micronutrient recommendation setting process.

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Sanchez, Charles A., and Glenn Wright. "Response of Lemon to Micronutrient Fertilization." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/197971.

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A study was initiated in the spring of 2003 to evaluate the response of lemons to soil and foliar applied micronutrients for two growing season (2003-2005). Soil applied Fe, Zn, Mn, and Cu was applied in sulfate form and B as Solubor in shallow holes around the skirt of each tree. Foliar applied micronutrients were all applied as “Metalosate” products. Lemon leaf tissue analyses show marginal levels of Zn, Mn, and Cu throughout the study. In 2003-2004, soil fertilization sometimes increased leaf nutrient composition but there was no effect to foliar fertilization. In 2004-2005, ,leaf B and Zn increased to soil fertilization and leaf Mn and Cu increased to foliar fertilization Overall, there were no significant differences in yield or quality to micronutrient fertilization in either growing season.

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Cruz-Espaillat, Grisseel A. "A Cross-Sectional Study: Dietary Micronutrient Levels in Allied Health and Nursing Students." ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/350.

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The adequate intake of micronutrients is important to maintain optimal health and prevent nutritional disorders and chronic disease. Studies have shown that medical students often reduce self-care behaviors and lack adequate dietary intake, leading to nutritional deficiencies. In this quantitative cross-sectional study, measurements of micronutrient levels in a sample of allied health and nursing students were compared to Recommended Daily Allowance (RDA) values. NutritionQuest Data-on-Demand System was used to analyze nutrients and food group intake. The postpositivist paradigm was used to examine how the independent and dependent variables relate to each other. Using a one-sample t test, a comparison of average micronutrient intake among study participants with RDA values for those micronutrients showed that average micronutrient intake in the study population was higher than recommended values. Two sample t-test results showed no significant difference in average intake of micronutrients among participants with high and low income levels, or with high and low stress levels. As the normality assumption was not satisfied by the outcome variables, nonparametric tests were used to evaluate hypotheses. While this finding does not support the original hypothesis, it could have implications for the role of allied health and nursing practitioners in the care of both their patients and members of their medical team. Conversely, an assumption of this study was that a high level of similarity between the traditional medical student population and the allied health and nursing population in terms of nutritional habits may have led to a flaw in the overall research hypothesis. The detection of micronutrient deficiencies in students can bring awareness to improve nutritional intake and initiate a change in how public health officials advocate healthy and balanced diets.

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Hofstee, Pierre D. "The Effects of Micronutrient Dysregulation on Reproduction." Thesis, Griffith University, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/394321.

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Pregnancy is a physiologically demanding process, vulnerable to several modifiable lifestyle factors including diet. Malnutrition, or a dietary imbalance, can have severe implications on maternal physiology, as well as placental and fetal development. Several aberrant pregnancy outcomes have been linked with an abnormal diet disturbing maternal metabolism, hormone status and placental function. Dietary changes also disrupt the intrauterine environment for the developing fetus, altering growth and predisposing offspring to development of diseases later in life. Abnormal pregnancy outcomes are dependent on the specific timing and type of dietary insult. A major micronutrient deficiency present in multiple human populations is selenium. Deficiencies in micronutrients, such as selenium, have been linked to numerous pregnancy complications; however, the specific ramifications of a selenium deficient diet on pregnancy outcomes and fetal development is relatively unknown. Selenium is incorporated into selenoproteins involved in numerous biological and cellular processes including antioxidant function, thyroid hormone metabolism, endoplasmic reticulum stress and skeletal muscle development. Given selenium is associated with undesirable pregnancy outcomes, the primary aim of this thesis was to investigate the effects of selenium deficiency on pregnancy physiology, placental function, fetal development and offspring outcomes. Chapter 3 explored the effects of a maternal selenium deficit on gestational physiology, placental development and function, as well as fetal development. Although selenium deficiency is common, the specific ramifications of a selenium deficit on pregnancy is poorly understood. Female C57BL/6 mice were randomly allocated to either a control (>190 μg kg-1) or selenium deficient diet (<50 μg kg-1); mice were subjected to their respective diets four weeks prior to mating and throughout gestation. Data illustrated that an isolated maternal selenium deficit reduced maternal weight gain during gestation and fetal growth. Furthermore, thyroid hormone levels were increased in both maternal and fetal plasma, concomitant to a reduction in iodothyronine deiodinase expression within the placenta. Fetal blood glucose levels were also reduced, which was associated with an increase in placental glycogen content and an increase in placental GLUT3 expression. Although there were no changes to placental development, gene expression of several nutrient transporters, selenoproteins and antioxidant response genes were altered. These pregnancy outcomes likely preceded programmed disease outcomes in later life, which prompted further study in offspring models. The effect of exposure to selenium deficiency in utero during fetal development was explored in Chapters 4 and 5. The offspring model in Chapter 4 indicated that exposure to a selenium deficit during development may induce peripheral insulin resistance in offspring in a sex specific manner. Both male and female offspring exhibited glucose intolerance and altered thyroid hormone levels. Furthermore, Chapter 5 showed that voluntary exercise was reduced by selenium deficiency and subsequently the programmed glucose intolerance was not alleviated. These studies both reiterated the importance of adequate selenium intake during pregnancy for offspring metabolic health. Chapter 6 characterised the expression of fourteen key selenoproteins in maternal, fetal and offspring tissues, and how this was impacted by perinatal and antenatal selenium deficiency. The gene expression of these selenoproteins was determined in the liver, kidneys and heart of all animals, as well as the placenta. A selenium deficit caused a reduction in several selenoproteins in all maternal tissues investigated, as well as the placenta. Intriguingly, expression of several selenoproteins within the liver, kidneys and heart of male and female fetuses was significantly increased. As offspring were placed on normal selenium diets after weaning, only slight changes in selenoprotein expression were observed in offspring; however, a sexually dimorphic relationship in selenoprotein expression was evident. This was the first study to demonstrate that transcriptional regulation of selenoproteins is complex and multifaceted, with expression exhibiting tissue-, age- and sex-specificities. This study also emphasized the importance of dietary selenium in maintaining the selenotranscriptome, and that deficiency of selenium during pregnancy has genomic programming potential. Finally, Chapter 7 explored the relationship between different serum selenium levels during pregnancy and thyroid function. This study indicated that the selenium status of pregnant women in South East Queensland may not be satisfactory. Additionally, this clinical study associated reduced serum selenium during pregnancy with reduced free triiodothyronine (fT3) levels, increased thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb), increased free thyroxine/thyroid stimulating hormone (fT4/TSH) ratio and an increased incidence in pregnancy complications, most notably GDM. Overall, this doctoral thesis has identified thyroid and metabolic specific outcomes following maternal exposure to a selenium deficit during pregnancy, which may contribute to pregnancy complications and programming of metabolic disease. These results highlight that dysregulation of individual micronutrients, such as selenium, can have significant long-lasting ramifications on reproductive outcomes. Therefore, atypical levels of micronutrients in pregnant women should be considered as a significant risk.
Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Medical Science
Griffith Health
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Glosz, Cambria M. "Assessment of micronutrient status in pregnant Malawian women before and after treatment for moderate malnutrition." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2016. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1641.

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Background: Multiple micronutrient deficiencies are prevalent in pregnant women in developing countries and can result in adverse effects to both the mother and infant. Multiple micronutrient supplements or supplementary foods may be a way to combat micronutrient deficiencies. Objective: To assess change in micronutrient and protein levels in moderately malnourished pregnant Malawian women after receiving one of three nutritional interventions. Methods: Serum retinol, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, ferritin, vitamin B12, folate, zinc, albumin and C-reactive protein concentrations were measured in pregnant women with MUAC >20.6 cm and Results: Baseline micronutrient concentrations indicated high rates of deficiency in zinc (29-39%) and albumin (37-46%), and marginal status of retinol (26-37%) and vitamin D (31-32%). Adjusted mean changes in vitamin B12 concentrations from week 0 to week 10 were -17.1, -36.1, and -52.9 pg/mL for RUSF, CSB-UNIMMAP, and CSB-IFA, respectively (p=0.007). Adjusted mean changes in vitamin D concentrations from week 0 to week 10 were 6.1, 3.1, and 1.7 ng/mL for RUSF, CSB-UNIMMAP, and CSB-IFA, respectively (p=0.007). Adjusted mean changes in folate concentrations from week 0 to week 10 were 2.2, 1.7, and 4.0 ng/mL for RUSF, CSB-UNIMMAP, and CSB-IFA, respectively (p=0.37 for effect of treatment; p=0.06 for the interaction effect of time*treatment). Changes in ferritin, zinc, albumin, retinol, and CRP were not significantly different between treatment groups. Conclusions: Deficiencies in zinc and albumin, and marginal status of vitamin D and retinol, are common among this population of moderately malnourished pregnant Malawian women. Significant changes in vitamin D and vitamin B12were observed from week 0 to week 10, with the RUSF group having the greatest improvements compared to the CSB-UNIMMAP and CSB-IFA treatments.

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Silva, Raimundo Thiago Lima da. "Cultivo de girassol no município de Capitão Poço - PA: plastocrono, lâminas de água e adubação borácica." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2015. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/19332.

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SILVA, Raimundo Thiago Lima da. Cultivo de girassol no município de Capitão Poço - PA: plastocrono, lâminas de água e adubação borácica. 2015. 83 f. Tese (Doutorado em agronomia)- Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza-CE, 2015.
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The obtainment of information through the research has been decisive to provide technological support to sunflowers culture development, granting better productivities and economical incomes. Among the various technologies developed to sunflowers production, the adequate choice of cultivars constitutes one of the main components in the system of culture production. Considering the existence of the interaction genotypes x environment, researches are required, aiming to determine the agronomic behavior of genotypes and their adaptation to different environment conditions. Based on these principles, there were developed four experiments in Capitão Poço City, in Pará State, in Brazil, with two sunflower cultivars, Embrapa – 122 and Catissol. On experiment I, sunflower cultivars’ plastochron was determined, sowed in two seasons in the year. On experiment II, the effect of different water slides over the productive behavior of sunflower cultivars was evaluated, which were cultivated in protected behavior, aiming to define criteria to irrigation handling. On experiment III, there were evaluated seven doses of boron (10 mg, 20 mg, 30 mg, 40 mg, 50 mg, 60 mg, 70 mg plant-1) and a witness, on the growing characteristics and on sunflower plants production. And on Experiment IV, the objective was to verify the relative content of water, the concentrations of total soluble amino acids, of total soluble proteins, of free ammoniums, deprolina and the activity of nitrate reductase, in sunflower leaves, in function of two cultivars and of different water slides. Through the obtained results, it was concluded that: the sowing seasons, the sub periods of vegetative development and the cultivars, possess different rights over the plastochron in sunflowers, with variations of 14,6 to 8787,0 °C day knot-1; the cultivar Catissol obtained values of mass of dried matter from the aerial part, mass of dried matter from the flower and the flower diameter responded in a linear way to the water slides. The variables, production, mass of 100 achenes and the number of leaves, were optimized by small doses of boron; and, finally, the applied water slides influenced on the concentrations of amino acids, protein, proline, relative content of water and on the activity of nitrate reductase, on sunflower leaves, as the genetic material in studies, presented different results, to these variables, excepting for the activity of nitrate reductase. Therefore, it was realized that sunflowers make mechanisms of osmotic adjustment in leaves, to tolerate various situations of humidity of water in the soil.
A obtenção de informações por meio da pesquisa tem sido decisiva para dar suporte tecnológico ao desenvolvimento da cultura do girassol, garantindo maiores produtividades e retornos econômicos. Entre as várias tecnologias desenvolvidas para a produção de girassol, a escolha adequada de cultivares constitui um dos principais componentes do sistema de produção da cultura. Diante da existência de interação genótipos x ambientes, são necessárias pesquisas, a fim de determinar o comportamento agronômico dos genótipos e sua adaptação às diferentes condições locais. Partindo desse principio, foram desenvolvidos quatro experimentos no município de Capitão Poço, PA, com duas cultivares de girassol, a Embrapa - 122 e Catissol. No experimento I, determinou-se o plastocrono das cultivares de girassol, semeadas em duas épocas do ano. No experimento II, avaliou-se o efeito de diferentes lâminas de água sobre o comportamento produtivo das cultivares de girassol, cultivadas em ambiente protegido, visando definir critérios para o manejo da irrigação. No experimento III, avaliaram-se sete doses de boro (10 mg, 20 mg, 30 mg, 40 mg, 50 mg, 60 mg e 70 mg planta-1) e uma testemunha, nas características de crescimento e produção de plantas de girassol. E no Experimento IV, o objetivo foi verificar o conteúdo relativo de água, as concentrações, de aminoácidos solúveis totais, de proteínas solúveis totais, de amônio livre, de prolina e a atividade da redutase do nitrato, em folhas de girassol, em função de duas cultivares e de diferentes lâminas de água. A partir dos resultados obtidos, concluiu-se que: as épocas de semeadura, os subperíodos de desenvolvimento vegetativo e as cultivares, possuem efeito direto sobre o plastocrono em girassol, com variações de 14,6 a 87,0 °C dia nó-1; a cultivar Catissol obteve valores de massa de matéria seca da parte aérea, massa de matéria seca do capítulo e o diâmetro do capítulo superior a Embrapa – 122; para o efeito das lâminas de água, a massa de 100 aquênios, a produção por planta, a massa de matéria seca da parte aérea, a massa de matéria seca do capítulo e o diâmetro do capítulo responderam de modo linear as lâminas de água. As variáveis, produção, massa de 100 aquênios e número de folha, foram otimizadas por pequenas doses de boro; e por fim, as lâminas de água aplicadas influenciaram nas concentrações de aminoácidos, de proteína, de prolina, do conteúdo relativo de água e na atividade da redutase do nitrato, nas folhas de girassol, assim como o material genético em estudo, apresentou resultados diferenciados, para essas variáveis, com exceção da atividade da redutase do nitrato. Portanto, percebeu-se que o girassol desempenha mecanismos de ajustamento osmótico nas folhas, para tolerar diversas situações de umidade de água no solo.

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Varanda, Marco Antonio Ferreira. "Influência do boro via aplicação foliar em soja na várzea irrigada no Tocantins." Universidade Federal do Tocantins, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11612/588.

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A cultura da soja (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) é uma das principais “commodities” do agronegócio mundial. O Brasil tem se configurado neste cenário como um dos maiores produtores desta oleaginosa, destacando-se com obtenções de produtividades elevadas. A várzea irrigada é uma área de extrema importância econômica e social para o estado do Tocantins, gerando renda e empregos durante todo o ano. A fertilização foliar é utilizada com a finalidade de suplementar os níveis de nutrientes na planta, para que a mesma consiga realizar normalmente todos os seus processos metabólicos. O boro é um elemento essencial em todas as fases do ciclo da cultura da soja, participando de vários processos fisiológicos. Objetivou-se com este trabalho verificar a influência da adubação boratada foliar, aplicado em três estádios fenológicos da cultura da soja no período reprodutivo, com crescentes doses de fontes de boro, sobre os componentes de rendimento, produtividade e germinação das sementes de soja. O trabalho foi conduzido em condições de várzea irrigada, no município de Formoso do Araguaia - TO, na entressafra do ano agrícola de 2016. O delineamento experimental adotado foi o de blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial triplo 2x3x5 (produtos x épocas x doses) com quatro repetições. As características avaliadas foram: número de vagens por planta (NVP), número de sementes por planta (NSP), massa de cem sementes (MCS), produtividade (PROD), porcentagem de germinação (G%) e índice de velocidade de emergência (IVE). Verificou-se que os tratamentos em que houve aplicação da fonte de boro, composto por ácido bórico e octaborato, obtiveram as melhores respostas para todas as características avaliadas. Nas condições edafoclimáticas de entressafra na várzea irrigada, aplicações de B em R2 e R4 obtiveram a melhor resposta. Maiores médias foram obtidas com a aplicação de 1,5 a 2 kg.ha-1 de boro.
Soybean cultivation (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) is one of the main commodities of world agribusiness. Brazil has been configured in this scenario as one of the largest producers of this oilseed, standing out with high yields. The irrigated várzea is an area of extreme economic and social importance for the southern state of Tocantins, generating income and jobs throughout the year. Foliar fertilization is used to supplement or complement nutrient levels in the plant, so that it can perform all its metabolic processes normally. Boron is an essential element in all phases of the soybean cycle, participating in several physiological processes. The objective of this work was to verify the influence of foliar fertilization, applied at three stages of soybean cultivation in the reproductive period, with increasing doses of boron sources, about the components of yield, yield and germination of soybean seeds. The work was carried out under lowland conditions, in the municipality of Formoso do Araguaia - TO, between the harvest of the agricultural year of 2016. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design in 2x3x5 triple factorial (products x seasons x doses) with four replications. The characteristics evaluated were: number of pods per plant (NVP), number of seeds per plant (NSP), mass hundred seeds (MCS), productivity (PROD), Percentage of germination (G%) and emergence speed index (EVI). It was verified that the treatments in which there was application of the source of boron, composed of boric acid and octaborate, obtained the best answers for all characteristics evaluated. In the soil and climatic conditions of irrigated lowland harvest, applications of B in R2 and R4 obtained the best response. Higher averages were obtained with the application of 1,5 to 2 kg. ha-1 of boron.

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Books on the topic "Micronutrient"

T, Kothari Monica, and Macro International MEASURE/DHS+ (Programme), eds. Micronutrient update. Calverton, MD: Macro International, 2007.

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Osborne, Virginia. Parenteral micronutrient therapy. Portland, Or: WriterService Publications, 2004.

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National Nutrition Monitoring Bureau (India). Prevalence of micronutrient deficiencies. Hyderabad: National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, 2003.

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1954-, Hemantaranjan A., ed. Advancements in micronutrient research. Jodhpur, India: Scientific Publishers, 1996.

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Institute of Food Science and Technology of the United Kingdom., ed. Addition of micronutrients to food: The science and control of food micronutrient enhancement. London: Institute of Food Science and Technology (UK), 1997.

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Khan, Shams Tabrez,, and Abdul Malik, eds. Microbial Biofertilizers and Micronutrient Availability. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-76609-2.

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National micronutrient survey 2011-12. Dhaka: Institute of Public Health Nutrition, Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh, 2014.

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Toteja, Gurudayal S. Micronutrient profile of Indian population. [New Delhi: Indian Council of Medical Research], 2004.

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Thompson, B., and L. Amoroso, eds. Combating micronutrient deficiencies: food-based approaches. Wallingford: CABI, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781845937140.0000.

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Alloway, Brian J., ed. Micronutrient Deficiencies in Global Crop Production. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6860-7.

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Book chapters on the topic "Micronutrient"

Langridge, Peter. "Micronutrient Toxicity and Deficiency." In Wheat Improvement, 433–49. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-90673-3_24.

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AbstractMicronutrients are essential for plant growth although required in only very small amounts. There are eight micronutrients needed for healthy growth of wheat: chlorine, iron, boron, manganese, zinc, copper, nickel and molybdenum. Several factors will influence the availability of micronutrients, including levels in the soil, and mobility or availability. Zinc deficiency is the most significant problem globally followed by boron, molybdenum, copper, manganese and iron. Deficiency is usually addressed through application of nutrients to seeds, or through foliar spays when symptoms develop. There is considerable genetic variation in the efficiency of micronutrient uptake in wheat, but this is not a major selection target for breeding programs given the agronomic solutions. However, for some micronutrients, the concentrations in the soil can be very high and result in toxicity. Of the micronutrients, the narrowest range between deficiency and toxicity is for boron and toxicity is a significant problem in some regions. Although not a micronutrient, aluminium toxicity is also a major factor limiting yield in many areas, usually associated with a low soil pH. Agronomic solutions for boron and aluminium toxicity are difficult and expensive. Consequently, genetic approaches have dominated the strategies for addressing toxicity and good sources of tolerance are available.

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Ramakrishna, Jyoti, and Jay Thiagarajah. "Micronutrient Deficiencies." In The MassGeneral Hospital for Children Handbook of Pediatric Global Health, 337–46. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7918-5_23.

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Bloem, Martin W., and Ian Darnton-Hill. "Micronutrient Deficiencies." In Primary and Secondary Preventive Nutrition, 357–73. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-039-1_20.

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Oette, Mark, Marvin J. Stone, Hendrik P. N. Scholl, Peter Charbel Issa, Monika Fleckenstein, Steffen Schmitz-Valckenberg, Frank G. Holz, et al. "Micronutrient Deficiencies." In Encyclopedia of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease, 1309. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-29676-8_6173.

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Ramakrishnan, Usha, and Sandra L. Huffman. "Multiple Micronutrient Malnutrition." In Nutrition and Health in Developing Countries, 531–76. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-464-3_18.

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Sims, J. T., and G. V. Johnson. "Micronutrient Soil Tests." In Micronutrients in Agriculture, 427–76. Madison, WI, USA: Soil Science Society of America, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/sssabookser4.2ed.c12.

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Mortvedt, John J. "Micronutrient Fertilizer Technology." In Micronutrients in Agriculture, 523–48. Madison, WI, USA: Soil Science Society of America, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/sssabookser4.2ed.c14.

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Yuvaraj, M., and K. S. Subramanian. "Nano Zinc Micronutrient." In Nanoscale Engineering in Agricultural Management, 151–63. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, 2019.: CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315123950-9.

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Al-Jawaldeh, Ayoub, and Alexa Meyer. "2.3 Micronutrient Deficiencies." In Reshaping Food Systems to improve Nutrition and Health in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, 53–62. Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.11647/obp.0322.07.

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Dash, Swati, and Anil Shukla. "Nano Micronutrient Fertilizers." In Encyclopedia of Green Materials, 1–8. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-4921-9_248-1.

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Conference papers on the topic "Micronutrient"

Juliastuti, Sri Rachmania, Farah Salsabila, Fairuza Fasya Rahadisty, Lailatul Qadariyah, and Siti Nurkhamidah. "Production of Cu-EDTA, Zn-EDTA, CuZn-EDTA as a Micronutrient Fertilizer and its Application to Lettuce." In 4th International Seminar on Fundamental and Application of Chemical Engineering. Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-opjm7m.

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Plants need two types of nutrients, which are macronutrients and micronutrients. Micronutrient needed by plants in small concentration (≤ 100 ppm) i.e. Cu and Zn. This study aims to determine the best composition ratio of Cu:EDTA, Zn:EDTA, and Cu:Zn:EDTA for making the micronutrients, determine the effect of Cu and Zn on lettuce (Lactuca sativa L), and determine the most effective type of micronutrient fertilizer and its concentration for lettuce growth. It was started by dissolving materials with 200 ml distilled water, then stirred and heated at 70-80°C for two hours. After that, the solution was precipitated for two days at room temperature. Methanol was added only before precipitating CuZn-EDTA. The precipitate or micronutrient crystals of Cu-EDTA, Zn-EDTA, and CuZn-EDTA were then filtered and dried in a desiccator for three days. Each of micronutrient crystal was dissolved into 25 ml water then the lettuce will be sprayed with micronutrient solution for two and three sprays once a week. Observations related to the quantity of leaves, plant length, and leaf width were carried out for 25 days and then plant harvested and weighed. The result shows that the best compotition ratio for making micronutrients were Cu:EDTA (1:1.85)w/w; Zn:EDTA (1:3.43)w/w; and Cu:Zn:EDTA (1:1.6:3.85)w/w/w. Concentration of micronutrient solution applied were 5000 and 1000 ppm. Respectively for each concentration, micronutrient CuZn-EDTA affected the leaves quantity growth with the slope of 0.0655 and 0.0642; and yields (g/cm2) with the slope of 0.495 and 0.46. Zn-EDTA had an effect on plant length growth with a slope of 0.1525 and 0.091; and leaf width growth with a slope of 0.0216 and 0.0111. Cu and Zn contained in lettuce leaves then analyzed and was known for Cu-EDTA, Cu and Zn contained (mg/kg) respectively were 37.78 and 50.68; for Zn-EDTA were 32.8 and 61.25; for CuZn-EDTA were 33.23 and 48.16 (mg/kg). The metal content analyzed in lettuce leaves is not suitable for consumption because it exceeds the maximum limit written on the Decree of the Directorate General of POM No 03725/B/SK/VII/89. Application of fertilizer should be more diluted to less than the maximum limit.

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Barczyk, Katarzyna, and Marzena S. Brodowska. "Micronutrient chelates used in foliar fertilizers." In 2nd International PhD Student’s Conference at the University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Poland: ENVIRONMENT – PLANT – ANIMAL – PRODUCT. Publishing House of The University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.24326/icdsupl2.p002.

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Ruiz Diaz, Dorivar. "Micronutrient fertilization for corn and soybean." In Proceedings of the 24th Annual Integrated Crop Management Conference. Iowa State University, Digital Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/icm-180809-187.

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Makau, Wambui Kogi, and Sophia Ngala. "Dietary Diversity and Micronutrient Adequacy Among Women of Reproductive Age in Kericho County." In 3rd International Nutrition and Dietetics Scientific Conference. KENYA NUTRITIONISTS AND DIETICIANS INSTITUTE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.57039/jnd-conf-abt-2023-m.i.y.c.n.h.p-30.

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Women of reproductive age (WRA) are mostly vulnerable to low dietary diversity and micronutrient malnutrition due to their reproductive role. There is, however, limited data on the current situation in Kericho County. This study was aimed at determining the dietary diversity and micronutrient adequacy among women of reproductive age from kitchen gardening households in Kericho County. A cross-sectional study involving 193 WRA (15-49 years) was conducted in September and October, 2018, in Kericho County. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data on sociodemographic and socioeconomic characteristics, and kitchen gardening. Minimum Dietary Diversity-Women (MDD-W), 24-hour dietary recall and Food Frequency Questionnaires were used on dietary intake and diversity data. All the respondents consumed starchy staples with a high proportion consuming dairy (99.5%) and dark green leafy vegetables (92.2%) whereas nuts and seeds were the least consumed (6.7%). The mean Dietary diversity score (DDS) was 5.3±1.4 with 72% of women consuming at least five groups out of ten recommended by food and agriculture organization (FAO) and FHI 360. Kitchen gardens’ size and number of crops grown had a positive significant contribution to dietary diversity (p=0.000).The mean adequacy ratio (MAR) for Vitamin A, iron and zinc was obtained as 89.9% with Vitamin A nutrient adequacy ratio (NAR) being the lowest (46.35%). A positive association was obtained between NAR for Vitamin A(r=0.499), iron (r=0.528) and zinc (r=0.569), and dietary diversity scores. A more diversified diet increased the chances of micronutrient adequacy. Slightly less than three quarters of women were micronutrient adequate due to attainment of recommended food groups. Hence, majority of WRA in Kericho County meet the recommended dietary diversity and micronutrient adequacy except for Vitamin A. There’s need to encourage households to dedicate larger share of their lands to kitchen gardening and have a diversity in their gardens and diet. Keywords: Minimum Dietary Diversity-Women, Nutrient Adequacy Ratio, Mean Adequacy Ratio, Micronutrient Adequacy.

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Tauman, David, Philip Ho, Naakesh Gomanie, William Yaeger, Muzammil Jawed, and Khanjan Mehta. "Micronutrient-Fortified Drinks: Commercial Products and Compelling opportunities." In 2022 IEEE Global Humanitarian Technology Conference (GHTC). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ghtc55712.2022.9910608.

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U Roopa, Nirmala Yenagi, and Vijaya G.S. Raghavan. "Micronutrient Contents of Durum (Triticum dicoccum) and Dicoccum (Triticum durum) Wheat Varieties and Development of Micronutrient Dense Composite Flour Mix." In 2004, Ottawa, Canada August 1 - 4, 2004. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.16946.

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Bugaev, P. D., S. E. A. Abdelhamid, V. N. Melnikov, and I. A. Kameneva. "Seeding material quality and yield of spring barley with the joint use of fertilizers and growth regulators." In Растениеводство и луговодство. Тимирязевская сельскохозяйственная академия, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/978-5-9675-1762-4-2020-177.

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The effectiveness of the use of a tank mixture of siliplant micronutrient fertilizer with an insecticidal dressing agent Cruiser KS and siliplant microfertilizers with growth regulators, micro- and organomineral fertilizers has been revealed. It was found that when the seeds were treated with a tank mixture with an insecticidal dressing agent Kruiser, KS (0.5 l / t) with Siliplant micronutrient fertilizer (60 ml / t), the germination energy of barley seeds increased by 2.2%, laboratory germination - by 4.0%, and the strength of growth - by 4.0% compared with the dressing agent Kruiser, KS, and when processing plants in the phase of 3 leaves with siliplant with epin extra, the greatest increase in the yield of barley grain of the Mikhailovsky variety was obtained - 3.5-4.1 c / ha. The use of siliplant with micronutrient fertilizer cytovit turned out to be effective, where the yield increase was 3.1-3.7 c / ha, siliplant with zircon - a yield increase of 3.3-3.6 c / ha, and siliplant with organic mineral fertilizer ecofus, where the yield increase amounted to 2.4-3.4 c / ha.

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Murukesan, Madhan Mohan, Ilakkiya Nandakumar, Gowthami Murali, and Anish Ahmad Sirajdeen. "Determination of growth disorders through micronutrient deficiency surveillance capitalized." In ADVANCES IN INTELLIGENT APPLICATIONS AND INNOVATIVE APPROACH. AIP Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0126140.

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Lychagina, S. V., and V. V. Zakharova. "THE EFFECT OF MICRONUTRIENTS ON POTATO TUBERS COLONIZED BY NEMATODES DITYLENCHUS DESTRUCTOR IN ARTIFICIAL INFECTION." In THEORY AND PRACTICE OF PARASITIC DISEASE CONTROL. VNIIP – FSC VIEV, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.31016/978-5-6050437-8-2.2024.25.246-250.

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Potatoes in our country are a vegetable crop of strategic importance. The merit of this vegetable is in its multifaceted use. But there are no potato varieties resistant to the potato tuber nematode yet. The potential is in biological and biochemical characteristics of varieties in addition to various mineral nutrition. The experiment studied the effect of various micronutrients on increasing the resistance of Gala potato plants to phytoparasitic nematodes Ditylenchus destructor during artificial infection of the apical tuber segments. Standard micronutrient chelated solutions (B10,1%K2 O44%; Ca10%; Cu15%; Fe11%; Mn13%; Zn15%) for experiments were prepared in concentrations as recommended by the manufacturer. Shallow scalpel incisions were made on the surface of each segment and a Ditylenchus destructor suspension was instilled into the incision. The segments wetted with the standard solutions were put in plastic lidded containers to preserve humidity. The variants were labeled and left for 20 days. The control variant was sprayed with clean water. At 20 days that were enough for nematode colonization in potato slices, the tuber segments and nematode populations therein were examined. The result of the Ditylenchus destructor development in the potato segments with the use of micronutrients showed that the least nematodes were observed in the variants treated with copper chelate (EDTA-Cu15%) and iron chelate (Fe11%). Slightly more of them were in the variant with potassium metaborate (B10,1%K2 O44%). The remaining experiment variants and the control variant had the largest number of nematodes and their larvae.

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Sweere, Tim, Alexander Dickson, and Derek Vance. "Controls on nickel and zinc micronutrient availability in Phanerozoic oceans." In Goldschmidt2023. France: European Association of Geochemistry, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.7185/gold2023.19096.

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Reports on the topic "Micronutrient"

Research Institute (IFPRI), International Food Policy. Hidden hunger: Approaches to tackling micronutrient deficiencies. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2499/9780896295889_04.

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Bernal, Pedro, Nicolás Ajzenman, Stewart Kettle, Florencia López Bóo, and Emma Iriarte. Designing Behaviorally Informed Health Interventions: Adherence to Micronutrient Treatment in El Salvador. Inter-American Development Bank, August 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0002597.

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Feyrer, James, Dimitra Politi, and David Weil. The Cognitive Effects of Micronutrient Deficiency: Evidence from Salt Iodization in the United States. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, July 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w19233.

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Obbagy, Julie, Laural English, Tricia Psota, Perrine Nadaud, Kirsten Johns, Yat Ping Wong, Nancy Terry, et al. Types and Amounts of Complementary Foods and Beverages and Micronutrient Status: A Systematic Review. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Food and Nutrition Service, Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion, Nutrition Evidence Systematic Review, April 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.52570/nesr.pb242018.sr0302.

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Obbagy, Julie, Laural English, Tricia Psota, Perrine Nadaud, Kirsten Johns, Yat Ping Wong, Nancy Terry, et al. Timing of Introduction of Complementary Foods and Beverages and Micronutrient Status: A Systematic Review. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Food and Nutrition Service, Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion, Nutrition Evidence Systematic Review, April 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.52570/nesr.pb242018.sr0301.

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Berkström, Charlotte, Hampus Eriksson, Maria Eggertsen, Birgit Koehler, and Anna Norman Haldén. Securing sustainable access to aquatic foods. SLU Global, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54612/a.7fllvb7hr4.

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Global nutrition needs are increasing and aquatic foods have recently been identified as crucial in addressing many of the world’s urgent challenges, including hunger and malnutrition. This synthesis highlights the importance of aquatic foods as a source of protein, micronutrients and income, its potential to meet increasing food demands, as well as the challenges in aquatic food production and harvesting. Most importantly, it provides an overview of management initiatives and innovative solutions for secured sustainable access to aquatic foods in the future. Aquatic foods provide micronutrient-rich foods for 3.3 billion people and support the livelihoods of more than 800 million people. Small-scale fisheries, in particular, play a key role in supporting the diversity and nutritional benefits of aquatic foods. However, the capture and production of aquatic foods is not always sustainable, and access to these foods may be unequal. At the water-land nexus, new ways of producing aquatic foods hold the potential to reduce the climate footprint in the food system. The governance of, and investment in, aquatic food systems needs to aim to preserve, support and improve aquatic species diversity and to improve access to this highly nutritious food. These efforts need to include multiple stakeholders, such as fishers, community agencies, policy makers and researchers, and be firmly established in both the latest research and in a local/regional context - ecologically and socially. By incorporating different aspects of aquatic foods, this synthesis aims to inspire and inform the reader about the importance of these systems, and means for a sustainable way forward.

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Arimond, Mary, Doris Wiesmann, Sonia Rodríguez Ramírez, Teresa Shamah Levy, Sheng Ma, Zhiyong Zou, Anna Herforth, and Ty Beal. Food group diversity and nutrient adequacy: Dietary diversity as a proxy for micronutrient adequacy for different age and sex groups in Mexico and China. Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36072/dp.9.

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Bernal, Pedro, Giuliana Daga, and Florencia Lopez Boo. Do Behavioral Drivers Matter for Healthcare Decision-making in Times of Crisis?: A study of Low-Income Women in El Salvador During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Inter-American Development Bank, August 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0005094.

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Understanding health-seeking behaviors and their drivers is key for governments to manage health policies. There is a growing literature on the role of cognitive biases and heuristics in health and care-seeking behaviors, but little is known of how they might be influenced during a context of heightened anxiety and uncertainty. This study analyzes the relationship between four behavioral predictors the internal locus of control, impatience, optimism bias, and aspirations and healthcare decisions among low-income women in El Salvador. We find positive associations between internal locus of control and preventive health behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic (use of masks, distance, hand washing, and COVID-19 vaccination) and in general (prenatal checkups, iron-rich diets for children and hypertension tests). Measures of impatience negatively correlate with COVID-19 prevention behaviors and mothers micronutrient treatment adherence for children, and optimism bias and educational aspirations with healthcare-seeking behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic. Some associations were more robust during the pandemic, suggesting that feelings of uncertainty and stress could enhance behavioral drivers influence on health-related behaviors, a novel and relevant finding in the literature relevant for the design of policy responses for future shocks.

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Hertel, Thomas, and Cicero Zanetti De Lima. Climate Impacts on Agriculture: Searching for Keys under the Streetlight. GTAP Working Paper, May 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21642/gtap.wp86.

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This paper provides a critical assessment of the literature estimating the consequences of climate impacts in agriculture and the food system. This literature focuses overwhelmingly on the impact of elevated CO2 concentrations in the atmosphere, higher temperatures and changing precipitation on staple crop yields. While critically important for food security, we argue that researchers have gravitated to measuring impacts ‘under the streetlight’ where data and models are plentiful. We argue that prior work has largely neglected the vast majority of potential economic impacts of climate change on agriculture. A broader view must extend the impacts analysis to inputs beyond land, including the consequences of climate change for labor productivity, as well as the rate of total factor productivity growth in the face of more rapidly depreciating knowledge capital. This broader view must also focus more attention on non-staple crops, which, while less important from a caloric point of view, are critically important in redressing current micronutrient deficiencies in many diets around the world. The paper closes with numerical simulations that demonstrate the extent to which limited input and output coverage of climate impacts can lead to considerable underestimation of the consequences for food security and economic welfare – particularly in the poorest regions of the world.

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Duewer, David L., Margaret C. Kline, William A. MacCrehan, Willie E. May, Robert C. Paule, Reenie Parris, Robert Schaffer, and Jeanice B. Thomas. NIST micronutrients measurement quality assurance program:. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, February 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ir.7880-39.

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