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Academic literature on the topic 'Micropolluants – Modèles mathématiques'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Micropolluants – Modèles mathématiques"
Cloutier, Frédéric. "Modélisation du comportement des micropolluants dans une station d'épuration." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/23204.
Full textFallou, Hélène. "Adsorption sur des tissus de carbone activé de micropolluants émergents à l'état de traces dans les eaux : Traitements multi-échelles et modélisation." Rennes, Ecole nationale supérieure de chimie, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENCR0027.
Full textNowadays, several studies have shown the occurrence of emerging pollutants into aquatic compartments. These compounds are not totally removed using conventional treatments. Adsorption processes are promising to remove these undesirable polluants. The first part of our study focuses on the determination of adsorption kinetics and isotherms of 9 compounds, onto activated carbon fiber cloths (ACFC). These experiments were carried out using batch reactors under synthetic and environmental conditions (i. E. Initial concentrations of 1 μg. L-1 and in the presence of natural organic matter). Competitions of adsorption with natural organic matter were especially critical at trace concentrations (decrease between 30 and 95 % of the adsorption capacities at equilibrium concentration of 1 μg. L-1, with 2 mgC. L-1). The competition with the organic matter led to a large decrease of the surface diffusivity. Then, the second part is dedicated to the efficiency of the adsorption process using a fixed-bed of ACFC. Breakthrough curves were experimentally determined and simulated using fundamental parameters obtained from batch-scale experiments. An adsorption pilot, with a flow of 50 L. H-1, was carried out to treat polluted waters (C0 = 1μg. L-1). This pilot is used to study a chronical pollution removal. Various operating conditions were tested and their influence was evaluated: the type of water (tap water, surface water with different contents of natural organic matter), the velocity of the liquid phase through the filter, and the type of ACFC. Adsorption capacities are impacted by the dynamic conditions and the potential development of a biofilm on the surface of material
Dudamel, Wilmer. "Modélisation et simulation de l'influence de la température lors de l'adsorption de micropolluants organiques par du charbon actif dans les eaux naturelles." Rennes 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005REN1S024.
Full textNaghi, Fadi El. "Contribution à l'étude de la pollution par micropolluants (atrazine, benzène) de la nappe de la craie dans le nord de la France : évaluation du risque de pollution des captages d'eau potable d'Étaples et de Blendecques (Pas de Calais)." Lille 1, 2006. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2006/50376_2006_276.pdf.
Full textA partir des résultats précédents et les caractéristiques du site d'Etaples qui présente une contamination en atrazine par utilisation plutôt urbaine qu'agricole, on a estimé les quantités probablement utilisées en se basant sur l'avis des experts ainsi que sur la bibliographie. Un modèle du bassin versant d'Etaples a ainsi été créé. En raison des limites du logiciel MODFLOW qui ne traite pas des problèmes de migration des pesticides, une approche inverse des phénomènes a été utilisée. Il parait de cette recherche que les modèles hydrodynamiques de nappe sont insuffisants pour simuler correctement le comportement de l 'atrazine dans son cheminement du sol vers la nappe, puis au sein de la nappe. Par approches numériques mettant en jeu une modélisation par Réseau de Neurones Artificielles (RNA) puis par correction graphique des résultats, on a pu mettre en évidence le phénomène de dégradation d'une grande partie de l'atrazine épandue, puis l'entraÎnement par lessivage en des pomts singuliers d'infiltration. La migration est donc rapide par cheminement dans le réseau de fissures de la craie à l'occasion de saturation temporaire de celui-ci. D'autre part, une étude de vulnérabilité de la nappe de la craie du bassin versant de l'Aa (Audomarois) est proposée pour des pollutions ponctuelles par un micropolluant type hydrocarbure (le Benzène), dans le but d 'aboutir à une optimisation de la protection des captages du SIDEN France et de la communaUlé d 'agglomération de Sain/-Omer à Blendecques
Zhang, Yuan. "Modélisation de la dynamique des micropolluants organiques pendant le compostage : Application pour le recyclage de déchets en France et la bioremédiation d'un sol pollué en Chine." Phd thesis, AgroParisTech, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00780958.
Full textLesage, Geoffroy. "Etude de l’élimination de substances aromatiques dangereuses dans un procédé couplant adsorption et biodégradation." Toulouse, INSA, 2009. http://eprint.insa-toulouse.fr/archive/00000340/.
Full textOne of the main challenges currently facing environmental conservation is to reduce the discharge of organic micropollutants from industrial liquid outflows. Biological aerobic treatment is the most commonly used treatment, but conventional systems were not conceived with the idea of eliminating micropollutants, these molecules not necessarily being biodegraded. Among the selected substances, the least volatile molecules are also the most hydrophobic (PAHs) and tend to be absorbed mostly on suspended solids or sludge. Conversely, the less hydrophobic but highly volatile molecules, such as BTEX, have a strong tendency to be transferred into the atmosphere during the aeration phase. In the project ANR HYBIOX « hybrid biological practices for improving the breakdown of xenobiotics », hybrid bioreactors based on the addition of mobile and absorbent surfaces in the activated sludge processes are evaluated, so as to better pinpoint these pollutants and to allow flocs and biofilms to co-exist within the same reactor. The coupling of physicochemical and biological phenomena was studied in an SBR. Modelling these phenomena allows us to test hypotheses, predict the optimal operating conditions for stopping a process, and helps with the interpretation of the results. We drew on a model of adsorption on heterogeneous surfaces, developed under Matlab®, and on a model integrating the coupling of phenomena, developed under Aquasim®. The simulations carried out correspond with the experimental results and allow us to conclude that the abiotic elimination mechanisms play a very important role in the “purification results” of the biological aerobic treatment process. Over the course of the treatment, the transfer of BTEX from the liquid phase to the gas compartment was significant (>99% in two hours) and the quantities of PAHs detected in the solid fraction were considerable. The hybrid reactor presents a number of advantages over a classic biological process. On the one hand, the addition of activated carbon grains in the activated sludge process allows us to pinpoint the targeted pollutants and increase their residence time within the process. On the other hand, to reduce their concentration to a non-inhibitory level (if this is the case), and finally to allow the absorption of variations in charge which are common in industrial outflow. For more volatile and less hydrophobic molecules (ex : BTEX), the addition of absorbent particles and the analysis of operational modes which minimize the transfer in the gas phase are the predominant points. We will therefore have to evaluate with which dynamic the adsorbent can bioregenerate in the system
Schmitt, Noëlle. "Caractérisation des systèmes hybrides pour le traitement des eaux pluviales : mitigation des substances prioritaires et émergentes." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAD014/document.
Full textThis work deals with the treatment of effluents from a small urban residential catchment area drained by a separate sewer network. The treatment is made with a sedimentation pond and a constructed wetland. Instrumentation and samplings enable hydrodynamic and physic-chemical monitoring. Results show that the system deeply contributes to reduction of pollution before discharge into receiving water. The pollutant loads are reduced between 70 and 100% for all pollutants (except BOD5 and nutrients, between 4 and 100%). The sedimentation pond plays an essential role in eliminating pollutants in particulate phase, more specifically PAHs (100%). The constructed wetland treat pollutants in particulate phase that are not retained by the pond, but also pollutants in dissolved phase (nutrients, organic matter, metals and pesticides)