Academic literature on the topic 'Migratory Control'

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Journal articles on the topic "Migratory Control"

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Sudarsono, Hamim, Rosma Hasibuan, and Damayanti Buchori. "BIOLOGI DAN TRANSFORMASI BELALANG KEMBARA LOCUSTA MIGRATORIA MANILENSIS MEYEN (ORTHOPTERA: ACRIDIDAE) PADA BEBERAPA TINGKAT KEPADATAN POPULASI DI LABORATORIUM." Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika 5, no. 1 (2005): 24–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/j.hptt.1524-31.

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Biology and Transformation of the Migratory Locust Locusta migratoria manilensis Meyen (Orthoptera: Acrididae) at Several Laboratory Population Density Levels. The migratory locust, Locusta migratoria manilensis Meyen (Orthoptera: Acrididae) is one of insect pests in Indonesia that undergoes a unique polymorphic biology. The locust develops a transformation phase which is triggered mainly by high population density. Its recent outbreaks in several regions of Indonesia cause major concern and control strategies must be developed to strengthen control efforts in the future. Its unique polymorphic phenomenon, therefore, must be investigated thoroughly for the basis of management of the outbreak. Due to its agility and its long range flying ability, the most realistic technique to study behavioral and morphological change of the locust is in controlled condition at a laboratory or a green house facility. The experiment was aimed to study effects of colony densities on the biology and transformation process of the migratory locust. More specifically, the experiment was to study effects of population density on the feeding activity, mortality rate, and the ratio of F/C and E/F of the migratory locust L. migratoria manilensis. The population densities were simulated in colonies at 2, 5, 10, 20, dan 30 couples per cage (cage size: 45x45x90 cm) reared in a green house. Results of the experiment show that, in general, higher densities of the migratory locust colonies tended to feed more rigorously than those of the less dense colonies. The locust remained in solitary phase at the density of 2-5 couples per cage whereas the transient phase occured at the density of 10-20 couples per cage. The colonies transformed to gregarious stage when their densities were 30 couples per cage or higher. Mortality percentage tended to be higher at colonies with higher density, especially for the third instar of the migratory locust.
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Tanaka, Seiji, and Dao-Hong Zhu. "Outbreaks of the migratory locust Locusta migratoria (Orthoptera: Acrididae) and control in China." Applied Entomology and Zoology 40, no. 2 (2005): 257–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1303/aez.2005.257.

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Berthold, Peter. "Genetic control of migratory behaviour in birds." Trends in Ecology & Evolution 6, no. 8 (1991): 254–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0169-5347(91)90072-6.

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Kelson, Suzanne J., Stephanie M. Carlson, and Michael R. Miller. "Indirect genetic control of migration in a salmonid fish." Biology Letters 16, no. 8 (2020): 20200299. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2020.0299.

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Migration is a complex trait that often has genetic underpinnings. However, it is unclear if migratory behaviour itself is inherited (direct genetic control), or if the decision to migrate is instead the outcome of a set of physiological traits (indirect genetic control). For steelhead/rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ), migration is strongly linked to a large genomic region across their range. Here, we demonstrate a shared allelic basis between early life growth rate and migratory behaviour. Next, we demonstrate that early life growth differs among resident/migratory genotypes in wild juveniles several months prior to migration, with resident genotypes achieving a larger size in their first few months of life than migratory genotypes. We suggest that the genetic basis of migration is likely indirect and mediated by physiological traits such as growth rate. Evolutionary benefits of this indirect genetic mechanism likely include flexibility among individuals and persistence of life-history diversity within and among populations.
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Auerswald, Lutz, and Gerd Gäde. "Endocrine control of TAG lipase in the fat body of the migratory locust, Locusta migratoria." Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 36, no. 10 (2006): 759–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ibmb.2006.07.004.

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Mueller, Jakob C., Francisco Pulido, and Bart Kempenaers. "Identification of a gene associated with avian migratory behaviour." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 278, no. 1719 (2011): 2848–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2010.2567.

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Bird migration is one of the most spectacular and best-studied phenomena in behavioural biology. Yet, while the patterns of variation in migratory behaviour and its ecological causes have been intensively studied, its genetic, physiological and neurological control remains poorly understood. The lack of knowledge of the molecular basis of migration is currently not only limiting our insight into the proximate control of migration, but also into its evolution. We investigated polymorphisms in the exons of six candidate genes for key behavioural traits potentially linked to migration, which had previously been identified in several bird species, and eight control loci in 14 populations of blackcaps ( Sylvia atricapilla ), representing the whole range of geographical variation in migration patterns found in this species, with the aim of identifying genes controlling variation in migration. We found a consistent association between a microsatellite polymorphism and migratory behaviour only at one candidate locus: the ADCYAP1 gene. This polymorphism explained about 2.6 per cent of the variation in migratory tendency among populations, and 2.7–3.5% of variation in migratory restlessness among individuals within two independent populations. In all tests, longer alleles were associated with higher migratory activity. The consistency of results among different populations and levels of analysis suggests that ADCYAP1 is one of the genes controlling the expression of migratory behaviour. Moreover, the multiple described functions of the gene product indicate that this gene might act at multiple levels modifying the shift between migratory and non-migratory states.
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Ishida, Tadashi, Takuya Shimamoto, Maho Kaminaga, Takahiro Kuchimaru, Shinae Kizaka-Kondoh, and Toru Omata. "Microfluidic High-Migratory Cell Collector Suppressing Artifacts Caused by Microstructures." Micromachines 10, no. 2 (2019): 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi10020116.

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The small number of high-migratory cancer cells in a cell population make studies on high-migratory cancer cells difficult. For the development of migration assays for such cancer cells, several microfluidic devices have been developed. However, they measure migration that is influenced by microstructures and they collect not only high-migratory cells, but also surrounding cells. In order to find high-migratory cells in cell populations while suppressing artifacts and to collect these cells while minimizing damages, we developed a microfluidic high-migratory cell collector with the ability to sort cancer cells according to cellular migration and mechanical detachment. High-migratory cancer cells travel further from the starting line when all of the cells are seeded on the same starting line. The high-migratory cells are detached using a stretch of cell adhesive surface using a water-driven balloon actuator. Using this cell collector, we selected high-migratory HeLa cells that migrated about 100m in 12 h and collected the cells.
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Garel, S., M. Garcia-Dominguez, and P. Charnay. "Control of the migratory pathway of facial branchiomotor neurones." Development 127, no. 24 (2000): 5297–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.127.24.5297.

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Facial branchiomotor (fbm) neurones undergo a complex migration in the segmented mouse hindbrain. They are born in the basal plate of rhombomere (r) 4, migrate caudally through r5, and then dorsally and radially in r6. To study how migrating cells adapt to their changing environment and control their pathway, we have analysed this stereotyped migration in wild-type and mutant backgrounds. We show that during their migration, fbm neurones regulate the expression of genes encoding the cell membrane proteins TAG-1, Ret and cadherin 8. Specific combinations of these markers are associated with each migratory phase in r4, r5 and r6. In Krox20 and kreisler mutant mouse embryos, both of which lack r5, fbm neurones migrate dorsally into the anteriorly positioned r6 and adopt an r6-specific expression pattern. In embryos deficient for Ebf1, a gene normally expressed in fbm neurones, part of the fbm neurones migrate dorsally within r5. Accordingly, fbm neurones prematurely express a combination of markers characteristic of an r6 location. These data suggest that fbm neurones adapt to their changing environment by switching on and off specific genes, and that Ebf1 is involved in the control of these responses. In addition, they establish a close correlation between the expression pattern of fbm neurones and their migratory behaviour, suggesting that modifications in gene expression participate in the selection of the local migratory pathway.
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Sharma, Aakansha, Devraj Singh, Shalie Malik, Neelu Jain Gupta, Sangeeta Rani, and Vinod Kumar. "Difference in control between spring and autumn migration in birds: insight from seasonal changes in hypothalamic gene expression in captive buntings." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 285, no. 1885 (2018): 20181531. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2018.1531.

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We hypothesized differences in molecular strategies for similar journeys that migrants undertake to reproduce in spring and to overwinter in autumn. We tested this in redheaded buntings ( Emberiza bruniceps ) photoinduced into spring and autumn migratory states, with winter and summer non-migratory states as controls. Compared with controls, buntings fattened, gained weight and showed Zugunruhe (nocturnal migratory restlessness) in the migratory state. Spring migration was associated with greater fat and body mass, and higher intensity of Zugunruhe , compared with autumn migration. Circulating corticosterone levels were higher in spring, while T3 levels were higher in autumn. Hypothalamic expression of thyroid hormone-responsive ( dio2 , dio3 ), light-responsive ( per2 , cry1 , adcyap1 ) and th (tyrosine hydroxylase, involved in dopamine biosynthesis) genes showed significant changes with transition from non-migratory to the migratory state. There were significantly higher mRNA expressions in autumn, except for higher th levels in the spring. Furthermore, the expression patterns of dnmt3a (not dnmt3b ) and tet2 genes suggested an epigenetic difference between the non-migrant and migrant periods, and the spring and autumn migrant periods. These results demonstrate for the first time seasonal transition in hypothalamic gene expressions, and suggest differences in regulatory strategies at the transcriptional level for spring and autumn migrations in songbirds.
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Dietrich, S., F. Abou-Rebyeh, H. Brohmann, et al. "The role of SF/HGF and c-Met in the development of skeletal muscle." Development 126, no. 8 (1999): 1621–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.126.8.1621.

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Hypaxial skeletal muscles develop from migratory and non-migratory precursor cells that are generated by the lateral lip of the dermomyotome. Previous work shows that the formation of migratory precursors requires the c-Met and SF/HGF genes. We show here that in mice lacking c-Met or SF/HGF, the initial development of the dermomyotome proceeds appropriately and growth and survival of cells in the dermomyotome are not affected. Migratory precursors are also correctly specified, as monitored by the expression of Lbx1. However, these cells remain aggregated and fail to take up long range migration. We conclude that parallel but independent cues converge on the migratory hypaxial precursors in the dermomyotomal lip after they are laid down: a signal given by SF/HGF that controls the emigration of the precursors, and an as yet unidentified signal that controls Lbx1. SF/HGF and c-Met act in a paracrine manner to control emigration, and migratory cells only dissociate from somites located close to SF/HGF-expressing cells. During long range migration, prolonged receptor-ligand-interaction appears to be required, as SF/HGF is expressed both along the routes and at the target sites of migratory myogenic progenitors. Mice that lack c-Met die during the second part of gestation due to a placental defect. Rescue of the placental defect by aggregation of tetraploid (wild type) and diploid (c-Met−/−) morulae allows development of c-Met mutant animals to term. They lack muscle groups that derive from migratory precursor cells, but display otherwise normal skeletal musculature.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Migratory Control"

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Jawhari, Aida Urfan Fuad. "Control of gastrointestinal epithelial differentiation and migratory behaviour, by the cadherin-catenin complex." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.312709.

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López-Hoffman, Laura, Jay Diffendorfer, Ruscena Wiederholt, et al. "Operationalizing the telecoupling framework for migratory species using the spatial subsidies approach to examine ecosystem services provided by Mexican free-tailed bats." RESILIENCE ALLIANCE, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626546.

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Drivers of environmental change in one location can have profound effects on ecosystem services and human well-being in distant locations, often across international borders. The telecoupling provides a conceptual framework for describing these interactions-for example, locations can be defined as sending areas (sources of flows of ecosystem services, energy, or information) or receiving areas (recipients of flows). However, the ability to quantify feedbacks between ecosystem change in one area and societal benefits in other areas requires analytical approaches. We use spatial subsidies-an approach developed to measure the degree to which a migratory species' ability to provide services in one location depends on habitat in another location-as an example of how telecoupling can be operationalized. Using the cotton pest control and ecotourism services of Mexican free-tailed bats as an example, we determined that of the 16 states in the United States and Mexico where the species resides, three states (Texas, New Mexico, and Colorado) are receiving areas, while the rest of the states are sending areas. In addition, the magnitude of spatial subsidy can be used as an indicator of the degree to which different locations are telecoupled to other locations. In this example, the Mexican free-tailed bat ecosystem services to cotton production and ecotourism in Texas and New Mexico are heavily dependent on winter habitat in four states in central and southern Mexico. In sum, spatial subsidies can be used to operationalize the telecoupling conceptual framework by identifying sending and receiving areas, and by indicating the degree to which locations are telecoupled to other locations.
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Estopinal, Ashley. "Effects of Migratory Habit on the Genetic Diversity of Avian Populations from the Oak Openings in Northwest Ohio." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1379840178.

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Haince, Marie-Claude. "Au coeur des institutions d'immigration : dispositifs, gestion et contrôle migratoire au Canada." Thèse, Paris, EHESS, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/5024.

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Cette étude propose une analyse critique du système d’immigration canadien à partir d’un examen détaillé du processus de sélection des immigrants de la catégorie « travailleurs qualifiés ». Il s’agit d’interroger le rapport des sociétés canadienne et québécoise à l’immigration en se focalisant sur la manière dont l’État opère à travers la gestion de l’exclusion/inclusion des immigrants et de saisir ce qui est en jeu lors du processus d’immigration en cernant les effets qui s’actualisent sur ceux qui sont impliqués dans ce processus. Spécifiquement, il s’agit de voir comment diverses représentations de l’immigrant se sont cristallisées dans le temps, influant sur les représentations actuelles. Il ne s’agit pas tant d’en interroger les conditions d’émergence que de voir quels effets elles produisent. Il importe également d’identifier les différentes stratégies et pratiques à l’œuvre dans le processus d’immigration. Partant d’un cas singulier, il est possible de dégager des dynamiques plus larges tout en rendant manifestes les liens entre des tendances globales en matière d’immigration (marchandisation et sécurisation) et leurs articulations à une politique nationale. Cette recherche s’articule autour de trois approches – une anthropologie des institutions, une anthropologie de l’État, de la bureaucratie et des bureaucrates et une anthropologie des politiques. L’intrication de celles-ci place la focale sur plusieurs éléments constitutifs du dispositif entourant l’immigration, notamment les institutions canadienne et québécoise d’immigration, les textes législatifs et réglementaires, les politiques, les discours, les diverses mesures et procédures mises en œuvre, les pratiques des employés de ces institutions, etc. À travers une problématisation du rapport à l’immigration, il s’agit de retracer les mutations et les déplacements de ce rapport et de les réinscrire dans une historicité pour voir comment l’immigration et les immigrants ont été constitués comme sujet. Concrètement, l’horizon historique sur lequel prend corps la gestion actuelle de l’immigration est interrogé. La compréhension de la mise en œuvre du contrôle migratoire au Canada repose également sur un examen des politiques d’immigration actuelles. Il s’agit de faire ressortir les catégories implicites participant à la constitution du « sujet-immigrant » en partant des catégorisations bureaucratiques et administratives pour interroger la construction de catégories polarisées – « commodité » et « menace » – entrant en jeu dans la fabrication de l’immigrant « parfait ». Les données ethnographiques, elles, permettent de comprendre les stratégies et les pratiques quotidiennes s’actualisant au sein des institutions d’immigration, de dégager les effets qu’elles produisent sur les immigrants – processus de désubjectivation/resubjectivation, négation de l’histoire de vie, relégation à une simple catégorie préétablie – et d’examiner les micropolitiques à l’œuvre. Enfin, les arguments développés sont ensuite réinscrits dans des logiques plus larges de la gestion des migrations contemporaines. Marchandisation et sécurisation de l’immigration sont effectivement au cœur du dispositif entourant l’immigration, elles sont les principes d’actualisation de la gestion migratoire et permettent de réguler indirectement les flux migratoires, favorisant les circulations pouvant être bénéfiques pour le Canada et restreignant celles qui pourraient être « menaçantes ». En somme, cette recherche permet de saisir en quoi consiste la gestion de l’immigration au Canada.<br>This study offers a critical analysis of the Canadian immigration system through a detailed examination of the process of an immigrant’s selection from within the category of “skilled workers.” It questions the relationship between the Canadian and Quebecois society and immigration by focusing on the way the state operates through the management of the exclusion/inclusion of immigrants, while trying to understand what is at stake during the immigration process by underlining the effects which that unfold upon those involved in this process. Specifically, the study seeks to see how various representations of the immigrant have crystallized over the time, in turn influencing current representations. It is not a matter of questioning the conditions of their emergence, but rather to see the effects they produce. It is also important to identify the range of strategies and practices at work in the immigration process. Starting with a particular case, it is possible to highlight wider dynamics and make apparent the links between global trends in immigration (commodification and securitization) and their articulations with a specific national policy. This research is articulated around three approaches: an anthropology of institutions, an anthropology of the state, bureaucracy and bureaucrats and an anthropology of policy. The intricacies between these approaches places the focus on several constitutive elements of the apparatus surrounding immigration, in particular Canadian and Quebecois immigration institutions, legislative and statutory texts, policies, speeches, diverse measures and procedures implemented, the practices of employees within these institutions, etc. Through a “problematisation” of the relationship to immigration, the aim is to retrace the transformations and movements of this relationship and to recast it in its historicity so as to see how immigration and immigrants are constituted as subjects. More succinctly, it is a questioning of the historic horizon within which the current management of immigration takes shape. This understanding of the implementation of migratory control in Canada is also based on an examination of current immigration policies. It seeks to highlight the implicit categories associated with the constitution of the “subject-immigrant,” starting from bureaucratic and administrative categorizations, in order to question the construction of polarized categories – “commodity” and “threat” – accompanying the “manufacturing” of the “perfect” immigrant. The ethnographic data provided allows an understanding of the strategies and daily practices that are materialized within immigration institutions in order to highlight the effects they produce on immigrants – processes of desubjectivation/resubjectivation, negation of personal life history, reduction to a simple preestablished category – and to examine the micropolitics at work. Finally, the arguments are recast into a wider logics of contemporary migration management. The commodification and securitization of immigration are effectively at the heart of the apparatus surrounding immigration, the “actualisation principles” of the migratory management that allow the indirect regulation of migratory flows that facilitate circulation deemed “beneficial” for Canada, while, at the same time, restricting those who could be “threatening”. In short, this research allows us to understand what consists of the management of immigration in Canada.<br>Thèse de doctorat réalisée dans le cadre d'une cotutelle entre l'Université de Montréal et l'École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales, Paris
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Sittewelle, Méghane. "Règulation du développement de la crête neurale embryonnaire et de la progression du mélanome adulte par une fonction non conventionnelle de PFKFB4 PFKFB4 control of AKT signaling is essential for premigratory and migratory neural crest formation AKT signaling displays multifaceted functions in neural crest development." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASL007.

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Le contrôle de la migration cellulaire est un processus essentiel fortement conservé chez l'embryon et lors de la formation des métastases à partir de tumeur primaires. La crête neurale (CN) est une population cellulaire embryonnaire multipotente, définie par sa capacité à migrer à travers l’embryon et donnant naissance à de nombreux dérivés tels que les os et cartilages craniofaciaux ou les mélanocytes, cellules pigmentées de la peau. Ses caractéristiques cellulaires et moléculaires font de la CN un très bon modèle physiologique permettant de comprendre le développement de métastases. L’équipe Monsoro-Burq a identifié un nouveau régulateur de la transition épithélium-mésenchyme et la migration de la CN in vivo, connu pour réguler la glycolyse, appelé PFKFB4. Contrairement à l'hypothèse initiale d'un contrôle de PFKFB4 sur la glycolyse l’équipe démontré que PFKFB4 est indispensable pour la mise en place de la CN, en activant la signalisation PI3K/AKT, indépendamment de son rôle de régulateur de la glycolyse (Pegoraro et al. 2015). L’objectif de cette thèse consiste à établir si ce lien nouveau entre PFKFB4 et l'activation de la signalisation AKT est important au cours de la migration de la CN et dans un contexte de cancer invasif ainsi que de définir quels en sont les mécanismes moléculaires. Dans un premier temps, nous avons montré que PFKFB4 joue un double rôle, à la fois sur la glycolyse et sur la voie PI3K/AKT pour le contrôle de la migration des cellules de la CN (Figueiredo et al. 2017). Dans un second temps, nous avons choisi d’étudier cela dans des cellules humaines de mélanomes, un modèle de cancer dérivé de la crête neurale, où PFKFB4 est surexprimé. Nous avons montré que PFKFB4 contrôle la migration de cellules de mélanome indépendamment de son rôle sur la glycolyse, comme dans l’embryon. Dans le mélanome et la CN, nous avons montré que PFKFB4 agit indirectement sur AKT. Nous avons recherché un partenaire de PFKFB4 par spectrométrie de masse et identifié ICMT, un régulateur de la localisation de RAS. Enfin, nous avons pu explorer l’importance de cette interaction dans le contrôle de la voie AKT et de la migration des cellules de mélanome (Sittewelle et al., 2020). Ce travail de thèse a permis d’explorer le détail moléculaire par lequel PFKFB4, régulateur du métabolisme cellulaire, contrôle également par un mécanisme non conventionnel, la réponse des cellules aux signaux de leur environnement et la migration cellulaire. Nos résultats permettent de décrire un nouveau lien fondamental de la coordination de la migration dans le contexte physiologique des migrations embryonnaires et celui pathologique des métastases<br>Control of cell migration is highly conserved between embryo and metastasis formation from primary tumors. The neural crest (NC) is a multipotent cell population defined by its migratory properties, giving rise to multiple derivatives as bones and cartilages of the face or melanocytes which are pigmented cells of the skin. Cellular and molecular properties of NC make of it a very good physiological model helping to understand the development of metastasis. Monsoro-Burq team identified a new regulator of NC in vivo, known to regulates glycolysis, called PFKFB4. The team demonstrated that PFKFB4 is essential for NC induction, in a glycolysis independent manner, via PI3K/AKT signaling (Pegoraro et al., 2015). The aim of this thesis is to establish if this new link between PFKFB4 and AKT activation is important during NC migration and in an invasive cancer context, as well as defining what are the underlying molecular mechanisms. First, we have shown that PFKFB4 is playing a double role, both on glycolysis and PI3K/AKT signaling to control NC cell migration (Figueiredo et al., 2017). Secondly, we chose to study this regulation in human melanoma cell line, a model of neural crest derived cancer, where PFKFB4 is overexpressed. We have shown that PFKFB4 control cell migration independently of its role in glycolysis, as during NC development. In melanoma and in NC, we found that PFKFB4 act indirectly on AKT. We looked for a partner of PFKFB4 with mass spectrometry and identified ICMT, a regulator of RAS subcellular localization. Finaly, we explored the importance of this interaction in AKT activation and melanoma cell migration (Sittewelle et al., 2020). This thesis work allowed to explore the molecular detail by which PFKFB4, a cell metabolism regulator, also control the response of cells to signals from their environment and their migration, by a non-canonical mechanism. Our results allow us to describe a new fundamental link in the coordination of cell migration in the physiological context of embryonic cell migration and pathological context of metastasis
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Chaveneau, Clio. "Les "internationaux" dans les territoires palestiniens occupés : trajectoires, expériences migratoires et engagements sociopolitiques." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCB140.

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Cette recherche porte sur la migration de citoyens de pays du Nord dans les Territoires Palestiniens Occupés (TPO). Elle vise à analyser les trajectoires sociales et migratoires de ces individus, désignés localement « internationaux », ainsi qu'à montrer comment ils sont des acteurs dans la situation locale au travers de leurs mobilités, leurs emplois et leurs engagements. Cette problématique de recherche s'inscrit au croisement de deux phénomènes : d'une part, la diversification et l'accroissement des migrations internationales, et plus spécifiquement celles allant du Nord vers le Sud, et, d'autre part, l'émergence de conditions matérielles et professionnelles favorables à l'arrivée de citoyens étrangers dans un pays en conflit, sous l'effet de l'afflux massif de l'aide internationale depuis les années 1990. L'étude des profils sociaux des « internationaux » résidant dans les TPO révèle une forte homogénéité sociale et culturelle : on observe ainsi une migration de jeunes hautement diplômés, issus de familles de classes moyennes supérieures d'Europe ou d'Amérique du Nord, et particulièrement dotés en capitaux culturels. Toutefois, l'analyse des trajectoires souligne une certaine diversité des parcours migratoires et des liens entretenus à la Palestine. La seconde partie de cette thèse s'intéresse à la place politique et sociale des « internationaux » dans l'espace israélo-palestinien. La question des mobilités est cruciale pour saisir la position inédite de cette population migrante. Sa présence dans les TPO fait l'objet d'un contrôle important et croissant de la part des autorités israéliennes qui cherchent à la limiter et à la surveiller. Dans le même temps, à l'intérieur de l'espace israélo-palestinien, les « internationaux » bénéficient de droits à la mobilité dont sont privés les Palestiniens. L'étude des privilèges et des tensions qui en ressortent permet d'interroger les positionnements et le rôle de ces étrangers. Enfin, deux autres thématiques sont explorées : leur participation au système de l'aide internationale et leur engagements politiques vis-à-vis de la cause palestinienne. Tour à tour, pris dans les dynamiques sociopolitiques locales et partie prenante de ces mêmes dynamiques, les citoyens étrangers résidant dans les TPO représentent pour la recherche une entrée heuristique pour penser les circulations Nord-Sud comme la situation palestinienne actuelle<br>This PhD research studies the current migration of nationals from northern countries to the occupied Palestinian territories (oPt). It aims to analyze the social and migratory trajectories of those called "internationals" and attempts to highlight how, through their mobility practices, work and political engagements, they can be considered a new group of actors in the oPt. This core question falls within two global and regional phenomena: first, the increase and diversification of international migration, especially North to South flows, and secondly, the vast rate of international assistance to the oPt since the 1990s, which has resulted in the emergence of tangible conditions conducive to the migration of foreign citizens to a conflict zone. By examining their social features, a strong social and cultural homogeneity of an apparently divers group of individuals becomes apparent; it is a migration of relatively young, affluent people from the upper middle classes of Europe or North America, endowed with cultural and international capital. However, the study of the trajectories that led them to oPt reveals a diversity of migratory paths and links to Palestine. The second part of my PhD thesis tackles the social and political role and position of "internationals". Mobility rights and practices are a relevant and challenging angle to discuss the atypical position of such migrants. Indeed, Israeli authorities seek to monitor, control and limit foreign presence in the oPt (through a variety of measures), transforming privileged people into suspected and unwanted individuals. Yet inside the Israeli-Palestinian space, they are granted mobility privileges which allow them to circulate freely while Palestinians are rendered immobile in their homeland. The study of these privileges and the resulting tension calls into question internationals' position in Palestinian society. Finally, internationals' participation in the aid regime and the political actions taken by some migrants on the Palestinian cause are addressed. Through the political and socio-economic implications of their presence, western citizens living in the oPt are an heuristic point of entry to contribute to the fields of North-South migration studies and Palestinian studies
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Castilla, Juárez Karlos Artemio. "Privación de libertad de personas migrantes extranjeras sine permissum y sin causas penales en España y México." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/385918.

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La privación de libertad de personas migrantes extranjeras sine permissum y sin causas penales es una política de control migratorio que, a pesar de tener una larga historia, se ha expandido de manera creciente en todas las regiones del mundo a partir de la década de los años setenta. España y México no han sido excepción de ello y la implementan con el llamado internamiento y alojamiento, respectivamente. Al ser una medida que trasciende en la libertad personal y pone bajo cuestionamiento la eficacia de los principios de igualdad y no discriminación, en este trabajo, después de hacer un recorrido por los mitos y realidades de la migración, los elementos esenciales de la igualdad, no discriminación, derechos de extranjería y libertad personal, en los sistemas legales aplicables en cada uno de los dos países bajo análisis; se somete a escrutinio a esa política de control migratorio a fin de determinar si se puede considerar admisible dentro de los sistemas constitucionales de derechos humanos de España y México.<br>La privació de llibertat de persones migrants estrangeres sine permissum i sense causes penals és una política de control migratori que, tot i tenir una llarga història, s'ha expandit de manera creixent en totes les regions del món a partir de la dècada dels anys setanta. Espanya i Mèxic no han estat excepció d'això i la implementen amb l'anomenat internament i allotjament, respectivament. Com que és una mesura que transcendeix a la llibertat personal i posa sota qüestionament l'eficàcia dels principis d'igualtat i no discriminació, en aquest treball, després de fer un recorregut pels mites i realitats de la migració, els elements essencials de la igualtat, no discriminació, drets d'estrangeria i llibertat personal, en els sistemes legals aplicables en cada un dels dos països sota anàlisi; se sotmet a escrutini a aquesta política de control migratori a fi de determinar si es pot considerar admissible dins dels sistemes constitucionals de drets humans d'Espanya i Mèxic.<br>The detention of foreign migrants sine permissum and without criminal charges is a migration control policy that, despite having a long history, it has increasingly expanded in all regions of the world since the decade of the seventies. Spain and Mexico have been no exception to this, which has been implemented with the so called internamiento and alojamiento, respectively. As a measure that affects personal liberty and puts under question the effectiveness of the principles of equality and non-discrimination, in this dissertation, after a critical review of the myths and realities of migration, plus the essential elements of equality, nondiscrimination, rights of foreigner and personal liberty in the applicable legal systems in each of the two countries under analysis; this immigration control policy is subjected to scrutiny in order to determine whether it can be considered permissible within the constitutional human rights systems of Spain and Mexico.
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Pardo-Figueroa, Thays Carlos. "Los gitanos en el Perú y el proyecto de control migratorio de 1952." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2014. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/114470.

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Munguia, Pimentel Uziel Emanuell. "ANÁLISIS DEL FOREIGN ACCOUNT TAX COMPLIANCE ACT (FATCA) PARA EL CASO DE LOS MEXICANOS CON RESIDENCIA Y CIUDADANÍA FISCAL EN LOS ESTADOS UNIDOS, ANTE EL NUEVO CONTROL DE LA FISCALIDAD INTERNACIONAL." Tesis de Licenciatura, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11799/68190.

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La ley Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (desde ahora en adelante FATCA) es el resultado del fenómeno de la globalización, en cuya elaboración fue hecha en un paquete de reformas con la intención de fomentar el empleo en EE. UU. sin embargo FATCA amplia, la facultad potestativa tributaria por medio del intercambio de información automática al obligar a las instituciones financieras de todo el mundo a reportar las cuentas bancarias de sus ciudadanos y residentes americanos ante el Internal Revenue Service (desde ahora en adelante IRS) al sancionar a todos aquellos que se reúsen a otorgar información con una retención bancaria del 30% por no reportar sus estados financieros al gobierno de EE. UU. Al tomar en cuenta lo anterior, es de vital importancia para México si consideramos el número de migrantes o habitantes mexicanos que viajan o viven en los EE. UU. los cuales, según datos de Pew Research Center 34.6 millones de habitantes son de origen mexicano y 11.5 millones de habitantes son inmigrantes cuyo nivel de educación básica es del 26% pero al considerar solo a la población inmigrante este porcentaje aumenta al 61% además debemos distinguir que la edad media de la población mexicana en EE. UU. es de 26 años lo que implicaría un posible conflicto ante cualquier cambio o modificación que pueda tener la ley FATCA al ser una legislación americana interna. Dado que FATCA fue implementado en el año 2010 esta, investigación abordara la cooperación internacional fomentado por la Organización para la Cooperación y Desarrollo Económico (desde ahora en adelante OCDE) también aludiremos a la celebración de tratados internacionales en materia económica como a la protección de datos y los derechos del contribuye
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Pillant, Laurence. "La frontière comme assemblage : géographie critique du contrôle migratoire à la frontière orientale de la Grèce." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0268/document.

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La frontière orientale de la Grèce connaît depuis le début des années 2000 une augmentation des arrivées de migrants qui la franchissent sans autorisation. Le pays, nouvellement dans lʼespace Schengen, est jusque là muni dʼun cadre législatif prévu pour une immigration albanaise dont les autorités contrôlent les arrivées et envers laquelle elles pratiquent lʼexpulsion. Au fil des années 2000, lʼaugmentation des arrivées de migrants à la frontière gréco-turque et une combinaison de prises de décisions politiques autant locales, nationales, quʼeuropéennes, voire mondiales, a entraîné lʼémergence de lieux dʼenfermement. Cʼest lʼensemble de ces évolutions, leurs enjeux et leurs conséquences que ce travail décrypte. Théoriquement et méthodologiquement inscrit dans une approche sociale et politique en géographie, la frontière est envisagée comme un assemblage. Cela permet de comprendre comment le contrôle migratoire sʼétend à de nouveaux espaces et à de nouveaux acteurs, prolongeant ainsi la frontière au-delà de la ligne de séparation. Les modalités de cette extension frontalière sont autant le fait des cadres législatifs et des pratiques policières à différentes échelles que de lʼenvironnement socioculturel des espaces frontaliers. La manière dont ces éléments sʼimbriquent pour former une frontière réticulaire et performative permet dʼancrer la réflexion au cœur dʼun débat géographique sur les nouvelles formes de frontières contemporaines et leurs localisations. Du franchissement frontalier jusquʼau cœur du territoire grec, cette thèse expose les modalités de production et de reproduction des situations de frontières pour les migrants dans le pays<br>Since the start of the millenium Greeceʼs eastern border has witnessed an increase in the flow of irregular migrants from Africa, the Middle East and Asia. Although the country entered Schengen a few years back, its immigration laws catered mainly for arrivals from Albania, an immigration that the autorities wanted to keep under control and where expulsions were possible. Throughout the noughties, new places of confinment were built in response to increasing numbers of migrants at the border between Greece and Turkey, and based on a combination of political decisions taken locally, nationally, at European level and even globally. This essay deciphers these trends, what is at stake and the consequences that they carry. From a theoretical and methodological point of view, encompassing a social and political approach in geography, borders are considered as an assemblage. This makes it easier to understand how migratory control expands beyond the geographical line of separation between Greece and Turkey and into new spaces involving new players. This expansion of the borders is the result of the legal framework, the policing practices at all levels and the sociocultural environment of these areas. The way in which these various elements come together to form a border that is both reticular and performative, enables us to position our thoughts within the geographical debate on new forms of contemporary borders and their localisation. From crossing the border to life inside the greek territory, this thesis presents the ways in which border situations are created and reproduced for the migrants in that country
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Books on the topic "Migratory Control"

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Kolb, Raimund Theodor. Die ostasiatische Wanderheuschrecke und ihre Bekämpfung unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Ming- und Qing-Zeit (1368-1911). Edition Forum, 1996.

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US GOVERNMENT. An Act to Assure the Long-Term Conservation of Mid-Continent Light Geese and the Biological Diversity of the Ecosystem upon Which Many North American Migratory Birds Depend, by Directing the Secretary of the Interior to Implement Rules to Reduce the Overabundant Population of Mid-Continent Light Geese. U.S. G.P.O., 1999.

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Políticas de control migratorio: Estudio comparado de España y EE.UU. Edicions Bellaterra, 2012.

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La regulación de la inmigración irregular: Derechos humanos y el control de fronteras en la Unión Europea. Aranzadi, Thomson Reuters, 2014.

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Office, General Accounting. Defense IRM: Poor implementation of management controls has put migraton strategy at risk : report to the Ranking Minority Member, Committee on Governmental Affairs, U.S. Senate. The Office, 1997.

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Cernadas, Pablo Ceriani. Nińez detenida, los derechos de los niños, niñas y adolescentes migrantes en la frontera México-Guatemala: Diagnóstico y propuesta para pasar del control migratorio a la protección integral de la niñez. Distribuciones Fontamara, 2013.

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Zhongguo dong Ya fei huang fa sheng yu zhi li. Xin hua shu dian Beijing fa xing suo fa xing, 1999.

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Greer, Kirsten A. Red Coats and Wild Birds. University of North Carolina Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469649832.001.0001.

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During the nineteenth century, Britain maintained a complex network of garrisons to manage its global empire. While these bases helped the British project power and secure trade routes, they served more than just a strategic purpose. During their tours abroad, many British officers engaged in formal and informal scientific research. In this ambitious history of ornithology and empire, Red Coats and Wild Birds tracks British officers as they moved around the world, just as migratory birds traversed borders from season to season. The book examines the lives, writings, and collections of a number of ornithologist-officers, arguing that the transnational encounters between military men and birds simultaneously shaped military strategy, ideas about race and masculinity, and conceptions of the British Empire. Collecting specimens and tracking migratory bird patterns enabled these men to map the British Empire and the world and therefore to exert imagined control over it. Through its examination of the influence of bird watching on military science and soldiers' contributions to ornithology, Red Coats and Wild Birds remaps empire, nature, and scientific inquiry in the nineteenth-century world.
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Moreno-Lax, Violeta. Chronology and Conceptualization of ‘Integrated Border Management’: The ‘Embodied Border’ Paradigm. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198701002.003.0002.

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Since the communautarisation of the Schengen acquis, the EU is meant to build a system of ‘integrated border management’ (IBM) to help ensuring the administration of migratory flows ‘at all their stages’. The idea is that effective entry control cannot be based solely on checks at the external borders of the Member States but ‘must cover every step taken by a third country national from the time he begins his journey to the time he reaches his destination’. EU entry/pre-entry controls thus comprise a series of extraterritorial measures carried out abroad. This chapter describes this evolution in detail. It traces the origins and development of IBM, covering institutional, constitutional, as well as legal and political changes to the present day. The recognition that the ‘strengthening of European border controls should not prevent access to protection systems by those people entitled to benefit under them’ is introduced also at this stage, providing the starting point to the entire research.
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Hedenström, Anders. Flight. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199674923.003.0032.

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Animal flight represents a great challenge and model for biomimetic design efforts. Powered flight at low speeds requires not only appropriate lifting surfaces (wings) and actuator (engine), but also an advanced sensory control system to allow maneuvering in confined spaces, and take-off and landing. Millions of years of evolutionary tinkering has resulted in modern birds and bats, which are achieve controlled maneuvering flight as well as hovering and cruising flight with trans-continental non-stop migratory flights enduring several days in some bird species. Unsteady aerodynamic mechanisms allows for hovering and slow flight in insects, birds and bats, such as for example the delayed stall with a leading edge vortex used to enhance lift at slows speeds. By studying animal flight with the aim of mimicking key adaptations allowing flight as found in animals, engineers will be able to design micro air vehicles of similar capacities.
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Book chapters on the topic "Migratory Control"

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Antonov, A. G., and V. E. Kambulin. "Forecasting seasonal dynamics of the Asiatic migratory locust using the Locusta migratoria migratoria — Phragmites australis forecasting system." In New Strategies in Locust Control. Birkhäuser Basel, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-9202-5_11.

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Welling, M., and G. Zimmermann. "Sorosporella sp., a fungal pathogen of the migratory locust, Locusta migratoria capito, in Madagascar." In New Strategies in Locust Control. Birkhäuser Basel, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-9202-5_35.

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Scherer, R., and H. Célestin. "Persistence of benzoylphenylureas in the control of the migratory locust Locusta migratoria capito (Sauss.) in Madagascar." In New Strategies in Locust Control. Birkhäuser Basel, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-9202-5_17.

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Docker, Margaret F., and Ian C. Potter. "Life History Evolution in Lampreys: Alternative Migratory and Feeding Types." In Lampreys: Biology, Conservation and Control. Springer Netherlands, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-1684-8_4.

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Musuna, A. C. Z., and F. N. Mugisha. "Evaluation of insect growth regulators for the control of the African migratory locust, Locusta migratoria migratorioides (R. & F.), in Central Africa." In New Strategies in Locust Control. Birkhäuser Basel, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-9202-5_18.

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Becher, Paul G., and Santosh V. Revadi. "Current Knowledge on the Migratory Moth Autographa gamma as Basis for Future Chemo-ecological Research." In Progress in Biological Control. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44838-7_12.

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Dobson, H., J. Cooper, A. Rakotonandrasana, and R. Scherer. "Economics and practicalities of migratory locust hopper band control using barriers of insect growth regulator." In New Strategies in Locust Control. Birkhäuser Basel, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-9202-5_62.

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Bourrat, F., T. Gotow, and C. Sotelo. "Development of the Rat Inferior Olive: Migratory Routes, Formation of Afferent and Efferent Connections." In The Olivocerebellar System in Motor Control. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73920-0_13.

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Prieto-Blanco, Patricia. "Afterword: Visual Research in Migration. (In)Visibilities, Participation, Discourses." In IMISCOE Research Series. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67608-7_18.

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AbstractProfound developments in terms of scale, diversity of digital media and prosumerism (García-Galera &amp; Valdivia, 2014; Madianou, 2011) in the last decade have resulted in vast monitoring of movement, migratory or otherwise. While migrants have been outlined as digital natives, early adopters and heavy users of digital technologies (Ponzanesi &amp; Leurs, 2014); the intersection of ICT (Information and Communications Technology) and migration is still under-researched (Oiarzabal &amp; Reips 2012), Madianou’s (2011) work being a notable exception. As Leurs and Prabhakar highlight (2018, p. 247), the implications of the rise of ubiquitous and pervasive technologies (software and hardware) for the migration experience can be grouped in two sets of media practices. On the one hand, these technologies are used to reproduce and (forcefully) enforce top-down control by (state) authorities. On the other, they enable migrants - both voluntary and forced - to connect (dis)affectively, manage kinship and other relationships (Cabalquinto, 2018; Madianou, 2012; Prieto-Blanco, 2016), participate in collective processes (Siapera &amp; Veikou, 2013; Martínez Martínez, 2017; Özdemir, Mutluer &amp; Özyürek, 2019), establish a sense of belonging (Yue, Li, Jin, &amp; Feldman, 2013; Budarick, 2015; Gencel-Bek &amp; Prieto-Blanco, 2020), and move money across borders (Aker, 2018; Batista &amp; Narciso, 2013). “[T]he transformed epistolary base and the communication infrastructure of the migrant experience” (Hedge 2016, p. 3), with their distinct affordances, impact on how migration is currently understood via a focus on connectivity and presence. Stay in touch. Remain within reaching distance. Leave, but let your presence linger.
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Paiva, M. Rosa. "Potential for the use of semiochemicals against Locusta migratoria migratorioides (R. & F.)." In New Strategies in Locust Control. Birkhäuser Basel, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-9202-5_45.

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Conference papers on the topic "Migratory Control"

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Howard, Paul R., Jerald J. Hinkel, and Nita Moniaga. "Assessing Formation Damage From Migratory Clays in Moderate Permeability Formations." In SPE International Symposium and Exhibition on Formation Damage Control. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/151818-ms.

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Romain, Gabrielle, Harjeet Singh, Ivan Liadi, Jay R. Adolacion, Laurence J. N. Cooper, and Navin Varadarajan. "Abstract B082: Migratory T cells demonstrate superior persistence and enhanced tumor control." In Abstracts: Second CRI-CIMT-EATI-AACR International Cancer Immunotherapy Conference: Translating Science into Survival; September 25-28, 2016; New York, NY. American Association for Cancer Research, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/2326-6066.imm2016-b082.

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Farahat, Waleed A., and H. Harry Asada. "Control of Eukaryotic Cell Migration Through Modulation of Extracellular Chemoattractant Gradients." In ASME 2010 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2010-4190.

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Cell migration is fundamental to a wide range of biological and physiological functions including: wound healing, immune defense, cancer metastasis, as well as the formation and development of biological structures such as vascular and neural networks. In these diverse processes, cell migration is influenced by a broad set of external mechanical and biochemical cues, particularly the presence of (time dependent) spatial gradients of soluble chemoattractants in the extracellular domain. Many biological models have been proposed to explain the mechanisms leading to the migratory response of cells as a function of these external cues. Based on such models, here we propose approaches to controlling the chemotactic response of eukaryotic cells by modulating their micro-environments in vitro (for example, using a microfluidic chemotaxis chamber). By explicitly modeling i) chemoattractant-receptor binding kinetics, ii) diffusion dynamics in the extracellular domain, and iii) the chemotactic response of cells, models for the migration processes arise. Based on those models, optimal control formulations are derived. We present simulation results, and suggest experimental approaches to controlling cellular motility in vitro, which can be used as a basis for cellular manipulation and control.
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Sazali, Y., W. L. Sazali, J. M. Ibrahim, et al. "Fines Migration During CO2 Saturated Brine Flow in Carbonate Reservoirs with Some Migratory Clay Minerals – The Malaysian Formations." In SPE International Conference and Exhibition on Formation Damage Control. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/189569-ms.

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Sharma, Puja, Brian Koons, and Amrinder S. Nain. "Blebbing Dynamics, Single Cell Force Measurements, and the Influence of Cytochalasin D on Glioblastoma Multiforme Cells Using STEP Fibers." In ASME 2013 2nd Global Congress on NanoEngineering for Medicine and Biology. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nemb2013-93105.

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Classified as a grade IV tumor of the central nervous system, Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) arises from the glia. A poor understanding of tumor metastasis and limited treatment options have led to increase in deaths of patients suffering from GBM. Studying glioma behavior using aligned structures that mimic native glioblastoma metastatic path is challenging. In this study, we utilize a previously described non-electrospinning platform to manufacture aligned 3D structures called STEP nanonets that not only allows the study of individual cell-nanofiber interaction, but also allows the calculation of migratory forces using beam mechanics. In particular, the blebbing dynamics, force generation, and the effect of an actin disruptor, Cytochalasin D have been investigated on a glioma cell line (DBTRG, Denver Based Tumor Research Group). It was observed that cell pulled onto the nanofibers causing measurable deflections when they were in spread and non-blebbing conditions. In non-spread configurations while attached to fibers, the cells acquired spherical configurations and resumed blebbing. The average migratory force generated by cells exposed to DMSO (control, 1:1000 dilution) using nanonets of 2μm by 400nm fibers was 0.58±0.06nN. Actin disruptor, Cytochalasin D severely compromised the ability of the glioma cells to migrate causing no deflection of the fibers. Forces exerted by tumor cells on their native microenvironment affects their ability to metastasize, invade and proliferate. While the result presents actin disruptor as a potential target to minimize metastasis, the influence of other cytoskeleton disruptors can also be studied using the platform. Moreover, the results obtained from the study can be utilized to better understand the individual cell – nanofibers interaction which can shed light on how cells interact with their native environment during metastasis.
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Sugahara, Ryohei. "Corazonin gene controls gregarious characteristics in the desert and migratory locusts." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.111885.

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Reports on the topic "Migratory Control"

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Avery, Michael L., and Anthony G. Dufflney. Cedar Waxwings. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2016.7207734.ws.

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The cedar waxwing is one of two waxwing species found in North America. The other species is the Bohemian waxwing. Both belong to the avian family Bombycillidae. Prevention and control of cedar waxwing (Bombycilla cedrorum) damage to small fruits such as blueberry, cherry, and strawberry is vexing to growers in many parts of the United States. Fully protected by the international Migratory Bird Treaty Act, waxwings cannot be taken without a depredation permit issued by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
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2

Avery, Michael L., and James R. Lindsay. Monk Parakeets. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2016.7208743.ws.

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Abstract:
Since their introduction to the United States in the 1960s, monk parakeets (Myiopsittamonachus) have thrived. Monk parakeets often construct nests on man-made structures, such as electric utility facilities and cell phone towers. Monk parakeets are non-native and not protected by the Federal Migratory Bird Treaty Act. Their status at the State level varies considerably─from no regulation to complete protection. Thus, it is best to consult with the appropriate local wildlife management agency before initiating any control efforts. The monk parakeet is a popular cage bird, and although imports from South America have ceased, many are available in the U.S. through captive breeding and from individuals who take young birds from nests.
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3

Lowney, Martin S., Scott F. Beckerman, Scott C. Barras, and Thomas W. Seamans. Gulls. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2018.7208740.ws.

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Abstract:
Abundant gull populations in North America have led to a variety of conflicts with people. Gulls cause damage at aquaculture facilities and other properties, and often collide with aircraft. Their use of structures on and near water results in excessive amounts of bird droppings on boats and docks. Their presence near outdoor dining establishments, swimming beaches, and recreational sites can lead to negative interactions with people. Large amounts of gull fecal material pollutes water and beaches resulting in drinking water contamination and swim bans. A combination of dispersal techniques, exclusion and limited lethal control may reduce damage to an acceptable level. Gulls are classified as a migratory bird species and are protected by federal and, in most cases, state laws. In the United States, gulls may be taken only with a permit issued by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Occasionally, an additional permit is required from the state wildlife management agency.
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