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Journal articles on the topic 'Microstructure'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Suzuki, Asuka, Yusuke Sasa, Makoto Kobashi, et al. "Persistent Homology Analysis of the Microstructure of Laser-Powder-Bed-Fused Al–12Si Alloy." Materials 16, no. 22 (2023): 7228. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16227228.

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The laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) process provides the cellular microstructure (primary α phase surrounded by a eutectic Si network) inside hypo-eutectic Al–Si alloys. The microstructure changes to the particle-dispersed microstructure with heat treatments at around 500 °C. The microstructural change leads to a significant reduction in the tensile strength. However, the microstructural descriptors representing the cellular and particle-dispersed microstructures have not been established, resulting in difficulty in terms of discussion regarding the structure–property relationship. In this stu

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Sidor, Jurij J. "Quantitative Indicators of Microstructure and Texture Heterogeneity in Polycrystalline System." Materials 17, no. 24 (2024): 6057. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17246057.

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The microstructural features of polycrystals determine numerous properties, whereas the evolution of crystallographic texture is responsible for the anisotropy of particular properties. Therefore, it is of crucial importance to find proper quantitative indicators, which reflect the nature of microstructure and texture characteristics. This is partially performed by the assessment of the average grain size and texture intensity that provide basic information on the microstructural features evolved; however, often, the basic quantitative indicators are not capable of revealing the complete micro

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3

Zeng, Qiu Lian, Zhong Guang Wang, and J. K. Shang. "Microstructural Effects on Low Cycle Fatigue of Sn-3.8Ag-0.7Cu Pb-Free Solder." Key Engineering Materials 345-346 (August 2007): 239–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.345-346.239.

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Low cycle fatigue behavior of Sn-3.8Ag-0.7Cu solder was investigated under fully reversed cyclic loading, with particular emphasis on microstructural effects. The LCF behavior of the solder with equiaxed microstructure was found to differ greatly from that of the solder with a dendrite microstructure. At a given total strain amplitude, the dendrite microstructure exhibited a much longer fatigue life than the equiaxed microstructure. Such a strong microstructural effect on fatigue life arose from the difference in cyclic deformation and fracture mechanisms between the two microstructures. A lar

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4

Trzciński, Jerzy, and Emilia Wójcik. "Application of microstructure classification for the assessment of the variability of geological-engineering and pore space properties in clay soils." Open Geosciences 11, no. 1 (2019): 236–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/geo-2019-0019.

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Abstract The performed investigations were focused on analysing the variability of geological-engineering properties in clay soils from central-eastern Europe with regard to microstructures. Thirty-nine soils differing in origin, lithology and microstructure type were selected for analysis. Results of studies on lithological and physical and mechanical parameters were analysed, coupled with quantitative microstructural parameters based on microstructure images. The relationships between lithological, physical and mechanical and pore space parameters were determined with regard to microstructur

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5

Kumar, Swarup, Asif Uzzaman, Md Ibrahim Adam, and Sree Biddut Kumar. "A Comprehensive Review of Prospects and Challenges of Microstructure and Functional Properties of Materials." European Journal of Theoretical and Applied Sciences 3, no. 2 (2025): 356–70. https://doi.org/10.59324/ejtas.2025.3(2).31.

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This thorough analysis examines the opportunities and difficulties related to improving the microstructure and functional characteristics of materials. Phases, grain boundaries, dislocations, and other flaws are examples of the microstructure, which is an essential component in defining the functional properties of a material, such as its electrical conductivity, mechanical strength, thermal stability, and resistance to corrosion. The production of materials with improved performance for a range of applications has been made possible by improvements in materials processing methods, such as sev

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6

Swarup, Kumar, Uzzaman Asif, Ibrahim Adam Md, and Biddut Kumar Sree. "A Comprehensive Review of Prospects and Challenges of Microstructure and Functional Properties of Materials." European Journal of Theoretical and Applied Sciences 3, no. 2 (2025): 356–70. https://doi.org/10.59324/ejtas.2025.3(2).31.

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This thorough analysis examines the opportunities and difficulties related to improving the microstructure and functional characteristics of materials. Phases, grain boundaries, dislocations, and other flaws are examples of the microstructure, which is an essential component in defining the functional properties of a material, such as its electrical conductivity, mechanical strength, thermal stability, and resistance to corrosion. The production of materials with improved performance for a range of applications has been made possible by improvements in materials processing methods, such as sev

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7

Tian, Yan, Mingchun Zhao, Wenjian Liu, et al. "Comparison on Tensile Characteristics of Plain C–Mn Steel with Ultrafine Grained Ferrite/Cementite Microstructure and Coarse Grained Ferrite/Pearlite Microstructure." Materials 14, no. 9 (2021): 2309. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14092309.

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This work investigated the tensile characteristics of plain C–Mn steel with an ultrafine grained ferrite/cementite (UGF/C) microstructure and coarse-grained ferrite/pearlite (CGF/P) microstructure. The tensile tests were performed at temperatures between 77 K and 323 K. The lower yield and the ultimate tensile strengths were significantly increased when the microstructure was changed from the CGF/P to the UGF/C microstructures, but the total elongation and the uniform elongation decreased. A microstructural change from the CGF/P microstructure to the UGF/C microstructure had an influence on th

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8

Dolzhenko, Anastasiia, Marina Tikhonova, Rustam Kaibyshev, and Andrey Belyakov. "Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of Steels and Alloys Subjected to Large-Strain Cold-to-Warm Deformation." Metals 12, no. 3 (2022): 454. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met12030454.

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The effect of large-strain cold-to-warm deformation on the microstructures and mechanical properties of various steels and alloys is critically reviewed. The review is mainly focused on the microstructure evolution, whereas the deformation textures are cursorily considered without detailed examination. The deformation microstructures are considered in a wide strain range, from early straining to severe deformations. Such an approach offers a clearer view of how the deformation mechanisms affect the structural changes leading to the final microstructures evolved in large strains. The general re

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9

Hua, Tian, Ziyin Xiang, Xiangling Xia, et al. "A Sensitivity-Optimized Flexible Capacitive Pressure Sensor with Cylindrical Ladder Microstructural Dielectric Layers." Sensors 23, no. 9 (2023): 4323. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23094323.

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Flexible capacitive pressure sensors have attracted extensive attention due to their dynamic response and good sensing capability for static and small pressures. Using microstructural dielectric layers is an effective method for improving performance. However, the current state of microstructure design is primarily focused on basic shapes and is largely limited by simulation results; there is still a great deal of potential for further innovation and improvement. This paper innovatively proposes to increase the ladder structure based on the basic microstructures, for example, the long micro-ri

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10

Morri, A., L. Ceschini, M. Pellizzari, C. Menapace, F. Vettore, and E. Veneri. "Effect of the Austempering Process on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of 27MnCrB5-2 Steel." Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 62, no. 2 (2017): 643–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amm-2017-0094.

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AbstractThe effect of austempering parameters on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 27MnCrB5-2 steel has been investigated by means of: dilatometric, microstructural and fractographic analyses; tensile and Charpy V-notch (CVN) impact tests at room temperature and a low temperature.Microstructural analyses showed that upper bainite developed at a higher austempering temperature, while a mixed bainitic-martensitic microstructure formed at lower temperatures, with a different amount of bainite and martensite and a different size of bainite sheaf depending on the temperature. Tensile

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11

Müller, Martin, Marie Stiefel, Björn-Ivo Bachmann, Dominik Britz, and Frank Mücklich. "Overview: Machine Learning for Segmentation and Classification of Complex Steel Microstructures." Metals 14, no. 5 (2024): 553. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met14050553.

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The foundation of materials science and engineering is the establishment of process–microstructure–property links, which in turn form the basis for materials and process development and optimization. At the heart of this is the characterization and quantification of the material’s microstructure. To date, microstructure quantification has traditionally involved a human deciding what to measure and included labor-intensive manual evaluation. Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) offer exciting new approaches to microstructural quantification, especially c

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Abdalla, Ayad Omran, Astuty Amrin, Roslina Mohammad, and M. A. Azmah Hanim. "Microstructural Study of Newly Designed Ti-6Al-1Fe Alloy through Deformation." Solid State Phenomena 264 (September 2017): 54–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.264.54.

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Recently, iron (Fe) is introduced to substitute vanadium (V) in Ti-alloy. Therefore, new (α+β) titanium alloy, Ti-6Al-1Fe was designed through a complete replacement of V by Fe with major composition modifications of Ti-6Al-4V. This new alloy is believed could provide similar properties of Ti-6Al-4V through modification of its microstructures. Different heat treatments can lead to a diversity of microstructural permutations and combinations. Thus, it is very crucial to study in-depth understanding about the microstructure of Ti-6Al-1Fe. Results reveal that the microstructure of as-received all

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13

Gallardo-Basile, Francisco-José, Yannick Naunheim, Franz Roters, and Martin Diehl. "Lath Martensite Microstructure Modeling: A High-Resolution Crystal Plasticity Simulation Study." Materials 14, no. 3 (2021): 691. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14030691.

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Lath martensite is a complex hierarchical compound structure that forms during rapid cooling of carbon steels from the austenitic phase. At the smallest, i.e., ‘single crystal’ scale, individual, elongated domains, form the elemental microstructural building blocks: the name-giving laths. Several laths of nearly identical crystallographic orientation are grouped together to blocks, in which–depending on the exact material characteristics–clearly distinguishable subblocks might be observed. Several blocks with the same habit plane together form a packet of which typically three to four together

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14

Ren, Jianping, Jiangfeng Chen, Songjun Chen, and Zhiwei Zou. "Microstructure heredity and phase transition behaviour of DP780 high-strength steel plate." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2954, no. 1 (2025): 012117. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2954/1/012117.

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Abstract Duplex steel is highly regarded as a lightweight material for automotive structures due to its superior mechanical properties. In this study, the microstructural heritability and phase transformation behavior of DP780 high-strength steel plates were examined. The results demonstrated that the microstructures of hot-rolled plates were consistent across different orientations within the same section, while notable differences were observed between the edge and core regions. After cold rolling, the microstructure became elongated in the rolling direction, accompanied by a noticeable grai

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15

Ito, Tsutomu, and Takashi Mizuguchi. "Superplastic Elongation through Deformation Mechanism Transition during High-Temperature Deformation in Thermally Unstable Fine-Grained Aluminum Solid Solution Alloy." Key Engineering Materials 723 (December 2016): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.723.21.

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In this study, the superplastic behavior on a fine-grained aluminum solid solution alloy consisting of thermally unstable microstructures was investigated. In order to obtain the fine-grained microstructure, friction stir processing (FSP) was applied to a commercial 5083 aluminum alloy. An equiaxial fine-grained microstructure of 7.8 mm was obtained after FSP, but this microstructure was thermally unstable at high temperatures. Commonly, for fine-grained superplasticity to occur (or to continue grain boundary sliding (GBS)), it is necessary to keep the fine-grained microstructure to less than

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16

Weng, Yung-Jin, Jen-Ching Huang, Yueh-Yang Chen, Shao-Teng Hsu, and Zu-Rong Zhang. "A Study on the Dynamic Forming Mechanism Development of the Negative Poisson’s Ratio Elastomer Molds—Plate to Plate (P2P) Forming Process." Polymers 13, no. 19 (2021): 3255. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13193255.

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This study proposed a dynamic forming mechanism development of the negative Poisson’s ratio elastomer molds—plate to plate (P2P) forming process. To dynamically stretch molds and control the microstructural shape, the proposal is committed to using the NPR structure as a regulatory mechanism. The NPR structural and dynamic parallel NPR-molds to control microstructure mold-cores were simulated and analyzed. ANSYS and MATLAB were used to simulate and predict dynamic NPR embossing replication. The hot-embossing and UV-curing dynamic NPR P2P-forming systems are designed and developed for verificat

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17

Lannutti, J. J. "Characterization and Control of Compact Microstructure." MRS Bulletin 22, no. 12 (1997): 38–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s0883769400034734.

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The microstructure and properties of a ceramic component are largely predetermined by the processes and process controls used to manufacture them. The metric for success in manufacturing is often based on gross density. For example, optimizing pressure-density response, maximizing overall density, and minimizing springback and delaminations in powder pressing all focus on characterization and control of the overall (macroscopic) state of a powder compact. Unfortunately this focus on macroscopic effects has contributed to a general neglect of the compact at the microstructural level. Process-co

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18

Nolan, T. P., R. Sinclair, T. Yamashita, and R. Ranjan. "Correlation of micro-structural, micro-chemical and micro-magnetic properties of longitudinal recording media using CM20FEG Lorentz TEM." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 52 (1994): 892–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s042482010017219x.

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Cobalt alloy on chromium thin film magnetic media are used in industry computer hard disk drives because of their large values of coercivity (Hc), remanent magnetization (Mr), squareness (S*), and relatively low noise. The magnetic performance depends strongly on processing conditions and the resulting nanometer scale microstructure.A complete structure-processing-properties analysis requires effective measurement of magnetic and microstructural properties. To date, most structure-properties analyses have involved correlation of bulk magnetic (hysteresis loop) properties and magnetic recording

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19

Strobl, S., and R. Haubner. "Microstructures of iron meteorites." Practical Metallography 61, no. 9-10 (2024): 679–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pm-2024-0063.

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Abstract Meteorites originate from the early phase of our solar system and are wonderfully undefined and inhomogeneous. In terms of its composition and microstructure, one single meteorite has quite a few surprises in store. The iron meteorite microstructure depends essentially on the initial solidification of the melt in a larger asteroid or minor planet. The solidification process itself is a function of local element concentrations and the very slow cooling rate. Various collisions in space resulted in the fragmentation of the asteroids and the deformation of the microstructure. However, wh

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Han, Yuexing, Chuanbin Lai, Bing Wang, Tianyi Hu, Dongli Hu, and Hui Gu. "SEGMENTATION AND ANALYSIS METHOD FOR TWO-PHASE CERAMIC (HfB2-B4C) BASED ON THE DETECTION OF VIRTUAL BOUNDARIES." Image Analysis & Stereology 38, no. 1 (2019): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5566/ias.1992.

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Microstructure of a material stores the genesis of the material and shows various properties of the material. To efficiently analyse the microstructure of a material, the segmentation of different phases or constituents is an important step. However, in general, due to the microstructure’s complexity, most of segmentation is manually done by human experts. It is challenging to automatically segment the material phases and the microstructure. In this work, we propose a method which combines the the dilation operator, GLCM (gray-level co-occurrence matrix), Hough transform and DBSCAN (density-ba

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Li, Qinghua, Qingyu Guan, Yi Ji, Wenyang Xu, and Tiantian Xu. "Optimizing Dual-Microstructure Parameters in Ball-End Milling Tools: Synergistic Effects and Parameter Combination Analysis." Applied Sciences 15, no. 11 (2025): 6329. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15116329.

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To address the issues of high cutting speeds and low surface precision during milling, this study investigates the effects of front and back cutting face microstructures on ball-end milling cutters processing 304 stainless steel. Firstly, a theoretical energy model for front and back cutting face microstructures is established to verify the feasibility of embedding microstructures. Then, finite element analyses are conducted on cutters with varying microstructure parameters on front and back cutting faces to determine reasonable parameter ranges. Parameter combinations are subsequently used to

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Ding, Qingqing, Hongbin Bei, Xinbao Zhao, Yanfei Gao, and Ze Zhang. "Processing, Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of a Ni-Based Single Crystal Superalloy." Crystals 10, no. 7 (2020): 572. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst10070572.

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A second-generation Ni-based superalloy has been directionally solidified by using a Bridgman method, and the key processing steps have been investigated with a focus on their effects on microstructure evolution and mechanical properties. The as-grown microstructure is of a typical dendrite structure with microscopic elemental segregation during solidification. Based on the microstructural evidence and the measured phase transformation temperatures, a step-wise solution treatment procedure is designed to effectively eliminate the compositional and microstructural inhomogeneities. Consequently,

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Sachana, Suphattra, Kohei Morishita, and Hirofumi Miyahara. "Microstructural Examination of Molten Marks on Copper Wire for Fire Investigation." Forensic Sciences 3, no. 1 (2023): 12–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/forensicsci3010002.

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Fire investigators have attempted to study fire behaviors through microstructural examination of molten marks on copper wire. However, there have not been many studies on the metallurgical examination of real-world cases. This research examined the surface morphology and microstructure in the longitudinal section of molten marks on copper wire from various fire scenes to explain how they formed and identify the surrounding materials. The results show that the foreign elements discovered via EDS on the surface of molten marks vary depending on their environment. Molten mark microstructures diff

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Anisimov, Evgeniy, Jan Manak, Maxim Puchnin, and Pavel Sachr. "The Effect of Microstructural Features on Mechanical Properties." Key Engineering Materials 606 (March 2014): 47–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.606.47.

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Every material is structured in its unique way and has its own recognizable microstructure. There are a number of approaches in establishing the relationship between mechanical properties and microstructure of a material, but none of them is universal and correlation free, probably because of luck of attention to the sub-grain structure. The possibility of calculating the hardness number using only geometric sizes of microstructural formations is discussed in this paper, where the grain is meant to be a container of the two most frequently occurred shapes in the microstructures globula and lam

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Zengin, Hüseyin, Andrei Ionut Mardare, Andreas Greul, et al. "Insights into the Corrosion Behavior of Pure Magnesium and Magnesium–Calcium Alloy (Mg-1.8 at.% Ca) in Thin-Film and Bulk Forms." Materials 18, no. 7 (2025): 1416. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18071416.

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This study investigates the microstructural and corrosion properties of pure magnesium (Mg) and Mg-1.8Ca (at.%) alloy in both bulk and thin-film forms. Microstructure investigations showed that the addition of calcium (Ca) to Mg resulted in significant differences in microstructures. The bulk pure Mg exhibited coarse and elongated α-Mg grains, which were refined by Ca addition, together with the formation of a Mg2Ca intermetallic phase distributed throughout the microstructure. In contrast, thin-film Mg-1.8Ca alloys displayed a refined single-phase microstructure with uniform nm-scale grains a

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Dong, Qin, Zhong Wei Yin, Hu Lin Li, Yang Mao, and Geng Yuan Gao. "3D Reconstruction of Microstructure for Centrifugal Casting Babbitt Lining of Bimetallic Bearing Based on Mimics." Key Engineering Materials 841 (May 2020): 94–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.841.94.

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Babbitt alloys are the most commonly used bearing materials for low speed diesel engines due to their excellent attributes. An understanding of microstructures in these alloys is important, especially quantifying microstructure in 3D. In this study, we used serial sectioning technique to reconstruct 3D microstructure of tin-based Babbitt lining of bimetallic bearing made by centrifugal casting based on medical software Mimics. The morphologies and volume fraction of hard phase particles and α-Sn matrix were obtained. The volume fraction of the reconstructed microstructures was verified by the

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Mossaab, Blaoui Mohammed, Mokhtar Zemri, and Mustapha Arab. "Effect of medium carbon steel microstructure on tensile strength and fatigue crack growth." International Journal of Structural Integrity 10, no. 1 (2019): 67–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijsi-05-2018-0030.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the effects of medium carbon steel microstructure on the tensile strength and fatigue crack growth (FCG) behavior. Design/methodology/approach To achieve this aim, four different heat treatment methods (normalizing, quenching, tempering at 300°C and tempering at 600°C) were considered. Microstructural evolution was investigated by scanning electron microscopy. FCG rate tests were conducted on the resultant microstructures with compact tension specimens at room temperature by a standard testing method. Findings The results show that the normalize

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Murr, L. E. "Microstructure-property hypermaps for shock-loaded materials." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 44 (August 1986): 416–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100143675.

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Residual deformation-induced metallurgical effects or structure (microstructure)-property relationships are now generally well documented to be the result of stress or strain-induced microstructures, or microstructural changes in polycrystalline metals and alloys. In many cases, strain hardening, work hardening, or other controlling deformation mechanisms can be described by the generation, movement, and interactions of dislocations and other crystal defects which produce drag, or a range of impedances, including obstacles to dislocation motion.

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Belan, Juraj, Alan Vaško, Lenka Kuchariková, and Eva Tillová. "Metallography Evaluation of Cast and Wrought Ni-Base Superalloys." Materials Science Forum 891 (March 2017): 414–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.891.414.

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. The Ni-base superalloys have an interesting history and evolution since they start to be used in aero jet engines. Microstructures of superalloys have dramatically changed through the years as modern technology of its casting or forging becomes more sophisticated. The first superalloys have polyedric microstructure consist of gamma solid solution, some fraction of gamma prime and of course grain boundaries. As demands on higher performance of aero jet engine increases, the changes in superalloys microstructure become more significant. Further step in microstructure evolution was directionall

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Basanta, David, Mark A. Miodownik, Elizabeth A. Holm, and Peter J. Bentley. "Evolving 3D Microstructures Using a Genetic Algorithm." Materials Science Forum 467-470 (October 2004): 1019–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.467-470.1019.

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We describe a general approach to obtaining 3D microstructures as input to computer simulations of materials properties. We introduce a program called MicroConstructor, that takes 2D micrographs and generates 3D discrete computer microstructures which are statistically equivalent in terms of the microstructural variables of interest. The basis of the code is a genetic algorithm that evolves the 3D microstructure so that its stereological parameters match the 2D data. Since this approach is not limited by scale it can be used to generate 3D initial multiscale microstructures. This algorithm wil

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James, R. D. "Microstructure of Shape-Memory and Magnetostrictive Materials." Applied Mechanics Reviews 43, no. 5S (1990): S189—S193. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3120802.

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Recent advances in the analysis of microstructure is providing models and methods for treating the kinds of optimization problems that arise in the study of microstructure. The main advance has been the development of theory and methods for treating the case in which arbitrary microstructures compete for the minimum (or maximum). This contrasts for example with micromechanics in which the geometry of the microstructure is assumed, or assumed up to the choice of a few parameters, and then the optimization or stress analysis is carried out under severe geometric restrictions. Micromechanics is e

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Sun, Dexin, Sen Lin, Yubo Wang, et al. "Study of Self-Locking Structure Based on Surface Microstructure of Dung Beetle Leg Joint." Biomimetics 9, no. 10 (2024): 622. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics9100622.

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Dung beetle leg joints exhibit a remarkable capacity to support substantial loads, which is a capability significantly influenced by their surface microstructure. The exploration of biomimetic designs inspired by the surface microstructure of these joints holds potential for the development of efficient self-locking structures. However, there is a notable absence of research focused on the surface microstructure of dung beetle leg joints. In this study, we investigated the structural characteristics of the surface microstructures present in dung beetle leg joints, identifying the presence of f

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Li, Luoyang, Marissa J. Betts, Hao Yun, et al. "Fibrous or Prismatic? A Comparison of the Lamello-Fibrillar Nacre in Early Cambrian and Modern Lophotrochozoans." Biology 12, no. 1 (2023): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology12010113.

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The Precambrian–Cambrian interval saw the first appearance of disparate modern metazoan phyla equipped with a wide array of mineralized exo- and endo-skeletons. However, the current knowledge of this remarkable metazoan skeletonization bio-event and its environmental interactions is limited because uncertainties have persisted in determining the mineralogy, microstructure, and hierarchical complexity of these earliest animal skeletons. This study characterizes in detail a previously poorly understood fibrous microstructure—the lamello-fibrillar (LF) nacre—in early Cambrian mollusk and hyolith

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Kovalčíková, Alexandra, Ján Balko, and Ján Dusza. "Influence of Microstructure on Tribological Properties and Nanohardness of Silicon Carbide Ceramics." Key Engineering Materials 662 (September 2015): 55–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.662.55.

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The influence of microstructural variations on the tribological properties and nanohardness of liquid phase sintered silicon carbide (LPS SiC) has been observed. In order to modify the microstructures samples were further heat treated at 1650°C and 1850°C for 5 hours to promote grain growth. The depth-sensing indentation tests of SiC materials were performed at several peak loads in the range 10-400 mN. The pin-on-flat dry sliding friction and wear experiments have been made on SiC ceramics in contact with Al2O3 ceramic ball at 10-50 N loads in an ambient environment. The nanohardness of sampl

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Kim, Young Ho, Jeong-Woo Sohn, Youngjae Woo, et al. "Preparation of Microstructure Molds of Montmorillonite/Polyethylene Glycol Diacrylate and Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube/Polyethylene Glycol Diacrylate Nanocomposites for Miniaturized Device Applications." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 15, no. 10 (2015): 7860–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2015.11224.

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Environmentally friendly microstructure molds with montmorillonite (MMT) or multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) reinforced polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA) nanocomposites have been prepared for miniaturized device applications. The micropatterning of MMT/PEGDA and MWCNT/PEGDA with 0.5 to 2.0 wt% of MMTs and MWCNTs was achieved through a UV curing process with micro-patterned masks. Hexagonal dot arrays and complex patterns for microstructures of the nanocomposites were produced and characterized with an optical microscope; their thermal properties were studied by thermogravimetric analy

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Rodriguez vargas, Bryan ramiro, Luciano Albini, Giulia Tiracorrendo, Riccardo Massi, Giulia Stornelli, and Andrea Di Schino. "EFFECT OF ULTRAFAST HEATING ON AISI 304 AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEEL." Acta Metallurgica Slovaca 29, no. 2 (2023): 104–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.36547/ams.29.2.1833.

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This study explores the effects of ultrafast heating on AISI 304 austenitic stainless steel. The research shows that ultrafast heating can lead to fine-grained mixed microstructures in steel, making it a potential alternative for modifying microstructure in stainless steel. The study demonstrates that a minimum temperature of 980 °C is required to achieve a fully recrystallized microstructure. The results also suggest that a lower temperature can result in a finer recrystallized grain size compared to higher temperature results. The study provides valuable insights into the impact of ultrafast

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Chen, Haisheng, Fang Hao, Shixing Huang та ін. "The Effects of Microstructure on the Dynamic Mechanical Response and Adiabatic Shearing Behaviors of a Near-α Ti-6Al-3Nb-2Zr-1Mo Alloy". Materials 16, № 4 (2023): 1406. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16041406.

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The formation and evolution of adiabatic shear behaviors, as well as the corresponding mechanical properties of a near-Ti-6Al-3Nb-2Zr-1Mo (Ti-6321) alloy during dynamic compression process, were systematically investigated by the split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) compression tests in this paper. Ti-6321 samples containing three types of microstructures, i.e., equiaxed microstructure, duplex microstructure and Widmanstätten microstructure, were prepared to investigate the relationship between microstructures and dynamic mechanical behaviors under different strain rates in a range from 1000 s−

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Fan, Fang-Yu, Hsin-Hua Chou, Wei-Chun Lin, et al. "Optimized Micro-Pattern Design and Fabrication of a Light Guide Plate Using Micro-Injection Molding." Polymers 13, no. 23 (2021): 4244. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13234244.

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This study examined the uniformity of illuminance field distributions of light guide plates (LGPs). First, the authors designed microstructural patterns on the surface of an LGP. Then, a mold of the LGP with the optimal microstructural design was fabricated by a photolithography method. Micro-injection molding (μIM) was used to manufacture the molded LGPs. μIM technology can simultaneously manufacture large-sized wedge-shaped LGPs and micro-scale microstructures. Finally, illuminance values of the field distributions of the LGPs with various microstructures were obtained through optical field

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Meng, Yi, Hui Min Zhou, Jia Lin Gan, and Sumio Sugiyama. "Microstructural Evolution of SKD11 Tool Steel during Multi-Stage Thixoforming and Subsequent Heat Treatments." Solid State Phenomena 285 (January 2019): 45–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.285.45.

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The application of semisolid forming (SSF) is inhibited significantly by the inhomogeneous distributions of microstructure and mechanical properties in the products manufactured by SSF. Beside of forming parameters including forming temperature, isothermal holding time, and forming speed, post heat treatments of SSF is one of the most important facts affecting the microstructure and mechanical properties of the SSF-manufactured products. In this study, heat treatments including annealing, quenching, and tempering different experimental conditions were conducted on the SKD11 tool steel samples

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Bryndza, Guillian, Jérôme Tchoufang Tchuindjang, Fan Chen, et al. "Review of the Microstructural Impact on Creep Mechanisms and Performance for Laser Powder Bed Fusion Inconel 718." Materials 18, no. 2 (2025): 276. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18020276.

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Inconel 718 (IN718) is a polycrystalline nickel-based superalloy and one of the most widely used materials in the aerospace industry owing to its excellent mechanical performances at high temperatures, including creep resistance. Interest in additively manufactured components in aerospace is greatly increasing due to their ability to reduce material consumption, to manufacture complex parts, and to produce out-of-equilibrium microstructures, which can be beneficial for mechanical behavior. IN718’s properties are, however, very sensitive to microstructural features, which strongly depend on the

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Zhang, Xinyu, Chuanwei Li, and Jianfeng Gu. "The Effect of Al Loss on the Microstructural Formation of TiAl Alloys Produced via Direct Laser Deposition." Metals 15, no. 4 (2025): 391. https://doi.org/10.3390/met15040391.

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Additive manufacturing is becoming a popular and effective process for lightweight high-temperature TiAl alloys, but there is a lack of understanding regarding the corresponding microstructural formation mechanisms. In this study, various Ti-47Al-2Cr-2Nb alloys were additively manufactured with different laser power values, and the related microstructures were carefully characterized. The results show that a convoluted microstructure, a nearly full α2/γ lamellar structure, and an α2/β Widmanstatten structure were obtained as the laser power was increased. Moreover, the Al content of the as-dep

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Santos, Dagoberto Brandão, Élida G. Neves, and Elena V. Pereloma. "Effect of Processing Route on Mechanical Behavior of C-Mn Multiphase High Strength Cold Rolled Steel." Materials Science Forum 539-543 (March 2007): 4375–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.539-543.4375.

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The multiphase steels have complex microstructures containing polygonal ferrite, martensite, bainite, carbide and a small amount of retained austenite. This microstructure provides these steels with a high mechanical strength and good ductility. Different thermal cycles were simulated in the laboratory in order to create the microstructures with improved mechanical properties. The samples were heated to various annealing temperatures (740, 760 or 780°C), held for 300 s, and then quickly cooled to 600 or 500°C, where they were soaked for another 300 s and then submitted to the accelerated cooli

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YEOM, JONG-TAEK, JEOUNG HAN KIM, JAE-KEUN HONG, NHO-KWANG PARK, and CHONG SOO LEE. "INFLUENCE OF INITIAL MICROSTRUCTURE ON HOT WORKABILITY OF Ti-6Al-4V ALLOY." International Journal of Modern Physics B 23, no. 06n07 (2009): 808–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979209060063.

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Hot workability of Ti -6 Al -4 V alloy with different initial microstructures was investigated by considering processing maps and the dynamic material deformation behavior. The emphasis has been focused on the effect of initial microstructure (equiaxed versus bimodal structure). Process maps were generated using the dynamic material model (DMM), unifying the relationships between constitutive deformation behavior, hot workability and microstructures evolution. Also, the flow instability was investigated using the various flow instability criteria and microstructural analysis. To establish the

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Sfikas, Athanasios K., Spyros Kamnis, Martin C. H. Tse, et al. "Microstructural Evaluation of Thermal-Sprayed CoCrFeMnNi0.8V High-Entropy Alloy Coatings." Coatings 13, no. 6 (2023): 1004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings13061004.

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The aim of this work is to improve the understanding of the effect of the cooling rate on the microstructure of high-entropy alloys, with a focus on high-entropy alloy coatings, by using a combined computational and experimental validation approach. CoCrFeMnNi0.8V coatings were deposited on a steel substrate with high velocity oxy-air-fuel spray with the employment of three different deposition temperatures. The microstructures of the coatings were studied and compared with the microstructure of the equivalent bulk high-entropy alloy fabricated by suction casting and powder fabricated by gas a

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Nguyen, Thao A., Tadashi Yogi, and Steven E. Lambert. "The effect of sputtering pressure on microstructure and recording performance of high-density magnetic recording media." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 48, no. 4 (1990): 770–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100176988.

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Understanding the magnetic properties of thin films applicable to high density recording requires detailed knowledge of the microstructure and microchemistry of the film. Interactions such as exchange and magnetostatic as well as anisotropies have been shown theoretically to influence the magnetic properties and recording characteristics of the media. These magnetic interactions and anisotropies are very sensitive to microstructure. This study reports the efTcct of sputtering pressure on the microstructurc and magnetic properties of thin CoPtCr films. The relation between the microstructural f

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Carter, Joseph G., and George R. Clark. "Classification and Phylogenetic Significance of Molluscan Shell Microstructure." Notes for a Short Course: Studies in Geology 13 (1985): 50–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0271164800001093.

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Like most classifications of molluscan shell microstructure published during the past 25 years (e.g., MacClintock, 1967; Kobayashi, 1964, 1971; Taylor, Kennedy and Hall, 1969, 1973; Grégoire, 1972a), the present one is based largely on Bøggild's (1930) monographic work, redefined from a modern perspective of combined light and scanning electron microscopy. However, this is the first attempt to integrate shell microstructure terminology for mollusks with that employed by students of bryozoan and brachiopod shell microstructure (e.g., Williams, 1968a,b, 1970, 1973; Williams and Wright, 1970; Arm

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Han, Dong, Yongqing Zhao, and Weidong Zeng. "Effect of Zr Addition on the Mechanical Properties and Superplasticity of a Forged SP700 Titanium Alloy." Materials 14, no. 4 (2021): 906. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14040906.

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The present study focuses on the effect of 1% Zr addition on the microstructure, tensile properties and superplasticity of a forged SP700 alloy. The results demonstrated that Zr has a significant effect on inhibiting the microstructural segregation and increasing the volume fraction of β-phase in the forged SP700 alloy. After annealing at 820 °C for 1 h and aging at 500 °C for 6 h, the SP700 alloy with 1% Zr showed a completely globular and fine microstructure. The yield strength, ultimate tensile strength and tensile elongation of the alloy with optimized microstructure were 1185 MPa, 1296 MP

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Vurobi, Selauco, Thiago Ferreira de Andrade, and Osvaldo Mitsuyuki Cintho. "Utilization of Color Metallography in Characterization of a Modified SAE 4118H Steel Submitted to Isothermal Treatments." Materials Science Forum 805 (September 2014): 242–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.805.242.

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A modified SAE 4118H steel was subjected to isothermal treatments between 700 °C and 400 oC every 50 °C range, with the intention of evaluating the decomposition of austenite at constant temperature. It was varied time of stay in the isothermal treatment between 15 and 28800 seconds depending on the treatment temperature. After each isothermal treatment and standard metallographic preparation, the samples were etched with color metallography reagents for revealing the microstructure obtained. At temperatures of 700oC to 550°C the steel showed microstructure composed of ferrite and pearlite. Be

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Tao, Xue Li, Kai Ming Wu, and Xiang Liang Wan. "Effect of Nb on Microstructure Evolution of Coarse-Grained Heat-Affected Zone with Large Heat Input Welding." Advanced Materials Research 284-286 (July 2011): 1174–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.284-286.1174.

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The effect of Nb microalloying on microstructure transformation of coarse-grained heat-affected zone of high strength low alloy steels were investigated utilizing different heat input welding simulation. For the low-Nb steel, the microstructures of coarse-grained heat-affected zone mainly consisted of acicular ferrite, bainite and grain boundary ferrite for small heat input welding; the amount of acicular ferrite decreased whereas grain boundary ferrite, polygonal ferrite and pearlite increased with increasing heat input. In constrast, for the high-Nb steel, granular bainite was the dominant m

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Mohideen, S. Rasool, Ahmad Zaidi Ahmad Mujahid, Abdullah Shohaimi, and S. Ravi. "Metallographic Investigation on the Effect of Cryogenic Temperature on Steel Weldments." Applied Mechanics and Materials 629 (October 2014): 456–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.629.456.

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Materials are subjected to low temperatures either intentionally as in the case of cryogenic fuels or non-intentionally as in the case of aerospace environment and are observed to undergo changes in their properties. Microstructural changes are the premier indications of changes in the properties of materials. This paper investigates the effect of cryogenic temperature on the microstructure of low alloy steel weldments. The weldments were subjected to liquid nitrogen temperature of 77K and the microstructures were analyzed using optical microscope and transmission electron Microscope. A distin

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