Academic literature on the topic 'Ming Dynasty, 1368-1644'

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Journal articles on the topic "Ming Dynasty, 1368-1644"

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Robinson, David. "The Ming Dynasty (1368–1644) and Its Non-Han Military Auxiliaries." China and Asia 5, no. 2 (January 24, 2024): 177–223. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2589465x-05020004.

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Abstract War is as much an exercise in building relations as breaking enemies. Relation building inevitably involves transfer—whether it is movement of people, exchange of goods, formation of social ties, or change of identity. This article focuses on efforts by the Ming dynasty (1368–1644) to secure skilled fighters from among populations that it viewed as distinct from the Chinese (or Han) majority but still integral parts of the polity. Contemporaries understood that alliances were indispensable for securing diverse sources of military labor, and they invested considerable political, economic, and cultural capital to build and maintain those relationships. The resulting exchanges, which included people, animals, textiles, gowns, silver, and more, were an essential feature of dynastic rule, a defining element of newly incorporated subjects, and an integral dimension of indigenous power.
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Ditmanson, Peter. "Moral authority and rulership in Ming literati thought." European Journal of Political Theory 16, no. 4 (May 1, 2017): 430–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1474885117706181.

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This article explores the crises and debates surrounding the management of imperial family matters, especially succession, under the Ming Dynasty (1368–1644) as an approach to understanding the limits of imperial power and the nature of literati discourse on the imperium. Ming officials and members of the literati community became passionately engaged in the debates on imperial family decisions, regarding the moral order of the imperial family as a key feature of their prerogatives over imperial power. This prerogative was based upon claims to Neo-Confucian moral authority. Over the course of the dynasty, these claims grew increasingly widespread and increasingly vociferous.
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Pochekaev, R. Yu, and I. V. Tutaev. "Some thoughts on historical and legal aspects regarding the fourth volume of the “Laws of the Great Ming dynasty” translated into Russian. [Review on:] Svistunova N. P. (transl.), Dmitriev S. V. (ed.). Laws of the Great Ming Dynasty with the Combined Commentary and Enclosed Decrees (Da Ming Liuy Tsi Tze Fu Li). Pt. IV. Moscow: Vostochnaya literature; 2019. 550 p." Orientalistica 3, no. 4 (December 28, 2020): 1202–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.31696/2618-7043-2020-3-4-1202-1214.

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The article is a survey of the Russian translation of “Laws of the Great Ming dynasty” in four volumes published since 1997 to 2019. The introduction of this legal monument to the Russian scientific society is of great importance as it substantially expands contemporary idea on Chinese traditional legal system and meets a lack in the history of law ofChinain 14th–17th cc.To survey the legal monument there special legal scientific methods were used. Historical legal approach allowed to trace the creation and acting of this codification in the specific historical circumstances, value its urgency for the epoch of Ming dynasty (1368–1644). Comparative legal method gave an opportunity to compare this legal monument with other codifications of traditional Chinese law since the ancient times to the legislation of Qing, last dynasty of the imperialChina(1644–1911). Formal legal approach provided the analysis of the legal technique of the document, specific features of its structure and content, characteristic of legal terminology, etc.The analysis allowed to appreciate the “Laws of the Great Ming dynasty” at its high value as a source on history, state and law of medievalChina. It had similarities and differences with other sources of traditional Chinese law. Besides, it is of great importance for the further development of legislation of imperialChina.The codification is an important document on statehood and law of the Ming China as it contains valuable information on power system and competence of authorities, basic fields of legal relations in the medieval Chinese society. Its structure is traditional (based on the example of codification of Tang dynasty, 618–907), at the same time it has larger volume and regulates new fields of legal relations, takes into account changes in the internal and externaln status ofChinaafter the expelling the Mongolian Yuan dynasty (1271–1368) and foundation of “national” Ming dynasty. Some principles of domestic and foreign policy of Qing dynasty were legally fixed during the epoch of Ming.The analyzed legal monument is of great interest for researchers of the history ofChina, its state and law. In fact, each chapter as well as specific articles and supplement statements could be a subject of investigation. “Laws of the Great Ming dynasty” also could be used by lecturers of history of state and law and for students who study this discipline.
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Jia, Dan, Yikai Li, and Xiuqi Fang. "Complexity of factors influencing the spatiotemporal distribution of archaeological settlements in northeast China over the past millennium." Quaternary Research 89, no. 2 (February 22, 2018): 413–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/qua.2017.112.

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AbstractRelic archeological settlement is used to indicate the development of agriculture. We extracted 8865 relic archeological settlements from theAtlas of Chinese Cultural Relicsto analyze how the spatiotemporal distribution of archaeological settlements was influenced by temperature changes and social factors during the last millennium. During the Liao dynasty (AD 916–1125) and Jin dynasty (AD 1115–1234) in the Medieval Warm Period (MWP), a large number of settlements indicated the development of agriculture as far north as 47°N. The warm climate of the MWP provided sufficient heat resources to promote the implication of positive policies of the Liao and Jin dynasties to develop agriculture and settlements. By contrast, during the dynasties of Yuan (AD 1279–1368), Ming (AD 1368–1644), and Qing (AD 1644–1911) in the Little Ice Age (LIA), the number of settlements declined drastically, and the northern boundary of the settlement distribution retreated by 3–4 degrees of latitude to modern Liaoning Province. Although the southward retreat of the settlements and related agriculture occurred in the cold climate of the LIA, it could not be completely explained by the drop in temperature. Social factors including nomadic customs, ethnic policies, and postal road systems played more important roles to the northern boundaries of the settlement distributions during the Yuan, Ming, and Qing dynasties.
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Ng, Ashton. "Bibliophilia: the Passion of Ming Dynasty Private Book Collectors." Ming Qing Yanjiu 24, no. 2 (October 13, 2020): 279–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24684791-12340051.

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Abstract In the Ming dynasty (1368–1644), book collecting evolved from an elite pastime into a widespread obsession. ‘Bibliophilia’—the passionate love for books—drove many book collectors to exhaust their fortunes or even trade their concubines for books. As books became indispensable towards gaining respectability in Chinese society, scholars, merchants, and landowners ensured that their residences were thoroughly infused with the prestigious “fragrance of books”. Some literati even regarded book collecting as a man’s most important undertaking in life. Ming private book collectors broke away from tradition and made their private collections available for others to view, exchange, or copy, greatly promoting the circulation of books. Through their incredible attention to the collection, classification, storage, and proofreading of books, Ming bibliophiles contributed enormously to the preservation and transmission of Chinese culture.
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Dardess, John, Frederick W. Mote, and Denis Twitchett. "The Cambridge History of China, Volume 7: The Ming Dynasty, 1368-1644." Journal of the American Oriental Society 110, no. 1 (January 1990): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/603917.

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Farmer, Edward L., Frederick W. Mote, and Denis Twitchett. "The Cambridge History of China. Volume 7, The Ming Dynasty, 1368-1644." American Historical Review 95, no. 5 (December 1990): 1601. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2162852.

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Li, Jingjing. "Far and Near: A Parallel Study between Lorenzo Valla and Li Zhi." Ming Qing Yanjiu 22, no. 1 (November 14, 2018): 13–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24684791-12340019.

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Abstract The fifteenth-century Italian humanist Lorenzo Valla (1407–1457) and the Chinese philosopher of the Ming Dynasty (1368–1644) Li Zhi 李贄 (1527–1602) are both famous for their rebellion against the mainstream culture of their respective nations and times. A parallel study of the writers allows us to consider fifteenth-century Italy alongside sixteenth-century China, and vice versa. The similarities and differences provide perspective on both cultures, and on the reciprocal influence between philosophy and social development.
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Dodgen, Randall. "Hydraulic Religion: ‘Great King’ Cults in the Ming and Qing." Modern Asian Studies 33, no. 4 (October 1999): 815–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x99003492.

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In the middle years of the Ming (1368–1644) dynasty, temples dedicated to the Fourth Son Golden Dragon Great King (jin long si da wang) began to appear on dikes and in administrative centers along the Yellow River and the Grand Canal. The Golden Dragon cult originated as an ancestral cult dedicated to an apotheosized Southern Song (1127–1280) patriot from the Hangzhou area. It later became popular with boatmen and merchants who travelled on the Grand Canal. Beginning in the sixteenth century, hydraulic officials promoted the cult as an adjunct to their administration of the Canal and the Yellow River.
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Bargueño-Gómez, Eugenio, and Ma Xiao. "Diseño de joyas de oro y plata en la dinastía Ming (1368-1644) = Design of gold and silver jewelry in the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644)." Ardin. Arte, Diseño e Ingeniería, no. 13 (April 1, 2024): 49–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.20868/ardin.2024.13.5214.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Ming Dynasty, 1368-1644"

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魏城璧 and Sing-bik Cindy Ngai. "A study of court drama in the early Ming Dynasty." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1998. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31221531.

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Lawrence, Marilyn Ann. "Wu Wei (1459-1508) and Lu Zhi (1496-1576) : the urban hermitage versus the peach blossom spring." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28101.

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This thesis focuses on two early and middle Ming (1368-1580) artists and deals with the role of Chinese historiography in the perpetuation of the dichotomy between the so-called "professional" and the so-called "scholar-amateur" artist. While traditional Chinese historical and biographical sources are an invaluable tool for the sinologist, including the Chinese art historian, the convention adopted by Chinese historians of casting subjects into standard characterized roles has contributed to this dichotomy and resulted in the ongoing debate over the value of the professional artist in China. Historically, Chinese critics and collectors have made a distinction between professional and amateur artists. The traditional Chinese critical bias has been in favour of the scholar-amateur artist. In fact, in much critical literature there is a stigma attached to professionalism in painting. The major initial Western studies of Chinese painting represented a continuation of the traditional Chinese dichotomies. More recently, various kinds of positions have been taken up by Western scholars. James Cahill suggests that a correlation can be made between an artist's painting style and social and economic factors (such as lifestyle, formal training, means of livelihood, demands of patrons, and so on). Richard Barnhart instead defends the professional artist: He believes that Cahill perpetuates the bias in favour of the amateur artist, and that a correlation between an artist's style and social and economic factors is not useful, being too restrictive and general. Their debate was taken up in a series of letters, and this debate has continued down to the present. Some of the most recent Western interpretations attempt to try to break down the earlier dichotomies, and my research supports this interpretive trend. In this context the thesis examines the life and works of two relatively minor artists of the Ming dynasty, the "professional" artist Wu Wei (1459-1508) and the "scholar-amateur" artist Lu Zhi (1496-1576). I discuss the Chinese biographical tradition and have translated the appropriate texts and biographies. Then by examining the paintings themselves in the context of the two artists' environments — Wu Wei in Beijing and Nanjing and Lu Zhi in Suzhou — I show that both of these artists enjoyed the freedom of working in a wide variety of different painting traditions. Early and middle Ming painting criticism is also examined, in addition to the influence of Late Ming (1580-1644) painting criticism and its effect on our perception of Chinese artists. In terms of style, aesthetics, and intellectual outlook, Wu Wei and Lu Zhi may, at first, appear to stand at opposite poles. However, my study of the life circumstances of Wu Wei and Lu Zhi reveals that they share surprisingly similar backgrounds, concerns, and views on their artwork. In addition, an examination of the works of these two artists suggests that a greater fluidity of style and of subject matter existed in the early and middle Ming period than one would expect from the theories based on Late Ming criticism. In other words, the distinction between professional and scholar-amateur artists is overdrawn: Wu Wei and Lu Zhi do not fit neatly into the later understandings of accepted categories or roles, nor do their paintings entirely accord with the theories originating in the Late Ming Period.
Arts, Faculty of
Art History, Visual Art and Theory, Department of
Graduate
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Wong, Yuk-tung, and 黃毓棟. "The orientation of Han Chinese intellectuals after the collapse of the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644)." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31244968.

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Fong, Kam Ping. "The withering sprout : prefectural judiciary and legal professionalism in the early Qing dynasty." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2015. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/105.

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This study highlights the influence of the Ming-Qing transition on legal justice in China. According to mainstream sinicisation (Hanhua ..) theory, Manchu was assimilated into the Han majority and ruled China using the old Ming government system. This study proves otherwise via an extensive examination of the transition’s effect on legal justice, particularly the abolition of the prefectural judge (tuiguan..) position during the early Qing Dynasty. In the Yuan and Ming eras, judges emerged as unique officials specialising in juridical responsibilities and demonstrating the sophistication of legal justice. However, institutional reform during the Qing Dynasty pushed local administrators (prefects; zhifus..) into taking over prefectural judiciary responsibilities, gradually blurring the functional line between justice and civil executives until prefectural judges were ultimately banished from service. This study investigates the reasons behind the elimination of the prefectural judge position and the decline of legal professionalism in sixteenth and seventeenth century China. The findings demonstrate the great differences between the Ming and Qing legal systems and an alternative perspective for assessing the significance of the Ming-Qing transition is proposed.
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郭嘉輝. "明洪武時期「朝貢制度」之研究 (1368-1398)= The Chinese tributary system during the Hongwu era of the Ming dynasty, 1368-1398." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2015. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/170.

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孟森(1868-1938)先生曾言「中國自三代以後,得國最正者,惟漢與明。 匹夫起事,無憑藉威柄之嫌。為民除暴,無預窺神器之意。而明之驅元,又 多一光復華夏之功」點出了明太祖(朱元璋,1328-1398,在位1368-1398) 於國史上的地位在於「得國最正」及「光復華夏」,接著又提到「明祖有國, 當胡元盡紊法度之後,一切準古酌今,掃除更始,所定制度,遂奠二百數十 年之國基」、「清無制作,盡守明之制作,而國祚亦與明相等。故於明一代, 當措意其制作。措意明之制作,即當究心於明祖之開國」,歸納出「明祖開國」 於明清兩代五百餘年政治制度的意義。洪武時期於國史上的雙重意義,非常 值得我們探究,特別是太祖在「重造華夏」的過程底下傳統中國對外體制- 「朝貢制度」是怎樣被重新構築。這一新體制不論在思想、禮儀、政制或是 貿易層面都呈現與別不同的面貌,並深深地影響明清五百餘年的軌跡。此即 討論太祖朝貢制度之因由。 因此,本文以思想、禮儀、政制、貿易四項課題為重心,分為七章:第 一章為導論,從研究回顧、論文架構、史料、定義交代本文的佈局;第二章 從洪武時期的對外詔令、敕撰書考察明太祖的天下觀、對外思想與「朝貢」 理念;第三章,先梳理歷代賓禮的流變以突顯明代之特色,繼而從朝會、冊 封兩方面,分析太祖對外思想所呈現「華夷定分」的秩序;第四章,從洪武 賓禮的發展與實踐說明「重造華夏」的過程及其於東亞各國的文化意義;第 五章,從中央、地方機構兩層面說明「朝貢制度」的對外事務是如何被太祖 被重塑,並分析遣外使節的特色;第六章,利用計量分析,從「給賜」與「貢 物」兩方面說明「朝貢貿易」對明初社會經濟的影響,並從通貨、海禁、廢 除市舶司等背景評析。第七章為結論,對洪武時期「朝貢制度」作全面的評 價。 Meng Sen ( 孟森,1868-1938), one of the pioneers of Ming studies, highlighted the significance of Zhu Yuanzhang (Ming Taizu, r.1368-1398) as a leader who “recovered China (from “barbarian Yuan rule) and founded Ming institutions which would subsequently be adapted by the Qing state. Zhu Yuanzhang’s achievements in re-shaping the pattern and context of traditional Chinese foreign relations by establishing the tributary system exemplify his reputation for “recreating Hua-xia (the historical Chinese polity). This dissertation takes the “tributary system (chaogong zhidu) of the Ming dynasty’s Hongwu reign as a case study, exploring its characteristics through the lenses of statecraft philosophy, rituals, institutions and trade. It comprises seven chapters. Chapter one illustrate the scope, the methodology, and the sources of this research. Chapter two analyzes Ming Taizu’s views of Tianxia, diplomatic thought, and the definition of “tributary expressed in imperial edicts. Chapter three examines the Ming tributary system’s features by comparing the developments of “guest rituals. Chapter four analyzes the process and influence of “recreating Hua-xia by evaluating Hongwu’s guest rituals as an example. Chapter five shows the formation and restructuring of institutions dealing with foreign relations. Chapter six discusses the effectiveness of tributary trade by reviewing its fiscal background and the exchange of tribute items and gifts. The final chapter is the conclusion. By adopting such approaches, this dissertation strives to present a comprehensive picture about the Hongwu emperor’s contributions to traditional Chinese foreign relations.
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Kam, Pun-pun, and 金彬彬. "A prelimary study of the xiao pin in the late Ming period(ca.1573-1644)." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B48394634.

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The development of the xiao pin in the late Ming period (ca.1573-1644) could be explained by four reasons: the political background, the development of economy in the south, the new literary theories advocated and the social background changed. There are different forms of the xiao pin in the late Ming period, such as diaries, biographies, travel accounts, essays, etc.. Mostly they are short compositions, yet they can express the genuine feelings of the writers. The subject matters of the xiao pin in the late Ming period are mainly on natural scenery, interesting daily life, meaningless talking, the art of calligraphy and painting etc. in which the writers express their points of will different from the common people. The xiao pin in the late Ming period has a characteristic of “genuine”(真), “Charm”(韻), “Interesting”(趣) which calls for an interesting reading and thinking. Though scholars or readers have different assessments on the xiao pin in the late Ming period, yet, it unquestionably holds a place in the history of Chinese literature. To let readers understand the different contents and characteristic of xiao pin in the late Ming period, nine compositions concerned are selected and attached at the end of the thesis.
published_or_final_version
Chinese Language and Literature
Master
Master of Arts
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趙米卿 and Mai-hing Chui. "A study of the Ming and Qing historical novels related toYue Fei." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B38803835.

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陳方 and Fong Chan. "A study of Xu Wei (1521-1593) and his Si sheng yuan." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31222225.

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Lun, Yan-lai, and 倫欣麗. "A study of Chen Xianzhang's poetry." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2008. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B39793801.

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Cheung, Ho-yee, and 張可宜. "A study of Liu Ruoyu's Zhuozhong zhi." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45007470.

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Books on the topic "Ming Dynasty, 1368-1644"

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Li, Guangbi. Ming chao shi lue. Taipei?: s.n., 1987.

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Qianlong. Ming chen zou yi. Beijing: Zhonghua shu ju, 1985.

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1648-1695, Liu Xianting, Zheng Jiancai, and Zhou Gai 1779-1837, eds. Chongxiang ji xuan lu. Taibei Shi: Da tong shu ju you xian gong si, 1995.

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Cao, Lütai, jin shi 1625, ed. Jing hai ji lue. Beijing: Zhonghua shu ju, 1985.

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Fanglie, Xu, Wengzhoulaomin, and Huang Zongxi 1610-1695, eds. Lu chun qiu. Taibei Shi: Da tong shu ju you xian gong si, 1995.

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Weiqi, Zhu, ed. Suo zhi lu. Hefei Shi: Huang Shan shu she, 2006.

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Twitchett, Denis Crispin. The Cambridge history of China. Cambridge [u.a.]: Cambridge Univ. Press, 1998.

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1620-1690, Gu Yingtai, ed. Wo bian shi lue. Beijing: Zhonghua shu ju, 1985.

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1736-1788, Zhai Hao, and Cai Tinglan 1801-1859, eds. He cha cong tan. Taibei Shi: Da tong shu ju you xian gong si, 1995.

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Lin, Shidui. He cha cong tan. [Yangzhou shi]: Jiangsu Guangling gu ji ke yin she, 1990.

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Book chapters on the topic "Ming Dynasty, 1368-1644"

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"Ming Dynasty 1368–1644." In Sexual Life in Ancient China, 263–336. BRILL, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004487864_017.

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"II. Ming Dynasty (1368–1644)." In The Cumbia Book of Later Chinese Poetry, edited by Jonathan Chavez, 77–350. New York Chichester, West Sussex: Columbia University Press, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.7312/chav93222-005.

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"5. The Ming Dynasty (1368–1644)." In Harmony and War, 101–44. Columbia University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.7312/wang15140-007.

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Macgowan, J. "The Ming Dynasty (A. D. 1368–1644)." In The Imperial History of China, 466–90. Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429463990-30.

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"Martial arts in the Ming dynasty (1368–1644)." In A History of Chinese Martial Arts, edited by Fuhua Huang and Fan Hong, 139–59. Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315628073-7.

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Jami, Catherine. "Heavenly learning, statecraft, and scholarship: the Jesuits and their mathematics in China." In The Oxford Handbook Of The History Of Mathematics, 57–84. Oxford University PressOxford, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199213122.003.0004.

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Abstract The story of the transmission of mathematics from Europe to China in the early modern age is closely linked to that of the Jesuit mission from 1582 to 1773, which spanned the last decades of the Ming dynasty (1368–1644) and the Qing dynasty (1644–1911) from its advent to its apogee in the mid-eighteenth century. For almost two centuries, the Jesuits put the sciences in the service of evangelization: their knowledge enhanced the prestige of their religion and opened the way first to the patronage of individual o7cials, and then to that of the state.
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Wang, Yuhua. "State Maintaining in the Ming Dynasty." In The Rise and Fall of Imperial China, 130–51. Princeton University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691215174.003.0006.

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This chapter illustrates how the development of social transformations that had germinated during the Song Dynasty were reinforced during the Yuan era and passed on to the Ming Dynasty. It particularly examines the consolidation of the second era during the Ming Dynasty (1368–1644). The chapter focuses on a critical fiscal reform—the Single Whip—which provides a useful lens through which to analyze the behavior of the Ming elites. It reveals that politicians with localized kinship networks—the majority of Ming-era politicians—represented local interests and influenced central policy making to protect their kin's economic interests and autonomy. The chapter also draws on an original biographical dataset of 503 major officials under Emperor Shenzong (1572–1620) and historical data on local implementation of the Single Whip reform. It exhibits that the more national-level politicians a prefecture produced, the slower its adoption of the Single Whip, if it was adopted at all.
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"Appendix B. Reign Eras of the Ming Dynasty, 1368–1644." In The Price of Collapse, 173–74. Princeton University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9780691253701-010.

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Szonyi, Michael. "A Father Loses Three Sons to the Army." In The Art of Being Governed, 1–22. Princeton University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691197241.003.0001.

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This chapter provides a background on the consequences of choices about military mobilization in China's southeast coast under the Ming dynasty from 1368 to 1644. It does not focus on military or logistical or fiscal consequences but on social consequences of how military institutions shaped the lives of ordinary people. This chapter tells the stories of ordinary Ming families' interaction with state institutions and how this interaction affected other kinds of social relations. It explains how ordinary people in the Ming were able to deal with their obligations to provide manpower to the army and what were the broader consequences of their behaviour. The chapter also shows how people seized opportunities offered by living with the Ming state. Their strategies, practices, and discourses constitute a pattern of political interaction that was not unique to soldiers but was distributed more broadly across Ming society, and was not unique to the Ming but can be identified in other times in Chinese history, and perhaps beyond.
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10

Adler, Joseph A. "Early Modern Views of the Yi." In The Yijing: A Guide, 95–135. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190072452.003.0005.

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This chapter covers the period from the Song (960–1279) through the Qing (1644–1911) dynasties. The “Neo-Confucian” revival that began during the Song drew much of its inspiration from the Yijing, particularly the Xici (Appended Statements) appendix or “Great Treatise.” The major Song figures discussed are Shao Yong, Cheng Yi, and Zhu Xi. Shao Yong, who exemplified the xiangshu approach, popularized several diagrams depicting different sequences of the trigrams and hexagrams, particularly the “Prior to Heaven” or “Fuxi” sequence and the “After Heaven” or “King Wen” sequence. Cheng Yi wrote an important commentary on the Yi following the yili approach. Zhu Xi synthesized the two approaches and redirected attention back to the original intention of the Yi, which was divination. He further argued that divination was a valuable aid in the process of self-cultivation, the ultimate aim of which was to become a sage. Lai Zhide in the Ming dynasty (1368–1644) is also discussed.
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