Academic literature on the topic 'Mimořádná doprava'

Článek je věnovaný problematice záchranných a likvidačních prací složek integrovaného záchranného systému při reálné dopravní nehodě bez přítomnosti nebezpečných látek. V dnešní době se stále častěji setkáváme s mimořádnými událostmi různého charakteru, kdy významnou část zahrnují právě dopravní nehody. Teoretické i praktické poznatky ukazují, že zajištění požadované úrovně spolupráce záchranných složek může přispět ke snížení ztrát na lidských životech a snížení poškození zdraví účastníků zasažených mimořádnou událostí. Cílem článku je simulace společného zásahu složek integrovaného záchranného systému při reálné dopravní nehodě. K dosažení uvedeného cíle je použita síťová analýza, konkrétně metoda kritické cesty, která představuje sled vzájemně závislých činností s nejmenší časovou rezervou. Získané výsledky demonstrují jednu z možných variant optimalizace zkoumané činnosti složek integrovaného záchranného systému při řešení dopravní nehody.

This thesis is focused on analysis of the legislative regulations for special road transportation between Czech Republic and the Balkan Peninsula. In this work, special transportation stands for heavy and bulky costs that exceed the maximum limits. To carry out such transportations, following the legal standarts of each state where the intended destination is (Slovakia, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Serbia, Kosovo and Macedonia), is needed. The work is divided into chapters that deal with these issues and provide an overview of the legal standards which must be fulfilled in these particular states. The result of this thesis is to provide the necessary information to Czech transporter to perform these special transportations.

The goal of my thesis was to provide a basic and comprehensive picture of the territory of the town of Tábor, and to describe how the characteristics influence the possibility of occurrence of extraordinary events and crisis situations, including the follow-up ways to solve these situations. Another goal of my thesis was to present a picture of the possibilities of occurrence of selected and particular extraordinary events and crisis situations, including the identification of the readiness level of the crisis management authorities of the town of Tábor for these events. In the final part there are findings and information based on which we can state that the hypotheses were confirmed. Based on the characteristics of the town of Tábor, which influence the occurrence of unfavourable events and their solutions, the level of readiness of the town for these events is considered to be good, and currently additional new measures are taken to stabilise and improve this readiness.

Our company uses more and more chemical substances. A lot of dangerous chemical substances and formulation, that are used by construction, or they are commonly used as products for our consumption, must be also stocked and must be transported into stock, factories and operation. Averages related to escape of dangerous substances represent huge hazards, that may threaten health and lifes of people, their property, or they can have negative impact on environment. I will adduce amount of stocked dangerous substances in Central Bohemia //Středočeský kraj// per year 2007 as a proof of a huge amount of injurants around us. In this work I will make analysis of the most often stocked and transported chemical substances (amonia, chlorine, hydrogen cyanide). I want to clarify hazards and mainly possible after-effects on health of citizens and on environment, that could start in case of averages with this substances. I will make an analysis of accessible sources (print news, evaluating reports, process case researches, possibilities of resolution of exceptional events, relief and account//liquidation// work) and I will compare them with processed accident and crisis documentation. In this work I would like to emphasize mainly reactions on possible average. I will create model situations with escape of dangerous substances through transportation and through stocking with possible reactions on them. I will use software tool Terex for their evaluation. I will appoint immediate acquisition //arrangements//, relief and account work on a basis of these model situations that must be carried out immediately after escape of dangerous substances and also following acquisition, either short time or long time. At the same time I will suggest preventive acquisition to lower the probability of rise of exceptional events with escape of dangerous substances.

This dissertation called The Statistical Investigation of Time and Economical Development of the Extraordinary Incident Kind Selected deals with traffic accidents on roads within the Czech Republic. The goal of this work is to investigate a time and economical connection of traffic accidents. The theoretical part specifies basic terms which are related to road transport in the Czech Republic and which are mainly based on valid laws in the field of road transportation. There is also deeply analysed the term "traffic accident" which has to gain specific features in order to be classified as a traffic accident. Subsequently, there are also presented and discussed the most common causes of accidents. Impacts of economic damage to the state budget were described by a certified methodology for calculating losses from a traffic accident rate on roads. Within possibilities of a bigger kind of an extraordinary incident during which emergency could be announced, there is described a system of crisis management in transport and an operation of Crisis Management Department of the Ministry of Transport. In the last section of the theoretical part there are summarized the basic methods of descriptive and mathematical statistics which were used for processing of the practical part of the dissertation. In the practical part three hypotheses were being tested based on the collected data, which was drawn from statistical yearbooks of a traffic accident rate published on the website of the Police of the Czech Republic. The methodology provides basic methods of descriptive and mathematical statistics to whom the gained data has been subjected. To verify the hypothesis H2 the amounts of damage per a time unit have a distribution close to the normal distribution. It was used within the mathematical statistics of nonparametric testing of hypothesis. Through the non-parametric testing was allowed to prove normality of damage amount in traffic accidents in the period 2009 - 2013. For verification of the hypothesis H1 number of traffic accidents and the amount of damage are positively correlated and hypotheses H3 time development of traffic accidents per one time unit can be expressed by linear regression with negative correlation. Simple linear and correlation dependence was used in the context of mathematical statistics. The aim of the hypotheses H1 and H3 mentioned above was to find out a kind of regression, depending on given statistical features, to find suitable regression function and to determine tightness of correlation using an appropriate coefficient. A negative correlation coefficient was calculated for the hypothesis H1 so it was rejected. This result is possible to comment on the fact that, although there is less material damage, the number of incidents in particular time units does not reflect this fact. For the hypotheses H3 we can conclude that traffic accidents have been declining in a longer time interval and this leads to fulfilment of the goal of the national road safety strategy 2011 - 2020. For the short time period 2009 - 2013 it is not possible to come to the same conclusion and the hypotheses H3 has to be rejected. In the context of a deeper research of the impact of economic damage to our state, it would be good to work e.g. with the amount of money which insurance companies have to pay to persons involved in an accident. We could also work with the amount of costs which the state has to spend on activities of organs of emergency service for dealing with all consequences of any emergencies associated with an accident. Determination of the total amount of economic damage from a traffic accident rate and from a number of traffic accidents helps us to realize the seriousness of this issue. Just as other indicators of traffic safety, economic damage and a number of traffic accidents are important indicators of prevention and effectiveness of traffic-safety measures.

This diploma thesis deals with problematic of emergency medical service preparedness in the Czech Republic, in the place of disaster and during this situation especially in bus accident with large number of injuries and casualties. Bus accident can create high risk of forming mass disaster due to many people transported in small area with low safety components. High risk of many injuries and casualties with chaotic first call make hard decision to activate plans to solve this situation for emergency services. Theoretical part of diploma thesis maps transformation of Czech paramedic system organization from districts to regions and new legislations for emergency medical service that solve preparedness, organization and duties during large incidents. Due to this new legislations were formed offices for emergency preparedness which ensure this preparedness. Practical part of diploma thesis is analysis of Czech paramedic preparedness that solve bus accidents as disaster. For this analysis were used data from regional emergency medical service headquarters (EMS HQ) - bus accident reports, drills for staff and special material equipments. But only 3 EMS HQ provided acceptable data and 1 EMS HQ partly acceptable data. Aim of this study is assessment in preparedness change for disaster during examined time (2000 - 2011) and comparison of real event to training drills. This part of thesis is supplied by statistic data (transformed into graphs) of bus accidents with injuries and casualties from department of Transportation Police of the Czech republic and Fire Rescue Service Directorate. Whole practical part is made by analysis of primary (documents, EMS HQ personal visits) and secondary information (information servers, journals). Within this analysis was made evaluation of Czech emergency medical preparedness for bus accidents with large number of injuries and casualties. This analysis shows that in area of the Czech Republic is missing central directorate for Czech paramedic system. Which is shown in varying material, drill and whole preparedness for disaster situation. This problem is also made by new legislation that were not here before (law for emergency medical system and law notices). High variation of equipments and procedures in solving disasters can cause difficulties during accident intervention on the borders of paramedic regions. For comparison to other countries preparedness is in this thesis mentioned Poland - special training course for specialist in disaster management, USA - Medical Alert Center (MAC) and Israel - control system for disaster drills.

This dissertation is focused on transportation of hazardous substances and on procedures of units of integrated emergency system during a traffic accident. It covers issues such as valid legislature, drivers´ training, obligatory documents, compulsory spares and checking of vehicle by the Police of the Czech Republic. The cooperation of units of the integrated emergency system / firefighters, policemen, emergency healht care/ starts as a common action at the very moment all rescue and protection units arrive at the place of the trafic accident of a vehicle transportating hazardous substance. Main attention is paid to the police work. The empirical part is relating to the research of knowledge in the field of transportation of hazardous substances through the use of the questionnarie . It is divided into three parts. The first part of the questionnarie contains collected basic information about the informants. The second part is focused on general knowledge about transportation of hazardous substances. The third part is aimed to the knowledge of procedures and activities at the place of accident. The conclusion of this dissertation mentions some of the accident advised forms of how to improve the transportation of hazardous substance by land and the preparatin of procedure of the Police of the Czech Republic in joint operations.

The diploma thesis deals with problems of collaboration of the Integrated Rescue System at coordination of its units intervention in larger traffic accidents, to be specific in coach traffic accidents with a bigger number of the injured and the dead. In the thesis two significant traffic accidents and cooperation training of the units of the Integrated Rescue System are compared at intervals of last five years. Following the analysis it is possible to monitor not only the increasing level of technical and material equipment of single units, but also the increasing level of coordination of their activities. The main aim of the thesis is evaluation of the current level of collaboration of the units of the Integrated Rescue System in a larger traffic accident, eventually a proposal of possible adjustment or modification of currently already used type activities of the units of the Integrated Rescue System.