Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Migration de gaz en milieu poreux'
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Bahlouli, Mohamed Haythem. "Modélisation couplée des écoulements liquide-gaz et de l'hydro-mécanique dans un stockage géologique de déchets radioactifs." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Toulouse (2023-....), 2025. http://www.theses.fr/2025TLSEP028.
Full textAs a safe long-term management of nuclear waste, deep geological disposal was proposed and is the widely accepted approach to deal with high-level radioactive waste. It is currently being under study in several countries. The long-term safety in a deep geological repository (DGR) is ensured through a multi-barrier system provided by engineered barrier and natural barrier systems. In most multi-barrier system concepts in crystalline and clay rock, argillaceous materials (clay rock or bentonite) are envisaged to use for barrier elements. Due to its very low hydraulic conductivity, low molecular diffusion and significant radionuclide retention capacity, COx claystone is considered as a potential geological host formation for an industrial radioactive waste repository in France. The performance of the host rock and engineered barriers in the construction phase and in a long-term perspective (thousands to million of years) is of primary importance for predicting the risk of dissemination of radioactivity. After the deep geological repository is closed and sealed, significant gas quantity can be generated due to several processes such as the anaerobic metal corrosion, water radiolysis and microbial reactions. Predicting gas flow in low-permeable, saturated materials is a challenging but important task in the risk assessment of a deep geological repository. Pressure build-up and gas migration in host rock and engineered barriers constitute a highly coupled hydro-mechanical (HM) process, and may contribute to the development of preferential gas pathways either by gas-induced micro-fracturing or macro-fracturing. In current numerical studies some behaviors still cannot be well represented, in particular, it is challenging to explain the gas migration behavior in the gas injection tests conducted on the clayey rock and barriers materials. Therefore, to better represent the actual physical process of gas flow, several modeling frameworks are proposed in the present thesis: single-phase gas flow (H2), two-phase water-gas multi-component flow (air, H2), and hydro-mechanical coupling (poro-elasticity). Two-phase gas-water flow in the waste cell model at different scales (a single waste cell contains several High Level Waste containers) is used here to quantitatively study transient hydraulic water-gas phenomena, such as gas pressure evolution and clayey rock desaturation. A wide range of scenarios and hypotheses is tested to assess significant differences between different scenarios in controlling gas migration and the transition from single phase water saturated conditions to two-phase and single phase gas. Although efficient in studying gas migration in presence of hydrogen only, the proposed models has presented a major limitation because of the difficulty in assessing gas phase evolution in presence of air. Multiphase flow of water with a gas phase (hydrogen and air) together with consideration of dissolved hydrogen, air and water vapor diffusion, is studied using equation of state EOS7R (water, brine, RN1, RN2, air) of the TOUGH2 family of codes. We have implemented code enhancements and post-processing scripts, which enhanced our capabilities in analyzing and interpreting results. A separate study of single phase gas flow was developed in order to assess analytically the sensitivity of gas flow phenomena to various rock parameters, including for instance the Klinkenberg effect due to gas slippage at low pressure in tight pores. Concerning the hydromechanical coupling, an extensive review was developed, including poroelastic coupling in the presence of gas. A linear poroelastic model based on Biot theory is studied and implemented in the Finite Elements software COMSOL Multiphysics. The coupling allows us to capture the interaction between fluid pressure variation and the stresses and strains in the porous rock (drained and undrained tests)
Kara, Sami. "Quantification des fractionnements physiques affectant le gaz naturel lors de sa migration dans les systèmes pétroliers : la modélisation du transport du méthane et du dioxyde de carbone par solubilisation/diffusion dans les milieux poreux." Paris 6, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA066465.
Full textAmrofel, Nathan. "Caractérisation numérique des phénomènes de couplage multiphysique sur la migration de gaz dans une roche argileuse saturée aux échelles mésoscopiques." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024LORR0101.
Full textIn a geological repository for radioactive waste, the corrosion of ferrous materials under anoxic conditions, coupled with the radioactive decay of the waste and radiolysis of water, will lead to the formation of hydrogen. A thorough understanding of the migration behavior of this gas is crucial for the reliability of long-term evolution prediction scenarios for such storage facilities. If the gas production rate exceeds the gas diffusion rate in the pores of the host rock, a distinct gas phase will form. Capillary forces opposing gas movement will lead to an increase in pressure until a critical value is reached, beyond which it may penetrate the surrounding material and move via advective processes. Various mechanisms specific to clay rocks and their nanoporous nature could, however, influence these visco-capillary flows. Firstly, mass transfer mechanisms are established at the water/gas interfaces leading to evaporation (or capillary recondensation under certain conditions) and promoting the formation of preferential flow paths, accentuated by the Kelvin effect in nanopores. Given the high pressures generated, gas percolation also results in dilation of the percolating pathways, potentially leading to localized displacement of water away from these pathways due to compression of the clay matrix. These phenomena of opening percolating pathways (micro-cracking) in turn cause damage and degradation of the rock's mechanical properties. If pressure continues to rise, tension fractures develop similarly to those observed in hydraulic fracturing. Concurrently, in clayey environments like the Callovo-Oxfordian (COx) argillite, pore water contains dissolved ions and thus forms an electrolyte. Due to the electric charges present in clay layers, the ion concentration density near solid/liquid interfaces becomes heterogeneous, and the electrolyte is no longer electrically neutral (electrical double layer). Flows in this case are more complex as couplings appear between the solvent's dynamics and that of the ions. Indeed, when the fluid is subjected to an electric field, although the solvent is neutral, hydraulic flow is observed. This mechanism, called electro-osmosis, is particularly important in the context of radioactive waste storage due to the introduction of ionic radionuclides into the geological layer, which would add to the ions naturally dissolved in pore water. In the context of this thesis, we have developed various mesoscopic models capable of accounting for these couplings, whether they are HydroChemical (evaporation), HydroMechanical (HM), or ElectroKinetic (EK) during flow and transport simulation to study the impact of these couplings on gas migration. Two numerical methods have been used to develop these models: an SPH approach for characterizing evaporation and mechanical damage processes and an LBM approach for studying electro-osmosis mechanisms
Baudet, Christophe. "Dispersion en milieu poreux effets hydrodynamiques locaux /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37602630f.
Full textGuellouz, Sami. "Modélisation de la migration de colloïdes dans un milieu poreux." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 1994. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00529457.
Full textGuellouz, Sami. "Modélisation de la migration de colloïdes dans un milieu poreux." Phd thesis, Marne-la-vallée, ENPC, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ENPC9431.
Full textSerres, Marion. "Étude hydrodynamique d'un écoulement gaz-liquide dans un milieu poreux confiné." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSEN018/document.
Full textThis thesis focuses on gas-liquid flow in porous media, a common problem encountered in various domains from fundamental physics to applied chemical engineering. We have characterized the hydrodynamic regimes based on two different experimental devices geometry: a millichannel (1D flow) and a Hele-Shaw cell (2D flow). The originality of this work is to analyze the influence of the porous medium (monodisperse micro-packed beds or open cell solid foams), confinement (1D/2D) and gravity by coupling global and local analysis from either chemical engineering or fundamental physics community. On the one hand, a global analysis made it possible to quantify pressure drops, residence time distributions (RTD) based on fluorescent dye transport and gas-liquid mass transfer on the 1D device. On the other hand, a local analysis of the liquid fraction and the spatio-temporal evolution of its frequency pointed out the existence of two hydrodynamic regimes: a Taylor-like regime in which the characteristics of the periodic flow upstream are conserved in the porous medium and a modulated regime characterized by the flow disorganization at the porous medium entrance. A phenomenological model is developed based on bubbles propagation inside the medium and reproduces well both regimes. These two analyses are finally coupled to study multiphase flows inside the Hele-Shaw cell. The effects of gravity and confinement are discussed
Chraïbi, Mehdi. "Modélisation de l'expansion de gaz dissous dans les huiles lourdes en milieu poreux." Paris 6, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA066026.
Full textAmiell, Patrick. "Ecoulements diphasiques gaz-liquide en milieu poreux : etude sur modele physique d'aquifere monoclinal." Paris, ENMP, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988ENMP0101.
Full textAmiell, Patrick. "Ecoulements diphasiques gaz-liquide en milieu poreux étude sur modèle physique d'aquifère monoclinal /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376113072.
Full textAlhaddad, Samiara. "Migration de matières solides dans un milieu poreux : caractérisation de l'érosion interne." Le Havre, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LEHA0008.
Full textThis research work aims to improve knowledge and to better understand the dynamics of internal erosion in soils by suffusion. Internal erosion is defined as migration of particles under the effect of subterranean hydraulic flow. The migration of the constituent elements of soil from the structure causes modification of hydraulic and mechanical characteristics of the structure. Thus, a modification in the permeability of the structure can create a loss of seal or pores pressure that can eventually lead to failure of the structure. The experimental study of the initiation and development of internal erosion by suffusion are conducted using reconstituted soils in columns with rigid walls. The primary objective is to identify and evaluate the influence of various parameters that control spatial and temporal responses of reconstituted soils subjected to flow. The parameters studied are hydraulic conditions, forms and sizes of grains constituting the granular matrix, type and size and the percentage of fines. The internal erosion is quantified by tracking the evolution of hydraulic characteristics and the quantitative and qualitative characterization of suspended particles evacuated. Mathematical models are employed to study the effect of different test parameters on the wrenching and draining of fine particles and to estimate the mass eroded
Béchaud, Céline. "Modélisation numérique de l'adsorption et de la dispersion d'un gaz binaire en milieu poreux." Bordeaux 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998BOR10576.
Full textGrall, Véronique. "Étude expérimentale d'écoulements diphasiques liquide-gaz en mini-canaux et en milieu poreux modèle." Toulouse, INPT, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001INPT033H.
Full textNoulis, Apostolos. "Étude physico-chimique des mousses : formulation, rhéologie et écoulement en milieu poreux." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NAN10349.
Full textDonero, Laeticia. "Développement de micro-capteur et de nano-matériaux pour des applications de détection en milieu liquide." Thesis, Nantes, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NANT4003/document.
Full textThis thesis is carried out within the framework of a partnership between two laboratories: IMN (Institute of Materials of Nantes), specialized in the elaboration of materials and IETR (Institute of Electronics and Telecommunications) specialized in microtechnologies and microsensors. The objective of this work is to develop original microsensors integrating nanomaterials, in order to obtain charge sensors with high sensitivities, especially in liquid media. The microsensors developed at the IETR are based on "bottom gate" and dual gate field effect transistors. Initially, we focused on the optimization of the technological process of the sensors to obtain the best electrical characteristics for our applications. Detection measurements using different pHs are explored. A second part of the project, carried out at the IMN, was the development of nanomaterials: carbon nanotubes and nanoporous carbon thin films. The studies have focused on the growth of carbon nanotubes deposited by PECVD and on the development of nanoporous layers. The last layers are obtained by depositing copper / carbon composite thin films by magnetron cathodic cosputtering followed by chemical etching of the copper. Subsequently, preliminary tests of integration of these carbon nanomaterials as well as of silicon nanowires were carried out to confirm the compatibility of the synthesis processes with the operation of the device
Rambaud, Guillaume. "Problématique des transferts en milieu poreux réactif déformable pour procédés de rafraîchissement solaire." Perpignan, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PERP0934.
Full textThermochemical heat transformers can be used for solar air-conditioning for individual dwelling. For safety and environmental reasons, solid gas reactions involving water are very interesting, but the working pressure is rather low (30 mbar) and could lead to a strong mass transfer limitation through the porous reactive bed. Therefore, heat and mass transfers have to be carefully characterized in such reactive bed at low pressure. Besides, the swelling and shrinking of the reactive salt modify the porous media matrix. The whole set of transfer coefficients were identified on the same sample in a single characterisation apparatus at the end of syntheses and decompositions. During these reactions, the overall kinetics and the swelling/shrinking porous media were measured. The modelling of the solid/gas reaction allowed us to estimate the cooling power and heating power of a thermochemical heat transformer
BONNEFOY, Olivier. "Influence des cristaux d'hydrates de gaz ou de glace sur la perméabilité d'un milieu poreux." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00009658.
Full textLa deuxième partie est consacrée aux expériences. Leur but est de mesurer la perméabilité d'un sédiment contenant des cristaux. Pour nous rapprocher des conditions géologiques naturelles, les cristaux sont réalisés en l'absence de phase gazeuse. Il s'avère que les hydrates se forment de manière très hétérogène dans le milieu poreux et ceci rend les mesures non représentatives. Nous pensons que ce résultat est général et qu'à l'échelle de temps du laboratoire, la formation d'hydrates de gaz répartis uniformément dans un milieu poreux est très difficile. Pour contourner cette difficulté, nous montrons de manière théorique que les cristaux de glace ont un comportement analogue aux cristaux d'hydrate (du point de vue des forces de Van der Waals qui gouvernent l'agglomération). Ceci nous permet de calculer la constante de Hamaker des hydrates. La deuxième série d'expériences s'intéresse donc à la perméabilité d'un milieu poreux non consolidé et sous contrainte dont les pores sont occupés par des cristaux de glace. Deux populations de grains de silice sont utilisées pour former le milieu poreux : 3 mm et 200 microns. Avec les gros grains, les résultats font apparaître deux seuils : pour des saturations plus faibles que le seuil inférieur, la présence des cristaux n'affecte pas la perméabilité. Pour des saturations plus grandes que le seul supérieur, la perméabilité est quasiment nulle (phénomène de percolation). Entre les deux, la perméabilité décroît exponentiellement en fonction de la saturation. Avec les grains fins, la perméabilité décroît avec la même vitesse.
La dernière partie est une étude numérique sur le champ Mallik. Après avoir posé les équations décrivant les transferts massiques et de chaleur dans l'espace et au cours du temps, nous étudions un cas limite unidimensionnel. Ceci nous permet de voir l'influence de la courbe 'Perméabilité = f(saturation)' obtenue expérimentalement sur la quantité de gaz produite. Le code proposé permet également d'évaluer différents scénarios de production, dont la dépressurisation assistée par formation de glace.
Gauthier, Ségolène. "Contribution à l'étude de la combustion de mélanges gaz naturel-hydrogène en milieu poreux catalytique." Lyon, INSA, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ISAL0050.
Full textIn the present context of environmental problems and the limited disponibility of fossils ressources, we need to develop burners with high efficiency and low pollutants emissions, and to use non-fossils ressources. This study deals with the combustion of natural gas/hydrogen mixtures in catalytic porous media. Indeed, porous radiant burners can show high efficiency and low pollutants emissions. Their behavior is however complex and can be highly affected by the use of hydrogen. The objective of this thesis is to study the behavior of a porous radiant burner made of a foam, catalysed or not, and to understand the physical phenomenas. Then, the influence of the structure and the nature of the porous media is studied in order to optimise the burner. Experimental tests on four different foams and for mixtures containing 100% vol. Of natural gas to 100% vol. Of hydrogen have been made. The working zones for each support have been identified. The use of hydrogen reduces the working zone of the burner. A numerical model has been developped. It can reproduce the experimental working diagrams and reproduces the evolution of the pollutants emissions with the equivalence ratio, the specific power and the quantity of hydrogen. The phenomenas in the burner are highly coupled. They affect the position of the combustion zone and then the efficiency of the burner. The decrease of the thermal conductivity, the heat transfer between the gas phase and the solid phase and the absorption coefficient induce a decrease of the pollutants emissions as well as an increase of the radiative flux. Their change is however limited by a decrease of the ability of the burner to prevent a flashback
Bonnefoy, Olivier. "Influence de cristaux d'hydrates de gaz ou de glace sur la perméabilité d'un milieu poreux." Saint-Etienne, EMSE, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00009658.
Full textThe first part is a bibliographic study. We study the conditions for thermodynamic equilibrium of the hydrates as a bulk medium and the composition of the liquid and solid phases. We then describe the basics of fluid dynamics in a porous medium. Eventually, we merge the two approaches and study the influence of the porous medium on the hydrate stability. An off-shore hydrate field (Blake Ridge) and an on-shore field (Mallik) are precisely described. The latter will be used as a reference case for subsequent numerical simulations. The second part is devoted to the experiments. Their goal is to measure the permeability of a sediment containing crystals. To get closer to natural geologic conditions, crystals are synthesized in absence of free gas. It turns out that hydrates form in a very heterogeneous way in the porous medium, which makes the measurements non representative. We believe that this result has a general character and that, at the laboratory time-scale, it is difficult, to say the least to achieve a uniform distribution of gas hydrates grown from dissolved gas. To circumvene this difficulty, we show, with a theoretical approach, that ice crystals behave much the same way as the hydrate crystals, concerning the Van der Waals forces that govern the agglomeration. This allows us to calculate the Hamaker constant of the hydrates. The second serie of experiments focuses on the permeability of a non consolidated porous medium under mechanical stress, where the pores are filled with ice crystals. Two silica beads populations are used to form a porous medium : 3 mm and 0,2 mm. With the large grains, results show two thresholds : for saturations below the lower threshold, the presence of crystals does not modify the permeability. For saturations above the upper threshold, the permeability vanishes almost completely (percolation phenomenon). Between these two limits, the permeability decreases exponentially with the saturation. With the fine grains, the permeability decreases with the same rate. The last part concerns the numerical study of the Mallik field. We write the equations describing the heat and mass transfers as a function of space and time. Then, we study a one-dimensional limiting case. This allows us to evaluate the influence of the experimentally obtained “Permeability = f(saturation)” curve on the amount of produced gas. The proposed code gives a way to assess different production scenario, as the pressure reduction enhanced by ice formation
Guerry, Emmanuel. "Migration de macromolécules dans un milieu poreux : application au séquençage de l'ADN par électrophorèse." Paris 11, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA112548.
Full textMorelon, Isabelle. "Dispersion d'une solution micellaire de tensio-actif au cours de sa migration en milieu poreux." Rueil-Malmaison : Paris : Institut français du pétrole ; diffusion Technip, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb34874099m.
Full textWilbois, Boris. "Modèle macroscopique d'écoulements de fluides multiconstituants en milieu poreux applicable aux gisements pétroliers." Bordeaux 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BOR12773.
Full textFrançois, Marie. "Approche expérimentale d’écoulement gaz/liquide en milieu poreux modèle : application aux lits fixes pour la catalyse hétérogène." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0216/document.
Full textHeterogeneously catalyzed reactions involving a gas and a liquid phase are frequently achieved in fixed bed reactors. These reactors can be described as a porous medium. The complex nature of this medium makes the understanding of the interplay between phases difficult, and requires a thorough study at the global andlocal scale to identify the key parameters of hydrodynamics, mass and heat transfers. Therefore, we have developed a miniaturized two-dimensional system that is transparent to allow the direct observation of the flow with very high spatial and temporal resolution. While varying the total flow rate and the gas/liquid flow rate ratio, we observe the appearance of the trickle and the pulse flow regime, which can be observed in threedimensional beds. Thanks to some image analysis techniques, we are able to quantify and to map the local apparent liquid saturation and the morphology of the phases. Variances analysis allowed the study of the transition for different liquid properties. This approach allowed the comparison with the existing state of art, but also the study of the onset and propagation mechanisms of the instabilities during the transition. We report that the onset of instabilities responsible for the destabilization of the trickle flow regime occurs at a fixed Weber number. This indicates that the pulsed regime is due to the destabilization of the gas/liquid interface by inertial forces. Finally, a preliminary study of thermal transfers in the device was realized. The device was used to perform the exothermic hydrogenation of alpha-methylstyrene. A simple model is used to characterize the temperature increase in the device. Although this approach does not allow quantitative measurements, it opens up the perspective of monitoring thermal transfers with an infra-red camera
Jacobs, Albert. "Transport bactérien en milieu poreux : expérimentations et modélisation : migration de bactéries issues de boues de STEP." Avignon, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AVIG0610.
Full textThe study of bacterial transport in porous media is an important stake for the protection of ground water resources against microbial contaminations. Disposal of waste water plants effluents is an important source of pathogenic bacteria in the environment whose displacement in the ground may cause health concerns. The transport of a bacterium in a porous matrix is subjected to a competition between displacement, adhesion and blocking processes. Experiences with a broad range of bacteria with variable cellular surface properties revealed that the transport and adhesion behaviour is not identical for all the strains but depended on their respective hydrophobic and electrophoretic cell characteristics. Bacterial adhesion in porous media prevents their transport but is not an irreversible phenomenon. A model of bacterial transport in porous media able to reproduce correctly the experimental observations required to take into account two types of cell detachments: slow and fast. The cells retained by weak interactions (Lifshitz-van der Waals) can be detached by hydrodynamic forces or electrostatic repulsions whose range and intensity increase when the ionic force of a solution decreases. These results showed also that bacterial transport relied heavily on electrostatic interactions. Transport conditions are enhanced by higher electrostatic repulsions between cells and solid surface. In situ observations of Escherichia coli cells moving through pores highlighted the wedging of the bacterial cells by surface roughness and at zones of contact between porous media grains. In homogeneous mediums such as sand bacterial transport is mainly controlled by electrostatic interactions. However in heterogeneous mediums such as a soil hydrodynamics and porosity are more important. In particular for unsaturated soils where filtration of cells by small pores considerably reduces bacterial transport. The study of the fate in sand and soil media of bacterial communities from waste water plant sludge showed that faecal coliforms were among the species able to be transported. The results of this study made it possible to define safety rules related to waste water plants effluents spreading practices
Thebault, Jean-Frédéric. "Modélisation des transports de constituants intervenant dans les écoulements diphasiques gaz-eau en milieu poreux : application aux stockages de gaz naturel en nappe aquifère." Bordeaux 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BOR10523.
Full textGayet, Pascal. "Formation/dissociation d'hydrates de gaz en milieu poreux : effet de la capillarité sur les conditions d'équilibre P/T." Pau, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PAUU3011.
Full textGas hydrates are solid compounds that could be used as a thermal tracer for the oil or gas fields they recover. In order to do it, the P/T equilibrium conditions must be known accurately in porous medium. The work presented in this report is a contribution to the study of these conditions. Two experimental set-ups were built up. The first one, provided with a transparent cell, allows to visualize and measure equilibrium conditions of gas hydrates up to 0. 5 MPa. The second one, provided with a cell without any windows, allows to measure equilibrium conditions of gas hydrates up to 60 MPa. We checked that, in a bulk system, the use of a surfactant (SDS) accelerated hydrate formation. Their equilibrium conditions, measured and calculated, were in good agreement with literature data in the ranges 0. 2 – 0. 5 MPa for propane hydrate and 3 – 20 MPa for methane hydrate. We determined equilibrium conditions of methane hydrate, experimentally and theoretically, between 20 and 53 MPa, which completed literature data. We also checked that only mesoporous media (silica gels, clay) had an influence on equilibrium conditions of gas hydrates. They are shifted to lower temperatures and higher pressures and the smaller the mesopores, the higher the shift. On the basis of a modified van der Waals and Platteeux model, we demonstrated that shifts depended on the pore size distribution of the mesoporous systems
Charton, Sophie. "Étude et modélisation en régime transitoire d'un écoulement de gaz à haute pression dans un milieu poreux réactif." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPL012N.
Full textCayeux, de Sénarpont Marie-Dominique de. "Contribution a l'etude de la migration et de la retention de particules minerales dans un milieu poreux." Paris 7, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA077027.
Full textCayeux, de Sénarpont Marie-Dominique de. "Contribution à l'étude de la migration et de la rétention de particules minérales dans un milieu poreux." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37612551b.
Full textDridi, Wissem. "Couplage entre corrosion et comportement diphasique dans un milieu poreux : Application à l'évolution d'un stockage des déchets radioactifs." Phd thesis, Ecole des Ponts ParisTech, 2005. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001422.
Full textVu, Thai-Hoa. "Caractérisation de la phase solide et transferts de gaz dans les milieux poreux insaturés : étude expérimentale et modélisation appliquées à la diffusion de l'hydrogène dans les matériaux cimentaires." Toulouse, INSA, 2009. http://eprint.insa-toulouse.fr/archive/00000324/.
Full textThis thesis documents the relationship between the porous microstructure of cement based materials and theirs gaseous diffusivity properties relative to the aqueous phase location and the global saturation level of the material. The materials studied are cement pastes and mortars. To meet the thesis objective, the materials are characterized in detail by means of several experimental methods: mercury intrusion porosimetry, water porosimetry, thermoporometry, nitrogen sorption and water desorption. In addition, diffusion tests realized on materials maintained in controlled humidity chambers allow obtaining the effective hydrogen diffusivity as function of the microstructure and the saturation state of material with a gas chromatography. The experimental results are then used as a data base that is compared to a modeling approach. The model developed consists of a combination of ordinary diffusion (Fick regime) and Knudsen diffusion of hydrogen. The model also accounts for the effects of the liquid curtains, the impact of tortuosity on gas diffusion, and the saturation level of the porous system
El-Yousfi, Adel. "Contribution à l'étude des mécanismes de formation d'une phase gazeuse par détente d'une solution binaire (liquide-gaz) en milieu poreux." Toulouse, INPT, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992INPT004H.
Full textCamassel, Bruno. "Contribution à l'étude du changement de phase liquide-vapeur en milieu poreux." Toulouse 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU30157.
Full textPOT, VALERIE. "Etude microscopique du transport et du changement de phase en milieu poreux par la methode des gaz sur reseau." Paris 6, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA066233.
Full textDominguez, Armando. "Formation d'une phase gazeuse par décompression d'une solution binaire (liquide-gaz) en milieu poreux : étude expérimentale et modélisation sur milieux modèles." Toulouse, INPT, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPT027G.
Full textGarcia, Vindas José Ralph. "Transport du radon en milieu poreux (expérimentation et modélisation) : implication pour la réalisation et l'interprétation de mesures "in situ"." Montpellier 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999MON20003.
Full textCousin, Isabelle. "Reconstruction 3D apr coupes sériées et transport de gaz dans un milieu poreux : application à l'étude d'un sol argilo-limoneux." Orléans, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ORLE2029.
Full textBenkhalifa, Mohamed Tai͏̈eb. "Ecoulement visqueux de diffusion binaire dans un pore : application à la détermination du coefficient de diffusion équivalent dans un milieu poreux." Poitiers, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994POIT2327.
Full textMauran, Sylvain. "Flux de gaz en milieu poreux réactif déformable : relation entre texture, propriétés mécaniques et transferts : incidence sur la mise en oeuvre des réactifs et les performances de pompes à chaleur chimiques solide-gaz." Perpignan, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PERP0097.
Full textEmonet, Annelise. "Études expérimentale et numérique de la migration d'un polluant organique dans un milieu poreux homogène à saturation variable en eau." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003INPL028N.
Full textGirard, Coralie. "Modélisation par prise de moyenne volumique des phénomènes de transports en milieu poreux réactif : application au garnissage d’une colonne d’absorption gaz-liquide." Thesis, Pau, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PAUU3010/document.
Full textThe “Laboratoire de Thermique, Energétique et Procédés de Pau” works on the two following subjects, modeling of multifunctional reactor and modeling of transport in porous media. In this work, a general model of transport in multiphase multi component reactive porous media is developed and then applied to the specific case of reactive absorption in order to describe the phenomena which occur within the packing. Modeling begins with a classic description of each continuous phase through the equations of conservation of mass, momentum and energy. The fluid phases are multi component and reactive. Although mechanisms are perfectly described at this scale, the simulation imposes a homogenization by volume averaging. This change of scale leads to a set of equations at the local scale. The model is applied to the absorption of carbon dioxide in an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide within a packed column. Unsteady two-dimensional simulations provide local information about the process. The results obtained show a good agreement with the classical knowledge of reactive absorption mechanisms
Royer, Pascale. "Contribution de l'homogénéisation à l'étude de la filtration d'un gaz en milieu déformable à double porosité : application à l'étude du système gaz-charbon." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble ; 1971-2015), 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994GRE10186.
Full textZhang, Xiang. "Numerical simulation of gas migration properties in highly impermeable materials." Thesis, Lille 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL10099/document.
Full textThe feasibility study of long-term radioactive waste storage in COx argillite has been performed by considering various damage and failure scenarios. This study aims at the numerical investigation of gas (mainly produced by corrosion of metallic parts) migration properties through the low-permeable formation. Traditional methods, based on macroscopic approaches or homogeneous transport properties, are inappropriate to analyze this issue at the meso/microscopic scale. In this study, accurate porous space morphologies are constructed through union of excursions of Random Fields considering different experimental pore size distribution curves. Afterwards, morpho-mathematical operations are implemented for image filtering and analysis for the purpose of extraction of preferential gas transport pathways and prediction of gas entry pressure, gas breakthrough pressure and the following imbibition process
Postic, Marie. "Auto-organisation de matériaux multi-échelles par séchage : des mécanismes de retrait des ménisques dans un milieu poreux modèle à la cristallisation de nanoparticules." Rennes 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012REN1S127.
Full textThe multi-scale organization of materials can give them specific physical properties making them interesting devices for applications in many fields that include optics and bio-detection. It is possible to achieve a hierarchical organization of nanoparticles via the evaporation of a colloidal suspension on a micro-textured surface. This work focuses on the self-organization of multi-scale materials through the drying of complex fluids in a porous medium consisting of an assembly of regularly arranged micron-sized pillars. More specifically, we have studied experimentally the physical mechanisms behind the retraction of menisci that occurs during the drying of a solution of surfactants and leads to the formation of dried-liquid films between pillars. In addition, we have developed a simple model based on experimental observations that allows us to predict the evolution of most of the macroscopic features of the drying drop, that is, its area, its perimeter, and the morphology of the obtained films. Then, we studied the drying of suspensions containing quantum dots functionalized with amphiphilic molecules and we characterized the resulting material using several techniques, including small angle X-ray diffraction and optical microscopy. We conclude with a generalization of this technique to the drying of suspensions containing other particles such as gold nanorods and semiconducting nanorods
Philit, Sven. "Elaboration d'un modèle structural, pétrophysique et mécanique des failles en milieu gréseux poreux : implication pour la migration et le piégeage des fluides." Thesis, Montpellier, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017MONTT090/document.
Full textDeformation through cataclasis, which corresponds to grain crushing, is an effective process of porosity and permeability reduction in porous sandstones, classical aquifers and hydrocarbon reservoirs at depth. A major stake concerning the deformation in sandstone is to understand what processes govern the growth of the cataclastic structures and to recognize what parameters influence the expression of the deformation at microscopic scale and at basin scale.In this study, we focus on the analysis of cataclastic deformation band clusters in order to consider a significantly concentrated deformation regarding the potential of fluid flow baffling. We select seven study sites presenting clusters formed in extensional and contractional tectonics, under different Andersonian regimes, at various burial depths and in sandstones of varying lithologies. To complement the structural analysis, we use an analytical approach to estimate the stress-state evolution of the sandstones leading to deformation. Numerical modeling allows the analysis of the influence of physical parameters on the structuring of the deformation.We show that the position of failure along the failure envelope of the sandstone (which depends on its lithology) seems to determine the morphology of deformation. On the other hand, normal, strike-slip and thrust Andersonian regime clusters respectively seem to form frequently on the same part of the envelope.Normal regime clusters (favorably formed in extensional tectonics) have thin to medium thickness, with high band density and form, with other clusters, networks of km-scale length - often localized near a major fault. They are likely to baffle fluid flow. Strike-slip regime clusters (favorably formed in contractional tectonics) have medium thickness with medium band densities. Due to their sparseness, they seem unlikely to form a baffle for fluids. Thrust regime clusters (favorably formed in contractional tectonics) have medium thickness and medium band density if failure is attained on the brittle part of the envelope. They seem potentially thicker, with low band density and tend to form arrays of deformation bands if failure is attained on the cap of the envelope. Because they are short and sparse, they do not represent an effective baffle for fluid flow.We relate the process of cluster growth and their resulting morphology to the microscopic arrangement of the clasts in the deformed material. The minor compaction in the deformed material of normal and strike-slip regime clusters seems to be at the origin of the dense localization of the bands through the presence of weaker planes in the deformed material. For the same degree of deformation, the more compacted material in thrust regime clusters would favor the distribution of the bands.Faulting of normal regime clusters is enhanced by the presence of layers including weak minerals between the sandstones. These weak layers are responsible for the initiation and propagation of major slip-surfaces in the adjacent sandstone from small displacements. The initiation of major slip-surfaces is also favored when porous sandstone is juxtaposed with a hard lithology.We find that the quartz cementation of the most deformed parts of the clusters is common, even in clusters that were never buried below 800 m. This cementation is promoted by an intense degree of cataclasis, seems to form by “self-healing”, and may reduce the petrophysical properties of clusters
KABDI, ZACHARIA. "Solutions analytique et numerique des equations de transfert de chaleur en milieu poreux. Applications au stockage de la chaleur et au chauffage des gaz." Nice, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993NICE4606.
Full textPerraton, Daniel. "La perméabilité aux gaz des bétons hydrauliques." Toulouse, INSA, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992ISAT0044.
Full textFauré, Marie-Hélène. "Migration de particules et solutés en milieu poreux : modélisation du transport simultané de particules argileuses et de radionucléides sous l'effet d'un gradient de salinité." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994INPL046N.
Full textHarmand, Béatrice. "Contribution a la compréhension des processus de transport de colloïdes en milieu naturel poreux ou fracturé : application à la rétention de particules de latex dans un sable." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1996. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_1996_HARMAND_B.pdf.
Full textRiviere, Eric. "Sur la migration des composés hydrocarbones dans des mélanges complexes (huiles naturelles) par diffusion thermogravitationnelle en milieu poreux : étude expérimentale et état des modélisations." Toulouse 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991TOU30213.
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