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Journal articles on the topic 'Military - Nuclear Warfare'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 27 July 2025

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1

Gallagher, Mark, and Michael Cevallos. "Nuclear warfare beyond counterforce." Journal of Military Studies 10, no. 1 (2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jms-2021-0012.

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Abstract A counterforce attack intends to disable an opponent's nuclear arsenal to limit potential damage from that adversary. We postulate a future when hardening and deeply burying fixed sites, transition to mobile strategic systems, and improved defences make executing a counterforce strategy against an adversary's nuclear forces extremely difficult. Additionally, our postulated future has multiple nations possessing nuclear weapons. Consequently, each country needs to consider multiple actors when addressing the question of how to deter a potential adversary's nuclear attack. We examine si

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2

Ihtisham, Muhammad. ""US-India military nexus and implications for Pakistan's security"." Social Sciences Spectrum 4, no. 1 (2024): 30–42. https://doi.org/10.71085/sss.04.01.199.

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This article focuses on the evolving India-US military nexus and its impact on Pakistan's security. Using theoretical frameworks of realism, it explains how this partnership has bolstered India's military capabilities, posed significant security threats to Pakistan, and enhanced India's capability for proxy warfare. These developments have created a precarious security environment for Pakistan, contributing to a regional security dilemma and supporting India's emergence as a regional hegemon. The analysis highlights the role of advanced defense agreements, technology transfers, and joint milit

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Suh, Chungsoon, and Hakmin Kim. "Cognitive Warfare Study." Korea Research Institute for Strategy 31, no. 2 (2024): 345–82. https://doi.org/10.46226/jss.2024.7.31.2.345.

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Russia's annexation of the Crimea Peninsula in 2014 and the Russia-Ukraine War, which began in 2022, heralded the emergence of cognitive warfare, a new way of war such as the continuation of traditional military threats, expansion of non-kinetic conflicts, and struggle against human psychological domain, and research is actively being conducted in connection with brain science and neuroscience, focusing on NATO, the United States, China, and Russia. Although cognitive warfare is a new concept that was not present in existing military theory, there is a consensus to recognize cognitive domain a

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4

Volovoj, Vadim. "FUTUROLOGY OF WARFARE – FROM LAND TO SPACE." Ante Portas - Studia nad bezpieczeństwem 1(14)/2020, no. 1(14)/2020 (2020): 123–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.33674/320198.

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Mankind is very close to the next revolution in military affairs. Hypersonic missiles exist already. Robots and even cyborgs in perspective can enter the reality from the movies. However, it is not clear if people are ready for such changes. Do politicians, generals and scientists understand all legal and humanitarian consequences of the coming military transformation? At the same time ‘Race in Space’ among the ‘Big States’ begins. Yet, it does not seem to change the global balance of power. But the weapon that will be able to neutralize any nuclear attack can.

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Sanders, Daan, and Jan Hoffenaar. "Going Nuclear, but How? The Netherlands Army and Tactical Nuclear Warfare in Europe, 1953–1968." International Journal of Military History and Historiography 42, no. 2 (2021): 378–412. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24683302-bja10019.

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Abstract In the historiography of nuclear arms in the Cold War the political and military strategic levels are dominant; little attention has been paid to the sub-strategic levels. This is understandable, because most archival material has been destroyed or is still classified. However, it is also remarkable because tactical nuclear weapons (tnw) were a crucial element in nato strategies and because all nato forces had to prepare, down to the lowest levels, to fight a war by nuclear means. Based on previously unused archives, this article analyses how the Dutch army, as an army of a small nato

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Green, Brendan Rittenhouse, and Caitlin Talmadge. "Then What? Assessing the Military Implications of Chinese Control of Taiwan." International Security 47, no. 1 (2022): 7–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/isec_a_00437.

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Abstract The military implications of Chinese control of Taiwan are understudied. Chinese control of Taiwan would likely improve the military balance in China's favor because of reunification's positive impact on Chinese submarine warfare and ocean surveillance capabilities. Basing Chinese submarine warfare assets on Taiwan would increase the vulnerability of U.S. surface forces to attack during a crisis, reduce the attrition rate of Chinese submarines during a war, and likely increase the number of submarine attack opportunities against U.S. surface combatants. Furthermore, placing hydrophone

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7

Khan, Abdul Moiz. "Cyberwarfare and New Pathways of Nuclear Escalation: Implications for South Asia." Journal of Security & Strategic Analyses 10, no. 2 (2024): 135–49. https://doi.org/10.57169/jssa.0010.02.0322.

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Offensive use of cyber capabilities against critical infrastructure of a state can increase the risks of nuclear escalation, especially in the absence of any norms of behaviour in the cyberspace. The advent of dangerous and undefined pathways of escalation, because of cyberweapons, can further increase the risk of inadvertent and accidental use of nuclear weapons. This paper attempts to explore how cyberattacks increase the risks of escalation in modern warfare?” The capability of cyberattacks to inflict damage in kinetic domain can have both escalatory and de-escalatory implications in a conf

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8

Kwon, Young-ho, and Byung-ok Kihl. "US-China’s Revolution in Military Affairs(RMA) Competition and Implications for Korea's RMA." Korea Research Institute for Strategy 31, no. 3 (2024): 65–103. https://doi.org/10.46226/jss.2024.11.31.3.65.

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Global security instability is intensifying as military competition between the United States and China, which are challenging to maintain hegemony in the Pacific region, intensifies. The formation of a confrontational structure between South Korea, the United States and Japan-North Korea, China and Russia in Northeast Asia, the expansion of China and Japan's military power, close military cooperation between North Korea and Russia, and the promotion of North Korean nuclear missiles are increasing security concerns in South Korea. the South Korean military is required to make revolution of mil

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9

Wibisono, Makarim. "Nuclear Energy for Everyone, Nuclear Weapons for No-One." Jurnal Global & Strategis 10, no. 1 (2017): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jgs.10.1.2016.109-124.

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The article explores the complicated nature of non-proliferation of nuclear weapons even though from the military, ethical and legal perspective, the destructiveness, immorality and illegality of the current situation cannot be perpetuated. Some of the nuclear-weapon states, however, have consistently refused to agree to any approach under multilateral auspices for the abolition of nuclear weapons. Rather, attention has been deflected to the horizontal proliferation of nuclear weapons, while the equally urgent task of complying with the legal obligation of implementing Article VI of the Non-Pr

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10

Bashir, Hira, Wajiha Zarish, and Rimsha Malik. "The Role of AI in Hybrid Warfare: A Case Study of Pakistan's Cybersecurity Landscape." Global Strategic & Securities Studies Review IX, no. I (2024): 86–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gsssr.2024(ix-i).08.

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Technological advancements driven by artificial intelligence (AI) impact social, economic, and military sectors. This research paper explores the relationship between AI and cybersecurity in hybrid warfare. While AI boosts economic development and social betterment, its militarization poses significant risks, especially in asymmetric warfare, where AI-guided attacks can undermine targeted states' economies, infrastructure, and institutions. The paper emphasizes the role of neural network technologies in cyber operations and defense strategies. The absence of legal norms for AI in military acti

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11

Zweibelson, Ben. "Breaking the Newtonian Fetish: Conceptualizing War Differently for a Changing World." Journal of Advanced Military Studies 15, no. 1 (2024): 153–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.21140/mcuj.20231501009.

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Explaining what a military’s social paradigm concerning conflict and war is requires a theoretical approach to both frame the core constructs and offer feasible alternatives. This article introduces social paradigm theory for military application and how most modern, technologically advanced militaries sustain a Newtonian-styled worldview concerning warfare and what constitutes war. The Newtonian-styled war paradigm gained prominence during the last five centuries, yet is now becoming increasingly insufficient and possibly irrelevant. The integration of ever-increasingly sophisticated artifici

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BALMUȘ, Cătălin, Ioan CRAMAR, and Andreea-Alexandra CRAMAR. "THE IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGY ON WARFARE." INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERINCE "STRATEGIESXXI" 18, no. 1 (2022): 171–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.53477/2971-8813-22-20.

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Over human history, war has been documented since people tend to conflict over territories and control of resources. Over centuries, was became an integral element in demonstrating strength and poweramong states and plays a significant role in the international system. The paper looks into the impact of technology on warfare by focusing on elements like autonomous vehicles, ethical conflicts posed by autonomous vehicles, the proliferation of war and human suffering, and stealth technology and aerial combat. Technologyplays a significant role in modern warfare due to new approaches to making, m

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13

Ayesha Abrar. "Nuclear Deterrence in the Cyber Age: Intricacies and Prospects." sjesr 7, no. 2 (2024): 1–7. https://doi.org/10.36902/sjesr-vol7-iss2-2024(1-7).

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Nuclear deterrence is confronting unprecedented challenges in the contemporary era, particularly with the emergence of cyber warfare. As the world becomes increasingly dependent on digital technologies, the intersection of cyber and nuclear domains will have significant implications for global security. Nonetheless, prominent theorists, policymakers, and military strategists are attempting to reconsider its application in a post-Internet and cyber-ready world. There exists a C4ISR vulnerability to attacks on adversary command and control systems. Nuclear deterrence and cyber warfare are separa

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14

Journal, of Academic Research for Humanities. "AI AND MODERN WARFARE: OPPORTUNITIES AND RISKS IN SOUTH ASIA." International Journal of Academic Research for Humanities 4, no. 3 (2024): 1–10. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11253463.

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This study investigates the impacts of AI in modern warfare, focusing on its opportunities and risks. The military has access to a revolutionary tool in artificial intelligence. To top it all off, it lets the military operate with a great deal of independence. Several countries have recently taken a more aggressive stance in response to the increasing militarisation of AI. The militarisation of AI means that by using advanced measures, one can affect the regional security of its opponents. Using 5G- warfare and impactful espionage, the opponent’s sovereignty can be breached. State securi

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15

Ashraf, Ms Nageen, and Dr Saima Ashraf Kayani. "INDIA'S CYBER WARFARE CAPABILITIES: REPERCUSSIONS FOR PAKISTAN'S NATIONAL SECURITY." NDU Journal 37 (May 23, 2023): 34–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.54690/ndujournal.37.152.

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Cyber warfare refers to a state's ability to penetrate another state's digital systems to cause disruption. Cyber warfare has emerged as the fifth operational warfighting domain. India has been strengthening its cyber warfare capabilities for a long time, which can seriously affect Pakistan. Considering the theoretical constructs of Barry Buzan and Ole Waever regarding the broader concept of security, this paper aims to highlight the possible threats and security challenges that India's cyberspace can pose to Pakistan's national security. The paper argues that India has acquired a robust cyber

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16

Zwigenberg, Ran. "Healing a Sick World: Psychiatric Medicine and the Atomic Age." Medical History 62, no. 1 (2017): 27–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/mdh.2017.75.

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The onset of nuclear warfare in Hiroshima and Nagasaki had far-reaching implications for the world of medicine. The study of the A-bomb and its implications led to the launching of new fields and avenues of research, most notably in genetics and radiation studies. Far less understood and under-studied was the impact of nuclear research on psychiatric medicine. Psychological research, however, was a major focus of post-war military and civilian research into the bomb. This research and the perceived revolutionary impact of atomic energy and warfare on society, this paper argues, played an impor

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Harhoff, Frederick. "Sécurité et politiques de l’Arctique : une perspective groenlandaise." Études internationales 20, no. 1 (2005): 45–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/702459ar.

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The development through the past two decades has shown increasing military and political tensions in, and a corresponding military structuralization of the Arctic, partly because of the fact that Arctic waters of both super-powers are geographically adjacent in this region, and partly because new warfare technology, notably with nuclear powered and armed submarines, has facilitated advanced missile launching opportunities in Arctic waters. The article outlines the legal and political structure of the Greenland Home Rule and argues that the Home Rule should have a decisive say in security polic

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18

Author, Amjad Mahmood and Adil Sultan. "Impact of India’s ISR Capabilities on South Asian Security Dynamics." Strategic Studies 41, no. 4 (2022): 17–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.53532/ss.041.04.0040.

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Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance (ISR) capabilities have grown exponentially over the past two decades. Almost all major powers are building their ISR potential for commercial and military purposes which has provided incentive for the other emerging powers such as India to follow suit and develop its own cross-domain ISR network. This is likely to adversely impact South Asian security environment where India and Pakistan, the two nuclear armed states, remain embroiled in a military competition and have experienced several serious military crises over the past many years. Acquisiti

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19

Bartosh, A. A. "Diplomacy of deterrence and escalation in the global hybrid war." Diplomaticheskaja sluzhba (Diplomatic Service), no. 3 (June 3, 2025): 216–33. https://doi.org/10.33920/vne-01-2503-01.

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The article assesses the areas for improving the current nuclear doctrine of Russia in order to ensure its compliance with the realities of the 21st century, the nature and strategies of modern military conflicts. The author emphasizes the timeliness of the decision to improve approaches to deterrence and escalation of military conflicts, a significant part of which is developing within the framework of the World Hybrid War, the strategy of which is based on the coordinated use of its tools: information and psychological warfare, color revolution and proxy war. It is noted that the steps of th

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20

Ahmad, Nouman, Abdul Haseeb, and Asma Asma. "Indian Hybrid Warfare since 2008: Impacts on Pakistan Security." Scandic Journal Of Advanced Research And Reviews 3, no. 2 (2022): 040–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.55966/sjarr.2022.3.2.0052.

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The study aims to highlight the Indian Hybrid Warfare, post 2008 Mumbai attack and its likely impact on Pakistan Security. The study succeeds in the Exploratory, Descriptive, and Predictive data analysis approaches. Both primary and secondary data was used to elaborate different aspects of the entire study. This study conducted Structured Interviews of Pakistani, Indian and Western retired military officers, diplomats, academicians with expertise in strategic studies. Hybrid warfare is not a new thing but it comes from centuries like a strategy and comes out with different perspectives. We kno

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Bartosh, A. A. "Militarization of containment policy." Diplomaticheskaja sluzhba (Diplomatic Service), no. 4 (August 8, 2024): 287–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/vne-01-2404-01.

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The author makes an attempt to explore the interdependence between military and nonforce forms and methods of imposing one’s will on the enemy in the process of escalating military conflicts of our time. Important attention is paid to comparing the likely results of the use of tactical nuclear weapons as a tool of deterrence and hybrid warfare technologies as a new type of interstate confrontation. It is shown that hybrid warfare is a powerful means of infl uencing the enemy when solving complex problems of ensuring national security and turns into the most important factor in political and di

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HUSSON, Edouard. "It is Time to Comprehend Vladimir Putin's "Hypersonic Strategy"." Perspectives and prospects. E-journal, no. 2 (2022): 49–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.32726/2411-3417-2022-2-49-61.

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Western experts and media fail to decrypt the revolutionary military strategy of the Russian army in Ukraine. The West should move out of entrenched positions, analyze its own wars it has waged over the past three decades and observe what is really happening in order to perceive the Russian invasion of Ukraine as it actually is. The article presents an unbiased analysis of the first phase of Russia's military operation, from late February through most of March 2022. The author concludes that the new Russian art of warfare is based on a global multifaceted "hybrid" strategy encompassing nuclear

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Babar, Summar Iqbal, and Muhammad Nadeem Mirza. "The Indian Hybrid Warfare Strategy: Implications for Pakistan." Progressive Research Journal of Arts & Humanities (PRJAH) 2, no. 1 (2021): 39–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.51872/prjah.vol2.iss1.22.

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War spins the wheels of history. It changes societies, alters lives, and brings about new dimensions to inflict more brutality on human beings. This is what happened in the aftermath of World War II, when the advent of the nuclear weapons set about a chapter of sophisticated and lethal warfare. Conventional war between the great powers has since been antiquated. It only puts to display the apparent capabilities of the adversary so that deterrence remains intact. War has now become multilevel and multi-dimensional. In such a case hybrid warfare strategy comes to play - which falls under the thi

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Alam, Syed Aftab. "ADOPTION OF AI IN WARFARE: COMPARATIVE STUDY OF INDIA AND PAKISTAN." International Journal of Academic Research for Humanities 4, no. 2 (2024): 70–85. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11216736.

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  This study investigates how AI has impacted South Asian military strategy, concentrating on nuclear-armed India and Pakistan. The shift from deterrence to AI-driven military operations threatens regional security. The basic objectives of this study were: to explore the nature of arriving AI technology in the modern warfare domain and to assess the ongoing defense tendencies in terms of global alliances of India and Pakistan in the field of AI technology<strong>. </strong>These two countries have been engaging in realistic endeavors and with the militarization of AI, their relationships

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Ladwig, Walter C. "A Cold Start for Hot Wars? The Indian Army's New Limited War Doctrine." International Security 32, no. 3 (2008): 158–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/isec.2008.32.3.158.

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In response to the perceived inability of the Indian military to leverage its conventional superiority to end Pakistan's “proxy war” in Kashmir, the Indian Army announced a new offensive doctrine in 2004 intended to allow it to mobilize quickly and undertake limited retaliatory attacks on its neighbor, without crossing Pakistan's nuclear threshold. This Cold Start doctrine marks a break with the fundamentally defensive military doctrines that India has employed since gaining independence in 1947. Requiring combined arms operating jointly with the Indian Air Force, Cold Start represents a signi

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Reuter, Christian, Jürgen Altmann, Malte Göttsche, and Mirko Himmel. "Natural Science and Technical Peace Research: Definition, History, and Current Work." Sicherheit & Frieden 38, no. 1 (2020): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/0175-274x-2020-1-1.

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Scientific discoveries and technological innovations have always exerted a great influence on peace and security. New civil and military technologies are revolutionizing warfare. Particularly striking areas are cyber warfare and the rapid development of uninhabited weapon systems. Issues of nuclear disarmament, missile defence or space armament as well as chemical and biological weapons remain urgent. The conference SCIENCE · PEACE · SECURITY ’19 aimed for an accurate understanding and fruitful discussions of today’s and tomorrow’s peace and security challenges. This includes natural science/t

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Metelkov, Alexander N. "Understanding the legality of nuclear facility shelling in contemporary legal scholarship." Vestnik of Kostroma State University 29, no. 1 (2023): 171–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.34216/1998-0817-2023-29-1-171-180.

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The potential for shelling and attacking nuclear power plants for the first time became an extremely dangerous reality in 2022. What is the purpose of this article, is legal-theoretical analysis of nuclear power plants shelling that would be state-sanctioned and unequivocally threaten world peace and global security, as well as the state and society; it is an analysis based on an interpretation of the sources of positive law. The threats of nuclear catastrophe, which may result from warfare and terrorist acts, loom over the state, society and the planet's radiation balance, creating the potent

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Buriachenko, Oleksii. "THE RUSSIAN-UKRAINIAN WAR AS A NEW TYPE OF POSTMODERN WAR AND A FACTOR IN GLOBAL TRANSFORMATIONS OF THE GEOPOLITICAL LANDSCAPE." Baltic Journal of Legal and Social Sciences, no. 3 (October 17, 2024): 192–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/2592-8813-2024-3-20.

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The article is devoted to the issue of the Russian-Ukrainian war as a new type of postmodern warfare that has become a factor in global transformations of the geopolitical landscape. For an objective understanding of this statement, the author aims to thoroughly investigate this issue. The author also aims to analyse the Russian-Ukrainian war in the context of its impact on the international security system. The study allows the author to conclude that the problem and danger of postmodern warfare is that it is difficult to predict due to its complexity, as it covers and targets the political,

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Wynnie Yusi Feng. "The Legal Boundaries of Cyber Warfare." Scientific Journal Of Humanities and Social Sciences 7, no. 7 (2025): 154–60. https://doi.org/10.54691/wn8ffm76.

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Although cyber operations have emerged as a key weapon in contemporary state conflicts, it is still unclear which legal frameworks apply to them. Cyberwarfare is not specifically addressed by traditional international law, such as the United Nations Charter, which was created with traditional military force in mind. Consequently, a large number of cyberattacks that actually cause harm fall into grey areas. This paper identifies the primary legal and practical issues while investigates the application of international law to cyber operations. It looks at three theories—the tool theory, the targ

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Salminen, Mirva, and Aki-Mauri Huhtinen. "The Comprehensive Approach as a Strategic Design to Run the Military-Industrial Complex in Operations." International Journal of Cyber Warfare and Terrorism 2, no. 2 (2012): 22–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijcwt.2012040103.

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How to steer military actions that are concurrent both in the real world and in virtual networks? After the great wars of the 20th century and the Cold War with the threat of nuclear warfare, the information revolution, as well as the emergence of new wars and global threats, has led to an increasingly complex security space of the 21st century. A corner of this space is occupied by private military and security contractors that have been introduced to the wide public as previously undetected actors operating in conflict zones. These developments have required the re-thinking of military organ

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Aas, Pål. "Future Considerations for the Medical Management of Nerve-Agent Intoxication." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 18, no. 3 (2003): 208–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00001072.

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AbstractThe use of chemical warfare agents against civilians and unprotected troops in international conflicts or by terrorists against civilians is considered to be a real threat, particularly following the terrorist attacks on 11 September 2001 against the World Trade Center in New York and against the Pentagon in Washington, DC. Over the past 10 years, terrorists have been planning to use or have used chemical warfare agents on several occasions around the world, and the attacks in 2001 illustrate their willingness to use any means of warfare to cause death and destruction among civilians.

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Rebentisch, Ernst. "Controversies about Disaster Medicine and Nuclear War." Journal of the World Association for Emergency and Disaster Medicine 1, no. 1 (1985): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00032490.

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The German Association for Disaster Medicine published the following declaration for physicians, citizens and governments (J. German Physicians, June 24, 1983, pg. 39): “Disaster medicine defines as the limit of its applicability situations in which violence and the dimension of destruction will make every systematic and organized aid impossible; this would be the case in a nuclear war.” This explanation would show the right way to act for those who reject disaster medicine, as they consider it an alleged preparation for nuclear war — i.e., some members of the peace movement. This declaration

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БАРАННИКОВА, Анастасия Олеговна. "Ядерная стратегия КНДР и готовность к применению ядерного оружия". Известия Восточного института, № 2 (28 червня 2024): 71–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.24866/2542-1611/2024-2/71-84.

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Active efforts by both countries on the Korean Peninsula to build up military capabilities over recent years have increased the conflict potential of Northeast Asia and raised the possibility of conflict, including one involvingnuclear weapons use. In connection with the nuclear status and perception of the DPRK in the expert community, especially in the West, it is customary to speculate about the outbreak of the conflict on its initiative. However, the intentions of the DPRK leadership and readiness to use nuclear weapons should be assessed not on the basis of official rhetoric, which is par

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Savu, Ana. "INTRODUCTORY STUDY ON THE INTERNATIONAL HUMANITARIAN LAW APPLICABLE TO ARMED CONFLICTS AT SEA." STRATEGIES XXI - Security and Defense Faculty 17, no. 1 (2021): 179–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.53477/2668-2001-21-21.

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The purpose of the international humanitarian law applicable to armed conflicts at sea is the same as the International Humanitarian Law relevant to land conflicts: to reduce the destructive consequences of the armed conflict to a minimum, to protect the civilians and other non-combatants, as well as the civilian and cultural objects, to ensure a minimal consideration of some fundamental human rights and to limit the means and methods of warfare in accordance with the four customary cardinal principles, as considered by the International Court of Justice in its advisory opinion on the Legality

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Batyuk, V. I. "USA and Military Security of Europe: Evolution of Approaches." Outlines of global transformations: politics, economics, law 12, no. 3 (2019): 207–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.23932/2542-0240-2019-12-3-207-220.

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Over the past few years, American military policy in Europe has changed qualitatively. Official Washington was forced to recognize the strengthening of Russian military power and the need to reconsider the role of the European command as a rear, designed to ensure the actions of the Central and African command. Of particular concern to the Pentagon is the Russian potential in areas such as air defense, long-range artillery, anti-tank ammunition and electronic warfare. The United States believes that over the past decade there has been a marked improvement in the quality of Russian troops, thei

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Waseem, Rubina, and Muhammad Sajjad. "Conceptualizing new avenues of the Indo-Pak hostilities: an analysis of the invisible PsyWar operations and challenges." Liberal Arts and Social Sciences International Journal (LASSIJ) 6, no. 2 (2022): 161–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.47264/idea.lassij/6.2.9.

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The modern era of information warfare has also opened new avenues of warfare. “Psychological War” or “PsyWar” has been a non-violent weapon used to attain military aims and objectives against the enemy since biblical times while ensuring the minimal loss of human life. India and Pakistan, after their inception, have been psychologically obsessed with each other on a number of disputes. The disputes between India and Pakistan are considered one of the most long-lasting disputes of the post-World War era. The article specifically covers the Post nuclearization scenario of the Indo-Pak region and

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Tomljenović, Marija. "MEANS AND METHODS OF WARFARE IN THE LIGHT OF RUSSIAN INVASION OF UKRAINE." Journal of International Legal Communication 12, no. 1 (2024): 30–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.32612/uw.27201643.2024.12.1.pp.30-47.

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Abstract. For Putin to fulfill his vision of national and personal greatness, primarily through Russian aggression against Ukraine, which has absolutely no basis in the legal regulations of international law, nor in other laws and legal acts, the fact is that Russia, and Putin personally are responsible for tens of thousands of deaths in Ukraine. The aim of this paper is to highlight the means and methods of warfare in the Russian-Ukrainian war aimed at the eastern and southern territories of Ukraine, as well as frequent pressure directed at Western society using sabotage and destruction of in

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Gunn, S. William A. "Quantifiable Effects of Nuclear War on Health." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 6, no. 1 (1991): 57–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00028089.

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Superpower military competition has abated, but the specter of nuclear weapons still adds a completely new dimension to warfare. The destructive capacity of so-called conventional bombs was made cruelly evident in the Second World War. Yet, today, a single, thermonuclear bomb has the explosive power of a million times the largest conventional device, with not only devastatingly immediate consequences but also extremely harmful long-term effects, both at the site of the attack and far away, in time and space (Figure 1).In Figure 2, the small central circle with a radius of 1.4mm represents the

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Saima Yousaf Khan, Saman Salah, and Rubina Masum. "Ecocriticism and the Postcolonial Landscape: War, Displacement, and Environmental Devastation in Kamila Shamsie’s Burnt Shadows." Journal of Arts and Linguistics Studies 3, no. 1 (2025): 307–23. https://doi.org/10.71281/jals.v3i1.223.

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Emerging Through an ecocritical and postcolonial perspective this research studies how war together with colonialism and forced migration led to environmental destruction in Kamila Shamsie’s Burnt Shadows (2009). Through the linked historical narratives of Japan, India, Pakistan and Afghanistan the novel explores how nuclear warfare and imperial expansion, and geopolitical tensions continuously damage human lives together with natural geographical environments. The research explains how the novel displays war-devastated environments to illustrate how environmental destruction mirrors the traum

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De La Bruheze, Adri. "Radiological weapons and radioactive waste in the United States: insiders' and outsiders' views, 1941–55." British Journal for the History of Science 25, no. 2 (1992): 207–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007087400028776.

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The Manhattan Project to develop an atomic bomb, the atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, and the post-war nuclear arms race with fission and fusion bombs have been the subject of many discussions and historical studies. In fact, these subjects, and the way in which they were generally dealt with, have led to retrospective distortion with respect to the spectrum of ‘atomic’ weapons discussed and explored during the wartime Manhattan Project and immediately after the Second World War. Specifically, it has made observers of the cold war's early nuclear arms race overlook the fact that the mil

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Burr, William. "The Nixon Administration, the “Horror Strategy,” and the Search for Limited Nuclear Options, 1969–1972." Journal of Cold War Studies 7, no. 3 (2005): 34–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/1520397054377188.

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In early 1969 President Richard Nixon and his national security adviser, Henry Kissinger, received a brie fing on the U.S.nuclear war plan, the Single Integrated Operational Plan (SIOP). Appalled by the catastrophic scale of the SIOP, Nixon and Kissinger sought military options that were more credible than massive nuclear strikes. Participants in the Air Force Nuclear Options project also supported more flexible nuclear war plans.Although Kissinger repeatedly asked Defense Department of ficials to construct limited options, they were skeptical that it would be possible to control nuclear escal

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Droege, Cordula. "Get off my cloud: cyber warfare, international humanitarian law, and the protection of civilians." International Review of the Red Cross 94, no. 886 (2012): 533–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1816383113000246.

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AbstractCyber warfare figures prominently on the agenda of policymakers and military leaders around the world. New units to ensure cyber security are created at various levels of government, including in the armed forces. But cyber operations in armed conflict situations could have potentially very serious consequences, in particular when their effect is not limited to the data of the targeted computer system or computer. Indeed, cyber operations are usually intended to have an effect in the ‘real world’. For instance, by tampering with the supporting computer systems, one can manipulate an en

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Andrade, Edson Ramos, Isabela Santos Alves, Ricardo Mandia Stenders, and André Luiz Queiroga Reis. "Human and Environmental Bias Affecting Risk Perception in Military Radiological and Nuclear Operations." Defence Science Journal 73, no. 1 (2023): 20–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.73.18212.

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The urban military operating environment may offer favorable conditions for combat involving asymmetric actions or 4th generation warfare which includes the chemical, biological, radiological, or nuclear (CBRN) environment. The CBRN environment is characterized by threats and hazards capable of producing negative impacts to the operations. The detriment may be produced by intentional release of hazardous materials into the operational environment. This study deals with an environment deliberately contaminated by radioactive materials because of the activation of a radiological dispersive devic

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Muhammad Usman, Dr Sahibzada. "Pakistan in the Crosshairs and the Rising Stakes of Strategic Information Warfare." Journal of Research in Social Sciences 12, no. 1 (2024): 25–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.52015/jrss.12i1.235.

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Over the past two decades, information and communication technologies (ICTs) have reaped significant attention from security experts, computer scientists, intelligence agencies, and governments for their potential applications in conflict scenarios. Using ICTs for offensive or defensive purposes to instantly invade, disrupt, or control the opponent's resources is known as strategic information warfare (SIW). Although SIW is as ancient as military history, the communication sciences revolution has altered its character. It has evolved into a double-edged weapon that is equally crucial for stron

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Neuneck, Götz. "Die Rolle der Naturwissenschaft." PROKLA. Zeitschrift für kritische Sozialwissenschaft 32, no. 127 (2002): 227–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.32387/prokla.v32i127.703.

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In the last century, science was not only a dominant factor in society, but helped also to create incredible weapon arsenals: Nuclear weapons, radar, computers, operations research, missiles, lasers have been established for warfare purposes Ieading to a narrow relationship between national security and science, especially in the United States. Scientists not only made scientific discoveries, but were also instrumental in advising their governments to develop new weapons leading to an qualitative arms race that never stopped. On the other hand, scientists using their reputation, their internat

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Kim, Tae-Young, and Tae-Eun Song. "A Study on the Cognitive Terror Attacks and Complex Coordinated Terrorist Attacks in Hybrid Warfare : The Case of Israel-Hamas War." Korean Association for Terrorism Studies 17, no. 2 (2024): 5–27. https://doi.org/10.46350/kats.2024.17.2.5.

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The Israel-Hamas War which began in October 2023 has demonstrated an extreme type of complex coordinated terrorist attacks(CCTA) by mobilizing all kinds of modernized hybrid threats. Despite the countries’ global competition for developing various high-tech weapon systems today, the Israel-Hamas War has been featured both by the new ways of fighting using drones for CCTA and social media for cognitive terror attacks(CTA) and by the old-fashioned combat employing low-tech conventional weapons. It is expected that future warfare could unfold as the combined assault of CCTA and CTA as a prelimina

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Naeem, Mohammad. "The Role of Diagnostic Medical Imaging Community in Responding to Nuclear and Radiological Events in Urban Environments." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 38, S1 (2023): s215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x23005496.

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Introduction:To understand the role of medical providers in general and the radiology community in the prevention, management, and aftermath of a radiological or nuclear event.Method:Using a power point presentation, the author will describe in detail the role diagnostic medical imagers can play in responding to the radiological or nuclear MASCAL events.Results:The purpose is to educate the civilian radiology audience about their role amidst the changing nature of current nuclear threats and asymmetric and hybrid warfare in urban settings. It is very likely that in the future the civilian radi

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Godwin, Paul H. B. "Changing Concepts of Doctrine, Strategy and Operations in the Chinese People's Liberation Army 1978–87." China Quarterly 112 (December 1987): 572–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305741000027120.

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Introduction Since the late 1970s, when the current programmes seeking to modernize China's defence establishment began, issues of military doctrine, strategy and operations have remained at the forefront of China's quest for a defence capacity capable of being ranked among the world's great powers. As the Chinese leadership contemplated defence modernization, they could not but recognize the Janus-like quality of their armed forces. One face looked back on the people's war traditions that served them so well and for so long, while the other faced the complexities of conventional and strategic

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Jo, Sunggu. "Soft Power in Northeast Asia, Using AI in Information Warfare." J-INSTITUTE 8 (August 31, 2023): 23–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.22471/ai.2023.8.23.

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Purpose: Conflicts between Korea, the United States, Japan, North Korea, China, and Russia continue along with the competition for supremacy between the United States and China, and conflicts between South and North Korea and between China and Taiwan continue as the Korean Peninsula is an area with a high possibility of military conflict. However, even in North Korea, China, and Russia, which are closed countries, the influence of the soft power of cultural content such as dramas through the Internet is bringing about changes in collective sentiment even in closed countries. Due to these pheno

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Fitz, Alexia, and Richard Wilson. "Just Warfare: Is a Nuclear Attack an appropriate Response to a Cyber Attack?" International Conference on Cyber Warfare and Security 18, no. 1 (2023): 534–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.34190/iccws.18.1.1059.

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It is well known that nuclear weapons pose a grave threat to humanity because of their destructive power and to the lives of innocent civilians potentially affected by them. What might be less known are the grave effects that cyberwarfare can potentially have on a state and its nuclear security. Most nuclear weapons systems were designed decades ago, when manipulations of computer networks, or cyber-attacks, were practically a non-existent threat. In the present international political situation, where threats about the use of strategic nuclear weapons, have been discussed, cyber threats are e

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