Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Microphones'
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Jeelani, Mohammad Kamran. "Integration and characterization of micromachined optical microphones." Thesis, Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/31759.
Full textCommittee Chair: Degertekin, F. Levent; Committee Member: Baldwin, Daniel; Committee Member: Hesketh, Peter. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.
Pearce, Andy. "Perceived differences between microphones." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2017. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/814006/.
Full textVarada, Vijay K. "Acoustic Localization Employing Polar Directivity Patterns of Bidirectional Microphones Enabling Minimum Aperture Microphone Arrays." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1290118825.
Full textBicen, Baris. "Micromachined diffraction based optical microphones and intensity probes with electrostatic force feedback." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/41065.
Full textZwyssig, Erich Paul. "Speech processing using digital MEMS microphones." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/8287.
Full textGarcia, Caesar Theodore. "Packaging and Characterization of MEMS Optical Microphones." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/19713.
Full textSong, Yuanyuan. "Design, analysis and characterization of silicon microphones." Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2008.
Find full textIncludes bibliographical references.
Dieme, Robert. "Characterization of noise in MEMS piezoresistive microphones." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0010508.
Full textHsieh, Wen H. Tai Yu-Chong. "MEMS thin film teflon electret condenser microphones /." Diss., Pasadena, Calif. : California Institute of Technology, 2001. http://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-08302005-135533.
Full textCao, Yuchang. "Speech enhancement with single and multiple microphones." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 1996.
Find full textJawed, Syed Arsalan. "CMOS Readout Interfaces for MEMS Capacitive Microphones." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trento, 2009. https://hdl.handle.net/11572/368656.
Full textJawed, Syed Arsalan. "CMOS Readout Interfaces for MEMS Capacitive Microphones." Doctoral thesis, University of Trento, 2009. http://eprints-phd.biblio.unitn.it/82/1/thesis_mems_microphone_readout.pdf.
Full textDagher, Samer. "Design of a MEMS microphone based on a new device architecture." Thesis, Le Mans, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LEMA1028.
Full textIn recent years, MEMS (micro-electromechanical system) microphones have become a key component in a wide range of consumer electronic devices. The need to improve upon existing applications, such as voice pickup for phone calls, as well as the development of new ones, like the widespread use of speech recognition systems, have propelled the ever increasing demand for higher performance microphones. This has driven the optimization of the current technology to its limits, as the large majority of commercial MEMS microphones are based on variations of a simple condenser design: a deformable membrane, facing a perforated and fixed counter-electrode (backplate), and sitting on top of a cavity maintained at atmospheric pressure, commonly referred to as Back Volume (BV). In this design, the capacitive transduction is performed in air, leading to unavoidable squeeze-film damping and acoustical resistance due to the presence of the backplate, which become the dominant noise sources in the device. Limited by these noise sources, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), representative of the overall performance of the microphone, can only be improved at the cost of a larger chip and BV size. Although several other design changes and improvements have been proposed, they have had little to no success in increasing the SNR without increasing the size of the device. Alternatively, designs based on piezoelectric transduction seem to promise a higher performance as they do not incorporate a backplate. However, their performance is found to be limited by the intrinsic losses of currently available piezoelectric materials. This present work proposes a new approach for reducing the viscous damping losses, and improving the performance of capacitive MEMS microphones, by separating the backplate from the membrane and performing the transduction in vacuum. In this new design, the device is separated into two parts: a rigid piston that harvests the acoustic sound pressure in air, mechanically connected to a capacitive transducer encapsulated in a vacuum cavity. This separation drastically reduces the acoustic noise sources in the device and allows a high capacitive density, which significantly improves the SNR of the microphone without necessarily increasing its size. The connection between both elements is ensured by an innovative mechanical hinge, capable of transferring a mechanical motion between two separate atmospheres. In this study, the mechanical hinge is first designed to be robust enough to withstand the effects of atmospheric pressure and possible high pressure overshoots, while remaining flexible enough to transfer the mechanical motion. An analytical model of the microphone is then developed, detailing the theory of operation of the device, and the achievable performance levels and size limitations are discussed. The final devices are designed based on the theoretical framework of the analytical model, taking into account the critical dimensions set by the two-wafer fabrication process. These devices have been successfully fabricated, and the encountered fabrication problems have been analyzed and corrected. Furthermore, the first wafer-level experimental results prove the viability of this new device concept. The transfer of the force from the piston in air to the encapsulated transducer was proven, and the acoustic response of the devices was successfully measured with a sensitivity reaching 6±0.5fF/Pa. With this first proof of concept, this new design paves the way for ultra-high performance MEMS microphones
Chatzopoulos, Dimitrios. "Modeling the performance of MEMS based directional microphones." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2008. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/theses/2008/Dec/08Dec%5FChatzopoulos.pdf.
Full textThesis Advisor(s): Kapolka, Daphne ; Karunasiri, Gamani. "December 2008." Description based on title screen as viewed on January 30, 2009. Includes bibliographical references (p. 97-98). Also available in print.
Barham, R. G. "Free-field reciprocity calibration of laboratory standard microphones." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.294981.
Full textGillier, Martin. "Environnement acoustique de la surface de Mars : analyse des données des microphones de Perseverance et modélisation de la propagation du son." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulouse, ISAE, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ESAE0040.
Full textOn February 18, 2021, the Perseverance rover landed in Jezero crater on the surface of Mars. Since then, the two microphones on board have acquired dozens of hours of sound recordings, paving the way for a new method of studying the Martian surface environment. It is within this framework that this thesis takes place, studying the propagation of sound waves on the surface of Mars through the analysis of Martian data and modeling.After briefly discussing how the work presented in this thesis lies at the crossroads of Mars exploration and the study of the atmosphere by acoustic means, the specifics of the data acquired by Martian microphones are presented. I focus in particular on the problem of saturation, to show how the constraints inherent in operating a microphone on the surface of Mars have an impact on this phenomenon, and how desaturation methods make it possible to mitigate this risk to some extent. All the audio recordings are then shown in the form of a catalog, with a presentation of the characteristics of each sound source, from both an individual and statistical point of view. The scientific applications enabled by each type of recording are also described. Secondly, work on modeling sound propagation on the surface of Mars is presented. I first describe how to use a physics-based acoustic model to derive the speed of sound and the acoustic attenuation coefficient at all points on the surface of Mars at all times. Then, I show how the use of an atmospheric acoustics model allows us to account for all the phenomena present on the surface of Mars that have an influence on sound propagation.The result of this thesis is, on the one hand, a demonstration of the scientific interest of using acoustic methods to study the atmosphere and surface of other planets and, on the other, a model enabling us to predict the sound field created by a specific source at all points on the surface of Mars at all times. The lessons learned from this work on the use of microphones for planetary science, and the modeling methods developed here, will be useful for future missions carrying acoustic instruments to other bodies in the Solar System
Banser, Frederic Allen. "Micromachined biomimetic optical microphones with improved packaging and power consumption." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/43696.
Full textMunger, Jacob B. "Frequency Response of the Skin on the Head and Neck During Production of Selected Speech Sounds." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2009. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2936.pdf.
Full textStenzel, Sebastian [Verfasser]. "Multichannel Signal Processing for Spatially Distributed Microphones / Sebastian Stenzel." Aachen : Shaker, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1060621940/34.
Full textStockermans, Ron J. "Comparison calibration of piezoresistive microphones for acoustic power measurements." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/23572.
Full textA calibration of two Endevco piezoresistive microphones was carried out under static and dynamics pressures. The dynamic pressure calibrations were done by comparison with a B&K condenser microphone. The calibration was carried out in a small closed volume in air and helium. In helium, the codes volume was pressurized to atmospheric pressure and then 10 Atm. The dynamic calibration would determine the "flatness" of the calibration curve, as well as determine a sensitivity value over the range of frequencies used. The results showed that the calibration curve for the piezoresistive microphones are flat from static pressures to about 300 Hz and then begin to fall off. The value of the sensitivity of the "flat" region of the calibration curve for one microphone was within 0.4% of the value for sensitivity calculated under the static pressure calibration. For the other microphone the static and dynamic sensitivities were within 1.3% of each other. Then, the static calibration of one microphone may be used under dynamic conditions with a less than 1% error while using the other microphone similarly will produce an error of greater than 1%.
Le, Van Suu Thierry. "Etude analytique, conception et microfabrication de microphones capacitifs miniatures." Le Mans, 2008. http://cyberdoc.univ-lemans.fr/theses/2008/2008LEMA1016.pdf.
Full textDuring the last decade, capacitive acoustic pressure sensors fabricated on silicon chips was the subject of theoretical, experimental and technological studies, in order to design miniaturized microphones whose interest in many applications would be of importance. These studies concentrate on the devices classically designed, namely on the modelling and on the micro machining of devices comprising a diaphragm (considered as a membrane), a planar perforated (or not) backing electrode, and a viscous and thermalconducting fiuid trapped between both and/or enclosed by a peripheral reservoir. Ln many respects, the work presented in this PhD thesis is an extension of those carried out for several years in laboratories around the world, including the Laboratoire d'Acoustique de l'Université du Maine. A new design in which the backing electrode is non-planar has been proposed recently in the literature. A standard analytic procedure yielded simple expression for the sensitivity of the microphone, whose the limitations can be pointed out when a precise solution is needed. Therefore herein, a general solution is proposed, which accounts for the coupling between the membrane and the fiuid layer in a more realistic way. On the other hand, the diaphragm is usually assumed to be circular and/or to behave as a membrane. The aim of the second chapter of the analytical studies presented here is to propose solutions for square loaded plates, including extensions for stretched ribbon, leading to awaited results. The second part of the thesis is twofold : -i) a miniaturised microphone, made using the micro machining pro cesses available in the clean room facility at ENSIM, has been designed and the main process steps have been validated, -ii) an experimental method for measuring simultaneously the Young's modulus and the residual stress is suggested and validated, supplanting in our opinion other known methods which usually provide only one of these two parameters (assuming that the other one is known)
Le, Van Suu Thierry Bruneau Michel Durand Stéphane. "Etude analytique, conception et microfabrication de microphones capacitifs miniatures." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2008. http://cyberdoc.univ-lemans.fr/theses/2008/2008LEMA1016.pdf.
Full textChing, Lai Chiong. "A study into the design of steerable microphones arrays." Thesis, Curtin University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/2582.
Full textFedosov, Andrey. "Assistance automatique au mixage de microphones d'appoint dans une prise de son HOA." Thesis, Brest, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BRES0016/document.
Full textIn this thesis we study the problematic of a sound engineer mixing HOA (Higher Order Ambisonics) and spot microphones, namely the estimation of parameters such as delay, position and gain of acoustic sources associated to spot microphones. We present a typical workflow in this context, and also propose an algorithm extracting parameters that could be applied to the spot microphone signals. This mixing assistance allows sound engineers to easily work with HOA 3D sound and to concentrate on artistic choices (fine adjustments of the parameters), by avoiding a low-added value work (coarse parameter estimation). The robustness of the estimators is evaluated on recorded and artificial sound scenes, with different degrees of complexity in terms of number of sources and acoustic conditions (reverberation, effect of real microphone encoding, …). We also provide performance evaluations, based on both sound scene simulations and real recordings, showing encouraging results along with actual limits, and conclude on perspectives
Vanwynsberghe, Charles. "Réseaux à grand nombre de microphones : applicabilité et mise en œuvre." Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066474/document.
Full textRecently, digital MEMS microphones came out and have opened new perspectives. One of them is the design of large-aperture and massively multichannel acoustical acquisition systems. Such systems meet good requirements for efficient source localization. However, new problems arise. First, an important data flow comes from the array, and must be processed fast enough. Second, if the large array is set up in situ, retrieving the position of numerous microphones becomes a challenging task. This thesis proposes methods addressing these two problems. The first part exhibits the description of the acquisition system, which has been developed during the thesis. First, we show that MEMS microphone characteristics are suitable for array processing applications. Then, real-time processing of channel signals is achieved by a parallel GPU implementation. This strategy is one solution to the heavy data flow processing issue. In this way, a real-time acoustic imaging tool was developed, and enables a dynamic wide-band diagnosis, for an arbitrary duration.The second part presents several robust geometric calibration methods: they retrieve microphone positions, based only on the array acoustic signals. Indeed, in real-life conditions, the state of the art methods are inefficient with large arrays. This thesis proposes techniques that guarantee the robustness of the calibration process. The proposed methods allow calibration in the different existing soundscapes, from free field to reverberant field. Various experimental scenarios prove the efficiency of the methods
Bourouina, Tarik. "Conception, réalisation et caractérisation d'un microphone miniaturisé en technologie silicium." Paris 12, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA120034.
Full textGuianvarc'h, Cécile Bruneau Michel. "La cavité de couplage acoustique dans la méthode de réciprocité modèles analytiques pour l'étalonnage des microphones et la mesure d'impédances de petits composants /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2005. http://cyberdoc.univ-lemans.fr/theses/2005/2005LEMA1021.pdf.
Full textBanks, David Carlton. "The localisation and separation of simultaneous voices with two microphones." Thesis, University of Reading, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.316009.
Full textYemdji, Tchassi Christelle. "Annulation d'écho acoustique pour terminaux mobiles à un et deux microphones." Thesis, Paris, ENST, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ENST0081/document.
Full textLes téléphones mobiles sont sans aucun doute les terminaux de télécommunication le plus populaire de nos jours. Le besoin de mobilité étant toujours croissant, les téléphones mobiles sont parfois utilisés dans des conditions très adverses : mains-libres ou environnements bruités. Dans ces conditions, la qualité de la parole est perturbée par la présence de l'écho acoustique et du bruit ambiant. Les terminaux sont généralement équipés d'algorithmes de traitement de la parole afin de garantir une qualité de la parole acceptable. Composés d’un annuleur d’écho adaptatif, d’une réduction de bruit et d’une suppression d’écho résiduel, les chaines de traitement de parole classiques fournissent en général une qualité de la parole acceptable moyennant une complexité de calcul importante. Néanmoins, lorsque le rapport signal à écho est faible on peut noter des dégradations du signal utile. Les terminaux mobiles récents sont de plus en plus équipés de plusieurs microphones qui ne sont alors utilisés que pour la réduction de bruit bien qu’ils présentent un indéniable intérêt pour les systèmes de réduction conjointe de bruit et d’écho résiduel. Cette thèse présente une nouvelle architecture combinée d’annulation d’écho pour terminaux mobiles à un ou deux microphones. L’architecture proposée réduit efficacement la complexité de calcul tout en améliorant la qualité de la parole dans les scénarios défavorables. Nous présentons également la première solution bi-microphones de détection de double parole. Enfin, nos techniques bi-microphones peuvent facilement être appliquées aux terminaux multi-microphones et tout en ayant une capacité calculatoire acceptable pour les téléphones mobiles
Honzík, Petr. "Miniaturní křemíkové mikrofony." České vysoké učení technické (Prague), 2007. http://cyberdoc.univ-lemans.fr/theses/2007/2007LEMA1021.pdf.
Full textThis thesis deals with formulating of the theoretical description of the electroacoustic transducer with the rectangular diaphragm and the nonplanar back electrode of a parabolic shape as an acoustic pressure sensor of the 0order. The study leads to the equivalent lumped element circuit. The possibilities of the micromechanical fabrication of the miniature silicon microphones were also studied and the complete fabrication process was proposed. In the theoretical part the generalized equivalent circuit describing electromechanical transformation in the transducer is described. The main part of the presented theory is dedicated to finding the equivalent circuit elements of the air-gap between the diaphragm and the non-planar back electrode exhausting to the peripheral cavity. The second part deals with description of micromechanical fabrication of miniature silicon microphones. , some experimental results of testing phases are presented
Guitton, Antoine. "Etude expérimentale des relations entre les champs hydrodynamiques et acoustiques des jets libres." Poitiers, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009POIT2344.
Full textAn experimental study of the near pressure field of subsonic jets is realized using a line array of microphones. Hydrodynamic and acoustic components are identified and characterised. Different techniques to separate the two components are proposed and compared. From this decomposition of the nearfied fluctuations, the link between the hydrodynamic field and the acoustic field is investigated in order to study the mechanisms of acoustic production associated with the coherent structures. In this context, Coiffet et al (2006) interpreted nodes in the spacefrequency coherence of the nearfield as the signature of an instantaneous interference between hydrodynamic and acoustic fluctuations. However, the present study demonstrates that the interference is not instantaneous, but statistical. The nodes do not therefore provide evidence of a causal link between the hydrodynamic and acoustic nearfield fluctuations. The instantaneous relationship between the two components of the nearfield is assessed by studying their levels of coherence. This approach is applied to measurements performed in the nearfield of a transonic coaxial jet: the level of hydrodynamicacoustic coherence is studied as a function of the primary jet exit velocity. For the soundproduction mechanisms which are associated with the coherence metric we use, analysis shows a higher level of source activity, at a broader range of frequencies, as the velocity ratio is increased. Finally, the coherence metric is evaluated for jets equipped with serrations; we find that an effect of the serrations is to decouple the hydrodynamic and acoustic nearfield modes
Guillaume, Mathieu. "Analyse et synthèse de champs sonores /." Paris : École nationale supérieure des télécommunications, 2007. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41024522p.
Full textHonzík, Petr Š̆kvor Zdenĕk. "Miniaturní křemíkové mikrofony crophones sur puces silicium /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2007. http://cyberdoc.univ-lemans.fr/theses/2007/2007LEMA1021.pdf.
Full textThèse soutenue en co-tutelle. Titre provenant de l'écran-titre. Bibliogr. p. 109-111.
Tehrani, Mehrdad Panahpour, Yasushi Hirano, Shoji Kajita, Toshiaki Fujii, Kazuya Takeda, and Kenji Mase. "MULTIPOINT SYSTEM FOR VIDEO AND SOUND 100 Cemras and Microphones System." INTELLIGENT MEDIA INTEGRATION NAGOYA UNIVERSITY / COE, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/10381.
Full textLee, Yeongseon. "Bayesian 3D multiple people tracking using multiple indoor cameras and microphones." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/29668.
Full textCommittee Chair: Rusell M. Mersereau; Committee Member: Biing Hwang (Fred) Juang; Committee Member: Christopher E. Heil; Committee Member: Georgia Vachtsevanos; Committee Member: James H. McClellan. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.
Yemdji, Tchassi Christelle. "Annulation d'écho acoustique pour terminaux mobiles à un et deux microphones." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, ENST, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ENST0081.
Full textLes téléphones mobiles sont sans aucun doute les terminaux de télécommunication le plus populaire de nos jours. Le besoin de mobilité étant toujours croissant, les téléphones mobiles sont parfois utilisés dans des conditions très adverses : mains-libres ou environnements bruités. Dans ces conditions, la qualité de la parole est perturbée par la présence de l'écho acoustique et du bruit ambiant. Les terminaux sont généralement équipés d'algorithmes de traitement de la parole afin de garantir une qualité de la parole acceptable. Composés d’un annuleur d’écho adaptatif, d’une réduction de bruit et d’une suppression d’écho résiduel, les chaines de traitement de parole classiques fournissent en général une qualité de la parole acceptable moyennant une complexité de calcul importante. Néanmoins, lorsque le rapport signal à écho est faible on peut noter des dégradations du signal utile. Les terminaux mobiles récents sont de plus en plus équipés de plusieurs microphones qui ne sont alors utilisés que pour la réduction de bruit bien qu’ils présentent un indéniable intérêt pour les systèmes de réduction conjointe de bruit et d’écho résiduel. Cette thèse présente une nouvelle architecture combinée d’annulation d’écho pour terminaux mobiles à un ou deux microphones. L’architecture proposée réduit efficacement la complexité de calcul tout en améliorant la qualité de la parole dans les scénarios défavorables. Nous présentons également la première solution bi-microphones de détection de double parole. Enfin, nos techniques bi-microphones peuvent facilement être appliquées aux terminaux multi-microphones et tout en ayant une capacité calculatoire acceptable pour les téléphones mobiles
Bakir, Tariq Saad. "Blind adaptive dereverberation of speech signals using a microphone array." Diss., Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004:, 2004. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-06072004-131047/unrestricted/bakir%5Ftariq%5Fs%5F200405%5Fphd.pdf.
Full textLeonard, Theresa Ann. "Time delay compensation of distributed multiple microphones in recording : an experimental evaluation." Thesis, McGill University, 1991. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61154.
Full textMultiple microphone set-ups are used to record both large orchestral works and smaller-scale classical compositions where auxiliary microphones may be needed to ensure an optimum balance in the final mix. Small time delays are derived from calculations involving the distances between microphones, the speed of sound, and humidity and temperature readings from the hall. Proper synchronization of these delays is desirable to preserve phase coherence and combat comb-filter effects. Precise delay units are used to compile musical exerpts for listening tests.
The results reveal any change in sound quality and provide a basis for investigating both the positive and negative effects through objective study of the value of time delay compensation in the live recording reproduction of classical music performances.
Faure, Baldrik. "Caractérisation du rayonnement acoustique d'un rail à l'aide d'un réseau de microphones." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00721959.
Full textKhatami, Iman. "Free-field inlet / outlet noise identification on aircraft engines using microphones array." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/7581.
Full textRésumé : La présente thèse étudie la discrimination du bruit d'entrée / de sortie des moteurs d'avion dans des tests statiques en champ libre en utilisant des antennes de microphones en champ lointain. Diverses techniques sont comparées pour ce problème, dont la formation de voie classique (CB), la méthode inverse régularisée (régularisation de Tikhonov), la formation de voies généralisée inverse (L1-GIB), Clean-PSF, Clean-SC et deux méthodes proposées qui s'appellent la méthode hybride et la méthode Clean-hybride. La méthode la formation de voie classique est désavantagée en raison de son besoin de nombreux microphones de mesure. De même, la méthode inverse est désavantagée en raison du besoin d'information a priori sur les sources. La régularisation Tikhonov classique fournit des améliorations dans. la stabilité de la solution; cependant elle reste désavantageuse en raison de son exigence d'imposer une pénalité plus forte pour des positions de source non détectées. Des sources cohérentes et incohérentes peuvent être résolues par la formation de voies généralisée inverse (L1-GIB). Cet algorithme peut identifier les sources multi- polaires aussi bien que les sources monopolaires. Cependant, l'identification de source par la formation de voies généralisée inverse prend beaucoup de temps et exige un ordinateur avec une capacité de mémoire élevée. La méthode hybride est une nouvelle méthode de régularisation qui implique l'utilisation d'un traitement par formation de voie a priori pour définir une norme discrète et dépendante des données pour la régularisation du problème inverse. En comparaison avec la formation de voie classique et la méthode inverse, l'approche hybride (régularisation par formation de voie) fournit des cartographies améliorées d'amplitudes de sources sans aucune complexité supplémentaire substantielle. Bien que la méthode hybride lève les limitations des méthodes classiques, l'application de cette méthode pour l'identification de sources de faible puissance en présence de sources de forte puissance n'est pas satisfaisante. On peut expliquer ceci par la plus grande pénalisation appliquée à la source plus faible dans la méthode hybride, qui aboutit à la sous-estimation de l'amplitude de cette source. Pour surmonter ce défaut, la méthode Clean-SC et la méthode Clean-hybrides proposée qui est une combinaison de la méthode hybride et de Clean-SC sont appliquées. Ces méthodes éliminent l'effet des sources fortes dans les cartographies de puissance de sources pour identifier les sources plus faibles. Les méthodes proposées qui représentent la contribution principale de cette thèse conduisent à des résultats fiables et ouvrent des nouvelles voies de recherche. L'étude théorique de toutes les approches est menée pour divers types de sources et de configurations microphoniques. Pour valider l'étude théorique, plusieurs expériences en laboratoire sont réalisées à Université de Sherbrooke. Les méthodes proposées ont été appliquées aux données de bruit mesurées d'une turbo-soufflante Pratt & Whitney Canada pour fournir une meilleure résolution spatiale des sources acoustique et une solution robuste avec un nombre limité des microphones de mesure comparé aux méthodes existantes.
Irarrazabal, Oliva Francisco Javier. "Relative Infrasound Calibration of Microphones with Application to Outdoor Vector Intensity Measurements." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2021. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/9191.
Full textChapman, David Malcolm. "Microphones in a landscape : sound, place and the ecological model of perception." Thesis, University of East London, 2014. http://roar.uel.ac.uk/3969/.
Full textGuianvarc'h, Cécile. "La cavité de couplage acoustique dans la méthode de réciprocité : modèles analytiques pour l'étalonnage des microphones et la mesure d'impédances de petits composants." Le Mans, 2005. http://cyberdoc.univ-lemans.fr/theses/2005/2005LEMA1021.pdf.
Full textAcoustic metrology laboratories generally use high quality microphones as a reference for their acoustic measurement devices. Then these microphones, called Laboratory Standard Microphones, have to be calibrated with a great accuracy. During the last decades, the usual standardized method for calibrating these microphones, that is for determining their pressure sensitivity, is the reciprocity method. This method uses two microphones acoustically connected by a coupler which is an acoustic cavity, generally cylinder shaped, closed by lateral rigid walls and at its ends by the diaphragms of the microphones, one being used as a transmitter and the other one as a receiver. The product of the microphone's sensitivities is determined from electrical measurements and from the analytical calculation of the acoustic transfer admittance of the system. Actual equipments and measurement technics permit to reach the order of 0. 01 dB for the electrical measurements accuracy. The same precision is then requiered for the calculation of the acoustic transfer admittance which lies on the modelling of the sound pressure in the coupling cavity. Consequently, this modelling has to be as complete and accurate as possible. The model currently in use seems not to be sufficiently reliable to allow calibration with an accuracy that is compatible with the one of the electrical measurements. Thus, this is the aim of this study to build more complete analytical models for the sound pressure in the cavity taking into account the viscothermal boundary layers effect and the precise dependency of the acoustic field on the space coordinates. The results should lead to revise the standards currently in use, and moreover the obtained results could lead to a deep measurement method for the input characteristics of small acoustic components, that is actually missing, and that in the future they could lead to openings in the metrology of acoustic micro-elements (useful for characterization of the artificial hear and for the miniaturization of sensors). Finally, future developments about new modelling of microphones, that would take into account the effects of realistic diaphragm movements and then the spatial distribution of the acoustic movements in micro-cavities and micro-ducts that compose these sensors, will allow the models presented here to be of high interest concerning deep measurements and characterization of sensors and acoustic micro-components
Rodrigues, Dominique. "Méthode de réciprocité : caractérisation de petits composants acoustiques, étalonnage des microphones en pression et en champ libre." Phd thesis, Université du Maine, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00349206.
Full textCe propos met en cause la précision de l'étalonnage des étalons de mesure de pressions acoustiques et l'insuffisance des réglages d'appareils médicaux largement utilisés. Les enjeux pratiques, techniques et scientifiques ont donc leur importance et les études à mener comportent des exigences qui nécessitent des recherches approfondies. C'est ainsi que les thèmes abordés font appel ici à la méthode de la réciprocité en cavité et en champ libre.
Dans la première partie du travail, l'objectif recherché est d'adapter et d'améliorer la méthode de réciprocité en cavité. L'adaptation de cette méthode conduit à une technique de mesure d'impédances d'entrée de petits éléments acoustiques, tels que des tubes, fentes, cavités (utilisés dans l'oreille artificielle). L'amélioration des incertitudes de mesure des efficacités recherchée pour les hautes fréquences a conduit à proposer une modélisation améliorée d'un microphone ainsi que du dispositif d'étalonnage dans sa globalité de manière à étudier l'influence des modes radiaux dans la cavité sur les résultats de l'étalonnage.
La deuxième partie de ce travail trouve son origine dans une comparaison clé à l'échelle internationale portant sur les techniques d'étalonnage des microphones en champ libre. Cette comparaison clé a nécessité une refonte complète du dispositif expérimental du LNE, des techniques d'acquisitions et des méthodes de filtrage des perturbations liées aux faibles niveaux acoustiques mis en jeu. Ce travail a conduit à entreprendre des études plus approfondies sur les plans analytique et expérimental du concept de centre acoustique d'un microphone.
Certains résultats obtenus posent les bases des travaux futurs qui devraient permettre de poursuivre la modélisation pour réduire les incertitudes mais également pour prévoir la mise en oeuvre des méthodes adaptées à la métrologie des capteurs du futur qui seront fabriqués par des procédés relevant des microtechnologies.
Grondin, François. "Système d'audition artificielle embarqué optimisé pour robot mobile muni d'une matrice de microphones." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/11621.
Full textDownes, Julian. "The measurement of microphones in a reverberant room using a transient excitation method." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1985. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/847381/.
Full textDemontis, Hugo. "Identification de sources acoustiques complexes en milieu réverbérant par grands réseaux de microphones." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS196.
Full textKnowing the directivity pattern of an acoustic source is useful in many applications in acoustics. To experimentally estimate the spatial signature, it is common to deploy microphones partially or totally surrounding the source. The acoustic radiation is then captured in all possible directions. In this thesis, we discuss the development of a large-scale 3D microphone array. This array, named "MODO" ("Les Murs Ont Des Oreilles", or, "The Walls Have Ears"), is comprised of 1024 digital MEMS microphones, flush mounted on the walls and the ceiling of a typical shoe-box room. In order to localize the sources and identify their directivity pattern, we solve the associated inverse problem under block-sparsity constraints. The chosen method exploits the small number of sources inside the room, allowing a sparse representation of the measured sound field. We use the spherical harmonics formalism to efficiently describe the directivity of the sources and their individual contributions to the radiation pattern. The acoustic path is modelled via integration of room transfer functions, synthesized with the mirror microphone method. We validated the proposed characterization method \textit{in situ} by comparison with known directivity patterns, calibrated using a high order spherical microphone array in controlled conditions
Faneuff, Jeffery. "Spatial, spectral, and perceptual nonlinear noise reduction for hands-free microphones in a car." Link to electronic thesis, 2002. http://www.wpi.edu/Pubs/ETD/Available/etd-0806102-214423.
Full textLaurendeau, Estelle. "Etude aéroacoustique d'une méthode de contrôle d'un jet subsonique par fluidevrons." Poitiers, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007POIT2265.
Full textAldridge, David Charles. "The calibration of microphones and sound level meters for the measurement of impulsive noise." Thesis, Brunel University, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.275873.
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