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Journal articles on the topic 'Migratory experience'
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1
Sousa, Bernardo. "The Migratory Experience of Portugal." Center for Migration Studies special issues 21, no. 1 (2008): 173–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2050-411x.2008.tb00399.x.
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Healy, S. D., E. Gwinner, and J. R. Krebs. "Hippocampal volume in migratory and non-migratory warblers: effects of age and experience." Behavioural Brain Research 81, no. 1-2 (1996): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0166-4328(96)00044-7.
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Speidel, Ruth, Emma Galarneau, Danah Elsayed, et al. "Refugee Children’s Social–Emotional Capacities: Links to Mental Health upon Resettlement and Buffering Effects on Pre-Migratory Adversity." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 22 (2021): 12180. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182212180.
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Refugee children who experience severe pre-migratory adversity often show varying levels of mental health upon resettlement. Thus, it is critical to identify the factors that explain which refugee children experience more vs. less healthy outcomes. The present study assessed child social–emotional capacities (i.e., emotion regulation, sympathy, optimism, and trust) as potential moderators of associations between child, parental, and familial pre-migratory adversities and child mental health (i.e., internalizing and externalizing symptoms) upon resettlement. Participants were N = 123 five- to 12-year-old Syrian refugee children and their mothers living in Canada. Children and mothers reported their pre-migratory adverse life experiences, and mothers reported their children’s current social–emotional capacities, internalizing symptoms, and externalizing symptoms. Greater familial (i.e., the sum of children’s and their mother’s) pre-migratory adversity was associated with higher child internalizing and externalizing symptoms upon resettlement. Higher emotion regulation and optimism were associated with lower internalizing and externalizing symptoms, and higher sympathy was associated with lower externalizing symptoms. In contrast, higher trust was associated with higher internalizing symptoms. Finally, higher child optimism buffered against the positive association between familial pre-migratory adversity and child internalizing symptoms. In sum, select social–emotional capacities may serve as potential protective factors that support mental health and buffer against the deleterious effects of pre-migratory adversity in refugee children.
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Elia, Anna, and Valentina Fedele. "‘Islam is a Place Inside Myself’: Material and Immaterial Re-Positioning of Religion in the Living Experience of Unaccompanied Muslim Minors in Italy." International Journal of Islamic Architecture 10, no. 2 (2021): 441–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/ijia_00051_1.
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European sociological studies on refugees who are hosted by national protection systems primarily focus on intervention practice and are particularly attentive to the regulatory and social conditions that produce refugees’ precariousness. Studies that consider refugee subjectivity through migratory experiences are rare. In the case of unaccompanied minors, a protection/control dynamic is widespread, as the vulnerability of young refugees is often used as a pretext for setting up institutions to contain their aspirations and their life plans. This article argues that analysis of the role of religion, i.e., the place of the religious in the experiences of unaccompanied minors, is a way to focus on the subjectivities of young refugees, thereby building an understanding of the essential issues surrounding the migration experience. The article is based on research conducted in Calabria, in southern Italy, involving unaccompanied Muslim minors hosted in reception centres. With the aim to understand the religiosity of individuals, this empirical investigation presents the migratory experience of each minor, taking into account trajectories, family ties, and ways of transitioning into adulthood. Considering how these three areas are interconnected by the young refugees’ ‘musulmanity’ (their sense of being Muslim) has made it possible to be attentive to their agency, to the meaning these minors give to their actions, and to their migratory experiences.
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Chernyshova, Svitlana. "The US migratory novel: toward the ideology of genre." Journal of V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Series "Philology", no. 92 (August 15, 2023): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.26565/2227-1864-2023-92-07.
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This article focuses on the US migratory novel and the reasons it has been overlooked in literary scholarship. It is emphasized that the study of migration experience is important as it represents the worldview of historical subjects who, although they contributed a lot to the building of the New World, always existed on the margins of both real life and fiction. Literary scholars concentrated on the fictional images of colonizers, builders of a new world order, pioneers, farmers, cowboys, but not immigrants as such, although all these identities of American history were rooted in the migration experience, whether of their own or of their parents or grandparents. The aim of this article is to draw attention to the genre of the American migratory novel, which is underrepresented in literary criticism, and to identify the connection between migration literary discourse and the ideological regimes of specific historical periods. Nevertheless, migratory fiction serves as a powerful tool for negotiating narrow group representations within the larger receiving community. By depicting the experiences, challenges, and aspirations of migrants, it offers a platform to explore the complexities of cultural identity, displacement, and assimilation. Migratory fiction challenges the dominant narratives and stereotypes imposed upon migrant communities, seeking to humanize their stories and promote empathy and understanding among the receiving community. These narratives navigate the fine balance between preserving the unique cultural heritage of migrants and engaging with the broader context of their new surroundings. They challenge existing notions of national identity, fostering a more inclusive and diverse understanding of what it means to be American. A perspective for further research is the analysis of migration experience in literary writings and its correlation with developments in other fields of humanities. As migratory fiction expands our horizons, encouraging us to embrace and celebrate the multifaceted nature of diversity in all its forms.
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Rus, Adrian I., Adam E. Duerr, Tricia A. Miller, James R. Belthoff, and Todd E. Katzner. "Counterintuitive roles of experience and weather on migratory performance." Auk 134, no. 3 (2017): 485–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1642/auk-16-147.1.
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Rolland, Jonathan, Frédéric Jiguet, Knud Andreas Jønsson, Fabien L. Condamine, and Hélène Morlon. "Settling down of seasonal migrants promotes bird diversification." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 281, no. 1784 (2014): 20140473. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.0473.
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How seasonal migration originated and impacted diversification in birds remains largely unknown. Although migratory behaviour is likely to affect bird diversification, previous studies have not detected any effect. Here, we infer ancestral migratory behaviour and the effect of seasonal migration on speciation and extinction dynamics using a complete bird tree of life. Our analyses infer that sedentary behaviour is ancestral, and that migratory behaviour evolved independently multiple times during the evolutionary history of birds. Speciation of a sedentary species into two sedentary daughter species is more frequent than speciation of a migratory species into two migratory daughter species. However, migratory species often diversify by generating a sedentary daughter species in addition to the ancestral migratory one. This leads to an overall higher migratory speciation rate. Migratory species also experience lower extinction rates. Hence, although migratory species represent a minority (18.5%) of all extant birds, they have a higher net diversification rate than sedentary species. These results suggest that the evolution of seasonal migration in birds has facilitated diversification through the divergence of migratory subpopulations that become sedentary, and illustrate asymmetrical diversification as a mechanism by which diversification rates are decoupled from species richness.
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Mueller, Thomas, Robert B. O’Hara, Sarah J. Converse, Richard P. Urbanek, and William F. Fagan. "Social Learning of Migratory Performance." Science 341, no. 6149 (2013): 999–1002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1237139.
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Successful bird migration can depend on individual learning, social learning, and innate navigation programs. Using 8 years of data on migrating whooping cranes, we were able to partition genetic and socially learned aspects of migration. Specifically, we analyzed data from a reintroduced population wherein all birds were captive bred and artificially trained by ultralight aircraft on their first lifetime migration. For subsequent migrations, in which birds fly individually or in groups but without ultralight escort, we found evidence of long-term social learning, but no effect of genetic relatedness on migratory performance. Social learning from older birds reduced deviations from a straight-line path, with 7 years of experience yielding a 38% improvement in migratory accuracy.
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Chacko, Rev Simon. "MIGRATION IS THE CORE OF THE GOSPEL." BIBLICAL STUDIES JOURNAL 04, no. 01 (2022): 68–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.54513/bsj.2022.4105.
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Bible is enriched with migratory stories. The salad pages of the Genesis of the Bible expose the story of the Migration of Adam and Eve from their divinely granted habitat, and the closing pages of the Book of Revelation restore man from the migratory phenomenon. This article proposes to enhance how the spiritual community comprehends the modem challenges of the migrant world, especially with Middle East migration. This paper adopts an Interpretive Phenomenological Approach (IPA) where the experience can be a source of information providing detailed examinations of personal lived experience.
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Titili, Denisa. "The Impact of Financial and Social Remittances in Perpetuating Migration (Albanian Migration Context)." European Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies 1, no. 3 (2016): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejms.v1i3.p82-86.
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Since 1990 Albania has experienced massive external and international migration due to political, economical and social changes occurred in Albanian society. Albanian migration represents a variety of migratory experiences and a combination of different forms of migration (internal, external, temporary, permanent, etc) and destinations. Albania’s contemporaneous mass emigration and internal migration over the short span of time since 1990 provides an excellent laboratory to study the inter links of these types of migration (King R, Skeldon R, - Vullnetari J, 2008: 33). Migration and remittances have changed the social face of Albanian society. Based on the theoretical framework of De Haas (2010) that social remittances can further strengthen migration aspiration, the aim of this paper is to highlight the impact of financial and social remittances from emigrants to Greece in encouraging internal (rural to urban) and external ongoing migration. Data collection will be provided by in-depth interviews. This paper will base on case-histories of Albanian families with different migratory experience to show off how emigration to Greece has lead to a subsequent internal migration within Albania.
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Photiou, Maria. "Re-claiming the lost home: The politics of nostalgia and belonging in women's art practices in the Middle East." Image & Text, no. 37 (December 10, 2023): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2617-3255/2023/n37a17.
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In recent years, discourses on migration and movement have been featured prominently in contemporary art and curatorial practices. For example, during the past decade, the migration crisis was a central theme for several pavilions at the Venice Biennale. Considering current developments, understanding critical issues regarding the migratory experience is a matter of urgency. This article addresses the issue of how the migratory experience is articulated in the works of women artists who use domestic objects to create uncanny environments that represent their contested homelands. This article also emphasises women's experiences, as women have frequently been marginalised from official histories. Through visual analysis of the works, a new perspective is gained in understanding women artists' strategies when representing their home in exile, and their homeland (both 'lost' and existing). The discussion unpacks projects that use 'un-homely devices' to re-construct the experience of 'home': home as a site of personal and family histories, and home as the place of danger and distress. It will specifically examine the work of Klitsa Antoniou, Lia Lapithi, Raeda Saadeh, and Andrea Shaker, all of whom have challenged in their practice the concepts of 'home', 'exile', and 'belonging'.
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Vedel, Karen. "Migratory Choreography and Spaces of Resistance." Dance Research Journal 52, no. 1 (2020): 58–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0149767720000066.
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This article examines dance pieces premiered in the Nordic countries at the height of the Syrian refugee crisis in 2015. Framed by the heated debates on current immigration policies, as well as prevailing tropes of a theater of migration and the figure of “the migrant,” the analysis centers on the potential for creating spaces of resistance in the encounter between choreographic performance and spectators. Drawing on analytical concepts such as migratory aesthetics and choreographic agency, the focus is on the interrelationship between the choreographic articulations of experience of migration and their materialization before an audience.
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Gurpegui Palacios, José Antonio. "So Far So Close: Irish and Mexican Migrant Experience in the United States." Oceánide 13 (February 9, 2020): 111–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.37668/oceanide.v13i.47.
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Irish and Mexicans conform two singular migratory groups in the United States. Nowadays it is possible to find important differences between both groups that could lead to think that in both cases the migratory experience responded to different patterns. However, as we empirically analyze the historical, sociological, and political roots of the arrival and settlement of Irish and Mexicans in the United States, it is possible to verify that the two models are not so different. In both cases similar reasons and behaviors are reproduced in aspects related to why they migrated, to settlement patterns, the complex relations with the hegemonic group, or self-protection systems.
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Bhattacharya, Kakali. "Migratory Patterns of a Fish Doodle." Departures in Critical Qualitative Research 8, no. 1 (2019): 31–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/dcqr.2019.8.1.31.
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Border crossing, migrations, and desire are deeply interconnected. Using a Desi historiography, I trace the entanglement of migration and desire, examining both what is made possible through geopolitical, emotional, and ideological border crossings and what lies in the wreckage of certain crossings. Using the trope of fish doodles, I trace the intractability of desire and highlight how the distortions inherent in migratory experience shatter illusions and innocence, creating a sense of betrayal yet failing to mitigate desire. Drawing on a South Asian sensibility of communal and national insider and outsider positions, I explore the complicated terrain of Desi transnational existence.
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Pinto da Costa, M., E. Biskup, A. Giurgiuca, et al. "Should I stay or should I go? Mobility and migration among psychiatric trainees in Europe – EFPT Brain Drain Survey." European Psychiatry 33, S1 (2016): S176. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.375.
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IntroductionWorkforce migration of mental health professionals seems to have a significant impact on mental health services, both in the donor and host countries. Nevertheless, information on migration in junior doctors within Europe is very limited. Therefore, the European Federation of Psychiatric Trainees (EFPT) has conducted the Brain Drain Survey.ObjectivesTo identify, in junior doctors training in psychiatry, the impact of international short-term mobility experiences, towards a future workforce migration across countries, exploring its patterns and reasons.MethodsIn this cross-sectional international study, data were collected from 2281 psychiatric trainees in 33 countries. All participants answered to the EFPT Brain Drain Survey reporting their attitudes and experiences on mobility and migration.ResultsOnly one-third of the trainees had a short-mobility experience in their lifetime, being education the main purpose for these experiences. Interestingly, the main predictors for future migratory tendency were not only the having a income and being dissatisfied with this income, but having a short-mobility experience. In fact, people that had short-mobility experiences were two times more likely to express a migratory tendency. Trainees that went abroad were predominantly satisfied with their experiences, reporting that these influenced their attitudes towards migration, positively.ConclusionsThese findings show that short-term mobility has a positive impact into future long-term migration, increasing its probability.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Ichikawa, Asuka. "Unsilencing the Migratory Grief of International Students." Journal of International Students 11, no. 4 (2021): 988–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.32674/jis.v11i4.3032.
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This reflective essay explores the experience of international students’ migratory grief. Through a personal narrative, it describes the tendency among Asian international students to withhold help-seeking and transnational challenges that further complicate the grieving process among international students. Anticipating its relevance with the campus reopening during the COVID-19 pandemic, the article highlights the need for higher education institutions to foster an evidence-based and culturally-informed grief support.
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Oliver de la Cruz, Laura Gabriela. "Un estudio cualitativo sobre la creación de vínculos erótico-afectivos en parejas migrantes." Migraciones internacionales 13 (May 15, 2022): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.33679/rmi.v1i1.2483.
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The objective of the study was to understand the creation and transformation of the erotic-affective bonds of Latin American migrantcouples. The research was conducted with couples who use the Spanish Red Cross migration center. The qualitative design of the study is based on Gadamer’s hermeneutic phenomenology; in-depth interviews and focus groups were conducted to collect information. The four resulting topics (migratory experience, erotic dimension, affective dimension, and strengthening affective relationships in the destination country) add to the understanding of the migratory phenomenon from a little-studied perspective, integrating sensitive experiences. It is concluded that affective expressions, along with erotic expressions, are indispensable for adaptation during the migration project. The bond builds on joint experiences during migration and is strengthened while strategiesand adaptation skills are created. The number of interviewslimited the representativeness of the sample, in addition to the lack of time to delve into sexuality.
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Kramer, Gunnar R., David E. Andersen, David A. Buehler, et al. "Population trends inVermivorawarblers are linked to strong migratory connectivity." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 14 (2018): E3192—E3200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1718985115.
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Migratory species can experience limiting factors at different locations and during different periods of their annual cycle. In migratory birds, these factors may even occur in different hemispheres. Therefore, identifying the distribution of populations throughout their annual cycle (i.e., migratory connectivity) can reveal the complex ecological and evolutionary relationships that link species and ecosystems across the globe and illuminate where and how limiting factors influence population trends. A growing body of literature continues to identify species that exhibit weak connectivity wherein individuals from distinct breeding areas co-occur during the nonbreeding period. A detailed account of a broadly distributed species exhibiting strong migratory connectivity in which nonbreeding isolation of populations is associated with differential population trends remains undescribed. Here, we present a range-wide assessment of the nonbreeding distribution and migratory connectivity of two broadly dispersed Nearctic-Neotropical migratory songbirds. We used geolocators to track the movements of 70Vermivorawarblers from sites spanning their breeding distribution in eastern North America and identified links between breeding populations and nonbreeding areas. Unlike blue-winged warblers (Vermivora cyanoptera), breeding populations of golden-winged warblers (Vermivora chrysoptera) exhibited strong migratory connectivity, which was associated with historical trends in breeding populations: stable for populations that winter in Central America and declining for those that winter in northern South America.
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Revollo, H. W., and A. Qureshi. "Accounting for Variations in Acculturative Stress: Coping and Appraisal." European Psychiatry 24, S1 (2009): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(09)71494-4.
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Acculturative stress is increasingly understood to mediate the relationship between immigration and mental health. The bullk of research in this area, however, has not addressed psychological factors that affect the degree to which the migratory process is experienced as stressful nor what sorts of strategies are used to manage stressors related to migration. The appraisal of a situation as stressful is related to the material, social and psychological resources. Coping style can mediate the psychological impact of the stressor. It would appear that the relationship between stress and coping is complex and multifaceted, and not amenable to a simple path analysis. To better understand how the migratory experience is related to mental health requires elucidating the relationship between the objective event, how it is appraised, and the coping response used. A further confounding issue is that the bulk of theorizing and instrumentation in coping and stress research is predicated on a Euro-American paradigm, and thus not necessarily appropriate for use with other cultures. In addition, it would appear that coping style not only mediates the relationship between stress and psychopathology, but is also related to the appraisal process. This paper will provide a critical analysis of conceptual and measurement issues related to stress, appraisal, and coping as applied to the migratory experience. The paper will conclude with an outline a research study currently underway that may provide insight into some of these issues.
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Azevedo, Desirée, and Liliana Sanjurjo. "Between dictatorships and revolutions: narratives of Argentine and Brazilian exiles." Vibrant: Virtual Brazilian Anthropology 10, no. 2 (2013): 305–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1809-43412013000200010.
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This article analyzes transnational migrations triggered by the dictatorships in Argentina (1976-1983) and Brazil (1964-1985), with attention to the representations associated to exile in these countries and in the Latin American context of the second half of the 20th century. The empirical data used are the memories narrated by Argentines who took exile in Brazil and by Brazilians exiled in Mozambique. By exploring the plurality of meanings that these authors attribute to their migratory experiences, we seek to understand how different political conjunctures in the countries of origin and destination implied varied forms of living and understanding exile. In a comparative perspective, the case studies also explore how the experience of exile was forged not only in relation to specific national and migratory contexts but also in relation to transnational social fields.
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Pérez Ripossio, Ramiro Nicolás. "Cadenas migratorias en la diáspora de las travestis/trans sudamericanas residentesdel Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires." Migraciones internacionales 13 (June 30, 2022): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.33679/rmi.v1i1.2471.
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The article analyzes the migratory chains that constitute South American transvestites and trans women who reside in the Buenos Aires Metropolitan Area during the period 2017-2019, paying special attention to the role of godmothers. The migratory projects of these people are produced becauseof the hostility and vulnerability they experience in their surroundings and have different instances. One of them is the migratory chains that refer to the social capital necessary to be able to leave the sending society and settle in the receiving society. In this way, South American transvestites/trans women constitute diverse migratory chains that can be characterized as horizontal and vertical, being the godmothers key actors in their diasporas. The focus of the article is qualitative and the method used is grounded theory. According to a theoretical sample consisting of 41 interviews, the information was analyzed usingAtlas.Ti.
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Trisnawati, Ririn Kurnia. "“PLEASE DON’T TREAT ME LIKE A SERVANT. I DO HAVE MY RIGHTS”: INDONESIAN MIGRANT DOMESTIC WORKERS (IMDWS) WROTE BACK IN FAMILIAR STRANGERS (2018)." Poetika 10, no. 1 (2022): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/poetika.v10i1.68208.
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Facilitated by The Voice of Singapore’s Invisible Hands, a non-profit organization (NPO) that promotes the rights and welfare of migrant workers in Singapore through literary works on Facebook, some Indonesian Migrant Domestic Workers (IMDWs) in Singapore such as Seruni, Fadillah, et. al., to name a few, have been able to publish their poems and short stories in an anthology entitled “Familiar Strangers” (2018). To add to the current studies of literary works written by migrant workers that are about home and family as well as migratory experience of exile, loneliness, alienation, and isolation, the present study offers a different perspective of IMDW’s migratory experience working in Singapore that is depicted in the six selected poems through the postcolonial lens. Accordingly, it examines the migrant workers’ salient migratory experience of working in Singapore that, I argue, conveys voices of renegotiation for better IMDWs’ position as domestic workers and thus challenges certain stereotypes about them. The voice of renegotiation is expressed by vocalizing steadfastness and courage where subversion and confrontation against the dehumanization they oftentimes encounter can also be observed. These IMDWs through their poems are seen as a countering narrative about Indonesian domestic workers, and the notion of writing back is then solidly founded.
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Casado, Banghwa Lee, Michin Hong, and Donna Harrington. "Measuring Migratory Grief and Loss Associated With the Experience of Immigration." Research on Social Work Practice 20, no. 6 (2010): 611–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1049731509360840.
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Young, Kevin G., Timothy R. H. Regnault, and Christopher G. Guglielmo. "Extraordinarily rapid proliferation of cultured muscle satellite cells from migratory birds." Biology Letters 17, no. 8 (2021): 20210200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2021.0200.
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Migratory birds experience bouts of muscle growth and depletion as they prepare for, and undertake prolonged flight. Our studies of migratory bird muscle physiology in vitro led to the discovery that sanderling ( Calidris alba ) muscle satellite cells proliferate more rapidly than other normal cell lines. Here we determined the proliferation rate of muscle satellite cells isolated from five migratory species (sanderling; ruff, Calidris pugnax ; western sandpiper, Calidris mauri ; yellow-rumped warbler, Setophaga coronata ; Swainson's thrush, Catharus ustulatus ) from two families (shorebirds and songbirds) and with different migratory strategies. Ruff and sanderling satellite cells exhibited rapid proliferation, with population doubling times of 9.3 ± 1.3 and 11.4 ± 2 h, whereas the remaining species' cell doubling times were greater than or equal to 24 h. The results indicate that the rapid proliferation of satellite cells is not associated with total migration distance but may be related to flight bout duration and interact with lifespan.
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Cruz Salazar, Tania. "De Chiapas a California. Experiencia migratoria y cambio cultural en jóvenes indígenas." Pueblos y fronteras 11, no. 22 (2016): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/cimsur.18704115e.2016.22.267.
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Hardesty-Moore, Molly, Stefanie Deinet, Robin Freeman, et al. "Migration in the Anthropocene: how collective navigation, environmental system and taxonomy shape the vulnerability of migratory species." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 373, no. 1746 (2018): 20170017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2017.0017.
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Recent increases in human disturbance pose significant threats to migratory species using collective movement strategies. Key threats to migrants may differ depending on behavioural traits (e.g. collective navigation), taxonomy and the environmental system (i.e. freshwater, marine or terrestrial) associated with migration. We quantitatively assess how collective navigation, taxonomic membership and environmental system impact species' vulnerability by (i) evaluating population change in migratory and non-migratory bird, mammal and fish species using the Living Planet Database (LPD), (ii) analysing the role of collective navigation and environmental system on migrant extinction risk using International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) classifications and (iii) compiling literature on geographical range change of migratory species. Likelihood of population decrease differed by taxonomic group: migratory birds were more likely to experience annual declines than non-migrants, while mammals displayed the opposite pattern. Within migratory species in IUCN, we observed that collective navigation and environmental system were important predictors of extinction risk for fishes and birds, but not for mammals, which had overall higher extinction risk than other taxa. We found high phylogenetic relatedness among collectively navigating species, which could have obscured its importance in determining extinction risk. Overall, outputs from these analyses can help guide strategic interventions to conserve the most vulnerable migrations. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Collective movement ecology'.
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Landys, Mėta M., Theunis Piersma, G. Henk Visser, Joop Jukema, and Arnold Wijker. "Water Balance During Real and Simulated Long-Distance Migratory Flight in the Bar-Tailed Godwit." Condor 102, no. 3 (2000): 645–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/condor/102.3.645.
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Abstract We examined Bar-tailed Godwits (Limosa lapponica), a long-distance migratory shorebird, for evidence of dehydration toward the end of their 4,300-km migratory flight from West Africa to the Dutch Wadden Sea. Bar-tailed Godwits are ideal subjects for research on flight range constraints because they can readily be caught in migratory flight. Because godwits are capable of long nonstop travel, we hypothesized that they are physiologically adapted to minimize en route water loss, and therefore, do not experience water imbalance under standard migratory conditions. To test this hypothesis, we compared the hydration state of flying Bar-tailed Godwits at the end of a long bout of migratory flight to that of recently-landed godwits. Flying godwits were hydrated to the same degree as birds with free access to water, suggesting that godwits maintain water balance during migratory flight. To corroborate these empirical results, we ran a theoretical simulation of flight-incurred loss of water and energy in a male Bar-tailed Godwit based on the published model by Klaassen et al. (1999). When a low body drag is assumed, model output suggests that Bar-tailed Godwits flying at altitudes ranging from sea level to 3,000 m will avoid dehydration, and that flight at about 3,000 m will result in the longest possible flight range.
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Alomenu, H. S. "Current trends in African Migratory Locust plague prevention." Outlook on Agriculture 14, no. 4 (1985): 165–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/003072708501400402.
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From the dawn of civilisation, locusts have been one of the great agricultural plagues, stripping vast areas bare of vegetation as they relentlessly advance. Experience shows that the most effective control measure is to attack the pest at its breeding grounds in the Niger Delta area as soon as it shows signs of swarming. Unfortunately, the prolonged sahelian drought – which for some years has put a natural brake on breeding – has encouraged complacency about the risks of another resurgence when this comes to an end.
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Barta, Zoltán, John M. McNamara, Alasdair I. Houston, Thomas P. Weber, Anders Hedenström, and Orsolya Feró. "Optimal moult strategies in migratory birds." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 363, no. 1490 (2007): 211–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2007.2136.
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Avian migration, which involves billions of birds flying vast distances, is known to influence all aspects of avian life. Here we investigate how birds fit moult into an annual cycle determined by the need to migrate. Large variation exists in moulting patterns in relation to migration: for instance, moult can occur after breeding in the summer or after arrival in the wintering quarters. Here we use an optimal annual routine model to investigate why this variation exists. The modelled bird's decisions depend on the time of year, its energy reserves, breeding status, experience, flight feather quality and location. Our results suggest that the temporal and spatial variations in food are an important influence on a migratory bird's annual cycle. Summer moult occurs when food has a high peak on the breeding site in the summer, but it is less seasonal elsewhere. Winter moult occurs if there is a short period of high food availability in summer and a strong winter peak at different locations (i.e. the food is very seasonal but in opposite phase on these areas). This finding might explain why only long-distance migrants have a winter moult.
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Velasco Ortiz, Laura. "De fronteras, documentos y experiencias de movilidad laboral entre México-Guatemala / Borders, documents and labor mobility experience in the Mexico-Guatemala región." Revista Trace, no. 82 (July 31, 2022): 154. http://dx.doi.org/10.22134/trace.82.2022.823.
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El propósito del presente artículo es comprender el efecto de las políticas de control fronterizo —centradas en la documentación migratoria— sobre la experiencia de la movilidad laboral transfronteriza en el estado de Chiapas, México, a través de una investigación cualitativa en la localidad de Frontera Comalapa. El análisis de los resultados señala la existencia de una zona libre, donde el estatus migratorio aún parece tener una influencia incipiente en la calidad de la experiencia del cruce fronterizo entre la población guatemalteca que cruza constantemente y en la inserción e integración laboral, a la inversa de lo que sucede con el tránsito hacia el norte de México y Estados Unidos de América, donde hay una mayor vigilancia del Estado.Abstract: The aim of this article is to understand the effect of border control policies —focused on migrant documentation— on the experience of cross-border labor migration in the state of Chiapas, Mexico, through a qualitative research at the town of Frontera Comalapa. The analysis of the results indicates the existence of a free zone, where the migratory status still seems to have an incipient influence on the quality of the border crossing experience and in the labor integration process; the reverse of what happens with the transit to the north of Mexico and the United States, where there is greater surveillance by the State.Keywords: borders; identity documentation; transborder labor mobility; immigration status; Mexico-Guatemala border; Guatemalan migration.Résumé : Le but de cet article est de comprendre l’effet des politiques de contrôle aux frontières — axées sur la documentation d’migrate — sur l’expérience de la migration de main-d’oeuvre transfrontalière dans l’État du Chiapas, au Mexique, à travers une enquête qualitative de la ville de Frontera Comalapa. L’analyse des résultats indique l’existence d’une zone franche, où le statut migratoire semble encore avoir une influence naissante sur la qualité de l’expérience de passage des frontières ou en insertion dans l’emploi; l’inverse de ce qui se passe avec le transit vers le nord du Mexique et des États-Unis, où il y a une plus grande surveillance par l’État.Mots-clés : double frontière ; mobilité transfrontalière de la main-d’oeuvre ; documents d’immigration ; frontière Mexique-Guatemala ; migration guatémaltèque.
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Ponce-Blandón, José Antonio, Rocío Romero-Castillo, Nerea Jiménez-Picón, Juan Carlos Palomo-Lara, Aurora Castro-Méndez, and Manuel Pabón-Carrasco. "Lived Experiences of African Migrants Crossing the Strait of Gibraltar to Europe: A Cross-Cultural Approach to Healthcare from a Qualitative Methodology." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 17 (2021): 9379. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18179379.
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Background: The migratory flow from the African continent to Europe is intense and the European countries should apply a humanitarian, health and social response to this emerging problem. Migrants coming from Africa to Europe are a very vulnerable population. Healthcare professionals should be prepared for answering their needs from a transcultural approach, which requires a better understanding of this phenomenon. Thus, the aim of this study was to improve nursing and healthcare professionals’ awareness and better understanding of migrant life experiences during the migration journey. An exploratory descriptive qualitative research was conducted. In-depth interviews were conducted involving four key informants and content analysis were performed with the transcriptions. Results: Three themes merged: life situations in their countries of origin; motivations that led them to undertake the migratory journey; and experiences they lived during the migratory journey. The results described the dramatic experience and motivations for crossing the strait of Gibraltar from Africa to Europe, including feelings, fears, hopes and lived experiences. The determination of immigrants to fight for a better life opportunity and the physical damage and psychological consequences they suffer were revealed. Conclusions: This study would help healthcare professionals to better understand this complex reality and deliver culturally adapted care. Knowledge of the starting reality of these populations can help health professionals to incorporate a cross-cultural approach that improves the relational, ethical and affective competences to provide quality care to the migrant population, as well as the development of health measures to fight against inequalities suffered by these population groups.
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Espenilla, Jacqueline Joyce F. "Sharing Fish: The Philippine Experience." Korean Journal of International and Comparative Law 8, no. 2 (2020): 178–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134484-12340136.
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Abstract Straddling and highly migratory fish such as tuna are the subject of immense interest from countries like the Philippines, whose populations are highly dependent on the oceans for both sustenance and livelihood. As these fish are transboundary by nature, they are deemed as “shared resources” that need to be cooperatively managed by country stakeholders in order to safeguard against depletion. This is the primary reason for the increasing number of international fisheries agreements as well as in the sudden prominence of regional fisheries management organizations (RFMO s). In that context, this article presents and analyzes the domestic drivers as well as the various international legal considerations that helped shape the current Philippine framework for the governance of shared fish, and reflects on how the twin goals of consumption/exploitation and conservation figure in the country’s fisheries policy.
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Covino, Kristen M., and Breanne Cooney. "Daytime sleeping behavior observed in a Black-and-white Warbler during spring stopover." Animal Migration 2, no. 1 (2015): 44–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ami-2015-0001.
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AbstractNocturnally migrating birds experience loss of sleep during the migratory period especially when undertaking long, non-stop flights. We report a field observation of daytime sleeping behavior in a Black-andwhite Warbler (Mniotilta varia) during spring migration. It is likely that this individual was compensating from sleep loss experienced during a trans-Gulf of Mexico flight. Only a few observations of daytime sleeping behavior have been reported in free-living migrants and all have been associated with long-distance flights in relation to ecological barriers.
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Das, Sudip Kumar, Chiranjib Das, Pritam Chatterjee, Shubhrakanti Sen, and V. D. Prasanna Kumar Vasamsetty. "Migratory Foreign Body Presenting with Thyroid Abscess." Bengal Journal of Otolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery 29, no. 2 (2021): 200–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.47210/bjohns.2021.v29i2.440.
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Introduction The most common complication following accidental ingestion of a foreign body is entrapment in the upper digestive tract. Spontaneous penetration of a foreign body through the upper digestive tract and migration into the soft tissues of the neck is very uncommon. Consequences from such migratory foreign body can be serious and potentially fatal. Case Report Thirty six years old female presented with history of accidental ingestion of an unknown foreign body 3 days back. Clinical examination, plain radiography, hypopharyngoscopy and oesophagoscopy failed to find out the foreign body. Thereafter the patient developed thyroid abscess which was confirmed by computed tomography. Surprisingly we discovered the foreign body during surgical exploration of neck. Conclusion In a case of accidental ingestion of foreign body, even if initial evaluation with endoscopy and plain radiography are negative, the patient should be followed closely until resolution of symptoms. A high index of suspicion of migration of foreign body should be maintained. Retrieval of migratory foreign body needs surgical expertise and experience.
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García Espinosa, Salvador. "Migrar sin salir de casa en Michoacán." Enseñanza e Investigación en Psicología Nueva Época 6, Migraciones (2024): 220–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.62364/cneip.6.2024.217.
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Michoacán is one of the federal entities that has historically presented high migratory intensity and consequently is located in the first places regarding the attraction of remittances that enter the country annually. There is a close vertical link between localities in Michoacán and those North American cities where Mexican immigrants are concentrated; even more intense than with those cities in its immediate surroundings. The hypothesis supported in this article is that the exchange is such that, for many inhabitants, it is possible to experience a cultural dynamic strongly conditioned by the migratory dynamic, without having crossed to the other side.
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Concepción Sepúlveda, Luis, and Alfons Medina Cambrón. "Claves teóricas para una nueva visión de la recepción mediática desde la experiencia migratoria." Correspondencias & Análisis, no. 1 (November 1, 2011): 369–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.24265/cian.2011.n1.21.
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Rzepka, Irja, Catharina Zehetmair, Emma Roether, et al. "Impact of and Coping with Post-Traumatic Symptoms of Refugees in Temporary Accommodations in Germany: A Qualitative Analysis." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 17 (2022): 10893. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191710893.
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Due to pre-, peri- and post-migratory stress factors, refugees often experience higher levels of psychological stress than the general population. Post-traumatic stress disorder, in particular, has an increased prevalence in the refugee population. However, living conditions in the early post-migratory phase are characterized by many challenges. In the present qualitative study, 14 refugees with symptoms of PTSD from temporary accommodations in Germany were interviewed in semi-structured interviews about their individual experiences of the impact of their trauma sequelae symptoms on their current living conditions and interactions. Participants reported dealing with post-traumatic symptoms primarily through distraction strategies, such as working or learning the language or social interaction. Many reported a sense of mistrust as a result of traumatic experiences. Current stress factors cited included uncertain asylum status, worry about family members and lack of ability to influence living situations. The interactions between the post-traumatic symptoms and the living conditions of the refugees were highlighted. The effects of the symptomatology of trauma sequelae and the framework conditions under which refugees live can lead to aggravated psychological distress. Therefore, special attention must be paid to refugee mental health care.
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Bendrups, Dan, Sebastian Diaz-Gasca, Gabriela Constanza Martinez Ortiz, Perla Guarneros Sanchez, and Elisa Mena-Maldonado. "Australia as a destination for Latin American doctoral candidates: Four personal reflections." Transitions: Journal of Transient Migration 4, no. 1 (2020): 69–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/tjtm_00013_1.
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Universities are important drivers for transnational migration to Australia, especially for students who are economically mobile, or who might be seeking to convert a transitory study experience into a more permanent migratory one. The economic growth experienced in a number of Latin American countries in the twenty-first century introduced new cohorts of Latin American students into Australian tertiary education institutions, including some from countries that may have had minimal prior presence in Australia. This includes students working towards research degrees. This article presents the autoethnographic accounts of four doctoral candidates from Latin America studying in Australia. It considers their motivations for undertaking graduate research, and the factors that brought them to choose Australia as a study destination, and the benefits and challenges they have experienced in coming here. While the candidates are all from different research fields, their experiences reveal commonalities around three key themes: opportunity, safe exploration and the role of family in enabling decisions about transnational doctoral education.
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Harris, J. H., R. T. Kingsford, W. Peirson, and L. J. Baumgartner. "Mitigating the effects of barriers to freshwater fish migrations: the Australian experience." Marine and Freshwater Research 68, no. 4 (2017): 614. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf15284.
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Declining fish communities characterise global freshwater environments, including those in Australia. Lost river connectivity through water resource development is a key cause of decline, disrupting fish migrations and threatening species productivity, viability and fisheries. Millions of dams, weirs and lesser barriers arising from water resources projects, road and rail transport and hydro-electricity schemes obstruct fish passage in rivers worldwide. Fishways are in place at few sites in Australia and globally relative to the numbers of barriers, and few mitigate the effects of barriers adequately. Most constrain the passage of fish communities and few have performed effectively when assessed against appropriate biological standards. Herein we focus on Australian experience within the global context of obstructed fish migrations, declining fish biodiversity and inadequate fishway performance. We review the migratory characteristics of Australian freshwater fish, identify the effects of different in-stream barriers and other habitat changes on the four classes of migratory behaviour and note how Australia’s highly variable hydrology presents particular challenges in mitigating fish passage barriers. Mitigation options include: basin-scale approaches; improved management of barriers, environmental flows and water quality; barrier removal; and development of improved fishway designs. Mitigation of fish-passage problems can aid in adapting to climate change effects, reversing fisheries declines and rehabilitating fish communities.
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Negura, Lilian, Corinna Buhay, and Annamaria Silvana de Rosa. "Mirrored Social Representations of Canadian Caseworkers with Migratory Paths Intervening with Refugees in the Host Country." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 16 (2021): 8648. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18168648.
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In 2015, the resettlement of 25,000 Syrian refugees in Canada placed a strain on social services. Caseworkers employed in these agencies often come from similar migratory trajectories to those of the refugees. This experiential proximity requires an understanding of the subjective perspectives that caseworkers with migratory paths have of refugees in the context of their professional practice. We analyzed fifteen individual interviews with Canadian caseworkers and conducted field observations of resettlement activities in the Ottawa-Gatineau region using inductive reasoning inspired by grounded theory. Adopting a sociogenetic approach to social representation theory, this qualitative study illustrates how the social representation of refugees among foreign-born caseworkers is highly informed by their migratory past experience, as well as by the social identity and social context from which that representation was socio-generated. Our analysis reveals the mirror effect of the caseworkers as a fruitful concept for understanding the identity-otherness dynamics in the encounter between the distant other (refugee) and the self.
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Caruso, Carmen. "The Syrian diaspora in London through the transnational lens: a distinctive contribution to contemporary public space and citizenship." BORDER CROSSING 8, no. 2 (2018): 409–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/bc.v8i2.604.
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Despite cyclical attempts to depict migratory flows as extraordinary, migration has always had a place in human history. Considering the magnitude of human mobility across borders, the management of migrant citizens adopted by affluent Western economies appears both inappropriate and fuelled by panic. Assuming the contemporary time-space compression, the re-articulation of orientalism and neocolonial enterprises and the increasing popular discontent towards renewed exclusionary logic, the Syrian diaspora proves to be a crucial interlocutor to understand patterns of transformation and anticipate new spaces of citizenship. Through Syrians’ first-hand experience we will try to analyze the Syrian diaspora in the UK beyond the lexicon of humanitarian assistance. A transnational approach and a qualitative, intersectional methodology have been employed to gather relevant information in regard to Syrians’ migratory experience, with a focus on their activities in the public space. Ultimately Syrians’ accounts will provide a rich, indispensable viewpoint to all-encompassing issues such as human mobility, aesthetics, public space and citizenship.
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Franco Aguilar, José. "Mujeres mexicanas retornadas: reconfiguraciones en la dinámica familiar / Mexican women migrants returning. Reconfigurations in the family dynamics." Revista Trace, no. 80 (July 30, 2021): 234. http://dx.doi.org/10.22134/trace.80.2021.754.
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El presente artículo analiza los cambios o continuidades generados por mujeres mexicanas retornadas dentro de su dinámica intrafamiliar, derivados de su experiencia migratoria en EE. UU. El objetivo será la construcción de una tipología que discrimine la existencia de transformaciones dentro de dicha dinámica. En concreto, se exploran cuestiones intrínsecas en las familias que dan la pauta para contrastar situaciones. Particularmente, se estudian las siguientes dimensiones de análisis: trabajo doméstico, cuidado de los hijos, pautas de interacción familiar y concepción propia de la posición dentro del grupo doméstico. Los sujetos de análisis son veinte mujeres retornadas que tuvieron una residencia en EE. UU., quienes radican en una localidad rural, en el estado de Jalisco en México.Abstract: This article analyzes the changes and continuities in gender roles and family dynamics among migrant women returning from the United States. It considers the migratory experience as a potentially important factor influencing changes in gender dynamics within the family. The objective is to construct a typology that discriminates between existing changes in family dynamics and changes in gender roles resulting from the migratory experience. In order to provide a context to contrast situations, the article explores gender dynamics apparent in certain family dynamics, including housework, childcare, patterns of family interaction, and returning migrants’ conception of their position within the domestic group. The subjects of analysis are twenty returning migrant women from the United States who currently reside in a rural village in Jalisco, Mexico. Keywords: return migration; female return migration; family dynamics; rural area; Mexico. Résumé : Cet article analyse les changements et les continuités générés par les femmes mexicaines de retour de migration dans leur dynamique intra-familiale, comme résultats de leur expérience migratoire aux États-Unis. L’article propose de construire une typologie qui observe l’existence de transformations dans ces dynamiques. Plus précisément, les problèmes intrinsèques sont explorés au sein des familles et définissent la norme dans des situations contrastées. En particulier, sont analysées les dimensions suivantes : travail domestique, garde des enfants, modèles d’interaction familial et conception du rôle féminin dans le groupe domestique. Les sujets analysés sont vingt femmes de retour de migration qui ont résidé aux États-Unis et qui vivent actuellement dans une ville rurale de l’État de Jalisco au Mexique.Mots-clés : migration de retour ; femmes rapatriées ; dynamique intra-familiale ; zones rurales ; Mexique.
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Martín, Macarena Vallejo, and Maria del Pilar Moreno-Jiménez. "An Evaluation of Life Satisfaction within the Migratory Experience According to Psychosocial Variables." Psychology 03, no. 12 (2012): 1248–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/psych.2012.312a185.
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Gabaccia, Donna. "Conflict and Cooperation: Comparative Research on the East European Migratory Experience, 1880s–1930s." International Labor and Working-Class History 39 (1991): 79–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s014754790000082x.
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Kpangui Kouassi Bruno, Sangne Yao Charles, Kouakou Kouassi Apollinaire, Koua Kadio Attey Noël, and Koffi N'Guessan Achille. "Profile of migrants for cocoa production and agronomic characteristics of cocoa farms in Western Côte d'Ivoire." Open Access Research Journal of Science and Technology 3, no. 1 (2021): 051–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.53022/oarjst.2021.3.1.0063.
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The mountainous relief of the West of Côte d'Ivoire and the large savannahs next to forests didn’t make this zone very excellent for cocoa production. However, for the last decade, an important influx of farming population has been observed in this area. The objective of this study is to analyze the dynamics of the settlement of migrant farmers in the West region of Côte d’Ivoire, using the department of Biankouma as a case of study. So, individual surveys were conducted among 203 cocoa farmers from 15 villages in the department of Biankouma, who had migrated to this region, It was found that the majority of these farmers are natives of Côte d'Ivoire (38.3%) and non-natives (33.5%) from countries in the West Africa region. The migratory flow to this region is mainly internal, with 95.6% of farmers coming from 11 Districts and 55 localities in the country. While initially (i.e., before 1985), farmers came from towns near Duékoué (11.8%), these waves of movement from towns in neighboring districts (Bas-Sassandra and Sassandra-Marahoué) to the Western Region will experience their highest rates between 2002 and 2013. Observations drawn from our research findings support the hypothesis that the political-military crisis that the country has experienced has accentuated migratory flows of farmers for cocoa production in western Côte d'Ivoire and these migratory flows could be the cause of the degradation of forest cover in the Biankouma Department.
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Panzeri, Roberta. "Migración y bienestar: la importancia de una perspectiva narrativa." RIEM. Revista internacional de estudios migratorios 8, no. 2 (2019): 252. http://dx.doi.org/10.25115/riem.v8i2.2321.
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Aunque la movilidad geográfica siempre ha caracterizado la historia del ser humano, en las últimas décadas la migración internacional ha ido ocupando creciente relevancia en la agenda política como fenómeno de gran complejidad y dificultad de gestión.Es ampliamente creído que las y los migrantes deciden trasladarse para mejorar sus condiciones y calidad de vida, pero ¿lo consiguen de verdad?Comprender en qué medida el resultado de la migración refleja objetivos y expectativas iniciales, podría beneficiar tanto a las personas migrantes como a los políticos que se ocupan de gestionar el fenómeno y que en un futuro podrían necesitar atraer a los migrantes para restablecer las brechas demográficas de varios países europeos.Este artículo recoge y examina de manera crítica las principales teorías explicativas presentes en literatura sobre el bienestar y en particular el bienestar subjetivo de los migrantes. A continuación, detalla algunas debilidades en las metodologías actualmente utilizadas, que recolectan informaciones sintéticas y parciales para un tema tan complejo y multivariado como el bienestar post-migratorio y, por último, realiza una propuesta metodológica concreta.El propósito final de este artículo es demostrar la importancia de la perspectiva narrativa y el análisis tematico para estudiar en profundidad la influencia de la experiencia migratoria en el desarrollo humano, en el conjunto de las capacidades y en la satisfacción con la vida (en términos de realización personal percibida y logro de objetivos individuales) de los y las migrantes. A nivel social y político, esto permitiría profundizar en la comprensión de las dimensiones que componen el bienestar de las personas a lo largo de su vida y tras una experiencia migratoria; a nivel académico, esto permitiría mejorar la gama de preguntas planteadas en las encuestas sociodemograficas.Se proporcionan recomendaciones para investigaciones futuras. Although in the history of mankind there has always been geographical mobility, in the last decades international migration is becoming increasingly relevant in the political agenda as a phenomenon of great complexity and difficulty to manage.It is common and widely believed that migrants decide to move to improve their conditions and perceived quality of life, but is this always the case?Understanding how the outcome of migration reflects initial goals and expectations could benefit both migrants and policymakers dealing with the phenomenon, who may need to attract migrants in the future in order to re-establish demographic gaps in European countries.This article collects and critically examines the main explanatory theories present in the literature on the well-being and in particular the subjective well-being of migrants. It then details some weaknesses in the methodologies currently used, which collect synthetic and partial information for a subject as complex and multivariate as post migratory welfare. It finally makes a concrete methodological proposal.The final purpose of this article is to demonstrate the importance of the narrative perspective and the thematic analysis in order to study in depth the influence of the migratory experience on human development, the set of capacities and the satisfaction with life (in terms of perceived personal fulfillment and achievement of individual goals) of the migrants. At a social and political level, this would allow for a deeper understanding of the dimensions that compose people's well-being throughout their lives and after a migratory experience; at an academic level, this would allow to improve the range of questions posed in the sociodemographic surveys.Recommendations for future research are provided.
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Hertrich, Véronique, and Marie Lesclingand. "Adolescent Migration in Rural Africa as a Challenge to Gender and Intergenerational Relationships." ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 648, no. 1 (2013): 175–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716213485356.
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Labor migration has become common for adolescents in many African populations, where it is a key event in the transition into adulthood for both genders. This article examines the experiences of, expectations of, and perceptions about adolescent migration from different perspectives, taking into account their gender and generation. It is based on qualitative data, collected from a rural population in Mali, where labor migration is experienced by most adolescents (70–90 percent). Despite a convergence of migratory practices between genders, the subjective experience and the social construction around youth migration appear to be in contrast for girls and boys. Male migration is part of family economics, and adolescent boys use migration to strengthen their family status. Female migration is a personal project and includes strong expectations about learning and obtaining life skills. Social judgment of female migration is negative, but new lines of solidarity are emerging between female generations.
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Lunt, Neil. "Boats, planes and trains: British migration, mobility and transnational experience." MIGRATION LETTERS 5, no. 2 (2008): 151–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/ml.v5i2.50.
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This paper discusses the paucity of scholarship on contemporary British international migration experience, and highlights why British nations are viewed as beyond detailed international migration and transnational scholarship. Resisting this closure, discussion invokes a transnational lens to explore three flows: post-war migration of British citizens to traditional destinations; British retirement migration to the Mediterranean; and British professional migration. The paper adds its voice to a growing body of work that argues for a widening of the migration agenda to include qualitative work and a transnational approach to enable British migratory experience to be fully investigated.
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De Luca, Giancarlo, Patrizio Mariani, Brian R. MacKenzie, and Matteo Marsili. "Fishing out collective memory of migratory schools." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 11, no. 95 (2014): 20140043. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2014.0043.
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Animals form groups for many reasons, but there are costs and benefits associated with group formation. One of the benefits is collective memory. In groups on the move, social interactions play a crucial role in the cohesion and the ability to make consensus decisions. When migrating from spawning to feeding areas, fish schools need to retain a collective memory of the destination site over thousands of kilometres, and changes in group formation or individual preference can produce sudden changes in migration pathways. We propose a modelling framework, based on stochastic adaptive networks, that can reproduce this collective behaviour. We assume that three factors control group formation and school migration behaviour: the intensity of social interaction, the relative number of informed individuals and the strength of preference that informed individuals have for a particular migration area. We treat these factors independently and relate the individuals’ preferences to the experience and memory for certain migration sites. We demonstrate that removal of knowledgeable individuals or alteration of individual preference can produce rapid changes in group formation and collective behaviour. For example, intensive fishing targeting the migratory species and also their preferred prey can reduce both terms to a point at which migration to the destination sites is suddenly stopped. The conceptual approaches represented by our modelling framework may therefore be able to explain large-scale changes in fish migration and spatial distribution.
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Catry, Teresa, José Pedro Granadeiro, Jorge Sánchez Gutiérrez, and Edna Correia. "Stopover use of a large estuarine wetland by dunlins during spring and autumn migrations: Linking local refuelling conditions to migratory strategies." PLOS ONE 17, no. 1 (2022): e0263031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0263031.
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Migratory strategies dictate stopover ecology, particularly concerning decisions of when, where and how long to stop, and what to do at stationary periods. In birds, individuals stop primarily to replenish energy stores, although the functions of stopover events vary among and within species, particularly between pre- and post-breeding seasons. Here, we combined plasma metabolite levels and haematological parameters to compare refuelling rates and physiological state within (early, mid, late) and between (spring, autumn) migratory periods, aiming to identify potentially different migratory strategies in a shorebird, the dunlin Calidris alpina, using a key stopover site in Iberia. Plasma triglycerides and β-hydroxybutyrate concentrations did not differ between seasons, and small differences were found in haematological profiles (higher haemoglobin and hematocrit levels in spring). Similar refuelling rates and physiological status suggests a single migratory strategy in spring and autumn. During both seasons, dunlins arrive at the Tagus estuary with medium-to-high fuel loads, indicating they do not engage in prolonged fuelling. This agrees with a skipping migratory strategy, where birds fly short-to-medium distances while fuelling at moderate rates along a network of sites. Although we may expect late spring migrants to experience stronger pressures to optimally schedule migratory events, we found no significant differences in physiological profiles among early, mid and late migrants. Unexpectedly, such differences were found in autumn: early birds showed the highest triglycerides and haemoglobin levels and lowest β-hydroxybutyrate concentrations. These results denote enhanced refuelling rates and blood oxygen-carrying capacity in early autumn migrants, which is typical of jumpers, i.e., birds travelling with larger fuel loads and performing fewer stops. Our study adds substantially to previous knowledge of stopover ecology in migratory shorebirds in the East Atlantic Flyway. Importantly, it indicates that the Tagus estuary is a high-quality stopover site for intermediate fuelling. Yet, understanding non-fuelling stopping functions is needed to ultimately inform conservation planning.