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Journal articles on the topic 'Microplastics toxicity'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Park, Hanbai, and Beomseok Park. "Review of Microplastic Distribution, Toxicity, Analysis Methods, and Removal Technologies." Water 13, no. 19 (2021): 2736. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13192736.

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Microplastic contamination has become a problem, as plastic production has increased worldwide. Microplastics are plastics with particles of less than 5 mm and are absorbed through soil, water, atmosphere, and living organisms and finally affect human health. However, information on the distribution, toxicity, analytical methods, and removal techniques for microplastics is insufficient. For clear microplastic analytical methods and removal technologies, this article includes the following: (1) The distribution and contamination pathways of microplastics worldwide are reviewed. (2) The health e

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2

Junior, T., A. F. Nisaa, N. Karnaningroem, and M. A. Mardyanto. "The presence of microplastics in Surabaya coastal area and its correlation with conventional water quality parameters." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1414, no. 1 (2024): 012038. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1414/1/012038.

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Abstract Microplastic’s existence has gained much attention due to its toxicity and harmful effects on marine life. One of the microplastic behaviours in the environment is to absorb hydrophobic pollutants. This behaviour might increase the toxicity of microplastics, affect the concentration of contaminants, and harm the environment. Kenjeran coastal area is a hotspot for human activities in Surabaya City, such as tourist, military training, and fishing activities. Therefore, the Kenjeran coastal area has a high potential to be polluted by plastics and microplastics. This study aimed to identi

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3

Heena, Gupta Sanjogdeep Kaur and Zorawar Singh. "Danio rerio as a Model Animal for Assessing Microplastic Toxicity." Environmental Science Archives 1, no. 2 (2022): 98–103. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7213069.

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Microplastics are presently a major worldwide hazard, whether they come from massive plastic breakdown or directly from consumer and industrial items. By altering their physicochemical characteristics, weathering processes of plastics cause the fragmentation of polymers into microplastics. Due to delayed disposal of plastic waste, a lack of detecting equipment and specific removal techniques and a slow disposal rate, microplastics are prevalent in the environment. Microplastics are tiny enough to be easily absorbed. As a result, the presence of microplastics poses a hazard to both live species

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4

Liu, Pengjia. "Toxicity and mechanism analysis of microplastics." Transactions on Materials, Biotechnology and Life Sciences 7 (December 24, 2024): 409–13. https://doi.org/10.62051/d3c17x43.

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Plastic product the use of plastic product in our daily life led to the potential risk of microplastic exposure and its health outcome. Recently, much research about the toxicity of microplastic in different animals. The result of the toxicity of microplastic in animals may help people find out treatments and assets the environmental effect of the microplastic. This research concludes the experiment of microplastic exposure in different animals and from different pathways, where the animals include the Litopenaeus vannamei, Daphnia manga, Eisenia fetida, zebrafish, human trophoblasts and rats

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5

Lee, Sijoon, Kyung-Ku Kang, Soo-Eun Sung, et al. "Toxicity Study and Quantitative Evaluation of Polyethylene Microplastics in ICR Mice." Polymers 14, no. 3 (2022): 402. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14030402.

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The production, use, and waste of plastics increased worldwide, which resulted in environmental pollution and a growing public health problem. In particular, microplastics have the potential to accumulate in humans and mammals through the food chain. However, the toxicity of microplastics is not well understood. In this study, we investigated the toxicity of 10–50 μm polyethylene microplastics following single- and 28-day repeated oral administration (three different doses of microplastics of 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/kg/day) in ICR mice. For the investigation, we administered the microplastics o

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6

Liu, Yang, Shiqi Yan, and Zehui Yuan. "The origin of microplastics of offshore discharge: A review in assessing the relationship between microplastics content and other contaminants." E3S Web of Conferences 308 (2021): 01013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202130801013.

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The article reviewed migration, degradation, toxicity, and distribution of microplastics, which was focused on data enumeration of emission samples from countries around the North Pacific Ocean, South Atlantic Ocean, and Circumpolar oceans. Microplastic particles are easily absorbed by animals and spread to the whole food chain, and they have been confirmed to exist in the human body. It was well established that high abundance microplastics were trapped by ocean currents and accumulated in surface and sediment in convergence zones of the five subtropical gyres. While microplastic itself leach

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7

Khan, M. R., M. A. Tarafder, M. S. Priti, and M. A. Haque. "Micro-plastics in soil environment: A review." Bangladesh Journal of Nuclear Agriculture 38, no. 1 (2024): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjnag.v38i1.76558.

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Environmental scientists and other stakeholders have paid serious attention to soil pollution by microplastics in the last ten years. In soils, the microplastic particles act as a vector for the toxic persistent organic pollutants and potentially toxic metals that are easily sorbed by plants and enter the food chain. Microplastics are emerging as persistent terrestrial pollutants due to mismanagement and indiscriminate use. Microplastic contaminants affect the physicochemical characteristics of the soil as well as the feeding patterns of the soil biota. Sewage sludge, bio waste compost additio

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8

Rednikin, Alexey R., Yulia A. Frank, Artem O. Rozhin, Danil S. Vorobiev, and Rawil F. Fakhrullin. "Airborne Microplastics: Challenges, Prospects, and Experimental Approaches." Atmosphere 15, no. 11 (2024): 1380. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos15111380.

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Airborne microplastics are emerging pollutants originating from disposable tableware, packaging materials, textiles, and other consumer goods. Microplastics vary in shape and size and exposed to external factors break down into even smaller fractions. Airborne microplastics are abundant in both urban and natural environments, including water bodies and glaciers, as particles can travel long distances. The potential toxicity of airborne microplastics cannot be underestimated. Microparticles, especially those < 10 µm, entering the human body through inhalation or ingestion have been shown to

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9

Kaur, S. Gupta H. and Singh Z. "Daphnia magna as a model animal for assessing microplastic toxicity." Environmental Science Archives 2, no. 1 (2023): 28–33. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7500694.

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Microplastics, originating directly from household and industrial products or from large plastic degradation, are currently of extreme global concern. The coronavirus pandemic also increased the use of microplastics because all the protective equipment like face masks, full face shields and gloves are made up of different plastics such as polyurethane, PET, polyester and polypropylene. The face masks generally contain a lot of polypropylene in it which produces toxicity in ocean beds and great lakes during the weathering process. Actually, weathering processes lead to the fragmentation of plas

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10

Amrullah, Muhammad Khalaf, Alifa Nabilah Elma Putri, Windika Yosephin Nababan, and Andre Marolop Pangihutan Siahaan. "Microplastic: Characteristics, exposure pathways, toxicity, and implication for human health." Jurnal Prima Medika Sains 6, no. 1 (2024): 87–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.34012/jpms.v6i1.4942.

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Microplastics particles ranging from 1 µm to 5 mm, have gained attention for their omnipresence in marine environments and potential health risks. Initially recognized in the 1990s, microplastics are classified as primary (designed for microscopic dimensions) or secondary (resulting from degradation). Exposure pathways include ingestion, inhalation, and dermal contact, with sources ranging from food and beverages to personal care products. These particles possess unique properties, facilitating their interaction with organic contaminants and potential bioaccumulation in marine life. Their smal

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11

Liu, Xijing, Han Zheng, Haixiao Li, and Yong Chen. "An Investigation into the Environmental and Human Health Implications of Microplastic Toxicity." Social Science, Humanities and Sustainability Research 4, no. 5 (2023): p110. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/sshsr.v4n5p110.

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The pervasive distribution of microplastics in the environment has become a global concern, with potential repercussions for human health, ecosystems, and biological toxicity. This review synthesizes current research on the environmental distribution, potential pathways of human exposure, and health implications of microplastics. We highlight the methodologies employed in quantifying and characterizing microplastics, as well as the toxicological assessments conducted in various biological matrices. Our findings indicate a significant correlation between microplastic exposure and adverse health

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12

Ruparel, Parmeshwari. "Assessing the Impact of Microplastics on Brain Chemistry: The Need for a Comprehensive Policy Framework to Mitigate Toxicity." International Journal of Science and Healthcare Research 9, no. 3 (2024): 401–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijshr.20240349.

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Microplastics are pervasive pollutants that enter ecosystems and the human body. This review examines and synthesises the specific impact of microplastics on brain chemistry, exploring how exposure through ingestion and inhalation can affect neurological function and overall health, due to the growing evidence linking microplastic exposure to adverse biological effects, including neurotoxicity, oxidative stress, and inflammation, which may pose significant risks to human health. The conclusions indicate that microplastics, once in the human body, can cross biological barriers and accumulate in

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13

Zhang, Chaonan, Zhiheng Zuo, Qiujie Wang, Shaodan Wang, Liqun Lv, and Jixing Zou. "Size Effects of Microplastics on Embryos and Observation of Toxicity Kinetics in Larvae of Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)." Toxics 10, no. 2 (2022): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics10020076.

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Microplastics have caused great concern in recent years. However, few studies have compared the toxicity of different sizes of microplastics in fishes, especially commercial fishes, which are more related to human health. In the present study, we revealed the effects of varying sizes of microplastics on grass carp embryos and larvae using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and fluorescence imaging. Embryos were exposed to 80 nm and 8 μm microplastics at concentrations of 5, 15, and 45 mg/L. Toxicity kinetics of various sizes of fluorescent microplastics were analyzed through microscopic observ

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14

Tang, Kuok Ho Daniel. "Effects of Microplastics on Bioavailability, Persistence and Toxicity of Plant Pesticides: An Agricultural Perspective." Agriculture 15, no. 4 (2025): 356. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture15040356.

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Microplastic–pesticide interactions influence pesticide performance, soil health, and environmental safety. This review aims to comprehensively present the effects of microplastic–pesticide interactions on pesticide bioavailability, persistence, and toxicity, along with their agricultural implications on pest control. It reviews more than 90 related articles from established scholarly databases. Most studies indicate that pesticide bioavailability decreases in the presence of microplastics due to adsorption, which is frequently influenced by the hydrophobicity (log Kow) of the pesticides and t

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15

Borah, Shikha Jyoti, Abhijeet Kumar Gupta, Akanksha Gupta, et al. "Grasping the supremacy of microplastic in the environment to understand its implications and eradication: a review." Journal of Materials Science 58, no. 32 (2023): 12899–928. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10853-023-08806-8.

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AbstractOver the last century, accumulation of microplastic has emerged as a greater threat to the environment, plants, microorganisms and even human beings. Microplastics can be intentionally produced for industries such as cosmetics, or they may be unintentionally generated from degradation of bulk plastic debris. Furthermore, mismanagement of plastic waste is a major source of microplastics. When ingested, microplastics can alter several physical, chemical and biological processes in living organisms. Thus, their toxicity silently spreads its roots into the biosphere. Unfortunately, current

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16

Tibbetts, Joseph, Stefan Krause, Iseult Lynch, and Gregory Sambrook Smith. "Abundance, Distribution, and Drivers of Microplastic Contamination in Urban River Environments." Water 10, no. 11 (2018): 1597. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w10111597.

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Given the persistence of microplastics in the environment and their potential toxicity to ecosystems, understanding of likely microplastic accumulation ‘hotspots’ in rivers is urgently needed. To contribute to this challenge, this paper reports results of a microplastic survey from a heavily urbanised catchment, the River Tame and four of its tributaries, which flows through the city of Birmingham, UK. All sediment sampled was found to contain microplastics with an average abundance of 165 particles kg−1. While urban areas generally have a greater abundance of microplastics as compared with ru

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17

Salikova, Natalya S., Anna V. Lovinskaya, Saule Zh Kolumbayeva, et al. "Evaluation of Microplastic Toxicity in Drinking Water Using Different Test Systems." Water 16, no. 22 (2024): 3250. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w16223250.

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Microplastic pollution poses a significant threat to environmental and human health. This study investigated the toxicological and genotoxic effects of various microplastic types (polystyrene (PS), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polypropylene (PP), and polyethylene (PE)) on plant and animal models. Aqueous extracts of microplastics in different size fractions (0.175 mm, 0.3 mm, 1 mm, 2 mm, and 3 mm) were evaluated for their impact on barley seed germination and cell division. Results indicated that smaller microplastic fractions exhibited higher toxicity, particularly for PP and PE. Signifi

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18

Kumari, Rakhi. "Chronic Toxicity of Microplastics on Fish (Labeo rohita) and Their Impact on the Freshwater Ecosystem: A Case Study of Gangasagar Pond, Darbhanga, India." UTTAR PRADESH JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY 45, no. 10 (2024): 135–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.56557/upjoz/2024/v45i104057.

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The present investigation was conducted to evaluate the chronic toxicity of microplastics on fish, Labeo rohita and isolation, identifications and estimation of microplastics in freshwater pond, Gangasagar Pond, Darbhasnga. traceable clinical, anatomical (morphological) and histopathological alterations. The data were analyzed and found that microplastic fibre (ranging between 12 to 56/m3) were dominated followed by microplastic film (ranging between 10 to 38), fragment (ranging between 8-22). The number of foam, beads (spherical) and coloured were relatively low. The sources of these plastic

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19

Ebong, Blessing. "olYours iReview on microplastic-polymer composite interactions: Assessing contaminant adsorption, structural integrity, and environmental impacts." Communication in Physical Sciences 12, no. 2 (2025): 770–77. https://doi.org/10.4314/cps.v12i2.8.

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Microplastics, defined as plastic particles smaller than 5 mm, have emerged as significant environmental contaminants due to their persistence and ability to adsorb and transport pollutants. This study explores the sources, classification, and environmental impact of microplastics, with a focus on their interactions with polymer composites. Microplastics serve as carriers for heavy metals, organic pollutants, and pathogens, increasing their bioavailability and potential toxicity. The degradation of polymer composites in microplastic-rich environments contributes to fragmentation, contaminant l

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20

Liu, Tao, Baolian Hou, Yecui Zhang, and Zhiping Wang. "Determination of Biological and Molecular Attributes Related to Polystyrene Microplastic-Induced Reproductive Toxicity and Its Reversibility in Male Mice." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 21 (2022): 14093. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192114093.

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Microplastics exist not only in the natural environment, but also in human tissue such as blood and even placenta. Polystyrene microplastic exposure can cause abnormal sperm quality in mice; however, the mechanism is unclear, and whether sperm abnormalities can be restored has not been reported. ICR mice were exposed to 5 μm polystyrene microplastics through the drinking water. After one spermatogenic cycle, mitochondrial damage was observed to explain the possible cause of sperm damage. After 1–2 spermatogenic cycles of recovery, whether the damaged sperm could be recovered was observed. The

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21

Lelis, Diego Caetano Campos de, Rafaela Luiza Dias da Cunha, and Lycia de Brito-Gitirana. "Morphochemical characterization and interactions of secondary microplastics with paracetamol and microalgae." Ambiente e Agua - An Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied Science 20 (April 4, 2025): 1–20. https://doi.org/10.4136/ambi-agua.3017.

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The morphochemical properties of microplastics influence their interactions with pollutants, biota, and toxicity. This study focused on the effects of microalgae exposure to secondary microplastics (SMP) derived from different plastic materials, often associated with pharmaceutical residues. Tetraselmis sp. were exposed to SMP alone and in combination with paracetamol. The SMP exhibited irregular morphology and sizes ranging from 8 to 1749 µm. morphochemical properties were analyzed using FTIR, SEM-EDS, and zeta potential. FTIR analysis identified three types of SMP (linear low-density polyeth

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KALWANT-SINGH, RAVEENA-KAUR, CHEN-LI SOO, and CHENG-ANN CHEN. "Assessment of Microplastics in the Surface Water of Mengkabong and Salut Rivers of Sabah, Malaysia." Borneo Journal of Resource Science and Technology 14, no. 2 (2024): 1–18. https://doi.org/10.33736/bjrst.6534.2024.

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Microplastics in river water are a global risk to aquatic ecosystems due to their longevity in the environment, causing toxicity, ingestion by organisms, and bioaccumulation. However, knowledge and research on microplastic pollution are still scarce in Sabah, Malaysia, as no studies have been carried out before. Hence, this study aimed (1) to determine the occurrence of microplastics in the surface water of the Mengkabong and Salut Rivers in Sabah and (2) to assess the spatial variability in the concentration and characteristics of microplastics within these rivers. Microplastics were extracte

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Salimi, Ahmad, Ali Alavehzadeh, Maral Ramezani, and Jalal Pourahmad. "Differences in sensitivity of human lymphocytes and fish lymphocytes to polyvinyl chloride microplastic toxicity." Toxicology and Industrial Health 38, no. 2 (2022): 100–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/07482337211065832.

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Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) microplastics are emerging contaminants affecting biological wastewater treatment processes. So far, the toxicological investigation of PVC microplastics usually focused on the anaerobic and denitrifying bacteria. It seems that the primary lymphocytes isolated from peripheral blood are more sensitive than most other organ cell types in vitro; therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the cytotoxicity of PVC microplastic on human and fish blood lymphocytes as a useful ex vivo model for accelerated human toxicity studies. Using biochemical analyses, we showed human

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Alamgir, Wasim, and Hina Shan. "Bioaccumulation of Microplastics: From Environmental Pollutants to Multisystemic Toxicity in Humans." Life and Science 6, no. 2 (2025): 02. https://doi.org/10.37185/lns.1.1.946.

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Plastic products are ubiquitous, and their tendency to break down into smaller pieces has led to their extensivedistribution through oceans, terrestrial environments, and atmospheric winds. Microplastics are plasticparticles ranging in size from 5 millimeters to 1 micrometre, while nanoplastics are smaller, typically measuringunder 1,000 nanometres. The continuous shredding of larger plastic debris into smaller pieces has resulted insignificant and persistent environmental pollution. The projected rise in microplastics as contaminants due totheir widespread presence across ecosystems and livin

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Kim, Bogyeong, Namyeon Kim, and Eun-Hee Lee. "Adsorption Behavior of Microplastics as a Carrier of Various Contaminants and Their Ecotoxicity in Aquatic Environment." Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers 45, no. 11 (2023): 528–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4491/ksee.2023.45.11.528.

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Objectives : Microplastics are released into the aquatic environment through multiple pathways including runoff, atmospheric sedimentation, aquaculture, and fishing and pose a hazard to organisms. Public concerns regarding microplastics are raising as microplastic pollution increases. A lot of studies have been evaluated the behavior of microplastics in the environment, suggesting that microplastics remain a prolonged period in the environment due to their persistence and can interact with other contaminants. Microplastics as carriers of coexisting contaminants may pose a more severe toxicity

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Zahradeen, Nasir Nabila, and Usman Bawa. "Toxicological consequences of microplastics pollution on aquatic Li Ving organisms: a review." Dutse Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences 10, no. 2c (2024): 25–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/dujopas.v10i2c.3.

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Plastics are used all around the world and so often that their pollution is becoming a concern. The global demand on microplastics has increased because plastics have light weight and low production cost. Microplastics affect the aquatic environment; aquatic organisms and subsequently through food web bioaccumulation human beings. This study review the scientific literature on the current trend of toxicological consequences of micro plastics, sources of micro plastics, their toxicity to different aquatic organisms. Microplastics cause toxicity to humans through accumulation which includes heal

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Wardak, Karima, and Mohammad Dawod Shirzad. "Effects of Microplastics on Aquatic Animals: A Case Study on Daphnia." Journal of Natural Science Review 3, no. 2 (2025): 108–22. https://doi.org/10.62810/jnsr.v3i2.184.

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Plastic is one of the most significant technological products of the twentieth century. Its environmental impact includes the release and accumulation of toxins and contaminants, as well as endocrine disruption in aquatic organisms. Microplastics, in particular, are increasingly present in freshwater ecosystems; however, their specific effects on small aquatic organisms, such as Daphnia, remain poorly understood. In this study, various types of virgin plastics (HDPE, LDPE, LLDPE, PA6, PA6.6, PVC (rigid and flexible), PP, PS, TPU) were obtained from Hi-Tech Polymer Products in Ludhiana. These p

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He, Donghui, Keith Bristow, Vilim Filipović, Jialong Lv, and Hailong He. "Microplastics in Terrestrial Ecosystems: A Scientometric Analysis." Sustainability 12, no. 20 (2020): 8739. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12208739.

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Microplastics, as an emerging contaminant, have been shown to threaten the sustainability of ecosystems, and there is also concern about human exposure, as microplastic particles tend to bioaccumulate and biomagnify through the food chain. While microplastics in marine environments have been extensively studied, research on microplastics in terrestrial ecosystems is just starting to gain momentum. In this paper, we used scientometric analysis to understand the current status of microplastic research in terrestrial systems. The global scientific literature on microplastics in terrestrial ecosys

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Uddin, Saif, Montaha Behbehani, Nazima Habibi, Scott W. Fowler, Hanan A. Al-Sarawi, and Carlos Alonso-Hernandez. "Microplastics Residence Time in Marine Copepods: An Experimental Study." Sustainability 15, no. 20 (2023): 14970. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su152014970.

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Microplastics are ubiquitous in aquatic environments, and in most marine environments, copepods are the main metazoans. The ingestion of microplastics by zooplankton is linked to various stresses, including oxidative stress, reduced reproductive capacities, and even mortality in nauplii. Microplastics are also reported to serve as vectors for hydrophobic contaminants. Our experimental results highlight that the retention and contact time of microplastics in copepods is quite short. The experimental results show that Parvocalanus crassirostis and Acartia pacifica defecated 75–84% and 61–71% of

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Swain, Prajna Ritambhara, Pranaya Kumar Parida, Priti Jyoti Majhi, Bijay Kumar Behera, and Basanta Kumar Das. "Microplastics as Emerging Contaminants: Challenges in Inland Aquatic Food Web." Water 17, no. 2 (2025): 201. https://doi.org/10.3390/w17020201.

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Microplastic (MP) pollution in inland water bodies, such as rivers, lakes, and reservoirs, is a growing environmental concern, yet research on its ecological impacts in freshwater ecosystems remains limited compared to marine environments. Microplastics, defined as particles smaller than 5 mm, have been detected in freshwater systems globally, and their presence is widespread across diverse aquatic habitats. This review examines the sources, distribution, persistence, and ecological consequences of microplastics in freshwater ecosystems, emphasizing their bioaccumulation in organisms from plan

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Bacchetta, Renato, Anna Winkler, Nadia Santo, and Paolo Tremolada. "The Toxicity of Polyester Fibers in Xenopuslaevis." Water 13, no. 23 (2021): 3446. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13233446.

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Microplastics are practically ubiquitous and pose a serious survival challenge for many species. Most of the exposure experiments for determining the toxicological effects of microplastics were performed with a microplastic varying little in shape and size (often purchased microplastic beads), but few studies deal with non-homogeneous samples. We analyzed the effect on Xenopuslaevis larva on the early development of polyester fibers, PEFs, taken from a dryer machine in which 100% polyester fabrics were dried after washing. Three concentrations were tested. The results showed that the gastroint

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Zhu, Zhengyi, Lijuan Sun, Qin Qin, et al. "The Adsorption Process and Mechanism of Benzo[a]pyrene in Agricultural Soil Mediated by Microplastics." Toxics 12, no. 12 (2024): 922. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics12120922.

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The coexistence of microplastics and benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) in the environment, and their interactions within agricultural soils in particular, have garnered widespread attention. This study focused on the early-stage interactions between microplastics and BaP, aiming to uncover their initial adsorption mechanisms. Despite the significant environmental toxicity of both pollutants, research on their mutual interactions in soil is still limited. This study conducted adsorption thermodynamics and kinetics experiments to explore the effects and mechanisms of various microplastics (polyethylene (PE),

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Yap, How Swen, and Nur Adeela Yasid. "The Microplastics in the Marine Environment: Origin, Hazardous Effects and Possible Biological Solutions: A Review." Journal of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology 11, no. 2 (2023): 41–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.54987/jobimb.v11i2.852.

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This review explores the escalating issue of marine microplastic pollution, a consequence of the extensive use of high molecular weight polymers in various industries. It delves into the origins, types, and environmental impacts of microplastics, particularly focusing on primary and secondary forms found in marine ecosystems. The study highlights the significant role of microplastics in global plastic production and their contribution to marine pollution, exacerbated by poor waste management and environmental factors. The review also examines the ecotoxicological effects of microplastics on ma

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Ayush, Purevdash Tsend, Je-Hyeon Ko, and Hyun-Suk Oh. "Characteristics of Initial Attachment and Biofilm Formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa on Microplastic Surfaces." Applied Sciences 12, no. 10 (2022): 5245. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12105245.

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The toxic effect of microplastics on living organisms is emerging as a serious environmental issue nowadays. The biofilm formed on their surface by microorganisms can further increase the toxicity, but the mechanism of biofilm formation on microplastics is not yet fully understood because of the complexities of other factors. This study aimed to identify the factors with an important influence on biofilm formation on microplastic surfaces. The microtiter plate assay was used to evaluate the biofilms formed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1, a model microorganism, on four types of microplastics, i

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Lim, Chaehwi, Namgyu Kim, Junho Lee, and Yeojoon Yoon. "Potential of Adsorption of Diverse Environmental Contaminants onto Microplastics." Water 14, no. 24 (2022): 4086. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14244086.

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Microplastics are regarded as vectors of hazardous contaminants due to their ability to adsorb xenobiotic chemicals. This has led to increased interest in the risk of previously neglected microplastic contaminants in the aquatic environment. Here, we assessed the possibility of transferring chemical contaminants to microplastics by evaluating the adsorption performance of (in)organic pollutants on various types of microplastics (polystyrene, PS; polyethylene terephthalate, PET; high-density polyethylene, HDPE; and low-density polyethylene, LDPE;). Considering the toxicity and polarity of each

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Ermolin, M. S. "Assessment of microplastic content in natural waters and sediments: sampling and sample preparation." Zhurnal Analiticheskoi Khimii 79, no. 5 (2024): 440–64. https://doi.org/10.31857/s0044450224050039.

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Aquatic ecosystems are the primary reservoir for microplastics entering the environment. Assessing the content of microplastics in natural waters and sediments is a critical task necessary for evaluating the pollution levels of water bodies, identifying sources of pollution, and assessing potential risks to aquatic life. To date, there is no universal analytical approach for extracting microplastics from natural waters and sediments for subsequent identification. This review summarizes information on methods of microplastic sampling from natural waters and sediments and methods of sample prepa

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KALWANT-SINGH, Raveena-Kaur, Chen Lin SOO, and Cheng Ann CHEN. "Microplastics Contamination in Wild Fish Caught from Urbanised Sepanggar River of Kota Kinabalu, Sabah." Journal of Tropical Biology & Conservation (JTBC) 22 (April 9, 2025): 1–19. https://doi.org/10.51200/jtbc.v22i.5188.

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Urban areas with high populations generate high levels of plastic waste from human activities, entering and raising microplastic levels in riverine systems. Microplastic contamination in rivers poses serious risks to fish through ingestion, toxicity, and bioaccumulation. Nevertheless, the paucity of previous studies on fish microplastic pollution in Sabah, Malaysia highlights the knowledge gaps in this area. Thus, this study aimed to assess microplastic pollution in fish from the urbanised Sepanggar River in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah. A total of 39 fish were caught from the river using gill nets (2

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Prapanchan, Venkatraman Nagarani, Erraiyan Kumar, Thirumalaisamy Subramani, Udayakumar Sathya, and Peiyue Li. "A Global Perspective on Microplastic Occurrence in Sediments and Water with a Special Focus on Sources, Analytical Techniques, Health Risks, and Remediation Technologies." Water 15, no. 11 (2023): 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15111987.

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Microplastics have become so pervasive that they seem to be present all around us due to the significant environmental threat they pose. Microplastic pollutants have become an issue as global plastic manufacturing has increased. Microplastics are plastic wastes with particulates less than 5 mm in size that are absorbed by sediment, water, the atmosphere, and living beings before affecting health. Moreover, there is a shortage of knowledge on the distribution, sources, toxic effects, analytical techniques, and removal technologies of microplastics. This review examines the distribution and glob

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Sharda, Neetu, Jyoti Antil, Sonal Yadav, Prashant Tripathi, Mridul Lamba, and Naveen Kumar. "Microplastics and biodiversity: A comprehensive analysis of their ecological impact." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 20, RAAEALSES-2024 (2024): 78–94. https://doi.org/10.15740/has/ijas/20/raaealses-2024/78-94.

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Microplastics, defined as plastic particles less than 5mm in diameter, have become a pervasive environmental contaminant with significant repercussions for biodiversity and ecosystem health. This review examines the impact of microplastics across marine, freshwater, and terrestrial ecosystems, highlighting their effects on animals, plants, and other forms of biodiversity. The ingestion of microplastics by a diverse range of organisms, from plankton to terrestrial wildlife, poses physical and chemical threats, including digestive blockages, toxicity from adsorbed pollutants, and altered behavio

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Zubir, Arina Azmina Ahmad. "The impact of microplastic pollution on health." Environmental and Toxicology Management 4, no. 2 (2025): 1–6. https://doi.org/10.33086/etm.v4i2.6962.

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Air pollution is an increasingly pressing global issue that has serious impacts on health. The presence of microplastics has polluted almost all ecosystems on earth. Microplastics measuring less than 5 mm can enter the body through the digestive tract, respiration, or contact with the skin. The impacts that can be caused by microplastic pollution include digestive disorders, immune reactions, and accumulation of toxicity in the body which can cause long-term health problems. Some steps that can be taken to avoid microplastic pollution are replacing disposable containers with reusable container

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Yang, Jian, Hongxia Li, Wei Ling, Yifei Li, Kangkang Zhang, and Pu Zhang. "Sources, Status, and Potential Risks of Microplastics in Marine Organisms of the Bohai Sea: A Systematic Review." Toxics 13, no. 5 (2025): 400. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics13050400.

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This study focused on microplastic pollution in the Bohai Sea, employing bibliometric analysis and meta-integration methods to systematically analyze its pollution characteristics and ecological risks. The results indicated that microplastics primarily originated from land-based inputs (62%) and marine activities (23%). Microplastic concentrations in the Bohai Sea’s coastal areas were significantly higher than in deep waters, and the abundance of microplastics in aquaculture sediments was three to five times that in non-aquaculture areas. Bioaccumulation demonstrated a significant trophic magn

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Mohd Maulana, Nur Syafiqah, Muhammad Shiddiq Zulkifli, Aina Arifah Khalid, et al. "Revealing Microplastic Contamination in Mangrove Sediments from Setiu Wetlands, Malaysia." Indonesian Journal of Chemistry 25, no. 2 (2025): 520. https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.100813.

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Mangrove ecosystems are vital for biodiversity conservation and coastal protection, serving as significant sinks for microplastics by trapping debris from both land and marine sources. This study investigates microplastic contamination in the mangrove sediments of Setiu Wetlands, Terengganu, a biodiversity hotspot with a unique landscape. Results revealed a concerning abundance of 2292 microplastic particles/kg of dry-weight sediment, with a high proportion of small-sized microplastics (< 1 mm). Areas influenced by aquacultural activities displayed the highest abundance, highlighting the co

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Wang, Yaochun, Guohao Liu, Yixia Wang, et al. "The Global Trend of Microplastic Research in Freshwater Ecosystems." Toxics 11, no. 6 (2023): 539. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics11060539.

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The study of microplastics and their impact on aquatic ecosystems has received increasing attention in recent years. Drawing from an analysis of 814 papers related to microplastics published between 2013 and 2022 in the Web of Science Core Repository, this paper explores trends, focal points, and national collaborations in freshwater microplastics research, providing valuable insights for future studies. The findings reveal three distinct stages of microplastics: nascent development (2013–2015), slow rise (2016–2018), and rapid development (2019–2022). Over time, the focus of research has shif

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Jeyavani, Jeyaraj, Ashokkumar Sibiya, Thambusamy Stalin, et al. "Biochemical, Genotoxic and Histological Implications of Polypropylene Microplastics on Freshwater Fish Oreochromis mossambicus: An Aquatic Eco-Toxicological Assessment." Toxics 11, no. 3 (2023): 282. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics11030282.

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In recent years, polypropylene microplastic has persisted in freshwater ecosystems and biota, forming ever-growing threats. This research aimed to prepare polypropylene microplastics and evaluate their toxicity to the filter feeder Oreochromis mossambicus. In this research, fish were given a dietary supplement of polypropylene microplastics at 100, 500, and 1000 mg/kg for acute (96 h) and sub-acute (14 days) durations to assess toxic effects on liver tissues. FTIR results revealed the presence of polypropylene microplastic in their digestion matter. The ingestion of microplastics in O. mossamb

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Roman, Jakub, Daniel Gondko, Patrycja Dębiec, and Nikodem Pietrzak. "The Hidden Health Crisis: Microplastics and Their Medical Consequences." Journal of Education, Health and Sport 72 (May 31, 2024): 51690. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/jehs.2024.72.51690.

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Introduction and Purpose: Microplastics, ubiquitous environmental contaminants, are increasingly recognized for their potential to impact human health. This review aims to consolidate existing knowledge on the pathways through which microplastics interact with biological systems and to elucidate their health implications. State of Knowledge: Microplastics are pervasive in various environments, from aquatic to terrestrial ecosystems, and they eventually enter the human body via ingestion, inhalation, or dermal absorption. Studies have suggested that microplastics carry toxic substances, such as

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Shukhairi, Sarah Syazwani, Nurzafirah Mazlan, Miftahul Jannah Muhammad Husin, et al. "Microplastics Isolated from Saltwater Clam Paratapes undulatus from Wet Market at Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia." Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences 20, no. 1 (2024): 89–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/mjfas.v20n1.2893.

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Plastic waste has become a serious environmental threat because of large scale demand and poor disposal methods. Microplastics, defined defined as plastic waste with a diameter spanning from 5 mm to 1 μm, may easily enter the ocean and cumulatively ingested by marine life, which will eventually be consumed by humans. The goal of this study is to determine the types of microplastic that can be found in the saltwater clam Paratapes undulatus collected in Kuala Selangor, a fishery hub in Peninsular Malaysia. A total of 30 P. undulatus samples were collected and the soft tissue inside was dissecte

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New, Wei Xuen, Risky Ayu Kristanti, Helena Manik, Yureana Wijayanti, and Daniel A. Adeyemi. "Occurrence of Microplastics in Drinking Water in South East Asia: A Short Review." Tropical Environment, Biology, and Technology 1, no. 1 (2023): 14–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.53623/tebt.v1i1.221.

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This study reviews the levels and sources of microplastics in drinking water in Southeast Asia, assessing potential risks to human health and the environment, evaluating water treatment processes, and identifying remediation strategies to reduce microplastic pollution. Southeast Asia is home to nine of the ten most plastic-polluted rivers in the world, discharging vast amounts of plastic waste into the sea, causing adverse effects on marine biodiversity and ecosystems. Microplastics have become a global environmental issue and are found in various sources of drinking water, including tap water

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Avinash, G. P., s. Karthick Raja Namasivayam, and R. S. Arvind Bharani. "A critical review on occurrence, distribution, environmental impacts and biodegradation of microplastics." Journal of Environmental Biology 44, no. 5 (2023): 655–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.22438/jeb/44/5/mrn-5099.

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Microplastics are small plastic particles (<5mm) linked by hydrocarbon atoms. Microplastics are of two types: primary microplastics, which are inadvertently released into the ecosystem as microbeads, plastic pellets and plastic fibres and secondary microplastics, derived from primary microplastics, when macroplastics get decomposed in the presence of UV light or weathering. Sources of contamination by microplastics can be classified as Terrestrial sources and Aquatic Sources. Microplastics are widespread in diverse ecosystems and are spread in different parts of the world, like India, China

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Reza, Taskeen, Zahratul Huda Mohamad Riza, Siti Rozaimah Sheikh Abdullah, Hassimi Abu Hasan, Nur ‘Izzati Ismail, and Ahmad Razi Othman. "Microplastic Removal in Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTPs) by Natural Coagulation: A Literature Review." Toxics 12, no. 1 (2023): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics12010012.

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Urban industrialization has caused a ubiquity of microplastics in the environment. A large percentage of plastic waste originated from Southeast Asian countries. Microplastics arising from the primary sources of personal care items and industrial uses and the fragmentation of larger plastics have recently garnered attention due to their ubiquity. Due to the rising level of plastic waste in the environment, the bioaccumulation and biomagnification of plastics threaten aquatic and human life. Wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluents are one of the major sources of these plastic fragments. WWT

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Chaukura, Nhamo, Kebede K. Kefeni, Innocent Chikurunhe, et al. "Microplastics in the Aquatic Environment—The Occurrence, Sources, Ecological Impacts, Fate, and Remediation Challenges." Pollutants 1, no. 2 (2021): 95–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pollutants1020009.

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Microplastics are discharged into the environment through human activities and are persistent in the environment. With the prevalent use of plastic-based personal protective equipment in the prevention of the spread of the COVID-19 virus, the concentration of microplastics in the environment is envisaged to increase. Potential ecological and health risks emanate from their potential to adsorb and transport toxic chemicals, and ease of absorption into the cells of living organisms and interfering with physiological processes. This review (1) discusses sources and pathways through which micropla

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