Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Minimal pair'
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Przulj, Natasa. "Minimal hereditary dominating pair graphs." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape3/PQDD_0026/MQ50365.pdf.
Full textKhani, Mohsen. "The first order theory of a dense pair and a discrete group." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2013. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-first-order-theory-of-a-dense-pair-and-a-discrete-group(01e5c6b4-fe53-49c9-8b88-6c47c0ac2f6f).html.
Full textPahel, Douglas Jude. "CP violating effects in W and Z boson pair production at the International Linear Collider in the minimal supersymmetric standard model /." Diss., Digital Dissertations Database. Restricted to UC campuses, 2005. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.
Full textZolotareva, Tatiana. "Construction de surfaces à courbure moyenne constante et surfaces minimales par des méthodes perturbatives." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLX003/document.
Full textThe subject of this thesis is the study of minimal and constant mean curvature submanifolds and of the influence of the geometry of the ambient manifold on the solutions of this problem.In the first chapter, following the ideas of F. Almgren, we propose a generalization of the notion of hypersurface with constant mean curvature to all codimensions. In codimension n-k we define constant mean curvature submanifolds as the critical points of the functional of the k - dimensional volume of the boundaries of k+1 - dimensional minimal submanifolds. We prove the existence in compact n-dimensional manifolds of n-k codimensional submanifolds with constant mean curvature for all k
Semu, Mitiku Kassa. "On minimal pairs of compact convex sets and of convex functions /." [S.l. : s.n.], 2002. http://www.gbv.de/dms/zbw/36225754X.pdf.
Full textHashizume, Kenta. "On the non-vanishing conjecture and existence of log minimal models." Kyoto University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/228227.
Full textDautriche, Isabelle. "Weaving an ambiguous lexicon." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCB112/document.
Full textModern cognitive science of language concerns itself with (at least) two fundamental questions: how do humans learn language? —the learning problem —and why do the world’s languages exhibit some properties and not others? —the typology problem. In this dissertation, I attempt to link these two questions by looking at the lexicon, the set of word-forms and their associated meanings, and ask why do lexicons look the way they are? And can the properties exhibited by the lexicon be (in part) explained by the way children learn their language? One striking observation is that the set of words in a given language is highly ambiguous and confusable. Words may have multiple senses (e.g., homonymy, polysemy) and are represented by an arrangement of a finite set of sounds that potentially increase their confusability (e.g., minimal pairs). Lexicons bearing such properties present a problem for children learning their language who seem to have difficulty learning similar sounding words and resist learning words having multiple meanings. Using lexical models and experimental methods in toddlers and adults, I present quantitative evidence that lexicons are, indeed, more confusable than what would be expected by chance alone. I then present empirical evidence suggesting that toddlers have the tools to bypass these problems given that ambiguous or confusable words are constrained to appear in distinct context. Finally, I submit that the study of ambiguous words reveal factors that were currently missing from current accounts of word learning. Taken together this research suggests that ambiguous and confusable words, while present in the language, may be restricted in their distribution in the lexicon and that these restrictions reflect (in part) how children learn languages
Cherfi, Mohamed. "Estimation par minimum de Ø-divergences." Paris 6, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA066389.
Full textMazet, Laurent. "Construction de surfaces minimales par résolution du problème de Dirichlet." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00007780.
Full textRoyer, Martin. "Optimalité statistique du partitionnement par l'optimisation convexe." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS442/document.
Full textThis work focuses on the problem of point and variable clustering, that is the grouping of either similar vectors or similar components of a vector in a metric space. This has applications in many relevant fields including pattern recognition in image analysis or gene expression data classification. Through adequate modeling of the similarity between points or variables within a cluster we analyse the statistical properties of known clustering algorithms such as K-means.When considering homoscedastic elements for all groups the K-means algorithm is equivalent to a maximum-likelihood procedure. Otherwise the algorithm shows bias in the sense that it tends to separate groups with larger dispersion, regardless of actual group separation. By using a semi definite positive reformulation of the estimator, we suggest a pattern of correction for the algorithm that leads to the construction of computational algorithm with quasiminimax properties for hard clustering of points or variables.Those results can be studied under the classical mixture model or latent variables model, and can be extended to more general and robust class of $G$-block models. The stochastic controls can be made adaptive to the unknown number of classes as well as to the effective dimension of the problem. They help understand the behavior of the class of spectral estimators that are also widely used for clustering problems. They are supported by extensive simulation studies as well as data analysis stemming from the biological field.When focus is brought on the computational aspect of those algorithms, we exploit ideas based on a strong connexion with the domain of convex optimisation and specifically the technique of low-rank relaxation, of importance when dealing with high dimensional problems
Ahmadniaye, Bosari Benyamin. "Reliable training scenarios for dealing with minimal parallel-resource language pairs in statistical machine translation." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/461204.
Full textThe thesis is about the topic of high-quality Statistical Machine Translation (SMT) systems for working with minimal parallel-resource language pairs entitled “Reliable Training Scenarios for Dealing with Minimal Parallel-Resource Language Pairs in Statistical Machine Translation”. Then main challenge we targeted in our approaches is parallel data scarcity, and this challenge is faced in different solution scenarios. SMT is one of the preferred approaches to Machine Translation (MT), and various improvements could be detected in this approach, specifically in the output quality in a number of systems for language pairs since the advances in computational power, together with the exploration of new methods and algorithms have been made. When we ponder over the development of SMT systems for many language pairs, the major bottleneck that we will find is the lack of training parallel data. Due to the fact that lots of time and effort is required to create these corpora, they are available in limited quantity, genre, and language. SMT models learn that how they could do translation through the process of examining a bilingual parallel corpus that contains the sentences aligned with their human-produced translations. However, the output quality of SMT systems is heavily dependent on the availability of massive amounts of parallel text within the source and target languages. Hence, an important role is played by the parallel resources so that the quality of SMT systems could be improved. We define minimal parallel-resource SMT settings possess only small amounts of parallel data, which can also be seen in various pairs of languages. The performance achieved by current state-of-the-art minimal parallel-resource SMT is highly appreciable, but they usually use the monolingual text and do not fundamentally address the shortage of parallel training text. Creating enlargement in the parallel training data without providing any sort of guarantee on the quality of the bilingual sentence pairs that have been newly generated, is also raising concerns. The limitations that emerge during the training of the minimal parallel- resource SMT prove that the current systems are incapable of producing the high- quality translation output. In this thesis, we have proposed the “direct-bridge combination” scenario as well as the “round-trip training” scenario, that the former is based on bridge language technique while the latter one is based on retraining approach, for dealing with minimal parallel-resource SMT systems. Our main aim for putting forward the direct-bridge combination scenario is that we might bring it closer to state-of-the-art performance. This scenario has been proposed to maximize the information gain by choosing the appropriate portions of the bridge-based translation system that do not interfere with the direct translation system which is trusted more. Furthermore, the round-trip training scenario has been proposed to take advantage of the readily available generated bilingual sentence pairs to build high-quality SMT system in an iterative behavior; by selecting high- quality subset of generated sentence pairs in target side, preparing their suitable correspond source sentences, and using them together with the original sentence pairs to retrain the SMT system. The proposed methods are intrinsically evaluated, and their comparison is made against the baseline translation systems. We have also conducted the experiments in the aforementioned proposed scenarios with minimal initial bilingual data. We have demonstrated improvement made in the performance through the use of proposed methods while building high-quality SMT systems over the baseline involving each scenario.
Townsend, Donald R. "The Use of a Habit Reversal Treatment for chronic Facial Pain in a Minimal Therapist Contact Format." VCU Scholars Compass, 1999. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/1202.
Full textPogorelcnik, Romain. "Décomposition par séparateurs minimaux complets et applications." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00824116.
Full textMartins, Maisa Jussara [UNESP]. "Estudo acústico da pronúncia de pares mínimos vocálicos do inglês por falantes nativos, professores brasileiros e alunos de nível intermediário e avançado." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/91302.
Full textCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
O presente trabalho de mestrado refere-se a um estudo acústico de pronúncia, que tem como principal objetivo verificar e analisar, por meio de registros de fala de professores brasileiros, de alunos de língua inglesa em nível intermediário e avançado, e de falantes nativos americanos, a maneira como esses indivíduos realizam os pares mínimos vocálicos /i/ e /I/, /E/ e /Q/. O primeiro critério de análise foi a aplicação de um questionário aos professores e alunos participantes; por meio dele, foi possível traçar as competências dos docentes e definir a atuação dos discentes como alunos de inglês; ademais, foi possível encaixá-los nos níveis de proficiência determinados pela escola onde os dados foram coletados. Com relação aos critérios acústicos, foram utilizados os seguintes parâmetros: o valor das freqüências de F1 e F2 das vogais produzidas pelos sujeitos participantes, sendo possível verificar o movimento de avanço / recuo e levantamento / abaixamento do corpo da língua durante a articulação dos segmentos; a diferença formântica entre F1 e F2, parâmetro que melhor define o grau de posterioridade de um som vocálico; e, por fim, a duração dos segmentos, parâmetro acústico essencial para a distinção entre as vogais analisadas. Sobre a metodologia de pesquisa, foram gravados 28 sujeitos: dois americanos nativos, dois professores brasileiros de inglês e 24 alunos brasileiros de uma escola de idiomas localizada em São José do Rio Preto (SP). Foi pedido para que cada indivíduo repetisse os pares de palavras cheap / chip e beg / bag três vezes (nesses vocábulos, realizam-se as vogais /i/ e /I/, /E/ e /Q/). Por meio das gravações, foi possível realizar a medição da freqüência dos formantes F1 e F2 das vogais produzidas por eles, bem como a medição da duração de cada som vocálico. A repetição por três vezes dos pares mínimos...
This master paper is an acoustic study of pronunciation, whose main goal is verify and analyze, through speech data of Brazilian teachers, intermediate and advanced students of English, and American native speakers, the way these people produce the vocalic minimal pairs /i/ and /I/, /E/ and /Q/. The first criterion of analysis was related to a questionnaire answered by the teachers and the students; this questionnaire allowed the researcher to define the teachers’ competences and the learners’ behavior as English students; besides, it was possible to fit them into the levels of proficiency determined by the school where the data was collected. Regarding the acoustic criteria, the following fundamental parameters were taken into consideration: F1 and F2 frequency values of vowels produced by the participants, in which it was possible to verify the tongue movements, associated with advancement and height, during the segmental articulation; the formant differences between F1 and F2, which better defines the posterior position of a vowel; and, finally, the segmental duration, which is an important acoustic parameter to distinguish the analyzed vowels. Concerning the research methodology, 28 people were recorded: two native Americans, two Brazilian English teachers and 24 Brazilian students from a language school located in São José do Rio Preto (SP). Each person had to repeat the pair of words cheap / chip and beg / bag for three times (in such words, the vowels /i/ and /I/, /E/ and /Q/ are expected to occur). With the recordings, it was possible to measure F1 and F2 frequencies of the vowels produced by the participants, as well as the duration of each vocalic sound. In the analyses, the absolute values of the formants and duration were not taken into consideration but an arithmetic average of the values from the three utterances of each case. It was concluded that the Brazilian... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Everat, Jean-Christophe. "Topologie des coupes et segmentation d'images par extraction de minima." Paris 7, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA077207.
Full textHart, Sharon Blodgett. "THE EFFECTIVENESS OF USING COMMUNICATION-CENTERED INTERVENTION TO FACILITATE PHONOLOGICAL LEARNING IN YOUNG CHILDREN." UKnowledge, 2007. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_diss/518.
Full textNembé, Jocelyn. "Estimation de la fonction d'intensité d'un processus ponctuel par complexité minimale." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1996. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00346118.
Full textNembé, Jocelyn Grègoire Gérard. "Estimation de la fonction d'intensité d'un processus ponctuel par complexité minimale." S.l. : Université Grenoble 1, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00346118.
Full textWitte, Erik. "Ett svenskt talmaterial för datorbaserad hörträning: Minimala par, meningar och siffror." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskaper, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-88525.
Full textNoël, Lison. "The French New Novel : réception du Nouveau Roman par le milieu artistique américain : 1963-1981." Thesis, Paris 10, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA100160/document.
Full textIn an key Franco-American cultural and historical moment when New York takes Paris's place as the world artistic capital, the French New Novel achieved certain successs in the United States, especially in the Minimal Art community. Owing to a double transfer – from the literary field to the artistic field and from France to America -, some American artists drew attention to the French New Novel. While they were developing their art against 19th century european art, they created it with 20th century French literature. This work is based on an amount of clues given by these artists, supplented by historical and sociological investigations, a collection of articles, a theorethical research, and studies of significant works of art, in an attempt to understand the reasons of this success and the theorethical and aesthetic realizations of the reception of the New Novel by the American artistic milieu
Frenay, Arnaud. "Sur l'estimation par projection de la densité marginale d'un processus à temps continu." Paris 6, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA066432.
Full textCrozet, Sébastien. "Efficient contact determination between solids with boundary representations (B-Rep)." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAM089/document.
Full textWith the development of advanced robotic systems and complex teleoperation tasks, the need to perform simulations before operating on physical systems becomes of increasing interest for feasibility tests, training of the human operators, motion planning, etc. Such simulations usually need to be performed with great accuracy of physical phenomena if, e.g., the operator is expected to face the same ones in the real world and in the virtual scene. Collision detection, i.e., the computation of contact points and contact normals between interacting rigid bodies, occupies a time-consuming part of such a physical simulation. The accuracy and smoothness of such contact information is of primary importance to produce a realistic behavior of the simulated objects. However, the quality of the computed contact information strongly depends on the geometric representation of the parts of the virtual scene directly involved in the mechanical simulation. On the one hand, discrete volumes-based and tessellation-based geometric representations allow very fast contacts generation at the cost of the potential introduction of numerical artifacts due to the approximation of the interacting geometrical shapes. On the other hand, the use of boundary representations (issued by CAD modelers) composed of smooth curve and surfaces removes this approximation problem but is currently considered being too slow in practice for real-time applications.This Ph.D focuses on developing a first complete collision detection framework on solids with smooth boundary representations that achieves real-time performances. Our goal is to allow the real-time simulation of industrial scenarios that require a high level of accuracy. Typical applications are insertion tasks with small mechanical clearances. The proposed approach is based on a bounding-volume hierarchy and takes advantage of key features of industrial mechanical components which are often modeled with surfaces describing functional contacts with canonical surfaces (cylinder, sphere, cone, plane, torus) while contacts over free-form surfaces like B-Splines are mostly accidental and encountered during operations of maintenance and manufacturing. We augment this hierarchy with the identification of supermaximal features in order to avoid redundant exact localization of contact points on canonical surfaces that may be represented as distinct features of the CAD model. In addition, we define polyhedral normal cones that offer tighter bounds of normals than existing normal cones of revolution. Moreover, we extend our method to handle configurations that involve beams modeled as deformable dilated Bézier curves. Finally, parallelization of the full approach allows industrial scenarios to be executed in real-time
Wu, Ke. "3D segmentation and registration for minimal invasive prostate cancer therapy." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00962028.
Full textMills-Smith, Laura A. "Eye Gaze Does Not Attenuate Cognitive Load on 14-Month-Olds' Word-Object Associative Learning for Minimal Pairs." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32779.
Full textMaster of Science
Guilbaud, Gaëlle Ghiringhelli Marc. "Conseil minimal de sevrage tabagique par le médecin généraliste point de vue de 406 personnes du pays d'Ancenis /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2007. http://castore.univ-nantes.fr/castore/GetOAIRef?idDoc=25716.
Full textBergougnoux, Quentin. "Co-design et implémentation d’un noyau minimal orienté par sa preuve, et évolution vers les architectures multi-coeur." Thesis, Lille 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIL1I029/document.
Full textDue to the major growth of the Internet of Things and Cloud Computing worlds, security in those systems has become a major issue. Many exploits and attacks happened in the last few years, highlighting the need of strong security guarantees on those systems. Most of the times, a vulnerability in the kernel or one of its modules is enough to compromise the whole system. Etablishing and proving security properties through proof assistants seems to be a huge step towards bringing security guarantees. This relies on using mathematical models in order to reason on their behaviour, and prove the latter remains correct. Still, due to the huge and complex code base of the software running on those systems, especially the kernel, this is a tedious task. Understanding the internals of those kernels, and writing an associated proof on some security property, is more and more difficult as the kernel grows in size. In this thesis, I propose a new approach of kernel design, the proto-kernel. By reducing the features provided by the kernel to their most minimal subset, this model, in addition to lowering the attack surface, reduces the cost of the proof effort. It also allows a wide range of systems to be built on top of it, as the minimality of the features embedded into the kernel causes the remaining features to be built at the userland level. I also provide in this thesis a concrete implementation of this model, the Pip proto-kernel. By providing only the most minimal and mandatory system calls, both the usability of the kernel and the feasibility of the proof are ensured. In order to reduce the model-to-binary transition effort, most of the kernel is written directly in Gallina, the language of the Coq Proof Assistant, and is automatically converted to compilable C code during compilation phase. Pip only relies on a thin hardware abstraction layer written in low-level languages, which provides the operations the model requires, such as modifying the hardware configuration. Moreover, as Internet of Things and Cloud Computing use cases would require, I propose some extensions of Pip’s model, in order to support multicore hardware. Backed up by real implementations, those models bring the Pip proto-kernel to multicore architectures, bringing strong security guarantees in those modern environments. Finally, I validate my approach and its implementation through benchmarks and a Linux kernel port proof-of-concept, displaying the flexibility of the Pip proto-kernel in real world environments
Bekkouche, Mohammed. "Combinaison des techniques de Bounded Model Checking et de programmation par contraintes pour l'aide à la localisation d'erreurs : exploration des capacités des CSP pour la localisation d'erreurs." Thesis, Nice, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015NICE4096/document.
Full textA model checker can produce a trace of counter-example for erroneous program, which is often difficult to exploit to locate errors in source code. In my thesis, we proposed an error localization algorithm from counter-examples, named LocFaults, combining approaches of Bounded Model-Checking (BMC) with constraint satisfaction problem (CSP). This algorithm analyzes the paths of CFG (Control Flow Graph) of the erroneous program to calculate the subsets of suspicious instructions to correct the program. Indeed, we generate a system of constraints for paths of control flow graph for which at most k conditional statements can be wrong. Then we calculate the MCSs (Minimal Correction Sets) of limited size on each of these paths. Removal of one of these sets of constraints gives a maximal satisfiable subset, in other words, a maximal subset of constraints satisfying the postcondition. To calculate the MCSs, we extend the generic algorithm proposed by Liffiton and Sakallah in order to deal with programs with numerical instructions more efficiently. This approach has been experimentally evaluated on a set of academic and realistic programs
Laporte, Sébastien. "Reconstruction 3D du squelette humain pour la biomécanique par radiographie biplane à dose minimale d'irradiation." Paris, ENSAM, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002ENAM0024.
Full textTsarmpopoulos, Iason. "Ingénierie de génome de bactéries minimales par des outils CRISPR/Cas9." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BORD0787/document.
Full textMycoplasmas are small pathogenic bacteria that are characterized by reduced genomes of about 1 Mbp with a low G+C content. The interest of the scientific community towards these species has been recently renewed by successful synthesis of their genome and transplantation experiments. These new genetic tools opened the way to further applications and developments for large-scale genome engineering programmes. CRISPR/Cas systems are natural systems that provide bacteria and archaea with an adaptive defense mechanism against invading nucleic acids. The CRISPR system from Streptococcus pyogenes includes an endonuclease (SpCas9) and two CRISPR RNAs (crRNA et tracrRNA) which role are to drive Cas9 to a target sequence. Target recognition depends on a specific pairing of the crRNA and the presence of a motif named protospacer adjacent motif (PAM). After recognition, Cas9 cleaves the targeted DNA. From the natural S. pyogenes system, a simplified genetic tool including Cas9 and a guide RNA (gRNA) was developed for many organisms . The first goal of my thesis was to combine the synthetic biology methods of genome cloning in yeast and back transplantation into recipient cells with a CRISPR/Cas9 tool for efficient engineering of mycoplasma genomes cloned in yeast. We succeeded in removing genes and genomic regions in three different species, Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri (Mmc), M. capricolum subsp. capricolum and M. pneumoniae. Then, in order to develop a system optimized for mycoplasma genome editing, we characterized a natural CRISPR/Cas9 system derived from Mycoplasma gallisepticum (Mg). Using a combination of in silico and in vivo approaches, MgCas9 PAM sequence was characterized as NNNAAAA. We then started to develop a minimal CRISPR/Cas system from M. gallisepticum for direct genome editing in mollicutes. Thus we introduced MgCas9 encoding gene in Mmc and tried to activate it with a newly designed gRNA, a chimeric molecule between the crRNA and the tracrRNA of M. gallisepticum, without success yet
Akéké, Eric Dago. "Classification des singularités minimales de surfaces normales par les discriminants génériques." Aix-Marseille 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005AIX11030.
Full textCohen, Emmanuel. "Cartographie, analyse et reconnaissance de réseaux vasculaires par Doppler ultrasensible 4D." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLED046/document.
Full textUltrasensitive Doppler is a new ultrasound imaging technique allowing the observation of blood flows with a very fine resolution and no contrast agent. Applied to cerebral microvascular imaging in rodents, this method produces very fine vascular 3D maps of the brain at high spatial resolution. These vascular networks contain characteristic tubular structures that could be used as landmarks to localize the position of the ultrasonic probe and take advantage of the easy-to-use properties of ultrasound devices such as low cost and portability. Thus, we developed a first neuronavigation system in rodents based on automatic registration of brain images. Using minimal path extraction methods, we developed a new isotropic segmentation framework for 3D geometric analysis of vascular networks (extraction of centrelines, diameters, curvatures, bifurcations). This framework was applied to quantify brain and tumor vascular networks, and finally leads to the development of point cloud registration algorithms for temporal monitoring of tumors
Golshan, Shahram Mohammad-Mehdi. "Photon Exchange Between a Pair of Nonidentical Atoms with Two Forms of Interactions." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1987. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc331447/.
Full textCampbell, Joseph Francis. "Gas turbine regenerators: a method for selecting the optimum plate-finned surface pair for minimum core volume." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/25967.
Full textBased on a power law curve fit for the Soland et al. [2] modification of the Kays-London [1] way to presenting heat exchanger performance, a closed-form solution for sizing counterflow regenerators is derived...
Batard, Éric. "Apport de l’expérimentation au traitement des infections graves par les cocci à gram positif : corrélations in vitro – in vivo." Nantes, 2005. https://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show/show?id=78d9ed52-cc49-44f0-8777-7f52c7d75fba.
Full textThree distinct experimentations were led. First, we showed that the MIC of telithromycin for some strains of pneumococcus is higher when measured in CO2 than in ambient air. Telithromycin remains active in the murine sepsis against strains which are susceptible in ambient air and intermediate in CO2. Second, we did not find a correlation between the MIC and in vivo activity of teicoplanin against 9 strains of S. Epidermidis, whereas we found such a correlation for ciprofloxacin against the same strains. Third, we have found no synergy between quinupristin-dalfopristin and gentamicin against S. Aureus, in vitro and in the rabbit endocarditis model. From this data, we discuss the complexity of the relation between in vitro and in vivo activities of antibiotics
SPAULDING, MESKENS CATHERINE. "Telhepat : banque de donnees informatisee sur l'hepatotoxicite des medicaments accessible par minitel." Toulouse 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988TOU31252.
Full textSimonnet, Richard. "Amélioration des algorithmes de reconstruction d'image pour la tomographie d'émission par collimation à trous larges et longs." Phd thesis, Université d'Angers, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00594594.
Full textJohansson, Siri, and Elin Lethagen. "Barns förmåga till fonemdiskrimination i åldern tre till fem år." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Logopedi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-67135.
Full textAubry, Christophe. "Estimation parametrique par la methode de la distance minimale pour les processus de poisson et de diffusion." Le Mans, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LEMA1005.
Full textPogorelcnik, Romain. "Decomposition by complete minimum separators and applications." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012CLF22301/document.
Full textWe worked on clique minimal separator decomposition. In order to compute this decomposition on a graph G we need to compute the minimal separators of its triangulation H. In this context, the first efforts were on finding a clique minimal separators in a chordal graph. We defined a structure called atom tree inspired from the clique tree to compute and represent the final products of the decomposition, called atoms. The purpose of this thesis was to apply this technique on biological data. While we were manipulating this data using Galois lattices, we noticed that the clique minimal separator decomposition allows a divide and conquer approach on Galois lattices. One biological application of this thesis was the detection of fused genes which are important evolutionary events. Using algorithms we produced in the course of along our work we implemented a program called MosaicFinder that allows an efficient detection of this fusion event and their pooling. Another biological application was the extraction of genes of interest using expression level data. The atom tree structure allowed us to have a good visualization of the data and to be able to compute large datasets
Parmentier, Sandy. "Une nouvelle méthode d'estimation du nombre minimum d'individus(NMI) par une approche allométrique : le NMI par exclusions. : applications aux séries ostéologiques de la région Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AIX20698/document.
Full textEstimation of the Minimum Number of Individuals (MNI) constitutes an essential stage of the study of commingled remains, both in physical and forensic anthropology. In physical anthropology, this estimation allow to improve paleodemographic profiles but also to propose better hypotheses as for the management and the use of the funeral space, whereas in forensic anthropology, it takes a major interest in identification procedures of victims and in the judicial involvement which result from it.Nowadays used methods estimating the MNI possess certain limits dependent on the subjectivity of the used criteria. Considering these limits, we propose a new method organized through a biometric approach based on the allometric principle. From a selection of 136 osteometric measures, we calculated the parameters of 18360 equations of linear regressions allowing us to obtain the prediction of a biometric measure from another one as well as the borders of the interval of individual prediction at 99 %.We elaborated a computer tool of iterative tests allowing to obtain, from the very highly likely exclusion from membership of bones in the same individual, an estimation of the MNI.The results of the MNI by exclusions obtained in different applications show that this NMI is particularly successful in numerous cases.In the final, we propose a new method, objective and reliable, of estimation of the Minimum Number of Individuals - the MNI by exclusions - useful as well in archaeological and forensic context
Feuvrier, Vincent. "Un résultat d'existence pour les ensembles minimaux par optimisation sur des grilles polyédrales." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00348735.
Full textDaniel, Benoît. "Sur les surfaces de Bryant et les disques minimaux délimités par trois droites." Paris 7, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA077150.
Full textZhang, Yunxin, and 张云鑫. "On the admissible pairs of rational homogeneous manifolds of Picard number 1 and geometric structures defined by their varieties of minimal rational tangents." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/206439.
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Mathematics
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
Fromont, Magalie. "Quelques problèmes de sélection de modèles : construction de tests adaptatifs, ajustement de pénalités par des méthodes de bootstrap." Paris 11, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA112276.
Full textThe nonasymptotic approach to model selection by penalization for adaptive estimation, as initially proposed by Birgé and Massart, has been adapted to numerous statistical problems. This thesis, which is devoted to the construction of adaptive tests and classification rules in nonparametric frameworks, further developes this line of research. In the first section, we consider a density model, where the density s is assumed to belong to L2(R). We propose some goodness-of-fit tests of hypotheses such as "s equals some given density" or "s belongs to some translation/scale family". We describe classes of alternatives over which these tests have a prescribed power. Then we prove that they are adaptive in the minimax sense (up to a possible logarithmic factor) over Hölder classes or Besov balls. The second section, motivated by an application to laser vibrometry, deals with the problem of periodic signal detection in a Gaussian fixed design regression model. After studying the minimax separation rates over some periodic Sobolev balls when the variance is known, we present a testing procedure available when the variance and the period are unknown, and adaptive (up to a logarithmic factor) over the considered Sobolev balls. In the third section, we consider the binary classification framework. We build new classification rules by minimizing the sum of the empirical classification error and a penalty term based on bootstrap samples of the observations. The obtained rules satisfy "oracle" type inequalities and achieve the global minimax risk over Vapnik-Chervonenkis classes. The methods developed in this thesis are inspired by the empirical processes theory. Each theoretical result is furthermore illustrated by an experimental study
Martins, Maisa Jussara. "Estudo acústico da pronúncia de pares mínimos vocálicos do inglês por falantes nativos, professores brasileiros e alunos de nível intermediário e avançado /." Araraquara : [s.n.], 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/91302.
Full textBanca: Paula Tavares Pinto Paiva
Banca: Larissa Cristina Berti
Resumo: O presente trabalho de mestrado refere-se a um estudo acústico de pronúncia, que tem como principal objetivo verificar e analisar, por meio de registros de fala de professores brasileiros, de alunos de língua inglesa em nível intermediário e avançado, e de falantes nativos americanos, a maneira como esses indivíduos realizam os pares mínimos vocálicos /i/ e /I/, /E/ e /Q/. O primeiro critério de análise foi a aplicação de um questionário aos professores e alunos participantes; por meio dele, foi possível traçar as competências dos docentes e definir a atuação dos discentes como alunos de inglês; ademais, foi possível encaixá-los nos níveis de proficiência determinados pela escola onde os dados foram coletados. Com relação aos critérios acústicos, foram utilizados os seguintes parâmetros: o valor das freqüências de F1 e F2 das vogais produzidas pelos sujeitos participantes, sendo possível verificar o movimento de avanço / recuo e levantamento / abaixamento do corpo da língua durante a articulação dos segmentos; a diferença formântica entre F1 e F2, parâmetro que melhor define o grau de posterioridade de um som vocálico; e, por fim, a duração dos segmentos, parâmetro acústico essencial para a distinção entre as vogais analisadas. Sobre a metodologia de pesquisa, foram gravados 28 sujeitos: dois americanos nativos, dois professores brasileiros de inglês e 24 alunos brasileiros de uma escola de idiomas localizada em São José do Rio Preto (SP). Foi pedido para que cada indivíduo repetisse os pares de palavras cheap / chip e beg / bag três vezes (nesses vocábulos, realizam-se as vogais /i/ e /I/, /E/ e /Q/). Por meio das gravações, foi possível realizar a medição da freqüência dos formantes F1 e F2 das vogais produzidas por eles, bem como a medição da duração de cada som vocálico. A repetição por três vezes dos pares mínimos... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: This master paper is an acoustic study of pronunciation, whose main goal is verify and analyze, through speech data of Brazilian teachers, intermediate and advanced students of English, and American native speakers, the way these people produce the vocalic minimal pairs /i/ and /I/, /E/ and /Q/. The first criterion of analysis was related to a questionnaire answered by the teachers and the students; this questionnaire allowed the researcher to define the teachers' competences and the learners' behavior as English students; besides, it was possible to fit them into the levels of proficiency determined by the school where the data was collected. Regarding the acoustic criteria, the following fundamental parameters were taken into consideration: F1 and F2 frequency values of vowels produced by the participants, in which it was possible to verify the tongue movements, associated with advancement and height, during the segmental articulation; the formant differences between F1 and F2, which better defines the posterior position of a vowel; and, finally, the segmental duration, which is an important acoustic parameter to distinguish the analyzed vowels. Concerning the research methodology, 28 people were recorded: two native Americans, two Brazilian English teachers and 24 Brazilian students from a language school located in São José do Rio Preto (SP). Each person had to repeat the pair of words cheap / chip and beg / bag for three times (in such words, the vowels /i/ and /I/, /E/ and /Q/ are expected to occur). With the recordings, it was possible to measure F1 and F2 frequencies of the vowels produced by the participants, as well as the duration of each vocalic sound. In the analyses, the absolute values of the formants and duration were not taken into consideration but an arithmetic average of the values from the three utterances of each case. It was concluded that the Brazilian... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre
Saumard, Adrien. "Estimation par Minimum de Contraste Régulier et Heuristique de Pente en Sélection de Modèles." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00569372.
Full textNonnon, Philippe. "Contribution à l'étude d'un redresseur à MLI à perturbations minimales du réseau." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991INPL005N.
Full textMullis, Ricky. "Development of an individualised patient-centred instrument to measure minimum clinically important fifference in low back pain." Thesis, Keele University, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.487306.
Full textZhou, Yang. "Development of a CMOS pixel sensor for embedded space dosimeter with low weight and minimal power dissipation." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAE021/document.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the development of a CMOS monolithic pixel sensor used for space ionizingparticles identification and counting in high flux. A new concept for single particle identification isproposed in this study, which is based on the analysis of particle triggered clusters. To validate thisnew concept, a full size sensor including the sensitive pixel matrix, an analogue signal processingchain, a 3-bit analogue to digital converter, and a digital processing stage was designed in a 0.35μm process. The sensor directly output particles flux information through 4 channels with a verylow data rate (80 bps) and minimal power dissipation (~ 100mW). Each channel representsparticles with different species and energies. The highest measurable flux density is up to 108particles/cm2/s (hits pile up < 5%). A reduced scale prototype was fabricated and tested with 3types of radiation illumination (X-ray, electrons and infrared laser). All the results obtained validatethe proposed new concept and a highly miniaturized space radiation monitor based on a singleCMOS pixel sensor could be foreseen. The monitor could provide measurements of comparable orbetter quality than existing instruments, but at around an order of magnitude lower powerconsumption, mass and volume and a lower unit cost. Moreover, due to its high level and low datarate outputs, no signal treatment power aside the sensor is required which makes it especiallyattractive for small satellite application
Ernenwein, Jean-Pierre. "Contribution à la recherche du boson de Higgs standard et non minimal par les canaux H0e+e- et H0μ+μ- dans l'expérience L3 à LEP." Lyon 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LYO10011.
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