Journal articles: 'Microwave filters Microwave circuits'

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Tüzün, Reşat, and Nursel Akçam. "Design of Microstrip Low Pass Filters." Academic Perspective Procedia 1, no. 1 (November 9, 2018): 47–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.33793/acperpro.01.01.13.

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Microstrip filters have a significant role in Radio Frequency/Microwave applications. Microstrip filters are common on microwave circuits, satellite communications, radars, test equipments and so on. Because microstrip filters are compact, cheap and easy to produce, they are highly preferred for microwave applications. Microwave filter; microwave system is a two-ported element used to control the frequency response at a certain point by attenuating the frequencies in the stop band by transmitting in the frequency band. Typical frequency responses are low pass, high pass, band pass and band stop. Also approaches such as Butterworth, Chebyshev, and Elliptic are defining filter characteristics. In this paper, microstrip filters havign Chebyshev, Elliptic and Maximally Flat approaches were designed. For example Chebyshev filter of design filters having 6 GHz cut frequency and having 46,34 dB at 6,6 GHz. The insertion loss is -3,66 dB at 6 GHz. AWR Sonnet is used for the simulation and analysis of this filters.

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Mrvic, Marija, Snezana Stefanovski-Pajovic, Milka Potrebic, and Dejan Tosic. "Design of microwave waveguide filters with effects of fabrication imperfections." Facta universitatis - series: Electronics and Energetics 30, no. 4 (2017): 431–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fuee1704431m.

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This paper presents results of a study on a bandpass and bandstop waveguide filter design using printed-circuit discontinuities, representing resonating elements. These inserts may be implemented using relatively simple types of resonators, and the amplitude response may be controlled by tuning the parameters of the resonators. The proper layout of the resonators on the insert may lead to a single or multiple resonant frequencies, using single resonating insert. The inserts may be placed in the E-plane or the H-plane of the standard rectangular waveguide. Various solutions using quarter-wave resonators and split-ring resonators for bandstop filters, and complementary split-ring resonators for bandpass filters are proposed, including multi-band filters and compact filters. They are designed to operate in the X-frequency band and standard rectangular waveguide (WR-90) is used. Besides three dimensional electromagnetic models and equivalent microwave circuits, experimental results are also provided to verify proposed design. Another aspect of the research represents a study of imperfections demonstrated on a bandpass waveguide filter. Fabrication side effects and implementation imperfections are analyzed in details, providing relevant results regarding the most critical parameters affecting filter performance. The analysis is primarily based on software simulations, to shorten and improve design procedure. However, measurement results represent additional contribution to validate the approach and confirm conclusions regarding crucial phenomena affecting filter response.

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Ourabia, Malika. "Modeling and Simulation of Microwave Circuits." Advanced Materials Research 856 (December 2013): 174–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.856.174.

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A new and efficient method is presented for the analysis of arbitrarily shaped discontinuities. The technique obtains closed form expressions for the equivalent circuits which are used to model these discontinuities. Then it would be easy to handle and to characterize complicated structures like T and Y junctions, truncated junctions, arbitrarily shaped junctions, cascading junctions and more generally planar multiport junctions. Another advantage of this method is that the edge line concept for arbitrary shape junctions operates with real parameters circuits. The validity of the method was further confirmed by comparing our results for various discontinuities (bend, filters) with those from HFSS as well as from other published sources.

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Gaudreault, M., and M. G. Stubbs. "Lumped-element components for GaAs monolithic microwave integrated circuits." Canadian Journal of Physics 63, no. 6 (June 1, 1985): 736–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/p85-117.

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Gallium-arsenide monolithic microwave integrated circuits (GaAs MMIC's) promise the microwave circuit designer significant size, weight, and reliability advantages. Distributed and lumped matching techniques have been utilized previously in MMIC design with the latter offering greater bandwidth and smaller size. In this paper, experimental results for lumped interdigitated capacitors on a gallium-arsenide substrate are presented. Computer modelling in the frequency range 2–18 GHz was used to derive a set of design curves for these capacitors. These curves cover aspect ratios of w/s = 1 and w/s = 2.5. Experimental results obtained by using these curves to design lumped-element monolithic filters show excellent agreement with theory.

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Delmonte, Nicola, Bernard Enrico Watts, Fabrizio Leccabue, Paolo Cova, and Giovanni Chiorboli. "Study of the High Frequency Dielectric Properties of SrBi₂ Ta₂O₉ Ferroelectric Thin Films." Materials Science Forum 514-516 (May 2006): 259–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.514-516.259.

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In recent years several ferroelectric thin films have been studied at microwave frequencies; lead zirconate titanate (PZT) and barium-strontium titanate (BST) has been widely investigated. However, the microwave dielectric properties of strontium-bismuth tantalate (SBT) have not yet been investigated so widely [1]. The purpose of this work is the microwave characterization of the dielectric properties of an SBT thin film biased at different DC voltages. The dielectric properties of SBT make it a good material for the production of FERAM memories. Microwave characterizations may show other properties that could promote the SBT as good candidate for capacitors to be employed also in microwave circuits (e.g. resonators and filters). In this work a study of high frequency dielectric properties has been performed and equivalent circuit model has been used to correct the measurements.

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Chaudhary, Girdhari, Yongchae Jeong, and Jongsik Lim. "Microstrip Line Negative Group Delay Filters for Microwave Circuits." IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 62, no. 2 (February 2014): 234–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmtt.2013.2295555.

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Fang, Liew Hui, Syed Idris Syed Hassan, Fareq Malek, Yufridin Wahab, and Nurhakimah Mohd Mukhtar. "Review Compact Microwave Filter for Harmonic Rejection." Applied Mechanics and Materials 793 (September 2015): 286–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.793.286.

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An investigation of the several different techniques and method have been suggested in the design of compact microwave filters for the realization of high performance output micromachined microstrip low pass filters and highest attenuation loss is presented in this paper. It is shown that the basis for much fundamental microwave filter theory lies in the real of lumped-element filters, which lumped elements suffers for not suitable use in high frequency, because wavelength will decrease to short and the only distributed elements can practically well and the lumped elements circuit and work efficiently at low frequency or vice versa wavelength of distributed elements become too larger. In this paper, a review of numerous methods of design compact microstrip filters that have been offered over the last years is proposed, including a discussion of topologies and the structures used to make compactness size of microwave filters.

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Miljanović, Dejan, Milka Potrebić, and Dejan V. Tošić. "Design of Microwave Multibandpass Filters with Quasilumped Resonators." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2015 (2015): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/647302.

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Design of RF and microwave filters has always been the challenging engineering field. Modern filter design techniques involve the use of the three-dimensional electromagnetic (3D EM) solvers for predicting filter behavior, yielding the most accurate filter characteristics. However, the 3D EM simulations are time consuming. In this paper, we propose electric-circuit models, instead of 3D EM models, suitable for design of RF and microwave filters with quasilumped coupled resonators. Using the diakoptic approach, the 3D filter structure is decomposed into domains that are modeled by electric networks. The coupling between these domains is modeled by capacitors and coupled inductors. Furthermore, we relate the circuit-element values to the physical dimensions of the 3D filter structure. We propose the filter design procedure that is based on the circuit models and fast circuit-level simulations, yielding the element values from which the physical dimensions can be obtained. The obtained dimensions should be slightly refined for achieving the desired filter characteristics. The mathematical problems encountered in the procedure are solved by numerical and symbolic computations. The procedure is exemplified by designing a triple-bandpass filter and validated by measurements on the fabricated filter. The simulation and experimental results are in good agreement.

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Brauer, F., and J. L. ter Haseborg. "Linear and nonlinear filters under high power microwave conditions." Advances in Radio Science 7 (May 19, 2009): 255–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ars-7-255-2009.

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Abstract. The development of protection circuits against a variety of electromagnetic disturbances is important to assure the immunity of an electronic system. In this paper the behavior of linear and nonlinear filters is measured and simulated with high power microwave (HPM) signals to achieve a comprehensive protection against different high power electromagnetic (HPEM) threats.

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García-Martínez, Héctor, Ernesto Ávila-Navarro, Germán Torregrosa-Penalva, Alberto Rodríguez-Martínez, Carolina Blanco-Angulo, and Miguel A. de la de la Casa-Lillo. "Low-Cost Additive Manufacturing Techniques Applied to the Design of Planar Microwave Circuits by Fused Deposition Modeling." Polymers 12, no. 9 (August 28, 2020): 1946. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12091946.

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This work presents a study on the implementation and manufacturing of low-cost microwave electronic circuits, made with additive manufacturing techniques using fused deposition modeling (FDM) technology. First, the manufacturing process of substrates with different filaments, using various options offered by additive techniques in the manufacture of 3D printing parts, is described. The implemented substrates are structurally analyzed by ultrasound techniques to verify the correct metallization and fabrication of the substrate, and the characterization of the electrical properties in the microwave frequency range of each filament is performed. Finally, standard and novel microwave filters in microstrip and stripline technology are implemented, making use of the possibilities offered by additive techniques in the manufacturing process. The designed devices were manufactured and measured with good results, which demonstrates the possibility of using low-cost 3D printers in the design process of planar microwave circuits.

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Khandelwal, Mukesh Kumar, Binod Kumar Kanaujia, and Sachin Kumar. "Defected Ground Structure: Fundamentals, Analysis, and Applications in Modern Wireless Trends." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2017 (2017): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/2018527.

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Slots or defects integrated on the ground plane of microwave planar circuits are referred to as Defected Ground Structure. DGS is adopted as an emerging technique for improving the various parameters of microwave circuits, that is, narrow bandwidth, cross-polarization, low gain, and so forth. This paper presents an introduction and evolution of DGS and how DGS is different from former technologies: PBG and EBG. A basic concept behind the DGS technology and several theoretical techniques for analysing the Defected Ground Structure are discussed. Several applications of DGS in the field of filters, planar waveguides, amplifiers, and antennas are presented.

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Tsitsos, Stelios. "Advances on Microwave Ceramic Filters for Wireless Communications (Review Paper)." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 8, no. 5 (October 1, 2018): 2762. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v8i5.pp2762-2772.

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<p>A review of the technological developments on ceramic monoblock filters and duplexers over the years is presented in this work. Early designs based on simulated and measured data are presented along with later designs based on accurate equivalent circuits as well as the use of evolution algorithms for optimal design. </p>

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Ghulam, Mehdi, An Yong Hu, Jun Gang Miao, and Lorelei Gherman. "Rapid Manufacturing of Microwave Circuits on Low-Cost Substrates Using Laser Machining." Applied Mechanics and Materials 371 (August 2013): 200–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.371.200.

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Microwave and millimeter wave (MMW) planar structures are sensitive to printed circuit manufacturing tolerances. A promising alternative to the conventional photolithographic fabrication technique is laser structuring. This paper presents the study and the experiments conducted to investigate the possibility of employing low-cost commercially available substrates for microwave and MMW circuits using laser ablation process. At least two of such materials (a) glass reinforced ceramic filled teflon (PTFE) and (b) glass reinforced hydrocarbon have been used to design and fabricate microwave and MMW passive structures such as edge-coupled bandpass filter (BPF) using laser machining. The experimental results exhibit the suitability of glass reinforced hydrocarbon materials for microwave circuits employing laser ablation process. However, it is deduced that the laser ablation process alters the complex permittivity characteristics of the ceramic filled PTFE materials. The measured results of laser ablated passive structures on both materials are presented along with the simulation results.

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Li, Weiping, Zongxi Tang, and Xin Cao. "Design of a Narrow Bandwidth Bandpass Filter Using Compact Spiral Resonator with Chirality." Active and Passive Electronic Components 2016 (2016): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/7074392.

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In this article, a compact narrow-bandpass filter with high selectivity and improved rejection level is presented. For miniaturization, a pair of double negative (DNG) cells consisting of quasi-planar chiral resonators are cascaded and electrically loaded to a microstrip transmission line; short ended stubs are introduced to expand upper rejection band. The structure is analyzed using equivalent circuit models and simulated based on EM simulation software. For validation, the proposed filter is fabricated and measured. The measured results are in good agreement with the simulated ones. By comparing to other filters in the references, it is shown that the proposed filter has the advantage of skirt selectivity and compact size, so it can be integrated more conveniently in modern wireless communication systems and microwave planar circuits.

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Statsenko, Lyubov G., O. A. Pugovkina, A. R. Galay, and Denis A. Kuzin. "Designing Microwave Filters Using Metamaterials." Key Engineering Materials 806 (June 2019): 167–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.806.167.

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The possibility to use the split ring resonator – SRR in a microwave filter design is investigated. SRR is made from non-ferrous metals, is one of the variants of the inclusions in the metamaterial. The periodic SRR structure modifies the permittivity and permeability of the source material, to obtain a negative refractive index. These unique properties are widely used in microwave technology, because they allow to create devices with improved performance and extended functionality. Microstrip line with etched SRR on ground plane is considered. The equivalent circuit model for SRR is shown. The paper presents calculation and comparison of the return and transmission responses for SRR structure with series coupling feed lines and with parallel coupling feed lines. The basic relationships for calculating the S-parameters (the return S11(F) and transmission responses S21(F)) are given. S-parameter calculation is made. When the reflection coefficient S11(F) reaches the maximum value, and the transmission coefficient S11(F)- the minimum, the filter operates at the resonance frequency Fp. Simulation are made using the software of Microwave Office. The results are presented in graphs. The dependence of the resonant frequency of the filter from the value of the permittivity of the substrate is found. The effect of the type of metal (copper, gold, silver), from which made the SRR on the resonance frequency of the filter is defined. It is concluded that the increase in the value of the permittivity of the substrate causes a decrease in the value of the resonant frequency of the filter. While the type of metal material of the SRR, on the resonance filter properties do not have a significant influence. The research results will reduce the time spent on the design and optimization of the design parameters.

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Ninković, Darko, and Dragan Olćan. "Genetic algorithm applied to discrete optimization of band-pass microwave filter." Telfor Journal 13, no. 1 (2021): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/telfor2101019n.

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We propose a design approach for band-pass microwave filters based on optimization of discrete-valued parameters of filters using an implementation of (1 + (l, l)) genetic algorithm. If the filter is made of SMD components then only discrete values are allowed. The proposed design approach yields a solution with feasible components values in the end, without further need for tuning and adjustments of component values that is needed in the case when real numbers are used during optimization. The optimization setup is run for 20 times and obtained (suboptimal) solutions are presented. One of the best optimized solutions of a band-pass filter is chosen for further analysis. The found filter design is verified using a circuit solver including the yield analysis, 3D electromagnetic simulations and by measurements of the manufactured prototype. The presented results as well as the optimization run-time show that the proposed approach based on discrete optimization can be used to design microwave filters.

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Mariem, Jarjar, and Pr EL Quazzani Nabih. "Design of active inductor-based butterworth and chebyshev microwave bandpass filters in standard 0.18µm-CMOS technology." International Journal of Reconfigurable and Embedded Systems (IJRES) 8, no. 1 (March 1, 2019): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijres.v8.i1.pp27-35.

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<p>In this paper we propose a synthesis of microwave active filters having Butterworth and Chebyshev responses in the frequency range 1GHz-2GHz. The filter fundamental block, used to build an active inductor, consists of CMOS-based Operational Transconductance Amplifier (OTA) circuits. These amplifiers are made out of simple current mirror using MOS transistors. The simulation procedure has been carried out through PSPICE software showing good performances regarding scattering parameters in terms insertion losses, of out-of-band rejection and phase.</p>

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Müller, J., R. Perrone, K. H. Drüe, R. Stephan, J. Trabert, M. Hein, D. Schwanke, et al. "Comparison of High-Resolution Patterning Technologies for LTCC Microwave Circuits." Journal of Microelectronics and Electronic Packaging 4, no. 3 (July 1, 2007): 99–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/1551-4897-4.3.99.

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Low-temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) are widely acknowledged for wide-band and microwave circuits. Within the project consortium KERAMIS, implementation of higher functionality in LTCC substrates is being investigated. Among the applications considered are a 4 × 4 switch matrix [1], voltage-controlled oscillators [2], and amplifiers for multimedia satellite communications working in Ka-band. In order to add more functionality (e.g., filters, couplers) in LTCC, current patterning limits of line width and line separation need to be extended. Four different technologies were considered for higher resolution: a) fine-line printing technology with special screens, b) photo-imageable pastes, c) etching of thick-film conductors (co- and post-fired), and d) thin films on LTCC. Evaluation of patterning technologies is based on a test coupon that was designed and manufactured by the consortium members. The artwork contains lines, line transitions, ring resonators (microstrip and stripline), edge-coupled filters, DC blocking structures, and various lines for DC resistance testing. The smallest gap definition is 50 μm. Two substrate materials, Du Pont tapes 951 and 943, are included in the study. In addition to the main frequency band of interest in the project (17–22 GHz), these structures have been characterized up to 50 GHz. Electrical results are correlated to physical measurements of the structures (line width, spaces, and tolerances) and are evaluated with respect to performance, manufacturability, and yield. Results show excellent performance for screen-printed structures and demonstrated the importance of mask tuning to achieve optimum resolution (under etching etc.).

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Mitkov, A. S., A. A. Stolyarenko, and M. G. Rubanovich. "FILM ATTENUATORS BASED ON FILTER STRUCTURES WITH DISSIPATIVE LOSSES." Issues of radio electronics, no. 4 (May 10, 2019): 84–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.21778/2218-5453-2019-4-84-89.

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The article presents the results of a study of the frequency properties of a multi-stage high-power attenuator with attenuation of 10 dB in the frequency range 0–3 GHz, obtained on a dielectric substrate made of beryllium ceramics. For its construction, microstrip filters with quarter-wave couplings and dissipative losses are used, as well as additional film resistors made in the form of trapezoidal plumes. These loops have a minimum size in the area of a short circuit. The design features of wide-band microwave attenuators of high power are determined, including the conditions for ensuring uniform distribution of the dissipated microwave power and distribution of the resonant frequencies of low-Q resonators. Equivalent circuits were compiled, which allow to determine the initial structure of the attenuator and optimize its frequency characteristics for any power level.

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Twumasi, Baidenger Agyekum, and Jia-Lin Li. "An equivalent circuit model of a rectangular bracket shaped DGS and its microwave filter applications." Journal of Electrical Engineering 70, no. 1 (February 1, 2019): 32–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jee-2019-0004.

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Abstract A lumped-LC equivalent circuit to model a novel rectangular bracket shaped defected ground structure (DGS) is presented in this paper. The presented equivalent circuit can accurately predicate the frequency responses, in terms of the magnitude and phase responses of S parameters, of the studied DGS. The lumped LC parameters of the presented model are extracted based on a unit cell of the DGS. Further, the model is found to be applicable in microwave engineering, including microwave filter designs. Some design examples are presented and examined. The studied DGS based microwave filters characterize maximum passband flatness, sharp skirt between the passband and stopband and wide stopband. The studied equivalent circuit model can accurately predicate the frequency responses including the magnitude and phase of S parameters.

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Zheng, Xuemei, Tao Jiang, Hao Lu, and Yanyan Wang. "Double-Layer Microstrip Band Stop Filters Etching Periodic Ring Electromagnetic Band Gap Structures." Electronics 9, no. 8 (July 28, 2020): 1216. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9081216.

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The electromagnetic band gap structure (EBGs) is widely used in microwave engineering, such as amplifiers, waveguides, microstrip filters, due to the fact of its excellent band stop characteristics. In this paper, three kinds of microstrip band stop filters were proposed which were etched with a hexagonal ring EBGs, octagonal ring EBGs and elliptical ring EBGs. Firstly, the etching coefficient of a band stop filter is proposed, and the performance of filters with different etching coefficient was analyzed. Secondly, the equivalent circuit of an EBGs band stop filter is proposed. By comparing the simulation results using advanced design system (ADS) and high frequency structure simulator (HFSS), it was found that the simulation results had the same −10 dB stopband width which verifies the correctness of the equivalent circuit model. Finally, three kinds of microstrip stopband filters were fabricated and measured. The experimental results of the −10 dB stopband width and resonant frequency were in good agreement with the simulation results. The −10 dB stopband fractional bandwidth of the three kinds of microstrip stopband filters was more than 63%. The proposed microstrip band stop filters can be widely used in microwave devices with a wide stopband.

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Liew, Hui Fang, Syed Idris Syed Hassan, Mohd Fareq bin Abd Malek, Yufridin Wahab, Melaty Amirruddin, Ahmad Zaidi Abdullah, Muhammad Irwanto Misrun, Gomesh Nair Shasidharan, Mohd Irwan Yusoff, and Nurhakimah Mohd Mukhtar. "Design of Compact Composite Microstrip Low Pass Filter Using MEMS Technology." Applied Mechanics and Materials 754-755 (April 2015): 581–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.754-755.581.

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This paper presents the design technique of a compact composite microstrip filter operating at ultra high frequency (UHF) band and its fabrication using micro-electro mechanical system MEMS technology. The fringing compensation method is applied into the design of the microstrip line transformation from lumped element. The filter lumped circuits and microstrip line circuit were designed and simulated using Advanced Design Software (ADS) and fabricated on silicon substrates to obtain the best filter characteristic based on S-parameter. The measured and simulated results have achieved a good agreement within the frequency of interest. This shows that the fringing compensation method of transforming lumped element into microstrip line is able to solve the conventional design of complexity size of circuit of composite low pass filter (LPF) into microstrip line. The proposed filter design can replace the conventional filters in wireless communication as they offer better performance at lower cost in the RF microwave communication applications.

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Souza, José Vitor C., Pedro José Castro, Maria do Carmo de Andrade Nono, and Sergio Luiz Mineiro. "Sintering Temperature Influence on Microwave Dielectric Properties of TiO₂-ZrO₂ Ceramics." Materials Science Forum 660-661 (October 2010): 646–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.660-661.646.

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Dielectric ceramics have been widely investigated and used for microwave applications such as resonators and filters. The present study deals with the influence of sintering temperature on microwave dielectric properties of TiO2 ceramics with 10, 20, and 30 wt% ZrO2. Three compositions have been developed through mixing procedures and then tested for each sintering temperature: 1500 and 1400 °C. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy are carried out aiming to explain the ceramic behavior of each sample. The dielectric constants of different ceramics for both temperatures varied from 85.4 to 62.6, while their quality factor due to dielectric losses varied from 3110 to 1630. The Q decrease is attributed to the non uniform grain growth and to the obtained crystalline phases. The best microwave parameters were obtained for the ceramics sintered at 1400 °C, which can be applied in microwave circuits as dielectric resonators.

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Moradi, Bahareh, Raul Fernández-García, and Ignacio Gil. "Meander Microwave Bandpass Filter on a Flexible Textile Substrate." Electronics 8, no. 1 (December 21, 2018): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics8010011.

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This paper presents an alternative process to fabricate flexible bandpass filters by using an embroidered yarn conductor on an electronic textile. The novelty of the proposed miniaturized filter is its complete integration on the outfit, with benefits in terms of compressibility, stretchability, and high geometrical accuracy opening the way to develop textile filters for wearable applications in sport and medicine. The proposed design consists of a fully embroidered microstrip topology with a length equal to quarter wavelength (λ/4) to develop a bandpass filter frequency response. A drastic reduction in the size of the filter was achieved by taking advantage of a simplified architecture based on meandered-line stepped impedance resonator. The e-textile microstrip filter was designed, simulated, fabricated, and measured with experimental validation at a 7.58 GHz frequency. The insertion loss obtained by simulation of the filter was substantially small. The return loss was greater than 20 dB for bands. To explore the relations between the physical parameters and filter performance characteristics, a theoretical equivalent circuit model of the filter constituent components was studied. The bending effect of the e-textile filter was also studied. The results showed that by raising the radius of bending to 40 mm, the resonance frequency was raised to 4.25 MHz/mm.

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Chiu, Leung, and Quan Xue. "A Simple Microstrip Bandstop Filter Using Cross-Coupling Stubs." International Journal of Microwave Science and Technology 2012 (August 8, 2012): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/473030.

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This paper presents an alterative implementation of a shunt open-circuited stub for multilayer microwave circuit. With making use of the proposed implementation, a simple and compact bandstop filter with a district bandstop characteristics and a first spurious at the third harmonic is proposed. The proposed filter exhibits about 12.5% fractional bandwidth of −10 dB signal rejection at the center frequency of 2.04 GHz and flat group delay at the pass bands. Besides, by cascading a number of the proposed bandstop filters designed at the different frequencies, multiband bandstop filters can be easily realized. A dual- (tri-) band design at the center frequencies of 2 GHz and 3 GHz (and 4 GHz) is designed, realized, and measured. The proposed bandstop filter well suits the nowadays multilayer and compact radio frequency integrated circuit design.

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Thrasher, Bradley, Deepukumar Nair, James Parisi, Glenn Oliver, and Michael A. Smith. "Bulk and In-Circuit Dielectric Characterization of LTCC Tape Systems Through Millimeter Wave Frequency Range." International Symposium on Microelectronics 2011, no. 1 (January 1, 2011): 000740–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/isom-2011-wp3-paper2.

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Low Temperature Co-fired Ceramic (LTCC) material systems offer a highly versatile microwave and millimeter wave packaging platform. Extremely low microwave loss, excellent control of dielectric constant, uniform dielectric thickness, non-existent water absorption leading to very high hermeticity, ability to support multilayer structure leading to 3-dimensional packaging, ability to embed passive functions within the tape layers, availability of a wide range of metallizations, etc. are some of the key advantages of LTCC for microwave packaging. One of the important parameters which needs to be determined at the very early stages of circuit designs are the dielectric properties - dielectric constant and loss tangent, both of which are functions of frequency. These properties need to be known accurately over the entire frequency range of operation for the circuit. For LTCC based designs, the use of dielectric constant of bulk material can lead to deviations between the performance expected at the design stage and for the fabricated circuit. Such deviations are a significant concern for broadband circuits as well as for circuits with sharp resonant behavior such as filters. One of the significant sources of deviation between bulk LTCC and “in-circuit” dielectric constant is the nature of the thick film metallizations used in LTCC technology. Work described here is a comprehensive characterization of three DuPont™ GreenTape™ LTCC systems 951, 943, and 9K7 - in the frequency range 10 to 70 GHz. Both bulk and “in-circuit” dielectric properties with silver and gold metallizations are studied to quantify the deviations in dielectric properties. A Fabry-Perot open resonator technique is used for the bulk characterization while printed ring resonators are used for the in-circuit characterization. This comprehensive characterization will provide key design data for LTCC designers in the 10 – 70 GHz frequency range.

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Ali, Mohammad Ashraf, and Chung-Tse Michael Wu. "Negative Group Delay Circuit Based on Microwave Recursive Filters." International Journal of Microwave Science and Technology 2015 (August 26, 2015): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/646029.

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This work presents a novel approach to design a maximally flat negative group delay (NGD) circuit based on microwave recursive filters. The proposed NGD circuit is realized by cascading N stages of quarter-wavelength stepped-impedance transformer. It is shown that the given circuit can be designed to have any prescribed group delay by changing the characteristic impedance of the quarter-wave transformers (QWTs) cascaded with each other. The proposed approach provides a systematic method to synthesize NGD of arbitrary amount without including any discrete lumped component. For various prescribed NGD, the characteristic impedance of QWT has been tabulated for two and three stages of the circuit. The widths and lengths of microstrip transmission lines can be obtained from characteristic impedance and the frequency of operation of the transmission line. The results are verified in both simulation and measurement, showing a good agreement.

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Futera, Konrad, Konrad Kielbasinski, Anna Młozniak, and Malgorzata Jakubowska. "Inkjet printed microwave circuits on flexible substrates using heterophase graphene based inks." Soldering & Surface Mount Technology 27, no. 3 (June 1, 2015): 112–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ssmt-04-2015-0013.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present the result of research on a new fabrication technology of printed circuits board and electronics modules. The new method is based on inkjet printing technique on flexible substrates using new generations of heterophase inks. New fabrications method was used to print microwave waveguides and signal splitters as new technology demonstrators. Design/methodology/approach – A fully Inkjet printed filter was printed on a flexible, transparent Kapton foil using heterophase inks developed in Instytut Technologii Materiałów Elektronicznych (ITME) for the purpose of this research based on graphene and silver nanoparticles. Findings – A microwave module was printed using two types of Inkjet printers – PixDro LP50 with KonicaMinolta 512 printhead – and developed in an Instytut Tele- i Radiotechniczny (ITR) laboratory printer using MicroDrop a 100-μm glass nozzle printhead. Fully printed microwave circuits were evaluated by their print quality and electrical properties. Originality/value – Fully Inkjet printed microwave circuits using the heterophase graphene ink were evaluated by their print quality and electrical properties.

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Vishwanath, M., and Dr Habibullakhan. "Design and Simulation of Compact Band-Pass Filter Using Stub Loaded Plasmonic Mim Waveguide." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.3 (June 21, 2018): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.3.14482.

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In this article, plasmonic band-pass filters (BPF) have been studied and numerically analyzed. This filter has been designed based on the two-stubs. Pass-band can be realized by appropriately adjusting the lengths and width of the resonator. Based on the ideal characteristics of the proposed two stubs BPF is allowing the band at THz frequencies. Multiple transmission zeros are generated to improve the selectivity of the filter. All simulated results have been studied using CST Microwave studio suite. Usually, the transmission effectiveness is revealed by the exact resonance condition, whichwill confirmalong with the numerical simulation or theoretical analysis. This article delivers a promising application for plasmonic BPFsin addition to plasmonic integrated circuits (PICs).

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PANTOLI, LEONARDO, VINCENZO STORNELLI, and GIORGIO LEUZZI. "TUNABLE ACTIVE FILTERS FOR RF AND MICROWAVE APPLICATIONS." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 23, no. 06 (May 14, 2014): 1450088. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126614500881.

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In this paper, we present a low-voltage tunable active filter for microwave applications. The proposed filter is based on a single-transistor active inductor (AI), that allows the reduction of circuit area and power consumption. The three active-cell bandpass filter has a 1950 MHz center frequency with a -1 dB flat bandwidth of 10 MHz (Q ≈ 200), a shape factor (30–3 dB) of 2.5, and can be tuned in the range 1800–2050 MHz, with constant insertion loss. A dynamic range of about 75 dB is obtained, with a P1dB compression point of -5 dBm. The prototype board, fabricated on a TLX-8 substrate, has a 4 mW power consumption with a 1.2 V power supply voltage.

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31

Te-Hui Wang and T. Itoh. "Compact Grating Structure for Application to Filters and Resonators in Monolithic Microwave Integrated Circuits." IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 35, no. 12 (December 1987): 1176–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmtt.1987.1133835.

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Soref, Richard. "Reconfigurable Integrated Optoelectronics." Advances in OptoElectronics 2011 (May 4, 2011): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/627802.

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Integrated optics today is based upon chips of Si and InP. The future of this chip industry is probably contained in the thrust towards optoelectronic integrated circuits (OEICs) and photonic integrated circuits (PICs) manufactured in a high-volume foundry. We believe that reconfigurable OEICs and PICs, known as ROEICs and RPICs, constitute the ultimate embodiment of integrated photonics. This paper shows that any ROEIC-on-a-chip can be decomposed into photonic modules, some of them fixed and some of them changeable in function. Reconfiguration is provided by electrical control signals to the electro-optical building blocks. We illustrate these modules in detail and discuss 3D ROEIC chips for the highest-performance signal processing. We present examples of our module theory for RPIC optical lattice filters already constructed, and we propose new ROEICs for directed optical logic, large-scale matrix switching, and 2D beamsteering of a phased-array microwave antenna. In general, large-scale-integrated ROEICs will enable significant applications in computing, quantum computing, communications, learning, imaging, telepresence, sensing, RF/microwave photonics, information storage, cryptography, and data mining.

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Dew-Hughes, David. "Application of High Temperature Superconductors in Passive Microwave Devices." Australian Journal of Physics 50, no. 2 (1997): 363. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/p96063.

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The front end of a microwave communications system is assembled from circuit elements comprising antennae, local oscillator, mixer and filters. Interconnection is by transmission line, into which delay may be incorporated. All of these components can, with advantage, be implemented in superconducting material. Superconductors, when operating below their cross-over frequency, have values of surface resistance lower than those for normal metals such as copper and silver. This results in lower insertion loss for microwave components, allowing the design of smaller, more compact, yet at the same time more complicated, devices. The non-dispersive nature of superconductors can also be an advantage in enabling very high bandwidth signal processing. High temperature superconductors (HTS) allow operating temperatures in the liquid nitrogen range, not too far below the ambient temperature in many communications satellites. The Oxford microwave programme has concentrated on the implementation of all of the above devices in thin-film HTS, mainly Tl-2212, on a variety of substrates. The film fabrication, and performance of delay lines, antenna-mixers, resonators, filters and a voltage-controlled oscillator, are described.

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Hart, F. P., S. R. Luniya, J. Nath, A. Victor, A. Walker, and M. B. Steer. "Modelling high-order filters in a transient microwave circuit simulator." IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation 1, no. 5 (2007): 1024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-map:20060231.

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Sussman-Fort, Stephen E. "An NIC-based negative resistance circuit for microwave active filters." International Journal of Microwave and Millimeter-Wave Computer-Aided Engineering 4, no. 2 (April 1994): 130–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mmce.4570040204.

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Qasrawi, A. F., Faten M. Bzour, Eman O. Nazzal, and A. Mergen. "Electrical conductivity and capacitance spectra of Bi1.37Sm0.13Zn0.92Nb1.50O6.92 pyrochlore ceramic in the range of 0–3 GHz." Functional Materials Letters 07, no. 02 (April 2014): 1450018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793604714500180.

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In this work, the electrical properties of samarium-doped bismuth niobium zinc oxide ( Sm -doped BZN ) pyrochlore ceramics are investigated by means of temperature dependent electrical conductivity and capacitance spectroscopy in the frequency range of 0–3 GHz. It was observed that the novel dielectric Sm - BZN ceramic exhibits a temperature and electric field dependent dielectric breakdown. When measured at 300 K, the breakdown electric field is 1.12 kV/cm and when heated the breakdown temperature is ~ 420 K. The pyrochlore is thermally active above 440 K with conductivity activation energy of 1.37 eV. In addition, the room temperature capacitance spectra reflected a resonance–antiresonance switching property at 53 MHz when subjected to an AC signal of low power of 5 dBm. Furthermore, when the Sm - BZN ceramics are used as microwave cavity and tested in the frequency range of 1.0–3.0 GHz, the cavity behaves as low pass filter with wide tunability up to a frequency of 1.91 GHz. At this frequency it behaves as a band rejection filter that blocks waves of 1.91 GHz and 2.57 GHz frequencies. These properties of the Sm -doped BZN are promising as they indicate the usability of the ceramics in digital electronic circuits as resonant microwave cavities suitable for the production of low pass/rejection band filters.

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Mittapalli, Vishwanath, and Habibulla Khan. "Excitation Schemes of Plasmonic Angular Ring Resonator-Based Band-Pass Filters Using a MIM Waveguide." Photonics 6, no. 2 (April 11, 2019): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics6020041.

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This article describes the analysis and design of the excitation schemes of the plasmonic angular ring resonator-based band-pass filters using a metal-insulator-metal (MIM) waveguide. The excitation schemes of the plasmonic angular ring resonator-based band-pass filters have been analyzed in terms of their physical length by using commercially available electromagnetic full-wave simulation software (CST microwave studio). The excitation schemes of the plasmonic angular ring resonator-based band-pass filter using a MIM waveguide have been realized at the optical O (1260–1360 nm) and U (1625–1675 nm) bands, respectively, as it has dual-band characteristics. The excitation schemes of the plasmonic angular ring resonators have been designed and simulated to determine the variation in transmission and reflection coefficients. The magnetic field distribution of the proposed filters was observed. The ring resonators require low power and had a compact size, which was further used for the development of photonic integrated circuits (PICs). The applications of these resonators are further extended and they are used in the development of antennas, branch line couplers, directional couplers and diplexers.

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Contreras, A., J. Casals-Terré, L. Pradell, M. Ribó, J. Heredia, F. Giacomozzi, and B. Margesin. "RF-MEMS switches for a full control of the propagating modes in uniplanar microwave circuits and their application to reconfigurable multimodal microwave filters." Microsystem Technologies 23, no. 12 (March 29, 2017): 5959–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00542-017-3379-8.

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Putri, Rizqi Eka, Emerson Pascawira Sinulingga, and Suherman Suherman. "3D Modeling Parallel Coupled-Line Bandpass Filter Based on Coplanar Waveguide MMIC Multilayer Technology." TELKA - Telekomunikasi, Elektronika, Komputasi dan Kontrol 5, no. 1 (May 21, 2019): 24–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.15575/telka.v5n1.24-30.

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Electromagnetic modeling technique on monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) coplanar waveguide (CPW) multilayer have been developed to accurately model the Parallel Coupled-Line Bandpass Filter. The 3D modeling technique shows the simulation results that are optimum. Several simulation steps have been demonstrated and compared on the design of Parallel Coupled-Line Bandpass Filters. Based on the 3D modeling, S11-Return Loss and S21-Insertion Loss of -22.6 dB and and 2.94 dB are obtained respectively. In addition, it is shown the best frequency response from the design of the Parallel Coupled-Line Bandpass Filter.

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Zhang, Weidong, and Xiaolin Zhao. "Equivalent Circuit Model for One-Dimensional Plasma Photonic Crystals." Journal of Nanoelectronics and Optoelectronics 14, no. 12 (December 1, 2019): 1751–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jno.2019.2710.

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Plasma photonic crystals (PPCs) is promising metamaterial for electromagnetic wave transmission, due to its superior performance and broad application prospects. However, the design of plasma photonic crystals with adjustable structural parameters is one of the main issues limiting its commercial application. We propose a new method to use the equivalent circuit model to quickly analyze the electromagnetic wave propagation characteristics of 1D PPC. The 1D PPCs structure was constructed with vacuum discharge tube, and we found that the experiment is consistent with the simulation. The research results provide theoretical guidance for the design and optimization of microwave segment multi-channel filters and dynamic microwave devices.

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Yaghmaee, Pouria, Onur Hamza Karabey, Bevan Bates, Christophe Fumeaux, and Rolf Jakoby. "Electrically Tuned Microwave Devices Using Liquid Crystal Technology." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2013 (2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/824214.

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An overview of liquid crystal technology for microwave and millimeter-wave frequencies is presented. The potential of liquid crystals as reconfigurable materials arises from their ability for continuous tuning with low power consumption, transparency, and possible integration with printed and flexible circuit technologies. This paper describes physical theory and fundamental electrical properties arising from the anisotropy of liquid crystals and overviews selected realized liquid crystal devices, throughout four main categories: resonators and filters, phase shifters and delay lines, antennas, and, finally, frequency-selective surfaces and metamaterials.

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Sun, Xia Li, Qing Zhang, and Shu Yan. "Design of an Active Phase Conjugation Circuit for Retrodirective Array in UHF Band." Applied Mechanics and Materials 43 (December 2010): 201–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.43.201.

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An active phase conjugation circuit of retrodirective array which can be used in UHF band (890-960MHz) has been designed. Circuit of the retrodirective array consists of filters, mixers, dividers and other microwave devices. In this paper, microstrip filters and mixers are primarily designed. Divided matching circuit will be designed appropriate on the basis of the antenna element. Filters consist of microstrip coupled lines to conform with microstrip antenna arrays; to suppress the effect of RF input signals to output transmitted signals, selecting the image-rejection mixers. Simulation results of ADS show that all of the designed active devices display good performances.

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Martin, Ferran, Jordi Naqui, Armando Fernandez-Prieto, Paris Velez, Jordi Bonache, Jesus Martel, and Francisco Medina. "The Beauty of Symmetry: Common-Mode Rejection Filters for High-Speed Interconnects and Band Microwave Circuits." IEEE Microwave Magazine 18, no. 1 (January 2017): 42–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mmm.2016.2616180.

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44

Van Nechel, Evi, Francesco Ferranti, Yves Rolain, and John Lataire. "Model-Driven Design of Microwave Filters Based on Scalable Circuit Models." IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 66, no. 10 (October 2018): 4390–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmtt.2018.2842197.

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Yan, Fang, Yong Mao Huang, Tao Huang, Shuai Ding, Kenian Wang, and Maurizio Bozzi. "Transversely Compact Single-Ended and Balanced Bandpass Filters with Source–Load-Coupled Spurlines." Electronics 8, no. 4 (April 10, 2019): 416. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics8040416.

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Multi-function wireless systems demand multi-channel transmit/receive (TR) modules, particularly as multiple functions are required to operate simultaneously. In each channel, passive components, including bandpass filters, must be compact, or at least transversely compact; thus, the entire circuitry of the channel will be slender, and consequently multiple channels can be parallel-arranged conveniently. In this work, single-ended and balanced bandpass filters for multi-channel applications are presented. As a unique resonator, the U-shaped stepped impedance resonator (USIR) can achieve size miniaturization compared with its corresponding uniform impedance resonator (UIR) counterpart. Hence, with the utilization of USIRs, the proposed bandpass filters are able to acquire compact transverse sizes. Moreover, by using the source–load coupling scheme, two transmission zeros (TZs) are respectively generated at the lower and upper sides of the passbands, which is useful for improvement of the selectivity performance. In addition, spurlines are introduced at the input and output ports to produce another TZ to further enhance the stopband performance, which cannot be acquired by the UIR or stepped impedance resonator (SIR). To verify the aforementioned idea, one single-ended and one balanced bandpass filter are implemented, with experimental results in good agreement with the corresponding simulations. Meanwhile, as compared with some similar works, the proposed balanced filter achieves compact transverse size, sharp selectivity skirt, and wide stopbands up to the fourth-order harmonic with suppression over 20 dB, which illustrates its suitability for differential signal transmission application in microwave circuits and systems.

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Alqaisy, Mushtaq, Chandan K. Chakrabraty, Jawad K. Ali, Adam Reda Alhawari, and Tale Saeidi. "Switchable square ring bandpass to bandstop filter for ultra-wideband applications." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 9, no. 1 (October 14, 2015): 51–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078715001373.

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In this manuscript, serial-shunt of square ring resonators with step-impedance open circuited stub resonators to produce a new on-off switchable bandpass to bandstop response in the same ultra-wideband microstrip filter structure is proposed. The closed ring of series-shunt square ring resonators with a combine stubs are introduced to excite the bandpass response while bandstop characteristic excited when gaps are embedded in the corners of the square ring resonators. The main advantage of this microstrip filter is its capability to switch from bandpass-to-bandstop operation using open-short gap, respectively. A microwave simulator is utilized to show the switchable case by replacing Skyworks radio frequency diodes (RF-PIN) instead of those gaps. The entire filter models have been simulated using the computer simulation technology (CST) Microwave Studio. The computed results for the proposed filters were compared with the measured results of the both prototype structures (bandpass- and bandstop-filter). The codes also showed good agreement between them. Other advantages include being small in size, and low in effective cost.

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Sussman-Fort, Stephen E., and Laurent Billonnet. "An NIC-based negative capacitance circuit for microwave active filters (invited article)." International Journal of Microwave and Millimeter-Wave Computer-Aided Engineering 5, no. 4 (July 1995): 271–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mmce.4570050406.

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Zhiqiang Zhang and Xiaoping Liao. "Micromachined Passive Bandpass Filters Based on GaAs Monolithic-Microwave-Integrated-Circuit Technology." IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices 60, no. 1 (January 2013): 221–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ted.2012.2228197.

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Sorrentino, Roberto, Paola Farinelli, Alessandro Cazzorla, and Luca Pelliccia. "RF-MEMS Application to RF Tuneable Circuits." Advances in Science and Technology 100 (October 2016): 100–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.100.100.

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The bursting wireless communication market, including 5G, advanced satellite communication systems and COTM (Communication On The Move) terminals, require ever more sophisticated functions, from multi-band and multi-function operations to electronically steerable and reconfigurable antennas, pushing technological developments towards the use of tunable microwave components and circuits. Reconfigurability allows indeed for reduced complexity and cost of the apparatuses. In this context, RF MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical-Systems) technology has emerged as a very attractive solution to realize both tunable devices (e.g. variable capacitors, inductors and micro-relays), as well as complex circuits (e.g. tunable filters, reconfigurable matching networks and reconfigurable beam forming networks for phased array antennas). High linearity, low loss and high miniaturization are the typical advantages of RF MEMS over conventional technologies. Micromechanical components fabricated via IC-compatible MEMS technologies and capable of low-loss filtering, switching and frequency generation allow for miniaturized wireless front-ends via higher levels of integration. In addition, the inherent high linearity of the MEMS switches enables carrier aggregations without introducing intermodulation distortions. This paper will review the recent advances in the development of the RF MEMS to RF tunable circuits and systems.

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Barteczka, Beata, Piotr Slobodzian, Arkadiusz Dabrowski, and Leszek Golonka. "Influence of firing process quality on dielectric constant of microwave LTCC substrates." Microelectronics International 31, no. 3 (August 4, 2014): 169–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mi-11-2013-0067.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper was to investigate the influence of non-uniform temperature distribution inside a box furnace during the firing process on electrical properties of the low-temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) materials used in radio frequency (RF)/microwave applications. Design/methodology/approach – The authors studied the change in dielectric constant of two popular LTCC materials (DP 951 and DP 9K7) depending on the position of their samples inside the box furnace. Before firing of the samples, temperature distribution inside the box furnace was determined. The dielectric constant was measured using the method of two microstrip lines. Findings – The findings showed that non-uniform temperature distribution with spatial difference of 6°C can result in 3-4 per cent change of the dielectric constant. It was also found that dielectric constant of the two tested materials shows disparate behavior under the same temperature distribution inside the box furnace. Practical implications – The dielectric constant of the substrate materials is crucial for RF/microwave applications. Therefore, it was shown that 3-4 per cent deviation in dielectric constant can result in considerable detuning of microwave circuits and antennas. Originality/value – To the best of the authors’ knowledge, the quantitative description of the impact of temperature distribution inside a box furnace on electrical properties of the LTCC materials has never been published in the open literature. The findings should be helpful when optimizing production process for high yield of reliable LTCC components like filters, baluns and chip antennas.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Microwave filters Microwave circuits'

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