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Journal articles on the topic 'Minicolumn'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Lücke, Jörg, and Christoph von der Malsburg. "Rapid Processing and Unsupervised Learning in a Model of the Cortical Macrocolumn." Neural Computation 16, no. 3 (2004): 501–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/089976604772744893.

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We study a model of the cortical macrocolumn consisting of a collection of inhibitorily coupled minicolumns. The proposed system overcomes several severe deficits of systems based on single neurons as cerebral functional units, notably limited robustness to damage and unrealistically large computation time. Motivated by neuroanatomical and neurophysiological findings, the utilized dynamics is based on a simple model of a spiking neuron with refractory period, fixed random excitatory interconnection within minicolumns, and instantaneous inhibition within one macrocolumn. A stability analysis of

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2

Johansson, Christopher, and Anders Lansner. "Imposing Biological Constraints onto an Abstract Neocortical Attractor Network Model." Neural Computation 19, no. 7 (2007): 1871–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/neco.2007.19.7.1871.

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In this letter, we study an abstract model of neocortex based on its modularization into mini- and hypercolumns. We discuss a full-scale instance of this model and connect its network properties to the underlying biological properties of neurons in cortex. In particular, we discuss how the biological constraints put on the network determine the network's performance in terms of storage capacity. We show that a network instantiating the model scales well given the biologically constrained parameters on activity and connectivity, which makes this network interesting also as an engineered system.

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3

Ueno, Eiji, Harumi Oshima, Isao Saito, and Hiroshi Matsumoto. "Determination of Nitrogen- and Phosphorus-Containing Pesticide Residues in Vegetables by Gas Chromatography with Nitrogen–Phosphorus and Flame Photometric Detection after Gel Permeation Chromatography and a Two-Step Minicolumn Cleanup." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 86, no. 6 (2003): 1241–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/86.6.1241.

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Abstract An efficient and reliable multiresidue method for determining pesticide residues in a large number of vegetable samples was studied. First, the important target compounds for monitoring, 52 nitrogen-and/or phosphorus-containing pesticides, were selected. The sample was extracted with acetonitrile, and the separated acetonitrile layer was cleaned up by a salting-out step. The acetonitrile extract was purified by gel permeation chromatography that divided the pesticide eluate into 2 fractions; the pesticide fractions were respectively purified by a 2-step minicolumn cleanup in which the

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4

Tsai, Y. J., J. I. Davidson, V. Chew, R. J. Cole, and T. H. Sanders. "Characteristics of Visual, Minicolumn and TLC Methods in Detecting Aflatoxin Contaminated Loads of Farmers Stock Peanuts." Peanut Science 16, no. 1 (1989): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3146/i0095-3679-16-1-1.

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Abstract Results from two 1980 experiments were used to compare the performance of the visual, minicolumn and thin-layer chromatography (TLC) methods in detecting loads of farmers stock peanuts with aflatoxin. The first experiment was conducted to establish variability of the methods under ideal conditions. The second experiment was conducted to evaluate the performance of the three methods under commercial conditions. In this paper, data and empirical models were used to explore potential improvements in detecting low-level contaminated lots. The minicolumn and TLC methods were very sensitive

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5

Dorner, Joe W., and Richard J. Cole. "Rapid Determination of Aflatoxins in Raw Peanuts by Liquid Chromatography with Postcolumn Iodination and Modified Minicolumn Cleanup." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 71, no. 1 (1988): 43–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/71.1.43.

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Abstract A method is described for rapid cleanup followed by reverse-phase liquid chromatographic (LC) quantitation of aflatoxins in raw peanuts. A modified minicolumn cleanup is used for sample preparation, and a preliminary estimation of aflatoxin content by minicolumn can be made so that highly contaminated samples can be diluted before LC analysis. The use of the simple, quick minicolumn cleanup eliminates the need for further column or cartridge cleanup, thus greatly reducing sample preparation time. Sensitive quantitation is achieved using a phenyl column, a mobile phase of water-tetrahy

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6

Buxhoeveden, Daniel P., and Manuel F. Casanova. "The minicolumn hypothesis in neuroscience." Brain 125, no. 5 (2002): 935–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/brain/awf110.

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7

Tiwari, Shelja, Niharika Sharma, and Reena Saxena. "On-line speciation of chromium using a modified chelating resin and determination in industrial water samples by flame atomic absorption spectrometry." New Journal of Chemistry 40, no. 2 (2016): 1412–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5nj02283e.

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8

Cohen, Margo P., Janice Witt, and Van-Yu Wu. "Purified Haemoglobin Preparations in the Evaluation of HbA1c Determination by Ion Exchange Chromatography." Annals of Clinical Biochemistry: International Journal of Laboratory Medicine 30, no. 3 (1993): 265–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000456329303000307.

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The use of ion exchange resins for the estimation of HbA1c in clinical samples rests on the assumption that HbA1c is effectively and efficiently separated from other N-terminally modified haemoglobins and from HbAo. To test this assumption, we applied highly purified preparations of HbA1a+1b, HbA1c and HbAo to ion exchange minicolumns, using conditions of application simulating actual blood samples and the first and second elution buffers provided by the manufacturer. The authenticity and purity of the applied haemoglobin preparations were documented by high performance liquid chromatography,

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9

Hasselmo, Michael E. "A Model of Prefrontal Cortical Mechanisms for Goal-directed Behavior." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 17, no. 7 (2005): 1115–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/0898929054475190.

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Many behavioral tasks require goal-directed actions to obtain delayed reward. The prefrontal cortex appears to mediate many aspects of goal-directed decision making. This article presents a model of prefrontal cortex function emphasizing the influence of goal-related activity on the choice of the next motor output. The model can be interpreted in terms of key elements of Reinforcement Learning Theory. Different neocortical minicolumns represent distinct sensory input states and distinct motor output actions. The dynamics of each minicolumn include separate phases of encoding and retrieval. Dur

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10

Furusawa, Naoto, Kunio Okazaki, Sachiko Iriguchi, Hidemasa Yamaguchi, and Minoru Saitoh. "Gel Permeation and Florisil Chromatographic Cleanup and Gas Chromatographic Determination of Organochlorine Pesticides in Eggs." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 81, no. 5 (1998): 1033–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/81.5.1033.

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Abstract Cleanup of residual organochlorine pesticides (OCPs; α-, β-, γ-, and δ-BHC; aldrin; dieldrin; p,p′-DDE; o,p′-DDT; p,p′-DDD; and p,p′-DUX) in eggs by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and Florisil minicolumn chromatography is described. Ten OCPs in purified extract are determined by gas chromatography with electron capture detection. The lipids extracted from whole egg are cleaned up first by GPC with an Envirogel column and an ethyl acetate-cychlohexane (1 + 1, v/v) mobile phase and then by Florisil minicolumn chromatography with 15% (v/v) diethyl ether-hexane eluant. Cleanup is hig

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11

Buxhoeveden, Daniel P., and Manuel F. Casanova. "The Minicolumn and Evolution of the Brain." Brain, Behavior and Evolution 60, no. 3 (2002): 125–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000065935.

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12

Basawaraj, Janusz A. Starzyk, and Adrian Horzyk. "Episodic Memory in Minicolumn Associative Knowledge Graphs." IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems 30, no. 11 (2019): 3505–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tnnls.2019.2927106.

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13

Llorent-Martínez, Eulogio J., Juan F. García-Reyes, Pilar Ortega-Barrales, and Antonio Molina-Díaz. "Flow-Through Fluorescence-Based Optosensor with On-Line Solid-Phase Separation for the Simultaneous Determination of a Ternary Pesticide Mixture." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 88, no. 3 (2005): 860–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/88.3.860.

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Abstract A rapid and selective method was developed for the simultaneous determination of 3 widely used pesticides, carbendazim (CBZ), carbofuran (CF), and benomyl (BNM). The method utilized a single continuous-flow, solid surface fluorometric multioptosensor implemented with a previous separation of the analytes on a minicolumn, placed just before the sensor, that was packed with the same solid support (C18 silica gel) as the flow-through cell. The separation was achieved because of the different kinetics of retention/elution of the pesticides on the solid support in the minicolumn, enabling

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14

Sobolev, Victor S., and Joe W. Dorner. "Cleanup Procedure for Determination of Aflatoxins in Major Agricultural Commodities by Liquid Chromatography." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 85, no. 3 (2002): 642–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/85.3.642.

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Abstract A simple, fast, reliable, and inexpensive chemical cleanup procedure was developed for quantitation of aflatoxins in major important agricultural commodities by liquid chromatography (LC). Aflatoxins were extracted from a ground sample with methanol–water (80 + 20, v/v), and after a single cleanup step on a minicolumn packed with basic aluminum oxide, they were quantitated by LC equipped with a C18 column, photochemical reactor, and fluorescence detector. Water–methanol–1-butanol (1400 + 720 + 25, v/v/v) served as the mobile phase. Recoveries of aflatoxins B1, B2, G1, and G2 from pean

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15

Soares, Lucia M. Valente, and Delia R. Rodriguez-Amaya. "Screening and Quantitation of Ochratoxin A in Corn, Peanuts, Beans, Rice, and Cassava." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 68, no. 6 (1985): 1128–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/68.6.1128.

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Abstract To answer the need for simple, economical, rapid methods for mycotoxins, a procedure for screening and quantitation of ochratoxin A was developed. A methanol-aqueous KC1 extraction is used, followed by cleanup with clarifying agents and partition into chloroform. Part of the chloroform extract is used for screening and the other part for quantitation by thin layer chromatography (TLC). The screening procedure takes 40 min, using a silica gel/aluminum oxide minicolumn developed for this purpose. The limits of detection are 80 and 10 |xg/ kg, respectively, for minicolumn screening and T

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16

Shashidhar, R. B., Y. Ramakrishna, and V. Ramesh Bhat. "Rapid Detection Of Aflatoxins By Pressure Minicolumn Technique." Analytical Letters 21, no. 3 (1988): 507–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00032718808066341.

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17

Barbey, Pierre, Sabine Fradin, Serge Carreau, and Michel A. Drosdowsky. "A minicolumn apparatus for androgen-binding protein measurement." Analytical Biochemistry 167, no. 1 (1987): 167–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0003-2697(87)90148-5.

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18

Flückiger, R., and T. Woodtli. "Effect of temperature on quantifying glycated (glycosylated) hemoglobin by cation-exchange chromatography." Clinical Chemistry 31, no. 1 (1985): 114–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/31.1.114.

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Abstract As a consequence of nonideal chromatographic conditions, values for stable glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) determined by cation-exchange chromatography in a commercial minicolumn system (y) or by "high-performance" liquid chromatography (x) differ markedly, yielding the regression line y = 0.82x + 0.6. With use of the protocol specified by the manufacturer, 20% of the HbA1c peak is not collected in the HbA1c fraction. Increasing the ionic strength of the eluting buffer by increasing the operating temperature to 28 degrees C increases the rate of elution from the minicolumn, making results

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19

Almuaibed, Ala'ddin M., and Alan Townshend. "Flow-injection spectrophotometric determination of chloride with an on-line solid mercury(II) thiocyanate minicolumn and bromide with a silver thiocyanate minicolumn." Analytica Chimica Acta 245 (1991): 115–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0003-2670(00)80209-3.

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20

Lindgren, Bertil, Tomas Berglöf, Åsa Ramberg, Anna Stepdmska, and Malin Åkerblom. "Liquid Chromatographic Determination of Bromide Ion in Cereals, Fruit, Vegetables, and Blood with a Silver Electrode in an Electrochemical Detector System." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 78, no. 3 (1995): 841–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/78.3.841.

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Abstract A method is presented for rapid determination of bromide ion in commodities and blood by paired-ion liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. The method involves extraction of samples with water and filtration. Blood is passed through a Sep-Pak C18 minicolumn. Recoveries are usually close to 100%, with satisfactory precision. The detection limit is 1 mg/kg. The method needs little labor and uses no noxious solvents or reagents.

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21

Bavykin, Sergei G., James P. Akowski, Vladimir M. Zakhariev, Viktor E. Barsky, Alexander N. Perov, and Andrei D. Mirzabekov. "Portable System for Microbial Sample Preparation and Oligonucleotide Microarray Analysis." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 67, no. 2 (2001): 922–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.67.2.922-928.2001.

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ABSTRACT We have developed a three-component system for microbial identification that consists of (i) a universal syringe-operated silica minicolumn for successive DNA and RNA isolation, fractionation, fragmentation, fluorescent labeling, and removal of excess free label and short oligonucleotides; (ii) microarrays of immobilized oligonucleotide probes for 16S rRNA identification; and (iii) a portable battery-powered device for imaging the hybridization of fluorescently labeled RNA fragments with the arrays. The minicolumn combines a guanidine thiocyanate method of nucleic acid isolation with

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22

Vongbuddhapitak, Amara, Mary W. Trucksess, Kanoporn Atisook, Duangchan Suprasert, and William Horwitz. "Laboratory Proficiency Testing of Aflatoxins in Corn and Peanuts—A Cooperative Project between Thailand and the United States." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 82, no. 2 (1999): 259–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/82.2.259.

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Abstract The objective of this project was to conduct an aflatoxin proficiency test program in government, academia, and industry laboratories in Thailand. Aflatoxin-free corn and peanuts and corn and peanuts naturally contaminated with aflatoxins diluted to approximately 25 μg/kg were analyzed. Homogeneity of prepared, naturally contaminated test samples was checked on multiple replicates. The test was conducted according to the ISO/IUPAC/AOAC INTERNATIONAL Harmonized Protocol with z scores indicating laboratory performance. The participants used 3 methods: enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,

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23

Opris, Ioan, Robert E. Hampson, Greg A. Gerhardt, Theodore W. Berger, and Sam A. Deadwyler. "Columnar Processing in Primate pFC: Evidence for Executive Control Microcircuits." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 24, no. 12 (2012): 2334–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_00307.

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A common denominator for many cognitive disorders of human brain is the disruption of neural activity within pFC, whose structural basis is primarily interlaminar (columnar) microcircuits or “minicolumns.” The importance of this brain region for executive decision-making has been well documented; however, because of technological constraints, the minicolumnar basis is not well understood. Here, via implementation of a unique conformal multielectrode recording array, the role of interlaminar pFC minicolumns in the executive control of task-related target selection is demonstrated in nonhuman pr

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24

Opris, Ioan, and Manuel F. Casanova. "Prefrontal cortical minicolumn: from executive control to disrupted cognitive processing." Brain 137, no. 7 (2014): 1863–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/brain/awt359.

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25

Ramakrishna, Y., R. B. Sashidhar, and R. V. Bhat. "Minicolumn technique for the detection of deoxynivalenol in agricultural commodities." Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 42, no. 2 (1989): 167–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01699395.

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26

Ramakrishna, Y., and Ramesh V. Bhat. "Minicolumn chromatography for the detection of sterigmatocystin in agricultural commodities." Mycopathologia 110, no. 3 (1990): 153–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00437539.

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27

Gordon, William C., and Linda J. Gordon. "Rapid Screening Method for Deoxynivalenol in Agricultural Commodities by Fluorescent Minicolumn." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 73, no. 2 (1990): 266–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/73.2.266.

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Abstract A rapid screening procedure based on the selective adsorption of deoxynivalenol (DON) from extracts of wheat and corn has been developed. DON is extracted from the sample with acetonitrile-water (85 + 15) and partially purified on a preparative minicolumn. Solvent is evaporated and the residue is dissolved in toluene-acetone (95 + 5) and chromatographed on a novel detector minicolumn which selectively adsorbs DON. A blue fluorescence is produced when the column is heated 5 min at 100°C. The procedure is capable of detecting DON at ≥ 500 ng/g. Forty-three wheat samples, contaminated wi

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28

ARIM, Rosario H., Aida R. AGUINALDO, and Takumi YOSHIZAWA. "Application of a modified minicolumn to detection of aflatoxins in corn." Mycotoxins 1999, no. 48 (1999): 53–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2520/myco1975.1999.53.

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29

Casanova, Manuel F., Daniel Buxhoeveden, and Juan Gomez. "Disruption in the Inhibitory Architecture of the Cell Minicolumn: Implications for Autisim." Neuroscientist 9, no. 6 (2003): 496–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1073858403253552.

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30

Burham, N., S. M. Abdel-Azeem, and M. F. El-Shahat. "Removal of Pb and Cd from aqueous media and fish liver using novel polyurethane foam functionalized with pyrazolone as a new metal ion collector." Open Chemistry 7, no. 3 (2009): 576–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11532-009-0051-x.

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AbstractIn the present paper, an off-line preconcentration procedure for the determination of cadmium and lead by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) is proposed. Polyurethane foam (PUF) functionalized with o-aminophenol (o-AP) followed by Pyrazolone (Pyr) packed in a minicolumn was used as a sorbent material. The metals were retained on the modified PUF, from which it could be eluted and effectively preconcentrated. The detection limits were 0.072 and 0.016 μg L−1 for Pb and Cd respectively. Enrichment factors were 250 and 319 for lead and cadmium respectively. The procedure has been

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31

ISHII, Yasuo, Tuyoshi SAKAMOTO, Kenji ASAKURA, Noriyoshi ADACHI, and Jun-ichi TANIUCHI. "Cleanup Procedure for Determination of Pesticide Residues in Crops Using Charcoal-Florisil Minicolumn." Journal of Pesticide Science 15, no. 2 (1990): 205–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1584/jpestics.15.205.

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32

Chance, S. A., M. F. Casanova, A. E. Switala, and T. J. Crow. "Auditory cortex asymmetry, altered minicolumn spacing and absence of ageing effects in schizophrenia." Brain 131, no. 12 (2008): 3178–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/brain/awn211.

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33

Arim, Rosario H., Aida R. Aguinaldo, Toshitsugu Tanaka, and Takumi Yoshizawa. "Optimization and Validation of a Minicolumn Method for Determining Aflatoxins in Copra Meal." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 82, no. 4 (1999): 877–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/82.4.877.

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Abstract A minicolumn (MC) method for determining aflatoxins in copra meal was optimized and validated. The method uses methanol–4% KCI solution as extractant and CuSO4 solution as clarifying agent. The chloroform extract is applied to an MC that incorporates “lahar,” an indigenous material, as substitute for silica gel. The “lahar”-containing MC produces a more distinct and intense blue fluorescence on the Florisil layer than an earlier MC. The method has a detection limit of 15 μg total aflatoxins/kg sample. Confirmatory tests using 50% H2SO4 and trifluoroacetic acid in benzene with 25% HNO3

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34

Muñoz, Vanesa, María Carolina Talio, Raúl Gil, and Liliana Patricia Fernández. "Tolfenamic acid on-line preconcentration strategy on carbon nanotubes minicolumn with fluorimetric detection." Talanta 207 (January 2020): 120345. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2019.120345.

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35

Nie, Zhijie, Yifeng Huang, Jie Yuan, et al. "Minicolumn Test of Remaining GAC Performance for Taste and Odor Removal: Theoretical Analysis." Journal of Environmental Engineering 146, no. 1 (2020): 04019097. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)ee.1943-7870.0001626.

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36

Mortimer, Richard D., and Dorcas F. Weber. "Determination of Residual Imazethapyr in Soybeans by Gas Chromatography/Nitrogen-Phosphorus Detection." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 76, no. 2 (1993): 377–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/76.2.377.

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Abstract Imazethapyr, a recently introduced imidazolinone herbicide, is registered for use on soybeans and other legumes in the United States and Canada. Its maximum allowed residue level in soybeans is 0.1 ppm. A method was developed to allow the measurement of ≥0.01 ppm imazethapyr on soybeans. The method exploits the ready cyclization of the nonvolatile acid to the volatile imidazoisoindol-3,5-dione by using an excess of easily removed, watersoluble carbodiimide and the selectivity of gas chromatography with nitrogen-phosphorus detection. A simple cleanup on a diol-bonded silica minicolumn

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37

MATSUOKA, TOSHIYASU, and JUN OKUDA. "Rapid and sensitive semi-quantitative determination of paraquat using silica gel or florisil minicolumn." Eisei kagaku 33, no. 2 (1987): 106–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1248/jhs1956.33.106.

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38

Ichinoki, S., and M. Yamazaki. "Multielement Trace Analysis by HPLC followed by On-line Minicolumn Enrichment as Hexamethylenedithiocarbamate Chelates." Journal of Chromatographic Science 29, no. 5 (1991): 184–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/29.5.184.

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39

Gustafsson, Lennart. "Comment on “Disruption in the Inhibitory Architecture of the Cell Minicolumn: Implications for Autism”." Neuroscientist 10, no. 3 (2004): 189–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1073858404263493.

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40

YU, M., K. A. BERGSTRÖM, J. T. KUIKKA, J. YANG, and E. VANNINEN. "Comparison of HPLC, TLC and minicolumn for measuring the radiochemical purity of 99Tcm-Q12." Nuclear Medicine Communications 19, no. 5 (1998): 483–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006231-199805000-00012.

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41

Zhu, Yanbei, Tomonari Umemura, and Hiroki Haraguchi. "Application of syringe-driven chelate-minicolumn in determination of trace elements in water samples." Chinese Journal of Geochemistry 25, S1 (2006): 196. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02840122.

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42

Yebra, M. C., N. Carro, A. Moreno-Cid, and L. Puig. "Minicolumn field sampling and flow-injection-atomic absorption spectrometric determination of lead in seawater." Field Analytical Chemistry & Technology 5, no. 5 (2001): 239–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fact.10003.

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Liu, Hui-Ming, Ching-Yao Chang, Chia-Chan Wu, Jian-Ming Wei, Wei-Yu Chen, and Cheng-Tsung Yeh. "Determination of trace indium in urine after preconcentration with a chelating-resin-packed minicolumn." Journal of Separation Science 35, no. 7 (2012): 846–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jssc.201100866.

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44

Whitaker, T. B., J. W. Dickens, and V. Chew. "Development of Statistical Models to Simulate the Testing of Farmers Stock Peanuts for Aflatoxin Using Visual, Thin Layer Chromatography, and Minicolumn Methods1." Peanut Science 12, no. 2 (1985): 94–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3146/pnut.12.2.0012.

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Abstract The negative binomial probability function was used to model the distribution of sample aflatoxin test results when replicated grade samples from farmers stock peanuts are analyzed by thin layer chromatography and minicolumn methods. The Poisson probability funtion was used to model the distribution of the number of kernels with visible Aspergillus flavus growth found in replicated grade samples of farmers stock peanuts when the visible A. flavus method is used. The probabilities of accepting a lot of farmers stock peanuts with given aflatoxin concentrations when using a 465-g grade s

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45

Morineau, Gilles, James Gosling, Marie-Claude Patricot, et al. "Convenient chromatographic prepurification step before measurement of urinary cortisol by radioimmunoassay." Clinical Chemistry 43, no. 5 (1997): 786–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/43.5.786.

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Abstract We applied various prepurification protocols (extraction with different solvents, liquid/solid separation on bonded silica media, Celite, and Sephadex LH20 chromatography) with a range of commercially available RIA kits to measure cortisol in urine samples. We then compared the results with the concentrations measured by a HPLC method validated with reference to isotope dilution gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. We conclude that chromatography on a commercial, prepacked diol minicolumn (Waters™ Sep-Pak Vac RC) in combination with dichloromethane extraction is a convenient and very

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46

Saito, Yukio, Shuji Kodama, Shuji Kodama, et al. "Multiresidue Determination of Pesticides in Agricultural Products by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry with Large Volume Injection." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 87, no. 6 (2004): 1356–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/87.6.1356.

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Abstract A method is described for the rapid determination of pesticide residues in agricultural products. Pesticides were extracted from samples with acetonitrile. To remove pigments and fatty acids, an aliquot of the extract was cleaned up by a minicolumn that was packed both with graphitize carbon black and primary secondary amine. Analysis was performed by gas chromatography/ mass spectrometry with programmable temperature vaporizer-based large volume injection using a liner packed with phenylmethylsilicone chemically bonded silica. The method was evaluated for 114 pesticides by spiking in

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Norred, William P., Richard J. Cole, Joe W. Dorner, and John A. Lansden. "Liquid Chromatographic Determination of Cyclopiazonic Acid in Poultry Meat." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 70, no. 1 (1987): 121–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/70.1.121.

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Abstract A liquid chromatographic procedure has been developed for the determination of cyclopiazonic acid (CPA) in poultry meat. CPA is extracted from ground meat with chloroform-methanol (80 + 20), partitioned into 0.1 N sodium hydroxide, acidified, and extracted into dichloromethane. An interfering component of meat is removed by transferring the dichloromethane extract to a minicolumn containing silica gel and washing the column with petroleum ether and chloroform. CPA is eluted with methanol-acetic acid (99 + 1), and subjected to ligand-exchange liquid chromatography. Recovery of CPA from

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Burham, N. "Uses of 5-Methylresorcin-bonded polyurethan foam as a new solid phase extractor for the selective separation of mercury ions from natural water samples." Open Chemistry 6, no. 4 (2008): 641–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11532-008-0065-9.

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AbstractIn this work, 5-Methylresorcin (MR) bonded to untreated polyurethane foam (PUF) was successfully employed as a sorbent (MR-PUF) for the selective separation and determination of mercury in natural water samples. Mercury can be quantitatively recovered in the pH range of 5-7. The system presented a minicolumn packed with the new sorbent, where the sample solution was passed through it for a period of time and an eluent solution stripped out the retained mercury, which was further determined with dithizone. The new matrix was characterized by using different tools (IR spectra, stability

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Turpeinen, U. "Liquid-chromatographic determination of hemoglobin A2." Clinical Chemistry 32, no. 6 (1986): 999–1002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/32.6.999.

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Abstract In this liquid-chromatographic assay for hemoglobin A2 (Hb A2) in human blood, the blood samples are hemolyzed by dilution and the hemolysates are chromatographed on a weak cation-exchanger with a solvent gradient of a buffer with two different ionic strengths. The absorbance of the effluent is monitored at 405 nm. The retention time of Hb A2 is less than 10 min. The mean within-assay CV was 1.6%, the between-assay CV 4.9%. I describe the effects of various column dimensions and sample preparation methods on the separation of Hb A2. The normal reference interval (for 54 healthy adults

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Arruda, Marco Antonio, and Renato Arruda. "Case report: Look at my eyes." Headache Medicine 13, no. 4 (2022): 296–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.48208/headachemed.2022.38.

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The comorbidity of migraine and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) still remain unclear. In spite of plausible evidences of such comorbidity, there is a scarcity of populational studies focusing this hypothesis. The diagnosis of migraine in children with ASD is very challenge due to the large clinical heterogeneity and limited communication skills, particularly verbal abilities in young children and those with intellectual disability. ASD and migraine are chronic prevalent disorders sharing some pathophysiological changes (neurotransmission dysregulation, altered immune response, abnormal findings

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