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Wallace, Patricia. "Distance Learning for Gifted Students: Outcomes for Elementary, Middle, and High School Aged Students." Journal for the Education of the Gifted 32, no. 3 (2009): 295–320. http://dx.doi.org/10.4219/jeg-2009-855.
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Bazzano, C., G. Cilia, M. Bellucci, M. Riva, and G. Annino. "PASSING RATE OR ROMAN MIDDLE-SCHOOL AGED STUDENTS ON BODY COMPOSITION89." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 29, Supplement (1997): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005768-199705001-00089.
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Škėmienė, Lina, Rūta Ustinavičienė, Ričardas Radišauskas, Jolita Kirvaitienė, Robertas Lažauskas, and Sandra Sabonaitytė. "Nutritional habits of middle-aged schoolchildren from Kaunas town and Raseiniai district." Medicina 45, no. 4 (2009): 302. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina45040039.
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Objective. To evaluate nutritional habits of middle-aged schoolchildren living in a town and district of Lithuania. Material and methods. The 8th–9th-grade schoolchildren were questioned by an anonymous questionnaire. A total of 329 students, 169 from Kaunas and 160 from Raseiniai district, participated in the study. Results. Only half of students reported that they had breakfast (61.3% of schoolboys and 47.6% of schoolgirls). More students from the district had dinner in the school canteen as compared to Kaunas students. Only 14.0% of schoolchildren followed nutrition regimen (14.8% of students from Kaunas and 13.1% of students from Raseiniai always had their meal at the same time). Every second schoolboy and schoolgirl consumed vegetables and fruits every day. Whole grain bread was consumed every day similarly frequently by students from Kaunas and Raseiniai, 25.4% and 18.8%, respectively; the students from Kaunas consumed skim milk more frequently, 26.0% and 11.9%, respectively (P<0.05). Confectionery was consumed more frequently by schoolchildren from Kaunas as compared to schoolchildren from Raseiniai district (63.9% vs. 55.0%); however, it was consumed more frequently by boys than girls. Less than one-fourth of Kaunas students (20.7%) consumed potato chips every day, whereas the percentage of the students from Raseiniai district was only 10.0% (P<0.05). Pizzas, kebabs, and hamburgers were consumed more frequently by schoolboys than schoolgirls. Knowledge of healthy nutrition was obtained mainly from media by 48.6% of students; every eighth student got this information from parents, every tenth from physicians, and 7.0% from teachers. Conclusions. Middle-aged students from both Kaunas town and Raseiniai district did not follow nutrition regimen; half of them did not have their breakfast before going to school. Fruits and vegetables as recommended foods were consumed by half of the participants; every fourth student consumed skim milk, and every fifth student consumed whole grain bread. The students more frequently consumed such foods as confectionery and smoked meat, which are not recommended (every second student); every fourth had an intake of carbonized drinks (the students from Kaunas more frequently) and potato chips (the students from Kaunas more frequently), and every tenth consumed pizzas and fried potatoes. More than half of students obtained knowledge of healthy nutrition from media, and every tenth – from the physicians.
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Abdel-Khalek, Ahmed M., and Yagoub Al-Kandari. "Death Anxiety in Kuwaiti Middle-Aged Personnel." OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying 55, no. 4 (2007): 297–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/om.55.4.d.
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The present study aimed to examine the level of death anxiety, the sex-related differences among a middle-aged Kuwaiti personnel sample, and to explore the replicability of the Arabic Scale of Death Anxiety (ASDA) factors. A sample of 236 volunteer Kuwaiti personnel took part in the study. The mean ages of men and women were 41.5 ( SD = 7.5) and 40.9 ( SD = 7.1), respectively. The alpha reliability of the ASDA was found to be high (.93). Women had a significantly higher mean total score on the ASDA as well as on 17 out of its 20 items. Middle-aged personnel had a significantly lower mean ASDA total score than younger college students ( M age = 22). The factor analysis of the ASDA items yielded three factors: fear of dead people and tombs; fear of postmortem events; and fear of lethal disease. These factors were highly replicable with previous factors extracted from a Kuwaiti college student sample. On the basis of the present findings, there are three general conclusions as follows: death anxiety is negatively associated with age; the sex-related differences on death anxiety are salient in the Arab samples; and the ASDA has a highly replicable factor structure.
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Zierold, K. M. "Summer work and injury among middle school students, aged 10-14 years." Occupational and Environmental Medicine 61, no. 6 (2004): 518–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oem.2003.010546.
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Zhang, Xiyan, Jie Yang, Yan Wang, et al. "Epidemiological characteristics of elevated blood pressure among middle and high school students aged 12–17 years: a cross-sectional study in Jiangsu Province, China, 2017–2018." BMJ Open 9, no. 8 (2019): e027215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-027215.
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ObjectiveIn this study, we aimed to present the epidemiological characteristics of elevated blood pressure among middle and high school students aged 12–17 years in Jiangsu Province.SettingHypertension, which is considered a rare disease in children, is an important early precursor to long-term cardiovascular damage, and elevated blood pressure in childhood is a strong predictor of hypertension in adulthood.ParticipantsPhysical examination and questionnaire investigation among children aged 12–17 years in Jiangsu Province were conducted from 2017 to 2018.Main outcome measuresPhysical measurements included height, weight, blood pressure and history of menarche/first spermatorrhoea. Questionnaire investigation included family type, delivery mode, lifestyle habits and psychological test.ResultsIn our study we investigated 17 791 middle and high school students, consisting of 8701 female students and 9090 male students. The prevalence of screening elevated blood pressure among students aged 12–17 years was 20.0% (95% CI 19.2% to 20.9%) for female students and 22.3% (95% CI 21.5% to 23.2%) for male students. The prevalence of screening elevated blood pressure for urban male middle and high school students was higher than that of elevated blood pressure for rural male middle and high school students. However, similar phenomenon cannot be observed among female students. For both male and female students, body mass index (BMI), obesity/overweight and menarche/first spermatorrhoea can be a risk factor contributing to elevated blood pressure, and sleep time and regional distribution might be important factors that need to be investigated in depth.ConclusionWe found a relatively high prevalence of screening elevated blood pressure among students aged 12–17 years for both female and male students in Jiangsu Province. The risk factors can be BMI, obesity/overweight and menarche/first spermatorrhoea.
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Ioannidi, V. A. "PROFESSIONAL SELF-DEVELOPMENT OF MIDDLE-AGED ADULT LEARNERS: OPPORTUNITIES FOR PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL SUPPORT." Vestnik Orenburgskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta 229 (2021): 31–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.25198/1814-6457-229-31.
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The attitude to age in Russia and abroad is rapidly changing. Now middle-aged adults are fairly recognized as capable of continuing their educational and professional activities, active self-development, long-term economic activity and financial independence. Middle-aged adults remain involved in social life in the family and society, and are ready to develop professionally and personally throughout their lives. The process of supporting professional self-development in the educational environment should be holistic and systemically organized, in which psychological and pedagogical conditions are created for successful professional training and personal self-development. In the course of the theoretical study clarified the meaning of “professional self-development of students middle-age adults”; the highlighted stages of psychological and pedagogical support of professional self-development for adults; evaluation of the level of readiness of students of middle-age adults and their actual involvement in the process of professional self-development; updated pedagogical and psychological conditions of psychological and pedagogical support of students middle-age adults; the effectiveness of the activities of the participants of the developed support program and the effectiveness of the program as a whole are analyzed. Professional self-development of middle-aged adult students is possible through the implementation of a program of psychological and pedagogical support. For an effective process of supporting professional self-development, it is necessary to create an appropriate educational environment and conditions for the formation of students involvement and readiness in this process.
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Nesic, Milkica, Svetlana Cicevic, Milan Ciric, and Vladimir Nesic. "Middle phalangeal hair distribution in Serbian high school students." Archives of Biological Sciences 62, no. 3 (2010): 841–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/abs1003841n.
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The aim of this paper was to explore hairiness of the middle phalanges on both hands of Serbian high school students. The total sample comprised 425 pupils in the town of Nis of Serbian nationality, aged 15-19 years. Hairiness on the middle phalanges of second, third, fourth and fifth fingers was detected by inspection with a magnifying glass. The results showed that hairiness was more frequent on the fifth finger of boys. The investigation of the hairiness on the middle phalanges of both hands in the region of Nis may be, in comparison with anthropological investigations of other regions, important in the investigation of the genetic cause of the hairiness on the middle phalanges. .
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Kim, Hanna. "Inquiry-Based Science and Technology Enrichment Program for Middle School-Aged Female Students." Journal of Science Education and Technology 25, no. 2 (2015): 174–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10956-015-9584-2.
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Pennington, Colin G., Matthew D. Curtner-Smith, and Stefanie A. Wind. "Impact of a Physical Education Teacher’s Age on Elementary School Students’ Perceptions of Effectiveness and Learning." Journal of Teaching in Physical Education 38, no. 4 (2019): 279–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.2018-0260.
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Purpose: To examine the impact of a physical education teacher’s age on students’ learning and perceptions of the teacher. Method: A total of 188 elementary students were randomly assigned to view one of two virtually identical filmed swimming lessons. In the young-appearance lesson, the teacher was youthful. In the middle-aged lesson, he had been aged by a theatrical make-up artist. Following the viewing of their assigned lesson, students completed an examination covering lesson content and a questionnaire about their perceptions of the teacher. Results: Inferential statistical tests indicated that students who watched the young-appearance lesson scored significantly higher on the examination and perceived the teacher to be significantly more likable, more competent, and a better role model than those who viewed the middle-aged lesson. Discussion: These findings could be interpreted as supporting either a sociological or psychological/developmental explanation for how and why students respond to and learn from older and younger physical educators.
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Street, Erica J., and Kathryn H. Jacobsen. "Injury incidence among middle school students aged 13–15 years in 47 low-income and middle-income countries." Injury Prevention 22, no. 6 (2015): 432–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/injuryprev-2015-041786.
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Kim, Gyesoon, and Myeongchan Kim. "An Autoethnography on the Middle-Aged Female Students’ Desire for Growth and Self-Realization." Korean Association for Qualitative Inquiry 5, no. 1 (2019): 109–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.30940/jqi.2019.5.1.109.
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Liangqiu, Lyu, and Xu Zhengqiu. "A Case Study on L2 Learning Strategies of Middle-Aged Learners." English Language Teaching 12, no. 3 (2019): 214. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/elt.v12n3p214.
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There are many researches about learning strategies of adolescent students and adult learners, but few on learning strategies of middle-aged learners. Through a case study, the paper finds out that middle-aged learners use six classes of learning strategies in a high frequency, especially cognitive strategies, meta-cognitive strategies and social strategies. But compensation strategies, memory strategies and affective strategies were used at a lower frequency. The factors of age and life experience as well as cultural background are of great significance for the choice of using certain learning strategies. The results of the study also show that SILL is of high reliability for the study on learning strategies of Chinese second language learners.
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Sachin Aditya B, Karthik Ganesh Mohanraj, and Vishnu Priya V. "Knowledge, prevalence and risk factors of rheumatoid arthritis among middle-aged and old aged population." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, SPL3 (2020): 522–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11ispl3.2976.
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Rheumatoid Arthritis is a chronic disorder and affects the lining of joints and functioning of various other vital organs like the heart, kidneys and lungs. It is an autoimmune disorder where the body's immune system attacks its tissues. Most patients experience a chronic fluctuating course of a disease that, despite therapy, may result in progressive joint destruction, deformity, disability, and even premature death. Joints most commonly affected are those with the highest ratio of synovium to articular cartilage. It is more common in women than in men. Its symptoms include tender and warm joints which may lead to joint deformities in extreme cases. This study involved 100 participants of age ranging from 16-55 years. A well-structured questionnaire based on personal, socioeconomic information along with symptoms and treatment of RA was prepared and circulated online through Google forms among the participants. The results showed that most of the participants were aware of the common symptoms of RA and their risk factors and more than 60% of participants were students, over 90% of respondents said it is genetic. Smoking can increase the chance of attaining it. Disability from RA causes major economic loss and can have a profound impact on families. However, it can be managed treated and even remitted in some cases if proper habits like exercise are followed. It should be diagnosed as early as possible for better chances of remission.
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Sas, Ioana Tuta, Ancuta Banu, Nicoleta Nicolae, et al. "Particularities of the Level of Physical Activity Performed by Adolescents." Revista de Chimie 69, no. 3 (2018): 717–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.18.3.6183.
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The research aims to investigate the particularities of the regime of physical activity in adolescents from Timisoara, Romania. The work sample included 243 students: 37.9% in middle school and 62.1% in high school; 56.4% girls and 43.6% boys; aged 11 to 18. The work method was cross-sectional population study of the case study type. The results indicate practicing physical activities in order to lose weight or not gain weight in over half of respondents: 57.3% of middle school students and 57.9% of high school students, more often girls. The boys in the age group 15 to 18 practice more often both moderate and intense physical activities than girls, and the number of days per week in which students participate in sports classes is more reduced in high school compared to middle school.
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Didaskalou, Eleni, Grace Skrzypiec, Eleni Andreou, and Phillip Slee. "Taking Action Against Victimisation: Australian Middle School Students’ Experiences." Journal of Psychologists and Counsellors in Schools 27, no. 1 (2016): 105–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jgc.2016.3.
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Victimisation among students has been identified as a serious problem in Australian schools. This study investigated approaches taken by South Australian middle school students for dealing with victimisation. Over 170 students (aged 11–16) described how they coped with bullying and situations where they needed to take action against bullying. A content analysis of their responses found that students used coping strategies, including: (a) seeking social support, (b) standing up for peers/friends, (c) externalising, (d) nonchalance, (e) sticking up for oneself, (f) problem-solving, (g) submission, (h) reducing tense emotions/assertiveness, and (i) escape. One of the significant findings was that students did not identify school counsellors as a source of coping support, which has implications for their role in addressing incidents of victimisation.
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Doumas, Diana M., and Aida Midgett. "Witnessing Cyberbullying and Internalizing Symptoms among Middle School Students." European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education 10, no. 4 (2020): 957–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe10040068.
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Cyberbullying is a significant problem among school-aged youth. Cyberbullying peaks in middle school with 33% of middle school students reporting cyberbullying victimization and more than 50% reporting witnessing cyberbullying as bystanders. Although the association between cyberbullying victimization and internalizing symptoms is well documented, there is limited research examining the impact of witnessing cyberbullying on bystanders. To assess differences in internalizing symptoms between cyberbullying bystanders and non-bystanders, a school-based cross-sectional study was conducted among middle school students (6th–8th grade) in the United States (N = 130; 57.4% female; 42.6% male). Questionnaire data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of co-variance (MANCOVA) with three outcome variables (depression, anxiety, somatic symptoms) and the between-subject factor bystander status (bystander, non-bystander). We controlled for witnessing school bullying to examine the unique effect of witnessing cyberbullying on internalizing symptoms. Results of the MANCOVA indicated a significant effect for cyberbullying bystander status (p < 0.04). Post hoc analyses demonstrated that bystanders reported significantly higher levels of depression (p < 0.05), anxiety (p < 0.02), and somatic symptoms (p < 0.01) than non-bystanders. Findings suggest that programs to support students who witness cyberbullying are needed to reduce the mental health risks associated with being a cyberbullying bystander.
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Prescott, Melissa Pflugh, Xanna Burg, Jesscia Jarick Metcalfe, and Brenna Ellison. "Elementary and Middle School-Aged Students with Longer Seated Lunch Time Eat More Fruits and Vegetables." Current Developments in Nutrition 4, Supplement_2 (2020): 264. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzaa043_115.
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Abstract Objectives Health advocates recommend 20 minutes of seated lunch time. Yet, no federal policy ensures adequate time for school lunch across the US. The objective of this study is to assess the impact of meeting the 20-minute seated lunch time recommendation on child food consumption and waste. Methods Using a crossover design, seated lunch time was randomly assigned each day to be either 10 or 20 minutes. Menus conformed to the National School Lunch Program nutrition standards and were matched to short and long lunch days to control for menu. Elementary and middle school-aged students attending a university summer camp participated in the study. Children could enroll in 1 to 4 weeks of the camp and had varying lengths of participation in the study. Researchers weighed individual child meals to assess consumption and waste. Mixed models assessed the differences in food consumption and waste between students with greater or less than 20 minutes of seated lunch time, accounting for repeated measures and menus. Results A total of 38 students participated (mean: 10.9 years old, 60.5% female) and attended 6.3 study days on average. Students with less than 20 minutes of seated lunch time consumed on average 8.4% less (P = 0.010) of their selected fruit and 11.5% (P = 0.006) less of their selected vegetable compared to students with at least 20 minutes. For each additional minute of seated lunch time, student consumption of fruit increased on average 0.9% (P = 0.003) while vegetable consumption increased on average 1.3% (P = 0.001). Student consumption of entree items and milk did not significantly differ across short and long lunches. Conclusions These findings suggest that shorter lunch periods differentially impact rates of child fruit and vegetable consumption, as compared to entree and beverage consumption. These results also support policies requiring 20 minutes of seated lunch time to improve child diet quality and reduce food waste. Funding Sources This research was funded from a United States Department of Agriculture HATCH award.
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Bonner, Desmond, and Michael Dorneich. "Developing Game-Based Learning Requirements to Increase Female Middle School Students Interest in Computer Science." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 60, no. 1 (2016): 380–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1541931213601086.
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This paper presents work on the development of a Game-Based Learning (GBL) application’s requirements for female middle school students which teaches fundamental concepts of programming. Currently, there are not enough students who desire to pursue Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematic (STEM) career fields. Additionally, female are underrepresented in STEM fields, and increased female participation may help partially address this gap. GBL was used to encourage middle school student interest in STEM by allowing them to practice computer science concepts in engaging contexts outside the classroom. The game Sorceress of Seasons was built to teach fundamental programming concepts, and was based on six requirements specifically targeted at female middle school students. The game was tested with 15 middle school-aged students. Playing the game had a positive effect on students’ attitudes towards programming, with female students reporting a larger increase in computer science interest than males when compared with their previous attitudes. The results suggest that the game may be successful in increasing interest in STEM in these students. The requirements developed to guide the design of the game played a role in the game’s effectiveness, and may be useful when developing an educational tool targeting female STEM interest.
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Ferraro, F. Richard. "An Exercise for Increasing Students' Understanding of Life-Span Developmental Psychology." Psychological Reports 76, no. 3_suppl (1995): 1209–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1995.76.3c.1209.
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During the first week of a class in developmental psychology, students listed 5 to 7 characteristics they believed represent life-span developmental characteristics for the categories of infants, young children, adolescents, middle-aged adults, and older adults. Students retained their lists which were referred to during discussion throughout the course. Students reported this activity increased their understanding of topics central to life-span developmental psychology.
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Alsubaie, Abdullah Mohammed. "The Effectiveness of multiple intelligence based differentiated instruction on metacognitive reading comprehension in Arabic language among middle school students in Saudi Arabia." Revista Amazonia Investiga 9, no. 26 (2020): 158–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.34069/ai/2020.26.02.17.
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Identifying an effective instructional strategy, such as this of multiple intelligence based differentiated instruction to teach metacognitive reading comprehension is a goal for educators. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of multiple intelligence based differentiated instruction on metacognitive reading comprehension in Arabic language among middle school students in Saudi Arabia. The sample consisted of 61 third year- middle school students , from Ibn Sina Middle school for boys , in Al-Kharj Governorate , Saudi Arabia. They were from two classrooms. They aged 14-15 years old ( M= 14.9 years , SD= 0.621) . For the purpose of this study and for analyzing the data from the pre- and post-test, the author used two way ANOVA analysis and t-test. Two way. ANOVA analysis and t-test results indicated the effectiveness of multiple intelligence based differentiated instruction on metacognitive reading comprehension in Arabic language among middle school students in Saudi Arabia.
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Goto, Miyoko, Michiko Suzuki, Reiko Sato, and Michiyo Kanno. "Body Image and Strategies of Female College Students and Middle Aged Women to Reduce Their Weight." Journal for the Integrated Study of Dietary Habits 12, no. 4 (2002): 323–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2740/jisdh.12.323.
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Zhang, Bingzheng, Ting Yu, Qiuxing Chen, et al. "Early menarche and its relationship to paternal migrant work among middle-school-aged students in China." Journal of Biosocial Science 52, no. 1 (2019): 108–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932019000300.
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AbstractAssociations have been shown between father’s absence and menarcheal age, but most studies have focused on absence resulting from divorce, abandonment or death. Little research has been conducted to evaluate the effect on menarcheal age of paternal absence through migrant work. In a sample of 400 middle school students, this study examined the association between paternal migrant work and menarcheal age against a backdrop of extensive rural-to-urban migration in China. Data were collected through a self-reported questionnaire, including social-demographic characteristics, aspects of family relationships, information about father’s migrant work and age at menarche. After adjusting for BMI, parent marital status and perceived relationship with mother, lower self-perceived quality of father–daughter relationship (both ‘father present, relationship poor’ and ‘father absent, relationship poor’) and lower frequency of contact with the father were associated with higher odds for early menarche. These findings suggest that the assumption that father’s absence for work influences the timing of menarche needs to be examined in the context of the quality of the father–daughter relationship and paternal care, which appear to play a critical role in the timing of menarche. These findings also emphasize the importance of enhancing paternal involvement and improving father–daughter relationships in the development of appropriate reproductive strategy in daughters.
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Lee, Kyung-Sook, Yee-Jin Shin, Suk-Jin Jung, Mi-Hyen Park, and Rin Kim. "Understanding Psychological Variables of Low Birth Rates in Korean University Students and Middle-aged Married Women." Korean Journal for Infant Mental Health 2, no. 1 (2009): 45–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.47801/kjimh.02.1.4.
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James, Joan K., and Theresa Williams. "School-Based Experiential Outdoor Education." Journal of Experiential Education 40, no. 1 (2017): 58–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1053825916676190.
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In this research study, we hear the voices of middle school students, preservice teachers, and practicing middle school teachers in support of school-based experiential outdoor education. The benefits of engaging youth in memorably relevant learning, immersing them in physically active, field-based education, and providing them with authentic, contextualized opportunities to extend classroom-based learning are examined. This research addresses the question, “Is experiential outdoor education for middle school–aged students a valuable use of school time?” The answer is a resounding “YES!” School-based experiential outdoor education, although often neglected as a part of the curriculum in our current era of high-stakes test-based accountability, is definitely a necessity.
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Cummins, Phyllis. "WORKFORCE TRAINING FOR MIDDLE-AGED AND OLDER ADULTS: THE ROLE OF COMMUNITY COLLEGES." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (2019): S241. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.902.
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Abstract In recent years, occupational changes have become increasingly common for mid-and later-life (MLL) workers. The aging population in the U.S. has resulted in increased opportunities in health-related related occupations and many MLLs seeking to re-career choose these professions. Because of their convenient locations and open access policies, community colleges are an ideal educational setting for MLLs to seek training. This presentation will discuss the results of a research project funded by the U.S. Department of Education that included focus groups and key informant interviews at community colleges in Ohio. More specifically, we will discuss reasons MLL students enroll at a community college, their process for choosing a program of study, services that are important to successful completion, and barriers they face. Finally, we will discuss policies and practices that can improve MLL student outcomes.
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Walker, William J. "Development of Creative Talent: Portrait of an Artist as a Middle-Aged Man." Psychological Reports 66, no. 2 (1990): 483–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1990.66.2.483.
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This article examined environmental factors contributing to the development of artistic talent. The subject is a 56-yr.-old internationally acclaimed ceramic artist. Interviews with the artist, his family, students, colleagues, and acquaintances provided the main source of data; records, tapes of lectures, photographs, and actual artistic products yielded additional information. The subject was the product of a warm, stable, achievement-oriented home atmosphere where little attention was paid to the arts. His early association with a culturally enriched family, his urban environment, his propitious university experience, and his personal ambition—all contributed to the full realization of his abilities. Gifted in the areas of music, sports, and drawing, he experienced a crystallizing experience at the age of 17 which set the course of further creative productivity. The findings are consistent with prior views expressed by Ammons and Ammons in 1962, by Bloom in 1985 and by Walker in 1986.
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Inawati, Iin, Didi Suherdi, and Pupung Purnawarman. "STUDENTS' NEEDS IN ENGLISH TEACHING MATERIALS FOR KINDERGARTEN STUDENTS." Research and Innovation in Language Learning 3, no. 3 (2020): 173. http://dx.doi.org/10.33603/rill.v3i3.3665.
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The aim of this study was to investigate the students actual foreign language needs (Masuhara, 1998: 239-260) , namely : first, personal needs which focus on their personal information and second, learning needs covers five points, to be exact: learning attitude, learning preferences regarding activities, teaching media and topics in the EFL classroom, the gap between the target level and the present level of proficiency. A descriptive survey research design was used in this study. A set of smiley questionnaire were collected from for 113 kindergarteners from six kindergartens in Pringsewu District, Lampung Province, Indonesia. Furthermore, interviews with six homeroom teachers and six principals were conducted to get deeper data. The results show that the students are members of various tribe, included in the low to middle socioe-conomic class, the number of students surveyed is more female than male (62 female and 51 male) aged 6-7 years old. They have positive attitude toward EFL class, and they prefered learning English using games to other activities . Animals, numbers and foods were the students favorite topics. Furthermore, from four kinds of oral competencies they were able to naming objects.Â
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Gong, Wanqi, Qin Guo, and Crystal L. Jiang. "Conversation Breeds Compliance: The Role of Intergenerational Communication in Promoting Preventive Behaviors against COVID-19 among Middle-Aged Parents in China." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 19 (2021): 10198. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph181910198.
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This study aims to explore and compare the influences of two crucial information channels used by middle-aged parents—media and their adult children—on their health knowledge, emotions and preventive behaviors against COVID-19, based on media exposure and the family communication patterns (FCP) theory. Parents of college students in Guangzhou, China were invited to participate in an online survey between February 10 and 24, 2020. A total of 193 respondents, aged between 40 and 65 years, completed the study questionnaire. Media exposure was a positive predictor of negative emotions, intergenerational discussions, and preventive behaviors among Chinese middle-aged parents. Conversation orientation was a positive predictor of scientific discussions and preventive behaviors, whereas conformity orientation was a negative predictor of knowledge, but a positive predictor of intergenerational discussions and negative emotions. Intergenerational discussions mediated the relationships between media exposure and preventive behaviors, as well as between FCP and preventive behaviors. Health communication efforts require the help of adult children as intergenerational communication serves as an important amplifier in terms of influencing the health knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of middle-aged and elderly populations.
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Tudor, Virgil, Florin Pelin, Gabriel Iulian Ghitescu, et al. "Somato-Functional Profile of Children at Risk of Educational and Social Exclusion in Western Romania." BRAIN. BROAD RESEARCH IN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND NEUROSCIENCE 11, no. 4Sup1 (2020): 200–222. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/brain/11.4sup1/165.
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This paper aims to identify the somatic and functional profile of middle-school students from three areas of Romania (South-West, West and North-West). A group of 364 students (173 girls and 191 boys) aged between 10 and 16 years (12.75 ± 1.2) from 6 different schools in Mehedinti, Caras-Severin and Bistrita-Nasaud counties took part in this study. The target group category includes Roma ethnic students, students from disorganised families and students at high risk of early school dropout, from both urban and rural areas. The calculated statistical indicators were: arithmetic mean, standard deviation, coefficient of variation and Pearson coefficient. The anthropometric measurements made to identify the somatic and functional profile of students were height, weight, BMI, arm span and Ruffier test. The results show an upward trend in the height of boys aged between 10 (1.44 m) and 16 years (1.67 m), the maximum value recorded for girls aged 14 years being 1.59 m. The highest value of body weight was identified in boys aged 15 years (58.91 kg) and girls aged 14 years (52.63 kg). The highest value for arm span was found for 15-years-old boys (167 cm) and 14-years-old girls (158.83 cm). BMI values for both boys and girls were between 17.22 and 21.52 points. In Ruffier test, the scores obtained by students ranged between 9.95 and 13.4. This research is part of the “Sustainable social and education integration through sport activities” project (PNP001).
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Tudor, Virgil, Florin Pelin, Gabriel Iulian Ghitescu, et al. "Somato-Functional Profile of Children at Risk of Educational and Social Exclusion in Western Romania." BRAIN. BROAD RESEARCH IN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND NEUROSCIENCE 11, no. 4Sup1 (2020): 200–222. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/brain/11.4sup1/165.
Full textAbstract:
This paper aims to identify the somatic and functional profile of middle-school students from three areas of Romania (South-West, West and North-West). A group of 364 students (173 girls and 191 boys) aged between 10 and 16 years (12.75 ± 1.2) from 6 different schools in Mehedinti, Caras-Severin and Bistrita-Nasaud counties took part in this study. The target group category includes Roma ethnic students, students from disorganised families and students at high risk of early school dropout, from both urban and rural areas. The calculated statistical indicators were: arithmetic mean, standard deviation, coefficient of variation and Pearson coefficient. The anthropometric measurements made to identify the somatic and functional profile of students were height, weight, BMI, arm span and Ruffier test. The results show an upward trend in the height of boys aged between 10 (1.44 m) and 16 years (1.67 m), the maximum value recorded for girls aged 14 years being 1.59 m. The highest value of body weight was identified in boys aged 15 years (58.91 kg) and girls aged 14 years (52.63 kg). The highest value for arm span was found for 15-years-old boys (167 cm) and 14-years-old girls (158.83 cm). BMI values for both boys and girls were between 17.22 and 21.52 points. In Ruffier test, the scores obtained by students ranged between 9.95 and 13.4. This research is part of the “Sustainable social and education integration through sport activities” project (PNP001).
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Sun, Xiaojun, Liangshuang Yao, Gengfeng Niu, and Shanyan Lin. "The Moderating Role of Deviant Peer Affiliation in the Relation between Cyber-Victimization, Tobacco and Alcohol Use, and Age Differences." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 16 (2021): 8294. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18168294.
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Cyber-victimization, tobacco and alcohol use are all prominent public health problems among adolescents throughout the world. Against this background, this study examined the association between cyber-victimization and tobacco and alcohol use, as well as the moderating role of deviant peer affiliation and the potential age differences among elementary, middle, and high school students. A survey conducted among 1488 school students (aged 9–19 years, consisting of 702 elementary school students, 318 middle school students, and 468 high school students) found that cyber-victimization was positively correlated with tobacco and alcohol use among students of all stages. However, the moderating mechanism was different. Among elementary school students, deviant peer affiliation played a positive moderating role. For individuals with high deviant peer affiliation, this association was stronger. Among middle school students, the moderating role of deviant peer affiliation was insignificant. Among high school students, deviant peer affiliation played a negative moderating role; this association was significant for individuals with low deviant peer affiliation. The results of this study clarify the relationship between cyber-victimization and tobacco and alcohol use by examining the moderating role of deviant peer affiliation and age differences, providing intervention guidance for reducing the negative influences of cyber-victimization on children and adolescents with respect their use of tobacco and alcohol.
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Vormittag, Isabella, Tuulia M. Ortner, and Tobias Koch. "How Test Takers See Test Examiners." European Journal of Psychological Assessment 31, no. 4 (2015): 254–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759/a000232.
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Abstract. We addressed potential test takers’ preferences for women or men as examiners as well as how examiners were perceived depending on their gender. We employed an online design with 375 students who provided preferences for and ratings of examiners based on short video clips. The clips showed four out of 15 psychologists who differed in age (young vs. middle-aged) and gender giving an introduction to a fictional intelligence test session. Employing multivariate multilevel analyses we found female examiners to be perceived as more social competent and middle-aged examiners being perceived as more competent. Data analyses revealed a significant preference for choosing women as examiners. Results were discussed with reference to test performance and fairness.
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Mills, Brett D. "Effects of Music on Assertive Behavior during Exercise by Middle-School-Age Students." Perceptual and Motor Skills 83, no. 2 (1996): 423–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1996.83.2.423.
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The purpose of this study was to assess the association of a particular style of music and assertive behavior in middle-school-aged students during exercise. Participants were students enrolled in a public middle school (Grades 6, 7, and 8, N = 502). A statistically significant relationship was found between the number of assertive behaviors occurring while listening to fast tempo music and grades and between difference scores and grades. Difference scores were obtained by subtracting the number of assertive behaviors occurring while listening to fast tempo music from those while listening to slow tempo music. Discriminant function analysis showed the number of assertive behaviors when listening to fast tempo music, and difference scores were predictive of membership by grade. The higher the grade the more assertive behaviors were emitted when listening to fast tempo music.
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Rodriguez, Ana Marina, Kathleen Schmeler, Sapna Kaul, and Yong-Fang Kuo. "2558 Current efforts to increase adolescent human papillomavirus vaccination rates using school-based setting in Starr County, Texas." Journal of Clinical and Translational Science 2, S1 (2018): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cts.2018.246.
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OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: Improving human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination rates ultimately decreases the morbidity and mortality of HPV-associated diseases. A school-based program was piloted in the Rio Grande City Consolidated Independent School District (RGCCISD) to increase HPV vaccination. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: We assessed baseline HPV vaccination; surveyed 622 parents of eligible children aged ≥9 years; and piloted and developed a school-based HPV education and vaccination program in 1 middle school in 2017 and 4 additional middle schools in 2018. The parent survey included (1) demographic information, (2) an assessment of parental knowledge about the HPV vaccine, and (3) information about their children and HPV vaccine experience. Results of the parent survey and pilot program are in progress. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: As of 9/1/2016, 20.4% of the 7527 RGCCISD eligible students (≥9 years) had completed the HPV vaccine. Baseline completion rates were higher for RGCCISD students aged 12–14 years compared with students aged 9–11 and ≥15 years (28.4% vs. 16.5%). Baseline completion rates for RGCCISD adolescents were substantially lower than those reported in NIS-Teen and for Texas (42% females and 28% males for NIS-Teen vs. 41% and 24% for the state of Texas). DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Initial results show that engagement with key stakeholders is important and schools are a great venue for delivering and increasing HPV vaccination.
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Mingazova, E. N., A. N. Samoilov, and S. I. Shiller. "Medical and social factors impact in myopia development." Kazan medical journal 93, no. 6 (2012): 958–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kmj2118.
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Aim. To elaborate a mathematical model of individual myopia development and progression risk in school students who study using innovative programs. Methods. 372 students of №19 gymnasium, Kazan, Russia, were examined. Students were divided into two groups: the first group - students with emmetropia (180 subjects) and the second group - students with myopia (192 subjects). Age distribution (junior students aged 7-9 years - 111 subjects, middle school students aged 12-14 years - 147 subjects, senior students aged 16-17 years - 114 subjects) was taken into account. Results. Factors influencing the visual acuity deterioration in school students were combined into five groups: medical and biological, social and hygienic, visual load, behavioral and alimentary. The visual load had the highest impact (52.8% - for male students, 51.7% - for female students), with behavioral factors on the second place (39.0% - for male students, 41.61% - for female students), alimentary factors on the third place (36.46 and 41.38% accordingly), medical and biological factors on the fourth place (24.80 and 29.09%) and with social and hygienic factors at the bottom (20.69 and 27.74%). Conclusion. The overall sum of the prognostic coefficients allows to define the risk of myopia on case-to-case basis and to distribute the student to a prognosis group. Basing on this approach. it is possible to develop personalized recommendations for myopia prevention targeting on the most important unfavorable prognostic factors.
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Gallagher, Shelagh A. "Epistemological Differences Between Gifted and Typically Developing Middle School Students." Journal for the Education of the Gifted 42, no. 2 (2019): 164–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0162353219836924.
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Students’ personal epistemologies, or their beliefs about knowledge and knowing, have a substantial impact on learning, affecting their responses to curriculum, strategy selection, and psychosocial variables. Changes in epistemological reasoning occur similarly to other stage-based developmental schemes, with qualitative shifts in worldviews at each stage. Some research suggests that gifted students tend to develop higher levels of epistemological reasoning earlier than same-aged typically developing peers. The current study extends research in developmental differences to middle school students. A total of 189 sixth-, seventh-, and eighth-grade gifted or typical students completed the Learning Context Questionnaire. An analysis of variance was conducted to determine differences by Gifted Status and Grade Level. Results of the analysis revealed significant differences between gifted and typical students, with modest effect size, at each grade level. The discussion includes implications for understanding giftedness and related need for rich inquiry-based learning environments.
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Tran, K. M., J. D. Cook, E. E. Blair, P. E. Peppard, and D. T. Plante. "0168 Effects of School Night Sleep Duration and Circadian Preference on Student Tardiness: An Investigation in a Middle-School Aged Sample." Sleep 43, Supplement_1 (2020): A66—A67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.166.
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Abstract Introduction Sleep and circadian factors play an important role in school attendance, academic performance, and daytime behaviors among adolescents. This investigation assessed school night sleep duration (SNSD) and circadian preference (CP) association with first period tardies (FPT) using a middle-aged sample from the Madison (Wisconsin) Metropolitan School District (MMSD), prior to implementation of a planned district-wide delay in middle school start times. Methods 4,175 middle-school aged students from 12 MMSD schools completed a sleep survey, which included SNSD and a validated 4-level measure of CP. Self-reported SNSD between 4-and-12 hours served as final sample inclusion criterion. Mixed effects modeling was employed with students nested within school. Linear regression determined SNSD and CP effect on student tardiness. Individual, year-long FPT served as outcome variable. Inclusion of SNSD quadratic term was not statistically indicated. Full model covariates included age, sex, race, parent educational level, homelessness, free and reduced lunch, and special education status. Results Final sample included 3,860 students. Univariate regression determined a significant CP association with FPT [β=1.20, 95% CI (0.54, 1.86), F(1,10.41)=13.7, p=0.004), but not SNSD [β=-0.31, 95% CI (-0.70, -0.09), F(1,10.21)=2.5, p=0.14]. SNSD and CP interaction was not significant. CP significance was maintained in the full model [β=1.24, 95% CI (-0.70, -0.09), F(1,11.21)=13.7, p=0.004]. Evening preference associated with 3.72 more FPT, relative to morning preference. Conclusion Results suggest evening preference is associated with increased risk of tardiness among middle school students. Future research that examines the relationships between delayed school start times, circadian preference, and impact on school tardiness is indicated. Support This research was generously supported by a grant from the Madison Education Partnership (MEP).
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Ding, Liyi, Britton W. Brewer, Marcia Mackey, et al. "Factors Associated with School Sports Injury among Elementary and Middle School Students in Shanghai, China." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 11 (2022): 6406. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19116406.
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School sports activity (SSA) is beneficial to gaining and maintaining optimal health among elementary and middle school students but might increase risks for school sports injury (SSI). This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the incidence and identify risk factors of SSI among Chinese elementary and middle school students in Shanghai. Students in grades 4–5 (elementary) and 7–9 (middle) from three k-12 schools (aged from 9 to 16 years old) in Shanghai selected via the method of cluster random sampling were invited to participate in the study. Information on socio-demography, sleep duration, individual internal and external risk factors, and SSI experiences in the past 12 months was collected. A multivariate logistic regression model was performed to estimate the risk factors of SSI. A total of 1303 participants completed the questionnaires, with an overall SSI incidence rate of 29.5%. Along with boys, elementary school students, and sports team members, students scoring high on internal and external risk factors were at higher risk for SSA. In summary, SSI was prevalent among elementary and middle school students in Shanghai, China, and was associated with several modifiable risk factors. The findings provide insights regarding actions that could be taken to reduce the occurrence of SSI and maximize the benefits of SSA, including improvements in safety education, maintenance of facilities and equipment, and completion of warm-up exercises.
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Zhou, Rena, Yang Li, Masahiro Umezaki, et al. "Association between Physical Activity and Neighborhood Environment among Middle-Aged Adults in Shanghai." Journal of Environmental and Public Health 2013 (2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/239595.
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Objective. To determine the perceived neighborhood environment (NE) variables that are associated with physical activity (PA) in urban areas in China.Methods. Parents of students at two junior high schools in Shanghai, one downtown and the other in the suburbs, were recruited to participate in the study. They completed an International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and Neighborhood Environment Walkability Scale-Abbreviated (NEWS-A) survey. Participant physical activity was also objectively measured using accelerometers.Results. Participants from downtown areas were more positively associated with transportation PA and leisure-time PA than respondents living in the suburbs. Residential density was found to be a significant positive predictor of recreational or leisure-based PA. Street connectivity was negatively associated with leisure time PA for respondents. Moderate-vigorous PA was found to be negatively associated with traffic safety. There were no significant associations between environmental factors and transportation PA. Women had higher levels of moderate-vigorous PA than men.Conclusions. The results of this study demonstrate that residential density, street connectivity, and traffic safety have a significant impact on Chinese middle-aged adults' PA, suggesting urban planning strategies for promoting positive public health outcomes.
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Southerland, Jodi L., Shimin Zheng, Mark Dula, Yan Cao, and Deborah Leachman Slawson. "Relationship Between Physical Activity and Suicidal Behaviors Among 65,182 Middle School Students." Journal of Physical Activity and Health 13, no. 8 (2016): 809–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2015-0315.
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Background:The psychosocial benefits of participating in physical activity (PA) are well known; less is known about the relationship between suicidal behaviors and PA among adolescents, especially among middle school-aged youth. This study seeks to fill that gap by assessing the cross-sectional relationship between these variables.Methods:A secondary analysis of the 2010 Tennessee Middle School Youth Risk Behavior Survey data was conducted among 65,182 middle school students. Items examined were PA, sports team engagement, physical education (PE) class, screen time, suicidal behaviors, drug/substance use, extreme weight control behaviors, weight status and weight misperceptions, and selected personal characteristics. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the association between PA, sports team engagement, and PE class attendance on suicidal behaviors.Results:Sports team engagement was significantly associated with suicidal thoughts, plans, and attempts even after controlling for other important variables. There was no relationship, however, between total PA or PE class attendance in univariate or multivariate models, respectively.Conclusions:Findings suggest that sports team engagement is associated with reduced risk for suicidal thoughts, plans, and attempts, whereas, no relationships were found for PA or PE class attendance. Asking adolescents questions about sports team engagement may help clinicians screen for risk of suicidal behaviors.
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Pollack, Courtney, Eric D. Wilkey, and Gavin R. Price. "Predictors of middle school students’ growth in symbolic number comparison performance." Journal of Numerical Cognition 8, no. 1 (2022): 53–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5964/jnc.8069.
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The ability to efficiently compare number symbols, such as digits, is associated with mathematics competence across the lifespan. Performance on symbolic number comparison tasks differ across age groups; young students who are developing fluency with digits improve on symbolic number comparison, and performance is better in adults than children. However, whether this improvement continues for older students who are fluent with number symbols, and what cognitive factors relate to this improvement, is unknown. This study used a longitudinal sample of U.S. middle school students (n = 394) to examine whether symbolic number comparison performance changes over middle school (i.e., students aged 11-14), whether there are individual differences in students’ rate of change, and potential predictors of that change. Students completed measures of single-digit symbolic number comparison, nonsymbolic number comparison, executive function (EF), and mathematics competence in Grade 5 (M = 11.02 years; SD = 0.32), and double-digit symbolic number comparison in Grades 6-8. Results showed that, on average, students’ symbolic number comparison performance improved from Grades 6-8. Grade 5 Symbolic number comparison performance predicted Grade 8 symbolic number comparison and rate of change over Grades 6-8. Grade 5 nonsymbolic number comparison, EF, and mathematics competence predicted Grade 8 symbolic number comparison performance. Results suggest that numerical magnitude processing, executive functions, and mathematics competence are related to symbolic number processing well into middle school, and that students continue to refine their ability to process number symbols into adolescence.
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Moore, Jesse N., Mary Anne Raymond, John D. Mittelstaedt, and John F. Tanner. "Age and Consumer Socialization Agent Influences on Adolescents’ Sexual Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behavior: Implications for Social Marketing Initiatives and Public Policy." Journal of Public Policy & Marketing 21, no. 1 (2002): 37–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1509/jppm.21.1.37.17612.
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Social marketing initiatives that influence adolescents’ sexual behavior are critical given that adolescents are the most at-risk group for sexually transmitted diseases and unplanned and unwanted pregnancy. This study, involving 1343 middle school– and high school–aged students, explores relationships among several factors that potentially influence adolescents’ sexual knowledge, attitudes, and behavior. The authors examine the influence of several socialization agents, including parents, peers, and mass media. The results show that parental influence is the most consistent socialization agent across age groupings on all dependent variables studied. However, the relative influence of parents, peers, and media may vary between middle school– and high school–aged adolescents. The authors discuss implications for social marketing initiatives, public policy, and further research.
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Vanata, David F., and Beth J. Patton. "Strength-Training as an Alternative Physical Education Pilot Program for Non-Active Middle-School Girls." Women in Sport and Physical Activity Journal 18, no. 1 (2009): 54–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/wspaj.18.1.54.
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Although opportunities for female adolescents to participate in organized sports and physical activities are readily available, currently observed trends among female adolescents indicate nationwide decreases in physical fitness and involvement in physical education (PE) classes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of an alternative strength-conditioning PE pilot program among non-active middle-school-aged girls who were not involved in sports. The alternative strength-training PE program met twice weekly for eight-weeks and incorporated exercises using free-weights, exercise balls, resistance bands, and fitness steps. Students participating in this program tailored their workouts to meet their individual interests. Results indicated that girls involved in the alternative program significantly improved from their baseline means scores for cardiovascular and strength measurements. No significant differences in fitness assessments were observed pre/post among the girls involved in traditional PE classes. The present study demonstrates that alternative strength-training PE classes can be effective in improving fitness levels among non-active middle-school-aged female students who are not involved in sports.
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Wang, W. "Mainland Chinese Students' Concept of Health." Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health 16, no. 2 (2004): 89–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/101053950401600202.
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This investigation, which was part of a larger project, was to describe and explain the concept of health as perceived by Chinese students. Data were collected through a questionnaire from students from two primary schools, two high schools and two universities (N=946) in Shanghai, China. The results showed that Chinese students not only considered themselves healthy but also viewed adolescents as the healthiest people in comparison with children, the middle and the old-aged. Their health concept consisted of components relating to physical, psychological, and social/moral dimensions. There were more boys than girls who considered mental health to be part of general health and a tendency for boys to perceive health status as poorer along with the increase in age. The categories of the concept of health and students' views on how to enhance health status are presented. Asia Pac J Public Health 2004; 16(2): 89-94.
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Nithyanandham Masilamani and Dhanraj Ganapathy. "Awareness on harmful effects of smoking in middle school children." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, SPL3 (2020): 866–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11ispl3.3039.
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Consumption of cigarettes and similar tobacco items and tobacco smoking are the world's largest common preventable of death. Multiple studies have observed that the overall life expectancy of a person dying from tobacco-related illnesses is 15 years quicker than those dying from natural deaths. Hence this study was done to assess the awareness on harmful effects of smoking in middle school children. This was a questionnaire-based cross-sectional type of study comprising 100 middle schools aged between 10-15 years in Chennai. A self-administered questionnaire containing 10 questions eliciting information on the awareness of the harmful effects of smoking among middle school students were circulated. The collected responses were tabulated and analysed.95% of students are not smokers and 5% smoke to get pleasure. 94% of students are not aware that smoking causes cancer and it is injurious to health. 68% feel the parental influence and 32% feel peer influence to be the reasons for smoking. 86% were not aware of smoking cessation therapy. The results of this study illustrate the need to increase understanding of the health consequences of smoking in middle school students. In order to promote quitting, especially in rural areas, where rates of education and health literacy are lower and where health services are less available, educational programs are an essential way to increase awareness.
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Donnelly, Joseph, Eva Goldfarb, David F. Duncan, and Carolyn Eadie. "Sexuality Attitudes and Behaviors of Self-Described Very Religious Urban Students in Middle School." Psychological Reports 85, no. 2 (1999): 607–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1999.85.2.607.
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Data from a survey of 869 students aged 11 to 15 years and attending six urban middle schools were analyzed to identify differences in sex attitudes and behaviors between self-reported very religious students and their less religious peers. The two groups were demographically similar. They differed on only two attitude items, one suggesting that intercourse was a normal part of teenage dating and the other suggesting intercourse was alright if the two people were in love. The groups did not differ in their estimation of their peers' sexual activity or attitude or in terms of their own intercourse behavior or future intentions.
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Shamlikashvili, T. A., S. V. Haritonov, D. N. Pchelinceva, and V. P. Grafsky. "Aggressiveness of middle and high school students and their preferred styles of behavior in conflict situations, gender aspect." Psychology and Law 8, no. 2 (2018): 138–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/psylaw.2018080211.
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The paper presents the results of a study of the propensity of students of the state budgetary educational institution to manifestations of various forms of aggression and their preferred strategies of behavior in conflict situations. The study was conducted on the basis of one of the state budgetary institutions of Moscow and included data from 462 children aged 11 to 17 years. It is defined that in dynamics from middle to senior classes at girls the tendency to manifestation of indirect aggression, offense and verbal aggression increases, at boys the tendency to physical, indirect and verbal aggression and offense increases. The severity of these forms of aggression is at levels — above average. In high and middle school students, the strategy of rivalry is not the preferred choice of behavior in conflict, but rather compromise and avoidance in high school and adaptation and avoidance in middle school. Thus, conflict tensions in educational institutions are not associated with the level of aggressiveness of secondary and higher school students. It is obvious that there are other mechanisms that remain insufficiently studied.
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Hansen, Spencer D., and Benjamin Lignugaris/Kraft. "Effects of a Dependent Group Contingency on the Verbal Interactions of Middle School Students with Emotional Disturbance." Behavioral Disorders 30, no. 2 (2005): 170–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019874290503000204.
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This study examined the effects of a dependent group contingency to increase positive verbal interactions among nine middle school-aged males in a self-contained classroom. Prior to implementing the group contingency, the students received social skills instruction. A withdrawal experimental design was then used to evaluate the effects of the dependent group contingency. Students’ positive verbal interactions increased and negative verbal interactions decreased with the implementation of the dependent group contingency. When the group contingency was faded, positive and negative interaction levels were maintained. The results are discussed in terms of developing positive interaction skills among youth with emotional disturbance and the application of dependent group contingencies with these students.
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Tang, Dongchun, Weicong Cai, Wenda Yang, Yang Gao, and Liping Li. "Gender-Specific Risk Factors of Physical Activity-Related Injuries among Middle School Students in Southern China." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 13 (2019): 2359. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16132359.
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This cross-sectional study was carried out to explore the potential risk factors of physical activity-related injuries (PARI) among middle-school students of different genders. Selected by the random cluster sampling method, students aged from 12 to 16 years old in grades 7–8 from six middle schools in Shantou, southern China, were recruited for this investigation in November 2017. Information about socio-demographics, physical activity (PA) exposure time, individual exercise behaviors, risk-taking behaviors, and PARI experiences in the past 12 months was collected. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to explore the risk factors of PARI. A total of 1270 students completed valid questionnaires, with an overall injury incidence of 33.6% (boys: 42.0%; girls: 25.0%), an injury risk of 0.68 injuries/student/year, and an injury rate of 1.43 injuries per 1000 PA exposure hours. For boys, living in a school dormitory, participating in sports teams, exercising on a wet floor, rebellious behavior, and having longer PA exposure time were the risk factors of PARI. For girls, those who were sports team members, whose parents were divorced or separated, and those with longer PA exposure time were more vulnerable to suffer from PARI. In conclusion, PARI was a health problem among middle school students in southern China. Boys and girls differed in PARI occurrence and were affected by different risk factors, which provides a basis for targeted gender-specific intervention programs to reduce the occurrence of PARI among middle-school students.