To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Migration, immigration and emigration.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Migration, immigration and emigration'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Migration, immigration and emigration.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Eule, Tobias Georg. "Inside immigration law : decision-making and migration management in German immigration offices." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.610093.
Full text
2
Nkau, Dikeledi Johanna. "Cross-border migration to South Africa in the 1990's the case of Zimbabwean women /." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2003. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-03022004-111426/.
Full text
3
Ryan, Christopher J. "Migration, the World, and the Church: Transcending Citizenship with Ecclesial Vision." Thesis, Boston College, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:107477.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis advisor: O. Ernesto Valiente<br>Thesis advisor: Nancy Pineda-Madrid<br>This thesis begins with an introductory section situating migration in its historical, geographical, and sociological contexts, presenting it as a human phenomenon with economic, political, cultural, and legal attributes, influences, and effects that are felt strongly by individual migrants and the people with whom they come into contact along their journeys. Chapter 1 will present an overview of themes in social ethics pertinent to the issues associated with migration, particularly the impact of globalization and the experiences of families separated by migration. Case studies drawn from an earlier period of the author’s ministry will present typical scenarios highlighting the complex relationships and difficult decisions that develop as a result of migration policies that do not fully cohere with the economic rhythms of globalization, nor the considerations of human flourishing in stable family life. Chapter 2 will explore the political and legal aspects of citizenship, situating the conceptual basis of migration’s challenges on a global scale. This chapter will contrast this approach to citizenship with a Christian anthropology that asserts the dignity of all human beings, also in order to better examine the relationships between the phenomenon of migration, the Vatican II image of a pilgrim Church, and various words and actions from the papacy of Francis. Chapter 3 will present approaches to migration shaped by the perspective of practical theology, again using concrete experience to ground and elaborate upon relevant theories in the field. The focus here will be narrowed to address the Latin American migration corridor more specifically– flows from the “Northern Triangle” countries of El Salvador, Honduras, and Guatemala into and through Mexico towards the United States. Attention will be given to a variety of issues and experiences affecting migrants, as well as local residents, in Mexico and along the Mexico United States border. Special attention will be given here to the author’s five-week journey with fellow Jesuits along the Mexican migration corridor in summer 2015. Building upon these foundations, the concluding section will review and summarize the main argument of the thesis and present a hopeful vision for resolving the contentious elements of the "migration crisis” through attention to signs of faith and images of the Church revealed in the phenomenon of migration. Seen from this perspective, engagement with migrants at all points along their journey will be guided by a renewed sense of our common human pilgrimage toward greater flourishing, justice, and peace for all peoples of the world<br>Thesis (STL) — Boston College, 2017<br>Submitted to: Boston College. School of Theology and Ministry<br>Discipline: Sacred Theology
4
King, Karen Margaret Newbold K. Bruce. "International and internal migration dynamics of Canadian immigrants subsequent migrations and intermediate destinations /." *McMaster only, 2006.
Find full text
5
Ma, Sandra Ai-hsuan. "Contextualizing migration decisions migration decision making of Chinese and Taiwanese scientists in the U.S. /." access full-text online access from Digital dissertation consortium, 1999. http://libweb.cityu.edu.hk/cgi-bin/er/db/ddcdiss.pl?9938482.
Full text
6
Ivanova, Tatiana V. "Immigration policy in the U.S. and trends in international migration." Instructions for remote access. Click here to access this electronic resource. Access available to Kutztown University faculty, staff, and students only, 1999. http://www.kutztown.edu/library/services/remote_access.asp.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.P.A.)--Kutztown University of Pennsylvania, 1999.<br>Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 45-06, page: 2944. Typescript. Abstract precedes thesis as preliminary leaves. Includes bibliographical references.
7
Scott, Petrocelli D. "Mexican migration assessing the root causes." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2007. http://bosun.nps.edu/uhtbin/hyperion-image.exe/07Jun%5FScott.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.A. in National Security Affairs)--Naval Postgraduate School, June 2007.<br>Thesis Advisor(s): Harold Trinkunas, Jeanne Giraldo. "June 2007." Includes bibliographical references (p. 63-67). Also available in print.
8
Kóczán, Zsóka. "Essays in the economics of migration." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.648797.
Full text
9
Guo, Jing. "The regulation of international irregular migration : a study of irregular migration from China to USA and the role of international norms." Thesis, University of Macau, 2008. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b1880485.
Full text
10
Johnstone, Julia. "Consequences of ethnic conflict : explaining refugee movements in the Southeast Asia/Pacific Region /." Saarbrücken, Germany : VDM Verlag Dr. Müller, 2008. http://library.canterbury.ac.nz/etd/adt-NZCU20060830.124838.
Full text
11
Slaymaker, Rachel. "Essays on international migration." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2018. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/50664/.
Full textAbstract:
Immigration has become an increasingly salient issue across Europe in recent years. However, much of the existing economics literature focuses on the impact of immigration on labour markets. In order to gain a more complete understanding of the impact of immigration on a host country, it is important to take a broader perspective. In this thesis we investigate some of the wider effects of immigration on host countries and their native citizens. The thesis contains three self-contained chapters, each of which tries to establish the causal effects of immigration on a separate socio-economic aspect of the host country. Chapter 2 investigates the causal link between migration and trade flows. We exploit the large, exogenous increase in migrants to the UK as a result of the 2004 EU enlargement. In contrast to the standard gravity model approach, we use a difference-in-differences estimation strategy, which enables us to compare changes in UK trade flows with accession countries to changes in UK trade flows with other central and eastern European countries. At the product level, separating goods according to their informational content using the classification put forward by Rauch (1999), we find evidence that UK imports from accession countries increased, and that this was driven by differentiated goods. In Chapter 3 we investigate whether the proportion of migrants in a local area affects the success of an anti-immigration political party. Using Swedish municipality-level data, we focus on the impact of large inflows of migrants, many of whom were refugees, from non-OECD countries in the 1980s and 1990s. In order to address concerns over the endogeneity of migrant location, we exploit a refugee placement policy which aimed to disperse refugees across the country. Initial OLS estimates suggest that a one percentage point increase in the migrant share is associated with a 0.28 percentage point increase in the New Democracy vote share. However, we do not find evidence of a positive relationship between the arrival of refugees and the New Democracy vote share in our 2SLS estimation. Further analysis suggests that our OLS results are driven by municipalities surrounding the three major urban areas of Stockholm, Gothenburg and Malmo. In addition, we find no evidence that natives responded to an influx of migrants by relocating to another area. In Chapter 4 we examine the relationship between immigration and house prices. Focusing on the case of England and Wales, we exploit variation in migrant inflows across local authority districts to identify the effects of migration on changes in house prices. We build on existing papers by conducting the analysis at the local authority district level which enables us to better account for unobserved local level characteristics. In addition, we then exploit data on the postcode of each individual housing transaction in an attempt to better control for housing quality. In our OLS specifications we find no conclusive evidence of any relationship between migrant inflows and changes in house prices. We then address endogeneity concerns by using an instrument based on historical settlement patterns. Although our 2SLS estimates suggest that a 1% increase in the migrant share is associated with a 2.4% fall in house prices, we show that this effect is driven by local authorities in London, and that our instrument based on historical migrant settlement patterns is weak and fails to fulfil the relevance requirement for local authorities outside of London. These findings cast doubt over the suitability of the shift-share instrument for addressing endogeneity concerns in this setting.
12
Gammoudi, Taoufik. "Emigration, immigration et développement dans l’île de Djerba (Sud-Est tunisien)." Paris 5, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA05H031.
Full textAbstract:
Les migrations, internes et internationales, étaient et restent l’une des stratégies d'adaptation des populations du sud-est tunisien face aux difficultés socioéconomiques et écologiques. Ainsi, l’île de Djerba est célèbre par la diversité de ses flux migratoires, qu’il s’agisse des émigrants djerbiens en France et vers Tunis comme des immigrants à Djerba en provenance de toutes les régions de la Tunisie, notamment du Sud-Est. Sur la base de méthodes quantitatives et qualitatives et grâce à un important travail de terrain mené à Djerba, à Tunis et en France, l’objet de cette thèse est de mieux comprendre ces flux migratoires croisés, à travers leurs modes de fonctionnement et d’organisation ainsi que leur impact sur le développement des régions d’origine et sur le bien-être des ménages. Ce travail a apporté les résultats suivants : la migration individuelle historique des chefs des ménages permet de mieux comprendre la situation migratoire actuelle ; l’émigration des Djerbiens vers la France s’est accrue grâce aux réseaux migratoires et au regroupement familial ; le regroupement familial a permis de renforcer à la fois l’émigration des Djerbiens vers Tunis et l’immigration des habitants du Sud-Est tunisien vers Djerba ; Djerba est à la fois un pôle d'immigration et un relais pour l'émigration vers l’étranger ; l’immigration interne à Djerba est liée à l’émigration internationale et vers la capitale des Djerbiens ; les transferts monétaires issus de la migration ont joué un rôle direct secondaire dans le développement du secteur productif des régions d’origine mais ont permis une nette amélioration du niveau de vie et du bien-être des ménages<br>The internal and international migration, were and remain one of the adaption strategies of people in the South-East of Tunisia face the socio-economic and the ecological difficulties. Djerba is famous for its diversity of migration flows; whether the Djerbian emigrants to France and Tunis and the immigrants to Djerba from all regions of Tunisia, including the South-East. Based on quantitative and qualitative methods and through an important fieldwork in Djerba, Tunisia and France, the subject of this thesis is to better understand these migration cross-flows through their ways of operating and organization and their impact on the development of regions of origin and the households well being. This work gave the following results: The individual migration history of heads of households let to better understand the current migration situation; The Djerbians emigration to France has increased due to migration networks and family reunification; The family reunification has strengthened both the emigration of Djerbians to Tunis and the immigration of people in South East of Tunisia to Djerba; Djerba is both a center of immigration and a relay for emigration to other countries; The internal migration in Djerba is linked to the internal and international migration of Djerbians; Money transfers from migrant have a secondary role in the development of the productive sector of the regions of origin but also has important effects in ameliorating the living and well being of the households
13
Chowdhury, Mehdi Mahmud. "Essays on international migration." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2011. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/12013/.
Full textAbstract:
In recent time efforts are observed in re-evaluating the linkage between economic development and international migration. The thesis can be considered as an attempt to add something to those efforts. In this thesis we mainly analyse the effects of competition among the countries in international labour market and effects of migration on the research activities of firms. As appeared, these two issues so far have not received much attention of economic literature. We analyse the above mentioned two issues in chapters 4, 5 and 6 of the thesis. Before conducting the main analysis of the thesis, we have explored available data and literature on international migration in chapter 2 and 3. The two chapters were designed to give a global overview of international migration. In chapter 2 we have discussed about international migration using available statistics obtained from secondary sources. The data shows a steady but relatively slow growth rate of world migration since the World War Two. It has however been observed that migration of educated people has increased in recent times. We also have observed that remittances as a percentage of GDP and export are very high in many countries which confirm the importance of remittances. The data also shows that proximity of a wealthy country is an important determinant of international migration destination. In chapter 3 we have reviewed some issues of international migration. The discussion has covered the issues like the determinants of international migration, performance of migrants and consequences of migration in host country, ‘Brain Drain’ or ‘Brain Gain’, migration, remittances and economic development, initiatives of international bodies in international migration. Temporary migration has received special attention in the discussion. Many insights of the research conducted in the thesis have come directly from the reviews conducted in chapter 3. Chapter 4 and 5 set up models where two countries are engaged in competition with each other in sending people aboard. The competition in international labour market is immensely important in many developing countries. Many countries are highly dependent on the remittances thus competing with other countries in sending people to work abroad. These competitions play an active role in intergovernmental negotiations as the countries require to balance between ‘promotion’ of overseas employment and ‘protection’ of migrants. Within economic literature we have not seen efforts to model this competition of labour exporting countries. Chapter 4 has modelled a situation where two exporting countries send labour to a third country. This chapter assumes unskilled migration as such labour migration is entirely controlled by the respective governments. The governments want to send labour to get remittances in return thus engage in a Cournot-type competition with the other labour exporting country. The importing country on the other hand acts as a Stackelberg leader as it sets up its immigration tax policies by moving first. We have observed that the labour importer uses discriminatory tax policies for the different labour exporting countries to fulfil its national objective. The tax rate is higher for the country with higher labour endowment. Chapter 5 has adopted a similar model as chapter 4. However the assumption of unskilled migration has been replaced by the assumption of skilled migration. It is thus assumed that migrants do not need governments’ assistance to migrate or governments are not in a position to control migration. Thus they use taxes to control migration and maximise national income. In this regard the exporting countries engage in Bertrand type competition with each other in setting emigration tax rate. We have found that skilled migrants should be taxed by the exporting countries to maximise national income. The importing country again resorts to the discriminatory tax policy as obtained in chapter 4. The tax rate is as before higher for the country with higher labour endowment The analysis of chapter 6 can be linked with the recent literature of ‘Brain Drain’. We have assumed a model where two countries are engaged in strategic trade with each other. We have then analysed effects of labour market openness and migration on research and development of countries. It is assumed that the wage rates of one country is higher than the other country’s which gives the rationale for migration. With the opening up of labour market and threat of possible migration, wage rates of both skilled people who conduct research and unskilled people who conduct production fall. We have analysed mainly three cases – (1) only labour-importing country conducts R&D, (2) only labour exporting country conducts R&D and (3) both countries conduct R&D simultaneously. The analysis shows that the possibility of migration of only skilled people always increases R&D. It also increases welfare by reducing the price of output. However the migration of unskilled people may not always increase welfare. We expect that the analysis done in the thesis will be able to provide some guidelines in migration policy making. Firstly we observe no strong coalition among the labour sending countries to manage and control international migration, though labour importing countries are to some extent managing migration jointly. This thesis along with any possible future work may provide guidance in joint management of international migration by the exporting countries. Secondly, many exporting countries are subsidising skilled migration by providing training and other supports. The thesis is suggesting that labour exporting countries should tax the skilled migrants. In this regard the issue of skilled migration may need re-evaluation. Thirdly, the thesis is pointing towards some possible gains from skilled migration through increased research and development. This position is to some extent at a par with the literature of ‘Brain Drain’ that pointed towards the beneficial effects of skilled migration. In summary it appears that we have obtained some interesting results in the analysis done in the thesis. We hope that they will be proved useful in migration policies and will contribute in future progress of both developed and developing countries.
14
Mesnard, Alice. "Migration internationale : accumulation d'épargne et retour des travailleurs." Paris, EHESS, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999EHESA026.
Full textAbstract:
Cette these repond a la question: peut-on expliquer les flux migratoires par l'accumulation du capital lorsque la mobilite du capital est liee a celle du travail? en repondant a cette question, cette these presente une analyse micro-economique reposant sur un test econometrique et une analyse macro-economique des consequences economiques de cette hypothese. Dans une analyse micro-economique reposant sur l'observation empirique des flux migratoires des travailleurs tunisiens, la premiere partie explique la migration-retour par l'accumulation d'epargne necessaire pour investir dans les pays ou le marche du capital est peu developpe. Le modele du chapitre 2 souligne le role de l'accumulation de l'epargne dans le choix d'activite apres le retour et celui de la duree optimale de migration. Lorsque les banques exigent une garantie a leurs emprunteurs, nous analysons les effets d'une augmentation du salaire dans le pays de migration et d'origine ainsi que de cette garantie. Le test econometrique du chapitre 3 montre, conformement au modele theorique, que l'epargne accumulee a l'etranger determine le choix d'activite au retour en tunisie. Dans une analyse macro-economique, le chapitre 5 montre que la migration-retour peut sortir une petite economie ouverte d'un piege de la pauvrete. L'accumulation du capital a travers la migration temporaire donne acces a la petite entreprise individuelle apres le retour. En modifiant l'equilibre du marche du travail, elle a des effets de long terme sur la distribution de richesse. Puis le chapitre 6 s'interroge sur l'evolution, apres l'ouverture des frontieres, du bienetre des travailleurs prenant en compte a la fois la remuneration du travail et du capital. Dans un modele a generations imbriquees a deux pays, l'hypothese d'altruisme introduit un lien entre la mobilite du travail et du capital, ce qui modifie les conclusions de la litterature: il n'y a plus d'amelioration paretienne a l'equilibre migratoire<br>This thesis analyses the role of capital accumulation in affecting international migration when capital and labour mobility are linked. To do so, it develops both a microeconomic and a macroeconomic analysis. The first part examines how a worker's desire to accumulate savings to invest in his country of origin may lead to temporary migration. Chapter 1 provides a literature survey on the decision to return. Chapter 2 develops a micro-economic model premised on the assumptions of country specific worker preferences and capital market imperfections. Workers simultaneously choose their migration duration and their occupational choice after return. The effects of a wage increase in origin and destination countries, and of changes in the collateral required by banks to invest in the country of origin are analysed. Chapter 3 provides an empirical analysis on the return-migration of tunisian workers with survey data from the arab league. In line with the theoretical model's predictions, it is found that savings accumulated during migration determine tunisian workers occupational choice on return. The second part provides a theoretical analysis of the macro-economic consequences of linked labour and capital mobility. Chapter 5 shows that with imperfect capital markets, saving accumulation by migrant workers may provide them access to entrepreneurship on return. Hence, by affecting the labour market equilibrium, temporary migration has long run effects on wealth distribution. Importantly, return-migration can lead a small open economy out of a development trap. Chapter 6 analyses international migration in a two-country overlapping generations model. The main assumption that individuals are heterogenous in their degree of altruism within and across countries introduces a link between capital and labour mobility. This is as individuals migrate with the capital inherited from their parents. It is shown that bilateral migration flows are not pareto improving
15
James, Pamela. "Differing patterns of international migration in Southern Africa: A regional analysis." University of the Western Cape, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/8116.
Full textAbstract:
Magister Philosophiae - MPhil<br>The study analyses the changing patterns of international migration within the Southern African region. Topics surrounding migration are rapidly gaining importance, especially in the context of regional integration. Past research has focused primarily on South African migration, neglecting or, rather, paying less attention to the migration within other countries in the Southern African region. This study includes all the migration trends across the countries in Southern Africa while discussing contemporary migration trends within Southern Africa.
16
Lu, Chien-yi. "Harmonization of migration policies in the European Union : a state-centric or institutionalist explanation? /." Digital version accessible at:, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
Full text
17
Lorenz, Melanie Simone. "Emigrants, Immigrants and the State: The role of Individual States in Fostering Migration - A Swiss and American Case Study." Thesis, Boston College, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:108834.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis advisor: Heather Cox Richardson<br>Thesis advisor: Marilynn Johnson<br>Emigrants, Immigrants and the State: The Role of Individual States in Fostering Migration – A Swiss and American Case Study analyzes the role that individual American states (in opposition to the nation state) played in fostering migration during the long nineteenth century. The paper argues that individual states played a crucial role in fostering migration because of different economic challenges and that in order to create a more complex, and more inclusive narrative of American immigration history, scholars must pay closer attention to the individual states in Europe and the United States. Emigrants, Immigrants and the State uses a variety of primary source documents from Switzerland and the United States and provides two case studies that explain the different economic reasons that induced states to foster migration, and the ways in which they did it. The main goal of transnational state migration authorities was to provide migrants with information, financial and organizational resources, and protection along their journey. In order to achieve their goals they cooperated with different migration agencies, corporate entities, migrant aid societies, and previous migrants. The beginning of the twentieth century brought on a lot change. The Swiss federal government took on the matter of regulating emigration, and thus the Swiss cantons’ involvement became less important. In the United States, the beginning of the twentieth century brought on the rise of nativism, and eventually the federal government took control of immigration and implemented a growing number of restrictive policies. Nevertheless, the states continued to play an important but somewhat different role in migration. While some US states focused on Americanization, other American states continued to promote immigration but became more selective. In other states, such as Wisconsin, immigrant colonies and immigrant groups were able to resist the Americanization efforts<br>Thesis (MA) — Boston College, 2019<br>Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences<br>Discipline: History
18
Testaverde, Mauro. "Emigration and political institutions in sending countries." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2013. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/354725/.
Full text
19
Telli, Anvernali Henry. "Empirical essays on determinants of, and attitudes towards, immigration." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2011. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/13922/.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis brings together three independent empirical essays which focus on the determinants of individual attitudes towards immigration and the determinants of migrant flows from developing countries to developed countries. The first essay looks at what happens to migrant flows from poor countries as they experience economic development. It examines the relationship between economic development in poor migrant-sending countries and migrant flows from those countries to developed countries, using the UK as a case study. The analysis in this essay relies on UK immigration data from 1973-2005 for 48 developing countries in Africa, Asia and Central and South America. The conclusion from this essay is that there is an inverse If-shape relationship between economic development and the migrant flows from developing countries to the UK, though this relationship is sensitive to aggregation of countries The second essay undertakes a comparative empirical analysis of the relative importance of the impact of economic and cultural concerns on individual attitudes towards immigration. Using data from the fourth round of the European Social Survey the study shows that there is no robust evidence to support the widely held view that economic concerns are more important than cultural concerns in shaping individual attitudes towards immigration. In the third essay a series of analyses are undertaken: first, to examine the extent to which attitudes towards immigration are determined by individual concerns about how immigration affects the welfare state; and second, to evaluate the individual characteristics that shape their subjective views regarding the effects of immigrants on the welfare state. With evidence based on the European Social Survey, the study finds that welfare state concerns are positive and robust determinants of individual attitudes towards predominantly unskilled immigration. It also finds that, older retired individuals are more likely than young or middle-aged individuals to have pessimistic views regarding the effects of immigrants on the welfare state. Hence they are also more likely to oppose immigration. By contrast, skilled individuals are more likely to have optimistic views and hence more likely to have pro-immigration attitudes than unskilled individuals.
20
Laas, Matthias. "Die Entstehung eines europäischen Migrationsverwaltungsraumes : eine Untersuchung aus der Perspektive des deutschen und des spanischen Rechts /." Baden-Baden : Nomos, 2008. http://d-nb.info/990129837/04.
Full text
21
Biernbaum, Lee L. "Toward a common market in residency international migration and regional integration /." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4271.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.A.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2005.<br>The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file viewed on (July 13, 2006) Includes bibliographical references.
22
Abel, Guy J. "International migration flow table estimation." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2009. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/69577/.
Full textAbstract:
A methodology is developed to estimate comparable international migration flows between a set of countries. International migration flow data may be missing, reported by the sending country, reported by the receiving country or reported by both the sending and receiving countries. For the last situation, reported counts rarely match due to differences in defnitions and data collection systems. In this thesis, reported counts are harmonized using correction factors estimated from a constrained optimization procedure. Factors are applied to scale data known to be of a reliable standard, creating an incomplete migration flow table of harmonized values. Cells for which no reliable reported flows exist are then estimated from a negative binomial regression model fitted using the Expectation- Maximization (EM) type algorithm. Covariate information for this model is drawn from international migration theory. Finally, measures of precision for all missing cell estimates are derived using the Supplemented EM algorithm. Recent data on international migration between countries in Europe are used to illustrate the methodology. The results represent a complete table of comparable ows that can be used by regional policy makers and social scientist alike to better understand population behaviour and change.
23
Hartman, Tod Greenfield. "The economy, labour and the new Romanian migration to Spain." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609432.
Full text
24
Warmsingh, Subordas. "Determinants and impacts of international labour migration in rural Thailand /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1998. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phw277.pdf.
Full text
25
Erdemir, Halil. "The westernization of Turkey and Turkish migration to the Federal Republic of Germany." Thesis, Swansea University, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.546059.
Full text
26
Susai, Ayumi. "Health Care Migration in Japan: Immigration Policy in Terms of Language." PDXScholar, 2011. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/190.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis argues the necessity of new standards for Japanese language teaching in Japan, responding to diversifying social needs. The current situation for foreign workers in Japan is a pressing issue in the light of declining fertility rates and a rapidly aging population. The focus of chapter 1 is this paper particularly focuses on issues regarding acceptance of nurses and certified care workers under the scheme of Economic Partnership Agreements (EPAs) between Japan and Indonesia in 2008, as a new policy to import more foreign skilled workers into Japan. This chapter demonstrates the nation's passive attitude toward accepting foreign workers as well as the growing demand for more consistent immigration policy in terms of language. Chapter 2 discusses the validity and accountability of the current major influential assessment tool in Japan, Japanese Language Proficiency Test (JLPT). It includes a discussion of how linguistic `proficiency' is understood in the JLPT and reveals its problems, comparing JLPT with other influential measurement tools in the world such as the American Council on the Teaching Foreign Language-Oral Proficiency Interview (ACTFL-OPI) and the Common European Framework of Reference for languages (CEFR).
27
Wright, Higgins Katie. "Ambiguous migrants : contemporary British migrants in Auckland, Aotearoa New Zealand." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2016. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/62469/.
Full textAbstract:
A bicultural approach to the politics of settler-indigenous relations, rapidly increasing ethnocultural diversity and its status as an ex-British settler society, make Auckland a fascinating and complex context in which to examine contemporary British migrants. However, despite Britain remaining one of the largest source countries for migrants in Aotearoa New Zealand, and the country's popularity as a destination among British emigrants, contemporary arrivals have attracted relatively little attention. This thesis draws on twelve-months of qualitative research, including in-depth interviews with forty-six participants, photo-elicitation with a smaller group, and participant observation, in order to develop a nuanced account of participants' narratives, everyday experiences and personal geographies of Auckland. This thesis adopts a lens attentive to the relationship between the past and the present in order to explore British migrants' imaginaries of sameness and difference, national belonging, place and ‘the good life' in Aotearoa New Zealand. First, through attention to the ‘colonial continuities' of participants' popular geographical and temporal imaginaries of Aotearoa New Zealand, and the lifestyles they associate with it, this thesis is part of growing attention to historical precedents of ‘the good life' in international lifestyle migration literature. Secondly, by examining participants' relations with Māori, other ethnicised groups, bi- and multiculturalism, I expand on whether these migrants' invest, or not, in ‘the settler imaginary' (Bell 2014). In doing so, I bring crucial nuance to understandings of ethnic and cultural difference, and settler-indigenous relations, in globalising white settler spaces. As neither fully ‘them' nor ‘us' (Wellings 2011), British migrants occupy an ambiguous position in ex-British settler societies. Finally, I examine participants' notions of shared ancestry and of cultural familiarity with Pākehā, and, in doing so, problematise the notion of Britishness as a natural legacy or passive inheritance in this context.
28
Scotto, Giuseppe. "The political participation of migrants : a study of the Italian communities in London." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2012. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/43188/.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis deals with the historical evolution, social networks, and – above all – the political participation of Italian citizens who are resident in London. The value of my research stems from an increasing interest – evident in the literature – in migrant transnational identities and in the political participation of migrant groups both in their home and host countries. Also relevant is the growing importance of London as a destination for Italian migrants. The study adopts a theoretical framework based on political opportunity structure and on the construction of social and community identity. It deploys a mix of methods that involve a questionnaire, ethnographic methods such as open and semi-structured interviews and participant observation, and some elements of discourse analysis, in order to analyse the social and political activity of three components of the Italian communities who are resident in London: the “old” migrants who arrived in the UK between the end of World War Two and the late 1970s; their descendants, the British-born Italians; and the “new” migrants, who have moved to London since the mid-1980s. Comparison across these three waves produces important insights into the development of Italian identity in London over more than half a century. In the three main empirical chapters the thesis examines (1) what characterises the Italian presence, in terms of socio-economic characteristics and identification; (2) how an Italian institutional and associational network, active in London, influences the building of a collective identity in the Italian communities and helps mobilise them; and (3) to what degree and how London Italians think they may contribute to political, social, and cultural change in their home and host countries. The primary data that I present show that belonging to one of the three generational groups outlined above has a great impact on the ties with both the UK and Italy and, in particular, with the Italian institutional and associational network in London; that this network plays an important role in the emergence of a new discourse on “Italianness” among recently arrived Italian migrants; that different forms of Italian identity are constructed and performed by Italians from the three different groups in their interaction with the social and political opportunity structure they experience in London; and finally that all this affects local and transnational political loyalties and behaviour.
29
Zottarelli, Lisa Katherine. "Determinants of Refugee Production: an Exploratory Analysis." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1998. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278940/.
Full textAbstract:
The issue of refugees and the factors which result in forced migration are of growing importance. Currently, one in every 120 people is living outside of his or her nation of origin by force. There appears to be no end in sight to this situation. This paper seeks to examine conditions within a nation which contribute to the production of refugees. Using a model based on Clark's (1989) early warning system, this paper examines both proximate and root causes of refugee migration. The findings suggest that human rights violations have a proximate causal relationship to refugee production. High levels of state autocracy, low per capita energy consumption, larger rural populations, and a recent negative net migration have an associative relationship to refugee production. Further studies are needed to examine the interrelationship between the proximate and root conditions and their effect on refugee flow.
30
Stierl, Maurice. "Migration resistance as border politics : counter-imaginaries of EUrope." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2014. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/66963/.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis seeks to conceptualise and mobilise migration resistances as forces of animation through which contemporary forms of EUropean border governance can be productively explored. By following different migration struggles ethnographically, it inquires into their emergence and asks what practices of government and control they reveal. Situated within the academic fields of ‘critical border and migration studies’ and Michel Foucault’s conceptualisations of power, resistance and the art of government, resistance is understood as method. As a set of analytics and catalysts that sets sociopolitical processes and phenomena into frictional motion, resistance is developed as a mode of critical investigation. It is argued that, while always specific and situated, migration struggles form transversal resistances that bring to light particular aspects of the ‘EUropean border dispositif’ which seeks to monitor, regulate and deter certain human mobilities. In a multi-sited ethnography, conducted in diverse borderscapes, heterogeneous struggles are explored. The first study follows the Non-Citizen movement that emerged in Germany and interprets their confrontational and provocative struggle as dissent. The second ethnographic study explores the Boats4People campaign that took place in Italy and Tunisia to protest migrant deaths in the Mediterranean Sea and focuses on their embodied practices of solidarity. The third study follows different individuals and groups in transit into three Greek borderscapes and conceives their attempts of border-subversion and escape as excessive practices. Dissent, solidarity and excess are mobilised and interpreted as three specific but interrelated facets of resistance that collide with and contest manifold diffused border practices and materialisations throughout and beyond EUropean space. Furthermore, it is argued that migration struggles question the community in whose name unbelonging and exclusions are performed. The thesis suggests that these resistances not only expose certain dominant discursive frames through which EUrope becomes continuously reproduced and recognised as united, peaceful and humanitarian, but also draw attention to questions of colonialism and race as well as to the various registers of violence that must always underpin EUrope’s division-creating practices. Through migration struggles, EUrope’s dominant frames and self-conceptions are decentered so that other imaginaries of politics, solidarity and community come to the fore.
31
Giua, Ludovica. "On immigration, geographic and labour market mobility." Thesis, University of Essex, 2017. http://repository.essex.ac.uk/19538/.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis consists of three chapters. The first one is an empirical assessment of the consequences of post-2004 temporary restrictions to welfare access for some European immigrants in the UK in terms of their benefits take-up and their labour supply. I provide evidence that when access to benefits is restricted, immigrants compensate for the foregone income by working more. This is particularly true for females. Nevertheless, even in the absence of any restrictions, immigrants are less reliant on welfare and work more than their native counterparts. The second chapter focuses on the determinants of geographical mobility of British labour market entrants over the period 1991-2008, with an emphasis on the role of education. Given the absence of an appropriate index for mobility in the data, I compute a continuous measure of distance that is then matched to the individual information. Results suggest that having a degree has a positive impact on the mobility of young adults and, hence, on their labour market opportunities. Moreover, an important role is played by previous mobility experience and some other environmental factors. In the third chapter of this dissertation I evaluate the long-term effects of undergoing job turnover during a woman’s early career on her demand for children. In doing so, I make a distinction between voluntary and involuntary job separations. The empirical analysis is made on a sample of British women who have left education in the years 1959-1986, for which I construct job experience and family formation variables on the basis of retrospective information. The findings imply that women with stronger preferences for children might self-select into more rewarding career paths, possibly in pursuance of better labour market conditions that can guarantee a more adequate child rearing.
32
Schanze, Livia Sophie. "Language and immigration in Germany : the role of German language in recent immigration debates." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2010. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/344779/.
Full textAbstract:
All nations with significant dimensions of immigration and ethnic minorities are facing policy tensions stemming from two contradicting fundamental constitutional principles. The establishment and preservation of nationhood seems to require cultural homogeneity and associated integration of the population living on a specified territory. However, the aim of integration is challenged by the principle of recognising and safeguarding cultural identities of minorities and immigrants. One of central debates concerns language policy. This country study concerns the recent relation of language policy and immigration policy in Germany. It is based on the analysis of public discourses circling around the legislative process and the subsequent application and amendment of the foreigners’ statute of 1997 and the immigration statute of 2004 including the Green card initiative (2000) and the debate about restrictive policies after the Madrid bombing (2004). It also contains a case study of the controversies on the German-only policy on the playground of a multi-ethnic school in Wedding, a district of Berlin. Recent media coverage shows that this example, picked in 2006, has since achieved a paradigmatic quality. The thesis outlines and applies aspects of critical discourse analysis for the interpretation of selected relevant texts, mainly contained in national quality newspapers. The case study is also based on interviews and use of correspondence addressed to the school.
33
Howenstine, Erick. "Misperception of destination encouraging migration of Mexican labor to Yakima Valley, Washington /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/5623.
Full text
34
Cason, Rachel May. "'Third culture kids' : migration narratives on belonging, identity and place." Thesis, Keele University, 2015. http://eprints.keele.ac.uk/1029/.
Full textAbstract:
Third Culture Kids are the children of people working outside their passport countries, and who are employed by international organisations as development experts, diplomats, missionaries, journalists, international NGO and humanitarian aid workers, or UN representatives. The “third culture” they possess is the temporary, nomadic multicultural space they inhabited as children, within an expatriate community and, in some cases, international school. This culture is distinct from their parents’ homeland culture (the first culture) and from that of the country in which they spend their formative years but of which they are not native members (the second culture). The “third culture” inhabited by Third Culture Kids does not unite the first and second cultures, but rather comprises a space for their unstable integration (Knörr, 2005). This thesis explores the following question: In what ways does being a Third Culture Kid affect notions of belonging, identity and place? Through analysis of both fieldwork in an international school, and exploratory life story interviews with adult TCKs from myriad backgrounds, this work contributes to a better understanding of the experience of growing up abroad, and tracks the long term effects of this experience on the ways in which TCKs orient themselves towards belonging, identity and place. Throughout the course of this research, findings coalesce to orient TCKs as cosmopolitans, rooted in the expatriate communities of their childhoods, continuing in mobility and self-conscious “otherness” into adulthood, and moving through place as “elite vagrants”.
35
Klanarong, Nisakorn. "Female international labour migration from Southern Thailand /." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 2003. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phk632.pdf.
Full text
36
Yugova, Ksenia. "MIGRATION POLICY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-125224.
Full textAbstract:
The Master's thesis investigates a range of problems of migration policy of the Russian Federation. The main goal of the thesis is to identify causes, that underlay inefficiency of implemented measures in migration field; and to develop recommendations to make the Russian migration policy more efficient. A work solution process is based on the hypothesis that goals and tools of the Russian migration policy are not enough consecutive and effective, therefore the whole system requires revision and alteration. The theoretical part discloses the impact of migration on a national economy and provides considerations about how to create an efficient migration policy. The practical part focuses on analysis of Russian immigration, emigration and internal-migration policies. This part completes with author's proposals how to improve Russian migration policy. Research is conducted using the method of description, relation and qualitative analysis and prediction method.
37
Rasool, Fathima. "The role of skills immigration in addressing skills shortages in South Africa / by Fathima Rasool." Thesis, North-West University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/4618.
Full textAbstract:
South Africa is in the throes of a skills crisis. This situation is seriously hampering the country's economic progress
and global participation. This study focuses on the analysis of skills migration in South Africa, and specifically aims
to provide a conceptual framework for better cognition of the skills situation in South Africa. The study is presented
in a series of four articles with a final chapter that incorporates these articles in a cognitive unit and, therefore,
provide a cognitive map to better understand skills migration in South Africa.
Article one of the study provides an in–depth discussion on the serious shortage of skilled workers and its impact on
the progress of the country. This crisis is largely due to the failure of the national education and training system to
supply the economy with much needed skills required to support economic growth and job creation. The findings of
this study indicated that there are various factors that are contributing to the skills shortages in the country. Some
of the factors include: poor education standards, emigration, crime and HIV. It must be noted that these factors
cannot be addressed overnight. Hence, this study emphasised the role that skilled foreign workers can play in
alleviating the skills shortages in the country. The contribution of foreign workers could be viewed as a short to
medium solution to the skills crisis. Finally, this study has confirmed the findings of similar studies undertaken by
the Centre for Development and Enterprise that opening the doors to high–skilled immigration can only serve as a
means of supplementing the skills pool and hence contributing to the economic growth of the country.
In relation to the above, that is, a means to address the skills shortages, article two supported the view that a more
expansive and robust policy approach to skills immigration can be part of the larger solution of addressing the
skills shortages of the country. This would allow for economic progress and make South Africa globally competitive.
Hence, the primary purpose of this article was to determine the effectiveness of South Africa's immigration policy to
support skills immigration. Attempts to recruit foreign skills to work in South African firms is proving to be a
challenge as there are a number of issues in South Africa's immigration policy that makes it restrictive for
organisations when recruiting skilled foreign workers. The following are some of the consequences of this
restrictive policy: due to major infrastructural growth and development during the 2010 period, there is tremendous
strain on the construction industry as a result of shortage of engineers, quantity surveyors, technicians and
architects. Problems in retaining skilled mining staff combined with insufficient new graduates and an aging
workforce is affecting the South African industry. A dearth of engineering skills at Eskom has also contributed to the
power crisis. Thus it could be concluded that South Africa's skills immigration policy is problematic and not helpful
in addressing the skills shortages of the country.
In addition and in relation to factors that are contributing to skills shortages in the country, article three of the
study focused specifically on factors that either push or pull people into a country. Push factors are generally
regarded as negative factors as they push people out of the country. These factors include affirmative action, which
contributes to emigration of skilled individuals, crime, HIV, economic instability, poor health care and
dissatisfaction with the political situation of the country. Pull or positive factors on the other hand draw skilled
South Africans to a country. These factors include: attractive salary packages, early retirement within the education
sector, an opportunity to gain international work experience, an improved lifestyle and variety of career choices.
Certain immigrants are pulled to South Africa as they see it as offering them economic opportunities that are not
available in their home country. However, these immigrants range largely from unskilled to a limited number of highly skilled workers. This is inadequate to address the skill shortages. Hence, this situation also points towards
recruitment of skilled foreign workers as a short to medium term solution.
The final article of the study confirms that skills shortage is a global phenomenon. As a result there is fierce
competition amongst countries to attract skilled labour so as to alleviate these shortages and improve their
competitive footing in the global economy. One major way that these countries strive to achieve their goal, is
through promoting targeted skills immigration programmes to attract skilled workers. In order to alleviate these
skills shortages and be part of the global economy, South Africa has to take lessons from these countries. Therefore,
the main purpose of this article in the study was to indicate the advantages of having a competitive skills
immigration policy. It also highlighted practices that make certain countries skills immigration programmes
successful. In doing so, these suitable practices could be offered to policy makers so that they can make informed
decisions on improving the skills immigration policy of the country.
Finally, there is a general consensus that South Africa's policy on skills immigration is in need of radical review
due to the fact that it is highly restrictive, bureaucratic, user–unfriendly and costly to administer. Moreover, it serves
as an impediment for business and industry to recruit skilled foreign labour into the country as a result of excessive,
and often, unnecessary regulations and procedures. As a consequence, South Africa tends to attract a higher
proportion of unskilled and semi–skilled foreign workers when, in actual fact, it should be attracting highly skilled
immigrants.<br>Thesis (Ph.D. (Business Administration))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.
38
Gonzalez, Daiana A. "Migrating Latinas and the grief process /." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2005. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd1015.pdf.
Full text
39
Zhang, Weiwei. "EXPLAINING THE HISPANIC PARADOX: AN EXAMINATION OF THE OUT-MIGRATION EFFECT ON THE HEALTH COMPOSITION OF THE MEXICAN IMMIGRATION POPULATION." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1134574078.
Full text
40
Nzima, Divane. "The 'failure-success' dichotomy in migration discourse and practice : revisiting reverse migration deterrents for South Africa based Zimbabwean skilled migrants." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/5434.
Full textAbstract:
The study was conceptualised against the background that leading migration theories explain return migration based on failure and success alone. The neo-classical economics theory of migration perceives return migration as a by-product of a failed migration experience while the new economics of labour migration perceives return as occurring after successful achievement of migration objectives. This study questions these theoretical positions through an exploration of the factors that deter South Africa-based Zimbabwean skilled migrants from returning home permanently notwithstanding a successful or failed migration experience. Furtive economic factors in Zimbabwe and South Africa that dissuade skilled migrants from returning home permanently are explored. Social factors in Zimbabwe and in South Africa that influence return migration decision making are also examined. Furthermore, the study analysed whether and how Zimbabwean skilled migrants are forced into a permanent settlement in South Africa as a result of what this study calls the ‘diaspora trap’. This ‘diaspora trap’ framework argues that Zimbabwean skilled migrants in South Africa do not return following their experiences of failure and success in South Africa. Central to the absence of return is the social construction of migrants as successful in Zimbabwe. Skilled migrants are deterred from returning due to their failure to meet family and communal expectations of success. In addition, return migration is deferred as a means to hide poverty in South Africa. Moreover, new diaspora family ties weaken attachments with Zimbabwe and contribute to deferred return migration. Skilled migrants are thus entrapped in South Africa by their failure to live up to the success social construct and the inability to mitigate adversities in the host country.
41
Anis, Hamim Asyari Varaporn Chamsanit. "Indonesia's administrative and legislative measures on labor migration from a rights-based perspective /." Abstract, 2008. http://mulinet3.li.mahidol.ac.th/thesis/2551/cd421/5038128.pdf.
Full text
42
Maronitis, Konstantinos. "Immigration and its discontents : social theory and the reorganisation of society." Thesis, University of Greenwich, 2011. http://gala.gre.ac.uk/7148/.
Full text
43
Giulietti, Corrado. "Essays on migration and labour markets." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2009. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/141971/.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis explores the relationships between immigration and labour mar- kets. The work consists of three empirical papers that examine particular aspects of this relationship. The first paper investigates the hypothesis that immigrants are attracted by a particular labour market institution, the minimum wage. The empirical analysis is implemented by assessing the impact that an exogenous increase in the federal USA minimum wage has on the immigration ows of low-skilled individuals. The main findings are that low-wage workers move to States where the growth of the minimum wage is larger, while high-wage individuals are insensitive to the policy. The second paper analyses the effects of immigration in the host labour market, in particular on the mobility of previous residents. The main objective is to investigate if inflows of recent immigrants determine an out-migration of natives and earlier immigrants. This is achieved by analysing patterns of internal mi- gration using information on the local authority of origin and destination and on the skill level of individuals. The analysis demonstrates that, while UK-born individuals and recent immigrants move to similar locations, earlier immigrants are instead displaced, suggesting closer substitutability with the newcomers. The impact of ethnic networks on employment outcomes is the final topic of the thesis. The important feature of this study is to examine this effect separately for immigrants and natives. This is achieved by analysing detailed data on ethnic enclaves from two Censuses of England and Wales, which are used to construct an index that captures local interactions. The results show that, for the majority of immigrant groups, a larger informal network is associated with higher employ- ment probabilities. For the group of natives, there is no evidence that living in an enclave is detrimental to employment, and the eect is, at worst, zero.
44
Rubyan-Ling, David. "Diaspora and diversity : an ethnography of Sierra Leoneans living in South London." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2014. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/48916/.
Full textAbstract:
My thesis is an ethnographic study of Sierra Leonean living in London. I examine the interrelationships between diasporic orientations and the specific locality in which people are living. As such, my research is at the intersection between literatures on African diasporas, and research on new immigration and diversity, two fields which I argue deal with the same ‘problem' – that of the incorporation of migrants into some form of nation-state identification. In my empirical chapters I explore Sierra Leoneans encounters with diversity in a range of places within London, and engage with Brah's (1996) conception of diaspora space, as well as recent work on the topic of super-diversity (Vertovec 2007) as a way to elucidate such these interactions. I focus on key sites within Sierra Leonean London – a popular street market, the religious spaces of a church and a mosque, and the temporary spaces used for the celebrations of the 50th anniversary of Sierra Leonean independence. I explore how individuals manage the twin pressures of incorporation from both the UK and Sierra Leonean states, and how these pressures reconcile in efforts to create lives in the interstices of two cultural systems. I look at how a specific cultural heritage shapes their engagements with each other and with outsiders, and how encounters with others and the experience of life in London affect their relationship with their country of origin. The thesis argues that Sierra Leoneans living in London manage these pressures using a cultural imaginary rooted in postcoloniality – i.e. shaped by the enduring effects of colonialism and its aftermath. This legacy has resulted in a profound ambivalence towards both London and Sierra Leone, as poles of this relationship, with many Sierra Leoneans coming to see the diaspora as “home”: a productive ‘”third space” with resources and opportunities beyond that of their home country. The dependence of these diasporic spaces on the contributions of diverse ‘others'provides broader affiliations, that result in a less tightly-held national identity, with Pan-West-African and African identification, becoming increasingly salient.
45
Vorobyeva, Daria. "Forced ethnic migrants' integration : Syrian Armenians in Armenia and Lebanon (2011-2016)." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14215.
Full textAbstract:
The current forced displacement crisis, with over 65 million people in 2017, and more than a third being refugees, means it is higher than since the Second World War. Therefore, integration of external forced migrants (refugees) in host countries is a high priority policy objective of the international community. Yet, the existing refugee regime largely fails in successful integration, including in cases of resettling in perceived ethnic homelands. This thesis comparatively analyses the integration process of Syrian- Armenian forced migrants in the perceived ethnic homeland, Armenia and unrecognised territories of Nagorno-Karabakh, and a regional diaspora centre, Lebanon. The work aims to understand socio-cultural and economic factor impact on the process, and whether some can be regarded as fundamental for the successful outcomes, the role of state and non-state actors in the process, and influence of the psychological state of mind of forced migrants on it. The selection of case studies is ideal for several reasons. First, institutionally, a host-community (the Republic of Armenia and the Lebanese-Armenian diaspora) is interested in newcomers remaining in the country. Second, NGOs play a central role, thus, due to their decades of experience, allowing to facilitate advanced methods of integration. Third, Armenians integrate into their ethnic kin community, thus arguably improving integration chances. Finally, Armenians have been historically skillful in new societal integration, which bodes well for future successful integration. The analysis applies the theoretical framework of migration, diaspora and social identity to empirical findings from fieldwork, state and NGO reports and media information. The key argument of the thesis is that although all factors of integration are closely interrelated, economic integration should be perceived as a defining factor in the overall success. Additionally, I argue that, where problematic economic integration is experienced, cultural differences against the host-society and sense of nostalgia become reinforced, thus slowing integration. Finally, whilst I conclude that economic integration generally improves over time, it is likely that where host-society culture is significantly different, newcomers generally remain a distinctive community, even if within an ethnic homeland.
46
Thompson, Caryl. "A necessary evil : the Copenhagen School and the construction of migrants as security threats in political elite discourse : a comparative study of Malaysia and Singapore." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2016. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/38565/.
Full textAbstract:
The role of political discourse in the communication of security issues is fundamental to the Copenhagen School’s framework of securitization. In their work, Security: A New Framework for Analysis (1998), the Copenhagen School set out to challenge traditional International Relations theory by questioning the primacy of state-centric approaches that narrowly focus on military aspects of security. Whilst broadening the areas of security to include economic, societal, political and environmental threats, they also proposed that threats are articulated through the “speech acts” of mainly political elites. By signaling threats discursively via “securitizing moves”, political elites inform the audience of the existence of security threats. However, the Copenhagen School fails to address the political partiality of such pronouncements. The focus of this analysis is to examine the persuasive discursive practices employed by political elites to encourage audience consent with a specific focus on political elite portrayals of inward migration in relation to security. In their work, “Identity, Migration and the New Security Agenda in Europe” (1993), the Copenhagen School outlined a nexus between security and transnational migration within a Western context. Using content analysis and critical discourse analysis methods, this analysis will provide a comparative cross-national study of how migration is constituted as a security threat. By analysing political elite discourse as presented in speeches and as recontextualised in media portrayals in two major South East Asian receiving countries, Malaysia and Singapore, this thesis assesses the applicability of the Copenhagen School approach in alternative locations. Adopting a thematic approach, it examines how migrants are depicted via political discourse as threats to societal, economic and political security and how the feminization of migration in recent years has been depicted as a security challenge. A cross-national comparison of political discourse relating to the migrant/security nexus reveals not only how discursive formulations of security by political elites are constructed in order to legitimise policy and practices, but how similar issues may be addressed differently. Both Malaysia and Singapore have a long history of immigration, which is reflected in their diverse multi-ethnic, multi-racial and multi-cultural societies. Geographically co-located and with a shared historical legacy, both have become increasingly dependent on migrant labour to support economic growth and receive relatively large intakes of migrants from neighbouring countries. Yet, there are significant differences in how migrants are depicted in relation to security. Challenges are proposed to the framework that the Copenhagen School propounds. Moreover, I contend that the constructed nature of political discourse allows the potential for a more nuanced and normative discourse that could desecuritize migration and focus more positively on its benefits and upon alternative non-elite perspectives of security.
47
Guataquí, Roa Juan Carlos. "Forced displacement and internal migration in Colombia, 1992-2004." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2006. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/2453/.
Full textAbstract:
This document deconstructs the issue of forced displacement in Colombia, focusing on the period 1992 – 2004, and has two main methodological features. The first is its interdisciplinary approach, which is both sociological and economic. The second is its multilevel orientation, which aims to tackle forced displacement in Colombia on the individual, community and aggregate levels. Given the lack of interdisciplinary theoretical approaches to forced migration, I propose a new one, based on bounded rationality from economic theory and using Castles (2003) and Richmond (1988) for the sociology of forced migration. In order to properly characterise the concept of forced displacement as one of the many modalities of migration, my literature review expands on the thesis’ remit, both in time and scope, including studies of internal migration in Colombia, between 1960 and 2004. The review reveals some interesting lacunas and regularities in the study of forced migration in Colombia: the lack of interdisciplinary studies, the lack of consensus about the real dimension of forced displacement in Colombia - as a consequence of the divergent and hence unreliable nature of current statistics - the historic role of violence for flows of migration in Colombia, the importance of land appropriation and illegal economic activities as catalysts for the decision to migrate, and the specific profiles of gender and ethnic backgrounds. These issues are addressed in three chapters: one concentrates on deconstructing the different statistics available for forced displacement in Colombia, the systems devoted to collect them and the subjective reasons that may explain the differences between them: another evaluates the recurrence of specific patterns of ethnic background and gender among a displaced community and the third evaluates he lack of social cohesion as anomie, through applying the scale of Srole (1956) as used by Lipman and Havens (1965) in their study of the anomie among displaced people in Colombia.
48
Moro, Domenico. "Modelling economic effects of international retirement migration within the European Union." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2007. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/2584/.
Full textAbstract:
International retirement migration (IRM) is a growing and significant feature of the European Union. It has important economic implications in terms of the redistribution of social costs, factors reward and incomes. Using overlapping generations models and simulation techniques this thesis focuses on the economic effects of International Retirement Migration (IRM) within the European Union (EU). Three main parts make up this thesis. The first part summaries the legal and the social framework within the European Union where IRM takes place. Access to European welfare system is based on the principle of non-discrimination. However, the European Comunity law regulates the possibility of free riding through the resource requirement. In the second part, after a brief literature review in social security, the thesis develops a quantitative model that tries to explain some reasons why IRM may take place. Starting with a difference between "environment" of European countries, some people may opt for a better life in another country when they retire. We also focus on the capital accumulation effect for home and host countries. The presence of large populations of retired foreign residents in European countries raises fundamental questions with respect to the right of access to health and welfare services. In the third part, bearing in mind the principle of free movement of capital and the non-discrimination principle in accessing public service within the EU, we focus on the economic effects of IRM for the host country, for the individual migrants themselves, for the host communities and for public policy.
49
Ouali, Nouria. "Migration et accès au marché du: les effets émancipateurs sur la condition des femmes issues de l'immigration." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210479.
Full textAbstract:
La thèse a pour objet l'émancipation des femmes issues de l'immigration. Elle propose d'évaluer les effets de la migration et de l'accès au marché du travail sur l'émancipation des filles de migrantes d'origine marocaine en Belgique francophone.<p>L'étude tente d'abord de mettre en lumière le rôle des femmes immigrées dans l'histoire de la Belgique en le ré-articulant à l'histoire sociale, l'histoire des femmes et l'histoire de l'immigration. Ensuite, elle montre que l'approche dominante des travaux sur les migrations ne prend pas en compte la dimension du genre, ce qui a pour conséquence de masquer la différenciation des expériences migratoires selon le sexe. Enfin, elle replace l'analyse du statut des femmes immigrées et de leurs descendantes dans la complexité des rapports sociaux de sexe, de race et de classe afin de mieux rendre compte des réalités concrètes et de sortir du simplisme des approches culturalistes.<p>La thèse développe une analyse des politiques d'intégration (politiques éducative, de l'emploi et de lutte contre les discriminations) visant l'émancipation des immigrées et en évalue l'impact sur les filles de migrant-es d'origine marocaine. Elle présente enfin les trajectoires individuelles des filles de migrant.es marocain.es et examine les facteurs individuels et collectifs favorisant leur émancipation.<p><br>Doctorat en sciences sociales, Orientation sociologie<br>info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
50
Hamid, Adil A. (Adil Abdelaziz). "Perceptions of the Sudanese Professional Working in Saudi Arabia on Migration and Economic Development of the Sudan." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1990. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc330989/.
Full textAbstract:
The brain drain emerged as a phenomenon in the Sudan in the early 1970's when a change in the political system was followed by a change in the economic situation. The oil price increases created a dynamic process that led to attractive employment conditions in the petroleum producing countries such as Saudi Arabia and to depressed economic conditions in the developing countries like the Sudan. The purposes of the study are to (a) obtain information on the Sudanese professionals working in Saudi Arabia, (b) determine what major factors influence their migration, and (c) to develop policy recommendations on the flow of migration from the Sudan. The population of this study were Sudanese professionals living in Saudi Arabia. Data were generated through surveying a sample of 300 subjects selected randomly from the defined population. A survey questionnaire based on the research questions was developed for this study. Data from 263 respondents were analyzed. The findings of the study suggest that the majority of the Sudanese professionals working in Saudi Arabia are male, between 30 to 40 years of age. They have many years of experience and a high level of qualifications. The factors that led to their migration are: (a) high cost of living in the Sudan, (b) low salary, (c) money shortage, (d) high cost of housing, (e) little opportunity for advancement, and (f) shortage of basic necessities. It is realized that migration has costs and benefits for the Sudan. Government policies should be directed to maximize the benefits and minimize the costs. It is recommended that the government should adopt policies to regulate migration and assure the Sudanese expatriates of the efficient execution of these policies, attract their remittances through exemption and facilities, and work toward eliminating or reducing the causes of migration.