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1
Healy, M. "Realization of active filters in microwave integrated circuits." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.233281.
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Zhang, Hualiang. "Compact, reconfigurable and dual-band microwave circuits /." View abstract or full-text, 2007. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?ECED%202007%20ZHANG.
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U-yen, Kongpop. "Microwave filters with high stop-band performance and low-loss hybrid developement." Diss., Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006, 2006. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-11162006-111102/.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007.Tentzeris, Manos, Committee Member ; Wollack, Edward, Committee Member ; Cressler, John, Committee Member ; Papapolymerou, Ioannis, Committee Chair ; Laskar, Joy, Committee Co-Chair ; Ayazi, Farrokh, Committee Member.
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Sánchez, Fandiño Javier Antonio. "Integrated Optical Filters for Microwave Photonic Applications." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/67690.
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[EN] Microwave photonics (MWP) is a well-established research field that investigates the use of photonic technologies to generate, distribute, process and analyze RF waveforms in the optical domain. Despite its great potential to solve long-standing problems faced by both the microwave and electronics industries, MWP systems are bulky, expensive and consume a lot of power. Integrated microwave photonics (IMWP) is an emerging area of research that promises to alleviate most of these drawbacks through the use of photonic integrated circuits (PIC).
In this work, we have aimed at further closing the gap between the worlds of MWP and integrated optics. In particular, we have focused on the design and experimental characterization of PICs with reconfigurable, ring-assisted Mach-Zehnder interferometer filters (RAMZI), and demonstrated its potential use in different IMWP applications. These filters consist of a symmetric MZI loaded with ring resonators, which are coupled to the MZI branches by different optical couplers.
The contributions of this thesis can be split into two sections. In the first one, we demonstrate integrated optical couplers and reflectors with variable power splitting and reflections ratios. These exploit the well-known properties of tapered multimode interference couplers (MMI), and their inherent robustness makes them highly suitable for the implementation of both RAMZI and reflective filters. Besides, we study in detail the impact of manufacturing deviations in the performance of a 4x4 MMI-based 90º hybrid, which is a fundamental building block in coherent optical communication systems.
In the second section, we demonstrate the use of integrated RAMZI filters for three different IMWP applications, including instantaneous frequency measurement (IFM), direct detection of frequency-modulated signals in a MWP link, as well as in tunable, coherent MWP filters. A theoretical analysis of the limits and trade-offs that exist in photonics-based IFM systems is also provided. Even though these are early proof-of-concept experiments, we hope that further technological developments in the field will finally turn MWP into a commercial reality.[ES] La fotónica de microondas (MWP) es un campo de investigación que estudia el uso de tecnologías ópticas para generar, distribuir, procesar y analizar señales de RF. A pesar de su gran potencial para resolver algunos de los problemas a los que se enfrentan las industrias electrónica y de microondas, estos sistemas son voluminosos, caros y consumen mucha potencia. La fotónica de microondas integrada (IMWP) es un área emergente que promete solucionar todos estos inconvenientes a través de la utilización de circuitos ópticos integrados (PIC). En esta tesis, hemos pretendido avanzar un poco más en el acercamiento entre estas dos disciplinas. En concreto, nos hemos centrado en el diseño y caracterización experimental de PICs con filtros reconfigurables basados en interferómetros Mach-Zehnder cargados con anillos (RAMZI), y demostrado su potencial uso en diferentes aplicaciones de IMWP. Los filtros RAMZI están hecho básicamente de un MZI simétrico cargado con anillos, los cuales a su vez se acoplan a las ramas del interferómetro a través de distintos acopladores ópticos. Las contribuciones de este trabajo se pueden dividir en dos partes. En la primera, hemos demostrado acopladores y reflectores ópticos integrados con coeficientes de acoplo y reflexión variables. Éstos explotan las propiedades de los acopladores por interferencia multimodal (MMI), y su robustez les hace muy atractivos para la implementación de filtros RAMZI y de tipo reflectivo. Además, hemos analizado el impacto que las tolerancias de fabricación tienen en el rendimiento de un híbrido óptico de 90º basado en un MMI 4x4, el cual es un elemento fundamental en los sistemas de comunicaciones ópticas coherentes. En la segunda parte, hemos demostrado el uso de filtros RAMZI en tres aplicaciones distintas de IMWP. En concreto, hemos utilizado dichos filtros para implementar sistemas de medida de frecuencia instantánea (IFM), detección directa de señales moduladas en frecuencia para enlaces fotónicos, así como en filtros coherentes y sintonizables de MWP. También hemos desarrollado un análisis teórico de las limitaciones y problemas que existen en los sistemas IFM. A pesar de que todos los experimentos realizados han consistido en prototipos para una prueba de concepto, esperamos que futuros avances tecnológicos permitan que la fotónica de microondas se convierta algún día en una realidad comercial.
[CAT] La fotònica de microones (MWP) és un camp d'investigació que estudia l'ús de tecnologies òptiques per a generar, distribuir, processar y analitzar senyals de radiofreqüència. A pesar del seu gran potencial per a resoldre alguns dels problemes als que s'enfronten les indústries electrònica i de microones, estos sistemes son voluminosos, cars i consumixen molta potència. La fotònica de microones integrada (IMWP) és un àrea emergent que promet solucionar tots estos inconvenients a través de la utilització de circuits òptics integrats (PIC). En esta tesi, hem pretés avançar un poc més en l'acostament entre estes dos disciplines. En concret, ens hem centrat en el disseny i caracterització experimental de PICs amb filtres reconfigurables basats en interferòmetres Mach-Zehnder carregats amb anells (RAMZI), i demostrat el seu potencial en diferents aplicacions d' IMWP. Els filtres RAMZI estan fets bàsicament d'un MZI simètric carregat amb anells, els quals, al seu torn, s'acoblen a les branques del interferòmetre a través de distints acobladors òptics. Les contribucions d'este treball es poden dividir en dos parts. En la primera, hem demostrat acobladors i reflectors òptics integrats amb coeficients de transmissió i reflexió variables. Estos exploten les propietats dels acobladors per interferència multimodal (MMI), i la seua robustesa els fa molt atractius per a la implementació de filtres RAMZI i de tipo reflectiu. A més a més, hem analitzat l'impacte que les toleràncies de fabricació tenen en el rendiment d'un híbrid òptic de 90 graus basat en un MMI 4x4, el qual és un element fonamental en els sistemes de comunicacions òptiques coherents. En la segona part, hem demostrat l'ús de filtres RAMZI en tres aplicacions diferents de IMWP. En concret, hem utilitzat estos filtres per a implementar sistemes de mesura de freqüència instantània (IFM), detecció directa de senyals modulades en freqüència per a enllaços fotònics, així com en filtres coherents i sintonitzables de MWP. També hem desenvolupat una anàlisi teòrica de les limitacions i problemes que existixen en els sistemes IFM. A pesar de que tots els experiments realitzats han consistit en prototips per a una prova de concepte, esperem que futurs avanços tecnològics permeten que la fotònica de microones es convertisca algun dia en una realitat comercial.
Sánchez Fandiño, JA. (2016). Integrated Optical Filters for Microwave Photonic Applications [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/67690
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Malmqvist, Robert. "Tuneable recursive active monolithic microwave integrated circuit filters /." Linköping : Univ, 2001. http://www.bibl.liu.se/liupubl/disp/disp2001/tek698s.pdf.
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Ting, Sio Weng. "Multiple-bandgap defected ground structure and its applications to highly selective microwave bandpass filters." Thesis, University of Macau, 2008. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b2182957.
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Busuioc, Dan. "Circuit Model Parameter Extraction and Optimization for Microwave Filters." Thesis, University of Waterloo, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/804.
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This thesis presents a method for parameter extraction of circuit elements from microwave filters. This diagnosis method can be applied to a sufficiently large number of filters and it can also be used in conjunction with a neural network model for filter design, greatly reducing development time. This thesis is an introduction of parameter extraction and circuit modelling through use of neural networks. It also presents an implementation of the proposed method as well as numerical results and validation data. Detailed implementation code is presented in the appendix.
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Singh, Sachin. "Analysis of microstrip defected ground structure filters on anisotropic substrates using HFSS /." abstract and full text PDF (free order & download UNR users only), 2005. http://0-wwwlib.umi.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/dissertations/fullcit/3209134.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Nevada, Reno, 2005."December 2005." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 213-220). Online version available on the World Wide Web. Library also has microfilm. Ann Arbor, Mich. : ProQuest Information and Learning Company, [2005]. 1 microfilm reel ; 35 mm.
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Zheng, Guizhen. "Low power reconfigurable microwave circuits using RF MEMS switches for wireless systems." Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005, 2005. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-05242005-135940/.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006.John Papapolymerou, Committee Chair ; Joy Laskar, Committee Member ; John Cressler, Committee Member ; Alan Doolittle, Committee Member ; Clifford Henderson, Committee Member.
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Zheng, Guizhen. "Low Power Reconfigurable Microwave Circuts Using RF MEMS Switches for Wireless Systems." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/11656.
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This dissertation presents the research on several different projects. The first project is a via-less CPW RF probe pad to microstrip transition; The second, the third, and the fourth one are reconfigurable microwave circuits using RF MEMS switches: an X-band reconfigurable bandstop filter for wireless RF frontends, an X-band reconfigurable impedance tuner for a class-E high efficiency power amplifier using RF MEMS switches, and a reconfigurable self-similar antenna using RF MEMS switches. The first project was developed in order to facilitate the on-wafer measurement for the second and the third project, since both of them are microstrip transmission line based microwave circuits. A thorough study of the via-less CPW RF probe pad to microstrip transition on silicon substrates was performed and general design rules are derived to provide design guidelines. This research work is then expanded to W-band via-less transition up to 110 GHz. The second project is to develop a low power reconfigurable monolithic bandstop filter operating at 8, 10, 13, and 15 GHz with cantilever beam capacitive MEMS switches. The filter contains microstrip lines and radial stubs that provide different reactances at different frequencies. By electrically actuating different MEMS switches, the different
reactances from different radial stubs connecting to these switches will be selected, thus, the filter will resonate at different frequencies. The third project is to develop a monolithic reconfigurable impedance tuner at 10 GHz with the cantilever DC contact MEMS switch. The impedance tuner is a two port network based on a 3bit-3bit digital design, and uses 6 radial shunt stubs that can be selected via integrated DC contact MEMS switches. By selecting different states of the switches, there will be a total of 2^6 = 64 states, which means 64 different impedances will be generated at the output port of the tuner. This will provide a sufficient tuning range for the output port of the power amplifier to maximize the power efficiency. The last project is to integrate the DC contact RF MEMS switches with self-similar planar antennas, to provide a reconfigurable antenna system that radiates with similar patterns over a wide range of frequencies.
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Wang, Li Kang. "Design of ultra-wideabnd [sic] bandpass filter with reconfigurable bandwidth and notch using microstrip and slotline structure." Thesis, University of Macau, 2017. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b3691126.
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Nair, Dileep 1976. "An accuracy controlled combined adaption-optimization scheme for improving the performance of 3D microwave devices over a frequency band /." Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=115714.
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The design of 3D microwave devices can be improved by using computational optimization techniques combined with numerical simulations of the electromagnetic field. However, high accuracy field analysis is often computationally expensive and time consuming. One way to cut costs is to vary the accuracy level of the analysis at different stages of the optimization. This idea is based on the premise that the accuracy need not be constant throughout the optimization, and so the numerical analysis can be run more cheaply without compromising design quality.This thesis presents a software system that minimizes the return loss of 3D microwave devices over a frequency band efficiently through accuracy control. It combines a custom gradient-based optimizer with a p-adaptive frequency-domain finite element solver. The solver computes the cost function and its gradient to a specified accuracy in a cost efficient manner. The p-adaptive solver comprises of two original components: an a-posteriori error estimator to evaluate the error in the cost function gradient, and an error indicator to identify the high error regions in the mesh. The optimizer controls the accuracy of the cost function evaluation through a link with the solver, specifying the required relative error for the gradient at each optimization step.
The combined adaption-optimization scheme was applied to 3D rectangular waveguide problems for validation: an E-plane miter bend, a U-bend, an impedance transformer and a compensated magic-T. For comparison, all the problems were also optimized using high-order finite elements at every step. Test results prove the computational efficiency of the new combined scheme at various stages of the optimization. In the early stages, when the element orders are low, the scheme is able to attain similar cost function reductions as the high-order analysis, with computational savings up to a factor of 25. Even in the late stages, when the accuracy is more stringent, the scheme manages a reduction in cumulative computation time of at least a factor of 4.
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Rodríguez, Pérez Ana María. "Synthesis of Planar Microwave Circuits based on Metamaterial Concepts through Aggressive Space Mapping." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/48465.
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RF and microwave applications represent one of the fastest-growing segments of
the high performance electronics market, where ongoing innovation is critical.
Manufacturers compete intensively to meet market needs with reduced cost,
size, weight and many other performance criteria demands. Under this scenario,
transmission lines based on metamaterial concepts can be considered a very
interesting alternative to the conventional transmission lines. They are more
compact (compatible with planar manufacturing processes) and present higher
degrees of design flexibility. Furthermore, metamaterial transmission lines can
also provide many other unique properties not achievable with ordinary
transmission lines, such as dispersion or impedance engineering. Nevertheless,
the impact in the industry is still not relevant, mostly due to the complexity of
the related synthesis and design procedures. These procedures are mainly based
on the engineer’s experience, with the help of costly full-wave electromagnetic
(EM) simulators and parameter extraction methods.
The aim of this thesis is to contribute to simplify and speed up the synthesis
and design procedures of artificial transmission lines. In particular, the lines
obtained by periodically loading a conventional transmission line with
electrically small resonators, such as split ring resonators (SSRs) or its
complementary particle (CSRR). The design procedure is automated by using
Space Mapping techniques. In contrast to other alternative methods, real
synthesis is found from the circuit schematic (that provides a given target
response) and without need of human intervention. Some efforts to make the
method practical and useful have been carried out. Given a certain target
response, it is determined whether it can be physically implemented with a
chosen technology, and hence proceeding next to find the synthesis, or not. For
this purpose, a two-step Aggressive Space Mapping approach is successfully
proposed.
In contrast to other methods, the real synthesis is found from certain target
circuit values (corresponding to the equivalent circuit model that characterizes
the structure to be synthesized). Different efforts have been carried out in order
to implement a useful and practical method. Some of them were focused to determine if, given certain circuit parameters (which determine the target
response) and certain given technology specifications (permittivity and height of
the substrate, technology limits), that response is physically realizable
(convergence region). This technique was successfully formulated and it is
known as “Two-Step Aggressive Space Mapping Approach”.
In this work, the latest improvements made till date, from the synthesis of
basic unit cells until different applications and kinds of metamaterial-based
circuits, are presented. The results are promising and prove the validity of the
method, as well as its potential application to other basic cells and more complex
designs. The general knowledge gained from these cases of study can be
considered a good base for a coming implementation in commercial software
tools, which can help to improve its competitiveness in markets, and also
contribute to a more general use of this technology.Rodríguez Pérez, AM. (2014). Synthesis of Planar Microwave Circuits based on Metamaterial Concepts through Aggressive Space Mapping [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/48465
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Mohammad-Taheri, Mahmoud. "Analysis of cylindrical cavity resonators loaded axisymmetrically with dielectrics for multi-mode microwave filter design." Thesis, University of Essex, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.236562.
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Drolet, Daniel J. (Daniel Joseph). "A hybrid High-Tc superconductor filter/low-noise amplifier microwave integrated circuit." Ottawa, 1994.
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Tan, Hiang Teik. "Modulation doped AlGaAs/InGaAs charge coupled device transversal filters for monolithic microwave integrated circuit applications." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.432647.
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Ahsan, Naveed. "Programmable and Tunable Circuits for Flexible RF Front Ends." Licentiate thesis, Linköping University, Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-14864.
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Most of today’s microwave circuits are designed for specific function and specialneed. There is a growing trend to have flexible and reconfigurable circuits. Circuitsthat can be digitally programmed to achieve various functions based on specific needs. Realization of high frequency circuit blocks that can be dynamically reconfigured toachieve the desired performance seems to be challenging. However, with recentadvances in many areas of technology these demands can now be met.
Two concepts have been investigated in this thesis. The initial part presents thefeasibility of a flexible and programmable circuit (PROMFA) that can be utilized formultifunctional systems operating at microwave frequencies. Design details andPROMFA implementation is presented. This concept is based on an array of genericcells, which consists of a matrix of analog building blocks that can be dynamicallyreconfigured. Either each matrix element can be programmed independently or severalelements can be programmed collectively to achieve a specific function. The PROMFA circuit can therefore realize more complex functions, such as filters oroscillators. Realization of a flexible RF circuit based on generic cells is a new concept.In order to validate the idea, a test chip has been fabricated in a 0.2μm GaAs process, ED02AH from OMMICTM. Simulated and measured results are presented along withsome key applications like implementation of a widely tunable band pass filter and anactive corporate feed network.
The later part of the thesis covers the design and implementation of tunable andwideband highly linear LNAs that can be very useful for multistandard terminals suchas software defined radio (SDR). One of the key components in the design of a flexibleradio is low noise amplifier (LNA). Considering a multimode and multiband radiofront end, the LNA must provide adequate performance within a large frequency band.Optimization of LNA performance for a single frequency band is not suitable for thisapplication. There are two possible solutions for multiband and multimode radio frontends (a) Narrowband tunable LNAs (b) Wideband highly linear LNAs. A dual bandtunable LNA MMIC has been fabricated in 0.2μm GaAs process. A self tuningtechnique has also been proposed for the optimization of this LNA. This thesis alsopresents the design of a novel highly linear current mode LNA that can be used forwideband RF front ends for multistandard applications. Technology process for thiscircuit is 90nm CMOS.
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Borges, Fabiano Rodrigo. "Tecnicas de miniaturização de filtros dieletricos em microondas." [s.n.], 2009. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/259794.
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Orientador: Hugo Enrique Hernandez FigueroaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Eletrica e de Computação
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-14T11:21:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Borges_FabianoRodrigo.pdf: 3954935 bytes, checksum: fd0b1eeed8a2cd4e9566f172cdf86b81 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009
Resumo: O trabalho mostra o desenvolvimento de um filtro na faixa de frequência de micro-ondas e sua construção usando ressoadores dielétricos de alta permissividade elétrica. A partir da definição matemática de uma função de transferência do tipo entrada-saída, que caracteriza um filtro, e do uso da teoria de síntese de redes, vista de um modo bastante simplificado, mostra-se como construir um circuito elétrico que realiza fisicamente a função de transferência do filtro. Em frequência de micro-ondas, contudo, elementos de parâmetros concentrados - resistores, indutores e capacitores - não se comportam como esperado, e a resposta de um circuito elétrico nesta frequência não é como a projetada. Para realizar fisicamente este circuito elétrico é necessário desenvolver conceitos eletromagnéticos, que passam pela definição de uma ferramenta importantíssima, chamada inversor de impedância, e seu equivalente acoplamento eletromagnético. Para restringir o trabalho, tratamos de filtros passa-faixa de banda estreita, o tipo mais comumente utilizado em aplicações de micro-ondas. A conversão do circuito elétrico obtido para um circuito constituído por elementos de parâmetros distribuídos é mostrada e fecha o ciclo teórico do trabalho. No campo de práticas experimentais de laboratório, medem-se parâmetros que permitem caracterizar o filtro eletromagnético obtido usando-se uma análise estatística rigorosa. Os resultados obtidos mostram que é possível partir de uma função matemática abstrata e chegar a um dispositivo de micro-ondas físico que provê a resposta projetada. Além disso, o uso de cerâmicas com permissividade elétrica elevada levou ao desenvolvimento de novas técnicas de alimentação para filtros do tipo projetado, e o requisito de ter-se uma grande banda de rejeição levou ao desenvolvimento de uma nova geometria para as cerâmicas usadas na construção do filtro.
Abstract: This work shows the development of a filter at microwave frequencies and its construction by means of dielectric resonators of high electric permittivity. Starting by the mathematical definition of a transfer function such as the kind input-output, which characterizes the filter, and the use of network synthesis theory, shown in a very simply way, one shows how to built an electric circuit that implements the filter's transfer function. At microwave frequencies, however, concentrated parameter elements - resistors, inductors and capacitors - do not behave as expected, and the output of an electric circuit at this frequency is not like the projected one. To implement this electric circuit, one needs to develop electromagnetic concepts, such as a very important tool, called impedance inverter, and its equivalent electromagnetic coupling. To restrain the scope of this work, we choose to develop bandpass filters of narrow bandwidth, the most common type used at microwave applications. The conversion from the electric circuit obtained for a circuit made by distributed parameter elements is shown and closes the theoretical cycle of this work. Regarding laboratory experimental practices, parameters are measured towards the characterization of the designed electromagnetic filter by means of a rigorous statistics analysis. The results obtained show that it is possible to begin with an abstract mathematical function and to end up with a microwave device that exhibits the designed response. Besides, the use of ceramics with high permittivity led to the development of new techniques for feeding the filters like the ones presented here, and the requirement of having a big stopband led to the development of a new geometry for the ceramics used to build the filter.
Universidade Estadual de Campi
Telecomunicações e Telemática
Mestre em Engenharia Elétrica
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Gupta, Saurabh. "Miniature Printed Antennas and Filters Using Volumetric Reactive Pins and Lumped Circuit Loadings." Scholar Commons, 2014. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5369.
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This dissertation presents a new technique for miniaturization of printed RF circuits and antennas. The technique is based on lumped circuit elements and volumetric reactive pin loadings. The vertical arrangement of the pins is shown to provide a meandered current path within the device volume enhancing the miniaturization achieved with sole application of lumped circuit components. The technique is applied for antenna and filter size reduction. In antenna applications, it is shown that due to the presence of the reactive pin loading the overall size of a printed antenna can be miniaturized without affecting the radiation efficiency performance. One of the major advantages of this approach over the existing miniaturization techniques is that it allows reducing the overall size of the antenna (i.e. the substrate size) in addition to its metallization footprint area. Specifically, three antenna designs are presented for GPS and ISM applications. Firstly, a miniaturized wide-band CDL antenna has been introduced. The antenna consists of two loops which are loaded with lumped inductors and coupling capacitors. The design is shown to exhibits 49% smaller footprint size as compared to a traditional patch antenna without degrading the bandwidth performance. Secondly, a circular polarized compact dual-band CDL GPS antenna loaded with lumped capacitors and vertical pins is shown. The antenna operates with >50% lesser area as compared to a traditional L2 patch antenna without degrading its radiation performance. Thirdly, a patch antenna with its cavity loaded with CSRRs is presented. The novelty of the design is that it provides circularly symmetric arrangement of CSRRs thereby enabling the antenna to exhibit circular polarization (CP). Apart from CSRR, further size reduction is obtained by simultaneously reducing the substrate size and ground plane metallization around the CSRRs and loading it with pins. The antenna is 44% smaller than a traditional patch antenna without causing degradation in the antenna's radiation efficiency performance. To extend the volumetric loading to filter applications, the last chapter of the dissertation presents a detailed analysis to understand how geometrical factors (e.g. periodicity, radius, width of the host transmission line, etc) affect the miniaturization performance and quality factor. As a design example, a 2GHz pin loaded hairline filter with 17% -3dB |S21| bandwidth and 1.5dB insertion loss is demonstrated. The footprint size of the filter is ~λ0/16×λ0/9 @ 2GHz and is 45% smaller than its traditional counterpart.
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Donado, Morcillo Carlos Alberto. "Development of lightweight and low-cost microwave components for remote-sensing applications." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/51733.
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The objective of the proposed research is to design, implement, and characterize low-cost, lightweight front-end components and subsystems in the microwave domain through innovative packaging architectures for remote sensing applications. Particular emphasis is placed on system-on-package (SoP) solutions implemented in organic substrates as a low-cost alternative to conventional, expensive, rigid, and fragile radio- frequency substrates. To this end, the dielectric properties of organic substrates RT/duroid 5880, 6002 and 6202 are presented from 30 GHz to 70 GHz, covering most of the Ka and V radar bands, giving also a thorough insight on the uncertainty of the microstrip ring resonator method by means of the Monte Carlo uncertainty analysis. Additionally, an ultra-thin, high-power antenna-array technology, with transmit/ receive (T/R) functionality is introduced for mobile applications in the X band. Two lightweight SoP T/R array panels are presented in this work using novel technologies such as Silicon Germanium integrated circuits and microelectromechanical system switches on a hybrid organic package of liquid crystal polymer and RT/duroid 5880LZ. A maximum power of 47 dBm is achieved in a package with a thickness of 1.8 mm without the need of bulky thermal management devices. Finally, to address the thermal limitations of thin-film substrates of interest (liquid crystal polymer, RT/duroid 6002, alumina and Aluminum Nitride), a thermal assessment of microstrip structures is presented in the X band, along with the thermal characterization of the dielectric properties of RT/duroid 6002 from 20 ºC to 200 ºC and from 30 GHz to 70 GHz. Additional high-power, X-band technologies presented in this work include: a novel and compact topology for evanescent mode filters, and low-profile Wilkinson power dividers implemented on Aluminum Nitride using Tantalum Nitride thin-film resistors.
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Donado, Morcillo Carlos Alberto. "Development of lightweight and low-cost microwave components for remote-sensing applications." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/47532.
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The objective of the proposed research is to design, implement, and characterize low-cost, lightweight front-end components and subsystems in the microwave domain through innovative packaging architectures for remote sensing applications. Particular emphasis is placed on system-on-package (SoP) solutions implemented in organic substrates as a low-cost alternative to conventional, expensive, rigid, and fragile radio- frequency substrates. To this end, the dielectric properties of organic substrates RT/duroid 5880, 6002 and 6202 are presented from 30 GHz to 70 GHz, covering most of the Ka and V radar bands, giving also a thorough insight on the uncertainty of the microstrip ring resonator method by means of the Monte Carlo uncertainty analysis.
Additionally, an ultra-thin, high-power antenna-array technology, with transmit/ receive (T/R) functionality is introduced for mobile applications in the X band. Two lightweight SoP T/R array panels are presented in this work using novel technologies such as Silicon Germanium integrated circuits and microelectromechanical system switches on a hybrid organic package of liquid crystal polymer and RT/duroid 5880LZ. A maximum power of 47 dBm is achieved in a package with a thickness of 1.8 mm without the need of bulky thermal management devices.
Finally, to address the thermal limitations of thin-film substrates of interest (liquid crystal polymer, RT/duroid 6002, alumina and Aluminum Nitride), a thermal assessment of microstrip structures is presented in the X band, along with the thermal characterization of the dielectric properties of RT/duroid 6002 from 20 C to 200 C and from 30 GHz to 70 GHz. Additional high-power, X-band technologies presented in this work include: a novel and compact topology for evanescent mode filters, and low-profile Wilkinson power dividers implemented on Aluminum Nitride using Tantalum Nitride thin-film resistors.
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Haidar, Ahmad. "Synthèse de filtres hyperfréquences prenant en compte le comportement dispersif des couplages." Thesis, Limoges, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIMO0105/document.
Full textAbstract:
Ces travaux de thèse concernent la mise au point d’une méthodologie de conception de filtres passe-bandes à couplages dispersifs permettant d’optimiser la sélectivité de ces filtres en générant et en contrôlant la position de zéros de transmission supplémentaires. Un état de l’art sur les différentes approches proposées dans la littérature pour la synthèse de filtres hyperfréquences à couplage dispersif est d’abord proposé. Cette analyse est illustrée par plusieurs exemples concrets, et une structure en particulier, comportant un couplage par plot capacitif, constitue le point de départ des travaux. De nouveaux éléments de couplage dispersifs ont été ensuite proposés, capables de générer aussi bien des couplages positifs que négatifs, permettant ainsi de positionner les zéros de transmission dans la bande stoppée supérieure ou inférieure. Ces éléments ont alors été intégrés dans des structures de filtrage plus complexes pour réaliser par exemple des structures en ligne possédant plusieurs zéros de transmission hors bande ou des filtres multibandes à la sélectivité renforcée. Plusieurs des dispositifs conçus ont été fabriqués et mesurés. Les résultats expérimentaux sont en bon accord avec les simulations validant ainsi l’approche proposéeThis thesis report deals with the development of a methodology for the design of bandpass filters including dispersive coupling to optimize the selectivity of these filters by generating and controlling the position of additional transmission zeros. A state of the art on the different approaches proposed in the literature for the synthesis of microwave filters with dispersive coupling is first proposed. This analysis is illustrated by several concrete examples, and a structure in particular, comprising a coupling capacitive post, is the starting point of the work. New dispersive coupling elements were then proposed, capable of generating both positive and negative couplings, thus enabling the transmission zeros to be positioned in the upper or lower stopped band. These elements have then been integrated in more complex filtering structures to achieve, for example, on-line structures having several out-of-band transmission zeros or multiband filters with enhanced selectivity. Many of the devices designed have been manufactured and measured. The experimental results are in good agreement with the simulations validating the proposed approach
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Naqui, Garolera Jordi. "Symmetry properties in transmission lines loaded with electrically small resonators circuit modeling and application to common-mode suppressed differential lines, microwave sensors, and spectral signature barcodes." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/283901.
Full textAbstract:
Esta tesis se centra en el análisis, modelado circuital y aplicaciones de líneas de transmisión cargadas con resonadores eléctricamente pequeños (por ejemplo, resonadores de anillos abiertos -SRR- o resonadores de salto de impedancia -SIR-) sujetos a consideraciones de simetría. Los resultados obtenidos en esta tesis expanden el estado del arte en el marco de líneas de transmisión cargadas con resonadores i líneas de transmisión basadas en metamateriales. Por esta razón, primero revisamos la teoría fundamental de metamateriales y resonadores eléctricamente pequeños.
A continuación presentamos algunos avances en los modelos circuitales equivalentes con elementos concentrados de líneas de transmisión cargadas con resonadores basados en metamateriales: (a) modelamos el acoplamiento magnetoeléctrico entre la línea de transmisión y los resonadores, dado que éste se debe tener en cuenta dependiendo de la orientación relativa entre la línea y los resonadores, particularmente cuando la estructura es simétrica en el plano medio; (b) aplicando la teoría de estructuras periódicas infinitas utilizando matrices de transmisión de cuatros puertos, mostramos que el acoplamiento entre resonadores en líneas de transmisión cargadas con resonadores aumenta el ancho de banda de rechazo debido a la aparición de modos complejos; e (c) inferimos los límites en el rango de valores de inductancia y capacidad que se pueden implementar de resonadores serie conectados en derivación por medio de stubs en derivación de salto de impedancia.
Después, analizamos y modelamos el comportamiento de líneas de transmisión cargadas con resonadores en base a propiedades de simetría. Mostramos que las características de la banda de rechazo (frecuencia, ancho de banda y/o magnitud) se pueden controlar en términos de simetría en el plano medio de las estructuras. Los resultados indican que la orientación de los resonadores con respecto a la línea determina la magnitud y naturaleza (eléctrico y/o magnético) de su acoplamiento, que a su vez modula las características de atenuación. La orientación más interesante es aquella donde la condición de resonancia se inhibe, y en consecuencia la correspondiente línea de transmisión cargada exhibe una respuesta paso todo.
Finalmente, demostramos la aplicabilidad de la teoría derivada a partir de consideraciones de simetría para propósitos de filtrado, sensado y codificación: (a) sintetizamos líneas microstrip diferenciales con rechazo del modo común, donde se obtiene una supresión de banda ancha para el modo común mientras que el modo diferencial es prácticamente inafectado; (b) proponemos sensores espaciales para la medición de alineamiento, desplazamiento, posición y velocidades; (c) también presentamos un sensor y comparador diferencial para medidas de permitividad. La principal ventaja de los sensores basados en propiedades de simetría reportados es su robustez inherente frente a factores medioambientales variables; y (d) proponemos un mecanismo de codificación alternativo para el diseño de etiquetas de identificación por radio frecuencia (RFID) sin chip basadas en firma espectral, donde la orientación relativa de los resonadores determina los valores binarios del código.
Prototipos de prueba de concepto (en tecnologías microstrip y guía de ondas coplanar) respaldan la validez y potencialidad de la estrategia propuesta basada en simetría. A lo largo de esta tesis, se obtiene una buena concordancia entre las simulaciones circuitales, las simulaciones electromagnéticas y los resultados experimentales.This thesis focuses on the analysis, circuit modeling, and applications of transmission lines loaded with electrically small resonators (e.g. split ring resonators -SRRs- or stepped impedance resonators -SIRs-) subjected to symmetry considerations. The results obtained in this thesis expand the state-of-the-art in the frame of metamaterial-based and resonator-loaded transmission lines. For this reason, we first review the fundamental theory of metamaterials and electrically small resonators. Next, we present some advances in the lumped-element equivalent circuit models of transmission lines loaded with electrically small resonators: (a) we model magnetoelectric coupling between the transmission line and the resonators, since it must be considered depending on the relative line-to-resonator orientation, particularly when the structure is symmetric at the midplane; (b) by applying the theory of infinite periodic structures using four-port transmission matrices, we show that inter-resonator coupling in resonator-loaded transmission lines enhances the stopband bandwidth due to the appearance of complex modes; and (c) we infer the limits on the range of implementable values of inductance and capacitance of shunt-connected series resonators by means of stepped-impedance shunt-stubs. Afterwards, we analyze and model the behavior of resonator-loaded transmission lines on the basis of symmetry properties. We show that stopband characteristics (frequency, bandwidth, and/or magnitude) can be controlled in terms of symmetry at the midplane of the structures. The results indicate that the orientation of the resonators with regard to the line determines the line-to-resonator coupling strength and nature (electric and/or magnetic), which in turn modulates the attenuation characteristics. The most interesting orientation is the one where resonance condition is inhibited, and accordingly the corresponding loaded-transmission line exhibits an all-pass response. Finally, we demonstrate the applicability of the theory derived from symmetry considerations for filtering, sensing, and encoding purposes: (a) we synthesize differential microstrip lines with common-mode rejection, where wideband suppression is obtained for the common mode while the differential mode is practically unaffected; (b) we propose spatial sensors for alignment, displacement, position, and velocity measurements; (c) we also present a differential sensor and comparator for permittivity measurements. The main advantage of the reported symmetry-based sensors is their inherent robustness against variable environmental factors; and (d) we propose an alternative encoding mechanism for the design of spectral signature-based chipless radio-frequency identification (RFID) tags, where the relative orientation of the resonators determines the binary values of the code. Proof-of-concept prototypes (in microstrip or coplanar waveguide technologies) support the validity and potentiality of the proposed symmetry-based approach. Throughout this thesis, the circuit simulations, the electromagnetic simulations, and the experimental results are in good agreement.
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Hueso, González Jaime. "Analysis of wedge-shaped waveguides and design of multipactor-resistant microwave bandpass filters. Análisis de guías de onda en forma de cuña y diseño de filtros de microondas paso-banda resistentes al efecto multipactor." Doctoral thesis, Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/33750.
Full textAbstract:
El efecto multipactor de ruptura en RF ha sido objeto de numerosos estudios desde
hace más de 80 años, a partir del desarrollo de los primeros aceleradores de partículas en
la primera mitad del siglo XX. A mediados de ese siglo, con el desarrollo de fuentes de alta
potencia para aplicaciones radar y la llegada de los satélites artificiales, la investigación del
multipactor cobró una considerable relevancia, al convertirse este fenómeno en un riesgo
determinante para costosos proyectos comerciales. Las guías de onda con secciones rectas
canónicas, como las rectangulares o las coaxiales, han sido tradicionalmente las más utilizadas
en dispositivos de microondas. Sus principales ventajas son que sus campos electromagnéticos pueden resolverse analíticamente, lo que permite su aplicación directa en diseños
complejos, y la simplicidad de su fabricación. Pero las capacidades de computación y las
prestaciones de los algoritmos se han multiplicado con los años, lo que ha permitido ampliar
el espectro de posibles topologías a geometrías casi arbitrarias, ofreciendo al diseñador una
mayor libertad creativa. En todo caso, gran parte de los dispositivos de microondas actuales
siguen confiando en la madurez y fiabilidad de las tecnologías de guía de onda tradicionales,
que no requieren una inversión adicional en equipos de fabricación. La supresión del efecto
multipactor es la motivación para arriesgarse a probar topologías de guía de onda innovadoras,
como la guía en forma de cuña.
Es en este contexto donde este trabajo de doctorado pretende ofrecer una contribuci'on.
En primer lugar, se ha desarrollado un modelo numérico para predecir el efecto multipactor
de ruptura en guías de onda huecas en forma de cuña. Esta herramienta ha permitido la
identificación de criterios óptimos de diseño. Así mismo, se ha adaptado un método de
síntesis de filtros paso-banda en guía rectangular para poder realizar un diseño similar pero
basado en la nueva topología. Como culminación, las estructuras diseñadas se han fabricado
y medido, con el fin de comprobar sus prestaciones electromagnéticas y su sensibilidad al
efecto multipactor. Se ha registrado además una patente para proteger estos nuevos filtros.
En resumen, el trabajo ha abarcado el ciclo de actividades relacionadas con el desarrollo
industrial completo de un dispositivo pasivo de microondas: investigación básica, análisis,
diseño, fabricación y calificación con medidas en el laboratorio.
Estas medidas han comprobado la mejora prevista en los umbrales de multipactor de los
filtros de microondas con topología en forma de cu¿na, y han confirmado que pueden ofrecer
respuestas en frecuencia similares a aquellas de filtros basados en una guía de onda rectangular
equivalente. Las implicaciones de los resultados han sido evaluadas a fondo y resumidas en este documento. Como observación final, se ha intentado redactar esta investigación de
manera que refleje el proceso natural de aprendizaje, mostrando los aciertos y errores experimentados
en el camino, todos los cuales han conducido al resultado final. Este reto no
hubiera sido posible sin el apoyo y compromiso de varios profesionales de diferentes centros
de investigación e industrias europeas (Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Universidad de
Valencia, Agencia Espacial Europea, Thales Alenia Espacio Espa¿na, Technische Universit¿at
Darmstadt, 'Ecole Polythecnique F'ed'erale de Lausanne, Tesat, Aurora Software and Testing
y Val Space Consortium), a los cuales estoy agradecido.The multipactor RF breakdown effect has been object of numerous studies for over 80 years, since the development of the first particle accelerators in the beginning of the 20th century. Around the middle of that century, with the development of high power sources for radar applications and with the emergence of the artificial satellites, a new impulse was given to the multipactor research, since it became a risk for expensive commercial projects. Traditionally, waveguides with canonical cross sections, like rectangular or coaxial ones, have been the building blocks of most microwave devices. Their main advantages are that their electromagnetic fields can be solved analytically, enabling their direct application in complex designs, as well as their manufacturing simplicity. But over the years the computation capabilities and algorithms have continuously evolved, which has broadened the spectrum of possible topologies to almost arbitrary geometries, offering the designer more room for creativity. However, most of the current microwave devices still trust on the mature canonical waveguide technologies, which do not require an additional investment in manufacturing equipment. The suppression of the multipactor effect is the motivation for considering an innovative waveguide topology, like the wedge-shaped waveguide. It is within this context where this PhD work aims to offer a contribution. On the one hand, a numerical model for predicting the multipactor breakdown effect in wedge-shaped hollow waveguides has been developed. This tool has aided in the derivation of optimised design criteria. On the other hand, a bandpass filter synthesis method for rectangular waveguide has been adapted in order to calculate a similar design based on the new topology. As a culmination, the designed structures have been manufactured and tested, in order to verify their electromagnetic performance and their multipactor sensibility. A patent was also filed to protect these new filters. In short, this work has comprised the cycle of activities related to the whole industrial development of a passive microwave device: basic research, analysis, design, manufacturing and qualification through testing. These measurements have verified the predicted improvement in the multipactor thresholds of microwave filters with wedge-shaped topology, and have confirmed that they can offer similar frequency responses to the equivalent rectangular waveguide ones. The implications of the results have been thoroughly evaluated and summarised in this document. As a final remark, this research document has been drafted to reflect the natural learning process, and to show the rights and wrongs experienced in the way, which all have led to the final result. Such an endeavour would not have been possible without the support and commitment of several professionals from different European research centres and industries (Universidad Polit'ecnica de Valencia, Universidad de Valencia, European Space Agency, Thales Alenia Espacio Spain, Technische Universit¿at Darmstadt, 'Ecole Polythecnique F'ed'erale de Lausanne, Tesat, Aurora Software and Testing and Val Space Consortium), for which I am grateful.
Hueso González, J. (2013). Analysis of wedge-shaped waveguides and design of multipactor-resistant microwave bandpass filters. Análisis de guías de onda en forma de cuña y diseño de filtros de microondas paso-banda resistentes al efecto multipactor [Tesis doctoral]. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/33750
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Contreras, Lizarraga Adrián Arturo. "Multimodal microwave filters." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/134931.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis presents the conception, design and implementation of new topologies of multimodal microwave resonators and filters, using a combination of uniplanar technologies such as coplanar waveguide (CPW), coplanar strips (CPS) and slotlines. The term "multimodal" refers to uniplanar circuits in which the two fundamental modes of the CPW propagate (the even and the odd mode). By using both modes of the CPW, it is possible to achieve added functions, such as additional transmission zeros to increase the rejection, or to attenuate harmonic frequencies to improve the out-of-band rejection. Moreover, it is demonstrated that by using multimodal circuits, it is possible to reduce the length of of a conventional filter up to 80%. In addition to bandpass filters, new topologies of compact band-stop filters are developed. The proposed band-stop filters make use of slow-wave resonators to decrease the total area of the filters and achieve compact topologies.
This work also addresses the development of synthesis techniques for each multimodal filter. The design equations were obtained from generalized multimodal circuits available in the literature, which have been adapted for each particular case and modeled as basic filter components, such as immitance inverters or lumped elements. By using the proposed synthesis equations, it is possible to design filters with a desired response and relative bandwidth. The use of the proposed synthesis enables a fast analysis and design of multimodal filters using circuit simulators.
As an added feature, several reconfigurable and tunable filter topologies were demonstrated, using active devices (PIN diodes and varactors) or RF-MEMS. These new topologies demonstrate the flexibility of multimodal circuits. For the RF-MEMS-based tunable filters, different capacitive and ohmic switches were designed, fabricated and measured. As an example of the additional degrees of freedom using of RF-MEMS and multimodal CPW circuits, a reconfigurable filter using RF-MEMS switchable air-bridges as a reconfiguration device has been demonstrated in this work for the first time.
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Llamas, Garro Ignacio. "Micromachined microwave filters." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2003. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/102/.
Full textAbstract:
Microwave circuits in the millimetre wave region demand low loss, and low dispersion transmission lines. The work carried out in this thesis is on low loss transmission lines and filters, based on a square coaxial transmission line which is made only of metal, avoiding dielectric and radiation losses. The metal structure inside the square coaxial transmission line is supported by stubs, which provide the mechanical support for the centre conductor for the coaxial transmission lines and filters. The coaxial structure is made by stacking thick planar layers of material to suit microfabrication, providing the means to design high Q Microwave and RF passive devices, this transmission line structure is compact compared with a microstrip or a stripline, and gives better loss performance. Through this thesis, the way of optimising the square coaxial transmission line to provide a low loss will be presented, which will end in the presentation of one dielectric supported coaxial structure and three self supported filters, three of them were designed for the X-band, and one of them was designed for the Ka band. The application of the coaxial transmission line is demonstrated with wideband and narrow band designs.
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Cheng, Leong Ching. "Ferroelectric microwave circuits." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2009. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/6578/.
Full textAbstract:
Ferroelectric materials have been found to be particularly attractive materials for the development of tunable microwave devices over the past few decades due to their distinctive characteristic that is the variation of dielectric constant as a function of electric field. In this research project, the work on how the finite difference method (FDM), a computational technique, is modified to suit the evaluation of the cross-sectional field distribution of a ferroelectric-based transmission line is presented and the results are verified. The modified FDM was employed for determining the effective dielectric constant (Ɛeff) and the characteristic impedance (Zc) of ferroelectric-based structures where the spatial variation of dielectric constant was taken into consideration. A significant portion of this research is focused on the application of ferroelectric materials in designing tunable microwave devices. Two optimised phase shifters incorporating Barium Strontium Titanate (Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3 or BST) ferroelectric thin-films are designed, fabricated and measured. One is based on simple coplanar waveguide (CPW) transmission line, and another is based on tapered CPW structure. To date, no work on tunable attenuator using ferroelectric materials has ever been reported, as contrary to other extensively studied ferroelectric-based tunable microwave devices, namely tunable resonators, filters, and phase shifters. In this work, a novel design of tunable attenuator integrating BST thin-films is presented and verified with experimental results from a similar design of tunable attenuator based on Roger/Duroid 6010LM substrate of dielectric constant 10.2. The application of ferroelectric thin-films enables continuous variation of attenuation under controlled bias voltages with significant size and weight reduction in the overall device.
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Silva, Neto Valdemir Praxedes da. "Caracteriza??o de circuitos planares de micro-ondas pelo m?todo iterativo das ondas." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2013. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/15480.
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Previous issue date: 2013-07-26The planar circuits are structures that increasingly attracting the attention of researchers, due the good performance and capacity to integrate with other devices, in the prototyping of systems for transmitting and receiving signals in the microwave range. In this context, the study and development of new techniques for analysis of these devices have significantly contributed in the design of structures with excellent performance and high reliability. In this work, the full-wave method based on the concept of electromagnetic waves and the principle of reflection and transmission of waves at an interface, Wave Concept Iterative Procedure (WCIP), or iterative method of waves is described as a tool with high precision study microwave planar circuits. The proposed method is applied to the characterization of planar filters, microstrip antennas and frequency selective surfaces. Prototype devices were built and the experimental results confirmed the proposed mathematical model. The results were also compared with simulated results by Ansoft HFSS, observing a good agreement between them.
Os circuitos planares s?o estruturas que atraem cada vez mais a aten??o dos pesquisadores, pelo bom desempenho e pela capacidade de integra??o com outros dispositivos, na prototipagem de sistemas de transmiss?o e recep??o de sinais na faixa de micro-ondas. Neste contexto, o estudo e o desenvolvimento de novas t?cnicas de an?lise desses dispositivos t?m contribu?do de forma significativa na concep??o de estruturas com desempenhos excelentes e alto grau de confiabilidade. Neste trabalho, o m?todo de onda completa baseado no conceito de ondas eletromagn?ticas e no princ?pio da reflex?o e transmiss?o de ondas em uma interface, Wave Concept Iterative Procedure (WCIP), ou m?todo iterativo das ondas ? descrito como uma ferramenta com alto grau de precis?o no estudo de circuitos planares de micro-ondas. O m?todo proposto ? aplicado na caracteriza??o de filtros planares, antenas de microfita e superf?cies seletivas de frequ?ncia. Prot?tipos dos dispositivos foram constru?dos e os resultados experimentais comprovaram o modelo matem?tico proposto. Os resultados obtidos tamb?m foram comparados com os resultados simulados pelo Ansoft HFSS, tendo sido observada uma boa concord?ncia entre eles
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Hizan, Hizamel Mohd. "Integrated microwave filters and antennas." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.540574.
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Sun, Shuo. "Parameter Estimation of Microwave Filters." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2015. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc822826/.
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The focus of this thesis is on developing theories and techniques to extract lossy microwave filter parameters from data. In the literature, the Cauchy methods have been used to extract filters’ characteristic polynomials from measured scattering parameters. These methods are described and some examples are constructed to test their performance. The results suggest that the Cauchy method does not work well when the Q factors representing the loss of filters are not even. Based on some prototype filters and the relationship between Q factors and the loss, we conduct preliminary studies on alternative representations of the characteristic polynomials. The parameters in these new models are extracted using the Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm to accurately estimate characteristic polynomials and the loss information.
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Miller, Alexander. "Electronically reconfigurable wideband microwave filters." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/2580.
Full textAbstract:
Many systems require multi function capability in the filter aspects of systems; the method currently used is filter banks which take up a lot of board space. It is thought that reconfigurable filters hold the key to replacing filter banks in order to save board space and thus potentially increasing functionality of the systems. The aim of this research is to develop electronically reconfigurable microwave filters for future communication systems. The project investigates some key design issues of reconfigurable filters. Circuits were modelled and full-wave electromagnetic simulations were performed for the investigation. Experimental work was carried out to demonstrate advanced reconfigurable microwave devices. The components used in each concept investigated were pin diodes due to their superior performance in wideband and high frequency applications. Firstly a single coupled line concept was looked at for bandwidth reconfigurability. This concept was then further developed for industrial applications by simply cascading these sections to obtain a high selective filter. A design method was developed for any number of cascades both with and without an impedance transformer; the use of LCP was used to increase flexibility due to its desirable characteristics. The most desirable outcome would be filter to simultaneously control bandwidth and frequency. In order to tackle this issue the coupled line concept was adapted to incorporate frequency tunability, along with a design method being presented. Furthermore, a cascaded highpass/ lowpass filter was also explored for this concept for added flexibility in the design of a filter capable of control of both bandwidth and center frequency.
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Moazzam, Mohammad Reza. "Novel design techniques for microwave filters." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.295724.
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Orellana, Gutiérrez Marco Antonio. "Diseño de filtros de microondas basados en líneas de transmisión de onda lenta mediante técnicas de space mapping." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/399522.
Full textAbstract:
Este trabajo representa una contribución a las líneas de transmisión artificiales. Específicamente se pudo diseñar de forma automática estructuras (líneas de transmisión) de onda lenta basadas en parches capacitivos de EBGs (del inglés, Electromagnetic Band Gaps) a frecuencias de microondas. Estas estructuras presentan una razón de onda lenta que produce una reducción del tamaño del circuito de microondas, puesto que la longitud de onda en la estructura es menor que en una línea de transmisión ordinaria. Además si se concatenan varias estructuras de onda lenta es posible obtener bandas de rechazo y así suprimir bandas espurias. Se dedica un capítulo a la síntesis de estas estructuras.
Estas estructuras optimizadas podrán encontrar varias aplicaciones, donde se sustituye una línea de transmisión ordinaria por una línea de transmisión artificial. Se tomará en cuenta la impedancia característica de la línea ordinaria y su longitud eléctrica a una frecuencia de operación para la síntesis de estas líneas de transmisión de onda lenta.
En la tesis se pudo aplicar éste método de diseño de estructuras de onda lenta a la síntesis automática de filtros pasabanda de banda ancha, en concreto, se realizó una mejora a los filtros de Levy. Se incorporaron estructuras EBG para reducir la longitud del filtro y además suprimir el primer espurio, se logró obtener una amplia banda de rechazo debido a la concatenación de varias estructuras de onda lenta. Para los filtros mejorados se obtuvo respuestas electromagnéticas que coinciden muy bien con el filtro canónico de Levy.
Por último se pudo sintetizar filtros pasabanda basados en pares de líneas acopladas con carga capacitiva a frecuencias de microondas. Se presentaron dos ejemplos de filtros Chebyshev, se obtuvo una gran coincidencia (ajuste en los ceros de reflexión, ancho de banda y frecuencia central) en la respuesta electromagnética y el esquemático ideal al sintetizar cada sección de los filtros por separado y luego concatenar las secciones optimizadas. Estos filtros muestran el efecto de onda lenta y se reduce su longitud, además es posible suprimir las bandas espurias hasta varios armónicos. Debido a las propiedades de los EBG son filtros muy eficientes suprimiendo espurios.
Ambas aplicaciones se implementan completamente en tecnología planar y su síntesis se debe gracias al funcionamiento en conjunto del programa Matlab y de un simulador electromagnético. A la vez estos resultados son posibles gracias a un algoritmo ASM (Aggressive Space Mapping) que permite obtener soluciones óptimas.This work represents a contribution to the artificial transmission lines. Specifically had been designed automatically slow wave structures (artificial transmission lines) based on capacitive patches of EBGs (Electromagnetic Band Gaps) at microwave frequencies. These structures present a slow wave ratio that produces a miniaturization of the microwave circuit, since the wavelength in the structure is smaller than in an ordinary transmission line. Also, if several slow-wave structures are concatenated is possible to obtain stop bands and thus suppress spurious bands. A chapter of the thesis is devoted to the synthesis of these structures. These optimized structures will find various applications where an ordinary transmission line is replaced by an artificial transmission line. For the synthesis of these artificial transmission lines (slow wave structures), the characteristic impedance of the ordinary line and the electrical length at an operating frequency will be taken into account. On the thesis we could apply this method of designing slow wave structures to the automatic synthesis of wideband bandpass filters, in particular, an improvement was done to the Levy filters. EBG structures are incorporated to reduce the length of the filter and also to suppress the first spurious band, it was possible to obtain a wide rejection band due to the concatenation of several slow-wave structures. For the improved filters, the electromagnetic response matches very well with the canonical Levy filter response. Finally it was possible to synthesize bandpass filters based on Capacitively-Loaded Coupled Lines at microwave frequencies. Two examples of Chebyshev filters were reported, a great coincidence (adjustment of the reflection zeros, bandwidth and center frequency) in the electromagnetic response of the final layout and of the ideal schematic, synthesizing each section of the filters separately and then concatenating the optimized sections. These filters show the slow wave effect and its length are reduced, and it is also possible to suppress spurious bands up to several harmonics. Due to the properties of the EBG structures these filters are very efficient suppressing spurious bands. Both applications are fully implemented in planar technology and its synthesis is thanks to the whole operation of the Matlab program and of an electromagnetic simulator. Also these results are possible by an ASM (Aggressive Space Mapping) algorithm that allows to find optimal solutions.
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Christoffersen, Carlos Enrique. "Global Modeling of Nonlinear Microwave Circuits." NCSU, 2000. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-20001206-175435.
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A global modeling concept for modeling microwave circuits isdescribed. This concept allows the modeling of electromagnetic (EM)and thermal effects to be included in the simulation of electroniccircuits, by viewing EM and thermal subsystems as subcircuits. Then,circuit analysis techniques are developed from a general statevariable reduction formulation. This general formulation, based on thestate variables of the nonlinear devices, allows the analysis of largemicrowave circuits because it reduces the size of the nonlinear systemof equations to be solved. One of the derived analysis techniques isbased on convolution and therefore provides modeling offrequency-defined network elements not present in conventional circuitsimulators. Another analysis technique based on wavelets that wouldenable the multiresolution analysis of circuits is investigated. Also,a reduced state variable formulation using conventional time marchingschemes is developed. It is shown that this can achieve more than anorder of magnitude improvement in simulation speed compared to that oftraditional circuit simulation methods. All these developments areimplemented in a circuit simulator program, called Transim. Thisprogram provides unprecedented flexibility for the addition of newdevice models or circuit analysis algorithms. Transim supports thelocal reference concept, which is fundamental to the analysis ofspatially distributed circuits and also to simultaneousthermal-electrical simulations. Transim is applied to the transientsimulation of a 47-section nonlinear transmission line consideringfrequency dependent attenuation for the first time and the transientsimulation, also for the first time, of two quasi-optical poweramplifier arrays.
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Verner, William J. "Microwave performance of thick-film circuits." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.356901.
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Smuk, Jeffrey William Carleton University Dissertation Engineering Electrical. "Hybrid semiconductive/superconductive microwave integrated circuits." Ottawa, 1991.
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Williams, Wyman L. Rutledge David B. Rutledge David B. "Computer-aided measurement of microwave circuits /." Diss., Pasadena, Calif. : California Institute of Technology, 1989. http://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-02162007-080706.
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Marchetti, S. "Wedge diffraction in planar microwave circuits." Thesis, University of Bath, 1992. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.303082.
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Pal, Srikanta. "Novel superconducting microwave filters for wireless communications." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.275238.
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Phudpong, Padisan. "Nonlinear microwave filters for frequency selective limiting." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.487749.
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This thesis presents a new method for suppressing interfering signals in wideband microwave receivers, such as electronic support measure (ESM) systems. ESM systems operate over a wide dynamic range and RF bandwidth in a dense signal environment, where large amplitude interfering signals of unknown frequency make it difficult to detect and identify signals of interest.
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Thomson, Neil Andrew. "Advanced design of miniature wideband microwave filters." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/111.
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Al-Mahmoud, Abdulrazzak M. "Microwave passive tunable and active bandpass filters." Thesis, Cranfield University, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.309711.
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Wang, Xu. "Tunable microwave filters using ferroelectric thin films." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2009. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/1227/.
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Frequency agile microwave devices based on Barium Strontium Titanate (BST) thin films have gained a lot of interest in recent years. The frequency agility of the ferroelectric devices is based on the external DC electric field controlled permittivity of BST thin film. In this research work, several tunable microwave filters incorporating BST thin film varactors operating in a frequency range between 1 GHz and 25 GHz are designed, tested and analysed. A lumped element lowpass filter incorporating integrated meander line inductors and BST parallel plate capacitors is implemented on a high resistivity silicon substrate and demonstrates 32.1 % tuning of the cut-off frequency at 15 V. A combline bandpass filter employing integrated BST parallel plate varactors as tuning elements is implemented on a MgO substrate and shows a reasonable tuning from about 8 GHz to 12 GHz with 10 V bias of only one resonator. Two pole and four pole coupled resonator bandpass filters with discrete BST or GaAs varactors as tuning elements are implemented in a frequency range of 1 - 3 GHz. The filters based on BST parallel plate capacitors show an insertion loss in line with the GaAs filters, which is also the lowest insertion loss of BST filters ever reported. Future work on improving the BST film and metal film loss at tens of gigahertz range is also discussed.
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Alburaikan, Abdullah. "Metamaterial structure inspired miniature RF/microwave filters." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2016. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/metamaterial-structure-inspired-miniature-rfmicrowave-filters(5e1dee93-038a-42ef-99ad-669ecc4b4763).html.
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Novel feedback signal interference concept for bandpass filter (BPF) design is proposed in this thesis. This new concept was utilized to design wide stopband BPF with superior performance for WLAN applications. The proposed filtering structure consists of two simple coupled-line couplers. The first coupler was employed within the main signal path and the second coupler which is open circuited at the opposite ends was used for the feedback circuit. This new filtering structure was fabricated using low temperature co-fired ceramic technology. The fabricated BPF exhibits an insertion loss (IL) of -1.3 dB with a 3dB fractional bandwidth of 13% at a centre frequency of 2.4 GHz. Furthermore, an attenuation level of -15 dB is achieved up to 4.7fo. Using stepped impedance coupled-lines in the feedback; the stopband performance of the proposed structure can be significantly improved while keeping passband performance intact. Furthermore, the feedback signal interference concept proved to be versatile and can be used to design high selectivity microstrip BPF using composite right/left handed transmission line unit cell in the feedback circuit. The measured results show that roll-up/down rate of more than 300 dB/GHz can be achieved with low IL.The spectrum based quality factor for CRLH TL based BPF is explored and thoroughly studied in this thesis to design a low phase noise oscillator. The proposed metamaterial BPF has higher spectrum based quality factor within the left-handed region due to the slow-wave propagation. This intriguing feature enables the design of a free-running oscillator with excellent phase noise performance operating at a frequency of 2.05 GHz. The fabricated oscillator demonstrates a phase noise of -126.7 dBc/Hz at 100 kHz frequency offset and a FOM of -207.2 dBc/Hz at a 1 MHz frequency offset, being one of the very best reported so far. Many microstrip multi-band BPF design techniques are presented in the literature that offers superior performance in terms of IL, 3dB FBW, and high selectivity. These methods mainly lack the ability to obtain high performance with compact size. Coupled slotted open stubs are used to design a miniaturized dual-wideband BPF. Interdigital capacitor and inner open stubs are used to improve rejection level within the stopbands and increase selectivity. The measurement results reveal that the fabricated dual-wideband BPF has two passbands with a 3dB FBW of 117% and 36%, at respective centre frequencies of 1 GHz and 6.65 GHz. The filter has a super compact size (0.09 Gammag × 0.05 Gammag) where Gammag denotes the guided wavelength at the centre frequency of the first passband and exhibits an attenuation level greater than 20 dB up to 12 GHz.
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Meng, Meng. "Design and synthesis of lossy microwave filters." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2014. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/7379/.
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The design of microwave filters starts from the derivation of a defined lowpass prototype network. A general lossy synthesis method is given which can 1) derive the reflection function from the transfer function when the unitary condition is not satisfied; 2) find the expressions for the complex admittance parameters and 3) synthesize the lossy coupling matrix (CM) with prescribed loss distributions. Two special cases are discussed for solving the refection function from a prescribed transfer function. An alternative approach to cope with loss is studied. In a transversal array, some resonators can be replaced by their low-Q alternatives to reduce the manufacture cost as well as the cavity size. The exact values for the dissipations of resonators or couplings can be determined analytically or by methods of gradient based optimizations. A method of CM synthesis with non-ideal load is given which can be used in designing diplexers or multiplexers. Filter networks matching to complex load impedances can be found by renormalizing reference impedances. An iteration method is introduced which can deal with frequency variant load and can deliver the required reflection zeros. A method for the synthesis of directional filters is presented which can be used for designing combiners. While each section of directional filters provides a 1st order response, more complex filter characteristics can be realized by cascading those single sections. By proper transformations, directional filter networks can be realized using normal resonators and couplings. An example utilizing coaxial resonator is given. A method for the analysis of 2-D lumped element networks is presented. The method is based on the general telegrapher’s equations of multi-wire transmission lines. A 2-D lumped element network is equivalent to a combination of sub-networks which support single mode propagations. The method can be applied to the analysis of metamaterials and can be used for the design of waffle-iron filters.
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Linton, David. "Microwave circuit interconnect and characterization." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.317557.
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Decle, Colin Daniel. "Novel metamaterial structures for microwave component and circuit performance enhancements." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2015. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/novel-metamaterial-structures-for-microwave-component-and-circuit-performance-enhancements(c446a06c-7a46-4368-801c-76230eb0a104).html.
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In the thesis presented, three novel uni-planar left handed transmission lines based on Complementary Split Ring Resonators (CSRR) and Complementary Spiral Resonator (CSR) metamaterial particles are proposed for the first time and successfully applied for the performance enhancement of conventional coupled line filters and the design of a full scan leaky wave antenna. Based on the implementation of Complementary Split Ring Resonators (CSRR) a fully planar Composite Right left handed transmission line (CRLH-TL) plus a Dual Composite Right Left Handed transmission line (D-CRLH-TL) are proposed, designed and studied. The CRLH transmission line is realized loading a microstrip host line with CSRR metamaterial particles and capacitive gaps on the conductor strip of the line, while the D-CRLH transmission line is built bridging the capacitive gaps between the CSRR's with inductive connections to induce dual propagation properties in the structure. A further performance enhancement is achieved by a second proposal based on the implementation of Complementary Spiral Resonators (CSRs). The studies applied to the structure reveal that conditions for D-CRLH propagation are created in a transmission line composed only by CSR metamaterial resonant particles as the result of the unique electromagnetic properties acquired by the CSRs etched on the conductor line of a microstrip waveguide. The CSRR/CSR based D-CRLH transmission lines proposed are applied in the design of two enhanced coupled line filters. The implementation is possible for the first time in this work as result of the highly versatile layout features of the left handed transmission lines proposed which among other important geometrical features, allows couplings in both sides of the structure. Enhanced filtering features are reached by the metamaterial based coupled line filters proposed in terms of selectivity and size reduction in comparison with conventional coupled line filters. In the case of the CSRR loaded metamaterial coupled line filter a size reduction of 49% is achieved compared with a filter of similar performance. A further enhancement is reached by the second coupled filter proposed based on CSR metamaterial resonant particles. The CSR coupled filter proposed reach a roll off rate improvement of 8 dB/GHz and size reduction of 43% in comparison with a conventional coupled line filter of the same order. When this is compared against a conventional coupled line filter of similar performance but higher order, a remarkable size reduction of 77% is achieved by the proposed CSR coupled line filter. Finally, the CSR loaded D-CRLH transmission line is applied in the design of a fully planar leaky wave antenna. Using the CSR structures etched on the conductor line of a microstrip as part of the radiation mechanism altogether with the D-CRLH propagation features of the structure. A full scan radiation pattern is created with backward, forward and broadside radiation as result of the left handed propagation band, right handed propagation band and the balanced transition between them. Two leaky wave antennas are designed to operate at the centre frequencies of 12.5GHz and 6.0GHz. In order to corroborate the performance the CSR D-CRLH leaky wave antenna operating at 6.0GHz is fabricated and measured showing a scanning range of 30 deg with a maximum gain of 13.2 dBi.
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Compton, Richard C. Rutledge David B. "Analysis of millimeter and microwave integrated circuits /." Diss., Pasadena, Calif. : California Institute of Technology, 1987. http://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-02282008-135956.
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Delbecq, Matthieu. "Coupling quantum dot circuits to microwave cavities." Paris 6, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA066491.
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Cette these a eu pour objet de realiser experimentalement l’integration de circuits de boite quantique (qd) dans une architecture d’electrodynamique quantique en cavite sur circuit (cqed). L’interet de ces systemes hybrides reside dans l’interaction lumiere-matiere qui s’opere entre les photons de la cavite microonde et les electrons du qd. Dans ce travail de these, il a ete choisi d’utiliser des nanotubes de carbone comme materiau pour les qds. En effet, ils permettent l’observation de differents regimes de transport electronique (fabry-perot, blocage de coulomb et kondo) et ils sont egalement polyvalents vis-a-vis des materiaux avec lesquels il est possible de les contacter (metal normal, supraconducteur, ferromagnetique). La realisation experimentale de ces dispositifs a permis de mesurer un couplage electron-photon de l’ordre de 100mhz, comparable aux couplages obtenus en cqed traditionnelle. Ce couplage est reglable par des moyen purement electriques. Enfin, nous avons mis en evidence l'interaction a distance entre deux qds separes de 80µm, par l’intermediaire des photons microondes. Ces resultats demontrent le potentiel de ces dispositifs pour des applications a la manipulation de l’information quantique ainsi que la simulation sur puce de problemes de matiere condensee. Nous avons pu ainsi mesurer la capacite quantique des qds, notamment dans le regime kondo, et simuler le decalage polaronique electron-phonon, dans le cas de l’interaction a distance entre les deux qdsQuantum dot circuits (qd) in a circuit cavity quantum electrodynamics (cqed) architecture. The interest of such hybrid systems lies in the light-matter interaction that occurs between the cavity microwave photons and the electrons of the qd. In this thesis work, carbon nanotubes have been chosen as the material for the qds. Indeed, it is possible to observe various electronic transport regimes in such systems (fabry-perot, coulomb blockade and kondo). Their versatility is also a keypoint as it is possible to contact them with various type of metal electrodes (normal, superconductor, ferromagnetic metal). The experimental realization of such devices has the project of this thesis was to experimentally realize the implementation of shown an electron-photon coupling of the order of 100mhz, comparable to standard cqed couplings. This coupling is tunable by purely electric control. Finally, wehave demonstrated the distant interaction between two qds, separated by 80µm, via the microwave cavity photons. These results shows that these devices can be used for manipulating the quantum information as well as for simulate on-chip condensed matter situations. We have therefore been able to measure the quantum capacitance of the qds, and in particular in the kondo regime. We have also simulated the electron-phonon polaronic shift in the case of the distant interaction between the two qds
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Huang, Xuguo. "Bulk micromachined trench-coupler based microwave circuits." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/14494.
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Micromachining and low temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) technology have been widely used in modern radio-frequency (RF) and microwave systems. Both technologies provide the possibility to construct a three dimensional (3D) RF/Microwave circuits, which may have advantages in RF performance, size and power consumption when compared to conventional planar circuits. In this thesis, novel tightly-coupled microstrip and coplanar waveguide (CPW) transmission lines have been developed for LTCC bars and high-resistivity silicon (HRS) trenches fabrication processing technologies. The characteristics of the proposed 3D coupled lines have been analyzed by a quasi-static method and confirmed by electromagnetic (EM) simulation. Compared to existing tightly-coupled transmission line, they have a simple and compact layout but can also provide very tight coupling, good balance of even-odd mode phase velocities and high power handling capability. Using the proposed 3D coupled lines, an S-band quadrature hybrid coupler has been designed and fabricated. In the proof-of-concept device, the measured coupling coefficient is 3.61 dB and the insertion loss is 0.7 dB over a 60% fractional bandwidth. Utilizing the hybrid coupler, a single stage reflection-type phase shifter has been demonstrated. The phase shifter exhibited the true phase shifter frequency characteristics in the range of 2.5-3.5 GHz and the measured maximum relative phase shift is 120°. In addition, an ultra-wideband bandpass filter has been synthesized by the modified narrowband bandpass filter design equations and realized by the 3D coupled-lines. The measured fractional bandwidth is 130%, with only 0.7 dB mid-band insertion loss at 6.4 GHz and better than -20 dB return loss across the whole passband. The measured differential-phase differential-phase group delay is less than 200 ps from 2.6 to 10.1 GHz. Being a monolithic filter, it has a compact area of only 3.5 x 5.5 mm2.