Academic literature on the topic 'Microtomography aux rayons X'
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Journal articles on the topic "Microtomography aux rayons X"
Chappard, Daniel, Jean-Daniel Kün-Darbois, and Philippe Mercier. "Utilisation de sels métalliques pour l’histologie 3D en microtomographie aux rayons X." Morphologie 101, no. 335 (December 2017): 253. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.morpho.2017.07.033.
Full textChappard, Daniel, Louis Rony, Vincent Steiger, Florian Ducellier, and Laurent Hubert. "Ostéonécrose aseptique de la hanche (ONA), aspects en microtomographie aux rayons-X (microCT) et histologie de têtes fémorales humaines." Morphologie 102, no. 338 (September 2018): 146. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.morpho.2018.07.111.
Full textSanglard, Paul-André. "Le microcrédit aux rayons X." Finance & Bien Commun 21, no. 1 (2005): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/fbc.021.0022.
Full textTesnière, M., and D. Morignot. "Une peluche aux rayons X." Annales françaises de médecine d'urgence 3, no. 5 (July 27, 2013): 322. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13341-013-0346-6.
Full textSchipper, Johanna. "Un roman graphique aux rayons X." Genesis, no. 43 (December 12, 2016): 103–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/genesis.1694.
Full textRouvière, François. "Transformation aux rayons X sur un espace symétrique." Comptes Rendus Mathematique 342, no. 1 (January 2006): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.crma.2005.10.032.
Full textSpring, W. "Sur la transparence des milieux troubles aux rayons X." Recueil des Travaux Chimiques des Pays-Bas et de la Belgique 21, no. 12 (September 3, 2010): 460–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/recl.19020211207.
Full textBoutin, Jean A., Zhuolun Li, Laurent Vuillard, and Catherine Vénien-Bryan. "La cryo-microscopie, une alternative à la cristallographie aux rayons X ?" médecine/sciences 32, no. 8-9 (August 2016): 758–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/medsci/20163208025.
Full textLaprie, Yves, Rudolph Sock, Béatrice Vaxelaire, and Benjamin Elie. "Comment faire parler les images aux rayons X du conduit vocal." SHS Web of Conferences 8 (2014): 1285–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20140801344.
Full textToishi, Kenzo. "CARACTÉRISTIQUES DES BOUDDHAS ORIENTAUX EN BRONZE: PHOTOGRAPHIE AUX RAYONS GAMMA." Museum International (Edition Francaise) 11, no. 4 (April 24, 2009): 258–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-5825.1958.tb00031.x.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Microtomography aux rayons X"
Lesseur, Julien. "Imagerie 3D des matériaux et modélisations numériques : application aux multi-matériaux ferroélectriques." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0178/document.
Full textThis thesis is focused on the conception of new tunable ferroelectric/dielectric compositematerials. Dielectric granules (MgO, TiO2) obtained by spray-drying are dispersed in a ferroelectricmatrix (Ba1-xSrxTiO3). Mixing powder is then densified by Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS). An originalapproach is developed in order to determine parameters linking the microstructure to the physicalproperties for each step of the elaboration - characterization - modelling optimization procedure.The adopted strategy is based on i) specific SPS properties which provide an accurate control of theinterfaces between each components; ii) potentialities offered by X-ray microtomography to describethe internal 3D microstructure of the composite materials during the key steps of their elaboration.Associated with powerful image processing tools, it allows to obtain relevant elements guiding theoptimization and understanding of the final properties; iii) the development of a 3D numerical modelof tunability applied directly to the real geometry which has been extracted from 3Dmicrotomography images. This step is essential to understand the origin of the redistribution of theelectric field between the different phases. Numerical results are directly compared to experimentalmeasurements
Bruchon, Jean-François. "Analyse par microtomographie aux rayons X de l'effondrement capillaire dans les matériaux granulaires." Thesis, Paris Est, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PEST1007/document.
Full textThis thesis deals with hydromechanical couplings in soils and more particularly focusing on the capillary collapse phenomenon. Although thoroughly studied at macroscopic scale in fine soils, the mechanisms governing capillary collapse in granular soils have been less observed.At first, the results concern the capacity to reproduce and to observe the phenomenon of capillary collapse at the scale of the specimen, called also the macroscopic scale.Thus, one of the first important objectives of this project concerned the preparation method of the specimens, which have to be loose enough to observe this phenomenon. The collapse potential, determined here by the one-dimensional collapse test, decreases with the mechanical stress. Moreover, when the quantity of water is controlled, incremental strains of specimens arise whatever the imbibition dynamic.To complement existing data, an experimental program was carried out using X-ray computed tomography (X-ray CT), a relevant tool to obtain 3D informations at grain scale. In combination with Volumetric Digital Image Correlation (V-DIC), X-ray CT also makes it possible to get information at a mesoscopic scale, at which the use of continuum mechanics still remains relevant. In this work, both microscopic and mesoscopic analyses have been carried out on a partially saturated sand subjected to gradual controlled imbibition in an oedometric cell.Local heterogeneities of strains and water contents appear during the imbibition, which are principally explained by the effect of gravity and by an inhomogeneity of the initial density.However, in spite of the existence of those localisations, by comparing the analyses at the mesoscopic and at the macroscopic scale, we show that measurements performed at the scale of the specimen are representative of the local behaviour of the material
Lenoir, Nicolas. "Comportement mécanique et rupture dans les roches argileuses étudiés par micro tomographie à rayons X." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006GRE10025.
Full textWITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF FEASABILITY STUDIES OF UNDERGROUND REPOSITORIES FOR RADIOACTIVE WASTE, THE STUDY OF PERMEABILITY EVOLUTION WITH DAMAGE OF THE HOST LAYER IS CRUCIAL. THE GOALS OF THIS WORK WERE : (i) TO CHARACTERIZE EXPERIMENTALLY THE DAMAGE OF TWO CLAYEY ROCKS (BEAUCAIRE MARL AND EAST SHALE) WITH X-RAY MICRO TOMOGRAPHY, (ii) TO DEVELOPP A HIGH PRESSURE TRIAXIAL SET-UP ADAPTED TO PERMEABILITY MEASUREMENT ON VERY LOW PERMEABILITY ROCKS. A NUMBER OF ORIGINAL TRIAXIAL DEVICES HAVE BEEN REALISED TO CHARACTERIZE DAMAGE OF CLAYEY ROCKS, UNDER DEVIATORIC LOADING, WITH X-RAY MICRO TOMOGRAPHY ON A SYNCHROTRON BEAMLINE AT THE ESRF (GRENOBLE). LOCALIZED DAMAGE AND ITS EVOLUTION HAVE BEEN CHARACTERIZED AT A FINE SCALE (OF ORDER OF TEN MICRONS). DIGITAL IMAGE CORRELATION TECHNIQUES, EXTENDED TO 3D IMAGES, HAVE BEEN USED TO MEASURE INCREMENTAL STRAIN FIELDS FROM TOMOGRAPHIC IMAGES. WE DEMONSTRATED THAT THESE TECHNIQUES ARE VERY USEFUL IN THE STUDY OF THE LOCALIZED DAMAGE OF GEOMATERIALS AND ESPECIALLY FOR THE INITIATION. A HIGH PRESSURE TRIAXIAL DEVICE HAS BEEN REALISED TO MEASURE PERMEABILITY EVOLUTION OF THE EAST SHALE AS A FUNCTION OF APLLIED STRESS (ISOTROPIC AND DEVIATORIC). THE PARTICULARITY OF THIS SET-UP IS THE SMALL SIZE OF THE TEST SPECIMEN (CYLINDER OF 10MM IN DIAMETER AND 20MM IN HEIGHT) WHICH ALLOWS SIGNIFICANT REDUCTION OF TEST DURATION
Erre, Damien. "Contribution aux perfectionnements d'un microscope-microtomographe a rayons x de laboratoire. Exploration des performances en microscopie x numerique et des applications en sciences des materiaux." Reims, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993REIMS001.
Full textZaragoci, Jean-François. "Simulation numérique directe multiphasique de la déformation d’un alliage Al-Cu à l’état pâteux – Comparaison avec des observations par tomographie aux rayons X in situ en temps réel." Thesis, Paris, ENMP, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ENMP0088/document.
Full textHot tearing is a major defect arising during solidification of aluminium alloys. This defect is associated with the inability of liquid to feed areas where voids have started to appear, not allowing to heal small defects before they grow bigger. To understand hot tearing, it is mandatory to develop a good knowledge of the semi-solid mechanical behaviour. It is thus very useful to carry out X-ray microtomographies experiments and mechanical simulations on representative elementary volumes. In this work, we couple the both approaches by initialising a finite element simulation with the help of microtomography data obtained during an isothermal tensile testing of an aluminium-copper alloy in the mushy state. This innovative approach gives a direct access to the experimental reality and allows comparisons of numerical and experimental evolutions of the sample. We explain in a first time how to get the numerical representation thanks to a marching cubes algorithm and the immersed volume method. Then, we present our numerical model for which we solve the Stokes equations in a monolithic way. Once the velocity computed in all the solid, liquid and gaseous phases, we use a level set method in a Eulerian formalism to obtain the morphological evolution of our numerical sample. Despite the model simplicity, numerical and experimental results show a reasonable agreement concerning the air propagation inside the sample
Pascart, Tristan. "Étude des modifications osseuses de composition et de structure au cours de l’ostéonécrose de tête fémorale et corrélations étiopathogéniques IRM." Thesis, Lille 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIL2S049/document.
Full textIntroductionThe pathophysiology and structural evolution of the osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) are poorly understood. The objectives of this thesis were to search for modifications of composition and structure of both the trabecular and the subchondral bone occurring during ONFH.MethodsA preliminary study looked into the potential modifications of bone composition induced by embalmment procedures using Raman spectroscopy in order to determine which controls are the most appropriate for comparisons with pathological bones. Femoral bones from 5 embalmed anatomical subjects were compared to femoral bones from 5 subjects that did not undergo any preservation procedure. The first work on ONFH addressed the potential modifications of trabecular bone mineral and organic physico-chemical parameters using Raman spectroscopy. The study included bone samples from femoral heads of 11 patients affected with ONFH and compared them to samples from 11 fresh anatomical subjects. The second study on ONFH addressed modifications of the subchondral bone. The study included 15 patients suffering from ONFH and 15 patients affected with hip osteoarthritis (OA) requiring joint prosthetic replacement. MRI examination that included standard medical sequences as well as experimental perfusion and DIXON sequences was performed prior to surgery. Once removed, the femoral heads were scanned using a nano-CT and samples of regions of interest were performed and analysed using histology, nano-CT with contrastenhancer marking and Raman spectroscopy.ResultsBone femoral mineral and organic composition was significantly altered in embalmed samples. Trabecular bone composition did not differ in any of the regions of interest inside the group of patients with ONFH nor in comparison with the control group of embalmed subjects after adjustment on age. The volume of the necrotic zone defined by the hypo-T1 MRI signal correlates to the volume including the sclerotic zone measured by nano-CT. Regarding the subchondral bone, preliminary results found differences of mineral and organic composition of the subchondral plate between zones of the ONFH group and with the OA group. Qualitative preliminary results from the study of biopsies analysed with the nano-CT and histology suggest that there are alterations of the subchondral plate and of the subchondral trabecular bone to a lesser extent. MRI examination with the DIXON sequence and nano-CT scans suggest that there is a decrease of the adipose content in the femoral head but an increase in the femoral neck in the ONFH group compared to the OA group.ConclusionThis work adds further evidence advocating that trabecular disorganization during ONFH is a consequence of massive alterations of the subchondral bone
Tillous, Kessein Éric. "Contribution à l'étude de l'aluminium et ses alliages 2214-T6 et 7050-T74 transformés par oxydation micro-arcs (OMA)." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2006. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL/2006_TILLOUS_K_E.pdf.
Full textThe process of micro-arcs oxidation (OMA), whose principle is based on that of traditional anodization, applies to a group of metals and their alloys (Al, Mg, Ti, Zn, Nb, Ta, Hf, W, Sb, Mo, Bi). The specificity of this process lies in the participation of discharges or micro-arcs (followed by a gaseous emission) in the formation of the coating by conversion of the substrate. The discharges cause the formation of a coating made up of alumina whose properties are considerably different from those of layers obtained by traditional anodization. After a review about traditional anodization and micro-arcs oxidation, this work tackles the characterization of OMA coatings by several techniques: optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS) and electron probe microscopy analysis (EPMA) with wave-length dispersive spectrometry (WDS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and microtomography. Each technique of analysis produces complementary results making it possible to look deeper into the understanding of the growth mechanism of the three layers of the coating: porous outer layer, dense inner layer and the so called “barrier layer” at the coating / substrate interface. An assessment of the coating morphology can be suggested from the appearance of the surface treated in silicate bath. The defects of OMA coating are revealed. Correlations are established between the parameters of treatment (density and frequency of the current, ratio of negative to positive charge quantity applied to the electrode (qn / qp) and duration of the treatment), the nature of the substrate and the coating features (proportions of defects, various types of alumina, thickness of the layers) From these results of characterization, a model of the discharges formation and coating growth is proposed in the case of an aluminium alloy
Parra-Denis, Estelle. "Analyse morphologique 3D de particules de forme complexes: application aux intermétalliques dans les alliages d'aluminium." Phd thesis, Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Etienne, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00164990.
Full textLe travail présenté dans la thèse s'articule autour de deux problématiques : mettre en évidence la distribution volumique des particules intermétalliques dans le volume de la tôle, et caractériser leur forme tridimensionnelle complexe au cours du laminage. Ainsi, des échantillons prélevés à différentes étapes du laminage sont observés par micro tomographie aux rayons X (réalisé à l'ESRF). Les images tridimensionnelles obtenues sont segmentées par la méthode de segmentation multi classe. Elle permet d'extraire chaque type de particule de l'alliage. Une base de donnée contenant chaque particule individualisée est créée. Elle permet de reconstruire l'image binaire du matériau et de travailler particule à particule.
La dispersion des particules est mise en évidence par l'étude du graphe des distances et de la covariance. Puis l'analyse de l'érosion linéaire et de la covariance permet de modéliser le matériau par un modèle probabiliste de type schéma Booléen à grains primaires sphériques.
Une batterie de paramètres morphologiques caractérise la forme tridimensionnelle complexe des particules. Une analyse en composantes principales est ensuite réalisée pour synthétiser l'information. Dans l'espace obtenu, les particules sont classées en cinq familles de forme. Enfin, leur évolution au cours du laminage est étudiée.
Bonnet, Marie. "Analyse multi-échelle du comportement hygromécanique du bois : Mise en évidence par relaxométrie du proton et mesures de champs volumiques de l'influence de l'hétérogénéité au sein du cerne." Thesis, Paris Est, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PESC1042/document.
Full textWood has highly variable properties and is also hygroscopic. These characteristics may restrict its use in construction even if it can be considered as a material of choice with the current environmental and economical concerns. Therefore, it is essential to better understand the physical origins of the behavior of wood in order to improve the prediction of its properties, and making it competitive with respect to other building materials. Dimensional changes of wood appear when it is subjected to relative humidity variations. This hygromechanical behavior is particularly difficult to predict because of the multiscale structure of wood and its complex interactions with water.In this context, the present work aims to understand and enrich relationships between microstructure, sorption properties and hygromechanical behavior of wood. More specifically, it is focused on the influence of the growth-ring heterogeneity, constituted of earlywood and latewood which have different structures and properties. The study is performed on Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco), which is a species of significant interest for structural applications. Advanced characterization tools are used: proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) to characterize sorption mechanisms; digital volume correlation (DVC) to measure deformation fields from X-Ray microtomography 3D images (XRµT), also providing local density of wood.At first wood properties and its hygromechanical behavior are described through a literature overview. Preliminary microstructural (microfibril angle, growth-ring width, density) and hygromechanical behavior characterizations of earlywood and latewood samples with different cambium age are performed. Earlywood reveals a strong anisotropic behavior compared to latewood which is isotropic in the transversal plane. Moreover, strains along the fiber direction nonlinearly evolve with moisture content. This phenomenon has been hardly reported and studied in the literature. Discussions on variability of properties and on relationships between structure and properties are also initiated.Sorption mechanisms are then studied by 2D NMR relaxometry (T1-T2 correlation spectra) in order to investigate differences between earlywood and latewood hygromechanical behaviors. Two types of bound water located in distinct environments are highlighted and their sorption isotherms are shown to be different in the two types of wood. A hypothesis on their location in the cell-wall is proposed and a simple 2D model is developed to evaluate their respective effect on the hygromechanical behavior of earlywood and latewood, especially in the fiber direction.Furthermore, local and global strains fields are studied using DVC from XRµT images of earlywood and latewood subjected to relative humidity variations. The coupling of these two materials is also investigated in order to evaluate their mechanical interactions and to understand the behavior at the growth-ring scale. A specific DVC procedure is developed for images of wood. The hygromechanical behaviors of earlywood, latewood and a growth-ring are compared. At the local scale, strains fields heterogeneities are highlighted and correlated to the local density. Their effect on the growth-ring behavior and the samples curvature is analyzed. A 3D finite elements model which takes into account local gradients of properties is finally developed to better understand earlywood-latewood mechanical interactions
Gallois, Charlotte. "Etude des propriétés physico-chimiques de suspensions de boehmite. Application aux supports catalytiques." Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066553/document.
Full textIn the catalyst supports industry, one important step of alumina powder production is the spray-drying of boehmite suspensions. This aluminium oxyhydroxyde is often used as precursor for various types of alumina catalyst supports. Boehmite is composed of anisotropic particles bearing an electric charge. In the past decade, it has been shown that the properties of the dry powder depend not only on the drying conditions but on physico-chemical properties of the sprayed suspensions. For instance, different grains morphologies (doughnut-shaped grains, hollow spheres,…) as well as various dry grains properties (textural properties, mechanical resistance,…) may be obtained by tuning the physico-chemical properties of the suspension.This study focus on the understanding of the links between the physico-chemical properties of suspensions of two industrial boehmites and the characteristics of the final dry grain. Since these two boehmites were not well-known, the first step of the study was to characterize boehmite particles present in suspension thanks to a multi-technical approach. A rheological study was performed on boehmite suspensions obtained thanks to osmotic stress to build precisely the phase diagrams of the both boehmites according to the system of ionic strength vs. volume fraction. Small angle X ray scattering and dynamic light scattering were used to investigate the existence of an orientational order of boehmite particles in suspension. Finally, drying experiments of boehmite suspensions were conducted on an optical set-up and on fast micro-tomography X, to examine the impact of both concentration and ionic strength on the evolution of the droplet during drying
Books on the topic "Microtomography aux rayons X"
Lucchesi, Xavier. Africa x-ray: Photographies aux rayons X. Trézélan [France]: Filigranes, 2008.
Find full textMaharaj, H. P. Appareils d'analyse aux rayons X - exigences et recommandations en matière de sécurité. Ottawa, Ont: Direction de l'hygiène du milieu, 1994.
Find full textJuliette, Barbet, ed. Un musée aux rayons X: Dix ans de recherche au service de la musique. Paris: Musée de la musique, Cité de la musique, 2001.
Find full textMorgan, A. John. X-ray microanalysis in electron microscopy for biologists. Oxford [Oxfordshire]: Oxford University Press Oxford [Oxfordshire], 1985.
Find full textClegg, William. La cristallographie aux rayons X. EDP Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/978-2-7598-2226-3.
Full textBook chapters on the topic "Microtomography aux rayons X"
Coqueugniot, Hélène. "Paléo-imagerie par rayons X : une méthode d’exploration transdisciplinaire, de l’archéologie à la chirurgie Hélène." In Regards croisés: quand les sciences archéologiques rencontrent l'innovation, 139–56. Editions des archives contemporaines, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.17184/eac.3794.
Full text"Glossaire." In La cristallographie aux rayons X, 117–22. EDP Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/978-2-7598-2226-3-006.
Full text"Index." In La cristallographie aux rayons X, 125–26. EDP Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/978-2-7598-2226-3-008.
Full text"4. Sujets associés." In La cristallographie aux rayons X, 101–16. EDP Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/978-2-7598-2226-3-005.
Full text"Sommaire." In La cristallographie aux rayons X, v—vi. EDP Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/978-2-7598-2226-3-toc.
Full text"Bibliographie." In La cristallographie aux rayons X, 123–24. EDP Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/978-2-7598-2226-3-007.
Full text"2. La cristallographie aux rayons X en pratique." In La cristallographie aux rayons X, 35–76. EDP Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/978-2-7598-2226-3-003.
Full text"1. Aspects fondamentaux de cristallographie aux rayons X." In La cristallographie aux rayons X, 1–34. EDP Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/978-2-7598-2226-3-002.
Full text"Avant-propos." In La cristallographie aux rayons X, iii—iv. EDP Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/978-2-7598-2226-3-001.
Full text"3. Études de cas de cristallographie aux rayons X." In La cristallographie aux rayons X, 77–100. EDP Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/978-2-7598-2226-3-004.
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