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Journal articles on the topic 'Microvesicle particle'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 2 February 2022

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1

Bihl, Ji C., Christine M. Rapp, Yanfang Chen, and Jeffrey B. Travers. "UVB Generates Microvesicle Particle Release in Part Due to Platelet-activating Factor Signaling." Photochemistry and Photobiology 92, no. 3 (2016): 503–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/php.12577.

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2

Thapa, P., L. Liu, C. Rapp, and J. B. Travers. "757 Synergistic effects of UVB and Platelet-activating factor on microvesicle particle production." Journal of Investigative Dermatology 139, no. 5 (2019): S130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jid.2019.03.833.

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3

Awoyemi, A., E. Romer, L. Liu, and C. M. Rapp. "1148 Ethanol augments stimulated microvesicle particle formation and release in a keratinocyte cell line." Journal of Investigative Dermatology 138, no. 5 (2018): S195. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jid.2018.03.1162.

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4

Botha, Jaco, Line Velling Magnussen, Morten Hjuler Nielsen, et al. "Microvesicles Correlated with Components of Metabolic Syndrome in Men with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Lowered Testosterone Levels But Were Unaltered by Testosterone Therapy." Journal of Diabetes Research 2017 (2017): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/4257875.

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Aims. To investigate how circulating microvesicle phenotypes correlate with insulin sensitivity, body composition, plasma lipids, and hepatic fat accumulation. We hypothesized that changes elicited by testosterone replacement therapy are reflected in levels of microvesicles. Methods. Thirty-nine type 2 diabetic males with lowered testosterone levels were assigned to either testosterone replacement therapy or placebo and evaluated at baseline and after 24 weeks. Microvesicles were analysed by flow cytometry and defined as lactadherin-binding particles within the 0.1–1.0 μm gate. Microvesicles o

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Chauhan, S. J., A. Thyagarajan, Y. Chen, and R. P. Sahu. "LB917 Platelet-activating factor-receptor signaling mediates targeted therapy-induced microvesicle particle release in lung cancer cells." Journal of Investigative Dermatology 140, no. 7 (2020): B3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jid.2020.05.005.

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Thyagarajan, Anita, Sayali Kadam, Langni Liu, et al. "Gemcitabine Induces Microvesicle Particle Release in a Platelet-Activating Factor-Receptor-Dependent Manner via Modulation of the MAPK Pathway in Pancreatic Cancer Cells." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 1 (2018): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20010032.

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Studies, including ours, have shown that pro-oxidative stressors, such as chemotherapeutic agents, generate oxidized lipids with agonistic platelet-activating factor (PAF) activity. Importantly, recent reports have implicated that these PAF-agonists are transported extracellularly via microvesicle particles (MVPs). While the role of PAF-receptor (PAF-R) has been implicated in mediating chemotherapy effects, its significance in chemotherapy-mediated MVP release in pancreatic cancer has not been studied. The current studies determined the functional significance of PAF-R in gemcitabine chemother

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Holme, Pål André, Frank Brosstad, and Nils Olav Solum. "The Difference Between Platelet and Plasma FXIII Used to Study the Mechanism of Platelet Microvesicle Formation." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 70, no. 04 (1993): 681–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1649649.

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SummaryThe formation of microvesicles from platelets was induced either by activation of the complement system by a monoclonal antibody to CD9, or by incubation of platelets with the calcium ionophore A23187. A filter technique to isolate the microvesicles without plasma contamination is described. The microvesicles contained FXIIIa2 from the platelet cytoplasm which shows that these particles contain significant amounts of intracellular material. This was shown by the use of crossed immunoelectrophoresis with rabbit antibodies to total human platelet proteins in the second dimension gel and p

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Holme, Pål André, Nils Olav Solum, Frank Brosstad, Nils Egberg, and Tomas L. Lindahl. "Stimulated Glanzmann’s Thrombasthenia Platelets Produce Microvesicles." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 74, no. 06 (1995): 1533–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1649978.

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SummaryThe mechanism of formation of platelet-derived microvesicles remains controversial.The aim of the present work was to study the formation of microvesicles in view of a possible involvement of the GPIIb-IIIa complex, and of exposure of negatively charged phospholipids as procoagulant material on the platelet surface. This was studied in blood from three Glanzmann’s thrombasthenia patients lacking GPIIb-IIIa and healthy blood donors. MAb FN52 against CD9 which activates the complement system and produces microvesicles due to a membrane permeabilization, ADP (9.37 μM), and the thrombin rec

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Lazenby, Michelle, Oliver G. Ottmann, Keith Wilson, Caroline Alvares, and Joanna Zabkiewicz. "Extracellular Microvesicle Cytokines Secreted from Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Cells Mediate Proliferative and Survival Advantage in Acute Myeloid Leukaemia." Blood 132, Supplement 1 (2018): 2744. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2018-99-113342.

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Abstract Background Haematopoietic stem cell transplantation is still the most effective anti-leukaemic therapy for AML treatment for a large number of patients, but a significant proportion of these will relapse post-transplant and the probability of long term survival is low. The bone marrow microenvironment has been implicated as a major contributor to chemotherapy resistance and relapse through mediating interactions between residual haematopoietic stem cells (HSC), leukaemic stem cells (LSC) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) which have been shown to support and maintain the leukaemic niche

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10

Aliotta, Jason M., Napoleon A. Puente, Mandy Pereira, et al. "Adhesion Protein Profile of Lung-Derived Microvesicles." Blood 116, no. 21 (2010): 4803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v116.21.4803.4803.

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Abstract Abstract 4803 We have previously shown that murine bone marrow cells co-cultured opposite murine lung cells, but separated from them by a cell-impermeable membrane, express pulmonary epithelial cell-specific mRNAs, including Surfactants A-D, Aquaporin-5 and Clara Cell Specific Protein. This effect appears to be enhanced when the lungs used in co-culture are harvested from previously-irradiated mice. We have also shown that lung cells release membrane-bound particles called microvesicles which contain lung cell-specific proteins and mRNA. Microvesicles are capable of entering marrow ce

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11

Nagai, Ayako, Takashi Sato, Noriko Akimoto, Akira Ito, and Michihiro Sumida. "Isolation and Identification of Histone H3 Protein Enriched in Microvesicles Secreted from Cultured Sebocytes." Endocrinology 146, no. 6 (2005): 2593–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2004-1478.

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Abstract Secretion of microvesicles, defined as sebosomes, containing lipid particles were discovered for the first time in cultured sebocytes. After reaching confluency, hamster-cloned sebocytes released bubble-like microvesicles with a diameter range of 0.5–5.0 μm. They had a complex structure containing multiple Oil Red O-stainable particles. The lipid components of the microvesicles were large amounts of squalene both of hamster-cloned and rat primary cultured sebocytes. The microvesicles contained a concentrated 17-kDa cationic protein, which was soluble in sulfate buffer including Nonide

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Conde, Ian D., Lavina Bharwani, Usha Pendurthi, Perumal Thiagarajan, and Jose Lopez. "Extremely High Levels of Microvesicle-Associated Tissue Factor in a Patient with Cancer-Related Thrombosis." Blood 104, no. 11 (2004): 2605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v104.11.2605.2605.

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Abstract Trousseau’s syndrome is a prothrombotic state associated with malignancy. Although well-established as a clinical entity, its pathophysiology is poorly understood. Here we report the case of a patient with giant-cell lung carcinoma who developed a severe form of Trousseau’s syndrome, which eventually led to his death. The patient was a 55-year-old white male who presented initially with left upper extremity deep vein thrombosis. His clinical course was dominated by extreme hypercoagulability characterized by multiple venous thromboembolic events, three myocardial infarctions, two isch

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13

Liu, L., C. M. Rapp, S. Zheng, and J. B. Travers. "627 UVB-generated microvesicle particles mediate systemic immunosuppression." Journal of Investigative Dermatology 140, no. 7 (2020): S85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jid.2020.03.638.

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14

Trubey, Charles M., Elena Chertova, Lori V. Coren, et al. "Quantitation of HLA Class II Protein Incorporated into Human Immunodeficiency Type 1 Virions Purified by Anti-CD45 Immunoaffinity Depletion of Microvesicles." Journal of Virology 77, no. 23 (2003): 12699–709. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.77.23.12699-12709.2003.

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ABSTRACT Among the many host cell-derived proteins found in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), HLA class II (HLA-II) appears to be selectively incorporated onto virions and may contribute to mechanisms of indirect imunopathogenesis in HIV infection and AIDS. However, the amount of HLA-II on the surface of HIV-1 particles has not been reliably determined due to contamination of virus preparations by microvesicles containing host cell proteins, including HLA-II. Even rigorous sucrose density centrifugation is unable to completely separate HIV-1 from microvesicles. CD45, a leukocyte int

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15

Timár, Csaba I., Ákos M. Lőrincz, Roland Csépányi-Kömi, et al. "Antibacterial effect of microvesicles released from human neutrophilic granulocytes." Blood 121, no. 3 (2013): 510–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2012-05-431114.

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Abstract Cell-derived vesicles represent a recently discovered mechanism for intercellular communication. We investigated their potential role in interaction of microbes with host organisms. We provide evidence that different stimuli induced isolated neutrophilic granulocytes to release microvesicles with different biologic properties. Only opsonized particles initiated the formation of microvesicles that were able to impair bacterial growth. The antibacterial effect of neutrophil-derived microvesicles was independent of production of toxic oxygen metabolites and opsonization or engulfment of

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16

Beaudoin, A. R., G. Grondin, A. Vachereau, P. St-Jean, and C. Cabana. "Detection and characterization of microvesicles in the acinar lumen and in juice of unstimulated rat pancreas." Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry 34, no. 8 (1986): 1079–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/34.8.3734418.

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Small vesicles were visualized in the lumen of rat pancreas acini by freeze-substitution and conventional electron microscopy. Microvesicles were subsequently isolated from pancreatic juice. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed that these vesicles contain only one major protein. The major protein was identified by an immunoblot technique as GP-2, an 80 kD glycoprotein also found in the zymogen granule membrane. The immunocytochemical localization of rabbit anti-GP-2 and anti-amylase by the protein A-gold technique confirmed that GP-2 was associated with clusters o

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17

Dou, Yuchu, Lixuan Ren, Prabir Kulabhusan, Emil Zaripov, and Maxim Berezovski. "Quantitative Capillary Electrophoresis for Analysis of Extracellular Vesicles (EVqCE)." Separations 8, no. 8 (2021): 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/separations8080110.

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Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) gained significant interest within the last decade as a new source of biomarkers for the early detection of diseases and a promising tool for therapeutic applications. In this work, we present Extracellular Vesicles Quantitative Capillary Electrophoresis (EVqCE) to measure an average mass of RNA in EVs, determine EV concentrations and the degree of EV degradation after sample handling. We used EVqCE to analyze EVs isolated from conditioned media of three cancer cell lines. EVqCE employs capillary zone electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescent detection to sepa

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Dettenhofer, Markus, and Xiao-Fang Yu. "Highly Purified Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Reveals a Virtual Absence of Vif in Virions." Journal of Virology 73, no. 2 (1999): 1460–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.73.2.1460-1467.1999.

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ABSTRACT The vif gene of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is essential for the productive infection of primary blood-derived lymphocytes, macrophages, and certain human T-cell lines. It has been shown that Vif is associated with HIV-1 virions purified by sucrose density-equilibrium gradient analysis. However, the specificity of Vif incorporation into virions has not been determined. Moreover, recent studies have demonstrated that standard HIV-1 particle preparations created with sucrose density-equilibrium gradients are contaminated with cell-derived microvesicles. Here we demonstra

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19

Liu, L., P. Thapa, C. Rapp, and J. B. Travers. "758 Evidence that UVB-generated microvesicle particles are involved in acute skin inflammation." Journal of Investigative Dermatology 139, no. 5 (2019): S131. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jid.2019.03.834.

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20

Kastelowitz, Noah, and Hang Yin. "Exosomes and Microvesicles: Identification and Targeting By Particle Size and Lipid Chemical Probes." ChemBioChem 15, no. 7 (2014): 923–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbic.201400043.

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21

Gonda, David D., Johnny C. Akers, Ryan Kim, et al. "Neuro-oncologic Applications of Exosomes, Microvesicles, and Other Nano-Sized Extracellular Particles." Neurosurgery 72, no. 4 (2013): 501–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/neu.0b013e3182846e63.

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22

Tay, Hui Min, Sharad Kharel, Rinkoo Dalan, et al. "Rapid purification of sub-micrometer particles for enhanced drug release and microvesicles isolation." NPG Asia Materials 9, no. 9 (2017): e434-e434. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/am.2017.175.

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23

Brewer, C., A. a. Awoyemi, C. Rapp, C. E. Borchers, and J. B. Travers. "203 Heightened levels of microvesicle particles resulting from combination of ethanol and thermal burn injury." Journal of Investigative Dermatology 141, no. 5 (2021): S36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jid.2021.02.224.

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24

Metzner, Christoph, and Marianne Zaruba. "On the Interplay of Extracellular Vesicles and Viral Infections." Extracellular vesicles as biomarkers – in pathophysiology, physical education and home office? 2, no. 1 (2020): 14–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.47184/tev.2020.01.02.

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A broad definition of extracellular vesicles – lipid membrane enclosed vesicles of a given size range, produced by cells into the surrounding media and unable to replicate independently – does not only apply to exosomes or microvesicles produced by eukaryotic cells, outer membrane or outer-inner membrane vesicles produced by gram-negative bacteria and membrane vesicles produced by gram-positive bacteria (and archaea), but also extends to enveloped virus particles. They share biophysical and biochemical characteristics as well as functional properties, making it a challenge to distinguish betwe

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25

Chauhan, Shreepa J., Anita Thyagarajan, Yanfang Chen, Jeffrey B. Travers, and Ravi P. Sahu. "Platelet-Activating Factor-Receptor Signaling Mediates Targeted Therapies-Induced Microvesicle Particles Release in Lung Cancer Cells." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 22 (2020): 8517. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21228517.

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Microvesicle particles (MVP) secreted by a variety of cell types in response to reactive oxygen species (ROS)-generating pro-oxidative stressors have been implicated in modifying the cellular responses including the sensitivity to therapeutic agents. Our previous studies have shown that expression of a G-protein coupled, platelet-activating factor-receptor (PAFR) pathway plays critical roles in pro-oxidative stressors-mediated cancer growth and MVP release. As most therapeutic agents act as pro-oxidative stressors, the current studies were designed to determine the role of the PAFR signaling i

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Emmerechts, J., and M. F. Hoylaerts. "The effect of air pollution on haemostasis." Hämostaseologie 32, no. 01 (2012): 5–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5482/ha-1179.

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SummaryAmbient environmental air pollutants include gaseous and particulate components. In polluted air, especially particulate matter seems responsible for cardiovascular complications: It consists of a heterogeneous mixture of solid and liquid particles with different diameters ranging from large thoracic to ultrafine particles, with a diameter < 100 nm. Ultrafines can penetrate deeply into the lung to deposit in the alveoli. Cardiovascular manifestations result both from short-term and long-term exposure and have been linked to interference with the autonomic nervous system, direct trans

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Gan, Xin, and Stephen J. Gould. "Identification of an inhibitory budding signal that blocks the release of HIV particles and exosome/microvesicle proteins." Molecular Biology of the Cell 22, no. 6 (2011): 817–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e10-07-0625.

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Animal cells bud exosomes and microvesicles (EMVs) from endosome and plasma membranes. The combination of higher-order oligomerization and plasma membrane binding is a positive budding signal that targets diverse proteins into EMVs and retrovirus particles. Here we describe an inhibitory budding signal (IBS) from the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) Gag protein. This IBS was identified in the spacer peptide 2 (SP2) domain of Gag, is activated by C-terminal exposure of SP2, and mediates the severe budding defect of p6-deficient and PTAP-deficient strains of HIV. This IBS also impairs the budd

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Shpacovitch, Victoria, Irina Sidorenko, Jan Lenssen та ін. "Application of the PAMONO-Sensor for Quantiﬁcation of Microvesicles and Determination of Nano-Particle Size Distribution". Sensors 17, № 2 (2017): 244. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s17020244.

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Mørk, Morten, Morten Nielsen, Rikke Bæk, Malene Jørgensen, Shona Pedersen, and Søren Kristensen. "Postprandial Increase in Blood Plasma Levels of Tissue Factor–Bearing (and Other) Microvesicles Measured by Flow Cytometry: Fact or Artifact?" TH Open 02, no. 02 (2018): e147-e157. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1642021.

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AbstractTissue factor (TF)–bearing microvesicles (MVs) and exosomes may play a role in hemostasis and thrombosis. MVs may be quantified by flow cytometry (FC)–based detection of phosphatidylserine (PS)-positive submicron particles carrying specific antigens, although interference from lipoproteins complicates this approach. In this study, we evaluated the effect of food intake on blood levels of TF-bearing particles measured by FC and small extracellular vesicles (EVs) measured by a protein microarray–based test termed EV Array. Platelet-free plasma (PFP) was obtained from 20 healthy persons i

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Chan, Robin, Pradeep D. Uchil, Jing Jin, et al. "Retroviruses Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Murine Leukemia Virus Are Enriched in Phosphoinositides." Journal of Virology 82, no. 22 (2008): 11228–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00981-08.

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ABSTRACT Retroviruses acquire a lipid envelope during budding from the membrane of their hosts. Therefore, the composition of this envelope can provide important information about the budding process and its location. Here, we present mass spectrometry analysis of the lipid content of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and murine leukemia virus (MLV). The results of this comprehensive survey found that the overall lipid content of these viruses mostly matched that of the plasma membrane, which was considerably different from the total lipid content of the cells. However, several lipid

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Fahy, Katherine, Langni Liu, Christine M. Rapp, et al. "UVB-generated Microvesicle Particles: A Novel Pathway by Which a Skin-specific Stimulus Could Exert Systemic Effects." Photochemistry and Photobiology 93, no. 4 (2017): 937–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/php.12703.

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32

Liu, L., K. Fahy, J. Bihl, C. M. Rapp, and J. B. Travers. "1147 UVB induces release of bioactive microvesicle particles in keratinocytes via platelet-activating factor and acid sphingomyelinase." Journal of Investigative Dermatology 138, no. 5 (2018): S195. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jid.2018.03.1161.

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Talukder, Rahat Morad, Al Shahriar Hossain Rakib, Julija Skolnik, et al. "Modifications of the PAMONO-Sensor Help to Size and Quantify Low Number of Individual Biological and Non-Biological Nano-Particles." Engineering Proceedings 6, no. 1 (2021): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/i3s2021dresden-10136.

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In a series of recently published works, we demonstrated that the plasmon-assisted microscopy of nano-objects (PAMONO) technique can be successfully employed for the sizing and quantification of single viruses, virus-like particles, microvesicles and charged non-biological particles. This approach enables label-free, but specific detection of biological nano-vesicles. Hence, the sensor, which was built up utilizing plasmon-assisted microscopy, possesses relative versatility and it can be used as a platform for cell-based assays. However, one of the challenging tasks for such a sensor was the a

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Paderi, Francesca, Chiara Frasson, Sabrina Gelain, Giuseppe Basso, and Geertruy Kronnie. "Specific Circulating Microvesicles (cMVs) Populations in Paediatric ALL." Blood 118, no. 21 (2011): 933. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v118.21.933.933.

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Abstract Abstract 933 Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) genesis, development and maintenance, has been shown to involve a number of aspects. On the one hand along the line of the somatic mutation theory of cancer there are accumulating genetic aberration, on the other hand there are cytokines and growth factors that contribute to initiate and maintain the disease. The bone marrow microenvironment plays an important role in regulating the hematopoietic stem cell niche modulating normal haematopoiesis but also affecting leukaemogenic transformation. In the bone marrow microenvironment leukaemi

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Graziano, Francesca, Marion Desdouits, Livia Garzetti, et al. "Extracellular ATP induces the rapid release of HIV-1 from virus containing compartments of human macrophages." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, no. 25 (2015): E3265—E3273. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1500656112.

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HIV type 1 (HIV-1) infects CD4+T lymphocytes and tissue macrophages. Infected macrophages differ from T cells in terms of decreased to absent cytopathicity and for active accumulation of new progeny HIV-1 virions in virus-containing compartments (VCC). For these reasons, infected macrophages are believed to act as “Trojan horses” carrying infectious particles to be released on cell necrosis or functional stimulation. Here we explored the hypothesis that extracellular ATP (eATP) could represent a microenvironmental signal potentially affecting virion release from VCC of infected macrophages. In

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Andreola, Giovanna, Licia Rivoltini, Chiara Castelli, et al. "Induction of Lymphocyte Apoptosis by Tumor Cell Secretion of FasL-bearing Microvesicles." Journal of Experimental Medicine 195, no. 10 (2002): 1303–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.20011624.

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The hypothesis that FasL expression by tumor cells may impair the in vivo efficacy of antitumor immune responses, through a mechanism known as ‘Fas tumor counterattack,’ has been recently questioned, becoming the object of an intense debate based on conflicting results. Here we definitely show that FasL is indeed detectable in the cytoplasm of melanoma cells and its expression is confined to multivesicular bodies that contain melanosomes. In these structures FasL colocalizes with both melanosomal (i.e., gp100) and lysosomal (i.e., CD63) antigens. Isolated melanosomes express FasL, as detected

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Fujisawa, Ryuichi, Frank J. McAtee, Cynthia Favara, Stanley F. Hayes, and John L. Portis. "N-Terminal Cleavage Fragment of Glycosylated Gag Is Incorporated into Murine Oncornavirus Particles." Journal of Virology 75, no. 22 (2001): 11239–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.75.22.11239-11243.2001.

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ABSTRACT Glycosylated Gag (Glycogag) is a transmembrane protein encoded by murine and feline oncornaviruses. While the protein is dispensible for virus replication, Glycogag-null mutants of a neurovirulent murine oncornavirus are slow to spread in vivo and exhibit a loss of pathogenicity. The function of this protein in the virus life cycle, however, is not understood. Glycogag is expressed at the plasma membrane of infected cells but has not been detected in virions. In the present study we have reexamined this issue and have found an N-terminal cleavage fragment of Glycogag which was pellete

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Saheera, Sherin, Vivek P. Jani, Kenneth W. Witwer, and Shelby Kutty. "Extracellular vesicle interplay in cardiovascular pathophysiology." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 320, no. 5 (2021): H1749—H1761. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00925.2020.

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Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanosized lipid bilayer-delimited particles released from cells that mediate intercellular communications and play a pivotal role in various physiological and pathological processes. Subtypes of EVs may include plasma membrane ectosomes or microvesicles and endosomal origin exosomes, although functional distinctions remain unclear. EVs carry cargo proteins, nucleic acids (RNA and DNA), lipids, and metabolites. By presenting or transferring this cargo to recipient cells, EVs can trigger cellular responses. We summarize contemporary understanding of EV biogenesis

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Larson, Michael C., Neil Hogg, and Cheryl A. Hillery. "Centrifugation Removes a Population of Large Vesicles, or “Macroparticles,” Intermediate in Size to RBCs and Microvesicles." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 3 (2021): 1243. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22031243.

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Microparticles or microvesicles (MPs/MVs) are sub-cellular vesicles with a growing number of known biological functions. Microvesicles from a variety of parent cells within the vascular system increase in numerous pathological states. Red blood cell-derived MVs (RMVs) are relatively less studied than other types of circulating MVs despite red blood cells (RBCs) being the most abundant intravascular cell. This may be in part due the echoes of past misconceptions that RBCs were merely floating anucleate bags of hemoglobin rather than dynamic and responsive cells. The initial aim of this study wa

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Christian, L. R., C. E. Borchers, L. Liu, C. Rapp, M. G. Kemp, and J. B. Travers. "506 Xeroderma Pigmentosum A deficiency results in increased generation of microvesicle particles in response to Ultraviolet B Radiation." Journal of Investigative Dermatology 141, no. 5 (2021): S88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jid.2021.02.531.

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Nelson, Bryant C., Samantha Maragh, Ionita C. Ghiran, et al. "Measurement and standardization challenges for extracellular vesicle therapeutic delivery vectors." Nanomedicine 15, no. 22 (2020): 2149–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/nnm-2020-0206.

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Extracellular vesicles (EVs), such as exosomes and microvesicles, are nonreplicating lipid bilayer particles shed by most cell types which have the potential to revolutionize the development and efficient delivery of clinical therapeutics. This article provides an introduction to the landscape of EV-based vectors under development for the delivery of protein- and nucleic acid-based therapeutics. We highlight some of the most pressing measurement and standardization challenges that limit the translation of EVs to the clinic. Current challenges limiting development of EVs for drug delivery are t

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Hornick, Noah, Jianya Huan, Jeffrey W. Tyner, and Peter Kurre. "Flt3 Kinase Regulates Microvesicle Transfer of miRNA Between AML and Stromal Cells." Blood 118, no. 21 (2011): 1492. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v118.21.1492.1492.

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Abstract Abstract 1492 The presence of an internal tandem duplication in the receptor tyrosine kinase Flt3 (Flt3-ITD) is found in 25–30% of cytogenetically normal AML and confers a worsened prognosis, including an increased likelihood for relapse after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). This tendency toward relapse, combined with the improved capacity of Flt3-ITD+ disease to resist chemotherapy, may imply mechanisms of resistance beyond those present in leukemias lacking this mutation. Microvesicles and exosomes, membrane-bound extracellular vesicles that capture cell-specific pro

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Zhang, Da, Ming Wu, Zhixiong Cai, et al. "Chemotherapeutic Drug Based Metal-Organic Particles for Microvesicle-Mediated Deep Penetration and Programmable pH/NIR/Hypoxia Activated Cancer Photochemotherapy." Advanced Science 5, no. 2 (2018): 1700648. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/advs.201700648.

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Iša, Pavel, Arianna Pérez-Delgado, Iván R. Quevedo, Susana López, and Carlos F. Arias. "Rotaviruses Associate with Distinct Types of Extracellular Vesicles." Viruses 12, no. 7 (2020): 763. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v12070763.

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Rotaviruses are the leading cause of viral gastroenteritis among children under five years of age. Rotavirus cell entry has been extensively studied; however, rotavirus cell release is still poorly understood. Specifically, the mechanism by which rotaviruses leave the cell before cell lysis is not known. Previous works have found rotavirus proteins and viral particles associated with extracellular vesicles secreted by cells. These vesicles have been shown to contain markers of exosomes; however, in a recent work they presented characteristics more typical of microparticles, and they were assoc

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Tripisciano, Carla, Tanja Eichhorn, Stephan Harm, and Viktoria Weber. "Adsorption of the Inflammatory Mediator High-Mobility Group Box 1 by Polymers with Different Charge and Porosity." BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/238160.

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High-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) is a conserved protein with a variety of biological functions inside as well as outside the cell. When released by activated immune cells, it acts as a proinflammatory cytokine. Its delayed release has sparked the interest in HMGB1 as a potential therapeutic target. Here, we studied the adsorption of HMGB1 to anionic methacrylate-based polymers as well as to neutral polystyrene-divinylbenzene copolymers. Both groups of adsorbents exhibited efficient binding of recombinant HMGB1 and of HMGB1 derived from lipopolysaccharide-stimulated peripheral blood mo

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Lindner, Kirsten, Joerg Haier, Zhe Wang, David I. Watson, Damian J. Hussey, and Richard Hummel. "Circulating microRNAs: emerging biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis in patients with gastrointestinal cancers." Clinical Science 128, no. 1 (2014): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs20140089.

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To identify novel non-invasive biomarkers for improved detection, risk assessment and prognostic evaluation of cancer, expression profiles of circulating microRNAs are currently under evaluation. Circulating microRNAs are highly promising candidates in this context, as they present some key characteristics for cancer biomarkers: they are tissue-specific with reproducible expression and consistency among individuals from the same species, they are potentially derived directly from the tumour and therefore might correlate with tumour progression and recurrence, and they are bound to proteins or

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Nielsen, M. H., H. Irvine, S. Vedel, B. Raungaard, H. Beck-Nielsen, and A. Handberg. "The Impact of Lipoprotein-Associated Oxidative Stress on Cell-Specific Microvesicle Release in Patients with Familial Hypercholesterolemia." Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2016 (2016): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/2492858.

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Objective. Microvesicles (MVs) are small cell-derived particles shed upon activation. Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) particularly when associated with Achilles tendon xanthomas (ATX) predisposes to atherosclerosis, possibly through oxLDL-C interaction with the CD36 receptor. To investigate the hypothesis that MVs derived from cells involved in atherosclerosis are increased in FH and that CD36 expressing MVs (CD36+ MVs) may be markers of oxLDL-C-induced cell activation, cell-specific MVs were measured in FH patients with and without ATX and their association with atherogenic lipid profile w

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Hsiao, Yai-Ping, Connie Chen, Chee-Ming Lee, et al. "Differences in the Quantity and Composition of Extracellular Vesicles in the Aqueous Humor of Patients with RetinalNeovascular Diseases." Diagnostics 11, no. 7 (2021): 1276. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11071276.

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Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are secreted by various cells in the body fluid system and have been found to influence vessel formation and inflammatory responses in a variety of diseases. However, which EVs and their subtypes are involved in vascular retinal diseases is still unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the particle distribution of EVs in retinal neovascular diseases, including age-related macular degeneration, polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy, and central retinal vein occlusion. The aqueous humor was harvested from 20 patients with different retinal neovascular di

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Nielsen, Morten Hjuler, Rugivan Sabaratnam, Andreas James Thestrup Pedersen, Kurt Højlund, and Aase Handberg. "Acute Exercise Increases Plasma Levels of Muscle-Derived Microvesicles Carrying Fatty Acid Transport Proteins." Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 104, no. 10 (2019): 4804–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jc.2018-02547.

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Abstract Context Microvesicles (MVs) are a class of membrane particles shed by any cell in the body in physiological and pathological conditions. They are considered to be key players in intercellular communication, and with a molecular content reflecting the composition of the cell of origin, they have recently emerged as a promising source of biomarkers in a number of diseases. Objective The effects of acute exercise on the plasma concentration of skeletal muscle-derived MVs (SkMVs) carrying metabolically important membrane proteins were examined. Participants Thirteen men with obesity and t

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Aliotta, Jason M., Mandy Pereira, and Peter J. Quesenberry. "Tissue-Specific Gene Expression of Marrow Cells Co-Cultured with Various Murine Organs." Blood 112, no. 11 (2008): 388. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v112.11.388.388.

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Abstract We have previously demonstrated that murine bone marrow cells co-cultured with lung opposite a cell-impermeable membrane express high levels of lung cell-specific genes (Aliotta et al, Stem Cells, 2007;25(9):2245–56). Greater changes in gene expression were noted in marrow cells co-cultured with radiation-injured lung. A factor smaller than the pore size of the cell-impermeable membrane (0.4μm) is responsible for these changes as cell-free conditioned media (CM) had a similar effect on co-cultured marrow cells. Lung-derived microvesicles were found to enter marrow cells in culture and

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