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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Milkworts

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Academic literature on the topic 'Milkworts'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 14 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Milkworts"

1

Aiello, Dalia, Alessandro Vitale, Giancarlo Perrone, Matilde Tessitori, and Giancarlo Polizzi. "Can Biological Control Agents Reduce Multiple Fungal Infections Causing Decline of Milkwort in Ornamental Nursery?" Plants 9, no. 12 (December 1, 2020): 1682. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9121682.

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This research evaluates biological control agents (BCAs) and fungicide alone and in combination for the management of decline caused by multiple fungi on milkwort (Polygala myrtifolia). Four experiments were performed in a greenhouse within a nursery located in Catania province (southern Italy). The activity of fungicides and biological control agents was evaluated by calculating the plant mortality (%) and recovery frequency (%) of different fungi associated with symptomatic tissue. Comprehensively, boscalid + pyraclostrobin and fosetyl-Al showed the best results in managing disease complex on milkwort. Biological control agents provided, on average, the lowest performances; nevertheless, in most cases, they were able to significantly reduce multiple infections and sometimes when combined with fungicide enhanced the effectiveness. The molecular analysis of 86 isolates obtained from symptomatic tissue allowed to identify the fungi involved in the disease as Calonectriapauciramosa, C. pseudomexicana, Fusariumoxysporum, Neocosmospora solani (syn. F. solani) and binucleate Rhizoctonia AG-R. Calonectriapseudomexicana never reported on milkwort and in Europe was inoculated on P. myrtifolia potted healthy cuttings and produced crown and root rot after 40 days. Our findings represent the first worldwide report about disease complex of milkwort caused by several fungi (Calonectria spp., Fusarium spp. and binucleate Rhizoctonia) and on the effects of integrated control strategies to manage this disease in the nursery.

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2

Han, Jeung-Sul. "Plant regeneration via callus culture of sea-milkwort (Glaux maritima L.)." Journal of Plant Biotechnology 44, no. 2 (June 30, 2017): 171–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5010/jpb.2017.44.2.171.

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3

Ahrens, Collin W., and Elizabeth A. James. "Conserving the small milkwort, Comesperma polygaloides, a vulnerable subshrub in a fragmented landscape." Conservation Genetics 17, no. 4 (March 8, 2016): 891–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10592-016-0830-9.

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4

Vitullo, D., F. De Curtis, D. Palmieri, and G. Lima. "Milkwort (Polygala myrtifolia L.) decline is caused by Fusarium oxysporum and F. solani in Southern Italy." European Journal of Plant Pathology 140, no. 4 (August 21, 2014): 883–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10658-014-0514-6.

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5

Forest, Félix, Mark W. Chase, Claes Persson, Peter R. Crane, and Julie A. Hawkins. "THE ROLE OF BIOTIC AND ABIOTIC FACTORS IN EVOLUTION OF ANT DISPERSAL IN THE MILKWORT FAMILY (POLYGALACEAE)." Evolution 61, no. 7 (July 2007): 1675–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.2007.00138.x.

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6

Castro, Sílvia, João Loureiro, Victoria Ferrero, Paulo Silveira, and Luis Navarro. "So many visitors and so few pollinators: variation in insect frequency and effectiveness governs the reproductive success of an endemic milkwort." Plant Ecology 214, no. 10 (August 9, 2013): 1233–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11258-013-0247-1.

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Cavalieri, Vincenzo, Giuseppe Altamura, Giulio Fumarola, Michele di Carolo, Maria Saponari, Daniele Cornara, Domenico Bosco, and Crescenza Dongiovanni. "Transmission of Xylella fastidiosa Subspecies Pauca Sequence Type 53 by Different Insect Species." Insects 10, no. 10 (September 29, 2019): 324. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects10100324.

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Diseases associated with Xylella fastidiosa have been described mostly in North and South America. However, during the last five years, widespread X. fastidiosa infections have been reported in a constrained area of the Apulia region (southern Italy), in olives trees suffering a severe disease, denoted as Olive Quick Decline Syndrome (OQDS). Because many xylem sap-feeding insects can function as vectors for the transmission of this exotic pathogen in EU, several research programs are ongoing to assess the role of candidate vectors in the spread of the infections. Initial investigations identified Philaenus spumarius (L.) as the predominant vector species in the olive orchards affected by the OQDS. Additional experiments have been carried out during 2016 and 2017 to assess the role of other species. More specifically, adults of the spittlebugs Philaenus italosignus Drosopolous and Remane, Neophilaenus campestris (Fallen) and of the planthopper Latilica tunetana (Matsumura) (Issidae) have been tested in transmission experiments to assess their ability to acquire the bacterium from infected olives and to infect different susceptible hosts (olives, almond, myrtle –leaf milkwort, periwinkle). Acquisition rates determined by testing individual insects in quantitative PCR assays, ranging from 5.6% in N. campestris to 22.2% in P. italosignus, whereas no acquisition was recorded for L. tunetana. Successful transmissions were detected in the recipient plants exposed to P. italosignus and N. campestris, whereas no trasmissions occurred with L. tunetana. The known vector Philaenus spumarius has been included in all the experiments for validation. The systematic surveys conducted in 2016 and 2017 provided further evidence on the population dynamics and seasonal abundance of the spittlebug populations in the olive groves.

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8

Tessitori, M., A. Reina, V. Catara, and G. Polizzi. "Polygala myrtifolia as a New Natural Host of Cucumber mosaic virus." Plant Disease 86, no. 12 (December 2002): 1403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2002.86.12.1403b.

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Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), and Impatiens necrotic spot virus (INSV) are among the most important viral pathogens of ornamental plants (1). Polygala myrtifolia L. (myrtle-leaf milkwort), originating from South Africa, and a member of the Polygalaceae, was recently introduced in Italy as a cultivated ornamental shrub for its fast and attractive free-flowering growth and drought-resistant characteristics. It can become an invasive plant and is now considered a serious problem in coastal areas of Australia where it was introduced as a garden plant. In Italy, P. myrtifolia is propagated by cuttings in commercial nurseries during the summer. In the winter of 2002, plants of P. myrtifolia growing in pots in an ornamental nursery in Sicily showed virus-like mosaic and malformation of leaves that appeared lanceolate with a lack of flowering. Leaf tissue was analyzed by double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) with polyclonal antisera to CMV, TSWV (Lettuce type), and INSV. Positive ELISA results were obtained only with the CMV polyclonal antisera. Complete remission of symptoms was observed on new flushes after pruning and incubation of infected plants at warm temperatures (30 and 20°C, day and night, respectively). This evidence led to the hypothesis that the disease or virus was disseminated by transportation and propagation of plants without visible symptoms during the hot season. A survey was also performed in two historical gardens of Catania (Sicily) where a group of apparently healthy P. myrtifolia plants, from the previously mentioned ornamental nursery in Sicily, were introduced as a single specimen or to form a hedge. These plants showed the same leaf malformations and mosaic symptoms observed in the nursery. DAS-ELISA confirmed the presence of CMV but not TSWV and INSV. To our knowledge, this is the first report of CMV on P. myrtifolia and it adds a new host to over 1,000 species (85 plant families) infected by this virus. Reference: (1) M. L. Daughtrey et al. Plant Dis. 81:1220, 1997.

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9

Cardin, L., J. P. Onesto, B. Delecolle, and B. Moury. "Mosaic Symptoms Induced by Cucumber mosaic virus in Polygala myrtifolia in France and New Zealand." Plant Disease 89, no. 5 (May 2005): 527. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pd-89-0527a.

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Myrtle-leaf milkwort or sweet pea shrub (Polygala myrtifolia L.), family Polygalaceae, is a shrub from South Africa and is well adapted to Mediterranean-type conditions and used as an ornamental plant in gardens and pots or as cut flowers. During 2002 and 2003, mosaic symptoms and leaf distortion were observed in P. myrtifolia in Menton, Roquebrune-Cap Martin, Golfe Juan, and Antibes (Alpes Maritimes Department, France) in public gardens and potted plants. Occasionally, white streaks were observed in flowers. Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) was identified in samples collected from the four locations on the basis of transmission to and symptoms exhibited by a range of diagnostic host plants (1), observation of isometric particles (≅30 nm) in crude sap preparations from the infected plants by electron microscopy, and positive reaction using double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (DAS-ELISA) with polyclonal antibodies raised against CMV (2). Each isolate was shown to be a group II CMV strain (3) using double-immunodiffusion analysis. During 2004, CMV was also detected using DAS-ELISA in P. myrtifolia samples collected in New Zealand (Christchurch, Akaroa, and Roturoa). To confirm that CMV was responsible for pathogenicity, the Menton isolate was isolated from local lesions on Vigna unguiculata, amplified in Nicotiana tabacum cv. Xanthi-nc, and then mechanically inoculated into 1-year-old P. myrtifolia, P. myrtifolia cv. Grandiflora, and P. myrtifolia cv. Compacta (synonymous to cv. Nana) plants. The D strain of CMV, a reference tomato strain from subgroup I (2), was used for comparison. All experimental plants were propagated from cuttings, grown hydroponically and all tested negative for CMV using DAS-ELISA prior to inoculation. At 12 weeks postinoculation, systemic symptoms were observed on leaves from all inoculated plants (10 plants per genotype for the Menton isolate and 5 plants per genotype for the D strain), except for two P. myrtifolia plants inoculated with the Menton isolate. CMV was detected in apical, noninoculated leaves using DAS-ELISA in all symptomatic plants. A total recovery from symptoms was observed in P. myrtifolia and P. myrtifolia cv. Grandiflora but not in P. myrtifolia cv. Compacta at 6 months postinoculation (mpi) in 7 of 15, 10 of 15, and 15 of 15 DAS-ELISA positive plants, respectively. At 7 mpi, the plants were pruned and planted in soil and at 8 mpi, CMV was detected using DAS-ELISA in most of the plants, and symptoms developed in a few stems of some of the plants. Tessitori et al. (4) described similar symptoms and have detected CMV in P. myrtifolia from Italy, but they did not reproduce the disease in healthy plants. Our results show that CMV is responsible for the symptoms observed and that both CMV subgroups are infectious in P. myrtifolia. Since P. myrtifolia is generally vegetatively propagated by cuttings, frequent CMV tests on the mother stock plants are recommended because of fluctuations in virus titer and symptom expression in some genotypes. To our knowledge, this is the first report of this CMV host in France and New Zealand. A voucher specimen will be deposited at the Station de Pathologie Végétale at INRA, Montfavet. References: (1) L. Cardin et al. Plant Dis. 87:1263, 2003. (2) J. C. Devergne and L. Cardin. Ann. Phytopathol. 7:225, 1975. (3) M. J. Roossinck. J. Virol. 76:3382, 2002. (4) M. Tessitori et al. Plant Dis. 86:1403, 2002.

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10

"In vitro Multiplication through Single-Node Culture of Sea-Milkwort (Glaux maritima L.)." Korean Journal of Horticultural Science&Technology 34, no. 3 (2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.12972/kjhst.20160047.

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Book chapters on the topic "Milkworts"

1

Sastry, K. Subramanya, Bikash Mandal, John Hammond, S. W. Scott, and R. W. Briddon. "Polygala myrtifolia (Myrtle-leaf milkwort)." In Encyclopedia of Plant Viruses and Viroids, 1908. New Delhi: Springer India, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-3912-3_728.

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2

"POLYGALACEAE: MILKWORT FAMILY." In The Jepson Manual, 1072–73. University of California Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/9780520951372-099.

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3

Abbott, J. Richard. "Polygalaceae, the Milkwort Family." In New Manual of Vascular Plants of Northeastern United States and Adjacent Canada. New York Botanical Garden Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.21135/893275471.026.

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4

"Polygala boykinii—“Milkworts” are widely believed to induce milk flow in animals and humans. Polygala’s religious significance in Florida is indicated by the Miccosukee name sápiyâ:bî (resembling the mythical plant “svpeyv”). (Seep. 532.) Quercus laevis—Acorns were so important to indigenous people that there is a river in central Florida the Timucua called ajano hibita chirico (river of little acorns). The Seminoles call one site lokcha apopka (place for eating acorns, Creek). (See p. 558.)." In Florida Ethnobotany, 742. CRC Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203491881-115.

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