Academic literature on the topic 'Mikroplaster'
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Journal articles on the topic "Mikroplaster"
Kvaček, Robert, Pavla Šmejkalová, and Soňa Hermanová. "Zavádění analytické metody pro kvalitativní stanovení mikroplastů ve vodách." Entecho 3, no. 2 (2020): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.35933/entecho.2020.004.
Full textSawalman, Rahmat, Neviaty Putri Zamani, Shinta Werorilangi, and Meutia Samira Ismet. "AKUMULASI MIKROPLASTIK PADA SPESIES IKAN EKONOMIS PENTING DI PERAIRAN PULAU BARRANGLOMPO, MAKASSAR." Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis 13, no. 2 (August 31, 2021): 241–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jitkt.v13i2.34587.
Full textSomborn-Schulz, Annette. "Mikroplastik." Wasser und Abfall 19, no. 3 (March 2017): 26–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s35152-017-0023-y.
Full textSimamora, Chinda Setia Lestari, Warsidah Warsidah, and Syarif Irwan Nurdiansyah. "Identifikasi dan Kepadatan Mikroplastik pada Sedimen di Mempawah Mangrove Park (MMP) Kabupaten Mempawah, Kalimantan Barat." Jurnal Laut Khatulistiwa 2, no. 3 (October 25, 2020): 96. http://dx.doi.org/10.26418/lkuntan.v2i3.34828.
Full textLayn, Aswan Akbardin, Emiyarti, and Ira. "DISTRIBUSI MIKROPLASTIK PADA SEDIMEN DI PERAIRAN TELUK KENDARI." Jurnal Sapa Laut (Jurnal Ilmu Kelautan) 5, no. 2 (May 16, 2020): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.33772/jsl.v5i2.12165.
Full textYona, Defri, Mela Dita Maharani, M. Reza Cordova, Yuyun Elvania, and I. Wayan Eka Dharmawan. "ANALISIS MIKROPLASTIK DI INSANG DAN SALURAN PENCERNAAN IKAN KARANG DI TIGA PULAU KECIL DAN TERLUAR PAPUA, INDONESIA: KAJIAN AWAL." Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis 12, no. 2 (August 31, 2020): 497–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jitkt.v12i2.25971.
Full textCahyo, Yustian Dwi, Nahdlatul Ummah, and Mohammad Ikbal. "ANALISIS KANDUNGAN MIKROPLASTIK PADA BEBEK (Anas platyrhynchos domesticus) STUDI KAJIAN TINGKAT PENCEMARAN PLASTIK DI TERNAK UNGGAS AIR." REKASATWA : Jurnal Ilmiah Peternakan 2, no. 2 (December 15, 2020): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.33474/rekasatwa.v2i2.9026.
Full textNur, Wa Ode Nur Asma La Dia, Wayan Kantun, and Arnold Kabangnga. "ANALISIS KANDUNGAN MIKROPLASTIK PADA USUS IKAN TUNA MATA BESAR (Thunnus obesus) YANG DIDARATKAN DI PELABUHAN IKAN WAKATOBI." Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis 13, no. 2 (August 31, 2021): 333–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jitkt.v13i2.34871.
Full textSutanhaji, Alexander Tunggul, Bambang Rahadi, and Nazarina Tiftah Firdausi. "Analisis Kelimpahan Mikroplastik Pada Air Permukaan di Sungai Metro, Malang." Jurnal Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan 8, no. 2 (August 1, 2021): 74–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.jsal.2021.008.02.3.
Full textAdisaputra, Muhammad Wawan. "Kandungan mikroplastik pada ikan bawis (Siganus canaliculatus) dan ikan kembung (Rastrelliger kanagurta) di perairan Bontang." Jurnal Ilmiah BioSmart (JIBS) 7, no. 1 (March 5, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.30872/jibs.v1i1.412.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Mikroplaster"
Björk, My, and Linn Månsson. "Mikroplasters spridning längs den svenska västkusten - En studie om koncentration och distribution av mikroplaster i marina sediment." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-22550.
Full textIn recent years, a new research field regarding microscopic plastic fragments in the marineenvironment, called microplastics, have emerged. Microplastics derives from anthropogenicsources such as sewage treatment plants and the fragmentation of macro plastic. There are alimited number of studies regarding micro plastics, especially concerning Swedish waters,indicating the need for more research. In this study sediment samples were collected from thelittoral area at seven different locations as well as one sediment sample from a deep sea at oneof the sites. The aim is to investigate the concentration and distribution of microplastics alongthe Swedish west coast. A correlation analysis was performed between microplastics and twovariables; grain size and salinity. The results showed that the highest concentration of microplastics were found at the north part of the Swedish west coast and decreased the farther souththe samples were taken. The results showed a strong correlation between microplastics andhigh salinity R2 = 0, 61, and a correlation was seen between micro plastics and coarse sandwith a R2 = 0.38. The results contribute to the understanding of how micro plastics aredistributed in marine environment along the Swedish west coast. The researchers behind thisstudy calls for sampling of all marine zones to further understand how microplastics areconcentrated and distributed in the marine environment
Regnell, Fredrick. "Mikroplaster från konstgräsplaner : Orsaker till spridning av mikroplaster samt en kvalitativ analys av spridningen till dränerings- och dagvattenbrunnar." Thesis, KTH, Industriell ekologi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-213830.
Full textMicroplastics and its environmental impacts is a research area under development. Sampling and analysis methods are complicated by the fact that microplastics may come from different raw materials, which means that its content, particle size and density may vary. It is clear that microplastics is a problem in marine environments as intake and accumulation of micro- and macroplastics have been recorded in invertebrates, fish, mammals and birds. The microplastics may affect, among other things, the digestion and reproduction of aquatic animals. The microplastics have also been recorded in foods that are relevant to humans, but what effects microplastics have on humans is still unclear. In a report from 2017, the Swedish Environmental Research Institute (IVL) estimated artificial turf fields to be the second largest quantified source for spreading the microplastics to the environment with 1638 - 2456 tons per year, after wear of tire and roads. Football is one of Sweden's most popular sports and the number of artificial turf fields in the country in 2016 reached 1336. Due to the fact that artificial turf fields is considered an important reason for the spreading of microplastics, it becomes important to investigate the reasons why and how microplastics are spread from artificial turf fields and also what measures can be taken to reduce the spread. The purpose of this study is to identify the reasons why microplastics are spread, as well as to present measures that can reduce the overall spread of microplastics from artificial turf fields. The methodology is based on previous studies of microplastics in aquatic environments and water samples were collected from drainage wells that belonged to two artificial turf fields and from a “water-infiltration-sampler” from a third field. In addition, field studies with observations have been carried out at two other artificial turf fields, and conversations with maintenance personal have provided additional relevant information on how microplastics can be spread. The results show that microplastics are spread from artificial turf fields and the identified reasons for this spreading, without specific order of magnitude, are mainly: Activity on the field Brushing of the fields Snow plowing of the fields Rain (which means infiltration through the field as well as surface runoff) These causes, as well as possible pathways for the spreading of microplastics from an artificial turf field to the surroundings, have been visualized in a conceptual model, Figure 11. The model has two system boundaries; the inner system consists of the field itself, while the outer system is the direct area around the field and can be equated with the sports facility. It is only microplastics that are spread from the outer system to the environment which is considered to cause ecological consequences. Ocular microscopy studies of water samples from drainage wells showed presence of microplastics. Quantification of the amount of solids that can reach the drainage wells, where microplastics constitute an unknown proportion, amounted to a maximum of 340 – 370 kg per year and artificial turf field measuring 105m×65m. The maximum amount of microplastics that can infiltrate through an artificial turf field down to its drainage system was quantified to 0,003 kg per year and artificial turf of 105m×65m. This indicates that more open transport routes, such as open wells, could be needed to allow microplastics to reach drainage wells to a greater extent. The quantification of other causes for the spreading of microplastics from artificial turf fields to the environment area is uncertain, but careful estimations show that they are weighty comprehensive. To measure and secure the number of particles that are spread from artificial turf fields, more extensive sampling and analysis would have to be carried out.
Josic, Elma. "Provtagningsmetoder för mikroplaster i dagvatten och sediment." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för kemi, bioteknologi och hälsa (CBH), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-255616.
Full textPlastics have created the conditions for us people for decades because of its wide use. It has, however, resulted that there are amounts of microplastics in the environment and it is today an environmental problem that needs to be fixed. It is a challenge to clarify the origin of the microplastics, but it can be stated that artificial turf is one of the largest sources in Sweden and is expected to release several tonnes of microplastics. To find out how much microplastics an artificial turf can spread with stormwater, various samples are taken in eg. water and sediment environments. The purpose of this thesis was to present various sampling methods that can be used when sampling microplastics from artificial turf in water and sediment. Then, the results can be used as a basis for adapting future samples for microplastics in water and sediment. The following three goals were therefore set up; identify different sampling methods suitable for microplastics, compare these with each other and suggest appropriate sampling methods for microplastics from artificial turf in mainly water. For successful sampling, planning and preparation are required before the execution. This means that a concept model should be developed over how the soccer field is designed, where and when samplings should be performed, which parameters should be analyzed and that there are references for background contents, see figure 3, page 16. Information about the sampling location needs to be compiled, for example, which plastic materials are present in the artificial turf and which expected primary and secondary microplastics can be spread from the soccerfield. During this thesis, two sampling alternatives were identified to investigate microplastics in water samples: • Sampling of water (active sampling) for microplastic analysis • Sampling of filtrate (passive sampling) where microplastic is filtered. In this case, the microplastics that have been captured by the filter are analyzed. This thesis also deals with other samplings - sampling with pump, water-container and dredge. It is because to see which alternatives are available for water and sediment sampling and for obtaining a comparison between these samples. At sampling, there is currently no common standard for implementation, which would probably have facilitated the sampling work. Especially when the results were easier to compare with each other. A study visit was made at Bergavik's IP in Kalmar to perform sampling in three wells and in a nearby stormwater pond to drain the surface and drainage water from the artificial turf. The sampling began with the stormwater flow and the amount of rainfall during the previous days before the measurement was noted. All sampling occasions occur at similar weather and flow conditions. The water samples were then sent for analysis. This method can be repeated and after a few sampling occasions, a mean value of microplastic content can be obtained. The thesis conclusion is that it is important to look at how and where the sampling is performed. Both when it comes to active sampling and passive sampling, it is necessary to take samples taken on several occasions, describe the precipitation conditions before sampling, take samples at the same place and the same depth in order to more easily identify the amount of microplastics from the source and how much is then disseminated. The reason why it is today mainly active and passive sampling that is used in sampling microplastics from artificial turf is that these are proven methods. A suggestion for future studies is to identify a common standard for execution. It would facilitate analyzes of microplastic spread from artificial turf if the same standard was used everywhere.
Bujak, Klaudia. "Kartläggning av analysmetoder för mikroplaster från konstgräsplaner." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för kemi, bioteknologi och hälsa (CBH), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-240305.
Full textThe presence of microplastics in marine and sedimentary environments is a relatively new problem. Presently, there are no clear standards to which methods that should be implored with sampling, treating and analysing microplastics. Because of this, some troubles occur when estimating field concentrations and comparing microplastics flow and composition. Artificial turf plants have been considered to be the second largest source of microplastic emissions in Sweden. Pre-emptive measures have been taken in several regions in Sweden in order to decrease spreading of microplastics. Because of this, it is important to be able to measure the amount of microplastics in marine environment and sediment in order to monitor how it changes when using different methods. The purpose of this study is to increase the knowledge of the methods available and suitable for sampling, treatment and analysis of microplastics from artificial turf in water and sediment environments. The aim is to provide a suggestion of measurement methods that may be suitable for analysis of microplastics from artificial turf in Ältasjön. In order to clarify the importance of a holistic view of the microplastics, an analytical chain has been developed. It is regarded to be a useful tool in order to further the develop a standardized method for the entire analytical process, from sampling to interpretation of results. This analytical chain is comprised by four major steps: sampling, laboratory preparation of samples, analysis and interpretation of the results. Sampling will be of crucial importance for the evaluation of final results, because the sampling efficiency has direct impact on the content of the sample which will proceed to the analysis. There are no standardized procedures for sampling of microplastics with regard to location, sampling equipment, volumes and sampling time. This results in a limited comparability with previous studies. The treatment is usually comprised of volume reduction, density separation and chemical or enzymatic purification. These treatment methods need to be adapted in regard to the expected content of the sample and the chosen analytical method. Analysis of microplastic could be done with the help of optical, spectrophotometric or chromatographic methods. The optical analysis enables to monitor the particles physical properties such as size, shape, colour and degree of degradation. The spectrophotometric and chromatographic methods provide information about chemical composition, polymer type and the additive content of microplastics. These methods investigate different properties and therefore they result in different answers. Each technique should be thought of and analysed from the information that is provided. Also, all analytic methods have different detection limits. These detection limits vary between and it is important to take into consideration when choosing the correct analytical method. If different studies use the same methods to gain the desired information, the results will be more easily compared. The combined results will help to complete more of the missing information and improve the monitoring of microplastics spreading to marine environments and sediment. Provided that all studies not only follow the same methods but also the same analytical chain from sampling to analyzing the results. From the information and knowledge that was gathered, it is expected that Scanning Electron Microscopy / Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) and Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) has the biggest potential to efficiently measure microplastics from artificial turf in water environment and sediment. Both SEM-EDS and ICP-MS makes it possible to detect all types of granulate and plastic straws from artificial turf even when the grain is between 10 and 20 mm. Further studies of these methods are recommended to build a reference library for each respective method and to find a working standard method when analysing microplastic from artificial grass.
Fjordefalk, Vera. "Reningsmetoder för dagvatten innehållande mikroplaster från konstgräsplaner." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för kemi, bioteknologi och hälsa (CBH), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-240310.
Full textThe number of artificial turfs in Sweden has increased significantly since the year 2000. Today there are about 1255 outdoor pitches made from artificial turf and the annual increase is estimated at 100 pitches. Artificial turfs provide many benefits for sporting activities such as longer game seasons and more playing hours. To gain characteristics as close to natural turfs as possible, infill is used on top of the artificial grass. The infill is usually made out of styrene-butadien rubber (SBR), ethylene-propylene-diene-monomer-rubber (EPDM) or thermoplastic estalomer (TPE). However, there is also organic alternativs made from cork or coconut. Since the filling materials mostly consist of plastic polymers, some environmental concerns have been raised in the connection of the use of infill. The manufacturing size of infill is between 2-3 mm and is thereby classified as primary microplastics. The Swedish Environment Institute performed a study to map the sources of microplastic emissions to the marine environment. The study concluded that artificial turfs was the second largest land-based source of microplastic emission. The conclusion was based on the suggested annual amount for refill of infill for a full-size pitch. The amount of microplastics ending up in the sea, lakes and streams was not answered in the study, as it would require a more extensive mapping of routes. Former studies have shown that a certain amount of infill ends up in the stormwater wells which is placed around the turfs to prevent water collection. In order to prevent continued spreading via stormwater wells out to marine environments, treatment methods for stormwater runoff from artificial turfs has been requested.The objective of this study is to identify suitable methods for treatment of stormwater containing microplastics from artificial turfs. To find out what methods are used today, four manufacturers of granulate traps and filters were contacted. The municipalities that have installed or planned to install any of the stormwater treatment methods was also contacted to get an understanding of how these methods works in practice. From the study it is apparent that the development of treatment methods mentioned is in an early stage where efficiency is not tested for any of the methods. In order to determine what a suitable stormwater treatment method is in this case, further studies on how water flows vary between different pitch designs and surrounding surfaces are required. In this study the amount of microplastics found in the stormwater wells is solely based on ocular inspection and often described as "small" by the interviewees. To determine the exact amount of microplastics that can occur in stormwater wells, it would be necessary to weigh the microplastics found in the wells on every single plant. Because of differences in maintenance routines and depending on the existence of available surfaces for storage of snow and infill, the amount of microplastics found in the wells varies. The size of microplastics found was estimated to be of manufacturing size (2-3 mm). However, microplastics can become very small, down to 1 μm and hard to see with the naked eye. Further studies are recommended to set up a grain size distribution curve which can be used to manufacture the mesh in a reasonable size. The small sizes of microplastics makes it unreasonable to expect a purification degree f 100%, the mesh size would make it impossible for water to flow through. This calls for establishing guidance values for microplastics in stormwater. In order to establish guidance values and carry out necessary studies to develope the existing methods, a better cooperation between institution and trade and industry is needed. A method can be considered to be suitable for microplastics if the largest percentage part by weight of microplastics is caught. The suitability of the current methods cannot be judged until this is determined.
Ekholm, Robin. "Lösningar för att eliminera utsläpp av mikroplaster från plastindustrin." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för maskinteknik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-18216.
Full textMikroplaster är ett allt växande problem för miljön och riskerar att i allt större utsträckning hamna i maten vi äter och vattnet vi dricker. Det påverkar även djurliv och det är allt vanligare att fiskar, fåglar och till och med valar dör på grund av undernäring, på grund av att deras magar är fulla av plast. Syftet med detta projekt är att minska utsläppet av mikroplaster från plastindustrin genom att ta fram en metod för att lokalisera och åtgärda utsläpp av mikroplaster. Projektet har gjorts i samarbete med Tarkett Ronneby där en kartläggning av deras fabrik och vart de genererar mikroplaster har genomförts. Även lösningsförslag och åtgärder för att minska utsläpp av mikroplaster har tagits fram, dels på Tarkett Ronneby men som även andra aktörer inom samma bransch kan implementera. Metoden för att eliminera utsläpp av mikroplaster från plastindustrin består av tio steg som innefattar bland annat olika protokoll och inkluderar allt från att lokalisera utsläpp till att åtgärda dessa. Denna metod är applicerbar på alla plastindustrier, både som producerar plastgranulat men också som använder plast för att tillverka andra produkter.
Karlsson, Joakim. "Förekomst av mikroplaster i tångmärlor (Gammaridae) längs södra Hallandskusten." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-43351.
Full textSedan mitten av 1900-talet har forskare observerat att marina organismer tar in plaster i olika former, direkt eller via föda. Plastpartiklar mindre än 5 millimeter, så kallade mikroplaster, har på senare år fått större uppmärksamhet och har också visat sig kunna ackumulera miljögifter. En familj av organismer som man funnit mikroplaster i är tångmärlor (Gammaridae), vilka i många ekosystem är viktiga som födokällor och nedbrytare. I denna studie undersöktes förekomsten av mikroplaster i marina tångmärlor på tre lokaler i stadsområden respektive landsbygdsområden, längs Hallandskusten och Skånes norra kust. Syftet var att se ifall dessa organismer innehåller mikroplaster samt jämföra förekomsten i landsbygdsområden kontra stadsområden. Av 221 analyserade prov förekom mikroplaster i 33 (ca 14,9 %) och förekomsten per individ varierade från 0 till 3 mikroplaster. En signifikant skillnad i medelvärde av mikroplaster per individ fanns mellan landsbygdsområden och urbana områden; urbana områden innehöll i genomsnitt mer men med ett undantag. I andra studier har man funnit belägg för att stadsområden ofta innehåller mer mikroplaster än landsbygdsområden, något som ökar risken för att organismer i dessa områden tar in plaster. Med mer båttrafik och antal invånare överlag, tillsammans med vattendrag som för med sig plast från inlandet, kan det i dessa områden ge en större utsläppsmängd i jämförelse med i landsbygdsområden. Resultatet visar på att mikroplaster förekommer i marina tångmärlor i de undersökta områdena och att dessa organismer därmed kan vara en viktig del i överföringen av mikroplaster mellan trofiska nivåer.
Thuné, William. "Mikroplaster i jord och sediment – utveckling av metodför provbehandling och analys." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för kemi, bioteknologi och hälsa (CBH), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-233868.
Full textThe phenomenon of micro plastics in soil and sediment has recently become more and more noticeable and every day new articles are published about the presence and effects of micro plastics. The interest has also increased significantly for micro plastic litter particles in the environment. The definition of micro plastic particles is that they are smaller than 5 mm in size. The finished and ongoing studies have shown that the micro plastics have a bad effect on the environment (Lassen et al., 2015). It has become a very big environmental problem that the micro plastics created as it has been shown to produce harmful effects on aquatic organism in particular. What happens is that the aquatic organism confuses micro plastics with plankton and they devour the micro plastics instead of food. Unfortunately, there is no major study when it comes to soil-based organism, but it can be said that they are also affected by this problem since micro plastics in soil and sediment is spread on arable land. To be able to analyze micro plastrics, these has to be isolated from other particles. This was done by adding different chemicals at different temperatures and conditions to investigate how the micro plastics are affected by different circumstances. The important part for the micro plastics is to stay true to its original form or shape even after going through different steps throughout the procedure. The sediment samples occurred from the same harbor basin that has a depth of 0 – 0.3 meters and the soil was purchased from Plantagen in Uppsala. The samples were divided into manageable amounts for the procedure to operate without complications. Studies have already shown that the chemicals that are best suited for both separation and digestive solution was sodium chloride, calcium chloride, zinc chloride and sodium iodide. In this study, however, only sodium chloride and calcium chloride were investigated, as both zinc chloride and sodium iodide did show a significant impact on the environment and furthermore required several grams of salt per sample thus they both got excluded from this study. After closer examination, it was clear that calcium chloride had the best density of 1.4 g/cm3 which was enough to separate the unwanted particles to fall to the bottom (sediment) and the four most common plastics e.g. PE, PET, PP and PVC, to float to the surface. The fractionating column (figure 2) used in this study, the top phase could easily be separated from the rest of the solution by closing the valve dividing the column. Since the fractionating column was unable to handle large number of samples, alternative separation techniques were investigated, but since the decantation step is critical, the other options were not fitted in this study. The next step in the procedure was digesting the rest of the materials in the matrix. The digestive agents, sodium hydroxide, nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide were investigated. The purpose of the digestion step was to dissolve other materials in the sample matrix e.g. organic material. It was important to investigate a base, an acid and an oxidant to really know how the micro plastic reacts. Furthermore, these digestives were combined with various temperature of 25 °C, 50 °C and 80 °C. The reason why hydrogen peroxide doesn’t have an 80 °C in the charts, figure 3, is because of the unknown reactions that could occur, since the samples of sediment and soil, contains a large amount of other materials. The decision was made to use nitric acid at 50 °C, it was most suitable for dissolving as much as possible without affecting the five most common plastics for further analysis. Since the size of micro plastics extends over 0 – 5 mm, the samples were filtered through three filters. A filter of 1 mm mesh size, a filter of 100 μ m and the smallest filter of 10 μ m. The biggest was easily evaluated by looking at the particles to decide which are plastics and not. The 100 μ m-filter was evaluated under stereo microscope and the particles that could be plastic were picked up and glued on a piece of carbon tape which then went through a SEM-analysis to determine which of these hand-picked particles were plastics and not. The final and smallest filter, 10 μm, passed through the SEM-analysis directly, these particles were too small to evaluate with the stereo microscope. By looking at the composition of the substances on a single particle, the assessment could be made if it was plastic, mineral or organic material. The important part with the evaluation made with the eye to identify which particle is plastic or not was by adding external stress, e.g. pressure, heat and other factors. It is known that plastics has a characteristic appearance, usually thread-shaped with a smooth surface. By gauging the, what we think is plastic, it could easy be decided if it’s a plastic or not. As we know, plastic has a trait of going back to its original state. If the particle caused by the external stress returned to its original form, it was considered a plastic, however if it remained deformed it was eliminated. The 100 μm is evaluated by stereo microscope and SEM-analysis, the particles that looks like plastic were picked up and glued on a carbon tape that was analyzed by the SEM-analysis. What made the SEM suitable for this study is that by looking at the composition of the substances on a single particle, the evaluation went quick by looking at the spectra. The smallest filter, 10 μm, was evaluated directly in the SEM-analysis. Using its electrons drawn to different particles of different composition, a spectrum could be produced and evaluated in the vase of a micro plastic or not, if the particle gave rise to carbon and oxygen alone onthe spectrum, it can be a micro plastic.
Dahlén, Marie. "Förekomst av mikroplaster i kommunalt avloppsvatten - : En undersökning av Gövikens avloppsreningsverk." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för ekoteknik och hållbart byggande, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-41978.
Full textIn this study Göviken's wastewater treatment plant located in Östersund has been studied. Micro plastics that are quantified are greater than 35 - 45 μm and of clear homogeneous colors. The colors black and white have been chosen to be excluded from this study. The black particles due to contamination through the salt at the density separation and the white ones because the difficulty to distinguish them from the white filter chosen for analysis, that made a characterization of the white particles impracticable. A density separation was performed before the analysis thereof were those plastics that could be found of a kind with a density lower than 1.2 g cm-3. The purpose of this study is to investigate the extent to which micro plastics are present in waste water to Göviken, and to investigate where they are found in the purification process and how much micro plastic that are released via outgoing water. The use of plastic and the plastic production have increased in the world over the last few decades, due to that also the micro plastics have increased. Since the 1950s, the number of different types of plastics has increased and their uses are many. Micro plastic is defined as small plastic particles or plastic fibers smaller than 5 mm. Several studies show that micro plastic occurs in nature, many studies show that it is the marine systems that have suffered the hardest. The micro plastic itself threatens animal species that swallow the plastic as food and thus can, among other things, starve themselves by eating these plastic particles. What has also emerged as a potential and significant danger regarding micro plastics in the marine systems is its ability to attract and retain hydrophobic contaminants such as PCB and PAHs. Research in the field is increasing and micro plastics have got more and more attention in recent years. In the field of wastewater treatment plants and occurrence of micro plastics, few studies have been done, all of them show that most of the micro plastics are found in the sludge at the treatment plants. Possible sources of micro plastics to wastewater treatment plants could be laundry of textiles and through plastics in stormwater. Conclusions drawn after completed study is that micro plastics occurs in incoming water to treatment plant. In the outgoing water was there also presence of micro plastics, but reduced with 27 % by comparison with the quantity of micro plastics in the incoming water.
2018-06-28
Turstam, Mika, and Sofie Winkler. "Återvinning av sopsand : Provtagning och reningsmöjligheter avseende metaller, kolväten och mikroplaster." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för byggd miljö och energiteknik (BET), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-104815.
Full textBooks on the topic "Mikroplaster"
Fath, Andreas. Mikroplastik. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-57852-0.
Full textFath, Andreas. Mikroplastik kompakt. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-25734-7.
Full textWaldschläger, Kryss. Mikroplastik in der aquatischen Umwelt. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-27766-6.
Full textRist, Sinja. Auswirkungen von Mikroplastik auf die Grünlippmuschel Perna viridis. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-12842-5.
Full textFath, Andreas. Mikroplastik: Verbreitung, Vermeidung, Verwendung. Springer Spektrum, 2019.
Find full textFath, Andreas. Mikroplastik kompakt: Wissenswertes für alle. Springer Spektrum, 2019.
Find full textRist, Sinja. Auswirkungen von Mikroplastik auf die Grünlippmuschel Perna viridis. Springer Spektrum, 2016.
Find full textWaldschläger, Kryss. Mikroplastik in der aquatischen Umwelt: Quellen, Senken und Transportpfade. Springer Vieweg, 2019.
Find full textOptimierung industrieller Kläranlagen. VDI Verlag, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.51202/9783181023297.
Full textBook chapters on the topic "Mikroplaster"
Fath, Andreas. "Mikroplastik." In Mikroplastik, 15–242. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-57852-0_2.
Full textFath, Andreas. "Einleitung: Mikroplastik – eine wachsende Gefahr für Mensch und Umwelt." In Mikroplastik, 1–13. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-57852-0_1.
Full textFath, Andreas. "Mikroplastik als Chance." In Mikroplastik, 243–89. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-57852-0_3.
Full textFath, Andreas. "Schlusswort." In Mikroplastik, 291–93. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-57852-0_4.
Full textFath, Andreas. "Anhang." In Mikroplastik, 295–96. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-57852-0_5.
Full textFath, Andreas. "Einleitung." In Mikroplastik kompakt, 1–6. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-25734-7_1.
Full textFath, Andreas. "Mikroplastik – Definition, Entstehung und Verwendung." In Mikroplastik kompakt, 7–13. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-25734-7_2.
Full textFath, Andreas. "Auswirkungen von Mikroplastik." In Mikroplastik kompakt, 15–34. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-25734-7_3.
Full textFath, Andreas. "Gegenmaßnahmen – Vermeidung, Abbau & Recycling." In Mikroplastik kompakt, 35–49. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-25734-7_4.
Full textFath, Andreas. "20 Tipps, um Plastikmüll und dessen Eintrag in unsere Gewässer zu vermeiden." In Mikroplastik kompakt, 51–53. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-25734-7_5.
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