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Hartley, Ian Russell. "Polygyny, parentage and parental investment in the corn bunting, Miliaria calandra." Thesis, University of Leicester, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/34102.
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1) This study investigated the costs and benefits of a polygynous mating system, and its effects on reproductive success and parental care in male and female com buntings (Miliaria calandra), on North Uist, Outer Hebrides. In 1989 and 1990, 41.2% of males were monogamously paired, 33.3% polygynous and 23.5% unpaired; the sex ratio was 1:1. Polygynous males usually paired with two females; occasionally three. The distribution of females among males was not significantly different from a binomial distribution. 2) DNA fingerprinting showed that there were only two possible cases of extra-pair paternity (EPP) due to extra-pair copulation (EPC) (4.5% of 44 offspring; 6.7% of broods), both from the same brood. There were no cases of intra-specific brood parasitism (IBP) (0% of 50 offspring; 0% of 16 broods). EPP was probably rare because of mate guarding by the male, asynchrony between broods for polygynous males and limited opportunities for EPC. Polygynous males fledged more offspring from their territories than did monogamous males because they paired with more females; unpaired males fledged no offspring. 3) Unlike most other polygynous birds, primary and secondary females of polygynous male com buntings had similar reproductive success and both had greater reproductive success than monogamous females. Monogamous females had lower reproductive success because their chicks starved more often. Although monogamous females provisioned nestlings at a similar rate to females of polygynous males, monogamous females delivered smaller food loads, which may have led to the reduced success of those nests. 4) Males rarely fed nestlings before they were four days old. Males provided less food for nestlings than did females at all chick ages and, on average, provided a maximum of only 22.0% of all feeds. Unusually for a polygynous species, males provisioned nestlings of monogamous, primary and secondary females with similar sized food loads and at similar rates. 5) Broods belonging to primary and secondary females were apparently equally valuable to their males because EPP was low in this population and brood sizes were similar between nest classes. Males may have been able to feed both nests because they were temporally separate, although at least one male was able to feed overlapping nests simultaneously. Males provisioned proportionately less than females at early stages of the nestling period, possibly because of sex differences in other available reproductive opportunities. Females had no better available option than to provide parental care to the current brood, whereas males could potentially increase their fitness better by defending a territory in which females could breed. 6) Males appeared to defend areas in which females chose to nest rather than to forage. Females often foraged outside male territories. The territories of unpaired, monogamous and polygynous males did not differ significantly in habitat composition. 7) Female corn buntings neither suffered costs to polygyny, nor did they compete for resources, such as male parental care, nest sites or food. Nests were under-dispersed in space, because of habitat aggregation, and were randomly dispersed in time within territories. Primary and secondary females of polygynous males did not choose territories in the same order, and the first settling females of polygynous males did not settle significantly earlier than monogamous females; this suggests that males were chosen randomly, rather than by the quality of their resources. I suggest that low variance of male territory quality facilitated random female choice of males. A no-cost, no-benefit model, with females choosing males randomly is suggested as the best explanation for the maintenance of polygyny in the com bunting.
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Shepherd, Michael. "Some aspects of the breeding biology of the corn bunting Miliaria calandra." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.315092.
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Brickle, Nicholas W. "The effect of agricultural intensification on the decline of the Corn Bunting, Miliaria calandra." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.287184.
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Moreira, Maria Inês Vasconcelos de Albergaria Pinheiro. "Padrão de distribuição das aves e efeitos da densidade de machos territoriais na actividade de canto do trigueirão (Miliaria calandra)." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.12/712.
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Dissertação de Mestrado em EtologiaProcurou-se determinar se a distribuição dos machos de Trigueirão {Miliaria calandra) obedece a algum padrão relativamente a vários tipos de biótopos agrícolas (seara, pousio e olival), e se diferentes densidades de machos territoriais têm algum efeito na sua actividade de canto. O trabalho de campo decorreu durante as épocas reprodutivas de 1997 e 1998, na região de Castro Verde (Baixo Alentejo). Verificou-se não existir nenhuma associação significativa entre qualquer dos biótopos considerados e a densidade de machos com território estabelecido. Alterações na utilização do terreno entre os dois anos não foram acompanhadas por alterações na densidade das aves. A taxa de canto (número de cantos/minuto) não apresenta uma variação entre áreas de alta ou baixa densidade, mas varia significativamente entre os dois anos de estudo. A actividade de canto é maior em áreas com maior densidade de machos territoriais, mas apenas quando se considera a percentagem de minutos em que os indivíduos cantaram.
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Sabbag, Ariadne Fares [UNESP]. "Filogeografia de Thoropa grupo miliaris (Anura: Cycloramphidae)." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/87555.
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000713955.pdf: 1305705 bytes, checksum: 3e29a2bd15ec794b73a281cd78030871 (MD5)A Mata Atlântica, uma formação florestal com alta diversidade e ameaçada por ação antrópica, é foco de interesse de vários estudos sobre diversificação de espécies. Este estudo teve como objetivo principal entender a história evolutiva das espécies de Thoropa grupo miliaris (Anura: Cycloramphidae), que inclui T. miliaris, T. taophora, T. saxatilis e T. megatympanum. Utilizei sequências de DNA mitocondrial dos fragmentos 16S, ND2 e COI de indivíduos das quatro espécies (N = 487), distribuídos em um total de 98 localidades. Realizei análises de agrupamento para os três fragmentos separados, e posteriormente realizei análises filogenéticas sob Inferência Bayesiana, Máxima Verossimilhança e Máxima Parcimônia com os fragmentos concatenados. Além disso, fiz redes de haplótipos com as sequências de 16S, e calculei diversidades genéticas, além das divergências genéticas intra e interclados. Por fim, estimei tempos de divergência por meio de análises coalescentes (t MRCA) e das divergências genéticas (dA ). Encontrei a diversidade genética distribuída em oito clados distintos. Thoropa saxatilis e T. megatympanum são grupos monofiléticos bem estruturados. A primeira localiza-se no nordeste do Rio Grande do Sul e sudeste de Santa Catarina, e a segunda ocorre na Serra do Espinhaço. Thoropa miliaris inclui cinco grupos parafiléticos em relação à T. taophora, e ocorrem desde o sudeste da Bahia até o sudeste do Rio de Janeiro, e sobrepõem-se no centro-sul do Espírito Santo e centro-norte do Rio de Janeiro. Thoropa taophora inclui populações do extremo sudeste do estado do Rio de Janeiro e do litoral do estado de São Paulo. Alguns clados de Thoropa miliaris são bem estruturados, e os outros formam, juntamente com T. taophora, um agrupamento...
The Atlantic Forest, a forest formation with high diversity and threatened by human action, is the subject of interest of many studies on species diversification. This study is based on the evolutionary history of the Thoropa miliaris group (Anura: Cycloramphidae), which includes T. miliaris, T. taophora¸ T. saxatilis and T. megatympanum. I used sequences of mitochondrial DNA fragments of 16S, ND2 and COI from individuals of the four species (N = 487), distributed in 98 localities. I performed cluster analysis for the three separated fragments, and after that, phylogenetic analyzes with Bayesian Inference, Maximum Likelihood and Maximum Parsimony with the concatenated fragments. In addition, I made haplotype networks using the 16S fragment, and also calculated genetic diversity and genetic divergences within and between clades. Finally, I estimated times of divergence using coalescent analysis (t MRCA) and genetic divergence (dA ). I found the genetic diversity distributed in eight distinct clades. Thoropa saxatilis and T. megatympanum are monophyletic and structured groups. The first located in northeastern Rio Grande do Sul and southeast Santa Catarina and the second occurs at Serra do Espinhaço. Thoropa miliaris includes five paraphyletic groups that occur from southern Bahia to southern Rio de Janeiro, and these clades overlap in the center- south of the Espírito Santo and north-central Rio de Janeiro. Thoropa taophora includes populations from the extreme southeastern of the state of Rio de Janeiro, and the coast of the São Paulo state. Some clades of Thoropa miliaris are structured, and the others form, along with T. taophora, a group with low genetic diversity. Thoropa miliaris group possibly began its diversification in the Miocene (tempo de divergência: 8.5 to 3.7 My) and most recent common ancestors are from... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Sabbag, Ariadne Fares. "Filogeografia de Thoropa grupo miliaris (Anura: Cycloramphidae) /." São José do Rio Preto, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/87555.
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Orientador: Cinthia Aguirre BrasileiroCoorientador: Mariana Lúcio Lyra
Banca: Cynthia Peralta de Almeida Prado
Banca: Maria Tereza Chiarioni Thomé
Resumo: A Mata Atlântica, uma formação florestal com alta diversidade e ameaçada por ação antrópica, é foco de interesse de vários estudos sobre diversificação de espécies. Este estudo teve como objetivo principal entender a história evolutiva das espécies de Thoropa grupo miliaris (Anura: Cycloramphidae), que inclui T. miliaris, T. taophora, T. saxatilis e T. megatympanum. Utilizei sequências de DNA mitocondrial dos fragmentos 16S, ND2 e COI de indivíduos das quatro espécies (N = 487), distribuídos em um total de 98 localidades. Realizei análises de agrupamento para os três fragmentos separados, e posteriormente realizei análises filogenéticas sob Inferência Bayesiana, Máxima Verossimilhança e Máxima Parcimônia com os fragmentos concatenados. Além disso, fiz redes de haplótipos com as sequências de 16S, e calculei diversidades genéticas, além das divergências genéticas intra e interclados. Por fim, estimei tempos de divergência por meio de análises coalescentes (t MRCA) e das divergências genéticas (dA ). Encontrei a diversidade genética distribuída em oito clados distintos. Thoropa saxatilis e T. megatympanum são grupos monofiléticos bem estruturados. A primeira localiza-se no nordeste do Rio Grande do Sul e sudeste de Santa Catarina, e a segunda ocorre na Serra do Espinhaço. Thoropa miliaris inclui cinco grupos parafiléticos em relação à T. taophora, e ocorrem desde o sudeste da Bahia até o sudeste do Rio de Janeiro, e sobrepõem-se no centro-sul do Espírito Santo e centro-norte do Rio de Janeiro. Thoropa taophora inclui populações do extremo sudeste do estado do Rio de Janeiro e do litoral do estado de São Paulo. Alguns clados de Thoropa miliaris são bem estruturados, e os outros formam, juntamente com T. taophora, um agrupamento... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The Atlantic Forest, a forest formation with high diversity and threatened by human action, is the subject of interest of many studies on species diversification. This study is based on the evolutionary history of the Thoropa miliaris group (Anura: Cycloramphidae), which includes T. miliaris, T. taophora¸ T. saxatilis and T. megatympanum. I used sequences of mitochondrial DNA fragments of 16S, ND2 and COI from individuals of the four species (N = 487), distributed in 98 localities. I performed cluster analysis for the three separated fragments, and after that, phylogenetic analyzes with Bayesian Inference, Maximum Likelihood and Maximum Parsimony with the concatenated fragments. In addition, I made haplotype networks using the 16S fragment, and also calculated genetic diversity and genetic divergences within and between clades. Finally, I estimated times of divergence using coalescent analysis (t MRCA) and genetic divergence (dA ). I found the genetic diversity distributed in eight distinct clades. Thoropa saxatilis and T. megatympanum are monophyletic and structured groups. The first located in northeastern Rio Grande do Sul and southeast Santa Catarina and the second occurs at Serra do Espinhaço. Thoropa miliaris includes five paraphyletic groups that occur from southern Bahia to southern Rio de Janeiro, and these clades overlap in the center- south of the Espírito Santo and north-central Rio de Janeiro. Thoropa taophora includes populations from the extreme southeastern of the state of Rio de Janeiro, and the coast of the São Paulo state. Some clades of Thoropa miliaris are structured, and the others form, along with T. taophora, a group with low genetic diversity. Thoropa miliaris group possibly began its diversification in the Miocene (tempo de divergência: 8.5 to 3.7 My) and most recent common ancestors are from... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre
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COULON, GUY, and Jean-Paul Roux. "Les miliaires tuberculeuses : a propos de 15 observations." Lille 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LIL2M038.
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Magnien-Hauswald, Isabelle. "La miliaire tuberculeuse chez le sujet age : a propos de sept observations." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991STR1M151.
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Hughes, Adam. "The trophic ecology of Psammechinus miliaris in Scottish sea lochs." Thesis, Open University, 2006. https://pure.uhi.ac.uk/portal/en/studentthesis/the-trophic-ecology-of-psammechinus-miliaris-in-scottish-sea-lochs(e43ce06b-4b20-4582-9beb-bdbc61b7a214).html.
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Understanding the trophic relationships between organisms is crucial to understanding ecosystem functioning and as such regular echinoids have been termed keystone through the action of their grazing. Much research has focused on this group’s action as herbivores, but as a group omnivory is common. The aim of this study was to investigate the trophic ecology of the locally super abundant regular echinoid species Psammechinus miliaris within Scottish sea lochs. To do this the study used manipulative field experiments combined with biochemical analysis of trophic proxies. The manipulative field experiments involved either the hand removal or the caging of P. miliaris to determine the impact the sea urchin grazinghas on benthic community structure. These studies revealed that grazing of P. miliaris can have a major influence on the biomass and structure of the benthic invertebrate communities. The biochemical analysis of trophic proxies was used to quantify the spatial and temporal variations in the trophic interactions of P. miliaris. These studies focused on the urchin gonad and compared differences in the gonadal somatic indices (reflecting nutritional and reproductive state) with the fatty acid biochemistry and stable isotope ratios of Carbon and Nitrogen. These studies revealed high levels of spatial and temporal heterogeneity in the trophic interactions of P. miliaris and suggested that the populations exhibited significant levels of omnivory. The combination of these studies showed that P.miliaris plays an important role in structuring benthic invertebrate communities and in the flow of energy through ecosystems and through this, ecosystem functioning.
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Otero, Villanueva Maria del Mar. "Diets, energetics and ecology of the sea urchin Psammechinus miliaris." Thesis, Open University, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.272955.
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Beer, Amy-Jane. "Post embryonic development and neurobiology of the sea urchin Psammechinus miliaris." Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.286247.
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Ogo, Satie Hatsushika 1943. "Estrutura e função em hemoglobinas de serpentes H. modestus e L. miliaris." [s.n.], 1987. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/316235.
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Resumo: As serpentes aquáticas Helicops modestus e Liophis miliaris apresentaram nos hemolisados totais 3 e 5 componentes respectivamente que pareceram ser formas diferentes da mesma hemoglobina. As curvas de equilíbrio com oxigênio da hemoglobina "stripped" de ambas as serpentes mostraram alta afinidade pelo oxigênio, de cerca de 1,0 mm Hg em pH 7,0, pequeno efeito Bohr alcalino, cerca de -0,7 em H. modestus e -0,30 em L. miliaris bem como baixa cooperatividade (nH cerca de 1,0) e pronunciado efeito de fosfatos orgânicos sobre ambos, afinidade pelo oxigênio e efeito Bohr. Assim, os valores de P50 encontrados em presença de efetor alostérico como ATP foram 17,8 mm Hg e 8,93 mm Hg, os valores do efeito Bohr foram cerca de-0,90 e -0,55 em Hb de L limiaris e H. modestus, respectivamente. Os valores dos coeficientes de Hill em pHs menores que 7,5 foram cerca de 2,0, enquanto que em pHs maiores foram de cerca de 1,0 mostrando ausência de cooperatividade entre as sub-unidades nestas condições...Observação: O resumo, na íntegra poderá ser visualizado no texto completo da tese digital
Abstract: The complete abstract is avaiable with the full eletronic digital theses or dissertations
Tese (livre-docencia) - Univer
Bioquimica
Livre-Docente em Ciencias Biologicas
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Galdames, Portus Maria Isabel. "Analises molecular e termodinamica das hemoglobinas de Clarias sp. e Liophis miliaris." [s.n.], 1996. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/313892.
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Orientador: Aldo Focesi JrTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia
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Resumo: Neste trabalho analisou-se e as propriedades funcionais intrínsecas de oxigenação e de oxidação das hemoglobinas, tetramérica de Clarias sp. peixe de respiração aérea, e dimérica de Liophis miliaris, serpente aquática, considerando-se a base molecular e termodinâmica de união com o ligante, efeito Bohr e cooperatividade, e a relação estruturafunção-evolução As propriedades funcionais de oxigenação da hemoglobina de Clarias sp., de um componente eletroforético de migração anódica, mostraram alta afmidade pelo oxigênio (P50 de 4,5 torr), sem efeito Bohr e cooperativa. Com valores de n = 1,5 na forma "stripped" e efeito alostérico heterotrópico do ATP, com Kd 3 x 104 M-¹ em pH 7,6. O potencial redox revelou uma baixa energia livre intrínseca, DGo° de 2,0 Kcal morl -¹, menor do que a da hemoglobina humana e Hb I de truta, compatível com a alta afinidade pelo oxigênio e com instabilidade da estrutura quaternária, provavelmente devido a substituições do contato a1b2. Os valores de DG°, em função do pH, com uma transição T®R com pK próximo a pH 7,5, independente ao efeito Bohr e de fosfatos orgânicos, sugerem a ionização de uma histidina associada ao processo alostérico. Os valores de DG° do potencial redox da hemoglobina de Clarias sp. e de Liophis miliaris na presença de A TP em função do pH não foram modificados, não devendo contribuir energeticamente na transição quaternária. O efeito Bohr aparente ou de ânion observado deve-se à mudanças de interações eletrostáticas da união do ligante induzi das pelo pH e não ao efeito Bohr intrínseco. Os estudos de óxido-redução da hemoglobina de Liophis miliaris, dimérica na forma "stripped", mostraram mudanças conformacionais da estrutura terciária e ausência da transição quatemária T®R. Observou-se a tetramerização, cooperatividade e transição com pK próximo a 7,5 na presença de ATP, com , DG° próximo a 0,4 Kcal mol-¹, envolvem a ionização de uma ou mais histidinas da cadeia beta e a estabilização tetrâmero por interações eletrostáticas e/ou pontes salinas do contato a1b2 originadas por este efetor alostérico. O modelo dímero-tetrâmero proposto para Liophis miliaris não inclui a formas quatemárias intermediárias da forma T ou R, devido à ausência do contato a a1b2 na forma desoxigenada, seguindo o comportamento do modelo de MWC que envolve só um ajuste da estrutura terciária em ambos dímeros associados à cooperatividade. Estas propriedades funcionais, estruturais e termodinâmicas das hemoglobinas de vertebrados não mamíferos, de respiração aérea, refletiriam as características moleculares dos ancestrais dos primeiros vertebrados, hemoglobinas de alta afinidade pelo oxigênio, de baixa energia livre intrínseca, provavelmente devido a substituições específicas do contato a1b2
Abstract: The functional oxygenation and oxidation properties of tetrameric hemoglobin were analyzed for Clarias sp., an air breathing fish, and dimeric hemoglobin Liophis miliaris, a water snake, relating to the molecular and thermodynamic of the ligand binding, the Bohr effect and cooperativity. The structure-function-evolution were considered in this hemoglobin. The oxygenation properties of Clarias sp. hemoglobin with one anodic electrophoretic component and two globin chains, showed high oxygen affinity, Pso of 4.5 torr, absence of Bohr effect, cooperativity n = 1,5 , in the stripped form, and an evident heterotropic allosteric effect for ATP, with Kd 3xl04 M-², at pH 7.6. The redox potentials showed a low intrinsic free energy DG° of 2.0 Kcal mol-¹, lower in relation to trout I and human hemoglobin. Consistent with the high oxygen affmity and instability of the quatemary structure, probably due to the substitutions at a1b2 interface. The free Gibbs energy value and the T ®R transition with pK dose to pH 7.5, independent of the Bohr and organic phosphate effects, suggest a histidine ionization associated with this allosteric processo The invariability of DG° redox potential values with pH in the presence of ATP, observed for Clarias sp. and Liophis miliaris hemoglobins, seems not to energetically contribute on the quatemary transition. The apparent Bohr effect or the anion effect could be attributed to the alteration in the electrostatic association of the ligand, induced by the pH, and not to the intrinsic Bohr effect. The oxidation-reduction studies of hemoglobins of Liophis miliaris dimeric in the stripped form showed conformational change in the tertiary structure and absence of the quaternary transition T ®R. The tetramerization, cooperativity and transition with pK close, to 7.5, in the presence of A TP, with DG° 0.4 Kcal mol-¹, suggest the ionization of histidine of the beta chain and stability of the tetramer by electrostatic interaction or salt bond contact a1b2, originated by this allosteric effect. The dimer-tetramer model proposed for Liophis miliaris does not include the quaternary intermediates forms of T or R, due to the absence of the contact a1b2 in the deoxygenated form, according to the model of MWC, which would be envolve one fitting of the tertiary structure in both dimers, associated at the cooperativity. These functional, structural and thermodynamic properties of hemoglobins of air breathing non-mammals, could reflect the molecular characteristics of the ancestral primitive vertebrates hemoglobins which high oxygen affmity, low intrinsic free energy an the specific substitutions at the a1b2 contact
Doutorado
Doutor em Ciências
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Sander, Évelyne. "Accès pseudo-palustres, révélation inaccoutumée d'une tuberculose hépatique : à propos d'un cas." Montpellier 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994MON11126.
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Prado, Ligia Pizzatto do. "Reprodução de Liophis miliaris (Serpentes: Colubridae) no Brasil: influencia historica e variações geograficas." [s.n.], 2003. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/316158.
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Orientador: Otavio Augusto Vuolo MarquesDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia
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Resumo: A reprodução de Liophis miliaris no Brasil foi estudada em quatro populações: Mata Atlântica do sul da Bahia, Mata Atlântica do litoral de São Paulo e Par_ Domínio Atlântico do interior de São Paulo e Domínio Atlântico do interior do Paraná. Em todas as localidades as fêmeas são maiores que os machos. Adultos e recém-nascidos da Mata Atlântica do sul da Bahia são menores que os das demais localidades. Nessa região, onde existe pouca variação climática ao longo do ano, as fêmeas apresentaram ciclo reprodutivo contínuo, ao passo que nas demais localidades ele é sazonal e relacionado ao aumento de temperatura e precipitação. O ciclo espermatogênico parece ser contínuo em todas as regiões. Nas populações onde o ciclo é sazonal, a cópula parece ocorrer antes da época de vitelogênese e, portanto, as fêmeas devem estocar os espermatozóides. A fecundidade é semelhante em todas as áreas e aumenta com o tamanho corporal da fêmea. A freqüência reprodutiva é menor na Mata Atlântica do sul da Bahia e, ao contrário das demais regiões, tende a ser maior em indivíduos de maior tamanho corporal. Os tipos de presas ingeridos são semelhantes nas quatro populações e fêmeas grávidas não se alimentam. Machos e fêmeas são parasitados (por nematóide Ophidiascaris sp. E cistacantos Oligacanthorynchus spira) em iguais proporções e os indivíduos da Mata Atlântica do sul da Bahia são menos parasitados. O parasitismo aparentemente não impede a reprodução da espécie. Entretanto, fêmeas parasitadas pelo nematóide, no Domínio Atlântico do interior do Paraná, apresentam menor fecundidade. A atividade das serpentes está relacionada ao ciclo reprodutivo e às variações climáticas nas quatro áreas estudadas. Liophis miliaris apresenta o ciclo reprodutivo diferente de outros membros da tribo Xenodontini, que tendem a se reproduzir continuamente mesmo em áreas onde a sazonalidade climática é acentuada. Assim, L. miliaris parece ser mais sensível a certos parâmetros ambientais do que outras espécies de Xenodontini já estudadas
Abstract: This work reports different aspects on reproduction of the colubrid snake Liophis miliaris in four different regions of Brazil: Atlantic forest in south Bahia state, coastal Atlantic forest in São Paulo Paraná states, inland Atlantic forest in São Paulo and inland Atlantic forest in Paraná. Females have larger snout-vent length (SVL) than males in all these regions. In south Bahia, where there is little climate variation, the reproductive cycle is continuous whereas in the other regions it is seasonal, related to warmer and more rainy season. Sperm production seems to occur all through the year in all these regions. Where reproductive cycle is seasonal, mating seems to be dissociated from vitellogenesis, thus, females must store sperm overwinter. Clutch size is similar in all populations increasing with maternal length. In the Atlantic forest in south Bahia newborn snakes had a smaller SVL than in the other regions studied. Reproductive frequency is lower in Atlantic forest in south Bahia, different from the other regions, tends to increase with female length. Prey items are similar in all populations and gravid females do not feed. Ophidiascaris sp. (Nematoda) and cystacanths of Oligacanthorynchus spira (Acanthocephala) were found equally in both females and males, fewer in snakes from Atlantic forest in Bahia. Apparently, these parasites do not impede reproduction, but females attacked by nematodes in the inland Atlantic forest in Paraná show a smaller clutch size than non-attacked ones. The activity pattern of adults snakes is associated with reproductive cycle and climate variation in all sites. The reproductive pattern of L. miliaris differs from other Xenodontini species which tend to reproduce continuously even in areas with seasonal climate. Thus, L. miliaris seems to be more sensitive to some climate variables than other studied species of Xenodontini
Mestrado
Mestre em Ecologia
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Ghiringhelli, Charles-Benoît Pourel Jacques. "Polyarthrites, hépatites granulomateuses et miliaires pulmonaires : complications dysimmunitaires ou septiques de l'immunothérapie endovésicale par BCG dans les cancers superficiels de la vessie." [S.l] : [s.n], 2003. http://www.scd.uhp-nancy.fr/docnum/SCDMED_T_2003_GHIRINGHELLI_CHARLES_BENOIT.pdf.
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Mitra, Bhargav Kumar. "Scene segmentation using miliarity, motion and depth based cues." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2010. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/2480/.
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Segmentation of complex scenes to aid surveillance is still considered an open research problem. In this thesis a computational model (CM) has been developed to classify a scene into foreground, moving-shadow and background regions. It has been demonstrated how the CM, with the optional use of a channel ratio test, can be applied to demarcate foreground shadow regions in indoor scenes illuminated by a fixed incandescent source of light. A combined approach, involving the CM working in tandem with a traditional motion cue based segmentation method, has also been constructed. In the combined approach, the CM is applied to segregate the foreground shaded regions in a current frame based on a binary mask generated using a standard background subtraction process (BSP). Various popular outlier detection strategies have been investigated to assess their suitabilities in generating a threshold automatically, required to develop a binary mask from a difference frame, the outcome of the BSP. To evaluate the full scope of the pixel labeling capabilities of the CM and to estimate the associated time constraints, the model is deployed for foreground scene segmentation in recorded real-life video streams. The observations made validate the satisfactory performance of the model in most cases. In the second part of the thesis depth based cues have been exploited to perform the task of foreground scene segmentation. An active structured light based depthestimating arrangement has been modeled in the thesis; the choice of modeling an active system over a passive stereovision one has been made to alleviate some of the difficulties associated with the classical correspondence problem. The model developed not only facilitates use of the set-up but also makes possible a method to increase the working volume of the system without explicitly encoding the projected structured pattern. Finally, it is explained how scene segmentation can be accomplished based solely on the structured pattern disparity information, without generating explicit depthmaps. To de-noise the difference frames, generated using the developed method, two median filtering schemes have been implemented. The working of one of the schemes is advocated for practical use and is described in terms of discrete morphological operators, thus facilitating hardware realisation of the method to speed-up the de-noising process.
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TRUONG-SI, THAI-ANH. "Tuberculose miliaire fulminante se presentant comme un syndrome de defaillance mutiviscerale : a propos d'un cas." Amiens, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994AMIEM004.
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Retief, Jacques D. "Poly(glutamic acid) promoted assembly of nucleosome cores on the histone gene quintet of psammechinus miliaris." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/7596.
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Bibliography: leaves 194-217.This thesis investigates whether DNA and histones contain sufficient information to direct nucleosome cores into specific positions. The "in vitro" assembly of nucleosome cores promoted by poly(glutamic acid) has been optimized with respect to rate and yield. This was achieved by paying attention to the purity of the core constituents and in particular by the use of histones in their octameric form. The suitability of a number of octamer purification protocols, to produce pure undenatured histone octamers, has been investigated and the methodology improved. The particles assembled on random DNA have been found to be indistinguishable from native nucleosome cores by the following criteria: Their S value on sucrose gradient centrifugation, resistance to Micrococcal nuclease digestion, DNase I digestion patterns, DNase I digestion kinetics at the susceptible sites, electronmicroscopic appearance, hi stone content and electrophoretic mobility. Cores were also assembled on unique DNA, namely the intact h22 histone quintet of Psammechinus miliaris. Low resolution mapping, by indirect endlabelling of polycores assembled on the quintet, did not reveal any preferred sites of assembly. To investigate the core associated DNA at single base pair resolution, a series of fragments, excised from the H2A-Hl and the Hl-H4 spacer areas, were inserted into pGV403 plasmids. These plasmids can be strand specifically end-labelled with the Klenow fragment at the two different Tth 111 I excision sites utilised to isolate the propagated insert. On the free linearised DNA a complex digestion pattern is produced due to the sequence specificities of Micrococcal nuclease and DNase I. When cores are assembled on this DNA the digestion pattern is changed. This pattern reveals two preferential frames of assembly and indicates that in the remainder of the fragments cores are assembled, randomly, or in a number of overlapping frames. It is concluded that the DNA fragments investigated and the hi stone octamer contain enough structural information to influence the positions occupied by some nucleosome cores. The implications of these findings are discussed.
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Koeslag, Anthony. "Computer aided diagnosis of miliary TB in chest X-rays." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/5191.
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Includes bibliography.With the improvement in computer technology, Computer Aided Diagnosis (CAD) is becoming an increasingly more powerful tool for radiologists. The focus of this project was on CAD of pulmonary miliary tuberculosis. Several methods for enhancing lung textures were discussed as an aid to the radiologist in diagnosing miliary TB. Some statistical approaches and template matching methods were used to measure characteristics of both healthy and unhealthy (miliary TB) lung textures. These measurements were evaluated to see if a computer can be programmed to differentiate between lung texture from a healthy lung and lung texture from a lung with miliary TB.
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Banzi, Elena Grossi Piergiovanna. "I miliari come fonte topografica e storica : l'esempio della XI regio, Transpadana e delle Alpes cottiae /." Rome : Paris : École française de Rome ; diff. de Boccard, 1999. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb370581922.
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Schaedler, Carlos Eduardo. "Resistência de Fimbristylis miliacea (L.) Vahl aos herbicidas inibidores da enzima ALS." Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 2011. http://repositorio.ufpel.edu.br/handle/ri/2089.
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Previous issue date: 2011-08-17Rice is one of the main foods for the most part of the world population. One of the main barriers that limit the full expression of the potential productivity of this crop is the competition by weeds. Among the methods of weed control in rice fields, herbicide is the most used. However, the evolution of many cases of resistance to these chemicals for several weed species has required farmers to adopt alternative methods of control and / or alternate herbicide mechanisms of action, which does not always result in the desired efficiency. The objective of this study was to explore the resistance of Fimbristylis miliacea biotypes to ALS inhibitor herbicides. Four studies were conducted: one in the field, two in greenhouse and one in the laboratory. It was determined the cross-resistance to ALS-inhibiting herbicides in field conditions (Article 1); caracterized the resistance level dose-response curve experiments were conducted in the greenhouse with two resistant biotypes (FIMM 10 FIMMI 12) and one susceptible (FIMM 13) (Article 2); it was compared the competitive ability and competition for light and nutrients resources between the biotypes of F. miliacea resistant and susceptible to ALS-inhibiting herbicides, and these with rice (Article 3); and it was sequenced the ALS enzyme gene from the biotypes studied to evaluate the mechanism of resistance to ALS-inhibiting herbicides (Article 4). The study 1 (Article 1) was conducted in Santa Catarina in a flooded rice field with resistant populations to pyrazosulfuron-ethyl. The study 2 (Article 2) and a part of the research of study 3 (article 3) were conducted in a greenhouse at the Departament of Plant Protection ( Fitossanidade ), UFPel in Capão do Leão RS; part of the research of study 3 (Article 3) and study 4 (Article 4) was conducted in the Department of Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences at the University of Arkansas - Fayetteville, AR, USA. In field conditions, it was determined that F. miliacea is cross-resistant to ALSinhibitors herbicides. The biotype FIMMI 10 showed cross-resistance to three chemical families of ALS-inhibiting herbicides (pyrimidinylthiobenzoates, sulfonylureas and triazolopyrimidines). FIMMI 12 biotype showed cross resistance to two ALS-inhibiting herbicides (sulfonylureas and triazolopyrimidines). In equal proportions of plants, the rice, regardless of FIMMI biotype, presented, in general, higher values in the variables evaluated. Intraspecific competition is stronger among rice plants than interspecific with FIMMI biotypes. The competition for soil resources had higher effect for F. miliaceae and rice. Analysis of the nucleotide and amino acid sequences among the different biotypes indicated that a single point mutation, Thymine-Adenine, in the FIMMI 10 biotype; the mutation found resulted in an amino acid substitution Asp376Glu, in the region F between C, A, D and B, E domains of the ALS gen.
A evolução de muitos casos de resistência a herbicidas por diversas espécies infestantes das áreas de arroz irrigado tem causado problemas de falha de controle e redução de produtividade da área infestada. O objetivo deste trabalho foi de explorar a resistência de biótipos de Fimbristylis miliacea aos herbicidas inibidores da enzima ALS e investigar a habilidade competitiva relativa e a competição acima e abaixo do solo de biótipos de Fimbristylis miliacea resistente ou suscetível aos herbicidas inibidores da ALS com arroz, e entre os biótipos. Foram realizados quatro estudos: um em campo, dois em casa de vegetação, e um em laboratório. Foi determinada a resistência cruzada aos herbicidas inibidores da ALS em condição de campo (Artigo 1); para caracterizar o nível de resistência, experimentos de curvas de dose-resposta foram conduzidos em casa de vegetação, utilizando dois biótipos resistentes (FIMMI 10 e FIMMI 12) e um suscetível (FIMMI 13) (Artigo 2); foram comparadas habilidades competitivas e a competição pelos recursos luz e nutrientes entre os biótipos de F. miliacea resistente e suscetível aos herbicidas inibidores da ALS e destes com arroz irrigado (Artigo 3); e foi sequenciado o gene da enzima ALS nos biótipos estudados, a fim de desvendar o mecanismo que confere resistência aos herbicidas inibidores de ALS (Artigo 4). O experimento do artigo 1 foi conduzido em Santa Catarina, em área de arroz irrigado com populações de F. miliacea resistente ao herbicida pyrazosulfuron-ethyl; o experimento do artigo 2 e parte do experimento do artigo 3 foram conduzidos em casa de vegetação no Departamento de Fitossanidade da UFPel, em Capão do Leão RS; parte dos trabalhos referentes aos artigos 3 e 4 foram conduzidos no Department of Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences da University of Arkansas Fayetteville, AR, USA . Em condições de campo, F. miliacea apresenta resistência cruzada a inibidores da ALS utilizados em arroz irrigado. O biótipo FIMMI 10 apresentou resistência cruzada para três herbicidas inibidores da ALS dos grupos pyrimidinylthiobenzoates, sulfonylureas e triazolopyrimidines. O biótipo FIMMI 12 apresentou resistência cruzada para dois herbicidas inibidores da ALS dos grupos sulfonylureas e triazolopyrimidines. Para o estudo de competição, em proporções iguais de plantas, o arroz, independente do biótipo de F. miliacea, apresentou, em geral, maiores valores nas variáveis área foliar, estatura e matéria seca da parte aérea. A competição intraespecífica entre plantas de arroz é maior do que a competição inter-específica entre arroz e F. miliacea. A competição por recursos do solo tem maior efeito para F. miliacea e arroz. Análise das seqüências nucleotídicas e aminoácidos entre os diferentes biótipos indicaram um único ponto de mutação, timina-adenina, no biótipo FIMMI 10; a mutação encontrada resultou na substituição do aminoácido Asp376Glu, na região F, entre os domínios C, A, D e B, E do gene da ALS.
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Duch, Bruno Anthoine Daniel. "La pneumopathie varicelleuse de l'adulte immunocompétent à propos d'un nouveau cas /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2002. http://www.scd.uhp-nancy.fr/docnum/SCDMED_T_2002_DUCH_BRUNO.pdf.
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De, Palma Roberta. "Le pari opportunità in Germania: l'articolo 3, comma 2 pietra miliare dell'emancipazione femminile." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021.
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Nel mio elaborato ho voluto analizzare la questione della pari opportunità in Germania, e di come queste siano cambiate nel corso degli anni. Partendo da un'analisi del Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch, il Codice Civile Tedesco del 1900, ho esaminato l'evoluzione dei diritti delle donne durante i diversi momenti storici che si sono succeduti (Germania guglielmina, Repubblica di Weimar, Germania Nazista), fino ad arrivare al secondo dopoguerra, che si rivelò un momento decisivo per le donne. Successivamente, mi sono concentrata sulla rivoluzione legislativa promossa dalle Madri della Costituzione, fra le quali una in particolare, Elisabeth Selbert elaborò la celebre proposta di legge "Männer und Frauen sind gleichberechtigt", ovvero "Gli uomini e le donne hanno gli stessi diritti", che gettò le basi per una nazione equa e libera. Infine, ho approfondito, attraverso ricerche in ambito prevalentemente giornalistico, la condizione della donna al giorno d'oggi in Germania, mettendo in luce diverse problematiche che, in alcuni contesti lavorativi, non rendono ancora possibile una piena parità fra i sessi.
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Bortoletto, Elena <1990>. "La sentenza Moncler – Nuoyakate Una pietra miliare nella tutela dei marchi in Cina." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/10017.
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Questa tesi intende affrontare l’evoluzione della tutela della proprietà intellettuale in Cina, con particolare riferimento al tema della violazione dei marchi attraverso la traduzione e l’analisi di una recente sentenza civile cinese. Il lavoro è diviso in tre capitoli: il primo presenta un’introduzione giuridica e comprende notizie riguardanti le principali convenzioni internazionali in tema di PI; la seconda parte si concentra invece sull’evoluzione della normativa cinese sui marchi: dalle origini alla prima Legge Marchi del 1982, dall’entrata della Cina nella WTO e all’ultima riforma della Legge Marchi del 2013 e in vigore dal 2014. Il secondo capitolo, il vero cuore dell’elaborato, è costituito dalla presentazione del caso Moncler - Nuoyakate, una sentenza dell’aprile 2015 che possiamo definire rivoluzionaria nella tutela dei marchi in Cina, ma anche pionieristica. In questo capitolo, oltre a notizie sull’azienda e all’attenzione riposta per la tutela dei propri diritti di PI, è stato inserito il testo originale e la traduzione in italiano della sentenza. Segue un commento traduttologico. Il terzo e ultimo capitolo è un capitolo conclusivo in cui si espongono le prospettive positive in materia di PI in Cina: i passi avanti e le sfide future.
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Schäfer, Sabine [Verfasser]. "Reproductive disorders in sea urchins (Psammechinus miliaris) caused by environmental pollutants / Sabine Schäfer. Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research." Bremen : IRC-Library, Information Resource Center der Jacobs University Bremen, 2010. http://d-nb.info/1034994751/34.
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Gonzales, Gil Patricia. "“Science and Art. The Painted Surface” by Antonio Sgamellotti, Brunetto Giovanni Brunetti y Costanza Miliani (Eds.)." Revista de Química, 2016. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/101022.
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Repaso de algunos de los aspectos más destacados e interesantes del libro “Science and Art. The Painted Surface”, una obra de contenido multidisciplinar (ciencia, arte e historia) cuya lectura recomendamos.Short review of the most important and interesting sections of the multidisciplinary science book that we strongly recommend: "Science and Art. The Painted Surface”.
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Bossard, Nicolas. "Pertinence et calibration d'un nouveau marqueur paléohydrologique : le rapport isotopique de l'hydrogène mesuré sur la miliacine." Thesis, Orléans, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ORLE2082/document.
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Ce travail a pour objectif de développer un nouvel indicateur quantitatif des conditions hydrologiques passées fondé sur la composition isotopique en hydrogène (δD) d’un biomarqueur sédimentaire spécifique du millet commun (Panicum miliaceum), la miliacine. L’étude de la pertinence spatio-temporelle de cet indicateur révèle que le δD miliacine de plants de millet dans un champ, bien que dispersé, suit une loi gaussienne. Le δD miliacine du sol correspond au δD miliacine des plantes cultivées l’année précédente. L’évolution interannuelle du δD miliacine est globallement parallèle à celle du δD des eaux météoriques, les différences pouvant être attribuées à des différences d’humidité. La comparaison des valeurs de δD miliacine dans des sédiments du même âge prélevés sur deux archives distinctes dans le Lac du Bourget témoigne que l’archivage de cet indicateur est intègre de manière homogène les conditions climatiques ayant régné dans le bassin versant. La culture de millet en chambre climatique démontre que, si le δD de l’eau de source est le principal facteur controlant le δD miliacine, ce dernier est très étroitement corrélé au δD de l’eau de la feuille. De légères différences de fractionnement biosynthétique net entre n-alcanes et miliacine sous deux conditions d’humidité laissent supposer que l’analyse combinée de biomarqueurs sédimentaires issus de voies synthétiques distinctes permettrait d’accéder à la fois aux variables paléoenvironnementales clé que sont le δD de l’eau de source et l’humiditéThis work aims at developing a new proxy of past hydrological conditions based on the hydrogen isotopic composition (δD) of a sedimentary biomarker that is specific for broomcorn millet (Panicum miliaceum), miliacin. Analysing the spatio-temporal relevancy of this proxy reveals that miliacin δD values of plants cultivated in the field, although dispersed, follow a Gaussian law. Soil miliacin δD values are the same as those found for plants grown the year before. Interannual variations in plant miliacin δD values roughly parallel those of precipitation δD values, slight differences being attributed to differences in relative humidity. The comparison of miliacin δD values in sediments deposited in two distinct settings at the same time in Lake le Bourget attests that this proxy homogeneously integrates climatic conditions over the whole catchment. Cultivation of millet plants in climatic chambers allowed demonstrating that, although source water δD is the principal controlling miliacin δD values, this later is closely correlated to leaf water δD. Slight differences in net biosynthetic fractionation between n-alcanes and miliacin under two relative humidity levels imply that the combined analysis of sedimentary biomarkers produced through distinct biosynthetic pathways could help discriminating between source water δD and relative humidity in paleoenvironmental studies
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Cook, Elizabeth J. "Psammechinus miliaris (Gmelin) (Echinodermata: Echinoidea) : factors affecting its somatic growth and gonadal growth and development, and its suitability as a species for sea urchin cultivation." Thesis, Edinburgh Napier University, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.410982.
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Moilanen, R. (Riina). "Heterotopic ossification in skin:special focus on multiple miliary osteoma cutis and the role of bone morphogenetic proteins." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2014. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526203478.
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Abstract Heterotopic ossification is a pathological condition in which bone forms outside the skeletal system. It can also occur in skin, which is the case in some genetic disorders. In multiple miliary osteoma cutis (MMOC), tiny bone fragments develop in the dermis and nearby subcutaneous tissue of the face and upper chest region during middle age. The etiology of the disease is poorly understood. The origin of the osteoma-forming cells is not known and also unknown are the signaling factors that direct the skin cells towards an osteogenic lineage. The purpose of this study was to investigate MMOC and the pathogenesis of ectopic bone formation by combining patient study and cell biology methods. The results from an extensive review of the literature and five new cases revealed MMOC as a distinct disease entity, where heterotopic bone formation is intramembranous. No correlation was found between MMOC and acne scars, hormonal disturbances or GNAS gene mutations. In cell culture studies mouse and human dermal fibroblasts and mouse dermal papilla (DP) cells were found to differentiate into osteoblast-like matrix mineralizing cells. The bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP-4) homodimer and BMP-2/7 heterodimer had significant effects on the osteogenic differentiation of the above mentioned cells. Interestingly, the BMPs enhanced the differentiation of mouse cells but reduced it in human cells. In mouse DP cells and human fibroblasts BMP-2/7 was more potent than BMP-4. The skin area affected by osteomas in patients was compared to their unaffected skin and also to the corresponding skin areas in controls with regard to osteogenic differentiation and gene expression studies. MMOC patients’ skin differs from controls both in osteoma and unaffected skin areas, which suggests MMOC is not only a local but also a systemic skin disease. The results confirm the previous findings that gene expression in skin is different in different parts of the body, which could explain why the osteomas develop in certain skin areas. The results of this study provide new information about MMOC and heterotopic ossification in skin and could be useful when developing treatments for MMOC. This study also presents new information about BMPs and their different effects in mouse and human cells, which may stimulate discussion about the generalization of mouse studies in humans and the clinical use of BMPsTiivistelmä Virhesijaintinen luutuminen on patologinen tila, jossa luuta muodostuu luisen tukirangan ulkopuolelle. Tätä voi tapahtua myös ihossa, kuten käy tietyissä sairauksissa. Ihon lukuisat jyvämäiset osteoomat on tauti, jossa pieniä luujyväsiä ilmaantuu verinahkaan ja ihonalaiskudokseen keski-iässä. Taudin syytä, osteoomia muodostavien solujen alkuperää tai sitä, mitkä viestinvälittäjät saavat esiastesolut siirtymään luusolulinjalle, ei tiedetä. Tässä työssä tutkittiin ihon lukuisia jyvämäisiä osteoomia ja virhesijaintista luutumista yhdistämällä kliinisiä ja solubiologisia menetelmiä. Laajasta kirjallisuuteen perehtymisestä ja viidestä omasta potilaasta saadut tulokset osoittivat ihon lukuisten jyvämäisten osteoomien olevan oma erillinen tautinsa, jossa virhesijaintinen luutuminen tapahtuu suoran luutumisen mekanismilla. Tauti ei näytä olevan yhteydessä aknearpiin, hormonihäiriöihin tai GNAS-geenin mutaatioihin. Soluviljelykokeissa hiiren ja ihmisen verinahan fibroblastien ja hiiren karvatupen nystyn solujen havaittiin erilaistuvan osteoblastityyppisiksi soluväliainetta mineralisoiviksi soluiksi. Luun morfogeneettisillä proteiineilla (BMP) 4 ja 2/7 oli merkitsevä vaikutus yllä mainittujen solujen erilaistumisessa. Yllättävää kyllä, ne edistivät hiiren solujen, mutta vähensivät ihmisen solujen erilaistumista. Hiiren karvatupen soluille ja ihmisen fibroblasteille BMP-2/7 oli tehokkaampi kuin BMP-4. Potilaiden osteoma-aluetta verrattiin heidän terveeseen ihoalueeseensa samoin kuin vastaaviin ihoalueisiin kontrollihenkilöillä käyttäen menetelminä solujen erilaistamista luuta muodostavaan suuntaan sekä geenien ilmentymisen tutkimista. Potilaiden iho erosi kontrollien ihosta sekä osteooma-alueella että terveellä ihoalueella, mikä viittaa taudin olevan koko elimistöön vaikuttava. Tulokset vahvistavat aikaisempia löydöksiä siitä, että geenien ilmentyminen ihossa on erilaista eri puolilla kehoa. Tämä voisi selittää osteoomien esiintymisen vain tietyllä alueella. Tämän tutkimuksen tulokset antavat uutta tietoa ihon lukuisista jyvämäisistä osteoomista ja virhesijaintisesta luutumisesta ja saattavat olla hyödyksi kehitettäessä taudin hoitoa. Tutkimus antaa uutta tietoa luun morfogeneettisten proteiinien erilaisesta käyttäytymisestä hiirellä ja ihmisellä, mikä herättänee keskustelua hiirikokeiden yleistämisestä ihmiseen ja luun morfogeneettisten proteiinien kliinisestä käytöstä
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Scher, Edward Barry. "Consensual verses [i.e. versus] hierarchical approachs to environmental decision making : the case of the Massachusetts Miliary Reservation." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/70289.
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Djeda, Farida. "Etude hydrogéologique et simulation par modèles mathématiques de la nappe de Khemis-Miliana (Bassin du Haut Chelif, Algérie)." Besançon, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987BESA2039.
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Djeda, Farida. "Etude hydrogéologique et simulation par modèles mathématiques de la nappe de Khemis-Miliana, Bassin du Haut Chelif, Algérie." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37604576z.
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DeFrancesco, Teresa C. "Life history and reproductive ecology of sistrurus miliarius barbouri : the dusky pygmy rattlesnake in Long Pine Key, Everglades National Park." FIU Digital Commons, 1987. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2763.
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The life history and reproductive ecology of the pygmy rattlesnake, Sistrurus miliarius barbouri was studied from January, 1984 to June, 1987 at Long Pine Key, Everglades national Park. This sample exhibits no sexual dimorphism except for relative to hail lengths; mean adult size was about 47 cms. Females do however comprise the majority of the snakes over 50 cms. S.m. barbouri show no habitat preference between the four habitat types. They are active year-round theater clearly second half of the year snakes. The species activity peak is in October which marks the end of the wet season and the climax and water table level. In addition, gravid females are active in February and March. While wise and juveniles also show a small peak of activity in May, the onset of the wet season. In the fall ovary length and egg size is small where is the test's size is large suggesting meeting in the fall. Eggs are yoked and enlarged in February and March but are still in the ovaries. Birth of the young occurs in July. Sperm retention is suggested. Mean hatchling size is larger than that cited by Klauber (1956). Growth rate in the first year of life is estimated to be approximately 82% Age of sexual maturity is estimated to be three years.
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Crisp, Gabriel. "HIV/AIDS in the workplace : views of senior management at a miliary base in the Western Cape in implementing policy." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/98021.
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Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2015.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The study investigated implementation of HIV/AIDS policy by senior management in Youngsfield military base. Some of the aspects evaluated included training concerning HIV, campaigns, allocation of budget to manage HIV and knowledge of policy by management. Self-administered questionnaires were used as a method of collecting data. The respondents included in the study ages ranged between 25-59 years. The majority of the respondents did not have any problem in completing questionnaires. Results revealed that involvement of headquarters in allocating funds to acquire training aids, distribution of pamphlets and other information educating personnel insufficient, poor implementation of workplace HIV/AIDS policy by management on all levels, lack of programs dealing with HIV/AIDS and lack of HIV/AIDS policy knowledge by management to lesser extent. Recommendations of this study includes aspects dealing with HIV/AIDS workplace programs, importance of occupational health and safety, addressing stigma and discrimination, absenteeism, HIV/AIDS training and most importantly campaigns throughout the year.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van hierdie navorsing was om die implementering van die beleidsdokument wat handel oor MIV/Vigs in die werksplek deur die senior bestuur in Youngsfield militere basis te ondersoek. Van die aspekte wat die navorser ondersoek het is MIV/Vigs bewusmakingveldtogte, beskikbaarheid van fondse en kennis van die Suid Afrikaanse Nationale Weermag beleidsdocument wat handel oor MIV/Vigs in die werksplek. Studievraelyste is aan respondente uitgedeel. Respondente wat aan die studie deelgeneem het se ouderdome wissel tussen 25 en 59 jaar. Die grootste getal deelnemers het geen beswaar aangeteken om die vraelyste te voltooi nie. Die grootste getal van respondente het aangedui dat die fondse wat beskikbaar gestel word onvoldoende is om die boodskap oor die gevare van MIV/Vigs te versprei. Daar is verder bevind dat belangrike aspekte soos biljette, pamflette, video opnames en getikte material nie versprei kan as gevolg van tekort aan fondse. MIV/Vigs beleid is beskikbaar in militere basisse van die Suid Afrikaanse Nationale Weermag. Die enigste tekort is die implementering daarvan. Die aanbevelings wat bevind is deur die studie sluit in MIV/Vigs programme in die werkplek, die aanspreek van stigma en diskriminasie, afwesigheid weens kroniese siektes wat MIV/Vigs insluit en hantering van ongevalle in die werkplek.
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Smiley-Walters, Sarah Ann. "Interactions between Pigmy Rattlesnakes (Sistrurus miliarius) and a Suite of Prey Species: A Study of Prey Behavior and Variable Venom Toxicity." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1483455551984898.
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Boughoufala, Ouddene. "Relations socio-économiques entre deux villes et leurs territoires en Algérie précoloniale : Médéa et Miliana à partir des documents habous/waqf." Aix-Marseille 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AIX10011.
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Ce travail s'inscrit dans le cadre d'une recherche historique monographique sur le sujet des relations socio-économiques entre deux villes algériennes, Médéa et Miliana, à l'époque ottomane. Villes de taille moyenne, Médéa et Miliana, anciennes colonies romaines, nées de la fonction de relais sur les grands axes caravaniers d'autrefois, sont situées à l'intérieur du pays. L'Etat ottoman, quant à lui, les a utilisées comme base de contrôle territorial. Médéa est située à 88 km (54,68 miles) au sud d'Alger et à 57 km (35,42 miles) à l'est de la ville de Miliana. Cette dernière est située à 110 km (68,35 miles) au sud-ouest d'Alger. D'après les géographes et les chroniqueurs arabes et européens, l'histoire de ces deux villes prend ses racines dans le passé reculé de la civilisation humaine, ainsi que les autres époques qui suivent. Ma recherche porte principalement sur les documents dans lesquels s'inscrivent des actions portant sur les habous relatifs à Miliana et à Médéa. Le but est de comprendre les modalités de cette institution de habous dans la construction et dans le fonctionnement de ces deux villes ainsi que dans les relations entre elles. La fondation pieuse dite "habous/waqf" est une donation permanente de propriété où l'usufruit provenant de celle-ci est donné à perpétuité au profit des pauvres, des institutions religieuses ou d'utilité générale ou aux individus déterminés par le constituant de la fondation
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Cheatwood, Joseph Laton. "An outbreak of fungal dermatitis and stomatitis in a wild population of pigmy rattlesnakes, Sistrurus miliarius barbouri, in Florida description, factors, cyclicity, and prevention /." [Florida] : State University System of Florida, 2000. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/ane5876.
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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Florida, 2000.Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains viii, 66 p.; also contains graphics. Abstract copied from student-submitted information. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 57-65).
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Coelho, Joana Candeias. "Um lugar extremo do Tejo." Master's thesis, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Arquitetura, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/20338.
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Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Arquitetura, com a especialização em Arquitetura apresentada na Faculdade de Arquitetura da Universidade de Lisboa para obtenção do grau de Mestre.A reabilitação de preexistências é um tema cada vez mais presente na nossa sociedade, sobretudo onde o território é fortemente marcado por edifícios devoluto e espaços vancantes, o que merece um olhar mais atento. Com o pós-guerra foram diversas as estruturas militares que caíram em desuso e consequente abandono, resultando num vasto património histórico e artístico que deve ser alvo de projetos que os devolvam à cidade e à estima pública, resgatando-os da decadência em que se encontram. Perante esta questão, o presente trabalho incide sobre a necessidade de reutilizar o património militar devoluto, com um grande potencial para a regeneração urbana e para o desenvolvimento de novas centralidades. O principal foco é o território da Trafaria, que apesar da importância histórica e do património militar que alberga, enfrenta problemas de integração na cidade e de envelhecimento da população residente, fatores que levam ao seu isolamento e degradação urbana. Neste sentido, o projeto tem como finalidade a requalificação e consolidação da frente ribeirinha da Trafaria e a reabilitação do Forte da Trafaria através da inserção de novos usos, procurando atrair mais população para esta zona da cidade e potenciar o desenvolvimento sócio-económino local. Esta intervenção tem como fim a reintegração das estruturas militares na sua envolvente e na comunidade e, em simultanêamente, a valorização da memória e identidade do Forte Militar.
ABSTRACT:The rehabilitation of preexisting structures is an increasingly present theme in our society, especially where the territory is strongly characterized by vacant buildings and empty spaces that deserve a more attentive look. With the post-war context, many were the military structures that fell in disuse and, consequently, in abandonment, resulting in a large range of historical and artistic patrimony which should be targeted by projects that return it back to the city and public respect, rescuing it from the decay it currently they currently face. Taking this topic into account, the present work focuses in the necessity of reusing the vacant military heritage, that shows a big potential for the urban regeneration and for the development of new centralities. The main focus is Trafaria’s territory that, besides it’s historic significance and the military heritage it holds, faces integration problems towards the city and also the aging of the population it shelters, factors that lead to urban isolation and degradation. Thus, the project aims rhe requalification and consolidation of Trafaria’s riverfront and the rehabilitation of Trafaria’s Fort through the implementation of new uses, so as to attract new population to this part of the city, boosting the local socioeconomic development. This intervention aims the reintegration of the military structures in it’s surroundings and in the local community and, simultaneously, the military’s fort valorization and memory.
N/A
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Slimani, Aït Saada El Djamhouria. "Géographie, imaginaire, fiction, la plaine du Chélif à travers les textes : tome1Anthologie régionale, la plaine du Chélif à travers les textes : Chlef, Miliana, Ténès tome 2." Cergy-Pontoise, 2007. http://biblioweb.u-cergy.fr/theses/07CERG0321.pdf.
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Cette thèse au carrefour de l’Histoire, de la géographie et de la littérature, se propose de cerner l’émergence de lieux en écriture. Elle vise à la représentation d’une partie de la plaine du Chélif, à travers des textes divers ressortissant essentiellement à l’Histoire, au témoignage, au récit de voyage et à la Fiction. Ces textes sont réunis sous forme d’anthologie qui peut être susceptible d’être exploitée sur le plan didactique, même si sa visée reste avant tout littéraire. Le fil directeur de ce recueil est le lieu géographique, son histoire et ses différentes représentations sur le plan de l’écriture et de l’imaginaire. Cette thèse a pour ambition de permettre de contribuer à la connaissance de l’expression textuelle d’une région et son orientation didactique s’inscrit dans de nouveaux outils à proposer dans le cadre de l’enseignement de la littérature en Algérie ou comme outil didactique dans l’approche des textes en classe de français langue étrangèreThis thesis, which is at the intersection of history, geography and literature, proposes to grasp the emergence of places in writing. It aims at the representation of an area through diverse texts, which emerge essentially from History, testimony, tales of travellers as well as from fiction. These texts are gathered in the form of an anthology that can likely be exploited at the level of teaching, even if its goal is primarily literary. The main or guiding idea of this collection is the geographic place, its history and its different representations at the level of writing and of the imaginary. This thesis aims to the contribution of knowing about the textual expression of a given area, and its didactic orientation suggests new ways to teach literature in Algeria, or as a didactic tool in studying texts in classrooms of French as a foreign language
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Slimani, Aït Saada El Djamhouria Achour Christiane. "Géographie, imaginaire, fiction, la plaine du Chélif à travers les textes : tome1 ; Anthologie régionale, la plaine du Chélif à travers les textes : Chlef, Miliana, Ténès tome 2." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2008. http://biblioweb.u-cergy.fr/theses/07CERG0321.pdf.
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Distribué, Alexandre. "Étude d'histoire des épidémies : la suette, la peste, la variole et la dysenterie dans le nord de la France, 1348-1790." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Amiens, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021AMIE0051.
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Étude d'histoire des épidémies : la suette, la peste, la variole et la dysenterie dans le nord de la France, 1348-1790. Cette étude a pour objet la présentation et l'analyse, dans le nord de la France, de quatre maladies épidémiques : la suette, la peste, la variole et la dysenterie. L'angle principal d'étude est celui de l'épidémiologie : la symptomatologie, la dynamique et le bilan humain (morbidité, mortalité et létalité) des attaques épidémiques. Chaque maladie fait d'abord l'objet d'une étude particulière et indépendante, dans le cadre spatio-temporel du nord de la France entre 1348 et 1790. Une seconde partie reprend ensuite chaque élément afin d'étudier de manière synthétique l'ensemble des résultats. Les buts fixés à ce travail sont multiples : combler un vide historiographique puisqu'à notre connaissance jamais aucun travail portant sur les épidémies à l'époque moderne n'a été tenté ni publié, parvenir à une meilleure connaissance des caractéristiques épidémiologiques de chaque maladie, établir une ébauche de pathocénose épidémique qui demanderait à être complétée par l'étude des autres maladies sévissant dans notre aire spatio-temporelleA study of the history of epidemics: the sweating sickness, the plague, smallpox and dysentery in northern France, 1348-1790. The purpose of this study is to present and analyze four epidemic diseases in the north of France: sweating sickness, plague, smallpox and dysentery. The main angle of study is that of epidemiology: the symptomatology, the dynamics and the human toll (morbidity, mortality and lethality) of epidemic attacks. Each disease is first the subject of a particular and independent study, in the spatio-temporal framework of northern France between 1348 and 1790. A second part then takes up each element in order to study all the results in a synthetic way. The aims of this work are multiple: to fill a historiographic void since, to our knowledge, no work on epidemics in the modern era has ever been attempted or published, to achieve a better knowledge of the epidemiological characteristics of each disease, to establish a draft of epidemic pathogenesis which would need to be completed by the study of other diseases raging in our spatio-temporal area
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Moreira, Maria Inês Vasconcelos de Albergaria Pinheiro. "Comportamento territorial do Trigueirão (Miliaria calandra, aves, emberezidade : selecção de habitat, qualidade do território e actividade de canto." Doctoral thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/10163.
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"Analises molecular e termodinamica das hemoglobinas de Clarias sp. e Liophis miliaris." Tese, Biblioteca Digital da Unicamp, 1996. http://libdigi.unicamp.br/document/?code=vtls000107115.
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Rodrigues, Catarina Távora Miranda. "Tuberculose miliar : um caso de sucesso." Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/46647.
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Trabalho Final do Curso de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2020A tuberculose (TB) situa-se entre as 10 principais causas de morte a nível mundial e a principal causa de morte por um único agente infecioso. Em 2017 registaram-se cerca de 1,3 milhões de mortes por TB em indivíduos não infetados por vírus da imunodeficiência humana (VIH) e 300,000 mortes em infetados por VIH. De acordo com o estudo “Global Burden of Disease”, a TB apresenta-se como uma das maiores causas de anos de vida perdidos e de anos de vida com incapacidade. É uma doença infeciosa causada por Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Afeta, normalmente, os pulmões (TB pulmonar), mas pode afetar também outros órgãos (TB extrapulmonar). No caso da TB miliar, ocorre a disseminação hematogénica da micobactéria levando à formação de lesões secundárias em vários órgãos. Este trabalho tem como objetivo a análise de um caso real de TB miliar, bem como a revisão da literatura existente, relativa ao tema, e a discussão da sua apresentação clínica, revendo as características principais desta patologia. O seguimento clínico, incluindo o diagnóstico e os exames complementares de diagnóstico realizados serão apresentados e discutidos. Procura-se realçar a dificuldade diagnóstica desta patologia em indivíduos jovens pela sintomatologia, muitas vezes, inespecífica e repercussões clínicas e as suas complicações associadas.
Tuberculosis (TB) is among the 10 leading causes of death worldwide and the leading cause of death by a single infectious agent. In 2017 there were about 1,3 million TB deaths in individuals not infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and 300,000 deaths in HIV-infected individuals. According to the Global Burden of Disease study, TB is one of the biggest causes of lost years of life and years of life with disability. It is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). It usually affects the lungs (pulmonary TB), but it can also affect other organs (extrapulmonary TB). In the case of Miliar TB, hematogenous dissemination of the mycobacterium occurs leading to the formation of secondary lesions in various organs. This work aims at the analysis of a real case of miliar TB as well as a review of the existing literature on the subject and the discussion of its clinical presentation, reviewing the main features of this pathology. Clinical follow-up, including diagnosis and complementary diagnostic exams performed, will be presented and discussed. It is sought to highlight the diagnostic difficulty of this pathology in young individuals due to the often non-specific symptomatology and clinical repercussions and their associated complications.
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Cibulková, Helena. "Kolizní vývoj hlavního pásu asteroidů po dobu 4 miliard let." Master's thesis, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-324617.
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In this work, we constructed a new model for the collisional evolution of the Main Asteroid Belt. Our goals are to test the scaling law from the work of Benz & Asphaug (1999) and ascertain if it can be used for the whole belt. We want to find initial size-frequency distributions (SFDs) for the considered six parts of the belt, and to verify if the number of asteroid families created during the simulation matches the number of observed families as well. We used new observational data from the WISE satellite (Masiero et al., 2011) to construct the observed SFDs. We simulated mutual collisions of asteroids with a modified Boulder code (Morbidelli et al., 2009), in which the results of hydrodynamic (SPH) simulations from the work of Durda et al. (2007) are included. Because material characteris- tics can affect breakups, we created two models - for monolithic asteroids and for rubble-piles (Benavidez et al., 2012). The results for monolithic and rubble- -pile asteroids are comparable and in both cases the number of created families is, within uncertainties, consistent with the observations. A disagreement of the SFDs for a limited size range D 1 to 5 km a is a good motivation to conduct new SPH simulations with relatively small targets. 1
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"Reprodução de Liophis miliaris (Serpentes: Colubridae) no Brasil: influencia historica e variações geograficas / \ Ligia Pizzatto do Prado." Tese, Biblioteca Digital da Unicamp, 2003. http://libdigi.unicamp.br/document/?code=vtls000305020.
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Barros, António Gonçalo Santiago Pedrosa de. "Tuberculose extrapulmonar e miliar : epidemiologia e fatores de risco." Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/51513.
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Trabalho Final do Curso de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2021A tuberculose é uma infeção causada por Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Apesar de se tratar de uma doença crónica milenar, permanece como um grave problema global de saúde, manifestando-se geralmente como infeção pulmonar. Contudo, pode afetar outras áreas do organismo. A tuberculose extrapulmonar corresponde à infeção por Mycobacterium tuberculosis que afeta variados órgãos com exceção do pulmão. Os dois locais anatómicos de atingimento mais frequente são os gânglios linfáticos e a pleura. Representa, aproximadamente, 15% do número total de casos de tuberculose. Já a tuberculose miliar que resulta da disseminação linfohematogénea de Mycobacterium tuberculosis, é uma forma de doença que envolve concomitantemente o pulmão e diferentes órgãos extra-pulmonares. Representa menos de dois por cento de todos os casos de tuberculose. Vários fatores de risco associam-se a aumento da prevalência destes tipos de tuberculose. Extremos da idade, sexo feminino e determinados grupos étnicos têm maior probabilidade de apresentar manifestações extrapulmonares, enquanto a doença miliar afeta mais o sexo masculino. Adicionalmente, doentes imunodeprimidos, como sejam aqueles a realizar tratamento com inibidores do TNF-α, com coinfeção por VIH e em status pós-transplante, apresentam risco aumentado de doença extrapulmonar e miliar. Além disso, doenças médicas como a diabetes mellitus, a doença renal crónica e doenças do tecido conjuntivo particularmente o lúpus eritematoso sistémico, assumem-se como fatores de risco relevantes para ambas as doenças. Por fim, vários polimorfismos genéticos foram propostos no sentido de explicar diferenças de prevalência de tuberculose extrapulmonar entre diferentes populações. De forma a ilustrar a tuberculose extrapulmonar e miliar, é apresentado um caso clínico de uma doente que se encontrava a realizar tratamento com adalimumab, um inibidor do TNF-α, e que desenvolveu doença disseminada no contexto de infeção por Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Seguidamente, serão discutidos em detalhe a epidemiologia e os fatores de risco relacionados com o desenvolvimento de doença extrapulmonar e miliar.
Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by the bacillus Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It is a millerian chronic infection and, yet, remains a major global health problem. This disease usually manifests with pulmonary infection. However, it can affect other areas of the body. If this infection develops outside the lungs, it is called extrapulmonary tuberculosis. The two most frequent sites of involvement are the lymph nodes and the pleura. This type of tuberculosis represents approximately 15% of all tuberculosis infections. Miliary tuberculosis is a disease that results from a massive lymphohematogenous dissemination of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It can affect the lungs and extrapulmonary organs. This type of disease represents less than two per cent of all tuberculosis infections. Several risk factors have been associated with the risk of developping extrapulmonary and miliary tuberculosis. Extremes of age, female gender and certain ethnic groups are more likely to have extrapulmonary manifestations. Miliary tuberculosis is more common in male gender. Additionally, immunocompromised patients, such as the ones under therapy with TNF-α blocking agents, coinfected with HIV or in post transplantation status, have an increased risk of extrapulmonary and miliary tuberculosis. Furthermore, underlying medical conditions as diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease and connective tissue diseases particularly systemic lupus erythematosus, are also relevant risk factors for both diseases. Finally, several susceptibility-associated genetic polymorphisms have been proposed to explain differences in extrapulmonary tuberculosis prevalence among different populations. In order to illustrate extrapulmonary and miliary tuberculosis, we present a case study of a woman under therapy with adalimumab, a TNF-α blocking agent, who was infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and developped disseminated disease. Then, we discuss in detail the epidemiology and risk factors related to the extrapulmonary and miliary infection.
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Paula, Alexandra Andrade Ribeiro. "Uma complicação rara de tuberculose miliar : sobre um caso clínico." Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/30509.
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Trabalho Final do Curso de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2017A tuberculose é um dos paradigmas da Infeciologia com um padrão de incidência e mortalidade que só foi alterado há cerca de 70 anos com a descoberta do seu agente e sua terapêutica. Hoje em dia é uma das prioridades da OMS, estando presente nos Objetivos para o Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODSs) na Estratégia para Acabar com a Tuberculose. É apresentado um caso clínico de uma doente imunocompetente que dá entrada no SU com pielonefrite e crise drepanocítica. Num agravamento do seu estado geral é identificada a presença de Candida Albicans no lavado broncoalveolar, é-lhe diagnosticada tuberculose miliar (TB miliar) com síndrome hemofagocítico secundário (HLH). Estando a realizar terapêutica antibiótica, antifúngica, antibacilar e corticoterapia, o seu estado clínico vai melhorando até serem documentadas crises tónico-clónicas secundárias a Síndrome de Encefalopatia Posterior Reversível (PRES). Mantendo a terapêutica instituída são-lhe acrescentados anti-hipertensores e antiepiléticos. 42 dias após o internamento, a doente tem alta em significativa melhoria clínica. Neste complexo desafio diagnóstico importa salientar os poucos casos descritos de HLH-TB e, como tal, a importância de uma elevada suspeita diagnóstica em doentes em agravamento clínico rápido, sendo apresentada também uma breve descrição da PRES e da sua etiologia e terapêutica.
Tuberculosis is a paradigm of Infectious Diseases with a pattern of incidence and mortality that only changed in the last 70 years, due to the discovery of its cause and treatment. Nowadays TB is one of WHO’s priorities, included in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) and End Tuberculosis Strategy (End TB Strategy). This thesis presents a case report of an immunocompetent patient who arrives in the A&E Department with pyelonephritis and sickle cells crises. As her clinical status gets worse her bronchoalveolar lavage identifies Candida Albicans and she is diagnosed with miliary tuberculosis (miliary TB) and haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). While on antibiotics, antifungals, antituberculosis and corticosteroid drugs, her condition improves until she has tonic-clonic seizures secondary to Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES). Her medication is updated by adding antihypertensive and anti-epileptics drugs. 42 days after admission, with a significant clinical improvement, she is discharged. With this complex diagnostic enigma, it is important to take into consideration the scarcity of HLH-TB found in the English literature, and to highlight the importance of a high clinical suspicion with patients at fast clinical deterioration. It is also presented a brief description of PRES and its causes and treatment.
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Guerreiro, André Bento. "Miliary tuberculosis in an immunosuppressed patient with crohn’s disease : case report and systematic review of the literature." Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/26071.
Full textAbstract:
Trabalho Final do Curso de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2016A doença de Crohn é uma doença inflamatória intestinal caracterizada por uma resposta inflamatória inapropriada. A terapêutica com biológicos dirigidos a mediadores inflamatórios específicos revolucionou o tratamento mas aumentou a susceptibilidade a infecção ao induzir um nível de imunossupressão. Isto envolve infecção a agentes comuns mas também a possibilidade de tuberculose. Apresentamos o caso clínico de um doente com doença inflamatória intestinal que apesar do rastreio negativo, desenvolveu tuberculose miliar, enquanto realizava terapêutica imunossupressora dupla (azatioprina e infliximab) por doença de Crohn refratária. À admissão apresentava febre, perda ponderal, elevação das transaminases, coagulopatia, anemia e neutropenia. Os exames complementares de diagnóstico, que incluíram tomografia computorizada, broncofibroscopia e biópsia hepática, confirmaram o diagnóstico de tuberculose miliar. O início precoce de terapêutica antitubercular quadrupla (isoniazida, rifampicina, pirazinamida, etambutol) permitiu uma rápida melhoria clínica do doente. O objectivo deste trabalho consiste em fornecer uma revisão da literatura sobre infecção por tuberculose miliar em doentes com doença de Crohn imunossuprimidos, com a análise de um caso clínico.
Crohn’s disease (CD) is an idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) characterized by and inappropriate inflammatory response. Biological therapies directed at specific inflammatory mediators revolutionized the treatment but leave the patient more susceptible to infection by inducing a certain extent of immunosuppression. This includes both general infections with common agents and more specific complications such as tuberculosis (TB). We present a patient with IBD who, despite negative TB screening, developed an opportunistic miliary tuberculosis infection while treated with double immunosuppressive therapy (azathioprine and infliximab) for refractory Crohn’s disease. He presented with fever, weight loss, elevated transaminases, coagulopathy, anemia and neutropenia. Comprehensive diagnostics including computer tomography (CT) scan, bronchoscopy and liver biopsy revealed the diagnosis of miliary tuberculosis. Early treatment with four antitubercular drugs (isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamid, ethambutol) led to a rapid improvement of the patient’s condition. The aim of this work is to provide a literature review to miliary tuberculosis infection in immunosuppressed CD patients, with the analysis of a clinical case report.