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1
Mengwe, Moses Seargent. "Towards social impact assessment of copper-nickel mining in Botswana." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1443.
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This research study is more of an initiative towards Social Impact Assessment of copper-nickel mining in Botswana. The specific objectives of the study were centred on the assessment of the social impacts of copper-nickel mining in Botswana from the initial mining stage of exploration, surveying and mine site development to mine closure. The study was carried out under the broad hypotheses that mining influences population movement that impact on areas of mining; mining activities have both economic benefits and deleterious social impacts on the local communities found in the areas where mining is taking place; and mine closure has far reaching socio-economic, investment and developmental implications over and above the obvious interests of project owners. To achieve the broad aim as summarised above, the research study used a multi-disciplinary methodology and approach that required several kinds of expertise and sources of information. Hence it used both primary and secondary sources centred on interactive informative interviews, site visits and observations, questionnaires, census data records, mining companies’ publications, published textbooks and journal articles. The research study comprised of three different mines operated by three different mining companies in three varied socio-cultural and ethnic regions of Botswana. First was a detailed Social Impact Assessment of the initial phase of exploration, surveying and mine site development represented by Mowana mine project operated by African Copper in the rural areas of Dugwi and Mosetse. This case study yielded results showing that the social impacts of mining in the area are diverse and extensive. The findings suggest that the impacts relate not only to the possible economic benefits of foreign exchange, employment, the optimal use of available mineral resources and the possible development of Dugwi and Mosetse villages, but extends to the deleterious social impacts. The results also indicated that the social impacts have just begun in the two communities. Hence they point towards a possible disruption within the socio-cultural system of the local people if serious mitigation measures are not put in place; thus suggesting that the early stages of exploration and mine site development results in the most conflict between the mine and the local people. Second was a comprehensive Social Impact Assessment of Tati-Nickel Phoenix mining project in the peri-urban areas of Matshelagabedi and Matsiloje areas representing the mining stage of mine production and expansion. The results from this case study suggest that during vi mine production and expansion, many people were relocated. However, the overriding impression gained from the case study was Tati-Nickel Mining Company’s elaborate corporate policies that suggested good corporate governance and best practices that promote sustainable development. A notable milestone on good corporate governance and best practice that the other two case studies (mining company) could benchmark on is Tati-Nickel’s corporate social responsibility programme that has been designed to ensure that the communities within a fifty kilometre mine radius benefit from the mine. The results from the case study also distinguished the mining stage of production and expansion from the other two because it is associated with the deep entrenchment of the social impacts into the communities near to mining areas. Third was a detailed Social Impact Assessment on Bamangwato Concession Limited mine in the industrial town of Selebi-Phikwe. The case study represented the stage of mine closure. Through the findings of this case study, it became apparent that the economic dependence of Selebi-Phikwe on mining has seen the town developing into a mining town, increasing its vulnerability at mine closure. The results from the case study further suggest that mine closure will degrade the socio-economic sector of the town with ever far reaching socio-economic implications as many people lose their gainful employment, hence suggesting that a possible complete mine closure will be the most traumatic phase leading to major social conflict within the area. Thus the results suggest that at mine closure, the deleterious social impacts will overspill to other areas in Botswana with disastrous effects for the economy of the country. The results yielded through this study established in clear and passionate language that copper-nickel mining in Botswana influences population movements that lead to positive and negative impacts on the communities found in mining areas. Another major finding of the study is that copper-nickel mining activities have both economic benefits and deleterious social impacts on the local communities, hence the recommendation that the copper-nickel mining companies should embrace the concept of sustainable mining for sustainable development to avoid most of the negative impacts of their operations on the local communities.
2
Li, Zhongxue. "Determining the size and life of underground coal mines." Diss., This resource online, 1987. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-10022008-063243/.
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Altamirano, Nelson. "Essays on mining countries : Dutch disease, development and copper markets /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC IP addresses, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p9975891.
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Webber, R. C. W. "Determining the physical and economic impact of environmental design criteria for ultra-deep mines." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2006. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-07242006-105847/.
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McGill, Jeannette Elizabeth. "Technical risk assessment techniques in mineral resources management with special reference to the junior and small-scale mining sectors." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2005. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-02092006-124915.
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Yu, Zhanjing. "A study of building response and damage due to mining-induced ground movements." Diss., This resource online, 1990. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-07112007-092849/.
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Walter, Timothy George. "METALS DISTRIBUTION AT THE SAN ANTONIO MINE, SANTA EULALIA MINING DISTRICT, CHIHUAHUA, MEXICO." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/275296.
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Kille, J. Dee. "United by gold and glory : the making of mining culture in Goldfield, Nevada, 1906-1908 /." abstract and full text PDF (UNR users only), 2008. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3311916.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Nevada, Reno, 2008."May 2008." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 457-464). Library also has microfilm. Ann Arbor, Mich. : ProQuest Information and Learning Company, [2009]. 1 microfilm reel ; 35 mm. Online version available on the World Wide Web.
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Bainton, Nicholas Alexander. "Virtuous sociality and other fantasies pursuing mining, capital and cultural continuity in Lihir, Papua New Guinea /." Connect to thesis, 2006. http://eprints.unimelb.edu.au/archive/00003343.
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Madalane, Thembi. "The obligation to rehabilitate mining areas : post mining activities." Thesis, University of Limpopo (Turfloop Campus), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/905.
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Thesis (LLM) -- University of Limpopo, 2012The study focuses on rehabilitation, since absence of proper rehabilitation process result in indelible damage to the environment. South Africa, like many other countries, is faced with many environmental problems caused by mining. These problems are particularly caused by, inter alia, abandoned mining areas without rehabilitation, inadequate environmental impact assessment after closure, inadequate financial provision for rehabilitation, and lack of monitoring and aftercare system after post mine closure. The study found that many Companies ignore laws governing prospecting, extraction and rehabilitation. The main purpose of this research is to investigate and recommend guidelines in the rehabilitation process so as to instil respect for the environment. The study therefore recommended strict legislation relating to environmental protection against mining.
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Smith, Jessica L. K. "A land of plenty Depression-era mining and landscape capital in the Mojave Desert, California /." abstract and full text PDF (free order & download UNR users only), 2006. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3209959.
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Mchaina, David Mhina. "Studies into the application of controlled recirculation ventilation in Canadian underground mines." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/31000.
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Increasing energy costs and the need to conserve energy compounded with low mineral prices have prompted some Canadian mines especially potash producers, to examine their operations and identify potential saving methods. Re-using or recirculating a fraction of ventilating air may enable these mines to reduce winter heating costs.
Gas and dust concentrations were monitored in the intake and exhaust airways to assess the potential for recirculating exhaust air. The results indicate that the mine pollutant concentrations in potash mines are low and stable. Trial recirculation experiments returning 20 - 47% exhaust air into the fresh air airway did not cause significant increases in mixed intake pollutant levels. Two types of recirculation systems - namely variable and fixed quantity - are developed. Detailed designs of recirculation systems for Central Canada Potash of Noranda Minerals Inc. and Rocanville Division, Potash Corporation of Saskatchewan are discussed and recommendations made for the selection and positioning of on-line monitoring, control and telemetry systems. A controlled recirculation system conceptual design for the H-W mine is given.
The economic payback periods for systems proposed for Rocanville Division and CCP are 2 and 3 years respectively. Recirculation percentages of 30%, 64.4% and 23% are feasible for CCP, Rocanville Division and the H-W mine.
The recirculation percentages for the proposed systems were determined using Air Quality Index criteria.
Dust deposition studies conducted at CCP in return airways indicate that 65% of dust by weight is deposited within a distance of 550 metres from the face. In terms of dust and other contaminant conditions in the return airways, it can be concluded that there is potential for use of recirculation in the face area.
Guidelines for recirculation systems in gassy and dusty mines are developed. The main features for these recirculation system design guidelines are safety, economic gain, and system performance.
The author's attribution to ventilation is in the use of controlled recirculation to reduce winter heating costs and increase underground airflow, also the guidelines developed for recirculation in gassy and dusty mines.
The overall conclusion is that controlled recirculation is a practical method of reducing winter heating cost and/or increasing mine airflows. The financial potential and technology to implement a working system exist.Applied Science, Faculty of
Mining Engineering, Keevil Institute of
Graduate
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Lang, James Robert 1961. "A GEOCHEMICAL STUDY OF ALTERATION AND MINERALIZATION IN THE WALLAPAI MINING DISTRICT, MOHAVE COUNTY, ARIZONA (MINERAL PARK, FLUID INCLUSIONS, SULFUR ISOTOPES)." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/275536.
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Mkubukeli, Zandisile. "Challenges and prospects for small-scale mining entrepreneurs in South Africa." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2047.
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Thesis (MTech (Business Administration))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2016.Small-scale mining entrepreneurs are confronted with a variety of challenges during both the start-up and growth phase of their businesses not only in South Africa, but all over the world. Most small-scale mining entrepreneurs are not able to take advantage of the opportunities that are available to them. This retards the growth of their businesses. The aim of this study was to investigate the challenges and prospects for small-scale mining entrepreneurs in South Africa, the support structures available to them as well as the factors that could make them successful. The research problem in this study is that the mining sector is biased towards more established companies and against small-scale mining entrepreneurial operations, which marginalises small-scale mining entrepreneurs. Despite being a significant source of revenue for South Africa, the mining sector does not directly benefit the historically disadvantaged people. Notwithstanding government interventions, small-scale mining entrepreneurs face numerous challenges during both the business start-up and growth phase of their businesses with very few prospects of succeeding. This is a qualitative study that uses a series of face-to-face interviews with mining entrepreneurs in South Africa to generate data. Given that small-scale mining entrepreneurs are in most cases part of the informal sector and difficult to locate, a database of small-scale mining entrepreneurs was obtained from Mintek. Initially, 21 small-scale mining entrepreneurs were randomly selected to participate in this study. However, it soon became apparent that ten of them were no longer in business. This meant that the sample was reduced to eleven mining entrepreneurs, located in four provinces: Free State, KZN, Mpumalanga and Limpopo. The findings of this research reveal that small-scale mining entrepreneurs are handicapped by a lack of financial and technical resources, and therefore cannot purchase capital items. It seems that there are good prospects for small-scale mining, particularly in open markets. However, they are unable to exploit these prospects because they lack the necessary finance. Although there are support structures to assist them, they find it difficult to meet the criteria for loans or overdraft facilities from financial institutions. Although these mining entrepreneurs have benefited from the support they have received thus far, they need equipment and commitment to their businesses to remain successful. A series of recommendations are made to guide small-scale mining entrepreneurs already in business, prospective small-scale mining entrepreneurs and other stakeholder’s interested in transforming the industry.
Zandisile Holdings (Pty) Ltd National Research Foundation Mauerberger Foundation
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Gyogluu, Sarah. "Planning and development of mining towns in Ghana: an exploration of mining and urban development frameworks and practices." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1446.
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Thesis submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree
Master of Technology: Town and Regional Planning
in the Faculty of Informatics and Design
at the Cape Peninsula University Of Technology
2013Ghana has had a long history of mining especially with respect to gold, dating back to the Trans-Saharan Trade where gold precipitated civilisations and was a main commodity of trade among Europeans, merchants and ancient kingdoms. In the 21st century, globalisation coupled with increasing urbanisation has been driving demand for mineral resources and thus the resurging commodity booms. This increases foreign direct investment (FDI) in mining countries like Ghana resulting in not only growth in gross domestic product (GDP) but impacts that transcend macro-level and have direct and indirect impacts on communities in mining regions. The result is often that livelihoods are altered, spin-offs on the local economy emerge and the attendant settlement functions impact on the efficacy of existing mining and development planning and regulatory frameworks. Tarkwa is one of Ghana’s traditional gold mining towns and is the substantive context of the research. The main objectives of the research were: To identify the existing key mining and development planning regulations, gaps present and how these have impacted on the efficacy of governments management practices in responding to consequences of mining-led development. To analyse the urban household’s perceptions of mining impacts on livelihoods, business enterprises and livelihood coping strategies and mechanisms. To assess the implications of these emerging planning and development frameworks and trends for the effective planning and development of mining towns in Ghana The highlights of the findings of the research in relation to the above objectives included: The research revealed that urban households’ perception of mining on their livelihoods was mixed. One of the perceived negative impacts of mining that stuck out from overall responses was scarcity of land for purposes of farming and building. With respect to coping with mining impacts, respondents largely employed a combination of assets to survive the mining environment. However, respondents’ dependence on human capital-that is, their ability to work and generate income underpinned all livelihoods capitals. Over 96 percent of business enterprises, perceived purchasing power of people and related available or potential market as the most positive spin-off from mining yet. The informal economy was dominant in terms of business enterprise ownership with informal trading as the most principal form of business enterprise in the informal economy. The research findings have significant meaning within the broad context of mining-led urban development and with implications for theory, the development and planning for resource-driven settlements (practice) and for further research. For example, with regard to development and planning practice, some glaring challenges include the lack of a proper land management system, “superiority” of some institutions (mine houses)in dealing with the Town and Planning Department and Municipal Assembly, lack of effective collaboration between related institutions, gaps in planning legislations make planning near impossible in Tarkwa. The effect being that Tarkwa is growing (spatially to accommodate businesses and people coming in) but without an effective and responsive development planning system to effectively channel and coordinate this growth so that long term development is sustained. The study concludes and recommends that, there is need for a rethink in the way mining towns are planned for and developed in Ghana and should include: a review of the Minerals and Mining law (Act 703) to engender more rights and protection to the communities, a constant review of concession and other agreements to reflect a constantly changing world order, institutional collaboration for planning and development, and long term planning which synchronises spatial and economic planning to capture advantages of agglomeration in and around the Tarkwa mining region.
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Cai, Wenlong. "Application of network flow and zero-one programming to open pit mine design problems." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184797.
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An algorithm which adopts a moving cone approach but is guided by maximal network flow principles is developed. This study argues that from a network flow point of view, the re-allocation problem is a major obstacle to prevent a simulation oriented pit design algorithm from reaching the optimum solution. A simulation oriented pit design algorithm can not resolve the re-allocation problem entirely without explicit definition of predecessors and successors. In order to preserve the advantages of moving cone algorithm and to improve the moving cone algorithm, the new algorithm trys to avoid the re-allocation situations. Theoretical proof indicates that the new algorithm can consistently generate higher profit than the popular moving cone algorithm. A case study indicates that the new algorithm improved over the moving cone algorithm (1% more profit). Also, the difference between the new algorithm and the rigorous Lerchs-Grossmann algorithm in terms of generated profit is very insignificant (0.015% less). The new algorithm is only 2.08 times slower than the extremely fast moving cone algorithm. This study also presents a multi-period 0-1 programming mine sequencing model. Once pushbacks are generated and the materials between a series of cutoffs are available for each bench of every pushback, the model can quickly answer, period by period, what is the best (maximum or minimum) that can be expected on any one of these four items: mineral contents, ore tonnages, waste tonnages and stripping ratios. This answer is based on a selected cutoff and considers the production capacity defined by the ore tonnage, the desired stripping ratio and the precedence constraints among benches and pushbacks. The maximization of mineral contents is suggested to be the direct mine sequencing objective when it is permissible. Suggestions also are provided on how to reduce the number of decision variables and how to reduce the number of precedence constraints. A case study reveals that the model is fast and operational. The maximization of mineral contents increases the average grades in early planning periods.
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Haynes, Michael J. "Mining, dependence, and post-independence urbanisation in Botswana : sustainable development?" Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/15422.
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Bibliography: leaves 187-197.Botswana has been considered as one of the few post-independence development successes in Africa. The country's recent status is attributable to the growth of the minerals sector, with diamonds and copper/nickel matte forming the basis of exports and government development revenues. Mining has not only been responsible for boosting export earnings, but has also stimulated most recent urbanisation, resulting in the some of the highest urban growth rates in sub-Saharan Africa. The problem of urban in-migration has been compounded by a bias in development expenditure, with the towns receiving a disproportionately large share of scarce resources. All new towns since independence have been established as service centres for the mines, with limited wider development occurring. Resultant vulnerability and instability in the urban sphere has been reflected in the case of Selebi-Phikwe, where a decline in the copper/nickel industry has threatened the future integrity of the town. That mining has not contributed towards development which is sustainable over the long terms calls into question, the resilience of Botswana's progress. A political-economic analysis of the development history of Botswana indicates a continuity between colonial neglect and the migrant labour system, and the current problems of dependence on the mining sector and external employment opportunities. The reasons for the dearth in diversified productive activity in mining towns in Botswana are related to an externally orientated development policy, with dependence on the world mineral markets. As the mining industry is based on the extraction of finite, non-renewable resources and is susceptible to fluctuations in mineral pricing, towns exclusively based on mining are latently unstable and have similarly finite lives. The problem is compounded by the lack of a local entrepreneurial class capable of stimulating the 'modern' sector which is related to the historical lack of an urban elite in the country. Given that there has been minimal associated development of productive opportunities outside of the primary sector in Selebi-Phikwe, the Government has instituted a crisis management strategy to deal with the situation. Proposals to diversify the economic base of Selebi-Phikwe are focused on attracting foreign investment, as a means of stimulating local, export-orientated industrialisation. As the incentives for locating in the town are primarily based on cheap, malleable, labour supplies, transnational investment is likely to be of a highly mobile nature and is unlikely to sustain employment and development in Selebi-Phikwe Certain conclusions are drawn from the experience of Selebi-Phikwe: Firstly, the problem of continuity in Selebi-Phikwe has historical roots indicating that short term panaceas are unlikely and that structural solutions are needed. Secondly, the town's fate holds important implications for the maintenance and support of the wider urban system in Botswana. Thirdly, expectations of indefinite economic prosperity have been generated in part, by continual Government emphasis on urban infrastructural development, something which is potentially problematic given the potential for urban discontinuity. A more rational evaluation of the urban sector in Botswana is required. With the precarious foundations of urbanisation in Botswana borne in mind, surplus revenues generated by mining should be channelled into rural employment creation rather than urban areas. An approach which treats the urban question in its entirety is required. There is thus a real need for a national development programme which integrates population and environmental policy with rural and urban sector planning, and which bases future development on the criteria of equity and sustainability.
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Arnonkitpanich, Atchariya. "Strategies for maximizing the social benefit from the exploitation of gypsum mineral resource of Thailand." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/2019.
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The study begins by investigating Thailand’s administration of its mineral resources and those of some other leading mineral-exporting countries for comparison. The notion of ‘resource curse’, which affects many resource-rich countries, and an analysis how Thailand fought and won the ‘curse’ is critically explored. The principle of sustainable development and its implication to Thailand are presented, together with various computed indicators of sustainable development for Thailand. The role of mineral resources and Hotelling’s model in the context of sustainable development are discussed. The essence of this study is the development of economic models to determine the optimal extraction paths of Thailand’s gypsum resources based on Hotelling's concept of maximizing Net Present Value (NPV) of benefits accrued to the country. This study finds that under all assumptions and all scenarios, at a certain point in time, Thailand should stop exporting its gypsum and devote the remainder of its gypsum resources to domestic consumption only. In addition, Thailand should push gypsum price up to a certain level. The model determining gypsum consumption in Thailand and some countries imported gypsum from Thailand, which are the basis to determine the optimal extraction paths of gypsum in Thailand, is also developed. It shows that the price of gypsum had no effect on its consumption. In other words, the demand for gypsum might be highly inelastic. Finally, the long-term policies for Thailand to manage its gypsum resource are recommended.
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Rau, Grant. "A geological evaluation of marine diamond placer deposits on the central Namibian inner shelf : a case study of the Hottentot Bay area." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007554.
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This study focusses on the marine diamond placers within Exclusive Prospecting Licence 1950 and Mining Licence 103a, located northwest of the north-facing Hottentot Bay which is 60 km north of Lüderitz, along the central Namibian coastline. The thesis follows the natural geological evolution of the marine placer deposit from primary source, through alluvial and/or glacial transportation, concentration along the coastline by wave, aeolian and alluvial/sheet-wash processes and finally marine diamond placer preservation. All of these processes are reviewed as they are important in understanding of the evolution marine placer deposits. The poly-cyclic role of coastal aeolian, alluvial, and marine processes, in marine placer enrichment is shown to be particularly important in considered target identification and prioritisation. A detailed bathymetric, sonographic and seismic interpretation, is an integral part of diamond placer exploration, and was used to examine and describe surficial and sub-bottom characteristics within the study area. Marine placers are formed along palaeo-strandlines during periods of marine transgression and regression and are therefore fundamental in marine placer exploration. A detailed bathymetry map, compiled for this study, of the area between Lüderitz Bay and Clara Hill, provides the foundation for a detailed terrace level investigation. Regionally, twelve well-developed stillstand levels are identified, nine of which fall into the study area. These interpretations are compared with global eustatic as well as terrace and resource/reserve levels in the Lüderitz area and are found to correlate well. Sediment dynamic studies involve the use of accredited application software for wave refraction modelling, to determine the wave angle and orbital wave velocity at the seabed. Bedload velocities, required to move diamonds of specific sizes, can be empirically determined and therefore areas of diamond entrainment and deposition can be modelled and target features delineated and prioritised. These detailed interpretations provide a sound platform for evaluating diamond placer process models in the study area. By integrating both previously published and newly formulated ideas, a revised, holistic model for the formation of marine diamond placer deposits in central Namibian is postulated. The proposed model is tested by comparing it to the lateral distribution of presently defined resource/reserve areas in the Lüderitz area and shows a close correlation with most of these enriched deposits. Based on this model, a matrix for the delineation and prioritisation of marine placer deposits is developed and the best target features within the study area are identified.KMBT_363
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Kar, Tapas Ranjan. "Fuzzy logic-based fault diagnosis for mining equipment failures." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/43090.
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Equipment availability is the most significant factor in the productivity of many mines and
processing plants. Machine breakdowns are not only expensive in terms of production losses
but also important in meeting production schedules. In a complex piece of machinery like a
shearer or a powered support system in a highly automated longwall face, such breakdowns
can be due to one of the large number of possible faults. A large proportion, up to 80% of
the down time is spent in locating the fault. For this reason, a need for an automated diagnostic
method to assist the operator in the diagnosis process is felt. In this study, a diagnostic
system is developed by modeling the partially known or imprecise relations and poorly defined
variables found in a diagnostic environment. Logic of fuzzy sets and systems theory
finds an interesting application in this area. This study presents a diagnostic algorithm, which
relates the possible causes of failure to their respective symptoms through fuzzy logic paths.
Applications of the diagnostic method are illustrated through examples of a compressor and
a shearer.Master of Science
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Morehouse, Jeffrey Allen 1953-1985. "A synopsis of the geologic and structural history of the Randsburg Mining District." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/558085.
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Payne, Malcolm. "Form and the picturing of mining : an epistemology of form with special reference to the explication of iconography." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/16369.
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Bibliography: pages 67-72.The work presented here is a bounded excerpt of a broader programme of creative endeavour. Framed by the constraints of the MFA degree , the special value of this project has been the opportunity it has presented to articulate some of the ideas that have developed over a period of time and have informed my working process. The theme of mining and related activities forms the visible field in which I have extended my formal pictorial methodology . The visual primacy and corporeality of form in painting have been the enabling vehicles assisting me to re - code selected iconography. The genealogy of this form and its development is chronologically traced in three groups of work preceding the body of work executed for the MFA.
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Umejesi, Ikechukwu. "Land use, compensational justice and energy resource extraction in Nigeria: a socio-historical study of petroleum and coal mining communities." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/344.
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Scholarly and public analyses of state-community conflict in resource-rich communities, especially in Nigeria, often portray the compensational practices of the state and extractive enterprises as unjust and unsustainable. According to this view, at least three issues foreground the “unjustness”, namely: a) Inadequate compensation of land owners when land is expropriated or degraded in the process of natural resource exploration and production; b) inadequate periodic rents paid by extractive firms to land owners; and c) lack of, or inadequate socio-economic infrastructure in the host communities of extractive operations. Most analysts have therefore argued for a revamp of the compensation system and have presented the inadequacy of compensation as the underlying cause of conflict in Nigeria‟s mining communities (see Frynas, 2000b:208; Okoji, 2002:205). This thesis subjects the compensation discourse to a closer examination, especially against the backdrop of underdevelopment, pervasive poverty, environmental damage and continuing corporate-community conflict in Nigeria‟s resource-rich rural communities. The main argument is that, because of some of its underlying neoliberal assumptions, much of the compensation discourse is flawed – which is why the discourse obscures the true character of state-community and corporate-community conflict. This more so, because the discourse relies mainly on post-colonial (that is, post-1960) experiences and contemporary advocacy literature, ignores the interplay between history and contemporary developments in state-community relations, and treats compensation as an independent variable. Drawing on the concept of collective memory, and utilising historical, ethnographic and survey data from two of Nigeria‟s oldest petroleum and coal-mining communities, the thesis examines how the evolution of the Nigerian state and collective memory about aspects of that evolution have shaped state-community relations in the extractive sector. It situates state- iii community resource-related conflict within the wider socio-historical matrix of state and community contestations for ecological and natural resource sovereignty. The key finding of the thesis is that within the context of socio-ecological rights, compensation demands by local communities are textured. In the case of the communities selected for the study, such demands are often made outside, rather than within, local ethnographic ideas of “justness” and “fairness”. Hence, land-related grievances associated with natural resource extraction persist, regardless of whether or not local demands for compensation are “adequately” met by the state and extractive corporations. The thesis enriches and extends our understanding of natural resource conflict by privileging both the sociological and historical contexts of the conflict and raising questions about the dominance the state enjoys over local communities and indigenous ecological spaces.
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Archambeault, Louis. "Application of Markov decision processes to mine optimisation : a real option approach." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=99750.
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This thesis describes preliminary research on the application of Markov Decision Processes (MDPs) to the optimisation of mine scheduling in an uncertain environment. The MDP framework is a novel approach to scheduling in a mining operation and option valuation. The task of scheduling in mining operations is dependent on the availability of models that permit the representation of some of the key stochastic properties of the environment, such as grade and price uncertainty. The tools used to model these processes are respectively sequential Gaussian simulation and Geometric Brownian motion. Three cases of increasing size are used to illustrate the results of the model and demonstrate its suitability to mine scheduling and option valuation. The computational efficiencies of solving an MDP formulation by Policy Iteration and Value Iteration are compared. The impact of the discount rate on the optimal policy is assessed. To determine the value of one or several options, an optimal policy without options is generated and valued. Then, the exercise is repeated with the relevant options to value (e.g., production rate, cut-off grade and time of mine closure). By comparing the values obtained in both cases, the financial benefit of having operational flexibility is determined, thus yielding the option value. A full size case study is conducted to validate the applicability of MDPs to real mining projects.
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Fraher, Richard Louis. "Optimizing roof control using probabilistic techniques in roof failure prediction." Thesis, This resource online, 1992. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-10062009-020200/.
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Du, Plessis Rudolf. "The South African mining industry towards 2055: scenarios." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/4215.
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The strained commodity price environment has triggered strong measures of cost containment and control by global and South African mining industries with workforce reductions, mine closures and shelved projects. Added to this, the South African mining industry is facing an unparalleled number of challenges, including an uncertain regulatory environment, infrastructure constraints, frequent industrial actions, rising costs and shortages of skills. The dynamism of discontinuous change has increased considerably and the South African mining industry is today facing an uncertain future with a blurred outlook. The results of the detailed analysis of future studies theory and practice in this research study support the argument that there is a strong need to fundamentally change the ways of planning for the future of the South African mining industry. The practice of developing new insight through the application of futures studies is central to this process. Today, collective decisions and strategies are progressively more founded on and informed by futures studies. The research study sought to develop insight regarding the future of the South African mining industry through the construction of four scenarios towards 2055: Divided We Fall, where a confident industry is threatened by social divisions as industry transformation is disregarded; Rock Bottom, where weak global economic conditions coincide with lacklustre industry innovation; Rising from Ashes, with similar economic conditions, but the industry responding positively through accelerated industry innovation; and Renaissance, set against positive global economic conditions with the South African mining industry adopting a collaborative, innovative approach to industry transformation. The research study further strived to uncover the preferred future for the South African mining industry as basis for the South African Mine of the Future Vision towards 2055. Throughout the research study, Inayatullah’s pillars of futures studies were applied as a guideline in mapping the present and future, deepening the future, broadening the future through the development of scenarios, and transforming the future by narrowing it down to the preferred. The study provides valuable insight into the driving forces relevant to the South African mining landscape. In addition, it provides insight on how to anticipate the changes these driving forces may bring about for the industry over the next 40 years from a decision-maker’s point of view. It is up to the mining industry to select the road to follow in terms of progress and sustainable development. Through an innovative approach, the creation of an environment of trust, the sharing of values, purposes and benefits, the South African Mine of the Future Vision is attainable. The South African mining industry must commit itself to working in collaborative partnerships with local communities, government, society and labour; stepping boldly into a world of social, environmental, technological and commercial innovation.
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Stoll, J. A. E. "Mining in national parks : a case study : an integrated environmental evaluation of possible magnesite mining in Weetootla Gorge within the Gammon Ranges National Park, South Australia /." Title page, abstract and contents only, 1989. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ENV/09envs875.pdf.
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Mkonto, Strength. "Mining production process innovation : critical success factors to intersystem innovation at Jwaneng Mine Botswana." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/2476.
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Thesis (MPhil (Information Science))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009.The strategic focus in many organisations is on innovation. This is driven by the need to grow and sustain shareholder value. Innovation takes the form of business process innovation, technological innovation and social innovation through acts of organisational restructuring. Innovation strategies have become a priority for the mineral resource sector. This is due to the constraints imposed on business growth by the finite nature of the mineral resources. The need for innovation brings two organisational aspects into focus. These are the organisational system constituted of structure, process, culture and people and the business system constituted of strategy, throughput activities, resource configurations, and product or service offerings. The two systems are in constant interaction. Innovation is therefore an emergent phenomenon dependent upon interaction of such systems. A Systems approach is required to analyse the complex interactions that take place between the two systems in organisations. The Jwaneng Mine Production Interface (JMPI) consists of several inter-dependent subsystems and it is therefore appropriate to analyse it as an intersystem. The research focuses on the factors that impact the business system and the organisation system. Innovation requires the development of competencies and capability in people constituting the organisation. The way people interact with technology can be a determining factor for innovation. Theories of technology and social systems provide an important insight on how social and technological systems can be organised for innovation. The developmental paths of an organisation are influenced by its culture and structure. Theoretical insights are used to gain deeper understanding of how innovation can be derived from organisational systems and business systems. To gauge the status of innovation activities in the JMPI, specially selected case studies are used for detailed analysis. In addition, appropriate benchmarks in similar and dissimilar industries are also utilised. The critical success factors to mining production innovation are found to be social, structural and technological in nature. Innovation is shown to cover the whole life cycle of the business product or service offering. The design for innovation therefore requires a holistic approach that incorporates strategy, organisational structures, technology, business processes, leadership and people.
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CLARKE, MICHAEL. "HYDROTHERMAL GEOCHEMISTRY OF SILVER-GOLD VEIN FORMATION IN THE TAYOLTITA MINE AND SAN DIMAS MINING DISTRICT, DURANGO AND SINALOA, MEXICO (SIERRA MADRE, FLUID INCLUSIONS)." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/183942.
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The San Dimas mining district, including the Tayoltita mine, is a Tertiary silver-gold epithermal vein system deposited in a calcalkaline volcanic pile. Hydrothermal alteration and vein formation is temporally related to a granite batholith intruded into the volcanics. Alteration mineralogy in andesites is compatible with a hydrothermal flow model in which heated water rises through the batholith, cools to 260°C, and flows out into the volcanics. In the process, a(Na)⁺/a(H)⁺, a(K)⁺/a(H)⁺, a(Ca)⁺⁺/a²(H)⁺, a(SO₄)⁼.a²(H)⁺, and a(H₂S) increase; a(A1)⁺⁺⁺/a³(H)⁺ decreases; and a(Fe)⁺⁺/a² (H)⁺ remains constant, all relative to original fluid conditions in the andesites. Lateral elongation of Ag:Au ratio zoning plotted on vertical projections of veins is interpreted to reflect hydrothermal fluid flow principally in a horizontal direction during ore deposition. Quartz vein-filling, accompanied by chlorite, calcite, rhodonite, and adularia, is widest in a vertical interval approximately 500 to 1,000 meters below the original surface. Pyrite is widely distributed, but silver minerals, electrum, and base-metal sulfides are restricted to the upper portion of the vertical interval of veining in a zone termed the ore horizon. Paragenetic relationships among vein minerals of the Cinco Senores vein in the Tayoltita mine indicate that a(H₂S) decreased; a(Cu)⁺/a(H)⁺, a(Ag)⁺/a(H)⁺, and a(Au)⁺/a(H)⁺ increased; and a(Fe)⁺⁺/a²(H)⁺ and a(SO₄)⁼.a²(H)⁺ remained nearly constant during the initial stage of ore deposition. Fluid inclusion studies of quartz from the Cinco Senores vein indicate that ore deposited at an average temperature of 260°C from boiling fluids of apparent salinities ranging from 0.15 to 0.3 m(NaCl) equivalent. The greater apparent salinities probably reflect dissolved gases as well as chloride salts. Correlation of Ag:Au ratios in deposited vein with ice-melting temperatures in fluid inclusions suggests that evolution of ore fluids in space was accompanied by both increase in deposited Ag:Au ratios and decline in fluid solute concentration. Correlation of ice-melting temperatures with paragenetic age of associated quartz suggests that vein-depositing hydrothermal fluids evolved in both space and time from relatively concentrated to dilute conditions. Both boiling and mixing could have caused this decline in solute concentration.
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McShane, Francis Bernard. "Mining tradition or breaking new ground? : minerals exploration and stakeholder realtionships in Fiji." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=84531.
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Mining and mineral exploration have been a source of considerable tension in the developing world and specifically where they take place on indigenous lands. This thesis investigates the nature of the relationships between different stakeholders to a mineral exploration project in Fiji. It is an examination of the obstacles to community participation, a key component of even-handed development, in the planning and policy-making process. It is argued that the Namosi exploration project has been the locus for emergent social disruption. It is also argued, that the causes of this conflict are anchored in a flawed process of policy-making between the state and exploration companies and the contest for authority between key actors, which has led to the disempowerment of some villagers from both within and outside the community. Equally, the political ideology of the state and the contentious history of mining in Fiji, have played a part in the tendency towards social conflict in association with minerals exploration.The starting point for analysis has been a comparison with the social conflict literature as it applies to Papua New Guinea. The purpose has been first, to confirm the relevance of that work to situations encountered in Fiji, and second, to provide a broader critique of the literature than previously available; one that further develops understanding of social conflict related to natural resource development. Given the circumstances of state and village politics in Melanesia, the question is asked, whether the normative 'fully realised communities' anticipated by Selznick in his communitarian idyll can be achieved. The thesis concludes that the nature of community involvement in development planning for mineral exploitation, creates a very different type of participation than that outlined in the literature of mining corporations and states. Although some actors have recourse to other means of empowering themselves, this is not a prelude to development for the wider community.
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Wilson, Norma J. "Mining in parks : an analysis of the policy framework for B.C.'s provincial parks." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/42025.
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The provincial parks of British Columbia have endured varying degress of
resource exploitation since the creation of the first provincial park in B.C.,
Strathcona Park in 1911. B.C. Parks, the government agency which manages
B.C.'s parks, administers the Park Act (R.S.B.C. 1979 C.309) and derives its
dual goals for recreation and conservation from the Act. In addition to the
Park Act, there are several levels of policy for B.C. Parks which guide decisions
regarding resource use in parks, including "Striking the Balance - B.C. Parks
Policy Statement," occasional policy statements in News Releases, and some
conditions in resource use permits.
This thesis examines the levels of policy which guide decisions regarding mining
in parks in British Columbia and the consistency of the commitment to the goals
of B.C. Parks through the policy levels. The approach to policy analysis taken
is that a policy is both an output of the level above, and an input to the level
below. Three criteria are derived from the definitions of policy in the literature.
They are that policy should be clear and a guide to decision-making, that it
should be forward-looking, and that it should be enforceable. The fourth criterion
says that the goals of B.C. Parks stated in the Park Act should be traceable
through the policy levels.
Since 1973, there have been five policies regarding mining in B.C.'s parks which
stand out as significantly altering the commitment of B.C. Parks to its goals.
In two of these policies the recreation and conservation goals of B.C. Parks are
apparent, while the goals are not apparent in three of the policies.
Foreseeable decisions for mining in parks are examined, and the ability of the
present policies to guide the decisions is tested. B.C. Parks retains little
decision-making authority with respect to mining in parks. On a mineral claim
in a recreation area, the Ministry of Energy, Mines and Petroleum Resources has
jurisdiction. Off a mineral claim in a recreation area, B.C. Parks has limited
authority over mining activities. The fundamental decisions which rests with
B.C. Parks is whether or not the recreational values of the area are sufficiently
impaired by mining to delete it from the park system.
Surprises can occur when the results are different from what was expected,
either because the cause is different, the behaviours are not what was
anticipated, or an action produces the opposite result from what was intended
(Holling 1986: p.294). Several surprises with regard to mining in Parks are
imagined and the challenge to the goals of B.C. Parks through the policy levels
is examined. A strong commitment to the goals at the upper levels of parks
policy, and reflected through the levels is proposed to ensure that B.C.'s parks
survive challenges from mining and from other sources.Applied Science, Faculty of
Community and Regional Planning (SCARP), School of
Graduate
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Ilango, Sankaralingam. "Computer-aided underground mining machine sequencing." Ohio : Ohio University, 1987. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1183047349.
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Erasmus, Lourens J. "A model for evaluating risk in Africa : a mining perspective." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/5733.
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Thesis (MBA (Business Management))--Stellenbosch University, 2008.AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Suksesvolle eksplorasieprojekte en die daaropvolgende mynboubedrywighede kan as die stimulus dien vir ekonomiese groei in Suider Afrika deur middel van werkskepping, beter lewensomstandighede, en uiteindelik ekonomiese en polilieke stabilileit. Mynbou het die vermoe om dit te bewerkstellig. Die doel is om uiteindelik 'n langtermyn, veilige, vredevolle en vooruitstrewende oplossing vir die streek te vind, wat volgehoue groei gebaseer op 'n ekonomiese opbloei veroorsaak deur die implementering van suksesvolle mynbouprojekte en vooruitstrrewendheid tot gevolg het. Om dit reg te kry, is 'n deeglike en volledige studie betreffende alle moontlike risiko's, polities, ekonomies en sosiaal, wat sulke bedrywighede kan beinvloed, noodsaaklik. Ongelukkig ly die streek aan 'n gebrek aan buitelandse vaste investering as gevolg van burokrasie, politieke onstabiliteit en 'n onsekere veiligheidsituasie. Die hoof doel van hierdie studie is om 'n model daar te stel wat gebruik kan word om 'n voorlopige ontleding van 'n land se risikofaklore aangaande die algemene besigheids- en beleggingsklimaat te doen, soos gesien uit die oogpunt van beleggers in eksplorasie en mynbouprojekte. Angola en Zimbabwe, waar mynbou 'n groot rol kan speel, is geidentifiseer op die basis van die kwalitiet van hul mineraalafsettings en mynboupotensiaal. Deur gebruik te maak van die model wat in hierdie studie ontwikkel is waar gradering berus op 'Politieke', 'Finansiele', 'Sosiale Risiko', asook 'Eienaarsrisiko' onderskeidelik, gradeer Angola as 'n CBCB land met 'n matig stabiele omgewing om eksplorasie en mynbouprojekte van stapel te stuur. Dit is 'n land met uitgebreide minerale moontlikhede en alhoewel die infrastruktuur op hierdie stadium te kort skiet, het die land drie groot hawens. Geen groot bedreigings of destabiliserende faktore bestaan op die kort- tot medium termyn nie. Dit het die vermoe om tot 'n BBCB status oor die medium- tot lang termyn te beweeg. Zimbabwe verwerf 'n gradering van DDC+C, wat dui op 'n hoogs riskante omgewing om eksplorasie en mynbouprojekle van stapel te stuur. Niemand is seker wat die huidige verkiesing en die toekomstige politieke bedeling sal voortbring nie. Die huidige situasie kan amper net verbeter vir die land en sy mense met die moontlikheid van 'n regering van nasionale eenheid. Alhoewel die land dalk nog nie sy onderste draaipunt bereik het nie, kan 'n gradering van CC+C+C+ 'n moontlikheid oor die medium termyn wees, en selfs beter op die langtermyn. In 'n land met enorme minerale moontlikhede het die tyd aangebreek om te begin soek na geskikte gebiede vir eksplorasie doeleindes. Zimbabwe het die potensiaal om weer Afrika se kosmandjie te word met ondersteuning van die mynboukant. 'n Regverdige demokratiesverkose regering en baie harde werk, toewyding en deursettingsvermoe is nodig om uiteidelik te seevier. Laastens, die belangrikste deel van die risikobepaling van 'n land kom in die vorm van politieke risiko, en meer spesifiek, "leiersrisiko". Ongelukkig is die grootste struikelblok in langtermyn-vooruitskatting die feit dat die status quo vir die volgende dekade geldig kan bly, of amper oornag omvergegooi kan word. Dit kan weer lei tot 'n kettingreaksie reg deur al die sfere van die politieke en sosioekonomiese orde, binne en soms selfs buite die land in die vorm van binnelandse oproerigheid en buitelandse sanksies of ondersteuning. 'n Gevoel van dringendheid om te verander tot voordeel van almal, moet egter nog posvat. Die son wag nie vir Afrika nie.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Successful exploration projects and subsequent mining ventures can provide the stimulus for economic growth in Southern Africa through job creation, improved living conditions, and eventually economic and political stability. The aim is to ultimately ensure a long- term, safe, peaceful and prosperous solution for the region consisting of continuous growth and prosperity based upon an economic kickoff sparked by the implementation of successful mining projects. To achieve this, a thorough and comprehensive study of all possible risks, political, economic and social affecting such ventures is of the utmost importance. Unfortunately, the region suffers from a lack of foreign direct investment to make this happen largely as a result of bureaucracy, political instability and an uncertain security situation. The main aim of this study is to create a model for an initial risk analysis by analysing a country's risk factors relevant to the overall business and investment climate as perceived by investors in exploration and mining projects. Two countries, Angola and Zimbabwe, where mining can play a large role have been identified based on the quality of their mineral deposits and mining potential. Using the model developed in this research study where grading is based on 'Political', 'Financial (Transfer)', 'Social', and 'Ownership Risk' respectively, Angola rates a CBCB country with a moderately stable environment in which to launch exploration and mining ventures. It is a country with a vast mineral potential and although the support infrastructure is lacking at this stage, have three major ports. No major threats or destabilising factors exist in the near to medium terms. It has the ability to change to a BBCB status over the medium to long term. Zimbabwe receives a rating of DDC+C with a highly risky environment to launch exploration and mining ventures. No one is sure what the last election and the future political framework will bring. The current status can almost only improve for the country and its people with the possibility of a government of national unity. Although the country might not have reached the bottom turning point yet, a CC+C+C+ rating could be a possibility over the medium term and even better over the long term. In a country with enormous mineral potential, it is time to start scouting for promising regions for exploration purposes. Zimbabwe has the potential to again become the bread basket of Africa with backup from the mining industry. A proper democratically elected government and much hard work, commitment and dedication are necessary to be successful eventually. Finally, the most important/crucial part of measuring the risk associated with a country comes in the form of political risk and more precisely, sovereign risk. Unfortunately, and this is the main stumbling block in long-term forecasting, the status quo can continue for the next decade, or be turned upside down almost overnight. This in turn can lead to a chain reaction throughout all spheres of the political and socioeconomic standing, inside and outside the country in the form of domestic upheaval and foreign sanctions or support. A sense of urgency to change for the better still has to emerge though. The sun doesn't wait for Africa.
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Hisada, Toru. "Indigenous development and self-determination in West Papua : socio-political and economic impacts of mining upon the Amungme and Kamoro communities of West Papua /." Saarbrücken, Germany : VDM Verlag Dr. Müller, 2008. http://firstsearch.oclc.org/WebZ/DCARead?standardNoType=1&standardNo=9783639031560:srcdbname=worldcat:fromExternal=true&sessionid=0.
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Pundt, Heather Ann. "Mining Culture in Roman Dacia: Empire, Community, and Identity at the Gold Mines of Alburnus Maior ca.107-270 C.E." PDXScholar, 2012. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/800.
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Trajan conquered Dacia in 106 CE and encouraged one of the largest colonization efforts in the history of the Roman Empire. The new province was rich in natural resources. Immigrants from Dalmatia, Moesia, Noricum, Pannonia, Greece, Syria, Bithynia, Italy, indigenous Dacians, and soldiers from Legio XIII Gemina participated in the extraction of gold from the Apuseni Mountains. The inhabitants of mining settlements around Alburnus Maior and the administrative center Ampelum coexisted under Roman governance but continued to mark their identities in multicultural communities. At Alburnus Maior the presence of wage laborers with access to outside materials and ideas created the opportunity for miners to communicate identity through mediums that have survived. A series of wax tablet legal contracts, altars, and funerary monuments can be combined with recent archaeological data from settlements, burials, and the mines themselves to formulate the broad view necessary to examine the intricacies of group and self-expression. Through this evidence, Alburnus Maior offers a case study for how mobility and colonization in the ancient world could impact identity. Due to the pressures of coping within a multicultural community, miners formed settlements that were central to their daily lives and facilitated the embodiment of state, community, and personal identities. Identity changes over time and can simultaneously communicate several ideas that are hard to categorize. This study approaches this challenge by looking from macro to micro contexts that influenced several expressions of identity. Chapter 2 begins with a historical background that explores the expansion of the Roman Empire and considers how different experiences of conquest influenced the colonists who immigrated to Dacia. The circumstances that led to the massive colonization of Dacia are also considered. Chapter 3 describes how the mines at Alburnus Maior were exploited, who was present, and assesses the impact of state officials, legionaries, and elite entrepreneurs on the formation and expression of state identity through cult, law, and language. The formation of immigrant communities and the working conditions that permeated everyday life at the mines are then considered in the next chapter. Settlement, cult, and religious membership are evaluated for their role in creating and articulating community identities. Chapter 5 then analyzes the personal and sometimes private expression of identity that appears in commemoration, naming conventions, and burial. The three levels of state, community, and personal identities often overlap and collectively show that the hybridization of ideas from several cultures was central to how those at Alburnus Maior negotiated their identity in the Roman Empire.
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Van, Greunen George. "Crafting and executing : an operational strategic plan for styldrift mine technical services." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97288.
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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: A sound strategic approach to the management of the Mine Technical Services (MTS) department at Styldrift is critical. There are numerous areas of influence that play a role in the success or failure of the department. All these influences have an impact on each other and these influences need to be carefully understood. Within the MTS department there are also several subdepartments that have to be staffed, equipped and managed very well in order to get the best interdependent relationship between departments as possible. It is only through this interdependent relationship that the department can function complementarily and excel in achieving its strategic goals. Mineral resources at a mine are managed through the services from the mine technical team. There are few strategic documents in the mineral resource management (MRM) field that provide a guideline to set up a department successfully. Departments throughout the country operate on different levels with different standards without the knowledge shared from the one section to the next. For the purpose of this assignment, some of the ground principles were investigated and documented to create a link between departments, mines and companies to enable the move towards operational excellence within the MTS. Through the application of relevant literature, research was conducted on the industry to determine best practices. The industry best practices are discussed and referenced to Styldrift Specific. The strategy and management philosophy were evaluated and are highlighted in this assignment. With the literature firmly understood and the required direction from the company placed in perspective, the strategy for the MTS department could be crafted to an extent that it can be executed. Each department was broken down to manageable elements to understand the functioning of the department. The fundamental OR requirements were evaluated and are stipulated in this paper. The MTS department was then dissected through the available theory to guide the process of crafting and executing the departmental strategy. The journey through to operational excellence and the fundamental guideline of crafting and executing a strategic plan for an MTS department to manage mineral resources become clearer as the chapters of the assignment are completed. The end goal of the project was to have a document that can guide staffing, equipping and management of the MTS department at Styldrift in order to ensure success for the project, mine and surrounding communities.
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Pestilho, Andre Luiz Silva 1985. "Sistemática de isótopos estáveis aplicada à caracterização da evolução dos paleo-sistemas hidrotermais associados aos depósitos cupríferos Alvo Bacada e Alvo Castanha, Província Mineral do Carajás, PA." [s.n.], 2011. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/286851.
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Orientadores: Lena Virginia Soares Monteiro, Roberto Perez XavierDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Geociências
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-19T17:30:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Pestilho_AndreLuizSilva_M.pdf: 3902456 bytes, checksum: 1316b1f2f664966b7e4c2d9a46a528d2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011
Resumo: Localizados na porção norte da Província Mineral de Carajás, a uma distância de cerca de 8 km do depósito de óxido de ferro-cobre-ouro de Sossego, estão os depósitos de cobre Alvo Bacaba e Alvo Castanha. Esses depósitos encontram-se ao longo de uma zona de cizalhamento regional de cerca de 60 km de extensão, no limite entre o Supergrupo Itacaúnas e seu embasamento representados principalmente pelos migmatitos do complexo Xingu. O Alvo Bacaba é hospedado pelo granito Serra Dourada e pelo tonalito Bacaba, enquanto o Alvo Castanha é Ambos os depósitos exibem amplas zonas de alteração hidrotermal que compreendem quase que respectivamente a albitização, a escapolitização, a formação de óxidos de ferro, a alteração sódico-cálcica, a alteração potássica, a formação de turmalina, a sericitização, a cloritização, a epidotização e a carbonatização, embora estes depósitos mostrem diferenças, como a alteração sódico-cálcica que apesar de ser bem desenvolvida no Alvo Castanha, é quase inexistente no Alvo Bacaba, onde apenas ocorre como alteração nos gabros. Também o Alvo Bacaba possui uma associação de minerais distintas, composta por calcopirita±pirita±bornita, enquanto o Alvo Castanha exibe a associação calcopirita±pirrotita±pirita. Informações sobre evolução paragenética e dados de isótopos estáveis indicam que os depósitos Alvo Bacaba e Alvo Castanha evoluíram durante progressivo resfriamento. Entretanto, esta redução com relação à evolução paragenética foi maior no Alvo Bacaba do que no Alvo Castanha, e a fugacidade de oxigênio foi mantida alta no Alvo Bacaba. A temperatura de deposição do minério estimada para o Alvo Bacaba pode ter ocorrido entre 220 °C e 410 °C, enquanto no Alvo Castanha esta teria ocorrido entre 350 °C e 420 °C. A evolução isotópica do Alvo Bacaba é similar àquela caracterizada para o depósito de Sossego, com uma redução acentuada da temperatura acompanhada por um decréscimo no valor de ?18O e acréscimo no valor de ?D e evidências de misturas de fluido juvenil e de fonte não magmática. Já para o Alvo Castanha, as composições isotópicas dos fluidos hidrotermais indicam a predominância de uma fonte magmática. Estas características e similaridades com aquelas de Sossego podem apontar para uma contribuição de águas magmáticas e oceânicas no sistema hidrotermal que originou todos estes depósitos
Abstract: The Alvo Bacaba and Alvo Castanha copper deposits are located at the northern part of the Carajás Mineral Province, at a distant radius of about 8 km from the Sossego iron oxide-copper-gold deposit. These deposits occur along a regional shear zone 60 km wide, in the limit between the Itacaiúnas Supergroup and its basement represented mainly by migmatites of the Xingu Complex. Both deposits exhibits widespread hydrothermal alteration zones comprising albitization, scapolitization, iron oxide formation, sodic-calcic alteration, potassic alteration, tourmaline formation, sericitization, epidotization and carbonatization, although these two deposits show differences like sodic-calcic alteration, which is well developed in Alvo Castanha, but it is almost inexistant in Alvo Bacaba, being present only in its altered gabbros. Also the Alvo Bacaba shows ore minerals association essencialy composed by chalcopyrite±pyrite±bornite while the Alvo Castanha shows the association of chalcopyrite±pyrrhotite±pyrite. Paragenesis and stable isotope data indicate that the Alvo Bacaba and Alvo Castanha deposits have evolved with temperature decrease. However, the temperature drop in relation to the hydrothermal alteration succession was greater in Alvo Bacaba than the Alvo Castanha, and the oxygen fugacity was kept higher at Alvo Bacaba. The estimated temperature for ore deposition in the Alvo Bacaba was between 220 °C and 410 °C, while the Alvo Castanha it would have occurred between 350 °C and 420 °C. The isotopic evolution of the Alvo Bacaba is similar to that characterized for the Sossego deposit, with a steep temperature reduction accompanied by decrease of ?18O and increase of ?D values and fluid mixing evidences. In the Alvo Castanha, isotopic compositions of the hydrothermal fluids indicate predominance of magmatic sources. These characteristics and its similarities with those of the Sossego deposit could point to a contribution of magmatic and ocean waters in the hydrothermal system that originated all deposits
Mestrado
Geologia e Recursos Naturais
Mestre em Geociências
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Watungwa, Ostern. "An investigation into strategy implementation : the case of the Zimbabwe mining development corporation." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/95971.
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Thesis (MPA)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The aim of this research was to investigate the challenges to effective strategy implementation at the Zimbabwe Mining Development Corporation (ZMDC). Strategic planning is argued to have overshadowed the area of actual strategic implementation. Organisations put a lot of effort into drafting good plans, but do not put equal effort into their realisation. It was assumed that there is a big gap between strategic planning and implementation. This is what drove the researcher to go into the field and explore the situation at the ZMDC in greater depth in a bid to bridge the gap through research on the subject matter. Literature on strategy and strategy implementation was analysed critically. The research was guided by the post-positivism research philosophy. This research paradigm enabled the use of qualitative methods, which facilitated the interaction with respondents. The case study research design was adopted, as the research sought to discover the impediments to strategy implementation and the best way forward in turning the strategies on paper into action. The major findings were that there indeed were loopholes in strategy implementation at the ZMDC. The challenges to the strategy implementation process at the ZMDC were noted to be poor delegation, lack of training and development, poor ethical values, limited resources, low motivation of employees, poor communication and coordination, lack of control and poor teamwork. The organisation was noted to have deficient communication processes, which contributed to the challenges facing strategy implementation. The findings brought to light the fact that strategic planning starts with the executive management, hence the need for their commitment to owning the entire process of strategic planning and execution. The study revealed limited involvement of staff in the initial stages of developing strategy. In order to enhance the implementation of strategies, it was recommended that motivational leadership at the ZMDC had to be ensured. Leadership, ownership and drive are required to compete effectively and to deliver growth. Management should adopt the „Strategy into Action‟ planning approach, charting a course through performance factors, linking strategic thrusts to projects, as well as departmental and individual activity, with the ultimate goal being to enable the ZMDC to effectively translate strategic goals into results in a clear and inclusive process. To turn strategic desires into action that drives results, the ZMDC leaders need to develop strategic thrusts and broad-based action plans, putting the vision to light, and picturing to everyone what would be viewed as strategic success and what it takes to achieve and measure the desired outcomes.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van hierdie navorsing was om ondersoek in te stel na die uitdagings vir doeltreffende strategie-implementering by die Zimbabwe Mining Development Corporation (ZMDC). Daar word aangevoer dat strategiese beplanning wesenlike strategiese implementering oorskadu. Organisasies werk hard aan die opstel van goeie planne, maar werk nie ewe hard aan die verwesenliking daarvan nie. Die aanname is gemaak dat daar ʼn groot gaping tussen strategiese beplanning en implementering is. Dit het die navorser aangemoedig om die situasie by ZMDC prakties en op diepgaande wyse te ondersoek ten einde hierdie gaping deur navorsing oor die onderwerp te oorbrug. Die literatuur oor strategie en strategie-implementering is krities ontleed. Die navorsing is gerig deur ʼn post-positivisme-navorsingsfilosofie. Hierdie navorsingsparadigma het die gebruik van kwalitatiewe metodes moontlik gemaak, wat interaksie met die respondente in die hand gewerk het. ʼn Gevallestudie-navorsingsontwerp is gebruik, aangesien die doel van die navorsing was om die struikelblokke tot strategie-implementering en die beste pad vorentoe om strategie op papier in aksie oor te skakel, te bepaal. Die vernaamste bevindings was dat daar wel skuiwergate in strategie-implementering by ZMDC is. Die uitdagings rakende die strategie-implementeringsproses by ZMDC is geïdentifiseer as swak delegering, gebrek aan opleiding en ontwikkeling, swak etiese waardes, beperkte hulpbronne, lae motivering van werknemers, swak kommunikasie en koördinering, gebrek aan beheer en swak spanwerk. Daar is gemerk dat die organisasie gebrekkige kommunikasieprosesse het, wat tot die uitdagings vir strategie-implementering bydra. Die bevindings het aan die lig gebring dat strategiese beplanning by die uitvoerende bestuur begin, en dus is hul toewyding tot eienaarskap van die algehele strategiese beplannings- en uitvoeringsproses noodsaaklik. Die studie het beperkte betrokkenheid van personeel by die aanvanklike fases van strategie-ontwikkeling getoon. Ten einde die implementering van strategieë te bevorder, is die aanbeveling om motiveringsleierskap by ZMDC te verseker. Leierskap, eienaarskap en dryfkrag is nodig om doeltreffend mee te ding en te groei. Die bestuur moet die beplanningsbenadering van „Strategie in Aksie‟ aanneem, wat die weg deur prestasiefaktore aantoon en strategiese dryfkragte aan projekte asook aan departementele en individuele aktiwiteit koppel. Die uiteindelike doelwit is om ZMDC in staat te stel om strategiese doelwitte doeltreffend in ʼn duidelike en insluitende proses in resultate om te skakel. Ten einde strategiese strewes in aksie wat resultate lewer om te skakel, moet ZMDC se leiers strategiese dryfkragte en breedgebaseerde aksieplanne ontwikkel, waardeur die visie duidelik gemaak word en almal duidelikheid het oor wat as strategiese sukses beskou word en wat dit verg om die gewenste uitkomste te bereik en te meet.
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Mnwana, Sonwabile Comfords. "Participation and paradoxes: community control of mineral wealth in South Africa's Royal Bafokeng and Bakgatla Ba Kgafela communities." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/526.
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Resource control as a form of community participation in the mineral economy has gained much recognition. One prevailing argument is that direct control of natural resources by local communities is an important precondition for equitable utilisation of the natural resource wealth, peaceful co-existence between mining corporations and indigenous communities, and congenial relations between local communities and the state. Studies have also shown that the absence of direct community control of mineral wealth remains a major factor in the communal resistance and socio-political conflict witnessed in the natural resource-endowed regions of countries such as Nigeria, Ecuador, Sierra Leone and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. However, little is known about mineral resource control at the community level. Does community control necessarily translate to equity? How does local involvement in the mobilisation of mining royalties benefit different segments of the community? Indeed, how do different segments of the community “control” the wealth? What is the specific model adopted to engender broad-based community participation in the utilisation of mineral wealth – and does it matter? These theoretical and practical questions were the impetus for undertaking this study in the Royal Bafokeng and Bakgatla Ba Kgafela – two platinum-rich ‘traditional’ communities in South Africa’s North West Province that have significant control over platinum resources in their territories. Utilising ethnographic data collected in the two study communities in 2008 and 2009, the thesis examines the character of community participation in platinum wealth utilisation; specifically, the conditions under which community participation promotes or hinders sustainable community development. The analysis uses a “three-dimensional participation ladder” conceptual scheme, based in part on Sherry Arnstein’s (1969) “ladder of citizen participation” and subsequent typologies of participation. Among the key findings of the thesis are that despite observed benefits, the interface of resource wealth and community development is fraught with tokenistic participation, elite-targeted grassroots anger, and local tensions – all linked to the contradictory nature of participation. The thesis further reveals that in some instances the challenge of platinum wealth-engendered community development tends to undermine existing customary and democratic spaces for participation, and that this is exacerbated by community-level issues such as poverty and inequality. The findings of the study compel a shift of analytical focus from conflict as an epiphenomenon of collective community exclusion and deprivation (as in the case of many natural-rich countries in Sub-Saharan Africa and elsewhere), to conflict as also resulting from collective community inclusion (in natural resource utilisation). At the policy level, the study generates insights that will, hopefully, assist mineral resource-endowed countries, such as South Africa, in dealing with the challenge of developing appropriate policy frameworks for regulating business and social partnerships between local communities and mining corporations, and within resource-rich communities themselves.
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Göcks, Nara Raquel Alves. "A mineração de agregados para a construção civil no novo marco regulatório : tratamento (in) diferenciado." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UCS, 2015. https://repositorio.ucs.br/handle/11338/1142.
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A presente pesquisa examina a mineração de agregados para a construção civil e o tratamento dispensado no processo legislativo que visa instituir um novo marco regulatório para mineração brasileira. O escopo da pesquisa é verificar a pertinência de tratamento específico aos agregados minerais sob a ótica do princípio do desenvolvimento sustentável. A metodologia aplicada evidencia ser fundamental contextualizar a proposta legal, conceituar e compreender os bens e a atividade minerária, diferenciando os minerais agregados dos demais minérios. Verificadas suas especificidades, a mineração de agregados é analisada sob a ótica da sustentabilidade. O referencial teórico de José Eli da Veiga, na obra “Desenvolvimento sustentável: o desafio do século XXI” orienta a pesquisa no sentido de tecer as relações da atividade com o meio ambiente e a dignidade da pessoa humana. A pesquisa ressalta os impactos causados pela atividade, negativos ao meio ambiente e positivos no alcance da melhoria da qualidade de vida das pessoas. O estudo faz referência ao Direito Mineral Brasileiro e estudar o PL n. 5.087/2013 e seu substitutivo, reivindica aporte sobre políticas públicas e acerca do processo legislativo em tramitação. Ao final analisa os regimes de aproveitamento mineral, especificando o regime da autorização, a pesquisa mineral, a proposta acerca de ordenamento territorial mineral, a compensação financeira sobre a exploração mineral (CFEM) e quanto ao poder concedente dos direitos minerários. Pode-se concluir e confirmar a hipótese levantada que a legislação sempre privilegiou os minerais agregados dada sua essencialidade no alcance da melhoria da qualidade de vida, sendo imprescindível que seja mantido este direcionamento no tratamento deste bem social para alcance da sustentabilidade, enquanto preceito em processo de construção.Submitted by Ana Guimarães Pereira (agpereir@ucs.br) on 2016-05-11T16:08:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Nara Raquel Alves Gocks.pdf: 4504291 bytes, checksum: 4e6e0c176e65d2d97e7d3b8500a3acc6 (MD5)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, CAPES.
The research presents an approach of mining of aggregates for construction and the treatment designated in the legislative process which is being prepared to establish a New Regulatory Framework for Brazilian Mining. The scope of the research is to verify the relevance of specific treatment to mineral aggregates from the perspective of sustainable development. The applied methodology showed to be critical to contextualize the legal proposal, conceptualize and understand the assets and mining activities, differentiating the mineral aggregates of other mineral resources. Due to its specificities, mining of aggregates was analyzed from the perspective of sustainability. The theoretical reference of José Eli da Veiga, in the book "Sustainable development: the challenge of the XXI century" has oriented the research in order to identify relations of mining of aggregates to the environment and human dignity. The research highlighted the impacts caused by mining of aggregates, negative for the environment and positive due to improving quality of life. The study refers to The Brazilian Mineral Law, the Law Project n° 5087/2013, and its replacement, that inputs public policy. At the end, mineral exploitation regimes were analyzed, specifying the “regime of authorization”, mineral exploration, the proposal concerning mineral land planning, the financial compensation for mineral exploration (CFEM) and the mining rights. It was possible to conclude and confirm the hypothesis that the law has always privileged the mineral aggregates given its essentiality to improve quality of life and it is essential to maintain this condition to achieve sustainability while precept in process of construction.
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Carvelas, Wray Anthony. "The development of a strategic business plan to grow the mining and minerals division of Kellogg Brown & Root into Sub-Saharan Africa." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/4906.
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Thesis (MBA (Business Management))--University of Stellenbosch, 1999.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Globally the mining and minerals market is experiencing a decline. With this decline, focus is turning to Africa as an unexplored mineral wealth. In terms of global exploration expenditure, Africa is said to be experiencing the highest percentage growth of any other regional budget. The Halliburton company is reputed to be the premier source for the engineering and construction of refineries, chemical plants, and pipelines along with office buildings, infrastructure systems, government facilities, and much more. The South African office has recently established a mining and minerals division, which has experienced certain measures of success, however, a failure of the division appears to be the total lack of a significant growth strategy. This has resulted in the division becoming a one-client business. The Sub-Saharan market is characterised by unique challenges, which require a strong culture aligned with its market environment, strategic choice and distinctive competencies to be successful in the market. The purpose of this study project is primarily to make a contribution to the formulation of strategic direction in order to obtain practical implementation guidelines given the unique opportunities and challenges presented in this market. The formulation of the strategy for the mining and minerals business unit is achieved firstly be analysing the Sub-Saharan market, the dominant economic traits, and conducting a full industry and competitive analysis. Secondly, organisation situation analysis of Kellogg Brown & Root is conducted in order to assess the competitive positioning of the firm and distinct capabilities that the firm possesses, and those necessary for success in the market. This will include conducting an analysis of the internal strengths and weaknesses, of the company, and the external opportunities and threats facing the company. From the analyses conducted, strategic challenges are identified and suggestions are made to address these challenges. A strategic intent is proposed together with a mission statement, and a strategic and financial statement of objectives is developed. These statements of intent are not intended to prescribe to the firm and it's employees what the strategic approach should be, but to form the basis of further discussions and research and should not give way to misleading and unwarranted interpretations. The strategy formulated is superimposed onto the corporate strategy and no major discordance is evident. From the analyses conducted and strategy formulation process, suggestions are made that could provide manageable guidelines for the final implementation of the strategic business plan for the minerals division.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Tans word 'n afname in die mynbou en minerale mark wêreldwyd ondervind. As gevolg van hierdie afname het die fokus na Afrika as 'n onverkende minerale rykdom verskuif. In terme van wêreldwye eksplorasie besteding, word beweer dat Afrika die hoogste persentasie groei ten opsigte van enige ander streeksbegroting ondervind. Die Halliburton maatskappy word beskou as 'n vername bron vir die ontwikkeling en konstruksie van raffinaderye, chemiese aanlegte, pyplyne, geassosieerde kantoor geboue, infrastrukture, regerings fasiliteite en vele meer. Die Suid Afrikaanse kantoor het onlangs 'n mynwese en minerale afdeling op die been gebring wat al 'n mate van sukses ondervind het. Dit wil egter voorkom asof 'n tekortkoming van die afdeling 'n gebrek aan 'n doelgerigte groei strategie is. Dit het tot gevolg gehad dat die afdeling tot 'n een-kliënt-saak verval het. Die Sub-Sahara mark word gekenmerk deur unieke uitdagings wat 'n sterk kultuur inlyn met die mark omgewing, strategiese keuses en relevante bevoegdhede verg om suksesvol in die mark te wees. Die hoofdoel van hierdie studie is om 'n bydrae te maak tot die formulering van 'n strategiese koers met die doel om praktiese implementerings riglyne daar te stel, met inagneming van die unieke geleenthede en uitdagings wat in die mark bestaan. Die formulering van 'n strategie vir die mynwese en minerale besigheidsektor word eerstens verkry deur 'n analise van die Sub-Sahara mark, dominerende ekonomiese eienskappe en 'n ontleding van die industriele en mededingende omgewing. Tweedens word 'n organisaie situasie analise van Kellogg Brown & Root uitgevoer om die kompeterings posisie, huidige kenmerkende bekwaamhede en die wat benodig word vir sukses in die mark, van die maatskappy vas te stel. Dit sluit 'n ontleding van die interne swak en sterk punte van die maatskappy, asook die eksterne geleenthede en bedreigings vir die maatskappy in. Vanuit hierdie analise word strategiese uitdagings geidentifiseer en word voorstelle gemaak om hierdie uitdagings aan te spreek. 'n Strategiese oogmerk, tesame met 'n doelwitstelling word voorgestel, en 'n strategiese en finansiele doelstelling word ontwikkel. Die doel van hierdie studie projek is nie om aan die maatskappy en sy werknemers 'n strategiese benadering voor te skryf nie, maar om die basis te vorm vir verdere bespreking en navorsing. Die studie moet nie aanleiding gee tot verkeerde en misleidende vertolkings nie. Die geformuleerde strategie is ook met die huidige korporatiewe strategie vergelyk en geen noemenswaardige verskille is ooglopend nie. Vanuit die analise en die strategiese formuleringsproses word praktiese riglyne voorgestel vir die implementering van die strategiese besigheidsplan vir die mynwese en minerale afdeling.
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Hisada, Toru. "Indigenous Development and Self-Determination in West Papua: A Case Study of the Socio-Political and Economic Impacts of Mining upon the Amungme and Kamoro Communities of West Papua." The University of Waikato, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10289/2457.
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Since West Papua was colonized by Indonesia in 1963, West Papuans have endured one of the most disastrous experiences of cultural and environmental destruction, human rights abuses and mass killing of the twentieth century. In the Western Highlands of West Papua, where Freeport McMoRan, a mining company from Louisiana, United States (U.S.), operates, there have been long-standing disputes over environmental justice, human rights, the right to control development, and wealth distribution. Substantial research has been done on the negative impacts of the Freeport's operation on the Amungme and Kamoro communities who reside in the company's operating area. Yet, limited research has been done regarding Freeport's social policies and the possible solutions to the issues which are crucial for the further development of Amungme and Kamoro. Therefore, the thesis firstly examines Freeport's recent social policies which have attempted to address the two communities' concerns as well as the social problems the company has caused around its operating area. The examination suggests that genuine reconciliation between Amungme and Kamoro communities and Freeport is a crucial next step in achieving successful community development in the area. The thesis employs a case study of the South African reconciliation processes via Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) to explore the prospects of achieving successful community development in Freeport's operating area of West Papua which might lead to prosperity for the Amungme and Kamoro peoples. In addition to this, the prospect of preventing the human rights violations by the Indonesian Military (Tentera Nasional Indonesia-TNI) is considered. The TNI, by carrying out the role of protecting the Freeport operation, has until today committed a large number of human rights violations against indigenous West Papuans around the mine thus preventing and inhibiting the future development of Amungme and Kamoro communities. Since major countries, including the U.S., the United Kingdom (UK), New Zealand and Australia, have until today, supported the Indonesia state and the TNI, the attitude of Pacific Island states towards the issue is examined. Finally, although the above processes are important, the study suggests the more important role of the Amungme and Kamoro themselves in taking responsibility for their plight and taking positive actions wherever possible to solve the issues surrounding them. Although the conflict continues to the present day, the research contained in the thesis outlines the situation in West Papua only up until November 2006.
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Flores, Jose Cruz do Carmo. "Fechamento da mina : aspectos tecnicos, juridicos e socioambientais." [s.n.], 2006. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/286759.
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Orientador: Hildebrando HerrmannTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Geociencias
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Resumo: o fechamento de mina insere-se como uma nova fase na vida do projeto de mineração. Seus principais objetivos são garantir que a saúde e a segurança públicas não serão comprometidas no futuro; que os recursos ambientais não serão expostos a posterior deterioração biológica, física e ou química; que o uso pós-mineração da propriedade será benéfico à comunidade e sustentável no longo prazo; e que quaisquer impactos socioeconômicos adversos serão mitigados. Os conceitos e procedimentos relativos ao fechamento de mina vêm se expandindo rapidamente, em termos de escopo e responsabilidade dos principais grupos interessados, dentre eles governo, empresas, comunidades impactadas e organizações não-governamentais (ONGs), instituições financeiras de crédito e outros componentes da sociedade civil. O Direito - como ciência social que o é - vem explicitando a consciência e a preocupação da sociedade com o adequado e seguro fechamento das minas, e internalizando as melhores práticas par.a se atingir seus objetivos. Esta tese dedica-se ao estudo e análise da arte do fechamento de mina sob os seus diversos aspectos. Ressalta-se a importância econômica e social da mineração, através da análise dos aspectos positivos e negativos desta atividade humana. Introduz-se o fechamento de mina como uma nova fase do projeto de mineração. Apresentam-se os conceitos de alguns termos usualmente encontrados nos trabalhos relativos ao tema fechamento de mina. Apontam-se as principais causas que conduzem ao fechamento, os tipos de fechamento que podem ocorrer e as etapas que integram o processo. Analisam-se os principais impactos ambientais, econômicos e sociais advindos do fechamento. Abordam-se os aspectos técnicos, jurídicos e socioambientais inerentes ao fechamento de mina na legislação de alguns países selecionados. Sintetiza-se a regulamentação do tema na legislação brasileira. Expõem-se os programas de fechamento de algumas minas brasileiras, de pequeno, médio e grande porte. Ao final, recomendam-se algumas questões inerentes ao evento, como sugestões para futuros estudos e pesquisas, e apresenta-se, como apêndice, a proposta de um conjunto de diretrizes, como contribuição ao estudo do tema e à progressiva regulamentação desta fase do projeto de mineração no Brasil
Abstract: Mine closure is a new stage in the life of a mining project. Its main objectives are guarantee that the future public hea1th and safety are not compromised; environmental resources are not subject to further physical and chemical deterioration; the post-mining use of a site is beneficial and sustainable in the long-tenn; and any adverse socio-economic impacts are minimized. The concepts and principIes surrounding mine closure are rapidly evolving in tenns of the supposed scope and responsibility of the major interested groups, among them government, industry, impacted communities and other stakeholders such as non-governmental organisations (NGOs), financial institutions and other components of civil society. The Law - as a social science - has highlighted the society conscious and preoccupation with the proper and safe mine closure and intemalized the best practices to achieve its purposes. This thesis focuses in the study and analysis of the evolution of mine closure art - under its several aspects. Highlight the economic and social importance of mining, through the analysis of positive and negative aspects of this human activity. Mine closure is introduced as new stage of the mining project. It is presented the concepts of some tenns usually employed in studies related to mine closure. Emphasize the main causes that can direct to closure, the types of closure that can occur and the steps part of this processo The main environmental, economic and social impacts from the mine closure process are analysed. Deal with technical, legal, social and environmental aspects in the law of some selected countries. Synthesize mine closure regulation in the Brazilian Law. Approach the programmes in course for closure of some small, medium and large size Brazilian mines. At the end recommends some points inherent to mine closure as suggestions to future researches and presents, as an appendix, a proposal of guidelines as a contribution to the study and the progressive regulation on mine closure in Brazil
Doutorado
Administração e Politica de Recursos Minerais
Doutor em Ciências
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Magagula, Nancy Selemagae. "Stochastic characterisation of a mining production system." Thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/23001.
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A dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, University
of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree
of Master of Science in Engineering.
Johannesburg, 2016There are discrepancies between deterministic mine planning and the actual mining process due to geological uncertainties associated with mineral deposits and inherent production system variabilities. The misalignment between the planning process and the actual mine production process often leads to non-achievement of production outcomes. Stochastic mine planning has been developed to minimise these misalignments but it is computationally intense and requires constraint functions to operate effectively. However, the stochastic mine planning approaches in literature do not have an embedded process analysing the interactions between the Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) and the mine production activities. This dissertation proposes an approach to study the interactions/correlations between KPIs used to measure the progress of a mining operation and the mining activities. The Multinomial Logistic Regression (MLR) approach is a non-linear and non-normal measurement method which can assist in understanding the behaviour of mine production activities when compared to assessed KPIs. The MLR model can also assist in establishing which production activities require maximisation or minimisation in attaining the desired KPIs. This study shows that 71% of the KPIs for a case study in mining production system are influenced by the movements of the production activities in the mining process and the level of uncertainty on the forecasted KPIs is reduced through applying the MLR model. This method will help mining companies in assessing in the initial stages of mine planning the mine production activities that management should focus on to achieve desired KPIs by directing more effort and resources to these statistically significant activities.
MT2017
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Eduardo, Benjamin Enrique. "Financial and economic analysis of environmental controls in the Peruvian mining industry." 1994. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/32952445.html.
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Nkosi, Lolah. "Social impact of mining." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/13886.
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LL.M. (International Law)Mining is an activity which contributes greatly and positively to a country’s economic development by creating job opportunities, development of roads, health care centres and educational facilities. However, mining in certain instances can also have a long lasting negative environmental and social impact on communities. The focus of this dissertation will be to address those instances where mining has a negative social impact on the communities where such mining projects are taking place. The negative social impact of mining in certain cases is regarded as a universal phenomenon. Citizens of many countries where mining activities take place i.e. “mining counties” especially in the under-developed, developing and countries with economies in transition, such as Ghana, Mali, South Africa and Tanzania in an African Continent are confronted with an array of negative consequences associated with the negative social impact of mining activities. However this does not mean that other continents are immune from this. Asian countries such as Paupau New Guinea, India, and China are also faced with the negative social impact of mining.
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Ashraf, Hamid. "Mineral development for growth: developing a mineral policy framework and mining cadastre system for Pakistan." Thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/23451.
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A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy.
Johannesburg, 2017Mineral resources can act as key for economic growth and have the potential to transform economies and societies. The extent to which such transformation takes place varies depending upon the method of their use. Pakistan is gifted with significant mineral resources that have the potential to lift its economy and bring prosperity to its citizens. For this to happen, Pakistan must formulate a mineral policy based on leading practices to attract mining investment and increase the sector contribution to GDP in the range of 3 – 5%. The fundamental objective of this research is to investigate the process of mineral policy development of Pakistan against leading developing minerals-based economies and to formulate a strategic fit mineral policy framework, keeping in mind its fragile political, socio-economic and security environment. Developing countries with mineral wealth must try to gain maximum benefit from their mineral resources. These are national assets and should be managed responsibly and not used unwisely. For the gap analysis between Pakistan‘s current mineral policy framework and leading developing countries, five criteria were formulated. Two basic principles were kept in mind with the choice of countries; first, a developing country like Pakistan should be selected; and second, at least two countries should be Islamic. Eight developing courtiers, Chile, Mexico, Brazil, Peru, India, South Africa, Kazakhstan and Turkey were selected for analysis. The key elements for the mineral sector of Pakistan are; Pakistan‘s mineral sector is lacking an enabling institutional framework for efficient access to mineral resources; it lacks an enabling fiscal and regulatory framework for mining to enhance the economic attractiveness of the sector; and the absence of a mining Cadastre System to secure mineral rights prevents security of tenure. Six stakeholders, Government and its implementation bodies; Mining industry; Local communities and their representatives; Law enforcing agencies (LEA's); Religious Monarchs; and Financial institutions were identified and their role defined in policy development framework. A new mineral Policy Framework was formulated based on seven key enablers, namely; institutional framework; stable political economy; legal framework; regulatory framework; fiscal framework; stakeholder participation; and sustainable development. A new organisational structure of the Ministry is proposed based on the generally accepted organisational structure of tiers, implementation and regulatory bodies. An implementation plan based on three building blocks was developed for implementation of the new Mineral Policy Framework. Implementation of an enabling Institutional framework and other key elements of mineral policy framework were suggested to be implemented through the constitution of a Mineral Development Advisory Committee (MDAC). A PakMining Cadastre system was suggested to be constituted under the new Ministry for secure minerals rights system. System design and the geometrical architecture of the PakMining Cadastre System were also suggested.
MT 2017
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Chambers, Colin Edward. "Environmental policy and metal mining in Ontario in the 1990's : how an old industry gained new power /." 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/yorku/fullcit?pNR11556.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--York University, 2004. Graduate Programme in Environmental Studies.Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 251-262). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/yorku/fullcit?pNR11556
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Van, der Bijl Jacob. "Analysis of capital allocation by mining companies." Thesis, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/10539/29431.
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A research report in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Science in Engineering submitted to the Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, University of the Witwatersrand, 2019Mining operations are by nature capital intensive. Historically mining companies have in general been poor at capital allocation decision making, which translated in poor returns on capital invested and impairments. Better capital allocation strategies are required for mining companies to unlock more value from invested capital. This research focussed on identifying factors to consider during the capital allocation decision-making process that can potentially unlock value in mineral projects. The research included a review of capital allocation decisions and performance of five mining companies from 2001 to 2017. This period covers one full commodity price cycle to determine the impact of the prevailing commodity price on capital allocation decisions. Through analysis of the historical capital allocation of the five mining companies the research aimed to test if it is possible to unlock value by allocating capital in a counter cyclical approach compared to the prevailing commodity prices. From the analysis of the historical capital allocation decisions made by five mining companies a number of common trends were identified. The research found that during a period of higher commodity prices, mining companies focussed primarily on volume growth. This is confirmed by a strong correlation between the value of capital approvals and the average commodity prices of the basket of minerals produced. The higher allocation of capital towards growth initiatives, such as expansionary capital and acquisitions, have in a number of instances resulted in significant capital over-expenditures in projects. The over-expenditures have directly contributed to a number of impairment charges made by the diversified mining companies during a declining commodity price cycle. Conversely, during periods of declining commodity prices mining companies focused on rationalisation of mining projects and operations and disposal of assets that do not meet minimum investment criteria. During these periods capital allocation towards growth projects were reduced, with most capital allocated to reduction of net debt on the balance sheet. The research found a common trend of higher capital allocation towards growth projects during historical high commodity prices, and during subsequent lower commodity prices capital allocation was directed towards reduction of net debt and disposal of loss making assets. Results from the research conducted on the five mining companies indicated that there may be correlation between return on investment and the timing of the capital investment in relation to the position on the commodity price cycle at the time of the investment. However, the results obtained for the five mining companies were influenced by operational returns from existing operations, which makes it difficult to determine returns realised on incremental capital expenditures. From the results obtained from the analysis the following recommendations are made for a capital allocation strategy to increase the probability of unlocking value over the long term. Firstly, a company should have a clear capital allocation framework that is guided by the mining company’s strategic objectives. The framework should clearly indicate the hierarchy of importance when allocating capital to different areas. Secondly the company should clearly identify the minimum investment criteria to be met before capital is allocated to an investment. Lastly the mining company should aim to consistently invest capital throughout the commodity price cycle, and be cautious of over allocating capital towards growth projects during periods of high commodity prices.
TL (2020)
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Bezuidenhout, Johannes Jacobus. "A guide for managing the resource model of the copper block-cave at Palabora Mining Company." Thesis, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/10539/25961.
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A Project Report submitted to the Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Engineering.
Phalaborwa, 24 May 2018The renowned PMC’s copper open pit operation transitioned from surface copper operations to an underground operation in 2002. An exploration shaft from within the open pit, having an exploration tunnel below the open pit bottom served ideally for downward resource exploration drilling. Palabora Underground Mining Project was a first to cave in very competent lithology rock types which utilised the crinkle cut method at its undercut level. Unfortunately, the inadequate underground exploration drilling limited the resource classification and confidence levels, having inadequate drilling to represent the vast footprint block cave area. Consequently, the head grade and the modelled grade required annual revisions. The head grade and modelled grades diverted from each other more than once, despite all the numerous studies with minor and significant model improvements. The block model refinements included adjustments made to the block sizes, draw column alignments with blocks and additions such as the dolerite dilution representation within blocks. The resource model revision pointed firstly to the grade change between the mill grades and predicted modelled grade, and secondly to the identified geometric change and rectification thereof. Significant technical studies refined the resource model to satisfactory levels of confidence. However, the elusive cave behaviour encouraged more studies and refinements as new information became available over time. The copper open pit’s north wall failure occurred in 2004, and this failure material contributed to significant resource losses. The importance of the many approaches and models which predicted or assumed the possible block cave’s life after the failure characterises the PMC block cave uniquely. Some of the significant studies over time, encapsulated in this project report sketch a realistic timeline of the copper block cave at Palabora Mining Company. The initial resource losses became somewhat redeemed during the 2015 study where some of the copper gains were within the failure’s glacial flow, and not from the likely toppling effect which injected some additional years to the life of mine.
MT 2018