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Journal articles on the topic 'Mid-oceanic ridge basalts'

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Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Fryer, Brian J., and John D. Greenough. "Evidence for mantle heterogeneity from platinum-group-element abundances in Indian Ocean basalts." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 29, no. 11 (1992): 2329–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e92-181.

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Oceanic-island tholeiitic basalts recovered from four sunken oceanic islands along the Reunion hot-spot trace show trace-element and mineralogical characteristics ranging from typical oceanic-island tholeiites to incompatible-element-depleted tholeiites resembling mid-ocean-ridge basalts. There are also variable degrees of magma evolution at each island. Noble metal (Au, Pd, Pt, Rh, Ru, Ir) abundances tend to decrease with magma evolution and with magma "alkalinity", indicating that the metals behave as compatible elements during crystal fractionation processes and during mantle melting proces

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2

Nagender Nath, B., and S. D. Iyer. "Basalt Microlapilli in Deep Sea Sediments of Indian Ocean in the Vicinity of Vityaz Fracture Zone." Journal Geological Society of India 34, no. 3 (1989): 303–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.17491/jgsi/1989/340310.

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Abstract Two cores recovered from the flanks of Mid-India oceanic ridge in the vicinity of Vityaz fracture zone consist of discrete pyroclastic layers at various depths. These layers are composed of coarse-grained, angular basaltic microlapilli in which labradorite is the major mineral set in a glassy mesostasis. Chemically the microlapilli are similar to Mid-Indian oceanic ridge basalts. The microlapilli are suggested to have been formed by the process of granulation, transportation and deposition, during Late Quaternary when lava of low viscosity erupted from small vents on a segment of Vity

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3

Haidar, Tanveer, Sagar Misra, Neeraj Vishwakarma, and K. R. Hari. "Geochemical evolution of basaltic flows from Dongargarh Supergroup, Bastar Craton, Central India." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1032, no. 1 (2022): 012001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1032/1/012001.

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Abstract Composition of basalts in magmatic arcs influenced by the subducting lithosphere, mantle wedge, dehydration of oceanic crust, and/or crustal assimilation beneath the arc. In this paper, we compiled earlier published geochemical data of Dongargarh basalts to decipher the genesis of volcanic rocks. SiO2 vs (FeO + MgO) plot of basalt suggests the volcanic rocks are tholeiitic in composition. Primitive mantle and REE normalized plots indicate either the source was enriched mantle or a possible interaction of depleted magmatic source with the Paleoarchean continental crust in the Bastar Cr

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4

Sun, Kai, Tao Wu, Xuesong Liu, Xue-Gang Chen, and Chun-Feng Li. "Lithogeochemistry of the Mid-Ocean Ridge Basalts near the Fossil Ridge of the Southwest Sub-Basin, South China Sea." Minerals 10, no. 5 (2020): 465. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min10050465.

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Mid-ocean ridge basalts (MORB) in the South China Sea (SCS) record deep crust-mantle processes during seafloor spreading. We conducted a petrological and geochemical study on the MORBs obtained from the southwest sub-basin of the SCS at site U1433 and U1434 of the International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Expedition 349. Results show that MORBs at IODP site U1433 and U1434 are unaffected by seawater alteration, and all U1433 and the bulk of U1434 rocks belong to the sub-alkaline low-potassium tholeiitic basalt series. Samples collected from site U1433 and U1434 are enriched mid-ocean ridge

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5

Daspan, R.I, J.A Yakubu, and U.A. Lar. "GEOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF GABBROIC INTRUSIVE BODIES IN THE SHA-KALERI YOUNGER GRANITE COMPLEX, CENTRAL NIGERIA." Continental J. Earth Sciences 2 (November 7, 2007): 7–13. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.824281.

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Large discrete gabbroic intrusive bodies outcrop within the Tof sub-unit of the Sha-Kaleri Jurassic Younger Granite Complex, situated at the southwestern end of the Jos Plateau.They were sampled and analysed for their major and trace element compositions with a view to determining their geochemical characteristics and tectonic setting The gabbroic rocks co-exist with hybrid rocks of composition in-between the gabbros and the granite porphyry and the extrusive equivalent basaltic rocks. The rocks are composed essentially of plagioclase and hornblende with minor pyroxene (titaniferous augite) an

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6

Yang, Shuying, Munir Humayun, and Vincent J. M. Salters. "Elemental constraints on the amount of recycled crust in the generation of mid-oceanic ridge basalts (MORBs)." Science Advances 6, no. 26 (2020): eaba2923. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aba2923.

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Mid-oceanic ridge basalts (MORBs) are depleted in incompatible elements, but ridge segments far from mantle plumes frequently erupt chemically enriched MORBs (E-MORBs). Two major explanations of E-MORBs are that these basalts are generated by the melting of entrained recycled crust (pyroxenite) beneath ridges or by the melting of refertilized peridotites. These two hypotheses can be discriminated with compatible element abundances from Sc to Ge, here termed the ScGe elements. Here, we demonstrate that E-MORBs have systematically lower Ge/Si and Sc contents and slightly higher Fe/Mn and Nb/Ta r

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7

Lei, Ming, Zhengfu Guo, Wenbin Zhao, Maoliang Zhang, and Lin Ma. "Coexisting Late Cenozoic Potassic and Sodic Basalts in NE China: Role of Recycled Oceanic Components in Intraplate Magmatism and Mantle Heterogeneity." Lithosphere 2020, no. 1 (2020): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/2020/8875012.

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Abstract This study presents an integrated geochemical study of the Wudalianchi-Erkeshan potassic basalts and Halaha sodic basalts of NE China, and uses these data to further our understanding of the petrogenetic relationships between the coeval potassic and sodic basalts in this region. The potassic basalts with high concentrations of K2O have arc-like trace-element compositions and enriched Sr-Nd-Hf isotopic compositions with unradiogenic 206Pb/204Pb values (16.77–16.90). In contrast, the sodic basalts with high concentrations of Na2O have OIB-like trace-element compositions and depleted Sr-

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8

Dostal, J., G. D. Jackson, and A. Galley. "Geochemistry of Neohelikian Nauyat plateau basalts, Borden rift basin, northwestern Baffin Island, Canada." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 26, no. 11 (1989): 2214–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e89-188.

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Subaerial basalt flows of the Neohelikian Nauyat Formation from northwestern Baffin Island, Northwest Territories, constitute an approximately 360 m thick unit that overlies an Archean–Aphebian metamorphic basement. The lavas have undergone a low-grade regional metamorphism that affected the abundances of Na, K, and related trace elements. The basalts are continental tholeiites possessing some characteristics of mid-ocean-ridge basalts. They underwent fractional crystallization of clinopyroxene, plagioclase, and olivine. Mantle-normalized patterns show an enrichment of the lithophile elements,

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9

Barbero, Edoardo, Morteza Delavari, Ashgar Dolati, et al. "Early Cretaceous Plume–Ridge Interaction Recorded in the Band-e-Zeyarat Ophiolite (North Makran, Iran): New Constraints from Petrological, Mineral Chemistry, and Geochronological Data." Minerals 10, no. 12 (2020): 1100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min10121100.

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The North Makran domain (southeast Iran) is part of the Makran accretionary wedge and consists of an imbricate stack of continental and Neo-Tethyan oceanic tectonic units. Among these, the Band-e-Zeyarat ophiolite consists of (from bottom to top): ultramafic cumulates, layered gabbros, isotropic gabbros, a sheeted dyke complex, and a volcanic sequence. Sheeted dykes and volcanic rocks are mainly represented by basalts and minor andesites and rhyolites showing either normal-type (N) or enriched-type (E) mid-ocean ridge basalt affinities (MORB). These conclusions are also supported by mineral ch

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10

Garcia, Michael O., and Eric Hellebrand. "Celestine discovered in Hawaiian basalts." American Mineralogist 105, no. 1 (2020): 52–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/am-2020-6995.

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Abstract We report here the first occurrence of celestine (SrSO4) in recent oceanic basalts. Celestine was found in moderately altered accidental volcanic blocks from Ka‘ula Island, a rejuvenated tuff cone in the northern Hawaiian Islands. This occurrence is novel not only for the presence of celestine but also for the absence of barite, the sulfate mineral most commonly found in oceanic hydrothermal deposits. Celestine was found lining vesicles and partially fillings voids within the matrix of several high Sr (2200–6400 ppm) Ka‘ula basalts. High-quality wavelength-dispersive microprobe analys

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11

Agata, T., and I. Hattori. "Chromite in greenstone lavas from the Kanakasu area, Nanjo Massif of the Mesozoic Mino terrane, central Japan." Mineralogical Magazine 66, no. 4 (2002): 575–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/0026461026640050.

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AbstractChromite occurs together with olivine as phenocrysts in basalts of the Kanakasu greenstone body. Chromite forms inclusions within olivine phenocrysts; it also constitutes discrete phenocrystic grains scattered in the groundmass. The Cr and Ni contents of chromite-bearing olivine basalts are unusually high relative to the MgO content. This is probably due to the presence of phenocrystic chromite and olivine. The mineralogy suggests that the groundmass of the basalts is hawaiitic in composition. Chromite, generally, is unlikely to crystallize from differentiated magma such as hawaiite me

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12

Liu, Qing, Cui Liu, Jixu Liu, Jinfu Deng, and Shipan Tian. "Genesis of Basalts of the Raohe Subduction–Accretion Complex in the Wandashan Block, NE China, and Its Inspirations for Evolution of the Paleo-Pacific Ocean." Applied Sciences 15, no. 15 (2025): 8139. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15158139.

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The Raohe subduction–accretion complex (RSAC) in the Wandashan Block, NE China, comprises ultramafic rocks, gabbro, mafic volcanic rocks, deep-sea and hemipelagic sediments, and trench–slope turbidites. We investigate the basalts within the RSAC to resolve debates on its origin. Zircon U-Pb dating of pillow basalt from Dadingzi Mountain yields a concordant age of 117.5 ± 2.1 Ma (MSWD = 3.6). Integrating previous studies, we identify three distinct basalt phases. The Late Triassic basalt (210 Ma–230 Ma) is characterized as komatites–melilitite, exhibiting features of island arc basalt, as well

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13

Li, Hengxu, Mengqi Gao, Xiaohui Ji, Zhaochong Zhang, Zhiguo Cheng, and M. Santosh. "Machine Learning-Based Tectonic Discrimination Using Basalt Element Geochemical Data: Insights into the Carboniferous–Permian Tectonic Regime of Western Tianshan Orogen." Minerals 15, no. 2 (2025): 122. https://doi.org/10.3390/min15020122.

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Identifying the tectonic setting of rocks is essential for gaining insights into the geological contexts in which these rocks were formed, aiding in tectonic plate reconstruction and enhancing our comprehensive understanding of the Earth’s history. The application of machine learning algorithms helps identify complex patterns and relationships between big data that may be overlooked by binary or ternary tectonomagmatic discrimination diagrams based on basalt compositions. In this study, three machine learning algorithms, i.e., Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest (RF), and eXtreme Gradi

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14

Venkataramana, P., and A. K. Datta. "Contrasting Volcanic Suites in Naga Hills and Their Bearing on the Tectonic Evolution of the Naga Hills Ophiolite Belt, N.E. India." Journal Geological Society of India 30, no. 1 (1987): 33–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.17491/jgsi/1987/300104.

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Abstract The 200 km long Naga Hills opiliolite belt which forms the northern part of the Indo-Burman ophiolites is made up of two contrasting volcanic suites. viz.; (1) high-Mg basalts (Mg-number 52 to 71) comparable to mid-oceanic ridge basalts and (2) low-Mg (Mg-number 23 to 49) akin to seamount type volcanism. Based on geological and geochemica 1 evidences, a three stage model comprising (1) marginal basin spreading event, (2) seamount event and (3) collision event, is presented to explain the origin and evolution of the Naga Hills ophiolites.

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15

Landing, Ed, Georgia Pe-Piper, William SF Kidd, and Karem Azmy. "Tectonic setting of outer trench slope volcanism: pillow basalt and limestone in the Taconian orogen of eastern New York." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 40, no. 12 (2003): 1773–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e03-076.

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The only pillow basalt in synorogenic sedimentary rocks at the exterior margin of the Taconic orogen in eastern North America is at Stark's Knob in eastern New York. Earlier reported as extrusive into allochthonous Ordovician slope and rise facies, this small lens (ca. 125+ m long, 39 m thick) is a fault-bounded block in Upper Ordovician melange under the Taconian frontal thrust. Its N-MORB (normal mid-ocean ridge basalt) basalt geochemistry and spinel composition are characteristic of oceanic ridge settings at a water depth of 2 km or more. Abundant limestone lenses on pillows and lava shelve

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16

Gerlach, Terrence M. "Degassing of carbon dioxide from basaltic magma at spreading centers: II. mid-oceanic ridge basalts." Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 39, no. 2-3 (1989): 221–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0377-0273(89)90061-9.

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17

Smith, Alan D., and Richard StJ Lambert. "Nd, Sr, and Pb isotopic evidence for contrasting origins of late Paleozoic volcanic rocks from the Slide Mountain and Cache Creek terranes, south-central British Columbia." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 32, no. 4 (1995): 447–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e95-038.

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The Slide Mountain and Cache Creek terranes are two prominent oceanic sutures in the Canadian Cordillera. Petrological and isotopic variations between volcanic rocks in these terranes support earlier interpretations from stratigraphic evidence that the Slide Mountain terrane represents the remnant of a late Paleozoic basin situated marginal to western North America, whereas the Cache Creek terrane represents a remnant of a much larger, open-ocean basin. Slide Mountain terrane volcanic rocks, represented by Late Pennsylvanian basalts of the Fennell Formation, resemble normal mid-oceanic ridge b

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18

Nan, Xiaoyun, Huimin Yu, Jinting Kang, and Fang Huang. "Re-visiting barium isotope compositions of mid-ocean ridge basalts and the implications." JUSTC 52, no. 3 (2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.52396/justc-2021-0276.

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Barium (Ba) isotopes can be used as potential tracers for crustal material recycling in the mantle. Determination of the Ba isotope composition of the depleted mantle is essential for such applications. However, Ba isotope data for mantle-derived basalts are still rare. In this study, we reported high-precision Ba isotope data of 30 oceanic basalts including 25 mid-ocean ridge basalts (MORBs) from geochemically and geologically diverse mid-ocean ridge segments and five back-arc basin basalts. The δ<sup>138/134</sup>Ba values of these samples varied from −0.06‰ to +0.11‰, with no sy

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19

Tang, Yue, Qing-Guo Zhai, Sun-Lin Chung, et al. "First mid-ocean ridge-type ophiolite from the Meso-Tethys suture zone in the north-central Tibetan plateau." GSA Bulletin 132, no. 9-10 (2020): 2202–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/b35500.1.

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Abstract The Meso-Tethys was a late Paleozoic to Mesozoic ocean basin between the Cimmerian continent and Gondwana. Part of its relicts is exposed in the Bangong–Nujiang suture zone, in the north-central Tibetan Plateau, that played a key role in the evolution of the Tibetan plateau before the India-Asia collision. A Penrose-type ophiolitic sequence was newly discovered in the Ren Co area in the middle of the Bangong–Nujiang suture zone, which comprises serpentinized peridotites, layered and isotropic gabbros, sheeted dikes, pillow and massive basalts, and red cherts. Zircon U-Pb dating of gab

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20

Tardy, M., H. Lapierre, D. Bosch, et al. "Le terrane de Slide Mountain (Cordillères canadiennes) : une lithosphère océanique marquée par des points chauds." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 40, no. 6 (2003): 833–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e03-010.

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The Slide Mountain Terrane consists of Devonian to Permian siliceous and detrital sediments in which are interbedded basalts and dolerites. Locally, ultramafic cumulates intrude these sediments. The Slide Mountain Terrane is considered to represent a back-arc basin related to the Quesnellia Paleozoic arc-terrane. However, the Slide Mountain mafic volcanic rocks exposed in central British Colombia do not exhibit features of back-arc basin basalts (BABB) but those of mid-oceanic ridge (MORB) and oceanic island (OIB) basalts. The N-MORB-type volcanic rocks are characterized by light rare-earth el

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21

Yang, Fan, Xiao-Long Huang, Yi-Gang Xu, and Peng-Li He. "Magmatic Processes Associated with Oceanic Crustal Accretion at Slow-spreading Ridges: Evidence from Plagioclase in Mid-ocean Ridge Basalts from the South China Sea." Journal of Petrology 60, no. 6 (2019): 1135–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/petrology/egz027.

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Abstract Magmatic processes associated with oceanic crustal accretion at slow-spreading mid-oceanic ridges are less well understood compared with those at fast-spreading ridges. Zoned plagioclase in the basalts might record these magmatic processes as a result of the very slow intra-crystal diffusion of CaAl–NaSi. Plagioclase phenocrysts in plagioclase-phyric basalt from Hole U1433B of International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Expedition 349 in the South China Sea show complex zoning patterns (e.g. normal, reverse, oscillatory and patchy). These samples provide a rare opportunity to determi

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22

M�he, R., and P. Stoffers. "Rock structures and mineral assemblage associated with hydroexpansion in mid-oceanic ridge basalts." Mineralogy and Petrology 54, no. 1-2 (1995): 71–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01162759.

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23

Cvetković, Vladica, Kristina Šarić, Aleksandar Grubić, Ranko Cvijić, and Aleksej Milošević. "The Upper Cretaceous ophiolite of North Kozara – remnants of an anomalous mid-ocean ridge segment of the Neotethys?" Geologica Carpathica 65, no. 2 (2014): 117–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/geoca-2014-0008.

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Abstract This study sheds new light on the origin and evolution of the north Kozara ophiolite, a part of the Sava-Vardar Zone. The Sava-Vardar Zone is regarded as a relict of the youngest Tethyan realm in the present-day Balkan Peninsula. The north Kozara ophiolite consists of a bimodal igneous association comprising isotropic to layered gabbros, diabase dykes and basaltic pillow lavas (basic suite), as well as relicts of predominantly rhyodacite lava flows and analogous shallow intrusions (acid suite). The rocks of the basic suite show relatively flat to moderately light-REE enriched patterns

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24

ALDANMAZ, E., M. K. YALINIZ, A. GÜCTEKIN, and M. C. GÖNCÜOĞLU. "Geochemical characteristics of mafic lavas from the Neotethyan ophiolites in western Turkey: implications for heterogeneous source contribution during variable stages of ocean crust generation." Geological Magazine 145, no. 1 (2007): 37–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756807003986.

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AbstractThe Late Triassic to Late Cretaceous age mafic lavas from the Neotethyan suture zone ophiolites in western Turkey exhibit a wide diversity of geochemical signatures, indicating derivation from extremely heterogeneous mantle sources. The rocks as a whole can be divided into three broad subdivisions based on their bulk-rock geochemical characteristics: (1) mid-ocean ridge basalts (MORB) that range in composition from light rare earth element (LREE)-depleted varieties (N-MORB; (La/Sm)N<1) through transitional MORB to LREE enriched types (E-MORB; (La/Sm)N>1); (2) the ocean island bas

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25

Putiš, Soták, Li, et al. "Origin and Age Determination of the Neotethys Meliata Basin Ophiolite Fragments in the Late Jurassic–Early Cretaceous Accretionary Wedge Mélange (Inner Western Carpathians, Slovakia)." Minerals 9, no. 11 (2019): 652. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min9110652.

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This study reports the Neotethyan Meliata Basin ophiolite fragments in the Late Jurassic–Early Cretaceous accretionary wedge mélange in the southern part of the Inner Western Carpathians (IWC). Here we present new lithostratigraphical, petrographical, geochemical, and geochronological data obtained from the mélange blocks used to reconstruct the Meliaticum paleotectonic zones in a tentative evolutionary model of this accretionary wedge. The Dobšiná mélange block continental margin carbonatic and siliciclastic sediments have calc-alkaline basalt intercalations. The basalt Concordia age dated to

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26

Staal, C. R. van. "Tectonic setting of the Tetagouche Group in northern New Brunswick: implications for plate tectonic models of the northern Appalachians." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 24, no. 7 (1987): 1329–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e87-128.

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A regional compilation and reinterpretation of geochemical analyses of mafic igneous rocks from the Ordovician Tetagouche Group in northern New Brunswick indicates the presence of at least three mafic assemblages: two groups of basalts and gabbros and one group of gabbros only. The three groups can be separated on the basis of TiO2 and trace-element content. Group A basalts generally have mid-ocean-ridge basalt (MORB)-like compositions, whereas group B basalts indicate a "within-plate" setting (WPB). Group C gabbros intrude into silicic volcanics that underlie the basalts but are rare or absen

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27

Slovenec, Damir, Boško Lugović, and Irena Vlahović. "Geochemistry, petrology and tectonomagmatic significance of basaltic rocks from the ophiolite mélange at the NW External-Internal Dinarides junction (Croatia)." Geologica Carpathica 61, no. 4 (2010): 273–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10096-010-0016-1.

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Geochemistry, petrology and tectonomagmatic significance of basaltic rocks from the ophiolite mélange at the NW External-Internal Dinarides junction (Croatia)At the NW inflexion of the Sava-Vardar Suture Zone ophiolite mélanges, known as the Kalnik Unit, form the surface of the slopes of several Pannonian inselbergs in the SW Zagorje-Mid-Transdanubian Zone. The Mt Samoborska Gora ophiolite mélange, thought to be a part of the Kalnik Unit, forms a separate sector obducted directly onto Dinaric Triassic carbonate sediments. Basaltic rocks, the only magmatic rocks incorporated in the mélange, inc

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Borisova, Anastassia Y., Ilya N. Bindeman, Michael J. Toplis, et al. "Zircon survival in shallow asthenosphere and deep lithosphere." American Mineralogist 105, no. 11 (2020): 1662–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/am-2020-7402.

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Abstract Zircon (ZrSiO4) is the most frequently used geochronometer of terrestrial and extraterrestrial processes. To shed light on question of zircon survival in the Earth's shallow asthenosphere, high-temperature experiments of zircon dissolution in natural mid-ocean ridge basaltic (MORB) and synthetic haplobasaltic melts have been performed at temperatures of 1250–1300 °C and pressures from 0.1 MPa to 0.7 GPa. Zirconium measurements were made in situ by electron probe microanalyses (EPMA) at high current. Taking into account secondary fluorescence effects in zircon-glass pairs during EPMA,

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29

Richter, Marianne, Oliver Nebel, Roland Maas, et al. "An Early Cretaceous subduction-modified mantle underneath the ultraslow spreading Gakkel Ridge, Arctic Ocean." Science Advances 6, no. 44 (2020): eabb4340. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abb4340.

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Earth’s upper mantle, as sampled by mid-ocean ridge basalts (MORBs) at oceanic spreading centers, has developed chemical and isotopic heterogeneity over billions of years through focused melt extraction and re-enrichment by recycled crustal components. Chemical and isotopic heterogeneity of MORB is dwarfed by the large compositional spectrum of lavas at convergent margins, identifying subduction zones as the major site for crustal recycling into and modification of the mantle. The fate of subduction-modified mantle and if this heterogeneity transmits into MORB chemistry remains elusive. Here,

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Mamberti, Marc, Henriette Lapierre, Delphine Bosch, Etienne Jaillard, Jean Hernandez, and Mireille Polvé. "The Early Cretaceous San Juan Plutonic Suite, Ecuador: a magma chamber in an oceanic plateau?" Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 41, no. 10 (2004): 1237–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e04-060.

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Sections through an oceanic plateau are preserved in tectonic slices in the Western Cordillera of Ecuador (South America). The San Juan section is a sequence of maficultramafic cumulates. To establish that these plutonic rocks formed in an oceanic plateau setting, we have developed criteria that discriminate intrusions of oceanic plateaus from those of other tectonic settings. The mineralogy and crystallization sequence of the cumulates are similar to those of intra-plate magmas. Clinopyroxene predominates throughout, and orthopyroxene is only a minor component. Rocks of intermediate composit

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31

DANELIAN, TANIEL, and ALASTAIR H. F. ROBERTSON. "Neotethyan evolution of eastern Greece (Pagondas Mélange, Evia island) inferred from radiolarian biostratigraphy and the geochemistry of associated extrusive rocks." Geological Magazine 138, no. 3 (2001): 345–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756801005337.

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This paper presents new radiolarian biostratigraphic and igneous/metamorphic geochemical data for a Mesozoic volcanic–sedimentary mélange on the island of Evia (Euboea or Evvoia), eastern Greece. This mélange includes dismembered thrust sheets and blocks of radiolarian chert and basalt. Biostratigraphic age data show that radiolarites interbedded with basalt-derived, coarse clastic sediments near the base of a coherent succession were deposited in Middle and Late Triassic time (Late Ladinian–Carnian, Norian?). Geochemical evidence shows that associated extrusive rocks, of inferred Triassic age

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32

Sautya, Sabyasachi, Baban Ingole, Daniel O. B. Jones, Durbar Ray, and K. A. Kameshraju. "First quantitative exploration of benthic megafaunal assemblages on the mid-oceanic ridge system of the Carlsberg Ridge, Indian Ocean." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 97, no. 2 (2016): 409–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315416000515.

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There are few quantitative studies on deep-sea biodiversity from the Indian Ocean, particularly on the mid-ocean ridges (MOR). We investigated the benthic megafaunal community structure of the Indian Ocean MOR at the Carlsberg Ridge (CR) using underwater video observation by the Television Gripper (TVG) and Ocean Floor Observation System (OFOS) during a multidisciplinary scientific cruise in 2007. Our aim was to observe megafaunal assemblages and their variation with bottom substrate at different geological settings in the CR region. The fauna was identified at best possible taxonomic resoluti

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Zou, Zongqi, Zaicong Wang, Yi-Gang Xu, et al. "Contrasting Cu isotopes in mid-ocean ridge basalts and lower oceanic crust: Insights into the oceanic crustal magma plumbing systems." Earth and Planetary Science Letters 627 (February 2024): 118563. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2023.118563.

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Skolotnev, S. G., A. A. Peyve, S. Yu Sokolov, et al. "Oceanic Crust Formation in the Mid-Atlantic Ridge Segment between Azores and Icelandic Plumes: Results of Geological and Petrogeochemical Studies." Геотектоника, no. 5 (September 1, 2023): 3–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0016853x23050089.

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The structure of the ocean floor and the composition of basalts and dolerites of the MAR segment between the Maxwell and Charlie Gibbs FZs (North Atlantic) were studied based on the data of the 53rd cruise of the R/V “Akademik Nikolaj Strakhov”. It was found that in this segment, along the spreading axis, areas of greater and lesser magmatic productivity alternate, which correspond to higher and lower bottom relief. In areas of high relief, spreading cells form in the axial zone, and rises of various nature dominate in the ridge zone: from tectonic to volcanic. In areas of low relief, the rift

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Sakai, Shunta, Naoto Hirano, Yildirim Dilek, Shiki Machida, Kazutaka Yasukawa, and Yasuhiro Kato. "Tokoro Belt (NE Hokkaido): an exhumed, Jurassic – Early Cretaceous seamount in the Late Cretaceous accretionary prism of northern Japan." Geological Magazine 158, no. 1 (2019): 72–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756819000633.

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AbstractThe Tokoro Belt exposed in NE Hokkaido (Japan) represents part of a Late Cretaceous accretionary complex, which includes variously metamorphosed volcanic rocks that are interbedded with chert, lenticular limestone and some fore-arc sedimentary rocks. The Tokoro Belt is notably different from other Late Cretaceous accretionary complexes around the Pacific Rim because of widespread occurrence of basalts and volcaniclastic rocks in it. The Nikoro Group, characterized by widespread occurrence of volcanic rocks, is divided into western, eastern and southern sections based on the internal st

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Skolotnev, S. G., A. A. Peyve, S. A. Dokashenko, V. N. Dobrolyubov, O. I. Okina, and B. V. Ermolaev. "NEW DATA ON THE COMPOSITION OF BASALTS FROM SEAMOUNT NEAR THE EASTERN FLANK OF THE CHARLIE GIBBS FZ (NORTH ATLANTIC)." Доклады Российской академии наук. Науки о Земле 513, no. 2 (2023): 189–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s2686739723601801.

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Composition of basalts collected from the slopes of a single seamount (guyot) located south of the eastern flank of the Charlie Gibbs FZ in the North Atlantic, was studied. High-titanium and low-titanium groups related respectively to E-MORB and T-MORB oceanic tholeites, were singled out. Basalts of the first group are characterized by higher concentrations of TiO2, Na2O, K2O, P2O5, Fe2O3 and incoherent trace-elements. Basalts of both groups were melted from a mantle substrate of similar composition, which is a mixture of DM and HIMU mantle material and to a lesser extent – EM-2. Their differe

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Oluyede, Kehinde, Ibrahim Garba, Umar Danbatta, Paul Ogunleye, and Urs Klötzli. "Petrography and geochemistry of the granitoids and associated volcanic rocks of the northern part of Kushaka and Birnin Gwari schist belts, NW Nigeria: implications for provenance and geological setting." International Journal of Advanced Geosciences 9, no. 2 (2021): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijag.v9i2.31269.

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The granitoids and the associated volcanic rocks of the northern part of Kushaka and Birnin Gwari schist belts were emplaced in the ca. 3.5 – 1. 0 Ga remobilized basement complex terrain composed of metasedimentary and metaigneous rocks that later underwent medium- to high-grade metamorphism during the Pan-African thermo-tectonic event. They comprise dominantly of diorite, granodiorite, granite, granite gneiss and basalt, and are product of metasomatism and injections. The diorite and granodiorite occur as paleosome and the granite as leucosome with the development of high temperature minerals

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Bolarinwa, Anthony Temidayo, and Adebimpe Atinuke Adepoju. "Geochemical Characteristics and Tectonic Setting of Amphibolites in Ifewara Area, Ife-Ilesha Schist Belt, Southwestern Nigeria." Earth Science Research 6, no. 1 (2016): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/esr.v6n1p43.

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Trace and Rare Earth Elements (REEs) data are used to constrain the geochemical evolution of the amphibolites from Ifewara in the Ife-Ilesha schist belt of southwestern Nigeria. The amphibolites can be grouped into banded and sheared amphibolites. Major element data show SiO2 (48.34%), Fe2O3 (11.03-17.88%), MgO (5.76-9.90%), CaO (7.76-18.6%) and TiO2 (0.44-1.77%) contents which are similar to amphibolites in other schist belts in Nigeria. The Al2O3 (2.85-15.55%) content is varied, with the higher values suggesting alkali basalt protolith. Trace and rare earth elements composition reveal Sr (16

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Cumming, G. L., D. Krstic, and H. Puchelt. "Pb, Sr, and Nd isotopic systematics of rocks from the Galapagos Microplate." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 32, no. 4 (1995): 508–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e95-043.

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Pb, Sr, and Nd isotopic analyses were performed on a suite of compositionally variable rock samples representing an approximately 2500 m thickness of oceanic crustal lithologies from the deep rift valleys and spreading centers along the periphery of the Galapagos Microplate at the junction of the Pacific, Cocos, and Nazca plates. Samples were obtained from lower peridotite and gabbro layers, Fe–Ti basalts, very recent neovolcanic flows, and the thin sedimentary cover. The samples were dredged, cored, or video-grabbed during the research cruise Sonne 60. For unaltered igneous rocks, 206Pb/204Pb

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Li, Peishu, and Alan E. Boudreau. "Vapor transport of silver and gold in basaltic lava flows." Geology 47, no. 9 (2019): 877–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/g46407.1.

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Abstract We documented occurrences of native copper (Cu), silver (Ag), and gold (Au) in a pāhoehoe flow from Kīlauea volcano (Hawaii, USA), an a‘ā flow from Mauna Loa volcano (Hawaii), and a mid-oceanic-ridge basalt (MORB) from the Chile Ridge (southeastern Pacific Ocean). Native Ag in Kīlauea and MORB samples consistently contained minor Cl (<1 wt%). Native Ag in Hawaiian basalts can occur at the center of nearly circular patches of relatively evolved minerals, which presumably formed after late-stage silicate liquid infilled pipe vesicles. Sulfur loss and oxidation of a Cu-sulfide phase c

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GODOY, Antonio Misson, Otávio Augusto Ruiz Paccola VIEIRA, and Douglas Correa FERRAZ. "Magmatismo básico mesoproterozoico associado às rochas metassedimentares da Formação Água Clara do Supergrupo Açungui." Geosciences = Geociências 44, no. 2 (2025): 183–210. https://doi.org/10.5016/geociencias.v44i2.19088.

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RESUMO - As rochas ortoderivadas básicas e ultrabásicas da porção sul do Cinturão Ribeira, norte do Terreno Apiaí, no sudoeste do estado de São Paulo são definidas por anfibolitos, metabasitos, anfibólio xisto e localmente metaultrabasitos de idade meso- a neoproterozoica e encontram-se associadas às rochas da sequência metavulcanossedimentar da Formação Água Clara, Supergrupo Açungui. O metamorfismo regional progressivo é do tipo Barroviano e a paragênese mineral é constituída de pseudomorfos ígneos de piroxênios “augita” ± labradorita, associado às paragêneses metamórficas apresentando magne

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St-Onge, M. R., S. B. Lucas, and R. R. Parrish. "Terrane accretion in the internal zone of the Ungava orogen, northern Quebec. Part 1: Tectonostratigraphic assemblages and their tectonic implications." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 29, no. 4 (1992): 746–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e92-064.

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The tectonostratigraphic record of the Ungava orogen contains evidence for the interaction of divergent, transform, and convergent plate boundaries over a > 0.2 Ga period in the Early Proterozoic. Three principal tectonic domains are recognized: (1) autochthonous basement plutonic and supracrustal rocks of Archean age; (2) autochthonous and allochthonous sedimentary and volcanic units associated with a ca. 1.99–1.92 Ga rift-to-drift margin; and (3) "suspect' ' crustal components of a ca. 2.00 Ga ophiolite and ca. 1.90–1.83 Ga island-arc terrane. Domain 1 is the stratigraphic or structural b

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Ahmad, Mansoor, Abdul Qayoom Paul, Priyanka Negi, Salim Akhtar, Bibhuti Gogoi, and Ashima Saikia. "Mafic rocks with back-arc E-MORB affinity from the Chotanagpur Granite Gneiss Complex of India: relicts of a Proterozoic Ophiolite suite." Geological Magazine 158, no. 9 (2021): 1527–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756821000078.

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AbstractThe Proterozoic Chotanagpur Granite Gneiss Complex (CGGC) at the northern boundary of the Central Indian Tectonic Zone (CITZ) of the eastern Indian shield preserves relics of fossilized oceanic back-arc crust. We describe the field, petrographical and geochemical characteristics of the mafic rocks comprising pillow basalts and dolerites from the Bathani area of the northern fringe of the CGGC, eastern India. The basalts consist of plagioclase feldspar, hornblende, opaque minerals (Fe–Ti oxide) and chlorite, and the dolerite consists of plagioclase, hornblende and opaque minerals. Our d

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Zhong, Yun, Xu Zhang, Zhilei Sun, et al. "Sr–Nd–Pb–Hf Isotopic Constraints on the Mantle Heterogeneities beneath the South Mid-Atlantic Ridge at 18–21°S." Minerals 10, no. 11 (2020): 1010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min10111010.

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In an attempt to investigate the nature and origin of mantle heterogeneities beneath the South Mid-Atlantic Ridge (SMAR), we report new whole-rock Sr, Nd, Pb, and Hf isotopic data from eight basalt samples at four dredge stations along the SMAR between 18°S and 21°S. Sr, Nd, and Pb isotopic data from SMAR mid-ocean ridge basalts (MORBs) at 18–21°S published by other researchers were also utilized in this study. The SMAR MORBs at 18–21°S feature the following ratio ranges: 87Sr/86Sr = 0.70212 to 0.70410, 143Nd/144Nd = 0.512893 to 0.513177, 206Pb/204Pb = 18.05 to 19.50, 207Pb/204Pb = 15.47 to 15

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Peyve, A. A., S. Yu Sokolov, A. A. Razumovsky, et al. "Relation between Magmatic and Tectonic Processes in the Formation of the Oceanic Crust to the South of the Charlie Gibbs Fracture Zone (North Atlantic)." Геотектоника, no. 1 (January 1, 2023): 48–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0016853x23010058.

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The article presents new data on the structure and relationship of tectonic and magmatic processes during the formation of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge between the Charlie Gibbs and Maxwell fracture zones in the North Atlantic. It is shown that this region is characterized by significant reduction in volcanism, which leads to the excavation of low crustal and upper mantle rocks to the surface. Both individual inland oceanic complexes of the most varied configurations and extended sublatitudinal ridges composed of plutonic rocks are formed. Our analysis showed that this formation setting existed for

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Nagahashi, Tohru, and Sumio Miyashita. "Petrology of the greenstones of the Lower Sorachi Group in the Sorachi-Yezo Belt, central Hokkaido, Japan, with special reference to discrimination between oceanic plateau basalts and mid-oceanic ridge basalts." Island Arc 11, no. 2 (2002): 122–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1738.2002.00361.x.

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Rathsack, Kristina, Erko Stackebrandt, Joachim Reitner, and Gabriela Schumann. "Microorganisms Isolated from Deep Sea Low-temperature Influenced Oceanic Crust Basalts and Sediment Samples Collected along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge." Geomicrobiology Journal 26, no. 4 (2009): 264–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01490450902892456.

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Sarifakioglu, E., Y. Dilek, and M. Sevin. "Jurassic–Paleogene intra-oceanic magmatic evolution of the Ankara Mélange, North-Central Anatolia, Turkey." Solid Earth Discussions 5, no. 2 (2013): 1941–2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/sed-5-1941-2013.

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Abstract. Oceanic rocks in the Ankara Mélange along the Izmir–Ankara–Erzincan suture zone (IAESZ) in North-Central Anatolia include locally coherent ophiolite complexes (~179 Ma and ~80 Ma), seamount or oceanic plateau volcanic units with pelagic and reefal limestones (96.6 ± 1.8 Ma), metamorphic rocks with ages of 187.4 ± 3.7 Ma, 158.4 ± 4.2 Ma, and 83.5 ± 1.2 Ma, and subalkaline to alkaline volcanic and plutonic rocks of an island arc origin (~67–63 Ma). All but the arc rocks occur in a shaly-graywacke and/or serpentinite matrix, and are deformed by south-vergent thrust faults and folds that

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Ohta, H., S. Maruyama, E. Takahashi, Y. Watanabe, and Y. Kato. "Field occurrence, geochemistry and petrogenesis of the Archean Mid-Oceanic Ridge Basalts (AMORBs) of the Cleaverville area, Pilbara Craton, Western Australia." Lithos 37, no. 2-3 (1996): 199–221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0024-4937(95)00037-2.

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BORTOLOTTI, VALERIO, MARCO CHIARI, M. CEMAL GÖNCÜOGLU, et al. "The Jurassic–Early Cretaceous basalt–chert association in the ophiolites of the Ankara Mélange, east of Ankara, Turkey: age and geochemistry." Geological Magazine 155, no. 2 (2017): 451–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756817000401.

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AbstractThis study is focused on slide blocks including oceanic lavas associated with pelagic sediments within the eastern part of the Ankara Mélange. A detailed petrological characterization of the volcanic rocks and a detailed biochronological investigation of the associated radiolarian cherts in eight sections (east of Ankara) was carried out. The volcanic rocks are largely represented by basalts and minor ferrobasalts and trachytes. They show different geochemical affinities and overlapping ages including: (a) Late Jurassic – Early Cretaceous garnet-influenced MORB (middle late Oxfordian t

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