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Journal articles on the topic 'Military History - World War I'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 27 July 2025

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1

Howard, M. "World War II: A Military History." English Historical Review 119, no. 480 (2004): 257–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ehr/119.480.257-a.

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2

Datsyuk, Оlena. "THE WAR ALBUM “CONQUERED RUSSIAN FORTRESSES”: NEW PERSPECTIVES IN THE STUDY OF THE HISTORY OF THE FIRST WORLD WAR (1914 – 1918)." Intermarum history policy culture, no. 15 (December 14, 2024): 52–69. https://doi.org/10.35433/history.112081.

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The article aims to analyze the history of the fortresses depicted on the postcards from the Military Album ‘Conquered Russian Fortresses’ published by Knackstedt & Co. The fortresses depicted in the photographs were captured by the army of Kaiser Germany during the First World War (1914-1918). The study complements the information on philocartographic publications of the First World War and helps to expand knowledge about military architecture and to understand the strategic importance of fortresses in the context of the events of the First World War and international relations of that ti

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3

Dudley, William S. "World War I and Federal Military History." Public Historian 12, no. 4 (1990): 23–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3378783.

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Олександр Вікторович Мосієнко. "AUSTRO-HUNGARIAN AND RUSSIAN PROPAGANDA AMONG THE PRISONERS OF WAR DURING WORLD WAR I: ANALYSIS OF PRACTICES." Intermarum history policy culture, no. 5 (January 1, 2018): 371–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.35433/history.111828.

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The article traces the peculiarities of the Austro-Hungarian and Russian propaganda on prisoners of war and interned persons. The state of the study of the topic in the modern historical literature is analyzed and unresolved aspects are indicated. The use of prisoners of war for political and military purposes was sought by both empires. In the course of the First World War, the Russian command took such a step as the formation of military units from the prisoners of war of the hostile army – Czechs, Slovaks and Serbs. These units were created not only as purely military but also political uni

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Khasanov, Bunyod K. "PUBLIC EDUCATION ACTIVITIES OF NAMANGAN PROVINCE DURING THE SECOND WORLD WAR." CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF HISTORY 03, no. 11 (2022): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/history-crjh-03-11-01.

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In the article, during the Second World War, the activities of the public education system of the Namangan region, the courses to end illiteracy, the training of military personnel for the front, the attendance of schoolchildren, the positive and negative aspects of the education system are covered based on the analysis of primary documents.

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Alferova, Irina V. "Women’s History of Russian Military Censorship during the First World War." Российская история, no. 2 (December 15, 2024): 115–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s2949124x24020125.

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The article is devoted to the work of women during the First World War in military censorship institutions, a topic that is only beginning to attract the attention of Russian researchers. On the basis of documents, mainly concentrated in the Russian State Military History Archive (RGVIA) and the Russian State Historical Archive (RGIA), the article interprets the process of women's involvement in the military censors' duties, i.e. in a profession that in pre-war times was considered exclusively male. The article reveals the reasons that led the Russian military command to allow the involvement

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Hacker Hughes, Jamie, M. McCauley, and L. Wilson. "History of military psychology." Journal of the Royal Army Medical Corps 165, no. 2 (2018): 68–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jramc-2018-001048.

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Military psychology is a specialist discipline within applied psychology. It entails the application of psychological science to military operations, systems and personnel. The specialty was formally founded during World War I in the UK and the USA, and it was integral to many early concepts and interventions for psychological and neuropsychological trauma. It also established a fundamental basis for the psychological assessment and selection of military personnel. During and after World War II, military psychology continued to make significant contributions to aviation psychology, cognitive t

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8

Schrader, Stuart. "Cops at War: How World War II Transformed U.S. Policing." Modern American History 4, no. 2 (2021): 159–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/mah.2021.12.

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World War II transformed policing in the United States. Many police enlisted in the military during the war, and in turn many veterans joined police forces following the victories of 1945. As wartime labor shortages depleted their ranks, police chiefs turned to new initiatives to strengthen and professionalize their forces, redoubling those efforts as growing fears of crime and internal security threats outlasted the global conflict. This article investigates the rapid growth of the military police, how African Americans responded to changes in policing due to the war, and these wartime experi

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9

Prior, Robin, and Brian Bond. "The First World War and British Military History." Journal of Military History 56, no. 4 (1992): 699. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1986178.

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10

MacKenzie, S. P. "Book Review: World War Two: A Military History." European History Quarterly 34, no. 4 (2004): 574–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026569140403400414.

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Abdullayevna, Fayzullayeva Klara. "THE HISTORY OF SPECIAL CAMPS IN GERMANY DURING THE SECOND WORLD WAR." CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF HISTORY 03, no. 01 (2022): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/history-crjh-03-01-01.

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The history of special camps in the Soviet zone is practically an aspect of the Soviet occupation policy in Germany that has not been studied in historiography. This article highlights and analyzes various aspects of the history of these special camps: the reason for their creation, the course of the deployment of the camp system during the Second World War, the nature of the contingent held in the camps, their staffing, as well as the place of special camps in the system of Soviet military administration bodies and their role in the activities of Soviet state security bodies in East Germany i

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Phillips, Elisabeth J. "From Mascot to Marine: The Long Walk to the American Military Dog Program." Marine Corps History 9, no. 2 (2024): 34–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.35318/mch.2023090202.

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During World War II, the military dog became synonymous with patriotism and a symbol of the fight for a free world. In the absence of a military dog program at the beginning of the war, the United States was the exception among Western powers. The establishment of an official military dog program during World War II was a critical step in the development of the country’s military. Through the creative collaboration of civilians and military personnel, the K-9 Corps and Dogs for Defense organization produced trained military dogs that had immediate positive impacts on the battlefield. The creat

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Boyd, Carl, and David M. Glantz. "Soviet Military Deception in the Second World War." Journal of Military History 54, no. 2 (1990): 245. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1986054.

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Smith, John T. "Russian military censorship during the First World War." Revolutionary Russia 14, no. 1 (2001): 71–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09546540108575734.

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15

SZKUDLAREK, Iwona. "The participation of Polish female soldiers in World War I." Scientific Papers of Silesian University of Technology. Organization and Management Series 2021, no. 154 (2021): 319–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.29119/1641-3466.2021.154.24.

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Purpose: The aim of this paper is to outline a history of the participation of Polish female soldiers in the World War I. Its outlines their commitment, struggle, and efforts made to contribute to Poland's military effort during the war. The article describes the legal situation of the military participation of women in Poland, and also deals with their role and place in society. Design/methodology/approach: The aim of the article was to organize, systematize and describe the knowledge about the role and participation of female soldiers of the Polish armed forces during the World War I. The ab

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Krynyukov, P. E., V. G. Abashin, and G. R. Musailov. "Doctors of the Savage Division in the First World War." Clinical Medicine (Russian Journal) 100, no. 7-8 (2022): 401–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.30629/0023-2149-2022-100-7-8-401-407.

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The article presents data on little-known pages from the history of the Caucasian Native Cavalry Division (Savage Division) and its military doctors. Biographical information about the doctors of military units and fi eld hospitals during the First World War and the immediate post-war period is given.

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Ajlec, Kornelija. "Vojaške preskrbnine in pokojnine v prvi svetovni vojni: zakonodaja in izvedba." Contributions to Contemporary History 55, no. 2 (2015): 126–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.51663/pnz.55.2.07.

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MILITARY ALLOWANCES AND PENSIONS IN WORLD WAR I: LEGISLATION AND IMPLEMENTATIONThe contribution discusses the Austro-Hungarian approach to the development of social security policy for military personnel and their families during war and peacetime. On the basis of legislative documents and articles in the Slovenian newspapers it specifically explores the period of World War I. It shows that Austro-Hungary entered the war relatively well-prepared as far as maintenance was concerned.

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Shcherbanyuk, Pavlo. "SOCIO-POLITICAL LIFE OF THE VOLYN PROVINCE DURING THE FIRST WORLD WAR: HISTORIOGRAPHICAL DIMENSION." Intermarum history policy culture, no. 15 (December 14, 2024): 35–51. https://doi.org/10.35433/history.112080.

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The purpose of the article is to reveal the peculiarities and representativeness of the historiography of the socio-political life of the Volyn province during the First World War. The research methodology is based on general scientific research methods: logical presentation of the material, literature analysis, synthesis, description, systematization, and generalization of information. The use of principles, approaches, and special historical methods, in particular the historical-systemic and problem-chronological methods, is determined by the subject of research. The scientific novelty of th

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19

Marino, Michael. "Weinberg, Germany, Hitler, And World War Two - Essays In Modern German And World History." Teaching History: A Journal of Methods 23, no. 1 (1998): 36–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.33043/th.23.1.36-37.

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Probably the most prominent academic historian who has written extensively on the Second World War is Gerhard Weinberg of the University of North Carolina. His A World in Arms: A Global History of World War Two has distinguished itself from many other "one volume" histories of the Second World War by its high level of scholarship and use of archival materials. Similarly, although primarily known as a leading diplomatic historian, Weinberg's work is unique in the way it skillfully combines military, diplomatic, and social history.

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Pesek, Michael. "The War of Legs." Transfers 5, no. 2 (2015): 102–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/trans.2015.050207.

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This article describes the little-known history of military labor and transport during the East African campaign of World War I. Based on sources from German, Belgian, and British archives and publications, it considers the issue of military transport and supply in the thick of war. Traditional histories of World War I tend to be those of battles, but what follows is a history of roads and footpaths. More than a million Africans served as porters for the troops. Many paid with their lives. The organization of military labor was a huge task for the colonial and military bureaucracies for which

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21

Hamai, Kazufumi, and Peter Mauch. "Japanese Primary Sources Relating to World War ii: Post-Cold War Developments." Journal of American-East Asian Relations 29, no. 2 (2022): 192–220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18765610-29020005.

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Abstract This article introduces readers to World War ii-era Japanese primary sources that have become available, over the last three decades, at the major archives and libraries. It also illustrates how and why some of these hitherto unavailable archival materials have become publicly accessible. At first, political, diplomatic and military historians primarily conducted their research at Diplomatic Archives, Military Archives, and the Modern Japanese Political History Materials Room, until the Japanese Diet passed a law in 2011 stipulating that all government and agencies, except for the For

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22

Schmider, Klaus, Hannes Heer, and Klaus Naumann. "War of Extermination: The German Military in World War II, 1941-1944." Journal of Military History 65, no. 4 (2001): 1141. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2677686.

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23

Bacon, Edwin. "Soviet military losses in World War II." Journal of Slavic Military Studies 6, no. 4 (1993): 613–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13518049308430120.

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24

Boda, József. "Military Parachute History of Hungary." Academic and Applied Research in Military and Public Management Science 16, no. 1 (2017): 17–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.32565/aarms.2017.1.2.

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The author shall summarize the history of Hungarian military parachuting and share it with those interested in the topic. The article begins with the Imperial and Royal Aviation Troops of the Austro-Hungarian Empire parachute activities followed by the history of the participation in World War II and during the Warsaw Pact era until recent years.In Hungary, so far, only a few books have been published covering the history and activities of parachute and special forces units.

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Höbelt, Lothar. "The First World War and British Military History. Brian Bond." Journal of Modern History 67, no. 1 (1995): 152–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/245043.

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26

Murray, Alice Yang. "Military Necessity, World War II Internment, and Japanese American History." Reviews in American History 25, no. 2 (1997): 319–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/rah.1997.0053.

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27

BERNIK, VALERIJA. "WOMEN VETERANS OF THE SECOND WORLD WAR." VETERANSKE ORGANIZACIJE – ALI JIH SPLOH POTREBUJEMO?/ VETERAN ORGANISATIONS – ARE THEY EVEN NEEDED?, VOLUME 2017/ ISSUE 19/2 (June 15, 2017): 71–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.33179/bsv.99.svi.11.cmc.19.2.5.

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Povzetek Druga svetovna vojna je bila obdobje, ko so bile ženske prvič v zgodovini v velikem obsegu vključene v vojaško službo. Zavezniki so jih vključevali v vojaške aktivnosti že vse od začetka vojne, tako v civilnem kot v vojaškem sektorju. Sovjetska zveza je za vojaško službo mobilizirala največji odstotek ženske populacije, Združene države Amerike pa so oblikovale homogene ženske vojaške enote. Ženske so bile aktivne tudi v partizanskih vojskah v Evropi. Borke so pokazale izjemne sposobnosti, bile so dragocene za vojaško moč svoje države, vendar so bile množično demobilizirane, ko se je v

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Mitchell, Peter J., Andrey A. Andrakhanov, and Denis V. Selivanov. "The Royal Air Force slang. Impact of World War II." Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities, no. 1 (2022): 97–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.20310/1810-0201-2022-27-1-97-104.

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World War II turned out to be the largest military conflict in the history of mankind. More than 60 countries out of 74 that existed at that time took part in it. The World War II influenced not only the military relations between the countries, but also the rapid development of the Air Force, the importance of which increased enormously during the war. The Royal Air Force was not an exception. They played a decisive role in the conquest of air domination. The main tasks of the Royal Air Force were the destruction of enemy troops and facilities, air cover for the Navy and the Army, aerial reco

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Foote, Lorien, Megan L. Bever, Eric Burke, et al. "The Civil War and Its Place in Military History." Journal of the Civil War Era 15, no. 1 (2025): 4–32. https://doi.org/10.1353/cwe.2025.a952580.

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Abstract: This roundtable discussion among War and Society historians places the American Civil War in a comparative military context. It suggests that the conflict between the Union and the Confederacy was an aberration in the broader military history of the United States and the world. Scholars consider citizenship, Black military service, masculinity, the evolution of the regular army, volunteer and conscript armies, the myth of the decisive battle, guerrilla conflict, the nature of the home front and battlefront, and interservice rivalry. The roundtable concludes with an assessment of the

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Vagts, Detlev F. "Military Commissions: A Concise History." American Journal of International Law 101, no. 1 (2007): 35–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0002930000029511.

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As military commissions have been revived in the wake of the attacks of September 11,2001, interest has grown in the history of the institution. The United States Supreme Court, in Hamdan v. Rumsfeld, sketched out some historical notes and set forth a tripartite division between law-of-war commissions, martial law commissions, and occupation tribunals. Various authors have advanced insights on this history, though most have focused on the prominent episodes, particularly the handful of Supreme Court cases. Even the most comprehensive article gives short shrift to the massive employment of comm

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Tuleubayev, Zh Z., Kh B. Maslov, and A. T. Dukombayev. "The First World War and the uprising of 1916: participation of Kazakhs, history and problems." Bulletin of the Karaganda university History.Philosophy series 112, no. 4 (2023): 159–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.31489/2023hph4/159-165.

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The relevance of the topic of the article is due to insufficient study of the problems of the participation of Kazakhs in the First World War. The purpose of the article is to evaluate the role of the Kazakh people in historical retrospect: on the eve of the First World War and during the military operations. The authors also pay attention to the system of rights and obligations of Kazakhs, established by imperial legislation during the First World War. Also, the article examines the causes and results of the uprising in 1916, analyzes the issues of mass seizure of land and the requisition of

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Evdokimova, Tatyana. "Wolfram Wette and His View on History of German Wehrmacht in World War II." Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 4. Istorija. Regionovedenie. Mezhdunarodnye otnoshenija, no. 1 (March 2023): 198–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu4.2023.1.18.

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Introduction. The article analyzes the essence and dynamics of the views of the German historian Wolfram Wette on the history of the German Wehrmacht in the World War II. Methods and materials. The source bases of the study are monographs, publications in books, magazines, newspapers, Wette’s interviews. When writing the article, such methods as historical-systemic, historical-comparative, historical-biographical ones, as well as the methods of communicative analysis of monographs and articles, and comparative analysis of various sources were used. Analysis. The study made it possible to singl

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Bilobrovets, Olga. "THE FIRST WORLD WAR IN THE HISTORICAL MEMORY OF UKRAINE AND POLAND: CHANGING APPROACHES AND DISCOURSE." Intermarum history policy culture, no. 9 (December 25, 2021): 25–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.35433/history.112014.

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The purpose of this study is to analyze the research on the First World War, specifically focusing on changing topics and new discourses, clarifying the place and role of the Great War in the historical memory of Ukrainian and Polish peoples over the centuries and analyzing the means of its actualization and memorialization. The research methodology is based on comparative studies aiming to shed light on convergence and divergence in the historical memory of the First World War in Ukraine and Poland over the past hundred years. The historical-analytical method is employed to characterize the U

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Dr., Marios Kyriakidis. "" Fugitives of War: Desertion, Defection, and Military Disobedience in the Greek Army (1821–1949)"." ISRG Journal of Arts Humanities & Social Sciences (ISRGJAHSS) III, no. I (2025): 449–60. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14856360.

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<strong>Abstract</strong> <em>Military history often glorifies heroism, discipline, and loyalty, leaving the stories of desertion, defection, and military disobedience largely unexamined. This study, "Fugitives of War: Desertion, Defection, and Military Disobedience in the Greek Army (1821–1949)," explores the phenomenon of military desertion across pivotal moments in modern Greek history. From the Greek War of Independence (1821–1829) to the Greek Civil War (1946–1949), this research examines the motives, consequences, and historical silence surrounding Greek soldiers who ab

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Dr., Marios Kyriakidis. ""The Greek Army in Modern History: International Involvement and Diplomatic Alliances"." ISRG Journal of Arts Humanities & Social Sciences (ISRGJAHSS) III, no. I (2025): 347–57. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14799400.

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<strong>Abstract</strong> <em>This manuscript examines the Greek Army’s multifaceted role in modern history, focusing on its international involvement and the interplay between military actions and diplomacy. From the mid-19th century to the Cold War era, Greece’s military contributions extended beyond national defense, influencing and being influenced by global political dynamics. The study explores three interconnected themes: the Greek Army’s relationships with Allied powers during major conflicts, its participation in international wars and peacekeeping missions, and the

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Prete, Roy A. "French Military War Aims, 1914–1916." Historical Journal 28, no. 4 (1985): 887–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x00005112.

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In his recent book, French war aims against Germany, 1914–1919, David Stevenson comes to the heart of the problem relative to the diplomatic prolongation of World War I. ‘No Government’, he asserts, ‘was willing to jettison its war aims in the interest of a compromise peace, or to place itself at the enemy's mercy while a chance of victory remained’. His work is to be applauded, therefore, for he has given us the first succinct and judicious account of the course of official French war aims from 1916 to 1919, enlarging upon a topic heretofore treated in scholarly articles. Using the wealth of

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Wade, Harry. "Dziewanowski, War At Any Price - World War Ii In Europe, 1939-1945." Teaching History: A Journal of Methods 17, no. 1 (1992): 44–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.33043/th.17.1.44-45.

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War at Any Price is a general history of the Second World War in Europe written by a participant. M.K. Dziewanowski was a diplomatic correspondent stationed in Berlin when the war broke out. During the war he served as a platoon commander in the Polish army, an instructorinterpreter for parachutists and saboteurs near London, an editor of a secret radio station that maintained contact with the Polish resistance movement, and a military attache at the Polish embassy in Washington. After the war he studied history at Harvard and later taught at the University of Wisconsin.

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Mahałecki, Andriy. "MEMORIAL STUDIES AND HISTORICAL MEMORY OF THE WARS AND MILITARY CONFLICTS OF THE XX CENTURY: HISTORIOGRAPHY OF THE ISSUE." Intermarum history policy culture, no. 10 (June 30, 2022): 136–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.35433/history.112035.

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The aim of the article is the analysis and systematization of the scientific literature based on the memory studies in general and historical memory of wars, in particular. Among the tasks to be solved, was the task to compare the studies by both foreign and Ukrainian authors in the context of the ratio of attention to the First and Second World Wars and local conflicts, especially the Afghan war. The article also focuses on the research of the memory instrumentalization problems.  Methodology. In the process of writing this article were used general scientific research methods: descript

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Mosienko, Oleksandr. ""ASIAN ENEMY": THE IMAGE OF THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE IN THE AUSTRIAN-HUNGARIAN PROPAGANDA OF THE FIRST WORLD WAR." Intermarum history policy culture, no. 13 (December 21, 2023): 109–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.35433/history.112059.

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Abstract The purpose of this article is to examine peculiarities of the formation of the image of the Russian Empire as an enemy in Austro-Hungarian propaganda during the First World War. Methodology. General scientific methods (analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalization) were used to collect information and analyze it. Methods of visual anthropology, history of propaganda were used. The analysis of the received information made it possible to recreate the wartime processes using the method of reconstruction. The scientific novelty is that for the first time, on the basi

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Cramer, Kevin. "A World of Enemies: New Perspectives on German Military Culture and the Origins of the First World War." Central European History 39, no. 2 (2006): 270–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008938906000112.

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In the introduction to his 1915 book Die Hohenzollern und ihr Werk, Otto Hintze ruefully quoted an Englishman's observation that, “Prussian history is endlessly boring because it speaks so much of war and so little of revolution.” As the “Great War” entered its second year, and with Germany's hopes for a quick and decisive victory fading, Hintze saw history repeating itself. Like Frederick the Great's Prussia, he wrote, “The German Reich, under a Hohenzollern Kaiser, [now] battles for its existence against a world of enemies.” Since the beginning of the war, Entente propaganda had mobilized th

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Stojanović, Bogdan, and Predrag Terzić. "Reviewing the Relationship of War and Peace in International Politics: Can We Imagine a World Without War?" Politické vedy 26, no. 2 (2023): 138–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.24040/politickevedy.2023.26.2.138-158.

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The history of human civilization is the history of wars. Peace was primarily perceived as a pause between those wars. From the concept of the absence of war, peace has transformed to a far more inclusive concept that includes the absence of various types of non-military threats to human well-being. Peace has not only changed its own theoretical foundations but also the practical understanding of international politics. The concept of peace was inextricably linked to war. Hence, the authors attached importance to the expansion and deepening of the concept of war in international relations, whi

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Koho, Mikko, Heikki Rantala, and Eero Hyvönen. "Digital Humanities and Military History." Digital Humanities in the Nordic and Baltic Countries Publications 4, no. 1 (2022): 308–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5617/dhnbpub.11306.

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This paper shows how various prosopographical phenomena can be highlighted and visualized in the WarSampo Knowledge Graph that contains rich data about Finland in the Second World War as Linked Open Data, including detailed metadata of more than 100 000 people. WarSampo Portal contains tools for simple prosopographical data analysis of the person registers, and accessing the SPARQL endpoint directly opens up further possibilities in using the ontology infrastructure for enhanced information retrieval and pursuing digital humanities studies. This paper overviews of these possibilities of WarSam

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Kuzmin, Yuri. "The Manchurian Strategic Operation of the Soviet Forces in 1945: Questions of Historiography and Conceptual Rationale." Russian and Chinese Studies 5, no. 1 (2021): 7–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.17150/2587-7445.2021.5(1).7-15.

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The Soviet-Japanese war of 1945 is an important part of the Second World war, a heroic page in the military history of Russia. The Manchurian strategic operation of August, 1945 is actively studied in Russian and world historical science and considerable number of historical sources and memoirs are published. However, the theoretical and geopolitical aspect of the Soviet-Japanese war requires additional research. The place of war in national and world history, the causes and consequences of hostilities, and diplomatic history need further understanding and generalization. The article focuses o

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Wyatt, Lee. "Teaching History In The Army." Teaching History: A Journal of Methods 19, no. 1 (1994): 26–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.33043/th.19.1.26-32.

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The dramatic world events since the late 1980s have altered fundamentally the assumptions that military planners had embraced after World War II. The Persian Gulf War; collapse of the Soviet Union; realignment of basic security arrangements in Europe, the Middle East, Asia, and the Pacific Basin; apprehension about nuclear proliferation; prospects for global economic change; and the resurgence of regional instabilities, ethnic disputes, and nationalism-all these events offer challenges to U.S. interests not faced even during the darkest days of the Cold War. Indeed, the deployment and use of A

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Suprun, M. N. "Svalbard in the Strategy of the Great Powers During the Second World War (1939– 1945)." Modern History of Russia 13, no. 1 (2023): 8–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu24.2023.101.

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The article deals with the place of Svalbard in the strategy of opposing coalitions during the Second World War in the various stages of the war. Since 1939 until the Tehran Conference, the main strategy of the Anti-Hitler Coalition had been the British strategy of “tightening the ring”. Therefore, the Arctic in the frame of this strategy was considered to be an important segment of the “ring”, and Svalbard — as the ice shore of the “channel” through which the route of the northern convoys ran, and the main battles of the war at sea took place. With the adoption of the new coalition strategy o

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Stelnykovych, Sergiy. "EUROPEAN MIGRANT CRISIS AS CONDITIONED BY THE FULL-SCALE RUSSIAN-UKRAINIAN WAR." Intermarum history policy culture, no. 14 (May 29, 2024): 129–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.35433/history.112073.

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The aim of the paper is to analyse the current European migrant crisis, as the massive movement of Ukrainian refugees to the EU countries, beginning after the full-scale Russian military invasion of Ukraine on February 24, 2022. The methodology of the research is based on general scientific and special historical methods, sociological and demographic tools, the theory of human capital, the concept of «push and pull factors», the foundations of the neoclassical economic macro-level theory of migration. The topicality of the research is conditioned by the fact that it is the first attempt to exa

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von Hagen, Mark. "Autocracy Defeats Military Reform on Eve of First World War." Russian History 38, no. 1 (2011): 152–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187633111x549669.

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AbstractSteinberg reconstructs the history of the Russian Imperial General Staff during the final decades of the autocracy and highlights the reformist vision of War Minister Alexei Kuropatkin. The aim of the reformers was to create a general staff on the Prussian/German model that would allow Russia to fight the new wars of the late nineteenth and early twentieth century, wars marked by increasingly large conscript armies and the application of ever more lethal weaponry made possible by Europe's industrial revolutions. The reforms also focused on officer education and aimed at creating leader

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Stahel, David. "The Wehrmacht and National Socialist Military Thinking." War in History 24, no. 3 (2017): 336–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0968344515614049.

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This article argues that Nazi ideology had a profound impact upon the German officer corps in the Second World War not just for their well-established complicity in criminal activity, but also in their approach to warfare. This article demonstrates that Nazi ideology radicalized pre-existing notions of the German military ethos and conceptions of war, leading to an often irrational world view in which impractical, and even impossible, military undertakings could be ‘rationally’ explained, accepted, and understood. At the same time, seventy years after the war, a National Socialist influence up

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Sherba, A. N., and Yu A. Nikulin. "Obukhov Plant in 1900–1916: Features of Development of Military Production." Modern History of Russia 10, no. 3 (2020): 560–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/11701/spbu24.2020.301.

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At the beginning of the 20th century, domestic military industry entered a new stage of development, due to the evolution of scientific and technological progress that led to increasing complexity of weapons and military equipment. In addition, this stage was characterized by Russia’s participation in two wars: the Russian-Japanese War and First World War. All this significantly influenced the nature of development of military production: its scale grew rapidly, and diversification intensified. One of the largest centers for Russia’s military industry was St. Petersburg, where the largest fact

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Bonfield, Christopher M., Anand R. Kumar, and Peter C. Gerszten. "The history of military cranioplasty." Neurosurgical Focus 36, no. 4 (2014): E18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2014.1.focus13504.

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There is evidence that the neurosurgical procedure of cranioplasty is as ancient as its better-known counterpart, trephination. With origins in pre-Incan Peru, cranioplasty remains an important reconstructive procedure for modern craniofacial surgery teams to master. Solutions to the often challenging problem of repairing skull defects continue to evolve to improve patient outcomes. Throughout recorded history, advances in cranioplasty have paralleled major military conflicts due to survivorship after trephination or decompressive craniectomy. Primitive skull coverings used in Peru were later

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