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Journal articles on the topic 'Midwifery history'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 27 January 2023

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1

Tomin, Julius. "Socratic Midwifery." Classical Quarterly 37, no. 1 (May 1987): 97–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009838800031682.

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In Plato's Theaetetus Socrates is portrayed as a midwife of the intellect. The comparison of Socratic questioning to midwifery had until recently been commonly attributed to Socrates himself. In 1977 M. F. Burnyeat published Socratic Midwifery, Platonic Inspiration, which transformed the way in which the dialogue has since been perceived. The author maintains that the midwife comparison is in no sense to be attributed to the historical Socrates.

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2

Larsson, Åsa, and Yvonne Hilli. "The ethos of caring within midwifery: A history of ideas study." Nursing Ethics 25, no. 6 (October 19, 2016): 808–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733016669866.

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Background: The midwifery profession in Sweden has a history since the early 1700s when government training for midwives began. Midwifery is historically well described, but the idea of caring within midwifery is not described. Aim: The aim was to describe the patterns of ideas of caring as they appeared in midwifery during the first half of the 20th century. Research design: This study has a hermeneutic approach and the method is history of ideas. Sources of material are taken from the journal Jordemodern (Midwifery), textbooks for midwives, and midwifery regulations. The study has a caring science perspective according to Eriksson. Ethical considerations: This study is conducted in accordance with the ethical guidelines for good scientific practice issued by The Finnish Advisory Board on Research Integrity. The special demands on approach to the analyzed text in history of ideas have been met. Findings: Three themes were identified: Serving as a way of life, Acting in a redemptive spirit, and Having independence with heavy responsibility. The various themes are not refined, but current ideas are woven into the weave that were characteristic of midwifery during the first half of the 20th century. Conclusion: History of ideas is a fruitful method for understanding and re-finding valuable cultural goods. We can once more stress the manner of being within the midwife’s profession where inner values, ethos, shape the manner of conduct in the care of women in childbirth.

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3

Burst, Helen Varney. "The History of Nurse-Midwifery/Midwifery Education." Journal of Midwifery & Women's Health 50, no. 2 (March 4, 2005): 129–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmwh.2004.12.014.

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4

Sonmezer, Ellie. "Professional autonomy for midwives in the contemporary UK maternity system: part 1." British Journal of Midwifery 28, no. 12 (December 2, 2020): 850–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjom.2020.28.12.850.

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The history and professionalisation of midwifery has travelled through turbulent times to arrive at an opportunity for transformation in the contemporary UK maternity system. This professionalisation, the midwifery profession and professional autonomy are explored in this article from a sociological perspective, to answer the question of whether a midwife can achieve professional autonomy within the UK system. This is a two-part article. Part one has a strong focus on the historical context of midwifery, government policy and guidelines, risk, litigation and increasing managerialisation to frame the discussion in part two. The second part provides a discussion of autonomy, choice, managerialisation and reflexive practice, to create a conceptual framework utilising the concept New Professional Midwifery. This is to centralise a core belief in midwifery autonomy and women's choice facilitation. This paper is part one of two.

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5

Mitsyuk, Natalia A., and Anna V. Belova. "Midwifery as the first official profession of women in Russia, 18th to early 20th centuries." RUDN Journal of Russian History 20, no. 2 (December 15, 2021): 270–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2312-8674-2021-20-2-270-285.

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The authors study the institutionalization of midwife specialization among women in Russia in the period from the 18th through the early 20th centuries. The main sources are legislative acts, clerical documents, as well as reports on the activities of medical institutions and maternity departments. The authors use the approaches of gender history, and the concept of professionalization as developed by E. Freidson. Midwifery was the first area of womens work that was officially recognized by the state. There were three main stages on the way to professionalizing the midwifery profession among women. The first stage (covering the 18th century) is associated with attempts to study and systematize the activities of midwives. The practical experience of midwifes was actively sought by doctors whose theoretical knowledge was limited. The second stage of professionalization (corresponding to the first half of the 19th century) was associated with the normative regulation of midwife work and the formation of a professional hierarchy in midwifery. The third stage (comprising the second half of the 19th century and the early 20th century) saw a restriction of the midwives spheres of activity, as well as the active inclusion of male doctors in practical obstetrics and their rise to a dominant position. With the development of obstetric specialization, operative obstetrics, and the opening of maternity wards, midwives were relegated to a subordinate position in relation to doctors. In contrast to the United States and Western European countries, Russia did not have professional associations of midwives. Intra-professional communication was weak, and there was no corporate solidarity. In Soviet medicine, finally, the midwives subordinate place in relation to doctors was only cemented.

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6

Kaspruk, Lyudmila Ilyinichna. "On the history of midwifery." Spravočnik vrača obŝej praktiki (Journal of Family Medicine), no. 2 (January 31, 2022): 54–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/med-10-2202-07.

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January 8th is Midwife Day. On this day, it is customary to honor the so-called «midwives». In the history of obstetrics in the first half of the 19th century, the activity of midwives was firmly entrenched namely for women who dominated in obstetric activities due to established views on birth as the female area and the existing kind of «taboo» on «unpopularity» of this specialization among male doctors during the study period. At the same time, the very definition of «midwife» was applied both to those who received a special education, and to «uneducated rural midwives». The midwife in rural areas occupied the main place in maternity rituals and in obstetric practice. In the activities of the midwife, rational and irrational methods of traditional medicine were used. A sociological portrait of a midwife is presented.

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7

Shelton, D. C. "Man-midwifery history: 1730–1930." Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 32, no. 8 (October 17, 2012): 718–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/01443615.2012.721031.

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8

Kaufman, Karyn J. "A History of Ontario Midwifery." Journal SOGC 20, no. 10 (September 1998): 976–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0849-5831(98)80058-x.

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9

Bloom, Lynn Z. "Auto/bio/history: Modern midwifery." Prose Studies 14, no. 2 (September 1991): 12–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01440359108586429.

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10

Shields, Linda, Julie Jomeen, Wendy Smyth, and David Stanley. "Matthew Flinders Senior (1751–1802): Surgeon and ‘man midwife’." Journal of Medical Biography 28, no. 2 (October 26, 2017): 115–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0967772017707713.

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Until the eighteenth century, midwifery was the sole domain of women, but changes in medical science saw it appropriated by medical men and the ‘man-midwife’ emerged. This paper demonstrates the work of a man-midwife in a small English village in one year, 1775, using his accounts and correspondence. The man was Matthew Flinders Senior, ‘surgeon and man-midwife’ at Donington, Lincolnshire. He was the father of Captain Matthew Flinders, the famous navigator who mapped the coast line of Australia and who coined that name. Primary sources, published as a collection by the Lincoln Record Society, were used. Flinders Senior made a good living from his midwifery, charging rates commensurate with those charged by obstetricians today (with reduced costs for the poor). His descriptions of his practice show how midwifery was conducted in rural England during the development of medicine as a high-status profession. The paper uses data from one year to provide a snap shot of the work of a rural surgeon and man-midwife, but much more is available in the published collection, providing ready access for researchers who may like to pursue such work further.

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11

Reid, Lindsay. "Using oral history in midwifery research." British Journal of Midwifery 12, no. 4 (April 2004): 208–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjom.2004.12.4.12510.

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12

Powls, Lucinda. "A short history of clinical midwifery." Midwifery 12, no. 2 (June 1996): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0266-6138(96)90014-5.

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13

Cheung, Ngai Fen. "Chinese midwifery: the history and modernity." Midwifery 25, no. 3 (June 2009): 228–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2007.03.001.

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14

Dahlen, H. "Midwifery: “At the edge of history”." Women and Birth 19, no. 1 (March 2006): 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wombi.2006.01.002.

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15

Tarrant, Harold. "Midwifery and the Clouds." Classical Quarterly 38, no. 1 (January 1988): 116–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009838800031323.

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Julius Tomin has recently questioned the new orthodoxy, stemming from Burnyeat's impressive article, that Socratic midwifery is not genuinely Socratic. I understand that many will feel the need to question Burnyeat's position, but I am unhappy that Aristophanes' comedy has once again been thought to give support to the view that Socrates had been known as an intellectual midwife. Thus my response will concentrate on our understanding of Clouds, and in particular on the key passage at 135ff.

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16

H. Molnár, Anikó, Ibolya Lipienné Krémer, and János Rigó. "Liptay Imréné - egy 20. századi magyar szülésznő története." Kaleidoscope history 11, no. 22 (2021): 123–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.17107/kh.2021.22.123-137.

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Nowadays, in Hungary, midwives are classified as skilled health workers, and according to their qualifications and professionalism, they are important health care providers. Midwifery, as an ancient profession based on traditions and rituals, was gradually transformed into an in-patient nursing of the 20th-century health care facilities. This study was written on the basis of a diploma work “The Life and Working of Hungarian Midwives in the 20th Century” defended at the Faculty of Health Sciences of Semmelweis University in 2020, inspired by a memorial plaque in honour of the former midwife of Gyömrő. This review presents the professional career and life of the town midwife Liptay, born Ilona Hebrancz (1903-1990). It is based on her records and oral history of her descendants and acquaintances while focusing especially on changes of the traditional midwifery in Hungary.

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17

Habek, Dubravko. "Ethnopharmacology in the History of Traditional Midwifery and Obstetrics in Inland Croatia." Zeitschrift für Geburtshilfe und Neonatologie 225, no. 04 (March 22, 2021): 374–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1372-6638.

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AbstractOur review of the history of midwifery, obstetrics and gynecology in inland and coastal areas in northeast Croatia revealed a rich body of data on the use of ethnopharmacology in folklore traditional and approbated midwifery and obstetrics from the 18th to the 20th century. In this study, 42 plants, 4 animal preparations and 1 mineral preparation were presented in an approach to women's health during the history of obstetrics and midwifery.

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18

Fleming, Valerie EM. "Autonomous or Automatons? an exploration through history of the concept of autonomy in midwifery in Scotland and New Zealand." Nursing Ethics 5, no. 1 (January 1998): 43–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096973309800500106.

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Through the World Health Organization’s definition of midwifery, midwives are frequently heard to describe themselves as autonomous practitioners. In this article this notion is refuted. An overview of individual and collective autonomy is first presented to contextualize the subsequent discussion. Then the notion of autonomy in relation to midwifery practice in Scotland and New Zealand is critiqued through tracing the history of midwives and midwifery in these two countries. Issues relating to midwifery registration, medicalization of birth and consumerism are discussed. Each of these categories is suggested as limiting to autonomous practice within midwifery.

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19

Fithriany, Fithriany, Fitri Susana, and Cut Yuniwati. "FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN PRE-EKLAMSIA PADAHAMIL DI POLI KEBIDANAN RUMAH SAKIT TINGKAT II ISKANDAR MUDA BANDA ACEH TAHUN 2014." Jurnal Ilmiah PANNMED (Pharmacist, Analyst, Nurse, Nutrition, Midwivery, Environment, Dentist) 11, no. 2 (November 5, 2018): 82–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.36911/pannmed.v11i2.107.

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Based the data obtained in Poly Midwifery of Grade II Hospital of IskandarMuda Banda Aceh, obtained that in 2013, of amount of pregnancy was 3.787, found 44 persons (1,16%) of pregnant mother havehypertension, as many 106 (2,79%) of pregnant mothers have severe pre-eklampsia and 2 (0,05%) ofpregnant mothers have eklampsia. Whereas period of 2014, of 3.188 of pregnant mothers who came to visit to Poly Midwifery of Grade II Hospital of IskandarMuda Banda Aceh, was 49 (1,53%) have hypertension, as many 126 persons (3,95%) have severe pre-eklampsia and as many 4 persons (0,15%) have eklampsia.Purpose of Study: To find out factors related to pre-eklampsia in pregnant mother in Poly-Midwifery of Grade II Hospital of IskandarMuda Banda Aceh, period of January up to December 2014.Method of Study: This study is in analytical survey by cross sectional approach, it was conducted in May 27th up to June 1st, 2015, population in this study was whole pregnant mothers who came to visited to Poly-Midwifery of Grade II Hospital of IskandarMuda Banda Aceh, January up to December 2014 periods,amounted to 3.188 persons, where sampling technique was using random sampling that taken randomly was 97 persons, the data is processed and analysed using chi-square (x2) test.Results of Study: There was correlation age to pre-eklampsia in pregnant mother with p=0,017 (p<0,05), there was correlation parity to pre-eklampsia in pregnant mother with p=0,021 (p<0,05), there was correlation history of hypertension to pre-eklampsia in pregnant mother with p=0,035 (p<0,05)Conlusion and Suggestion: There was correlation between age, parity and history of hypertension to pre-eklampsia in pregnant mother, expected to midwife for can give midwifery care to pregnant mother by pre-eklampsia so that may decrease the illness and death rates effect of pre-eklampsia.

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20

Varney, Helen, and Joyce Beebe Thompson. "A History of Midwifery in the United States: The Midwife Said Fear Not." Nursing History Review 25, no. 1 (2017): 168–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1062-8061.25.1.168.

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21

Hunter, B. "Lindsay Reid, Midwifery in Scotland: A History." Social History of Medicine 26, no. 1 (December 11, 2012): 158–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/shm/hks101.

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22

Goode, Keisha, and Barbara Katz Rothman. "African-American Midwifery, a History and a Lament." American Journal of Economics and Sociology 76, no. 1 (January 2017): 65–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ajes.12173.

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23

Kuhns, Richard. "Pimping and Midwifery: Reflections on History and Psychoanalysis." Contemporary Psychoanalysis 29, no. 1 (January 1993): 28–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00107530.1993.10746790.

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24

SHAH, M. "Direct-entry midwifery education History in the making." Journal of Nurse-Midwifery 41, no. 5 (September 1996): 351–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0091-2182(96)00060-2.

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25

Burst, H. "History of nurse-midwifery in reproductive health care." Journal of Nurse-Midwifery 43, no. 6 (November 12, 1998): 526–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0091-2182(98)00059-7.

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26

Fahy, Kathleen. "An Australian history of the subordination of midwifery." Women and Birth 20, no. 1 (March 2007): 25–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wombi.2006.08.003.

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27

Newnham, Elizabeth, and Mavis Kirkham. "Beyond autonomy: Care ethics for midwifery and the humanization of birth." Nursing Ethics 26, no. 7-8 (January 13, 2019): 2147–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733018819119.

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The bioethical principle of respect for a person’s bodily autonomy is central to biomedical and healthcare ethics. In this article, we argue that this concept of autonomy is often annulled in the maternity field, due to the maternal two-in-one body (and the obstetric focus on the foetus over the woman) and the history of medical paternalism in Western medicine and obstetrics. The principle of respect for autonomy has therefore become largely rhetorical, yet can hide all manner of unethical practice. We propose that large institutions that prioritize a midwife–institution relationship over a midwife–woman relationship are in themselves unethical and inimical to the midwifery philosophy of care. We suggest that a focus on care ethics has the potential to remedy these problems, by making power relationships visible and by prioritizing the relationship above abstract ethical principles.

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28

Wall, L. L. "Eighteenth Century British Midwifery." Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences 63, no. 2 (August 30, 2007): 264–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jhmas/jrn015.

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29

TOMKINS, ALANNAH. "Demography and the midwives: deliveries and their dénouements in north Shropshire, 1781–1803." Continuity and Change 25, no. 2 (August 2010): 199–232. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0268416010000214.

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ABSTRACTThis article uses the evidence of midwifery deliveries to investigate the strengths and shortcomings of parish registers, and to pose questions about infant and maternal mortality. It focuses on the delivery notebooks of Thomas Higgins, a man-midwife of north Shropshire, but also employs comparators from Staffordshire and Yorkshire. The research incorporates a technique for dealing with infants where neither a baptism nor a burial can be found. The findings include rare evidence about rates of stillbirth and maternal mortality, and suggest some adjustments to the assumptions made for conducting parish reconstitutions.

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30

Brucker, Mary C. "The Midwifeʼs Tale: An Oral History from Handywoman to Professional Midwife." Journal of Perinatal & Neonatal Nursing 9, no. 2 (September 1995): 79–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005237-199509000-00013.

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31

Abedini, Samireh, Hesamaddin Kamal zadeh, and Rafat Javadi. "Investigating the components of History, Ethics, Laws and Rights in Midwifery course in the midwifery curriculum." Development Strategies in Medical Education 8, no. 2 (December 1, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.52547/dsme.8.2.1.

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32

Jaffary, Nora E. "Medicine, Midwifery, and the Law." Mexican Studies/Estudios Mexicanos 37, no. 1 (2021): 61–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/msem.2021.37.1.61.

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A body of nearly ninety criminal trials for abortion and infanticide in nineteenth-century Yucatán reveal some contradictory traits. On one hand, the testimony that licensed physicians provided to courts about the nature of the medicines that midwives and boticarios supplied to pregnant Mayan women was surprisingly respectful and supportive of these unlicensed health practitioners. The cases reveal both the ongoing practice of Mayan medicinal and botanical knowledge in obstetrical health at the close of the nineteenth century and, despite public rhetoric to the contrary, individual doctors’ tolerance of, or accommodation to, such practices. On the other hand, the local judges who tried these cases displayed much less accommodation to Mayan defendants, reflecting the pronounced Mayan and non-Mayan social and political tensions that characterized the era of the peninsula’s Caste War.

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Dopson, Laurence. "Midwifery in Scotland – A HistoryMidwifery in Scotland – A History." Nursing Standard 26, no. 8 (October 26, 2011): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns2011.10.26.8.30.b1276.

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Thomas, S. S. "Early Modern Midwifery: Splitting the Profession, Connecting the History." Journal of Social History 43, no. 1 (September 1, 2009): 115–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jsh.0.0215.

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Dopson, Laurence. "Midwifery in Scotland: A HistoryMidwifery in Scotland: A History." Nursing Management 20, no. 3 (June 2013): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/nm2013.06.20.3.8.s10.

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36

Moore-Davis, Tonia L., Karen B. McGee, Elaine M. Moore, and Lisa L. Paine. "The Midwifery Legacies Project: History, Progress, and Future Directions." Journal of Midwifery & Women's Health 60, no. 1 (January 2015): 56–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jmwh.12285.

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Giladi, Avner. "LIMINAL CRAFT, EXCEPTIONAL LAW: PRELIMINARY NOTES ON MIDWIVES IN MEDIEVAL ISLAMIC WRITINGS." International Journal of Middle East Studies 42, no. 2 (April 13, 2010): 185–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020743810000012.

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In his monumental “Introduction to History,”al-Muqaddima, Ibn Khaldun, the well-known Muslim historiographer and philosopher of history (d. 1406a.d.), dedicates a whole chapter to midwifery (ṣināʿat al-tawlīd) that is as original in conception as it is rich in detail. The chapter is included in Part V, which offers a survey of professions and crafts—“the ‘accidents’ of sedentary culture”—that for Ibn Khaldun reflect the sophistication of urban life. Within this survey, midwifery ranks among the most basic crafts (ummahāt al-ṣanāʾiʿ), being “something necessary in civilization and a matter of general concern, because it assures, as a rule, the life of the newborn child.” Moreover, like “the art of writing, book production, singing, and medicine,” midwifery is regarded as a noble craft because of the subject that is at the heart of it (sharīf bi-l-mawḍūʿ).

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Loudon, Irvine. "Making of man-midwifery." Bulletin of the History of Medicine 70, no. 3 (1996): 507–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/bhm.1996.0123.

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TUNC, TANFER EMIN. "MIDWIFERY AND WOMEN'S WORK IN THE EARLY AMERICAN REPUBLIC: A RECONSIDERATION OF LAUREL THATCHER ULRICH'S A MIDWIFE'S TALE." Historical Journal 53, no. 2 (April 27, 2010): 423–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x10000105.

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ABSTRACTTwenty years after its initial publication, Laurel Thatcher Ulrich's Pulitzer Prize winning monograph A midwife's tale: the life of Martha Ballard based on her diary, 1785–1812 (1990) still serves as a major benchmark in women's labour/economic history mainly because it provides scholars with a window into the life of a turn-of-the-nineteenth-century lay American rural healer not through the comments of an outsider, but through the words of the healer herself. While, on the surface, Ballard's encoded, repetitive, and quotidian diary may seem trivial and irrelevant to historians, as Ulrich notes, ‘it is in the very dailiness, the exhaustive, repetitious dailiness, that the real power of Martha Ballard's book lies … For her, living was to be measured in doing’ (p. 9). By piecing together ‘ordinary’ primary source material to form a meaningful, extraordinary socio-cultural narrative, Ulrich elucidates how American midwives, such as Martha Ballard, functioned within the interstices of the private and public spheres. A midwife's tale is thus not only methodologically significant, but also theoretically important: by illustrating the economic contributions that midwives made to their households and local communities, and positioning the organizational skill of multitasking as a source of female empowerment, it revises our understanding of prescribed gender roles during the early American Republic (1783–1848). Even though A midwife's tale is clearly limited in terms of time (turn-of-the-nineteenth century) and place (rural Maine), it deserves the renewed attention of historians – especially those interested in gender relations and wage-earning, the economic value of domestic labour, and women's work before industrialization.

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Thomas, S. S. "Midwifery and Society in Restoration York." Social History of Medicine 16, no. 1 (April 1, 2003): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/shm/16.1.1.

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41

Yakovenko, T. G. "From the history of the Otts' stock." Journal of obstetrics and women's diseases 49, no. 1 (February 15, 2000): 107–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/jowd89005.

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The article contains the information about D.O.Ottss genealogy. D.O.Ott (1855-1929) was one of the founders of the original Russian obstetrical and gynecological school and the director (since 1893) of the Emperors Clinical Institute of Midwifery and Gynecology, which is known today as the Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology named by D.O.Ott under the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences. The article is written on the basis of the archive and historical documents.

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42

Barangard, Hamideh, Poorandokht Afshari, and Parvin Abedi. "The effect of the SNAPPS (summarize, narrow, analyze, probe, plan, and select) method versus teacher-centered education on the clinical gynecology skills of midwifery students in Iran." Journal of Educational Evaluation for Health Professions 13 (November 15, 2016): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3352/jeehp.2016.13.41.

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This study aimed to determine the effect of the SNAPPS (summarize, narrow, analyze, probe, plan, and select) method versus teacher-centered education on the clinical skills of midwifery students in Iran. In this clinical trial, 36 midwifery students in their 4th year of education in 2015 were enrolled and divided into 6 groups, 3 groups for teacher-centered education and 3 groups for the SNAPPS method, with each group spending 10 days in the outpatient gynecology clinic. A questionnaire and a checklist were used to gather data. An independent t-test and chi-square test were used to analyze the data. Ability to gain the trust of the patient, verbal and nonverbal communication skills, history taking, preparation of the patient for gynecological examination, and diagnosis and treatment of common diseases were significantly better in the SNAPPS group compared to the teacher-centered education group (P<0.05). The SNAPPS education method can significantly improve the clinical skills of midwifery students in gynecology, in particular history taking, differential diagnosis, and treatment of common diseases.

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Juwita, Juwita, Mardiana Ahmad, Syafruddin Syarif, Nasruddin A. Mappaware, Prihantono Prihantono, and Burhanuddin Bahar. "Recording Data Labour With Documentation Midwifery Based On Word Electric Browser (WEB)." Global Journal of Health Science 11, no. 5 (April 30, 2019): 149. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v11n5p149.

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INTRODUCTION: Midwifery documentation is a proof of recording and reporting possessed by midwives in carrying out records in documenting care provided. MATERIAL & METHODS: The research method used was the comparative study with the comparative descriptive design. The total subjects of 30 mothers in labor were chosen using the purposive sampling technique. The subjects were divided into two groups: 15 of the mothers used the conventional midwifery documentation and 15 of them used the WEB-based. The data were analyzed using the univariate analysis in order to look at the median value, and the bivariate analysis with Mann-Whitney test. RESULTS: The study results indicated the the highest frequency was found in the WEB-based partograph, namely he filling speed was 26 (86.7%), the highest frequency of partograph filling truth was that of the WEB-based partograph = 25 (83.3%), while the highest Relevance of the data frequency was found in the WEB-based partograph with the data Relevance = 27 (90%). The result of the statistical test had the p value of 0.000, 0.000, and 0.000 (< α = 0.05) meaning there was a difference of the WEB-based midwifery documentation compared to the conventional midwifery documentation. CONCLUSION: Thus it can be concluded that web-based midwifery documentation is more effective than conventional midwifery documentation. There are differences in the aspects of ease, speed, security and relevance of data to recording labor history data so that it needs to be applied in documenting midwifery care.

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Rossiter, Margaret W. "Forty Issues On; or, Isis Midwifery." Isis 94, no. 4 (December 2003): viii—ix. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/386382.

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Zimmermann Kuoni, Simone. "The Obstetric Connection: Midwives and Weasels within and beyond Minoan Crete." Religions 12, no. 12 (November 29, 2021): 1056. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel12121056.

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The Minoan peak sanctuaries call for systematic comparative research as an island-bound phenomenon whose significance to the (pre)history of medicine far transcends the Cretan context: they yield clay anatomical offerings attesting to the earliest known healing cult in the Aegean. The peak sanctuary of Petsophas produced figurines of weasels, which are usually interpreted as pests, ignoring their association with votives that express concerns about childbirth, traditionally the first single cause of death for women. The paper draws from primary sources to examine the weasel’s puzzling bond with birth and midwives, concluding that it stems from the animal’s pharmacological role in ancient obstetrics. This novel interpretation then steers the analysis of archaeological evidence for rituals involving mustelids beyond and within Bronze Age Crete, revealing the existence of a midwifery koine across the Near East and the Mediterranean; a net of interconnections relevant to female therapeutics which brings to light a package of animals and plants bespeaking of a Minoan healing tradition likely linked to the cult of the midwife goddess Eileithyia. Challenging mainstream accounts of the beginnings of Western medicine as a male accomplishment, this overlooked midwifery tradition characterises Minoan Crete as a unique crucible of healing knowledge, ideas, and practices.

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Barclay, Lesley. "A feminist history of Australian midwifery from colonisation until the 1980s." Women and Birth 21, no. 1 (March 2008): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wombi.2007.12.001.

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HARLEY, DAVID. "ENGLISH ARCHIVES, LOCAL HISTORY, AND THE STUDY OF EARLY MODERN MIDWIFERY." Archives: The Journal of the British Records Association 21, no. 92 (October 1994): 145–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/archives.1994.12.

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Perry, Alison Gabrielle. "The place they will be born." British Journal of Midwifery 27, no. 9 (September 2, 2019): 546–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjom.2019.27.9.546.

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Hyde, Abbey, and Bernadette Roche-Reid. "Midwifery practice and the crisis of modernity: implications for the role of the midwife." Social Science & Medicine 58, no. 12 (June 2004): 2613–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2003.09.014.

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Vail, Gabrielle. "The Serpent Within: Birth Rituals and Midwifery Practices in Pre-Hispanic and Colonial Mesoamerican Cultures." Ethnohistory 66, no. 4 (October 1, 2019): 689–719. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00141801-7683294.

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Abstract This article focuses on female-gendered activities in Mesoamerican culture and reveals a strong link between conception, pregnancy, and childbirth on the one hand and weaving and other activities that produce cloth on the other. Supporting evidence from sources such as codices painted during the Postclassic period (13th to 15th centuries) in the northern Maya area indicates that these associations have a longtime depth, spanning at least a millennium. Ethnohistoric sources from highland Guatemala, paired with contemporary practices in that region, provide further insights into beliefs and rituals associated with childbirth and midwifery among prehispanic Maya populations. A review of colonial-period Nahuatl sources provides a comparative perspective for framing the Maya data within the broader context of pre-Conquest Mesoamerica. Despite the events that have transpired during the past five hundred years in this region, this study finds that many of the elements that were key to this conceptual framework during the Pre-Hispanic period continue to be important today, although their range is more restricted now than it was during the Postclassic and colonial periods. Striking commonalities, as noted, are those that link weaving activities with pregnancy and childbirth. Additionally, objects and iconography related to women and birth—in the form of serpents, umbilical cords, and ropes—tie the act of birth to primordial creation events and highlight the association between midwife and creator grandmother.

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