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Journal articles on the topic 'Military Media Unit'
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1
Prauta, Maksym. "The place of military media among the sources of information for servicemen of the Armed Forces of Ukraine." Obraz 38, no. 1 (2022): 89–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/obraz.2022.1(38)-89-99.
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Introduction. In the conditions of external aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine, the source of official information for servicemen of the Armed Forces of Ukraine are the state media which were founded by the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine. In the period since 2014, the system of military media has undergone significant changes, as well as the transformation of the public relations and strategic communicatios in the Ministry of Defense and the Armed Forces of Ukraine has continued. At the present stage, it remains significant to clarify the current position of the military media as a source of information. Relevance of the study. The purpose of the article is to determine the place of military media among the sources of official information for servicemen, as well as the degree of need in specialized media of the Ministry of Defense and the Armed Forces of Ukraine. Methodology, results, conclusions. According to a questionnaire survey of servicemen of one of the units of the Marine Corps of the Naval Forces of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, it was found that at the level of this separate military unit the leading role in informing personnel is played by internal communications. About 40% of servicemen use military media as source of information. The Internet is the most common source of information for military personnel. The military often uses several types of media, but if they use only one source to receive news, it is usually social networks. All military media from which respondents receive information are presented on the Internet. This may indicate the impact of the development of the Internet and information and communication technologies on the functioning of traditional media of the Ministry of Defense and the Armed Forces of Ukraine. The results of the questionnaire indicate the need for structural and functional transformation of the existing system of military media. To confirm this, it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive study on the scale of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. In the future, this will provide an opportunity to develop proposals for improving the processes of socio-communication interaction of the army with society and information and media support of troops (forces).
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Robb-Jackson, Carley, and Sandra Campbell. "‘Healthy Relationships’ campaign: Preventing and addressing family and gender-based violence." Journal of Military, Veteran and Family Health 8, no. 1 (February 1, 2022): 125–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/jmvfh-2021-0014.
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LAY SUMMARY Canadian military families face distinct challenges due to the military lifestyle, primarily due to relocation, absences and deployments, and risk of injury and death. Tied to these challenges is the intimate partner relationship and the ability of the family unit to thrive. To support families, Military Family Services (MFS) undertook a collaborative process to create a modernized campaign focused on healthy relationships for Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) members, Veterans, and their families. The “Healthy Relationships” campaign is a unique social media campaign centred on positive behaviour change, inspiration, and sharing of real military families’ stories. The campaign sought to shift the narrative from previous anti-family-violence messaging to promoting positive, healthy, and equitable relationships. The campaign was successful in its rollout across bases and wings in Canada, Europe, and the United States.
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Winarto, Arif Zuhdi. "Join in the ‘upper-class’ student activities: UGM equestrian unit (unit berkuda UGM)." Digital Press Social Sciences and Humanities 1 (2018): 00002. http://dx.doi.org/10.29037/digitalpress.41235.
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<p class="Abstract">Due to historical relationships with the military, royalty, landed gentry and upper-class society, equestrian sport faces regular accusations of being elitist and exclusionary. How about in Indonesia? Equestrian clubs are now a lot of popping up and become popular in some of major cities in this country. Even though looks similar, equestrian is totally different from traditional Indonesian horse race: ‘Pacuan Kuda’ that has already existed in this country. After millennium, various discourses in the media about equestrian also forming the discourse of exclusionary in this country. Understand equestrian sport is important to consider how people participate in the sport and the different ways it is represented across countries, in this case is in Indonesia. UGM Equestrian Unit, one of an oldest equestrian club in Yogyakarta<span lang="IN">,</span> Indonesia<span lang="IN">,</span> that consistently stands for UGM students since 1989. Many ways are done by this club in recruiting members every year and present themselves as a humble sport that can be followed by every UGM student in Yogyakarta, but the image of an ‘upper-class’ student activities appears even stronger year after year. Why did it happen?<o:p></o:p></p>
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AWAIS, AHMAD, and ISLAM JAHIDUL. "PEACE JOURNALISM VERSUS EMBEDDED JOURNALISM IN PAKISTAN WITH A DETAILED HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE." Quantum Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities 1, no. 3 (August 6, 2020): 13–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.55197/qjssh.v1i3.18.
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Announcing “war on terrorism” by United States had dire consequences upon independent Pakistani journalists. Pakistan army has carried out several military operations against local and foreign militants those expected to be hidden in these regions. During these operations journalists were restricted from objective and free coverage and therefore they remained embedded with military in FATA. The embedding process created by the Pentagon and implemented for the first time in Iraq, was highly criticized by American citizens for not showing real casualties in Iraq war. Similarly, Pakistani journalists experienced this practice of being embedded in FATA after 9/11 attacks and the coverage went pro-military where civilian casualties were misrepresented. On one side this practice was praised by some journalists for their security and protection while on the other side it was highly criticized by public for violation of human rights. The method of analysis of choice was descriptive and explanatory. For the purpose different journals, research articles, existence literature and books were consulted. This paper shows that in the present age of media galore conflicts are viewed not just from the opposing parties ‘perspective but media is also considered a party to the conflicts. Moreover, the paper finds that it becomes very difficult for a journalist to report independently while staying 24/7 with an army unit in a conflict zone. And if they go against the commandments of army they could be killed, and nobody would report this big tragedy. By considering the above facts it has become crystal clear that media portrayals of conflict all over the world including Pakistan have seen major concern to media professionals, combatants and public.
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Gabor, Natalia, Yuliana Lavrysh, Lyudmyla Pavlyuk, and Ihor Pavlyuk. "«VocabulariesofParallels»inUkrainianPoliticalCommunication:AnalogiesandPrecedentsintheAnalysisofConflict." Social Communications: Theory and PracticeS 14, no. 1 (August 30, 2022): 125–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.51423/2524-0471-2022-14-1-7.
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The aimof the article is to clarify features ofsymbolic comparative resources used in the Ukrainian media to represent conflict and counter propaganda, and to consider how these contribute to decision-making. Historical parallels and intercultural analogies are considered as rhetorical means used bywriters in the Ukrainian mediain analyzing the challenges posed by the Russian-Ukrainian military conflict.Research methods and techniques: critical discourse analysis,«problem-oriented interdisciplinary approach»,which emphasizesidentity and power as factors that contribute to the formation of meaning. The research procedureinvolves the analysis of the linguistic and actual context of tropes, comparison of interpretations, and classification of intertextual patterns.Results: different types of analogies are exploited in media texts, the differentiation of which is based on several functional criteria: eitherthe «script of war»,argumentative purpose, or sources of transposition.Conclusions.1. Analogies in media texts are seen as interpretive frameworks that explain current conflict through references to scenarios of military, political,and cultural histories in the world, including the causes of hostilities and models of negotiation. 2. In media texts dealing with interstate conflict and related geopolitical issues, the analogy is approached as a unit of argumentation and belief that influences the choice, and shapes Ukraine's position in the information war. 3. Analogies used in the process of media persuasion serve the functions of symbolic identification, promotion of values, transfer of experience, and proposing strategies. 4. Collectively, the public debate in Ukraine, which addresses the challenges of resistance, is an example of intercultural intertextuality, revealing the basic principles of conflict resolution and protection of state sovereignty.Keywords:analogies,historicalparallels,discourse,conflict,frames,rhetoric,symbol,context.
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Ryu, Ji Woong, and Ho Kim. "A Study on the Improvement of Crime Victim Protection in Military Police." Korean Public Land Law Association 100 (November 30, 2022): 579–612. http://dx.doi.org/10.30933/kpllr.2022.100.579.
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The purpose of this study is to suggest the need to strengthen the military police's investigative power for crimes that occur in military units and the direction of legislative and policy revision of the military police's role in protecting crime victims due to the incident. Recently, problems with the investigative power and jurisdiction of the Korean military police have been continuously raised both inside and outside the military, and there have been considerable internal improvement efforts, but it is pointed out that the system has not yet been sufficiently improved. Under the current law, frequent conflicts or inadequate institutional issues have been revealed in the military police investigation process, and these problems have emerged due to the acceleration of the military's civilization, so it is believed that human rights violations of crime victims will become serious. In particular, military police are in charge of investigating civilians with exceptions to most military personnel or military materials for general crimes, so the investigation procedures must be clearly based on laws and minimize possible abuse, but there are insufficient regulations to support them. In addition, the role of a special judicial police officer is also an increasingly important area, but domestic violence crimes and the protection of crime victims in the military unit have become important issues, and the law has been revised. According to the above-mentioned grounds, the enactment of relevant laws and institutional development necessary for the military police to perform their duties for domestic violence crimes (including dating crimes) and crime victims (including soldiers and military family victims) will fall within the scope of military police's important duties in the future. This study examined various related laws such as the Military Court Act and the Judicial Police Management Act, which are the legal basis for the exercise of the military police's investigative power, and derived matters pointed out by the National Human Rights Commission, the National Assembly, and the media regarding the actual effectiveness of the laws. In addition, in the application of various laws and regulations for investigation, military police and general police were compared and analyzed to analyze various disturbances that may cause problems and improvements to overcome them.
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Ryu, Ji Woong, and Ho Kim. "A Study on the Improvement of Crime Victim Protection in Military Police." Korean Public Land Law Association 100 (November 30, 2022): 579–612. http://dx.doi.org/10.30933/kpllr.2022.100.579.
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The purpose of this study is to suggest the need to strengthen the military police's investigative power for crimes that occur in military units and the direction of legislative and policy revision of the military police's role in protecting crime victims due to the incident. Recently, problems with the investigative power and jurisdiction of the Korean military police have been continuously raised both inside and outside the military, and there have been considerable internal improvement efforts, but it is pointed out that the system has not yet been sufficiently improved. Under the current law, frequent conflicts or inadequate institutional issues have been revealed in the military police investigation process, and these problems have emerged due to the acceleration of the military's civilization, so it is believed that human rights violations of crime victims will become serious. In particular, military police are in charge of investigating civilians with exceptions to most military personnel or military materials for general crimes, so the investigation procedures must be clearly based on laws and minimize possible abuse, but there are insufficient regulations to support them. In addition, the role of a special judicial police officer is also an increasingly important area, but domestic violence crimes and the protection of crime victims in the military unit have become important issues, and the law has been revised. According to the above-mentioned grounds, the enactment of relevant laws and institutional development necessary for the military police to perform their duties for domestic violence crimes (including dating crimes) and crime victims (including soldiers and military family victims) will fall within the scope of military police's important duties in the future. This study examined various related laws such as the Military Court Act and the Judicial Police Management Act, which are the legal basis for the exercise of the military police's investigative power, and derived matters pointed out by the National Human Rights Commission, the National Assembly, and the media regarding the actual effectiveness of the laws. In addition, in the application of various laws and regulations for investigation, military police and general police were compared and analyzed to analyze various disturbances that may cause problems and improvements to overcome them.
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Ingiriis, Mohamed Haji. "Predatory politics and personalization of power: The abuses and misuses of the National Intelligence and Security Agency (NISA) in Somalia." African Affairs 119, no. 475 (January 22, 2020): 251–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/afraf/adz027.
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Abstract This article investigates the security sector in Somalia, with a focus on the National Intelligence and Security Agency (NISA), a government security unit, involved in the fight against the Al-Shabaab insurgency. This article argues that the historically traumatic legacy of autocratic oppression of the former military regime gives the Somali intelligence agency an infamous reputation that survives today and plays a significant role in the operations of the intelligence agency. Intelligence agents employ tactics from the late Cold War era military regime’s intelligence services, suggesting striking historical continuities of the military regime in practice and performance. The empirical data also shows that NISA is enmeshed in the ‘dirty war’ between the federal government and Al-Shabaab. Not only does the intelligence agency normalize extrajudicial activities to serve the agenda of political authorities and to suppress their critics, but it also financially benefits from arrests without trials. NISA agents harass the public and political opposition groups daily and brutally suppress mass media and freedom of speech, especially in the government-controlled areas in Mogadishu. As the first empirical academic investigation into NISA, the article contributes to broader debates on intelligence, the anthropology of the state, security studies, and institution- and state-building in violent environments.
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Zamarreño-Aramendia, Gorka, F. J. Cristòfol, Jordi de-San-Eugenio-Vela, and Xavier Ginesta. "Social-Media Analysis for Disaster Prevention: Forest Fire in Artenara and Valleseco, Canary Islands." Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity 6, no. 4 (November 29, 2020): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/joitmc6040169.
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This manuscript investigates the use of social media, specifically Twitter, during the forest fires in Artenara and Valleseco, Canary Islands, Spain, during summer 2019. The used methodology was big-data analysis through the Union Metrics and Twlets tools, as well as content analysis of posts related to the fires written by seven relevant accounts on the days when the fires were active, which was between 17 August and 26 September, when 9636.40 hectares were burned. The accounts selected for analysis were the following: Ángel Víctor Torres, autonomous president; Canary Islands Government; Civil Protection of Las Palmas; Military Emergency Unit of the Spanish Army; Delegation of the Spanish Government in the Canary Islands; Citizen’s Service of the Canary Islands Government; and the information account of the Security and Emergency area of the Canary Islands Government. The study concludes that the Canary Islands authorities did not use social media as a preventive element, but almost exclusively as a live-information channel. Future recommendations are presented for the management of social media during natural disasters.
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Sikorskyі, O., and V. Alexandrov. "ADMINISTRATIVE AND LEGAL BASIS OF PROVIDING STATE GUARANTEES OF THE SERVICE OF MILITARY AQUATIC MARINE DEPARTMENTS." Scientific Notes Series Law 1, no. 9 (2020): 157–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.36550/2522-9230-2020-1-9-157-160.
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In recent years, the development of the Armed Forces of Ukraine has become an extremely important issue for Ukraine. Among the many important areas in ensuring the country's defense capabilities was the issue of the actual revival of the Marines of the Ukrainian Navy after the annexation of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea by the Russian Federation. Within the framework of our work the system of state guarantees of service by servicemen of the Marines of the Navy of the Armed Forces of Ukraine is analyzed and the prospects of further improvement of administrative and legal bases of this direction of activity of public authorities are singled out. Analyzing the historical aspects of the formation of the Marines, we can state that this is a relatively separate unit of the armed forces, aimed at performing special tasks and functions in both offensive and defensive military operations. Nowadays, there is an active development of special units of different purpose and functionality - this is primarily due to socio-political domestic and geopolitical processes. Informatization of society, development of technologies, finds its application in the military sphere. Today, the processes of modernization of the Ukrainian army with the help of modern telecommunication capabilities are actively reflected. To increase the level of awareness of both the general public and the military, official websites, Facebook pages, military leadership at various levels have been created, and the media, in turn, pay special attention to the country's defense capabilities.
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Qadir, Shahid, and Amir Ahmad Dar. "How Internet Shutdowns Affects the Entrepreneurs in Jammu and Kashmir." International Journal of Asian Business and Information Management 12, no. 3 (July 2021): 109–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijabim.20210701.oa7.
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Entrepreneurship is the globally accepted source for economic development in underdeveloped countries like India and Pakistan. The internet is used as a business resource for growth and development. The internet is a global network that provides information and communication facilities. Shutdown of internet services has become a common trend in Jammu and Kashmir to stop rumors and misinformation sharing on social media applications. But it affects the economy and social life of people living in Jammu and Kashmir. Shutdown of internet has become common in Jammu and Kashmir after the militants used social media as a tool for recruiting the young generation. Government of Jammu and Kashmir snapped internet services whenever any anti-military and antigovernment operation happened. Continued shutdown of internet in the region results in winding up small business unit, which operates through internet. This paper particularly focused on how internet shutdowns affect the entrepreneur and which problems are faced by entrepreneurs in Jammu and Kashmir by the shutdown of internet in the area.
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Kunkeler, Nathaniël. "The Swedish Brigade: From National Romantic Heroes to European Counter-Revolutionaries?" European History Quarterly 53, no. 1 (January 2023): 88–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/02656914221140021.
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This article analyzes the character and development of the Swedish Brigade, a small military volunteer unit in the Finnish Civil War of 1918, in the context of the European counter-revolution. Volunteers in the various civil wars following the Russian Revolution have been studied extensively before, but have largely focused on countries that participated in the First World War. This case study of the ‘White’ Swedish Brigade aims to highlight the importance of volunteers from neutral countries, and their specific role in the transnational counter-revolutionary movement. The Brigade was an ostensibly politically neutral unit, with a socially heterogeneous make-up. Heavily supported by the Swedish right-wing media, it was widely romanticized as a heroic effort to restore Sweden's honour by supporting the Finnish fight against the old Russian enemy, and defending the former Swedish province as a bulwark of Swedish culture, law and order against barbarism. While its political culture was steeped in a romanticized Finno-Swedish history and culture, shared by many of the volunteers, the brigadiers were quickly confronted by the realities of poor equipment and organization, political division, and above all an exceptionally brutal civil war and the morally degrading violence it entailed. Brigade archive documents and memoirs show that this quickly changed the character of the actual volunteer unit to contrast heavily with the right-wing press's romantic imagination. Additionally, through contacts with the Finnish and German military, and in the face of a Left Swedish critique of the Brigade as reactionary butchers, many of the volunteers reconceptualized their role in the civil war, not as one of heroic and historical significance for Sweden, but as part of a vicious European struggle against Bolshevism. This seems to some extent confirmed by their post-war history, which raises interesting questions about these volunteers’ roles among the new Right of interwar Europe.
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Gulhane, Ruchika, Swapnil Kadam, Adesh Ingale, and Pranali Pale. "AI based Early Flood Warning System." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 4 (April 30, 2022): 3039–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.41987.
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Abstract: Community Based Early Flood Warning System". Which covers study of early warning system in India, Study of 1OT based software and hardware, to build small scale working model on IOT based Interface. Due to use of such technology impacted community will be brought into the network of disaster relief committee, local media, local, police, the military unit and flood monitoring and forecasting station of the department of Hydraulic and Metrology. This technology will be proved very effective and will give warning and response immediately during the time of flood. This paper also gives a brief idea about the work done for the preparation for small scale model and various kinds of IOT based hardware, software and components used in it. Keywords: IOT based sensors, Arduino uno R3, early flood warning, Bluetooth module
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Rochet, Bénédicte. "A State Cinematographic Practice in Wartime." TMG Journal for Media History 19, no. 1 (April 4, 2016): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.18146/2213-7653.2016.248.
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Mass media widely disseminated iconographic representations of the war. In this profusion of images, the behaviour of state authorities changed, while they had previously looked down on these two types of media. The alleged power of images led belligerents to take control of war pictures which circulated in newspapers or in newsreels. Both the reputation of the Army, and, behind it, that of the Nation, were at stake. At the beginning of the war the image of Poor Little Belgium was an effective symbol that was largely fuelled by Allied propaganda and one-off Belgian initiatives. Nevertheless, when the Belgian Army was mentioned in Allied propaganda, the soldiers looked pitiful and exhausted. Because it was growing increasingly worried of this feeble image, the Belgian government decided in 1916 to change course and to coordinate its propaganda efforts to propagate a favourable portrayal of Belgium as a tenacious belligerent nation and equally worthy ally. The Belgian Army Film Unit, established in 1916, was part of this development. Her task was to shoot images of the Belgian Army in action and of its soldiers under the leadership of their commander-in-chief, King Albert and his wife Queen Elisabeth. A state cinematographic practice developed for the first time in Belgium, in the form of a rigorously controlled military film production. This article aims sketching a first approach to this Belgian Army Film Unit and to its filmic sources. The goal is to understand why the Belgian War Department gradually established an Army film unit and how it used its filmic production to write its own history at the Yser front.
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Mishchenko, Igor. "Representation of the Army and War in Video Games: The Current State and Prospects of the Genre Shift." Ideas and Ideals 14, no. 3-2 (September 29, 2022): 403–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.17212/2075-0862-2022-14.3.2-403-418.
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The subject of research in this article is the study of the genre areas of representation of the army as a socio-cultural institution in video games. To solve the research problems, methods such as classification were used to determine the main options for the representation of the army in video games, a structural-functional method to identify the media characteristics of games, forecasting to identify the prospects for a genre and ideological shift in military video games. As a result of the study, it was found that modern personalized war games are shifting from the era of the Second World War deeper into the past - for example, to the First World War or the Middle Ages, and their ideological content and content are also changing - from the linear fulfillment of a tactical task to a detailed narrative that reveals tragedy and heroism of military conflicts. According to the author, an important aspect of the success of military-patriotic education and the pragmatics of video games in the context of modern Russian culture is not just setting the task of creating games that glorify our military past, but also regulating the image of the Russian army today. A tool for this can be simulators of everyday activities, adventure games about the everyday life of border guards, signalmen, submariners on a campaign, managers of a military unit. Their potential is able to demonstrate the army as an institution for maintaining peace and ensuring security. The author assumes that such a genre experiment in military video games will make it possible to popularize Russian military video games on the market. In the conclusions of the study, 4 genres of army representation in video games are presented, in which the ideological paradigm is built around personal heroism or team genius, as well as personal exclusivity in extreme circumstances of military operations. The latter is formed by the very genre nature of video games, genre is message. The author revealed that the dominant genre is the action shooter, due to which the connection between the army and the categories of peace and security is lost and the categorical picture of the world created by the games of the military genre is distorted. The identified genre shift is destructive in nature, as it is aimed at destroying the socio-cultural institutions of the army.
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Ribke, Nahuel. "Fauda television series and the turning of asymmetrical conflict into television entertainment." Media, Culture & Society 41, no. 8 (February 15, 2019): 1245–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0163443718823142.
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Since its release in February 2015, television drama/action series Fauda has attracted enormous public attention and debate, first in Israel and then abroad, following its global release on Netflix. The story of an Israeli undercover unit chasing an infamous Palestinian terrorist, the series was praised for its ‘realistic’ depiction of the conflict and empathetic portrayal of the opposing sides, as well as for the frenetic rhythm and suspense of the plot. On the other hand, the series has faced criticism for downplaying and obscuring the realities of the Israeli occupation, focusing on a cat and mouse thriller rather than the hardships incurred by a civilian population under military control. Based on a qualitative analysis of media coverage in Israel and abroad, this article analyzes the complex relationship between an ongoing asymmetrical conflict and its representation in fictional television entertainment.
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Campbell, David. "Representing Contemporary War." Ethics & International Affairs 17, no. 2 (September 2003): 99–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-7093.2003.tb00442.x.
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“… Sontag not only challenges the compassion fatigue thesis; she questions the notion of the CNN effect. With regard to inaction in Bosnia despite the steady stream of images of ethnic cleansing that made their way out of Sarajevo, Sontag argues that people didn't turn off because they were either overwhelmed by their quantity or anaesthetized by their quality. Rather, they switched off because American and European leaders proclaimed it was an intractable and irresolvable situation. The political context into which the pictures were being inserted was already set, with military intervention not an option, and no amount of horrific photographs was going to change that….… In the Iraq war of 2003 imagery was central to the conflict and often the subject of conflict itself. In this context, the Pentagon's strategy of “embedding” reporters and their camera crews with fighting units, and having them operate at the behest of that unit, continues the long-running tradition of a close relationship between the media and the military…. Given this, Sontag is perhaps surprisingly sanguine about the genuineness of war photography in the contemporary period. While recognizing that many of the now iconic combat images of the pre-Vietnam period were staged, she sees Vietnam as a watershed such that “the practice of inventing dramatic news pictures, staging them for the camera, seems on its way to becoming a lost art.” Insofar as Sontag is referring to the likelihood of individual photographers seeking to deceive, she may be right. There was, however, at least one notable instance in Iraq of digital manipulation. This resulted in the Los Angeles Times sacking award-winning staff photographer Brian Walski, whose altered image of a British soldier in Basra (he had combined two photos into one to improve marginally composition) was used on the paper's front page….… What is most striking about the embedded journalists' coverage of the Iraq war is the way in which the images of the conflict produced by the allies' media was so relatively clean, being largely devoid of the dead bodies that mark a major conflict. In this outcome, the media is a willing accomplice….”
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Peters, Michael A. "Inside the global teaching machine: MOOCs, academic labour and the future of the university." Learning and Teaching 9, no. 2 (June 1, 2016): 66–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/latiss.2016.090204.
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This special issue focused on ‘Digital Media and Contested Visions of Education’ provides an opportunity to examine the tendency to hypothesise a rupture in the history of the university. It does so by contrasting the traditional Humboldtian ideals of the university with a neoliberal marketised version and in order to ask questions concerning evaluations of the quality of higher education within a knowledge economy. Theorising the rupture has led to a variety of different accounts most of which start from an approach in political economy and differ according to how theorists picture this change in capitalism. Roughly speaking the question of whether to see the political economy of using social media in higher education from a state perspective or a network perspective is a critical issue. A state-centric approach is predisposed towards a reading that is based on a critical realist approach of Marxist political economy (Jessop 1993). By contrast an approach that decentres the state and focuses on global networked finance capitalism ironically grows out of a military-university research network created by the U.S. government. Arguably, networks, not states, now constitute the organising global structure (Castells 2009) and while state-centric theory with hierarchical structures are still significant, relational, selforganising and flexible market networks have become the new unit of analysis for understanding the circuits of global capital (Peters 2014; Peters 2009). However, states still have a role to play in norming the networks or providing the governing framework in international law.
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Boldyrev, Roman, and Jörg Morré. "Organizational Structure, Channels and Methods of Propaganda Work of the Soviet Military Administration in Germany, 1945–1949." Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 4. Istorija. Regionovedenie. Mezhdunarodnye otnoshenija, no. 5 (October 2019): 205–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu4.2019.5.15.
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Introduction. The paper deals with the issues of the propaganda system in the Soviet Occupation Zone in Germany (SOZ) between 1945 and 1949. Based on de-classified documents from Russian Archives propaganda organization, channels and methods of propaganda units of the Soviet Military Administration in Germany (SMAG) became a subject to study. The authors emphasize on control means towards German mass media and implementing the Soviet propaganda monopoly in East Germany. Methods and materials. The authors consequently analyze the main channels and methods of positive USSR image broadcasting: radio, press, SMAG propaganda unit lectures, people’s education system, activities of society for Soviet cultural studies, acquaintance trips of German delegations to the USSR, presentations of Soviet exhibitions and films. Analysis and Results. The authors come to a conclusion that the Soviet propaganda in East Germany had a low efficiency. It failed to establish a complete monopoly of Soviet propaganda units in East Germany. The SOZ population could access the propaganda from West Germany and West Berlin, which broadcast a radically negative image of the USSR. Besides, the units and institutions of the Group of Soviet Occupation Troops in Germany (GSOTG) created their own image of Soviet people, which was different from the ideal and broadcast one. Thus, it turned out to be impossible to provide the unification of the broadcast and perception of propagandist materials devoted to the USSR and its population. Soviet propaganda in Germany had gone through the transition by the late 1940s: division of Germany in two states appeared to be a reality, and the establishment of socialist society on Stalin’s model took place in East Germany. Ideological revisiting of the Soviet social constitution, and so its supremacy over the bourgeois one was to replace the conventional image of the country of total welfare and happiness.
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KUTS, M. O. "INNOVATIVE VOCABULARY IN THE LANGUAGE OF MODERN WEB MEDIA (COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE UKRAINIAN AND ENGLISH LANGUAGES)." АКАДЕМІЧНІ СТУДІЇ. СЕРІЯ «ГУМАНІТАРНІ НАУКИ», no. 4 (February 10, 2023): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.52726/as.humanities/2022.4.5.
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The article has compared the specifics of neologisms in English and Ukrainian languages. The aim of our study was to establish a comparative relationship between the specifics of neologisms in both languages in the modern Web Media. It has been found out that innovative vocabulary appears during important periods of time (such as Pandemic 2019 and Military Actions in Ukraine 2022). During our theoretical research, analytical review, generalization and concretization have been used as the main methods. Thus, although the problems of neologisms and innovative vocabulary are not one-sided, the analysis of their identification criteria, which exists in modern linguistics, allowed us to determine the main features, based on which the research and classification of neologisms will become easier and clearer, and it will also help to reveal the potential of neologisms more widely. In our opinion, such an indicator as a criterion of time from 5 to 20 years should be attributed to them, it is the period of time that can be defined as a certain period of development of the studied language. The next characteristic of neologisms is the presence of a certain or partial uncharacteristic or atypicality of language norms. Also, it should be noted that one of the features of neologisms usage is the fact that they are used by the majority of native speakers while preserving the connotation of novelty. Taking into account all of the above, we come to the conclusion that neologisms relate to a certain class of words. Neologisms are words or stable phrases that are new in content or form. They retain their connotation of novelty and relevance for a limited period of time. Neologisms have formed semantic, pragmatic and stylistic features and sometimes they can be recorded in the lexicographic literature. Having investigated the issue of neologisms classification, we came to the conclusion that there is no single classification and usually these language units are classified according to different features. Such features include the following: type of linguistic unit, type of denotation, method of formation, conditions of the method of formation, target purpose. Regarding the method of formation, neologisms are divided into borrowings, morphological, phonological and syntactic. In Ukrainian language, the suffix method of creating neologisms is the most frequent, and in English language they are contamination, truncation and conversion.
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Ochirov, Utash B. "Мемориализация подвига 110-й Калмыцкой кавалерийской дивизии в боях на Дону в июле 1942 г. в форме конных походов (май, июль 2022 г.)." Oriental studies 15, no. 4 (November 15, 2022): 808–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.22162/2619-0990-2022-61-4-808-833.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction. The article describes two equestrian expeditions undertaken in May and July 2022 to celebrate the 80th anniversary of earliest battles for the Don attended by the 100th Kalmyk Cavalry Division. The expeditions are viewed as commemorative practices to have facilitated further memorialization of the ethnic military unit’s heroic deeds. Materials and methods. The study employs a variety of general scientific and special research techniques, including the genetic method in history, participant observations, and interviews. The work analyzes monographs and articles dealing with the 110th Cavalry Division, interviews with expedition attendees, and published media materials. Results. The paper begins with a historical review of the 110th Kalmyk Cavalry Division and describes the struggle for its historical memory. This is followed by insights into the two equestrian expeditions to have commemorated the 80th anniversary of the unit’s earliest hostilities attended. The first expedition was held on Malye Derbety – Elista route (over 200 km long), lasted for seven days, and was culminated by a ceremonial march along Elista streets on 9 May. This involved a total of approximately thirty individuals, including one young woman and five children, and was largely a preparatory arrangement to identify and settle some potential logistic and technical problems. The second expedition was organized on route Malye Derbety – Razdorskaya (over 500 km long) in July 2022 and lasted for fourteen days. The group included seventeen male individuals dressed in 1942 uniforms of Red Army cavalrymen and equipped with blank WWII firearms. The expedition was to primarily pass through Rostov Oblast and ended in Razdorskaya on 23 July during an interregional Cossack song contest. Horse riders to have attended both the expeditions would participate in public meetings and concerts to narrate about heroic deeds performed by soldiers of the 110th Kalmyk Cavalry Division. So, the early 3rd millennium equestrian tours have proved an ingenious form of patriotic propaganda and shall be long remembered — like the delivered history of the ethnic military unit proper — by participants of corresponding events. Conclusions. The arranged equestrian expeditions have served an efficient tool to memorialize heroic past of the 110th Kalmyk Cavalry Division both across Kalmykia and Rostov Oblast.
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Ochirov, Utash B. "Мемориализация подвига 110-й Калмыцкой кавалерийской дивизии в боях на Дону в июле 1942 г. в форме конных походов (май, июль 2022 г.)." Oriental studies 15, no. 4 (November 15, 2022): 808–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.22162/2619-0990-2022-62-4-808-833.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction. The article describes two equestrian expeditions undertaken in May and July 2022 to celebrate the 80th anniversary of earliest battles for the Don attended by the 100th Kalmyk Cavalry Division. The expeditions are viewed as commemorative practices to have facilitated further memorialization of the ethnic military unit’s heroic deeds. Materials and methods. The study employs a variety of general scientific and special research techniques, including the genetic method in history, participant observations, and interviews. The work analyzes monographs and articles dealing with the 110th Cavalry Division, interviews with expedition attendees, and published media materials. Results. The paper begins with a historical review of the 110th Kalmyk Cavalry Division and describes the struggle for its historical memory. This is followed by insights into the two equestrian expeditions to have commemorated the 80th anniversary of the unit’s earliest hostilities attended. The first expedition was held on Malye Derbety – Elista route (over 200 km long), lasted for seven days, and was culminated by a ceremonial march along Elista streets on 9 May. This involved a total of approximately thirty individuals, including one young woman and five children, and was largely a preparatory arrangement to identify and settle some potential logistic and technical problems. The second expedition was organized on route Malye Derbety – Razdorskaya (over 500 km long) in July 2022 and lasted for fourteen days. The group included seventeen male individuals dressed in 1942 uniforms of Red Army cavalrymen and equipped with blank WWII firearms. The expedition was to primarily pass through Rostov Oblast and ended in Razdorskaya on 23 July during an interregional Cossack song contest. Horse riders to have attended both the expeditions would participate in public meetings and concerts to narrate about heroic deeds performed by soldiers of the 110th Kalmyk Cavalry Division. So, the early 3rd millennium equestrian tours have proved an ingenious form of patriotic propaganda and shall be long remembered — like the delivered history of the ethnic military unit proper — by participants of corresponding events. Conclusions. The arranged equestrian expeditions have served an efficient tool to memorialize heroic past of the 110th Kalmyk Cavalry Division both across Kalmykia and Rostov Oblast.
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Asaduzzaman, AKM, Sarder Mohammad Golam Rabbani, Md Tauhidul Islam, Mohammod Delwar Hossain, Shafiul Alam, and Muhammad Ali Azad. "Audiometric Evaluation of Hearing Loss– A Study of 100 Cases." Journal of Armed Forces Medical College, Bangladesh 12, no. 2 (December 1, 2016): 30–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jafmc.v12i2.41085.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: Audiometry is the measurement of hearing acuity. If it is done by using pure tones then it is called pure tone audiometry. It is the most commonly used method for hearing measurement.
Objective: To find out the type and degree of hearing loss.
Materials and Methods: The cross sectional prospective study was carried out in the Audiology unit of the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Combined Military Hospital (CMH), Dhaka, in a period of 06 months from o1.03.2016 to 31.08.2016 among those complaining hearing loss attending in this hospital. 100 cases of hearing impaired people were taken and the data were collected by interviewing the cases as per questionnaire from history, examinations and investigation reports.
Results: This study revealed that people of 21-30 years were most common sufferer of hearing loss and female was predominant (61%). The most common type of hearing loss was conductive type. In the right ear type of deafness were 46 cases (51.11%) of conductive type of deafness, 20 cases (23%) of mixed type of deafness and 17 cases (18.88%) of sensorineural type of deafness. In the left ear it was 53 cases (61.62%) of conductive type of deafness, 20 cases (23.25%) of mixed type of deafness and 13 cases (15.13%) of sensorineural type of deafness. This study showed that other ranks (ORs) families (45%) were commonest group of people. This study also revealed that Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) (39%) was the commonest cause of hearing loss.
Conclusion: This study denoted that commonest type of hearing loss was conductive type, commonest degree of hearing loss was mild degree and commonest causes of hearing losses were CSOM and otitis media with effusion (OME). Since, these conditions are preventable. So, appropriate measures can prevent hearing impairment in this study group.
Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.12(2) 2016: 30-34
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Wandji Takemegni, Merlin Jonas, Assob Nguedia Jules clement, Ateudjieu Jérôme, Enow Orock George, Mbopi-Keou Francois-Xavier, and Ngowe Ngowe Marcelin. "Pattern of antibiotics resistance and phenotypic characterization of Multidrug resistant bacteria isolates in four hospitals of Littoral region, Cameroon." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 11, no. 1-s (February 15, 2021): 20–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v11i1-s.4700.
Full textAbstract:
Objective: To describe the pattern of antibiotics resistance and phenotypic characterization of Multidrug resistant bacteria isolates in four hospitals of Littoral region, Cameroon.
Methods: We conducted a descriptive hospital based cross-sectional study from December 2018 to May 2019. A simple random sampling was used to swap 10 selected equipment and 10 materials in the mornings after disinfection but before the start of work in seven units. After inoculation in four agar media consecutively (Eosine Metyleine blue, Cled, Manitol salt agar and blood agar ) and incubated in appropriate conditions, the Kirby-Bauer disk-diffusion method was used for antimicrobial susceptibility test.
Results: Among 50.4% (119/236) showed positive bacteria growth, a total of 89 (13 species), predominant bacteria and those more likely to cause nosocomial infections were selected and tested each one to 18 antibiotics. There was high level of resistance to Penicillin (amoxicillin (77.5%) and Oxacillin (76.4%)), followed by 3G Cephalosporine (Ceftazidime (74.2%)) and Monobactam (Aztreonam (70.8%)). Although the least level of resistance was observed in Carbapenem (imipenem (5.6%)). The overall prevalence of MDRB was 62.9% (56/89). MRSA were the mostly detected 57.5 % (30/89), followed by ESBL 10.1% (9/89). Military hospital of Douala and Emergency unit was the MDRBs dominantly contaminated area respectively 39.3% (22/56) and 17.9% (10/56).
Conclusion: MDRB occurred to be a current public health problem as well as hospital surfaces are worrying reservoir that can be spread to patient, health professionals and visitors.
Keywords: Antibiotic resistance, susceptibility test, multidrug-resistant bacteria, Hospital facilities, Units, Littoral Region-Cameroon
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Lopes, Letícia Ferreira, and Maiara Garcia Orlandini. "Curdas na Guerra Civil Síria." Sur le journalisme, About journalism, Sobre jornalismo 11, no. 1 (June 13, 2022): 32–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.25200/slj.v11.n1.2022.475.
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PT. O artigo consiste em uma análise da cobertura jornalística de veículos de comunicação brasileiros sobre a Guerra Civil Síria, com foco na atuação da Yekineyên Parastina Jinê (Unidade de Defesa das Mulheres), conhecida como YPJ. A organização militar que se apresenta como objeto de estudo deste artigo é composta apenas por mulheres curdas com foco em defesa de ataques do governo sírio e do Estado Islâmico. O grupo busca empoderar mulheres, defendendo a igualdade de gênero, especialmente no que diz respeito à elaboração e execução de tarefas militares. Levando em conta as ações inovadoras da YPJ na Guerra Civil Síria junto à problemática dos produtos de mídia ainda presentes no nosso país, este trabalho procurou responder qual o foco das coberturas jornalísticas nacionais sobre as combatentes da YPJ. A partir de uma coleta realizada por meio do Google Notícias, chegamos há setenta notícias online sobre a YPJ, as quais foram analisadas sob a ótica do enquadramento multimodal (Wozniak et al, 2014) e da análise de conteúdo (Bardin, 2011; Krippendorff, 2004). Os operadores analíticos foram desenvolvidas exclusivamente para este trabalho e consideram três eixos, sendo eles: (1) manchete, (2) conteúdo visual e (3) conteúdo textual. Os achados de pesquisas apontam que as matérias brasileiras sobre a atuação da YPJ na Guerra Civil Síria são (i) marcadas por abordagens ligadas às questões bélicas sem aspectos diplomáticos e pela (ii) falta do protagonismo feminino nos enquadramentos midiáticos. A análise também revelou como a cobertura brasileira sobre a YPJ na Guerra Civil Síria é simplista no que tange à guerra, pois não se ateve às explicações pertinentes sobre o conflito, ou as questões atreladas à gênero, uma vez que não ofereceu espaço para que problematizações importantes sobre os feitios e condições de vida das combatentes fossem divulgados.
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EN. The article provides an analysis of the journalistic coverage of Brazilian media outlets about the Syrian Civil War, with focus on the performance of Yekineyên Parastina Jinê (Women's Defense Unit), known as YPJ. The military organization that is presented as the object of study of this article is composed only of Kurdish women focused on defending attacks by the Syrian government and the Islamic State. The group seeks to empower women by advocating gender equality, especially concerning the design and execution of military tasks. Taking into account the YPJ's innovative actions in the Syrian Civil War along with the problem of media products still present in our country, this work sought to answer the focus of national journalistic coverage on YPJ fighters. From a collection carried out through Google News, there is seventy online news about the YPJ, which were analyzed from the perspective of the multimodal framework (Wozniak et al, 2014) and content analysis (Bardin, 2011; Krippendorff, 2004). The analytical operators were developed exclusively for this work and consider three axes, namely: (1) headline, (2) visual content, and (3) textual content. Research findings indicate that Brazilian articles on the role of the YPJ in the Syrian Civil War are (i) marked by approaches linked to war issues without diplomatic aspects and by (ii) the lack of female protagonists in the media frameworks. The analysis reveals how the Brazilian coverage of YPJ in the Syrian Civil War has a shallow character both in terms of war, as it did not stick to the pertinent explanations about the conflict, as to gender, since it did not offer space for important problematizations about the characteristics and living conditions of the combatants were made public.
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FR. L'article présente une analyse de la couverture par les médias brésiliens de la guerre civile syrienne, en se penchant sur l’action de la Yekineyên Parastina Jinê (Unité de défense des femmes), connue sous l’acronyme YPJ. Cette organisation militaire, objet de l’étude, est composée exclusivement de femmes kurdes engagées à défendre la population contre les assauts du gouvernement syrien et de l'État islamique. Ce groupe a pour but d’autonomiser les femmes, en prônant l'égalité des genres, notamment en termes de conception et d'exécution des tâches militaires. En se penchant sur les actions innovantes de la YPJ dans la guerre civile syrienne ainsi que sur la problématique des produits médiatiques au Brésil, il s’agit ici de comprendre quel aspect est mis en relief par les couvertures médiatiques brésiliennes sur les combattantes de la YPJ. Le corpus, constitué de soixante-dix articles d'actualité en ligne sur la YPJ, recueillis sur le site Google News, a été analysé sous l'angle du cadrage multimodal (Wozniak et al, 2014) et de l'analyse de contenu (Bardin, 2011 ; Krippendorff, 2004). Les opérateurs analytiques, définis exclusivement pour ce travail, considèrent les données sous trois angles : (1) les gros-titres, (2) le contenu visuel et (3) le contenu textuel. Les résultats de la recherche indiquent que les articles de presse brésiliens sur les actions de la YPJ dans la guerre civile syrienne sont (i) marqués par des approches relatives aux questions de guerre sans tenir compte des aspects diplomatiques et (ii) par l'absence de protagonisme féminin dans les cadrages médiatiques. L'analyse révèle que la couverture brésilienne de la YPJ dans la guerre civile syrienne est superficielle tant sur le plan de la guerre elle-même, car elle ne s'en tient pas aux explications pertinentes sur le conflit, que sur celui du genre, aucun espace n’étant ouvert aux problématisations, pourtant centrales, sur les caractéristiques et les conditions de vie des combattantes.
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Putra, Helmi Perdana. "IMPLEMENTASI PERATURAN PRESIDEN NOMOR 87 TAHUN 2016 TENTANG SATUAN TUGAS SAPU BERSIH PUNGUTAN LIAR DI PROVINSI JAWA TIMUR." dia 17, no. 1 (June 17, 2019): 27–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.30996/dia.v17i1.2873.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACTThe rise of illegal levies that occur in Indonesia has damaged the joint life of society, nation and state. On October 20, 2016, the President issued Peraturan Presiden Nomor 87 Tahun 2016 concerning the Wild Sweeping Clean Sweep Task Force by appointing the Coordinating Minister for Political, Legal and Security Affairs to control and be responsible for the activities of the Wild Sweeping Clean Sweep Task Force. How is Peraturan Presiden Nomor 87 Tahun 2016 concerning the Clean Sweeping Task Force Task Force implemented? What is the Policy Model for the Wild Sweeping Task Force Clean Sweep Task Force? The focus of this research analysis is that good governance actors consist of, first, the state, which is elaborated in the executive, legislative and judiciary branches and the military. Second, civil society, consisting of NGOs, mass organizations, mass media, associations based on professionalism, religious groups and others. And third, economic markets. The three actors of good governance interact with each other and influence each other according to their respective capacities. Analyzed from Peraturan Presiden Nomor 87 Tahun 2016 concerning the Clean Sweeping Task Force on Wild Levies, Policy of East Java Governor Surat Keputusan Gubernur Jawa Timur No. 188/624/kpts/013/2016 concerning the Establishment of the Wild Sweeping Clean Sweep Task Force in East Java and the Guiding Factors for Target, Communication, Resources, Disposition, Bureaucratic Structure, Characteristics of Implementing Institutions, Social, Economic and Political Conditions. The research findings obtained that since the implementation of the activities of the eradication of the Provincial/Regency/City extortion unit up to September 12, 2018, a total of 712 cases were obtained, for law enforcement in the form of arrest operations of 228 suspected suspects, and from both provincial, district , and the City as many as 133 people were caught in the operation caught red-handed.
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Mia, Md Faruk, Arif Ahmed Khan, and Anjana Chakraborty. "Health Care Associated Multidrug Resistant Acinetobacter Infections in a Tertiary Critical Care Center of Dhaka, Bangladesh." Journal of Bangladesh College of Physicians and Surgeons 38, no. 2 (February 27, 2020): 59–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbcps.v38i2.45628.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: Acinetobacter spp, emerged as important pathogen exhibiting increasing antimicrobial resistance. Worldwide, multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter is being established as a significant cause of health-care-associated infections along with their resistant trait.
Methods:This retrospective, cross-sectional study was done in critical care centers (CCC) of Combined Military Hospital (CMH) from May to September 2016. Total 69 patients with infection by Acinetobacter were included in this study. Center for Disease Control (CDC) criteria for selection of nosocomial infection were used. Specimen were inoculated in blood and MacConkey agar, incubated 24 hours at 37°C in aerobic condition and yield in plates were examined. Antibiotic resistance of isolated organisms were observed in Mueller Hinton agar sensitivity media by using Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method.
Results:Among the total 69 (males 27, females 42,) and age range 2-75 years, Acinetobacter infected patients, 31 were from medical, 23 from surgical and 15 were from high dependency unit (HDU). Specimens were tracheal aspirate (24, 34.80%), urine (18, 26.90%), wound swab (12, 17.40%), pus (6, 8.70%), high vaginal swab (6, 8.70%) and bronchoalveolar lavage (3, 4.35%). Empiric antibiotics were given in all, one course of antibiotic was used in one, in others two or more courses were given. In the study, total 17 antibiotics were used for identifying resistance pattern of Acinetobacter isolates. Ceftazidime (91.30%), ceftriaxone (91.30%), amikacin(52.20%), gentamicin (33.33%), cotrimoxazole (50%) and ciprofloxacin (65.22%) were mostly resistant. Colistin appeared as most effective antibiotic with only 7.70% resistance rate.
Conclusion: Acinetobacter, isolated in this study were resistant to most antibiotics. Colistin was the most sensitive one. Multi drug resistance (DR), extended DR and pan DR Acinetobacter organisms are reported worldwide, work on clinical presentation, trends of drug use in particular set up is important to combat the situation of ‘Going out of drug state’.
J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2020; 38(2): 59-63
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Karpchuk, Nataliia. "War Media Reports as a Tool to Counteract in the Media Warfare." Історико-політичні проблеми сучасного світу, no. 40 (December 15, 2019): 93–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.31861/mhpi2019.40.93-100.
Full textAbstract:
In todayʼs information and communication world, information and communication are turning into a non-military means of aggressive influence, and the mass media are becoming a tool of powerful destructive impact in the media warfare, which continues unofficially even in peaceful conditions. Media are capable of disorganizing, disorienting, misinforming, maladapting an object of influence, disrupting his/her mental health, prompting spontaneous, unmotivated, aggressive actions, causing temporary or irreversible changes and self-destruction, subduing his/her consciousness and personality. However, along with the destructive potential of the media, the ideas of peace, tolerance, and peacekeeping rather than the ideas of war can and should be promoted. The article analyzes the ethical requirements for war media reports and the activity of journalists in the war zone. The author believes that in conflict zones, reporters should be guided by the same principles as the work of humanitarian organizations, since correspondents must also stand up for the interests of the victims (whether military or civilian). Their main mission is to disseminate objective information, not to escalate conflict and enmity, but to work for society, to unite citizens around common values.
Keywords: media warfare, war media reports, journalists, information, «hate speech».
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Moskalenko, Olga A., Aleksandr A. Irkhin, and Natalya E. Kabanova. "The Black Sea Region as a Conflict Space in the Discourse of Foreign Think Tanks of 2018–2021." REGIONOLOGY 30, no. 2 (June 30, 2022): 258–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.15507/2413-1407.119.030.202202.258-277.
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Introduction. The strengthening of Russia’s subjectivity in the Black Sea region makes it the center of the Western media and expert-analytical agenda. The authors of the study aim to define the mechanisms of metaphorical construction of the Black Sea region as a space of conflict in the discourse of the Western think tanks. Materials and Methods. The reports of the leading Western think tanks developing the region concept are used as research materials. The methodological basis of the study is a systematic approach that combines the methods of political linguistics and geopolitical analysis and synthesis. The authors use the methods of discourse analysis to interpret the materials of foreign think tanks devoted to the study of the region, and based on the definition of dominant metaphorical models in the discourse of the Black Sea region, consider possible scenarios for the leading actors in the region. Results. The narratives of the leading American, European and British think tanks are considered and the main metaphorical models characterizing the geopolitical processes in the region are highlighted. The American discourse is dominated by the sports metaphor and its subspecies associated with gambling: the region is perceived as a space of competition, but not war, as evidenced by the lack of military metaphor, which, however, appears in the narratives of the European experts. The Black Sea region is a platform, a springboard for the projection of Russian power in the Mediterranean, which is realized through metaphors with the component “aggressive”. For the British, the Black Sea region is metaphorized as a space of information warfare. Discussion and Conclusion. There are two main types of perception of the Black Sea region as a geopolitical unit by the Western think tanks: the American think tanks see it as a space of global competition of the great powers; the Great Britain has made the Black Sea region a platform for a return to the global arena of Global Britain by drawing on the rhetoric of universal values. The materials of the article and the methodology may be useful for information and analytical support of the foreign policy of the Western countries and for design of response from part of Russia under the condition of intensification of contest of the main Black Sea region actors
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Božerocki, Tomaš. "The Significance of the Bernardine Fund in the Study of Historiographical Narratives on Kmicic’s Armia Krajowa Brigade." Knygotyra 74 (July 9, 2020): 96–122. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/knygotyra.2020.74.47.
Full textAbstract:
During World War II, in 1939–1944, there was a Polish armed resistance movement in Eastern Lithuania, which was called Armia Krajowa (Home Army) in the abstract. In researching the activities of Armia Krajowa (AK) in Eastern Lithuania, not only historiography is valuable, but also surviving documents and memoirs, as well as the Bernardine Fund preserved in the Lithuanian Central State Archives. So far, this Fund does not seem to receive much attention from scientists researching the activities of AK in Lithuania, as well as archives compiled by Poles residing in other countries.
Based on the concept of storage medium, the article analyzes the case of the Bernardine Fund in the context of archival research of the Polish diaspora. During the analysis of the documents kept in the Bernardine Fund, it was observed that the said Fund held significant documents that could supplement / replace the existing narrative about Kmicic’s AK partisan brigade. Kmicic’s AK partisan brigade is noteworthy, as it is the first armed AK unit to launch a consistent armed resistance, but so far there are no separate studies dedicated to the activities of this brigade.
The storage medium is the basis of memory communication that gives authenticity to the constructed memory narrative. The Bernardine Fund is a storage medium that originated in the past and reached the present unchanged / slightly changed, and that contains a certain memory narrative about AK. The Bernardine Fund and the documents contained in it are valuable storage media that can help reveal the situation of the residents of Eastern Lithuania during World War II and shed new light on the military activities of AK. In the context of research and preservation of the written heritage of the Polish diaspora, this medium has not yet received the attention of scientists, although the example of the Kmicic’s AK brigade proved that this Fund contains documents that reveal hitherto unknown aspects of AK activities.
A fact turns into an event only when certain groups draw their attention to it, when they give meaning to it and start talking and writing about it, and it begins to be remembered. All significant events are just someone’s creations, created just to justify the present in a way that is convenient for the collective, the political elite, or the heads of state. The case of Kmicic’s brigade has proven that no fact is completely lost. If a fact is not currently updated and used, it does not mean that it will be the case all the time. The documents kept in the Fund reflect that during the formation of the historiographical narrative, the collective memory of the said brigade, part of the events was deliberately omitted in order to give integrity to the narrative being formed.
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Sartoretto, Paola, and Leonardo Custdio. "The production of knowledge in Brazilian social movement families." Journal of Alternative & Community Media 4, no. 2 (July 1, 2019): 60–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/joacm_00049_1.
Full textAbstract:
Analyses of the interplay between media technologies and social movements have been predominantly media-centric, focusing on practices and orientations towards media. Studies looking into communication and media practices within social movements usually have the single social movement as a unit of analysis, overlooking relations and interactions among social movements. We shift the focus to practices and orientations towards media, and to communicative processes among social movement families. The study pays particular attention to communication related to the production and circulation of knowledge. Through the study of the interrelations among three social movements in Brazil, we propose a typology of knowledge constructed and circulated within and among social movements as related to 1) militancy and insurgency, 2) mobilisation dynamics, and 3) framing awareness.
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Pasqualotto, Alessandro C., Paula de Castro Pereira, Daiane F. Dalla Lana, Alexandre V. Schwarzbold, Marco S. Ribeiro, Cezar V. W. Riche, Cristiani Pilati P. Castro, et al. "COVID-19 seroprevalence in military police force, Southern Brazil." PLOS ONE 16, no. 4 (April 22, 2021): e0249672. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249672.
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Background Limited data is available regarding the frequency of COVID-19 in populations that are highly exposed to SARS-CoV-2. In this cross-section study we evaluated COVID-19 seroprevalence in military police forces of 10 major cities in Rio Grande do Sul, South of Brazil. Methods Sampling was randomly performed in clusters, in respect to the number of professionals at service per city and military unit. Research subjects were evaluated on July 23, 2020 (first wave peak in Brazil). Clinical information was obtained, and venous blood was taken for ELISA testing (IgA, and IgG antibodies). Sample size consisted of 1,592 military workers (33.6% of study population). They were mostly man (81.2%) and young (median 34 years-old). Most had been asymptomatic (75.3%) during pandemic, and 27.5% reported close contact with COVID-19 cases (after a median time of 21 days). Antibodies were detected in 3.3% of the participants, mostly IgA (2.7%), and IgG (1.7%). After 3 weeks, 66.7% of IgA and IgG results turned negative, in addition to 78.3% and 100% of borderline IgA and IgG results, respectively. Conclusion The seroprevalence of COVID-19 amongst military police was at least 3.4 higher than the findings of other studies performed in the general population, in the same cities and dates. Most detectable antibodies were of IgA class, which implies recent exposure. Asymptomatic people were more prone to have negative antibody titters in the second run.
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Arul, GS, J. Reynolds, S. DiRusso, A. Scott, S. Bree, P. Templeton, and MJ Midwinter. "Paediatric admissions to the British military hospital at Camp Bastion, Afghanistan." Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England 94, no. 1 (March 2012): 52–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/003588412x13171221499027.
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INTRODUCTION International humanitarian law requires emergency medical support for both military personnel and civilians, including children. Here we present a detailed review of paediatric admissions with the pattern of injury and the resources they consume. METHODS All paediatric admissions to the hospital at Camp Bastion between 1 January and 29 April 2011 were analysed prospectively. Data collected included time and date of admission, patient age and weight, mechanism of injury, extent of wounding, treatment, length of hospital stay and discharge destination. RESULTS Eighty-five children (65 boys and 17 girls, median age: 8 years, median weight: 20kg) were admitted. In 63% of cases the indication for admission was battle related trauma and in 31% non-battle trauma. Of the blast injuries, 51% were due to improvised explosive devices. Non-battle emergencies were mainly due to domestic burns (46%) and road traffic accidents (29%). The most affected anatomical area was the extremities (44% of injuries). Over 30% of patients had critical injuries. Operative intervention was required in 74% of cases. The median time to theatre for all patients was 52 minutes; 3 patients with critical injuries went straight to theatre in a median of 7 minutes. A blood transfusion was required in 27 patients; 6 patients needed a massive transfusion. Computed tomography was performed on 62% of all trauma admissions and 40% of patients went to the intensive care unit. The mean length of stay was 2 days (range: 1–26 days) and there were 7 deaths. CONCLUSIONS Paediatric admissions make up a small but significant part of admissions to the hospital at Camp Bastion. The proportion of serious injuries is very high in comparison with admissions to a UK paediatric emergency department. The concentration of major injuries means that lessons learnt in terms of teamwork, the speed of transfer to theatre and massive transfusion protocols could be applied to UK paediatric practice.
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Harb, Zahera. "Aiming at Liberation: Al-Manar Media Campaigns against the Israeli Occupation of Southern Lebanon (1998–2000)." Middle East Journal of Culture and Communication 2, no. 1 (2009): 51–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187398609x430615.
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AbstractOn May 25, 2000 Israeli forces withdrew from southern Lebanon after 22 years of occupation. The role Hezbollah's media played in achieving liberation has been regarded as significant. Media campaigns were conducted to unite the Lebanese people against their foreign occupier (the Israeli military forces) and in support of the Lebanese resistance in southern Lebanon, mainly Hezbollah's Islamic resistance. This article will look into Hezbollah's media plan and the role Al-Manar TV, affiliated to Hezbollah, played in implementing this media strategy. The article argues that Hezbollah decided to use the media systematically, as one of the tools to achieve liberation of southern Lebanon from Israeli occupation. To illustrate this proposition, the article analyzes Al-Manar journalists' performance during the period starting from 1998 and leading up to May 25, 2000, the day of Liberation. The performance of Al-Manar journalists will be presented and examined in relation to propaganda principles and techniques. This article argues that particular kinds of journalism realize a distinct form of propaganda in the particular context of occupation and resistance – liberation propaganda.
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Pearson, Daniel J., Anit Sharma, Joshua A. Lospinoso, Michael J. Morris, and Edward T. McCann. "Effects of Electrolyte Replacement Protocol Implementation in a Medical Intensive Care Unit." Journal of Intensive Care Medicine 33, no. 10 (November 23, 2016): 574–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0885066616679593.
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Purpose: To evaluate the effects of electrolyte replacement protocol (ERP) implementation in the medical intensive care unit (MICU) setting. We hypothesized that a protocol would reduce the time of replacement dose administration and increase provider satisfaction with the process of electrolyte replacement. Methods: This was a retrospective review of electronic medical record data before and after implementation of a standardized ERP in an 18-bed military tertiary care MICU. Results: Median time from abnormal laboratory result to time of documented dose administration for potassium decreased from 180 to 98 minutes ( P < .01), phosphorus decreased from 190 to 135 minutes ( P < .01), calcium decreased from 95 to 61 minutes ( P < .01), and magnesium decreased from 155 to 149 minutes ( P < .01). Overall, there was a significant reduction in time to electrolyte repletion from 146 to 98 minutes ( P < .01) for all electrolytes. Nursing satisfaction for autonomy, timeliness, effectiveness, and the need to seek orders was all improved ( P < .01), and physicians saved 4.4 minutes/patient/day ( P = .04). Conclusions: Electrolyte replacement protocols can be safely implemented in the MICU and reduce the time from abnormal laboratory result to electrolyte replacement dose administration. They can improve provider satisfaction and reduce physician time with the process of electrolyte replacement.
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Lukanova, Tsonka, Ivelin Takorov, Stefan Simeonovski, Dimitriya Vulcheva, Dimitar Dimitrov, Stefan Arnaudov, Tsvetan Stanimirov, and Mariya Abrasheva. "Postoperative Morbidity and Mortality in Patients with Perioperative SARS-CoV-2 Infection – a Cohort Study." Journal of Endourology and Minimally Invasive Surgery 9, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 59–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.57045/jemis/911121.pp59-66.
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Introduction and objective: Concerning SARS-CoV-2 pandemic strict restrictions were introduced in Bulgaria comparable to other coutries worlwide in terms of elective surgical care with cancellation of all but emergency surgery. The aim of this study is to report results of COVID-19-positive patients in terms of postoperative morbidity and mortality following elective and emergency surgery. Material and methods: We performed a prospective cohort study of patients who underwent elective or emergency surgery at First Clinic of Abdominal Surgery, Military Medical Academy, Sofia between November 11, 2020 and January 11, 2021. For the same period the clinic was remodeled to a combined surgical and therapeutic unit for treatment of COVID-19 patients. Results: Twenty-five patients with SARS-CoV-2 underwent surgery or were postoperatively treated between November 11, 2020 and January 11, 2021 at First Clinic of Abdominal Surgery, Military Medical Academy, Sofia – 15 male and 10 female, median age of 66.2 years (43-95). There were 5 (20%) elective oncological operations and 20 (80%) emergency procedures. Pulmonary complications were registered in 18/25 (72%) of the patients and cardio-vascular – at 3/25 (12%). Postoperative morbidity was 16% - postoperative hemorrhage (n=2), surgical site infection (n=1) and postoperative pancreatic fistula type B (n=1). Eleven patients were admitted to intensive care unit. Early postoperative mortality was 24%. Median age of deceased was 69.5 years (55- 82), 83.33 % males. There was comorbidity in 100 % of lethal cases. The main cause of mortality was COVID-19 associated. Conclusions: A SARS-CoV-2 positive status increases postoperative morbidity and mortality rates in patients undergoing general and oncological operative care. If possible, elective abdominal surgery in COVID-19 patients should be postponed for 4-7 weeks in order to optimize postoperative outcomes. Key words: COVID-19 surgery, morbidity, mortality
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Toman, Emma, A. Beaven, D. N. Naumann, R. W. Myatt, P. J. Parker, and A. R. Kay. "Non-battle injury among repatriated UK armed forces since cessation of combat operations: a prospective observational study." Journal of the Royal Army Medical Corps 164, no. 1 (August 23, 2017): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jramc-2017-000766.
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AimTo describe the mechanisms, burden of injury, inpatient management and rehabilitation requirements of wounded military personnel at the UK Role 4 (R4) facility within the first 12 months following cessation of combat operations in Afghanistan.MethodsAll aeromedical evacuations were recorded prospectively between October 2014 and October 2015. Demographic, logistical and clinical data were derived manually from referring medical unit and patient movement requests in addition to host nation and R4 medical records.ResultsNinety-five patients were repatriated to R4 following traumatic injury: 98.9% (n=94) were male, and median age was 27 years (IQR 25–36 years). The most common mechanisms of injury (MOIs) were sports 26.3% (n=25), falls <2 m 11.6% (n=11) and road traffic collisions 9.8% (n=9). The most common anatomical regions of injury were isolated lower limb 24.1% (n=22), isolated hand 20.0% (n=19) and polytrauma 14.7% (n=14). Median Injury Severity Score was 4 (IQR 4–9), mean 8 (range 1–41). Eleven patients (11.6%) were discharged to rehabilitation units, of whom 7 (63.6%) required neurorehabilitation.ConclusionAlthough service personnel sustain civilian-type injuries, the specific rehabilitation goals and shift in the acute rehabilitation requirements for military personnel must be considered in the absence of enduring combat operations. It is notable that permanent medical downgrading secondary to trauma still occurs outside of warfare. The colocation of civilian major trauma services and R4 has ensured a mutually beneficial partnership that contributes to institutional memory and improves the coordination of patient pathways. The importance of relevant resource allocation, training, support and logistical considerations remain, even during the current scale of military activity overseas.
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McArdle, David Q., David Rasumoff, and John Kolman. "Integration of Emergency Medical Services and Special Weapons and Tactics (SWAT) Teams: The Emergence of the Tactically Trained Medic." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 7, no. 3 (September 1992): 285–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00039650.
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AbstractThe emphasis of training for paramedics that function in the civilian sector in the United States has focused on the management of blunt trauma. The personal risks they face generally are the result of accidents or public health threats. The management of penetrating trauma under the threat of intentional personal harm is a different matter.Law enforcement agencies have responded to the threat of apprehending heavily armed felons by forming special units highly trained in military-style, small-unit tactics. To provide care in this special environment, and support a special weapons and tactics (SWAT) team in fulfilling its mission, there is a requirment for a unique body of knowledge and special skills. (Prehospital care providers with at least emergency medical technician [EMT] skills and SWAT training will be referred to as tactical medics.)
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Markelz, Ana Elizabeth, Alice Barsoumian, and Heather Yun. "Formalization of a Specialty-Specific Military Unique Curriculum: A Joint United States Army and United States Air Force Infectious Disease Fellowship Program." Military Medicine 184, no. 9-10 (February 22, 2019): 509–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/milmed/usz006.
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Abstract Introduction There are many unique aspects to the practice of military Infectious Diseases (ID). San Antonio Uniformed Services Health Consortium Infectious Disease (ID) Fellowship is a combined Army and Air Force active duty program. Program leadership thought ID military unique curriculum (MUC) was well integrated into the program. We sought to verify this assumption to guide the decision to formalize the ID MUC. This study describes our strategy for the refinement and implementation of ID specific MUC, assesses the fellow and faculty response to these changes, and provides an example for other programs to follow. Methods We identified important ID areas through lessons learned from personal military experience, data from the ID Army Knowledge Online e-mail consult service, input from military ID physicians, and the Army and Air Force ID consultants to the Surgeons General. The consultants provided feedback on perceived gaps, appropriateness, and strategy. Due to restrictions in available curricular time, we devised a three-pronged strategy for revision: adapt current curricular practices to include MUC content, develop new learning activities targeted at the key content area, and sustain existing, effective MUC experiences. Learners were assessed by multiple choice question correct answer rate, performance during the simulation exercise, and burn rotation evaluation. Data on correct answer rate were analyzed according to level of training by using Mann–Whitney U test. Program assessment was conducted through anonymous feedback at midyear and end of year program evaluations. Results Twelve military unique ID content areas were identified. Diseases of pandemic potential and blood borne pathogen management were added after consultant input. Five experiences were adapted to include military content: core and noon conference series, simulation exercises, multiple choice quizzes, and infection control essay questions. A burn intensive care unit (ICU) rotation, Transport Isolation System exercise, and tour of trainee health facilities were the new learning activities introduced. The formal tropical medicine course, infection prevention in the deployed environment course, research opportunities and participation in trainee health outbreak investigations were sustained activities. Ten fellows participated in the military-unique spaced-education multiple-choice question series. Twenty-seven questions were attempted 814 times. 50.37% of questions were answered correctly the first time, increasing to 100% correct by the end of the activity. No difference was seen in the initial correct answer rate between the four senior fellows (median 55% [IQR 49.75, 63.25]) and the six first-year fellows (median 44% [IQR 39.25, 53]) (p = 0.114). Six fellows participated in the simulated deployment scenario. No failure of material synthesis was noted during the simulation exercise and all of the fellows satisfied the stated objectives. One fellow successfully completed the piloted burn ICU rotation. Fellows and faculty reported high satisfaction with the new curriculum. Conclusions Military GME programs are required by congress to address the unique aspects of military medicine. Senior fellow knowledge using the spaced interval multiple-choice quizzes did not differ from junior fellow rate, supporting our concern that the ID MUC needed to be enhanced. Enhancement of the MUC experience can be accomplished with minimal increases to curricular and faculty time.
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Guy, R. J., S. Blake, and N. P. J. Cripps. "Restorative Proctocolectomy in UK Servicemen." Journal of The Royal Naval Medical Service 87, no. 3 (March 2001): 154–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jrnms-87-154.
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AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the outcome of restorative proctocolectomy (RPC) in UK Servicemen and to determine the compatibility of this procedure with Service life.PatientsAll Servicemen undergoing restorative proctocolectomy for ulcerative colitis (UC) or familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) up to December 31st 2000 were identified from Service records. Patients were reviewed by direct or telephone interview. Pouch function, military duties, medical category or reasons for discharge from the Service were recorded. Results: Fifteen Servicemen (6 Royal Navy, 6 Army, 3 RAF), mean age 30 years, underwent RPC for UC (14) or FAP (1) with a median follow-up of 74 months. Eight remain in their Service, five of whom carry out full duties and three restricted duties. Of the seven who have left the Services only one was medically unfit to continue due to poor pouch function whilst six left voluntarily to pursue active civilian careers. Fourteen patients have acceptable pouch function; one pouch has been excised for intractable pouchitis.ConclusionsRestorative proctocolectomy is compatible with Service life and most individuals are capable of fulfilling active unrestricted military duties.
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Raju, AVK, S. Saxena, and SS Mohapatra. "In situ grommet and fitness for flying." Indian Journal of Aerospace Medicine 64 (December 14, 2020): 100–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.25259/ijasm_3_2020.
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Introduction: Current policies followed in the country do not permit aircrew to fly with in situ grommet. This paper discusses the aeromedical implications of in situ grommet, assessment of its flying fitness, and the factors which may be considered for possible reflighting of such cases. Case Details: A 19 year old civil pilot developed otitic barotrauma middle ear (right) which was managed with the placement of grommet in the tympanic membrane (TM). He was awarded fitness to fly on removal of grommet and after complete closure of the residual TM perforation. Another case, a 50 year old military pilot, a case of chronic suppurative otitis media (inactive) left ear, after uneventful recovery, was awarded flying medical category initially for in situ grommet and subsequently for single dry perforation TM in the left ear with an waiver from the competent medical authority. Discussion: Insertion of grommet, in cases with middle ear effusion and/or infection following Eustachian tube dysfunction, is a common practice to promote early recovery. However, as per the current policies in India, such aircrew are considered unfit for flying duty. Policies in other countries, military and civil, are mostly silent. This paper recommends the award of flying fitness for aircrew with in situ grommet provided that the clinical condition is stable, there are no complications and hearing is normal. This paper also discusses the award of flying fitness for aircrew with single and uncomplicated TM perforation with normal hearing for a specific type of aircraft.
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Cook, James L., Kylee Rucinski, Cory R. Crecelius, Richard Ma, and James P. Stannard. "Return to Sport After Large Single-Surface, Multisurface, or Bipolar Osteochondral Allograft Transplantation in the Knee Using Shell Grafts." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 9, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 232596712096792. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967120967928.
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Background: Return to sport (RTS) after osteochondral allograft (OCA) transplantation for large unipolar femoral condyle defects has been consistent, but many athletes are affected by more severe lesions. Purpose: To examine outcomes for athletes who have undergone large single-surface, multisurface, or bipolar shell OCA transplantation in the knee. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: Data from a prospective OCA transplantation registry were assessed for athletes who underwent knee transplantation for the first time (primary transplant) between June 2015 and March 2018 for injury or overuse-related articular defects. Inclusion criteria were preinjury Tegner level ≥5 and documented type and level of sport (or elite unit active military duty); in addition, patients were required to have a minimum of 1-year follow-up outcomes, including RTS data. Patient characteristics, surgery type, Tegner level, RTS, patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), compliance with rehabilitation, revisions, and failures were assessed and compared for statistically significant differences. Results: There were 37 included athletes (mean age, 34 years; range, 15-69 years; mean body mass index, 26.2 kg/m2; range, 18-35 kg/m2) who underwent large single-surface (n = 17), multisurface (n = 4), or bipolar (n = 16) OCA transplantation. The highest preinjury median Tegner level was 9 (mean, 7.9 ± 1.7; range, 5-10). At the final follow-up, 25 patients (68%) had returned to sport; 17 (68%) returned to the same or higher level of sport compared with the highest preinjury level. The median time to RTS was 16 months (range, 7-26 months). Elite unit military, competitive collegiate, and competitive high school athletes returned at a significantly higher proportion ( P < .046) than did recreational athletes. For all patients, the Tegner level at the final follow-up (median, 6; mean, 6.1 ± 2.7; range, 1-10) was significantly lower than that at the highest preinjury level ( P = .007). PROMs were significantly improved at the final follow-up compared with preoperative levels and reached or exceeded clinically meaningful differences. OCA revisions were performed in 2 patients (5%), and failures requiring total knee arthroplasty occurred in 2 patients (5%), all of whom were recreational athletes. Noncompliance was documented in 4 athletes (11%) and was 15.5 times more likely ( P = .049) to be associated with failure or a need for revision than for compliant patients. Conclusion: Large single-surface, multisurface, or bipolar shell OCA knee transplantations in athletes resulted in two-thirds of these patients returning to sport at 16 to 24 months after transplantation. Combined, the revision and failure rates were 10%; thus, 90% of patients were considered to have successful 2- to 4-year outcomes with significant improvements in pain and function, even when patients did not RTS.
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Foster, Mark A., Angela E. Taylor, Neil E. Hill, Conor Bentley, Jon Bishop, Lorna C. Gilligan, Fozia Shaheen, et al. "Mapping the Steroid Response to Major Trauma From Injury to Recovery: A Prospective Cohort Study." Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 105, no. 3 (February 26, 2020): 925–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgz302.
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Abstract Context Survival rates after severe injury are improving, but complication rates and outcomes are variable. Objective This cohort study addressed the lack of longitudinal data on the steroid response to major trauma and during recovery. Design We undertook a prospective, observational cohort study from time of injury to 6 months postinjury at a major UK trauma centre and a military rehabilitation unit, studying patients within 24 hours of major trauma (estimated New Injury Severity Score (NISS) > 15). Main outcome measures We measured adrenal and gonadal steroids in serum and 24-hour urine by mass spectrometry, assessed muscle loss by ultrasound and nitrogen excretion, and recorded clinical outcomes (ventilator days, length of hospital stay, opioid use, incidence of organ dysfunction, and sepsis); results were analyzed by generalized mixed-effect linear models. Findings We screened 996 multiple injured adults, approached 106, and recruited 95 eligible patients; 87 survived. We analyzed all male survivors <50 years not treated with steroids (N = 60; median age 27 [interquartile range 24–31] years; median NISS 34 [29–44]). Urinary nitrogen excretion and muscle loss peaked after 1 and 6 weeks, respectively. Serum testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone, and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate decreased immediately after trauma and took 2, 4, and more than 6 months, respectively, to recover; opioid treatment delayed dehydroepiandrosterone recovery in a dose-dependent fashion. Androgens and precursors correlated with SOFA score and probability of sepsis. Conclusion The catabolic response to severe injury was accompanied by acute and sustained androgen suppression. Whether androgen supplementation improves health outcomes after major trauma requires further investigation.
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Levin, Dan, Maoz Zur, Eilat Shinar, Tzadok Moshe, Avishai M. Tsur, Roy Nadler, Mark H. Yazer, et al. "Low-Titer Group O Whole-Blood Resuscitation in the Prehospital Setting in Israel: Review of the First 2.5 Years’ Experience." Transfusion Medicine and Hemotherapy 48, no. 6 (2021): 342–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000519623.
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<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> The Israeli Defense Forces Medical Corps (IDF-MC) implemented the use of low-titer group O whole blood (LTOWB) as the first-choice resuscitation fluid in the IDF airborne Combat Search and Rescue Unit (IDF-CSAR) for aerial evacuation of both military and civilian casualties in June 2018 for injured patients with hemorrhagic shock and at least one of the following: systolic blood pressure <90 mm Hg, heart rate >130 beats/min, deterioration of consciousness without head injury or hemoglobin concentration ≤7 g/dL. <b><i>Method:</i></b> All casualties treated with LTOWB by IDF-CSAR providers from June 2018 to January 2021 were included. Demographic and prehospital treatment data were collected in order to check compliance and adherence to the IDF-MC guidelines. This is a follow-up retrospective report. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Overall, 1,608 LTOWB units were supplied to the IDF-CSAR during the study period. Of these, 33 were transfused to 27 casualties; 17 (69%) with blunt injury, 8 (29.6%) with penetrating injuries, and 1 (3.7%) with gastrointestinal bleeding without trauma. The leading cause of injury was motor vehicle accidents. A total of 23 casualties received 1 unit of LTOWB, 3 received 2 units and 1 patient received 4 units. Two casualties were children. The median heart rate was 120 beats/min, 8 (29.6%) casualties had heart rates >130 beats/min. Median systolic blood pressure was 95 mm Hg, 7 (26%) casualties had blood pressure <90 mm Hg. The median Glasgow Coma Score was 14. No adverse reactions were documented following the administration of LTOWB. 77.8% of patients received LTOWB in adherence to the guidelines. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Appropriate administration of LTOWB has improved over time in IDF-CSAR. Using LTOWB is feasible and simpler than administering packed red blood cells and plasma concurrently. Further efforts are needed to introduce LTOWB in other prehospital and in-hospital scenarios, with an increase in the maximum antibody titer threshold, to meet the expected increase in demand.
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Andreev, Alexander Alexeevich, and Anton Petrovich Ostroushko. "Nikolai Alexandrovich VELYAMINOV – leib-medic, academician of medicine, Professor of the Imperial Military medical Academy (to the 165th of birthday)." Journal of Experimental and Clinical Surgery 13, no. 1 (February 25, 2020): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.18499/2070-478x-2020-13-1-72.
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Nikolai Alexandrovich Velyaminov was born in 1855 in St. Petersburg. He studied at the gymnasiums of Wiesbaden and Warsaw. In 1872 he entered the Moscow University in physics and mathematics, and in 1873 transferred to the faculty of medicine. In 1877 he was sent to the army in the Caucasus. In 1878-1879, Nikolai Alexandrovich became ill with typhus, developing a chronic process in the lungs, which requires long-term treatment abroad. After recovery in the years 1880-1881 N. And. Velyaminov works in Central Asia as a surgeon of the Akhal-Teke expedition, develops a system of medical sorting and evacuation of the wounded, writes "Memories of the surgeon from the Akhal-Teke expedition." In 1883 he received the degree of doctor of medicine and worked as an assistant to Professor K. K. Reyer, lectured on operative surgery in Women's medical courses. In 1884 N. Ah. Velyaminov becomes an assistant to the chief physician and surgeon of the Holy cross community of sisters of mercy. In 1885 he founded the first in Russia authoritative scientific surgical journal "Surgical Bulletin". Since 1887 N. Ah. Velyaminov as a Junior doctor of the life guards of the Preobrazhensky regiment heads the surgical Department in Krasnoselsky hospital, since 1893 works as the Director of the Maximilian hospital in St. Petersburg, since 1894 the senior doctor of the Semenovsky regiment, is appointed the life-physician and honorary surgeon of the Highest Court, and then the senior doctor of the Imperial headquarters. In 1889 he defended his doctoral thesis. In 1894 N. Ah. Velyaminov is elected Professor of the Military medical Academy. In 1896 he designs the device for the first time in St. Petersburg service of "Ambulance", organizing children's sanatoriums. In 1900, Velyaminov was elected an honorary member of the Royal medical College in London, the Chief Commissioner of the Russian red cross society for assistance to the sick and wounded in the far East. In 1905 N. Ah. Velyaminov was awarded the rank of privy Councilor, and in 1907 was awarded the order of St. Anne of the 1st degree. In the same years N. Ah. Velyaminov was the first in Russia to study occupational injuries, insurance of workers and organized the "Bureau of medical examination for workers" (1907). In 1910 1912 N. Ah. Velyaminova works as the head of the Imperial Military medical Academy in St. Petersburg. In 1913, the conference of the Military medical Academy elected him academician of medicine. At the beginning of World war I. Ah. Velyaminov took part in the work of the Main Directorate of the red cross, and from the end of August he was a surgeon-consultant at the Headquarters of the commander-in-Chief to inspect the surgical case in the army. By the beginning of 1917 N. Ah. Velyaminov held many positions: Director of the Mariinsky hospital for the poor, Alexandrinsky women's hospital and Maximilian hospital; Chairman of the Medical Commission for reception in the sanatorium "khalila", the Russian Society for the protection of public health, the Interdepartmental Commission for the revision of medical legislation; Vice-Chairman of the Committee of the Community of the Seaside sanatorium for chronically ill children; editor of the magazines "Surgical archive" and "Hygiene and sanitary Affairs"; inspector of the court medical unit; honorary consultant of the Alexander-Mariinsky hospital and hospital for incoming patients; consultant of the Royal office for the institutions of the Empress Maria Feodorovna, member of the Board of the Community. Kaufman red cross and the Medical Council of the interior Ministry. In 1919-1920 he headed the Department of surgical pathology with desmurgy at the Women's medical Institute. In March 1920, he was offered the post of Chairman of the Commission for the reform of medical education, from which N. Ah. Velyaminov refused. By this time the new government took away the Professor's apartment, and he found refuge in the utility room of the Petrograd hospital named after Peter the Great. N. And. Velyaminov author of over 100 scientific medical works, including 8 monographs. He described thyrotoxic polyarthritis, gave the classification of diseases of the joints and thyroid gland, one of the first pointed to the importance of the endocrine glands in the development of surgical diseases, used phototherapy; opened the first Russian light therapy room. A lot of new N. And. Velyaminov contributed to the doctrine of surgical treatment of bone tuberculosis and abdominal surgery. April 9, 1920 N. Ah. Velyaminov died and was buried at the Volkov cemetery.
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Banks, Michael C., Pooja S. Yesantharao, Lisa C. Smith, Emily h. Werthman, Carrie A. Cox, Vidhi Javia, and Julie Caffrey. "586 Patient Satisfaction for the Use of DVPRS in the Assessment of Pain in the Burn and Surgical ICU." Journal of Burn Care & Research 42, Supplement_1 (April 1, 2021): S144—S145. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jbcr/irab032.236.
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Abstract Introduction The assessment and treatment of pain has become increasingly important in light of the opioid epidemic. Inadequately managed pain can lead to increased risk of psychiatric illness. The numeric rating scale (NRS) is used in most ICUs and only assesses pain intensity. Although it is reliable, valid, and user-friendly, other publications have criticized this one-dimensional pain assessment tools as offering little information about the impact of the pain on the patient’s life. The defense and veterans pain rating scale (DVPRS) is a multi-dimensional tool designed to assess the patient’s pain intensity as well as how the pain interferes with the patient’s general activity, sleep, mood and stress. Studies have shown that it has good validity and reliability in the inpatient and outpatient military population with neuropathic and non-neuropathic pain. The DVPRS has not been evaluated in critical care patients. Thus, this study comparatively investigated ICU patients’ satisfaction with the DVPRS versus the NRS. Methods This was a prospective pilot study performed from September 2018 to July 2019 in a 10 bed burn intensive care unit (BICU) and 10 bed surgical intensive care unit (SICU) at a university teaching hospital. This was an IRB approved study. All enrolled patients were older than 18 years of age and were CAM-ICU negative. The participating staff members were educated on the use of the scales prior to the start of the study. Routine treatment of pain was not altered by the study. Pain was assessed by staff nurses randomly assigned to use the NRS or DVPRS tool. The selected tool was used on admission, during wound care and every 4 hours or upon patient need. The patients completed satisfaction surveys on the day of discharge. Results 42 patients participated and 32 completed the study. 18 patients were in the DVPRS arm and 14 were in the NRS arm. Our primary outcome was patient satisfaction, ranked on a scale from 0–10, where 0 was the lowest score and 10 was the highest. Overall, patients in the DVPRS cohort had higher median satisfaction scores (median score: 10, interquartile range: 8–10) than the NRS cohort (median score: 8, interquartile range 7–9), though this difference did not reach statistical significance (p=0.16). However, DVPRS patients were significantly more likely to be “completely satisfied” than NRS patients (55.6% in DVPRS patients versus 21.4% in NRS patients; p=0.04). Furthermore, upon multivariate logistic analysis adjusting for age, gender, and ICU using the NRS pain scale conferred lower odds of complete satisfaction with pain management (odds ratio: 0.19, p=0.04). Conclusions Our study showed that ICU patients preferred the DVPRS over the NRS. The DVPRS appeared to be as effective as the NRS in pain relief and gave providers more information about patients’ pain.
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Hayward, Sarah, and Elizabeth Fee. "More in Sorrow Than in Anger: The British Nurses' Strike of 1988." International Journal of Health Services 22, no. 3 (July 1992): 397–415. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/ckjc-ugcx-dtfn-w9ak.
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In early 1988 the nurses of Britain's National Health Service reached a peak of frustration. They took unprecedented industrial action to bring the state of nursing, and problems within the Health Service, to the attention of the nation. Throughout the crisis there was acrimonious debate between the Royal College of Nursing, which acts as both a professional association and a negotiating unit and opposed the strike, and the trade unions, which organized it. Their conflict undermined the nurses' solidarity and highlighted deep and complex tensions within the profession. On the day of action, labor withdrawal was widespread but inconsistent. In the end, the nurses made some gains, but most of their concerns were ignored. The government promoted the divisions between nursing unions; the media were critical of the nurses' actions; however, the labor movement supported them, and the British Medical Journal voiced the merits of the nurses' case. The struggle of the British nurses exemplifies issues and dilemmas facing nurses throughout the world. The increasing militancy of nurses in many countries reflects their dissatisfaction with pay, working conditions, and career opportunities. Many nurses are torn between the ideals of professionalism and the realities of their workplace and are ambivalent about the principles of collective bargaining. This article addresses these ambivalences and stresses the need to find creative solutions to match nurses' unique place in the political economy of health care.
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Nasir, Ammad Ud Din, Muhammad Shoaib Khan, Anas Bin Saif, Qasim Butt, and Hanif Abbasi. "AUDIT OF MANAGEMENT OF ADULT CHOLEDOCHAL CYSTS." PAFMJ 71, no. 6 (December 30, 2021): 1997–2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.51253/pafmj.v6i6.4476.
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Objective: To analyze the complexity and diversity of type, surgical management and complications in adult choledochal cysts presenting to a Hepatobiliary unit of a tertiary care hospital.
Study Design: Case series.
Place and Duration of Study: Pak Emirates Military Hospital Rawalpindi, from Jan 2017 to Dec 2019.
Methodology: All the patients diagnosed with choledochal cyst and underwent surgical procedure between Jan 2017 to June 2019 were analyzed. The clinical features, types, operative procedure and outcomes of the patients in terms of post-operative morbidity and mortality were assessed. Calvin Dindo classification was used to assess complications.
Results: A total of 17 patients were studied, out of which, 13 were females (76.5%) and 4 were males (23.5%) with mean age of 37.41 ± 16.96 years. There were 13 type I (76.5%), 2 type IVa (11.8%) and 1 type II (5.9%) choledochal cysts according to Todani’s classification. Extrahepatic cyst excision with a Roux-en-Y hepatico-jejunostomy was performed on all 17 patients. There was no mortality in the series. Post-operative complications occurred in 4 (23.5%) patients, 2 were grade II, 1 was grade I and 1 grade III according to Clavin Dindo scale. Long-term follow up revealed recurrent cholangitis in 3 (17.6%) patients which settled on antibiotic regime. The median follow up time was 1.5 years.
Conclusion: The total extra-hepatic excision with Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy is the treatment of choice for adult choledochal cyst. The procedure has low morbidity and very low mortality.
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Naznin, Colonel Lubna, Susane Giti, Arif Ahmed Khan, Yasmin Akter, Mimi Parvin, and Sarmin Sultana. "Evaluation of Serum Ferritin in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19 as A Potential Biomarker for Assessing COVID-19 Severity." Journal of Bangladesh College of Physicians and Surgeons 39, no. 4 (September 30, 2021): 220–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbcps.v39i4.55942.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has become global pandemic. Proinûammatory mediator, serum ferritin is reported to be elevated significantly by different studies in COVID-19. Our study was aimed to find whether serum ferritin level can be employed as a biomarker to assess the disease severity in COVID-19 cases. Methods: This cross sectional observational study was carried out at Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP), a tertiary referral laboratory between 15 March 2020 and 15 June 2020. Total 2418 hospitalized RT-PCR confirmed COVID- 19 patients from Combined Military Hospital (CMH) were included in our study. Serum ferritin was measured by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay and was compared between the severe and non-severe groups. P-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Total patients were 2418, among them 337 (13.9%) from intensive care unit (ICU) and 2081 (86.1%) from non- ICU. Median age and IQR were 60.5 (51.5–68.0) years in ICU patients versus 38.0 (28-46.1) years in non-ICU patients (p <0.0001). Most (86.8%) patients were males; 82.8% in ICU and 87.5% in non-ICU. Serum ferritin was significantly higher (p<0.0001) in ICU patients; median and IQR was 952.8 (529.9 - 1520.5) ng/mL versus 254.2 (156.1 - 441.9) ng/mL (p <0.0001) in non-ICU patients. Serum ferritin, at cut off value (COV) <550 ng/mL had sensitivity 82.36% and specificity 73.59% for categorization of COVID-19 cases as non-severe. Comparison of proportions of ICU and non-ICU patients was found highly significant (p <0.0001 at 95% confidence interval) with this cut off value. Conclusions: Serum ferritin level was significantly high among COVID-19 patients requiring ICU admission than non-ICU cases. Serum ferritin may be used for categorizing COVID-19 patients. Cut off value 550 ng/mL can be meaningfully used for this categorization, above which should be considered severe and need more careful monitoring. J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2021; 39: 220-224
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Schauer, Steven Gremel, Andrew Fisher, James Bynum, and Andrew P. Cap. "Defining the Super Massive Transfusion in US and Coalition Forces during Combat Operations in Afghanistan and Iraq." Blood 136, Supplement 1 (November 5, 2020): 5–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2020-143199.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: Hemorrhage is the leading cause of potentially preventable death on the battlefield. After hemorrhage control, the resuscitation with blood products is essential to restore circulating volume and prevent coagulopathy. While massive transfusion (MT) occurs frequently after major trauma, it remains unclear who the subset of casualties is that define a super massive transfusion which would require mobilization of additional resources. We seek to determine what defines a super MT as this would help allocate resources. Methods: This is a secondary analysis of a previously described dataset from the Department of Defense Trauma Registry. In this analysis, we isolated US and Coalition casualties that received at least 1 unit of packed red cells or whole blood. To describe the super MT, we sought the top quartile of total products administered within the first 24 hours. Results: Out of the 28222 casualties within our dataset, we identified 2204 US military and 498 Coalition that met inclusion for this analysis. The median number of total products administered within the first 24 hours was 16 with 39 total product units at the 75th percentile, which included 691 casualties. Of those in the super MT group, their median injury severity score was higher (29 versus 18, p<0.001), they were most frequently injured by explosive (84% versus 69%, p<0.001), they had a higher mean emergency department pulse (116 versus 103, p<0.001), lower mean systolic 109 versus 122, p<0.001), and higher mean international normalized ratio (1.53 versus 1.28, p<0.001). They more frequently had serious injuries to the thorax (29% versus 22%, p<0.001), abdomen (32% versus 17%, p<0.001), and extremities (85% versus 64%, p<0.001). Super MT was associated with worse survival (86% versus 92%, p<0.001). Conclusions: In our dataset, we identified the top 25th percentile of total product administration within the first 24 hours at 39 total product units. More data is needed to define this population early in their clinical course to better mobile resources early when needed. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.