Journal articles: 'Midday Thought'

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Tombesi, Sergio, Kevin R. Day, R. Scott Johnson, Rebecca Phene, and Theodore M. DeJong. "Vigour reduction in girdled peach trees is related to lower midday stem water potentials." Functional Plant Biology 41, no. 12 (2014): 1336. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/fp14089.

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Stem or trunk girdling is a technique used in physiological studies and in horticultural practice for interrupting carbon flow through the phloem to other parts of the plant without influencing water flow in the xylem. Trunk girdling in peaches is practiced primarily to stimulate fruit growth but it also tends to decrease shoot vigour for a period of time after girdling. Water flow through the trunk or branches of peach trees is thought to be primarily dependent on the most recently formed ring of xylem and vegetative growth is closely related to stem water potential and stem hydraulic conductance. The aim of the present work was to determine whether vigour reduction due to girdling was correlated with a reduction in midday stem water potential during the period of time between girdling and the subsequent healing of stem tissue. ‘Springcrest’ peach trees were girdled on two different dates. Fruit yield and size, water sprout growth, proleptic shoot growth and stem water potential were measured. Early and late girdled trees yielded larger fruits and fewer and shorter water sprouts in comparison with control trees. Midday stem water potential declined significantly after girdling and gradually recovered until the time of fruit harvest. These results suggest that the vigour reduction of girdled trees is related to a decrease of midday stem water potential caused by girdling. Early tree girdling increased the reduction in midday stem water potential and shoot growth compared with the later girdling treatment. These results point out that even though girdling only removes bark and phloem tissue it can apparently affect water flow in xylem.

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FAUZIAH, ANNA, DIETRIECH G. BENGEN, MUJIZAT KAWAROE, HEFNI EFFENDI, and MAJARIANA KRISANTI. "Spatio-temporal distribution of microalgae producing chlorophyll and carotenoid pigments in Bali Strait, Indonesia." Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity 20, no. 1 (2018): 61–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d200108.

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Fauziah A, Bengen DG, Kawaroe M, Effendi H, Krisanti M. 2019. Spatio-temporal distribution of microalgae producing chlorophyll and carotenoid pigments in Bali Strait, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 61-67. The Bali Strait waters become a place for various development activities that connect Java Island and Bali Island so that it is thought to have an impact in the life of microalgae that play an important role in the wealth of their water resources. This study aims to explore the spatiotemporal distribution of marine microalgae, which has the potential to produce chlorophyll and carotenoid pigments, as well as their relationship with the environmental characteristics of the Bali Strait waters. The research was conducted at the 5 stations in the morning, midday and afternoon. The data obtained were analyzed using Principal component analysis (PCA) and Correspondence analysis (CA). The results showed that chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b and carotenoid were mostly contained by the species Chaetoceros gracilis, Tripos lunula at station 5 (Pang-pang Bay) in the morning, midday and afternoon, and contained by the species Fragilariopsis cylindrus, Thalassiothrix fravenfeldii at station 3 (Ketapang-Gilimanuk ferriage) in the midday and afternoon. Spatially, salinity, ammonia, nitrate, and chlorophyll-a have significantly different values between stations, while temporally the content of chlorophyll-b and carotenoid are influenced by time (in the morning, midday and afternoon).

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Traill, David A. "CAREFREE IN CORFU? HORACE, EPISTLES 1.2.31." Classical Quarterly 67, no. 1 (2017): 314–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009838817000052.

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nos numerus sumus et frugis consumere nati,sponsi Penelopae nebulones Alcinoiquein cute curanda plus aequo operata iuuentus,cui pulchrum fuit in medios dormire dies et 30ad strepitum citharae cessatum ducere curam.ut iugulent hominem, surgunt de nocte latrones:ut te ipsum serues, non expergisceris?We are ciphers, born to eat bread, the worthless suitors of Penelope and the young men of Alcinous’ court, all too concerned with keeping their skin attractive, who thought it a fine thing to sleep till midday and * * * To murder a man, thieves get up at night; to save yourself, won't you wake up?

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Misztal, P. K., E. Nemitz, B. Langford, et al. "Direct ecosystem fluxes of volatile organic compounds from oil palms in South-East Asia." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 11, no. 4 (2011): 12671–724. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-11-12671-2011.

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Abstract. This paper reports the first direct eddy covariance fluxes of reactive biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) from oil palms to the atmosphere using proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS), measured at a plantation in Malaysian Borneo. At midday, net isoprene flux constituted the largest fraction (84%) of all emitted BVOCs measured, at up to 30 mg m−2 h−1 over 12 days. By contrast, the sum of its oxidation products methyl vinyl ketone (MVK) and methacrolein (MACR) exhibited clear deposition, with a small average canopy resistance of 230 s m−1. Approximately 15% of the resolved BVOC flux from oil palm trees could be attributed to floral emissions, which are thought to be the largest reported biogenic source of estragole and possibly also toluene. Although on average the midday volume mixing ratio of estragole exceeded that of toluene by almost a factor of two, the corresponding fluxes of these two compounds were nearly the same, amounting to 0.81 and 0.76 mg m−2 h−1, respectively. By fitting the canopy temperature and PAR response of the MEGAN emissions algorithm for isoprene and other emitted BVOCs a basal emission rate of isoprene of 7.8 mg m−2 h−1 was derived. We parameterise fluxes of depositing compounds using a resistance approach using direct canopy measurements of deposition. We propose that it is important to include deposition in flux models, especially for secondary oxidation products, in order to improve flux predictions.

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Maxwell, Kate. "Resistance is useful: diurnal patterns of photosynthesis in C3 and crassulacean acid metabolism epiphytic bromeliads." Functional Plant Biology 29, no. 6 (2002): 679. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pp01193.

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This paper originates from a presentation at the IIIrd International Congress on Crassulacean Acid Metabolism, Cape Tribulation, Queensland, Australia, August 2001 Diurnal patterns of photosynthesis in response to environmental variables were investigated in an obligate C3 and a facultative C3-crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) bromeliad species. A midday depression of photosynthesis occurred in both C3 groups, mediated as a decrease in stomatal conductance in response to increased vapour pressure difference. The response was associated with a reduction in Rubisco activation state during the period of maximum photon flux density. In contrast, the switch to CAM resulted in a strong shift in the pattern of Rubisco carbamylation, with full enzyme activation delayed until the midday period. For the first time it is demonstrated that the pattern of Rubisco activation differs between C3 and CAM plants of the same species under identical conditions. Despite large differences in Rubisco content between C3 and CAM plants, neither the amount of Rubisco or enzyme activity is thought to be limiting for photosynthesis, and it is suggested that Rubisco may function as a nitrogen store. Extreme CO2 diffusion limitation resulted in low rates of atmospheric CO2 assimilation that were associated with high rates of photosynthetic electron transport, and it is likely that photorespiration constitutes a significant electron sink over the entire diurnal course. Leaf morphological and physiological adaptations to drought stress are necessary for the epiphytic lifestyle but limit CO2 assimilation and confound the likelihood of high productivity.

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Misztal, P. K., E. Nemitz, B. Langford, et al. "Direct ecosystem fluxes of volatile organic compounds from oil palms in South-East Asia." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 11, no. 17 (2011): 8995–9017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-8995-2011.

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Abstract. This paper reports the first direct eddy covariance fluxes of reactive biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) from oil palms to the atmosphere using proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS), measured at a plantation in Malaysian Borneo. At midday, net isoprene flux constituted the largest fraction (84 %) of all emitted BVOCs measured, at up to 30 mg m−2 h−1 over 12 days. By contrast, the sum of its oxidation products methyl vinyl ketone (MVK) and methacrolein (MACR) exhibited clear deposition of 1 mg m−2 h−1, with a small average canopy resistance of 230 s m−1. Approximately 15 % of the resolved BVOC flux from oil palm trees could be attributed to floral emissions, which are thought to be the largest reported biogenic source of estragole and possibly also toluene. Although on average the midday volume mixing ratio of estragole exceeded that of toluene by almost a factor of two, the corresponding fluxes of these two compounds were nearly the same, amounting to 0.81 and 0.76 mg m−2 h−1, respectively. By fitting the canopy temperature and PAR response of the MEGAN emissions algorithm for isoprene and other emitted BVOCs a basal emission rate of isoprene of 7.8 mg m−2 h−1 was derived. We parameterise fluxes of depositing compounds using a resistance approach using direct canopy measurements of deposition. Consistent with Karl et al. (2010), we also propose that it is important to include deposition in flux models, especially for secondary oxidation products, in order to improve flux predictions.

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Reed, Chris, Mathew J. Evans, Leigh R. Crilley, et al. "Evidence for renoxification in the tropical marine boundary layer." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 17, no. 6 (2017): 4081–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-4081-2017.

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Abstract. We present 2 years of NOx observations from the Cape Verde Atmospheric Observatory located in the tropical Atlantic boundary layer. We find that NOx mixing ratios peak around solar noon (at 20–30 pptV depending on season), which is counter to box model simulations that show a midday minimum due to OH conversion of NO2 to HNO3. Production of NOx via decomposition of organic nitrogen species and the photolysis of HNO3 appear insufficient to provide the observed noontime maximum. A rapid photolysis of nitrate aerosol to produce HONO and NO2, however, is able to simulate the observed diurnal cycle. This would make it the dominant source of NOx at this remote marine boundary layer site, overturning the previous paradigm according to which the transport of organic nitrogen species, such as PAN, is the dominant source. We show that observed mixing ratios (November–December 2015) of HONO at Cape Verde (∼ 3.5 pptV peak at solar noon) are consistent with this route for NOx production. Reactions between the nitrate radical and halogen hydroxides which have been postulated in the literature appear to improve the box model simulation of NOx. This rapid conversion of aerosol phase nitrate to NOx changes our perspective of the NOx cycling chemistry in the tropical marine boundary layer, suggesting a more chemically complex environment than previously thought.

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Zwart, Drew C., and Soo-Hyung Kim. "Biochar Amendment Increases Resistance to Stem Lesions Caused by Phytophthora spp. in Tree Seedlings." HortScience 47, no. 12 (2012): 1736–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.47.12.1736.

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Soil amendment with biochar is thought to confer multiple benefits to plants including induction of systemic resistance to plant pathogens. Pathogens in the genus Phytophthora cause damaging diseases of woody species throughout the world. The objective of this study was to test 1) whether biochar amendment induces resistance to canker causing Phytophthora pathogens; and 2) how this resistance is related to the amount of biochar amendment in two common landscape tree species: Quercus rubra (L.) and Acer rubrum (L.). Seedlings of Q. rubra and A. rubrum were planted in peatmoss-based potting mix uniformly amended with 0%, 5%, 10%, or 20% biochar by volume. Plants in each treatment group were stem wound-inoculated with an isolate of Phytophthora cinnamomi Rands (host: Q. rubra) or P. cactorum (Leb. and Cohn) Schröeter (host: A. rubrum) using standard agar-plug inoculation procedures. Amendment of potting media with 5% biochar reduced horizontal expansion of lesions in both hosts, whereas the same treatment significantly reduced vertical expansion of lesions in A. rubrum (P < 0.05). In addition, 5% biochar resulted in a higher midday stem water potential in Q. rubra (P = 0.066) and significantly greater stem biomass in A. rubrum compared with inoculated control plants (0% biochar, P < 0.05). Our results suggest that biochar amendment has the potential to alleviate disease progression and physiological stress caused by Phytophthora canker pathogens and there is likely an optimal level of biochar incorporation into the root media beyond which the effects may be less pronounced.

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Barry, Graham H., William S. Castle, and Frederick S. Davies. "Rootstocks and Plant Water Relations Affect Sugar Accumulation of Citrus Fruit Via Osmotic Adjustment." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 129, no. 6 (2004): 881–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.129.6.0881.

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Citrus rootstocks have well-known effects on tree size, crop load, fruit size, and various fruit quality factors. Fruit from trees budded on invigorating rootstocks are generally larger with lower soluble solids concentration (SSC) and titratable acidity compared to fruit from trees budded on less invigorating rootstocks. Although it is unclear how rootstocks exert their influence on juice quality of Citrus L. species, plant water relations are thought to play a central role. In addition, the larger fruit size associated with invigorating rootstocks and the inverse relationship between SSC and fruit size implies that fruit borne on trees on invigorating rootstocks have lower SSC due to dilution effects in larger fruit. To determine how rootstock type affects sugar accumulation in fruit of Citrus species, controlled water-deficit stress was applied to mature `Valencia' sweet orange [C. sinensis (L.) Osb.] trees on Carrizo citrange [C. sinensis × Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf.] or rough lemon (C. jambhiri Lush.) rootstocks. Withholding water from the root zone of citrus trees during stage II of fruit development decreased midday stem water potential and increased the concentrations of primary osmotica, fructose and glucose. Sucrose concentration was not affected, suggesting that sucrose hydrolysis took place. Increased concentrations of sugars and SSC in fruit from moderately water-stressed trees occurred independently of fruit size and juice content. Thus, passive dehydration of juice sacs, and concentration of soluble solids, was not the primary cause of differences in sugar accumulation. Controlled water-deficit stress caused active osmotic adjustment in fruit of `Valencia' sweet orange. However, when water-deficit stress was applied later in fruit development (e.g., stage III) there was no increase in sugars or SSC. The evidence presented supports the hypothesis that differential sugar accumulation of citrus fruit from trees on rootstocks of contrasting vigor and, hence, plant water relations, is caused by differences in tree water status and the enhancement of sucrose hydrolysis into component hexose sugars resulting in osmotic adjustment. Therefore, inherent rootstock differences affecting plant water relations are proposed as a primary cause of differences in sugar accumulation and SSC among citrus rootstocks.

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Basinger, David. "Middle Knowledge and Classical Christian Thought." Religious Studies 22, no. 3-4 (1986): 407–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0034412500018424.

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To say that God is omniscient, most philosophers and theologians agree, is to say that he knows all true propositions and none that are false. But there is a great deal of disagreement about what is knowable. Some believe that God's knowledge is limited to everything that is (or has been) actual and that which will follow deterministically from it. He knows, for example, exactly what Caesar was thinking when he crossed the Rubicon and how many horses he had in his army that day. And he knows exactly how Gorbachev feels about the use of nuclear weapons. And since he knows how the ‘laws of nature’ (which he has purportedly created) function, he knows, for example, how certain weather systems will develop and what their effects will be on certain natural environments. But with respect to any future state of affairs which includes free human decision-making as a causal component, God is said not to know what will occur. God, as the ultimate psychoanalyst or behaviourist, can with great accuracy predict what we will freely decide to do in the future in many cases. He might well, for example, be able to predict quite accurately who will win the 1988 Presidential election. But a God who possesses only ‘present knowledge’ (PK) cannot know who will win. Given that the election in question is dependent on free choices which have yet to be made, there is presently nothing for God to know.

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Sáenz de Buruaga Blázquez, Andoni. "El Paleolítico inferior y medio en el País Vasco: síntesis de datos y algunas impresiones." SPAL. Revista de Prehistoria y Arqueología de la Universidad de Sevilla, no. 9 (2000): 49–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.12795/spal.2000.i9.02.

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Barnett, Rosemary V., and M. A. Brennan. "Aggressors, Victims and Bystanders: Preventing Bullying in the Middle School Environment." Journal of Youth Development 4, no. 2 (2009): 28–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/jyd.2009.262.

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The research presented in this article examines the effects of implementing a prevention program for bullying and aggressive behaviors to sixth graders in 14 Florida middle schools. The evaluation was conducted as a control/experimental design. The primary goals of this manuscript are to determine: (a) the change from baseline student habits of thought related to violence prevention, (b) student habits of thought related to attitudes and physical behaviors related to violence, and (c) teacher perceptions of student attitudes and behaviors related to violence. Equally important, this study adds to our understanding of bullying prevention programs by examining the impact of an Aggressors,’ Victims’ and Bystanders’ program in terms of three dimensions: (1) teacher perceptions of student thoughts and behaviors related to their ability to solve conflict, (2) middle school student habits of thought about violence prevention, and (3) middle school student attitudes about behaviors associated with the prevention of violence, including aggressor behaviors and actions and bystander behaviors and actions.

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Sklizkova, Ekaterina V. "Culture forming characteristics of the Middle ages: Britain vs Russia." Vestnik slavianskikh kul’tur [Bulletin of Slavic Cultures] 59 (2021): 96–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.37816/2073-9567-2021-59-96-108.

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Any historico-cultural type creates its own model of the world which is formed by universal for the society ideas and thoughts. The Middle ages are one of the most complicated, very many-sided and contradictory epochs. It was built by several large and active strata. Such subdivision was manifested in mosaicism of cultural heritage, where different phenomena can be viewed as a pattern of separate culture, though coherent in sociocultural characteristics. The dualism of the epoch reflects on the one hand in cultural globalism for whole Europe, one the other hand in variations within. Aesthetic views were mostly manifested at court, accumulated and shown as a signs. Aristocracy partly artificially synthesized its culture, shaping in the most attractive form. It was structuralized in common European context, having absorbed local cultures, primary so called Anglo-Saxon. Though any 3–5 centuries the territory of the British Isles was being marched through by a new wave of invaders, changed the culture. So it is possible to examine the unique cultures of these peoples and their impact to British one. Although the history of Russia exists in another context, it is the history of not consequent main cultures but the history of one nation. Certainly, as the multiethnic state Russia includes many cultures of many peoples but the central and cementing one, made the country as it stands, is Russian.

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AFIF, MOHAMAD. "PEMIKIRAN SUFISTIK NURCHOLISH MADJID." ALQALAM 32, no. 2 (2015): 379. http://dx.doi.org/10.32678/alqalam.v32i2.1395.

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Nurcholish Madjid (Cak Nur) is well known especially among Indonesian middle class and well-educated group in Indonesia. Between the 1970s and the 2000s, his thoughts, received great attention because his ideas about the renewal of Islamic thought were to some extent controversial. Nevertheless, there are still many people who do not know Cak Nur's thought outside the field of the renewal of Islamic thought . In fact, as a qualified and knowledgeable scholar, Cak Nur talked in many ways and in many fields of Islam , one of them is Sufism. Just like his thinking in the field of renewal which are weighty and meaningful, his thought in Mysticism was also pivotal. Therefore it is important to introduce his thinking widely to the public in order to take benefit from it.Key words: Nurchulis Madjid, Sufism, Neo -Sufism

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Doel, Marcus A. "Topoi/graphein: mapping the middle in spatial thought." Social & Cultural Geography 20, no. 6 (2019): 871–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14649365.2019.1569177.

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Behar, Moshe, and Zvi Ben-Dor Benite. "The Possibility of Modern Middle Eastern Jewish Thought." British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies 41, no. 1 (2014): 43–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13530194.2014.878506.

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Harfouch, John. "Anti-colonial Middle Eastern and North African Thought." Radical Philosophy Review 24, no. 2 (2021): 169–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/radphilrev202163117.

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I argue that while recognition is important for Middle Eastern and North African philosophers in academia and society, recognition alone should not define the anti-colonial movement. BDS provides a better model of engagement because it constructs identities in order to bring about material changes in the academy and beyond. In the first part of the essay, I catalog how MENA thought traditions have been and continue to be suppressed within the academy and philosophy in particular. I then sketch one possible path to better representation in philosophy by reading Fayez Sayegh’s analyses of Zionist colonialism and Palestinian non-being. In the second half of the essay, I argue that BDS is among the premier anti-colonial movements on American campuses today because it is a materialist anti-racist movement. Insofar as that movement is often shunned and prohibited, an anti-colonial society offers a membership in exile.

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Nopriansyah, Eko. "TELA’AH PEMIKIRAN ALWI SHIHAB TENTANG TOLERANSI BERAGAMA DALAM BUKU ISLAM INKLUSIF." Nurani: Jurnal Kajian Syari'ah dan Masyarakat 17, no. 2 (2018): 133–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.19109/nurani.v17i2.1841.

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This research is titled Tela'ah Thought Alwi Shihab on Religious Tolerance in the Book of Inclusive Islam. This study aims to examine the various thoughts of Alwi Shihab in his book Islam Inclusive. To know the various problems that background the happening of intolerant cadet in religion in the middle of Plurality and religious diversity. To know how Alwi Shihab explains the various solutions and thoughts that he poured in his book Islam Inclusive. In today's reality we often find that the various conflicts between religious communities in various majorities and minorities of Muslims have become viral in the Netizen world about the persecution of the Rohingya Muslim community. In Miyanmar, this is certainly a test of every Religion that echoes religious tolerance. However, by re-examining the thoughts of Alwi Shihab became an important learning for every religious people. In an Inclusive Islam book written by Alwi Shihab, a scholar from the University of Temple of America and a Doctoral Degree at Egypt's Ayn Syam University, has made a significant contribution in establishing a religious tolerance stance, addressing issues and resolving conflicts and relationships between religious communities with views the more Universal. In examining the various thoughts of Alwi Shihab and by conducting literature study the authors found various thoughts of Islamic thought that supports the concept of religious tolerance in the offer Alwi shihab so that Alwi shihab thought this becomes something important contribution, especially in build attitude of religious tolerance. More to build tolerance in a group of religions who have different views to embody and revive the Islamic substance as Rahmatallil Alamin.

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Gyo, Kiyofumi, and Yasushi Sasaki. "Solubilization of keratin debris in conservative treatment of middle ear cholesteatoma: an in vitro study." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 108, no. 2 (1994): 113–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215100126040.

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AbstractA variety of solutions were tested in vitro to find a suitable solvent which could be used in clinical practice for cholesteatoma debris. Though a little weak as a solvent, a liquid soap composed mainly of plant oil did not cause irritation of the middle ear mucosa, and was thought to be a promising solvent with which to rinse away tenacious debris, especially when used in combination with hydrogen peroxide.

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Kovalev, Viktor A., and Konstantin E. Krylov. "The Idea of Determinacy of the Supreme Government by Electoral Technologies in the European Medieval State Legal Tradition." History of state and law 2 (February 11, 2021): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.18572/1812-3805-2021-2-61-68.

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The main theme of the article is investigation of the electoral culture in the European political and legal thought. Authors argue the ancient sources of this tradition tracing it from the three sources — Roman, German and Christian political thoughts. During the Middle Ages European legal concepts of the supreme power’s nature oscillated between hereditary and election as a foundation of the supreme power. Only on the edge of the Middle Ages and the Modern Era monarchy became strait hereditary. The idea of election did not disappear, remains the core ingridient of the image of power’s legitimacy.

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Hamdan, Ali. "Thoughts from the Provinces." International Journal of Middle East Studies 49, no. 2 (2017): 331–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020743817000113.

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“Place matters,” geographers are fond of saying. And it seems this sentiment is more and more embraced by scholars in other disciplines. The current outpour of writing in Middle East studies that draws on geographic themes goes a long way toward showing how “spatial form can alter the future course of the very histories which have produced it.” At the same time, geography in Middle East studies is at risk of being provincialized over the long term, instead of taken seriously as a source for new approaches to studying the region. For the so-called spatial turn to endure, it must be transformed from a vague thematic concern to a more self-conscious analytical perspective, one that reveals the many competing visions and practices that constitute space. More reflection on the purposes, limits, and politics of thinking geographically in research on the Middle East is required.

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Aini, Qurrotul Ainiyah. "CONTEMPORARY ISLAMIC JURISPRUDENCE THOUGH IN THE WORK OF KHALED ABOU EL FADL." Jurisprudensi: Jurnal Ilmu Syariah, Perundang-undangan, Ekonomi Islam 11, no. 1 (2019): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.32505/jurisprudensi.v11i1.985.

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With a qualitative approach, this research raises Khaled Abou El Fadl's thoughts on contemporary Islamic law discourse by analyzing one of his main works, namely Speaking in God's Name: Islamic Law, Authority, and Women. This paper will be focused on two important questions. First, how is the history of Khaled Abou El Fadl's life? Second, how is Khaled Abou El Fadl’s thought style in the tradition of contemporary jurisprudence? Based on those two questions, this research finally produces that; First, Abou El Fadl grew out of the dialectic of Islamic thought in the Middle East which has grown since the 1970s. His thought was actually a reaction to the rise of Salafi discourses, especially in Saudi Arabia and Egypt. The idea of Abou El Fadl is seen as a moderate wing representation in Salafi thought. Second, Atas Nama Tuhan, Khaled Aboul El Fadl's work is an experiment of his criticism of Salafism ideology which argues that Islamic reformism is also responsible for creating a creed closed, intolerant, and superficial in understanding the sacred texts of Islam should be taken seriously. His thought provides a discourse on Islamic law by combining classical Islamic thought with modern hermeneuticdiscourse.

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Sutton, Peter. "Alliteration in Modern and Middle English: “Piers Plowman”." Armenian Folia Anglistika 10, no. 1-2 (12) (2014): 54–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.46991/afa/2014.10.1-2.054.

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William Langland’s 8000-line fourteenth-century poem Piers Plowman uses an alliterative rhyme scheme inherited from Old English in which, instead of a rhyme at the end of a line, at least three out of the four stressed syllables in each line begin with the same sound, and this is combined with a caesura at the mid-point of the line. Examples show that Langland does not obey the rules exactly, but he is nevertheless thought to be at the forefront of a revival of alliterative verse. Further examples demonstrate that alliteration was never entirely replaced by end-rhyme and remains a feature of presentday vernacular English and poetry, even though the rhyme scheme is obsolete. It is deeply embedded in the structure and psyche of the English language.

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Bliquez, Lawrence J. "Western Medical Thought from Antiquity to the Middle Ages." Ancient Philosophy 20, no. 2 (2000): 532–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/ancientphil200020248.

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Covington, Michael A., and Vivien Law. "History of Linguistic Thought in the Early Middle Ages." Language 71, no. 3 (1995): 647. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/416257.

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Cavulli, Fabio, and Simona Scaruffi. "Thoughts on nomadism in Middle Holocene Oman." Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy 24, no. 1 (2013): 15–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/aae.12023.

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Stegagno, Carlotta. "Mīšīl ʿAflaq’s Thought between Nationalism and Socialism". Oriente Moderno 97, № 1 (2017): 154–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22138617-12340143.

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This article analyses and describes the political thought of Mīšīl ʿAflaq, the founder—together with Ṣalāḥ al-Dīn al-Bīṭār—and the main ideologue of the Arab Baʿṯ Socialist Party (Ḥizb al-Baʿṯ al-ʿarabī al-ištirākī).1 Mīšīl ʿAflaq was an atypical figure in his contemporary Middle Eastern society, who differ from the strongmen that typified his era such as Ǧamāl ʿAbd al-Nāṣer and Qaḏḏāfī. He was an intellectual, a philosopher, who, with his ideas of Panarabism and Arab socialism affected more than a generation of Arab youth. His dream of Arab Unity became a reality from 1958-1961 with the merger of Egypt and Syria into the United Arab Republic, and the Panarabist Party he created became one of the key players in Middle East from the 1940s onwards. This paper, after sketching a brief biography of Mīšīl ʿAflaq, focuses on his understanding of Nationalism and Arab Socialism, on which his ideology is grounded. By connecting these two ideas, he created a monist ideology in which the mission of Arab Unity is both the starting point and the final goal.

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Ghose, Bishwajit, Rui Huang, Josephine Etowa, and Shangfeng Tang. "Social Participation as a Predictor of Morbid Thoughts and Suicidal Ideation among the Elderly Population: A Cross-Sectional Study on Four Low-Middle-Income Countries." Psychiatry International 2, no. 2 (2021): 169–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/psychiatryint2020013.

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Social wellbeing constitutes a critical aspect of one’s health, quality of life, and overall psychosocial wellbeing. Social isolation and perceived loneliness are growing public health concerns as they are considered to be important risk factor for poor physical and mental health outcomes. Not much is known about how the level of one’s social participation is associated with morbid thought and suicidal ideation. In the present study, we aimed to investigate whether social participation shows any significant correlation with morbid thought and suicidal ideation among the elderly population. Methods: Cross-sectional data were collected from Wave 1 of the Study of Global AGEing and Adult Health (SAGE). The sample population consisted 2018 men and women aged 65 years and above from the following countries: China (n = 787), Ghana (n = 278), India (n = 560), and Russia (n = 396). Outcome variables of self-reported occurrence of morbid thoughts and suicide ideation during the past 12 months were reported. Results: A great majority of the participants reported not participating in activities such as public meetings (84.6%), club meeting (49.6%), neighborhood activities (46%), and religious activities (57.2%). Those who reported attending public meetings several times a year had a higher likelihood of reporting having morbid thoughts (predicted probability = 1.24, 95% CI = 1.02, 1.52). However, the association was no longer significant after stratifying by sex. Attending clubs (marginal effect = 0.61, 95% CI = 0.49, 0.76) and neighborhood activities (predicted probability = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.58, 0.88) several times a year showed protective effects against morbid thoughts. Being visited by friends several times a month (predicted probability = 0.52, 95% CI = 0.40, 0.67) and visiting friends (predicted probability = 0.61, 95% CI = 0.50, 0.75) several times a year also showed lower likelihood of morbid thoughts. Similar effects were observed for attending social gatherings with colleagues and social events as well. Conclusions: The present findings suggest that there exist significantly positive associations between participation in social activities and morbid thoughts and suicidal ideation among the elderly population in the sample countries. More in-depth studies are necessary to investigate the barriers to participation in social activities as well as the role of the quality of social relationships with experiencing suicidal thoughts.

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HAMILTON, SARAH. "The Virgin Mary in Cathar Thought." Journal of Ecclesiastical History 56, no. 1 (2005): 24–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022046904002118.

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The central Middle Ages in western Europe witnessed both a significant growth in the cult of the Virgin Mary and the rise of the dualist heretical movements known as the Cathars. Whilst the Cathars' dualism meant they denied any role for the Virgin Mary in the incarnation, nevertheless they often assigned her an important place in their beliefs. This article explores the considerable affinities which existed between contemporary orthodox doctrines and heretical teachings on Mary and, through a case study of the Disputatio inter catholicum et paterinum hereticum, examines the close relationship between anti-Cathar polemic, orthodox biblical exegesis and heretical belief.

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Mason, Andrew. "The Nous Doctrine in Plato’s Thought." Apeiron 46, no. 3 (2013): 201–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/apeiron-2012-0068.

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AbstractThe article argues that the doctrine that nous rules the world plays a decisive role in the development of Plato’s thought, despite the strong critique of Anaxagoras in the Phaedo and the absence of the doctrine in other middle dialogues such as the Republic. It addresses the Timaeus as a transformative rehabilitation of the nous doctrine, through the ‘world-soul,’ the demiurge, and the class of other gods. It then considers the ways this schema is modified in later dialogues (Statesman, Philebus, Laws) in light of the suppression of the problem of natural disaster in the Timaeus.

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Moss, Miriam S., Sidney Z. Moss, Robert Rubinstein, and Nancy Resch. "Impact of Elderly Mother's Death on Middle Age Daughters." International Journal of Aging and Human Development 37, no. 1 (1993): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/qna3-f9fy-utrv-l8ge.

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Daughters' responses to an elderly mother's death are found to be multidimensional. In the first six months of bereavement many daughters experience themes of both holding on and letting go. Measured were depression, grief, somatic reactions, as well as impact on the sense of self, degree of acceptance of the death, and ways in which the tie with the mother endures. Though many of these reactions are intercorrelated, they are differentially associated with characteristics of the daughter, mother, and the quality of their relationship. Relatively sudden deaths were associated with more intense grief, less acceptance, and more thoughts of reunion than deaths that occurred in a nursing home.

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عبد الكريم, م. د. جاسم محمد, and م. د. ناهدة محمد زبون. "Concept of moderation in the Islamic political thought." مجلة العلوم السياسية, no. 56 (December 1, 2018): 265–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.30907/jj.v0i56.137.

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Abstract : The concept of moderation is one of the important concepts that have been discussed in political thought in general and in Islamic political thought in particular. It concerns the status of moderation and balance and the need of Islamic societies to apply them in contemporary times. The Islamic societies faced challenges facing Islamic advancement. And the right, which is the middle between the excessive and the excessive -and the exaggeration and cost-, and between negligence and default, moderation and integritybetween both two sides are: excessive and negligent". In addition, the concept of moderation and its intellectual roots have been sought in the Holy Quran and the noble prophetic, and the search for its characteristics which are characterized by Islamic thought, namely: ideological, moral, middle and balanced, also faced challenges and obstacles that hindered its advancement and progress, most notably terrorism or politicized violence, sectarianism, intolerance and tyranny, ways and means to address these challenges to build a secure, stable and prosperous society in various fields.

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Henninger-Voss, Mary J. "Western Medical Thought from Antiquity to the Middle Ages (review)." Perspectives in Biology and Medicine 43, no. 4 (2000): 620–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/pbm.2000.0044.

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Nutton, Vivian. "Western Medical Thought from Antiquity to the Middle Ages (review)." Bulletin of the History of Medicine 74, no. 2 (2000): 351–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/bhm.2000.0090.

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Huijbens, Edward H. "Book Review: Topoi/Graphein: Mapping the Middle in Spatial Thought." cultural geographies 26, no. 4 (2019): 541–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1474474019832349.

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Beinin, Joel. "The New American McCarthyism: Policing Thought about the Middle East." Race & Class 46, no. 1 (2004): 101–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306396804045517.

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Berkey, Jonathan P. "THE PROMISE AND PITFALLS OF MEDIEVAL ISLAMIC SOCIAL HISTORY." International Journal of Middle East Studies 46, no. 2 (2014): 385–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020743814000191.

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When I was in graduate school, in the 1980s, one frequently heard complaints about the comparatively unsophisticated nature of the historiography of the medieval Middle East. There was considerable envy of historians in fields like early modern European history, who pushed broader disciplinary limits and whose works were read not just for content but also for historiographical and theoretical inspiration. There were some in our own corner of the profession blazing new methodological trails—Clifford Geertz, for example, who, though not a historian, had much to say to historians, and whose books were read eagerly by historians, and not just in Middle Eastern history; or Fedwa Malti-Douglas, as much at home in feminist literary theory as in medieval Arabic literature. But many graduate students in Middle Eastern history felt a bit underrepresented on the cutting edge of historical thought and practice.

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Menčik, David. "Perspectivism of the Renaissance Thought." Epistēmēs Metron Logos, no. 3 (January 11, 2020): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/eml.22101.

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The starting point of the essay is clarifying the difference between the mono-perspective and multi-perspective vision of reality. Off-course the terms perspective, mono-perspective and multi-perspective are not self-explanatory and the meanings of these terms need to be formally analysed. After making the formal difference between mono-perspective thinking and multi-perspective thinking a content difference needs to be made. Namely, why is the Renaissance vision of reality multi-perspective and the Middle-Age vision of reality mono-perspective? The answer to this question needs to be given by the analysis of the original works of the Renaissance thinkers. Our undertaking will not be limited in analysing only one discourse but following the subject from a methodological point of view in a multi-perspectivism way. Therefore, three different discourses will be analysed: The discourse of philosophical anthropology with Mirandola’s vision of man as a paradigmatic example-The discourse of philosophy of nature, with Bruno’s vision of the universe as a paradigmatic example-The discourse of art history in which four paintings will be analysed: these paintings can be considered of having philosophical, value because they provide a picturesque representation of what the Renaissance “world” was really like.

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Santos, Igor Moraes, and Raul Salvador Blasi Veyl. "The Secularization of Power in the Low Middle Ages: Marsilius of Padua Amongst Ancient and Medieval Authors." Fragmentos de Cultura 28, no. 1 (2018): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.18224/frag.v28i1.6159.

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Abstract: the paper intends to analyze the thought of Marsilius of Padua and its correlation to the Classic Antiquity’s authors, more specifically Aristoteles and Cicero, in the defense of a secular State. Bringing a characteristic colorful of the low-Middle Ages’ authors and also a different perspective compared to what had been written by the Middle Age’s philosophers, Marsilius, from the resumed of classic authors, is going to entice blunt theorizations about freedom and political power of his age, opening space to modern debates about State’s secularization. In this way, we aim to understand in which way the Antiquity thought influenced his thoughts and how Marsilius built his writings in a different perspective of that seen in the Middle Ages. In a dialogue between Antiquity and Middle Ages, we intent to explore the formation of Marislius’ thoughts and his contributions to a Lay State, neuralgic point to shaping the Modernity.A Secularização do Poder no Baixo Medievo: Marsílio de Pádua entre os Antigos e os MedievaisResumo: o presente trabalho pretende analisar o pensamento de Marsílio de Pádua e suas correlações com autores da Antiguidade Clássica, mais especificamente Aristóteles e Cícero, na defesa de um Estado secular. Trazendo um colorido característico dos autores do Baixo Medievo e um uma perspectiva diversa daquela até então percebida pelos filósofos da Idade Média, Marsílio vai, a partir da retomada de pensadores clássicos, ensejar contundentes teorizações a respeito da liberdade e do poder político de sua época, abrindo espaço para os debates modernos acerca da laicização do Estado. Nesse sentido, objetiva-se entender como se deu tal influxo da Antiguidade no seu pensamento e de que modo Marsílio edificou sua obra sob uma perspectiva distinta daqueles até então formulados pelos autores da Idade Média. Num diálogo entre Antiguidade e Medievo, buscamos explorar a formação do pensamento de Marsílio de Pádua e suas contribuições para a defesa de um estado Laico, ponto chave da formação da Modernidade.

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Giulea, Dragoş A. "The Noetic Turn in Jewish Thought." Journal for the Study of Judaism 42, no. 1 (2011): 23–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157006310x529218.

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AbstractThe noetic turn—perhaps the most important development in Jewish theological discourse after that from prophetic literature to apocalypticism—denotes the translation of the biblical and particularly apocalyptic ontological and epistemological categories, generally conceived according to the norms and categories of everyday knowledge, into noetic categories. God, his throne, light, angels and heavens are re-conceived from a noetic perspective. Noetic perception takes the place of direct vision, hearing and dreams in apprehending the heavenly mysteries of the apocalyptic literature. The noetic turn introduces new ontological layers and degrees in heaven, new doctrines regarding the levels of divine concealment and manifestation and new theories about human epistemic capacities. This turn exerts a momentous influence on philosophically educated authors of Jewish and Christian cultures, on such classics as Philo, Clement, Origen, Halevi, Maimonides and Gersonides and many other thinkers of Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages.

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Patriarca, Giovanni. "Introductory Reflections on Scholastic Economic Thought." Iberian Journal of the History of Economic Thought 8, no. 1 (2021): 81–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5209/ijhe.71277.

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This essay provides a general overview of the development of economic theories in Thirteenth and Fourteenth centuries in the light of the latest studies and offers new perspectives for future investigations. Scholasticism is a milestone in the history of Western philosophy as well as its contribution to scientific method and innovation. At the end of the Middle Ages, the ideal of shared norms and values clashes with the tensions of commercial transformation. In this historical framework – characterized not only by an unprecedented international trade and new financial institutions but also by a sort of proto-empiricism – the philosophical speculation tries to find a unitary “way of knowledge” between the legitimacy of individual interests and the primacy of general principles. This interdisciplinary effort is based on the innovative interpretation of theology, (natural) philosophy, Roman and Canon law such as local customary rules applied to the emergent economic issues.

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Gordon, David, and S. J. James Sadowsky. "Does Theism Need Middle Knowledge?" Religious Studies 25, no. 1 (1989): 75–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0034412500019739.

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David Basinger, in ‘Middle Knowledge and Classical Christian Thought’, has claimed that whether the concept of God's middle knowledgeis coherent ‘cannot be dismissed lightly or ignored by those interested in classical Christian thought. For what is at stake is the very coherence of Christian theism itself’ (p. 422).

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Schulte, Joachim. "The Pneumatic Conception of Thought." Grazer Philosophische Studien 71, no. 1 (2006): 39–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18756735-071001005.

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This paper is an attempt at presenting a convincing reading of the first sentences of PI § 109, especially of its third sentence. There Wittgenstein mentions what he calls "the pneumatic conception of thought", which by Miss Anscombe is translated as "the conception of thought as a gaseous medium". By comparing the relevant sentences with their sources in Wittgenstein's manuscripts and additional parallels it is found that Anscombe's rendering is liable to be misleading. Wittgenstein's notion of "pneuma" is likely to be inspired by a conception of the kind elucidated by Oswald Spengler, for instance, according to whose account is to be understood as a sort of body (). If you take this as your central image, the pneumatic conception alluded to in PI § 109 is one which can be tracked down in Wittgenstein's early as well as in his middle-period work. In this remark (PI § 109), Wittgenstein tries to mention both helpful and misleading features of his earlier ways of thinking, and what he now calls the "pneumatic conception" can be seen to be the foil for both sorts of features. The central idea is that the core of language contains a scaffolding of rules whose ("pneumatic") substance is the same as that of our thought. In accordance with this view the logical structure of thought is held to be identical with that of language and reality—a notion which fits parts of the as well as parts of the original "grammatical" conception developed in the early 1930ies.

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Flowers, Patricia J., and Alice Ann M. O'Neill. "Self-Reported Distractions of Middle School Students in Listening to Music and Prose." Journal of Research in Music Education 53, no. 4 (2005): 308–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002242940505300403.

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One hundred eighteen middle school students from three different settings listened individually to a music excerpt and a prose excerpt that were each 3.5 minutes long. As they listened, they clicked a computer touchpad whenever they were distracted either by thoughts or external events, then refocused on the holistic listening task. After listening to each selection, they rated it on enjoyment and familiarity. Students self-reported significantly more distractions during the music (1.60 per minute) than the prose excerpt (1.11 per minute), but they rated the music significantly higher on enjoyment. Fewer distractions were reported at the beginning and ending of the excerpts, and there was a significant relationship between number of distractions across the two different types of listening. It was thought that the computerized tracking of distractions functioned to maintain attentiveness in this sustained listening task.

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Levy, Ellen K., and David E. Levy. "Monkey in the Middle: Pre-Darwinian Evolutionary Thought and Artistic Creation." Perspectives in Biology and Medicine 30, no. 1 (1986): 95–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/pbm.1986.0092.

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Herren, Michael W. "Vivien Law, History of linguistic thought in the earlier middle ages." Peritia 9 (January 1995): 409–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/j.peri.3.261.

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Anderson, Robert A. "Book Review: Middle Judaism, Jewish Thought, 300 B.C.E. to 200 C.E." Pacifica: Australasian Theological Studies 5, no. 3 (1992): 326–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1030570x9200500308.

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Garland, David E. "Book Review: Middle Judaism: Jewish Thought 300 B.C.E. to 200 C.E." Review & Expositor 90, no. 3 (1993): 431–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/003463739309000317.

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Nippold, Marilyn A. "Language Intervention at the Middle School: Complex Talk Reflects Complex Thought." Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools 45, no. 2 (2014): 153–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2014_lshss-14-0027.

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Purpose In this article, the author discusses 2 points raised by Kamhi (2014) in his lead article to this clinical forum: (a) the need for speech-language pathologists to consider typical language development as they plan intervention and (b) the importance of addressing complex syntax. Method A hypothetical scenario of a 7th grade English class assignment is presented, and aspects of the assignment that would be quite challenging to middle school adolescents with language impairments are highlighted. The author then describes strategies that a speech-language pathologist could use to enhance students' success with the assignment. This approach emphasizes the importance of collaborating with the classroom teacher and reading specialist, having knowledge of the Common Core State Standards and the language demands of the classroom, and understanding later language development and the reasons why speakers and writers use complex syntax. Conclusion When language intervention incorporates these points, adolescents with language impairments can acquire skills that will help them make meaningful progress in the classroom.

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Chomsky, Noam. "Thought control in the USA: the case of the Middle East." Index on Censorship 15, no. 7 (1986): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03064228608534123.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Midday Thought'

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