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1
Dziuba, Dmytro, Oleg Loskutov, Oleksiy Khavryuchenko, and Dmytro Mityurev. "Postpartum haemorrhage: minimum allowable haemoglobin level." EUREKA: Health Sciences, no. 4 (July 31, 2022): 3–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.21303/2504-5679.2022.002569.
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Despite defining the acceptable postpartum haemoglobin levels, there is neither consensus, nor a strong statistically proven analysis of its minimum safe level and its influence on systemic haemodynamic and oxygen metabolism in particular.
 The aim. Therefore, this study aimed to determine statistically minimal allowable haemoglobin levels in postpartum women in case of postpartum haemorrhage which allows the cardiac functional status and oxygen metabolism to be maintained on the lower margin of the physiological range.
 Materials and methods: Clinical research was on 113 postpartum women who had received blood transfusions for postpartum haemorrhages were selected for this study. The following circulation parameters were assessed: heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (BPs), diastolic blood pressure (BPD), mean arterial pressure (MAP), central venous pressure (CVP), cardiac index (СІ), contractility index (ΔS), systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI), systemic oxygen delivery index (IDО2), systemic oxygen consumption index (IVО2), tissue oxygen extraction ratio (O2ER).
 Results: Through a comparison of hemodynamic parameters depending on haematocrit and haemoglobin levels in patients with postpartum blood loss it was discovered that in case of blood loss and consequent intensive therapy aimed at TBV (total blood volume) restoration statistically significant changes of BPs, MAP, СІ and SVRI were observed. Also, during this study linear high-degree correlations between СІ, ΔS and Hb levels were found.
 Analysis of systemic oxygen transport dependence on haematocrit and haemoglobin levels for patients during the early postpartum period demonstrates significant differences in cardiac indexes with a strong positive statistically significant correlation between these parameters and haemoglobin levels.
 Conclusion. From the calculation of the minimum allowable haemoglobin level in postpartum women in case of blood loss using linear regression with coefficients calculated through the method of least squares the Hb=82.5 g/L value was obtained, which can be considered the minimum allowable level in postpartum women in case of postpartum blood loss which allows the cardiac functional status and oxygen metabolism to be on safety physiological range
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Dziuba, Dmytro, Oleg Loskutov, Oleksiy Khavryuchenko, and Dmytro Mityurev. "Postpartum haemorrhage: minimum allowable haemoglobin level." EUREKA: Health Sciences, no. 4 (July 31, 2022): 3–17. https://doi.org/10.21303/2504-5679.2022.002569.
Full textAbstract:
Despite defining the acceptable postpartum haemoglobin levels, there is neither consensus, nor a strong statistically proven analysis of its minimum safe level and its influence on systemic haemodynamic and oxygen metabolism in particular. The aim. Therefore, this study aimed to determine statistically minimal allowable haemoglobin levels in postpartum women in case of postpartum haemorrhage which allows the cardiac functional status and oxygen metabolism to be maintained on the lower margin of the physiological range. Materials and methods: Clinical research was on 113 postpartum women who had received blood transfusions for postpartum haemorrhages were selected for this study. The following circulation parameters were assessed: heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (BPs), diastolic blood pressure (BPD), mean arterial pressure (MAP), central venous pressure (CVP), cardiac index (СІ), contractility index (ΔS), systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI), systemic oxygen delivery index (IDО2), systemic oxygen consumption index (IVО2), tissue oxygen extraction ratio (O2ER). Results: Through a comparison of hemodynamic parameters depending on haematocrit and haemoglobin levels in patients with postpartum blood loss it was discovered that in case of blood loss and consequent intensive therapy aimed at TBV (total blood volume) restoration statistically significant changes of BPs, MAP, СІ and SVRI were observed. Also, during this study linear high-degree correlations between СІ, ΔS and Hb levels were found. Analysis of systemic oxygen transport dependence on haematocrit and haemoglobin levels for patients during the early postpartum period demonstrates significant differences in cardiac indexes with a strong positive statistically significant correlation between these parameters and haemoglobin levels. Conclusion. From the calculation of the minimum allowable haemoglobin level in postpartum women in case of blood loss using linear regression with coefficients calculated through the method of least squares the Hb=82.5 g/L value was obtained, which can be considered the minimum allowable level in postpartum women in case of postpartum blood loss which allows the cardiac functional status and oxygen metabolism to be on safety physiological range
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Pinem, Hendri Wahyudi, Alwi Thamrin Nasution, and Bayu Rusfandi Nasutio. "The Association between Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) Level and Hemoglobin and Hematocrit Level in Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Patients with Regular Hemodialysis." International Journal of Research and Review 8, no. 10 (2021): 412–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20211055.
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Introduction: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a pathophysiological process with various etiology that causes a progressive decline in kidney function and ends in kidney failure. [1] CKD is a health problem that occurs in the community and has covered globally. The 2010 Global Burden of Disease stated that CKD was the 27th leading cause of death in the world in 1990. This has increased to 18th in 2010. Parathyroid hormone is a potential factor in the incidence of anemia in CKD patients. In CKD patients, there is an increase in levels of parathyroid hormone which is a uremic toxin that inhibits erythropoietin by increasing fibrosis in the bone marrow (myelofibrosis). The role of PTH in cases of renal anemia has been extensively investigated by various clinical observational studies. This study aimed to determine the association between parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels and hemoglobin and hematocrit levels in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients with regular hemodialysis in Haji Adam Malik Central General Hospital. Methods: This is an analytical study with a cross-sectional design. A total of 45 study subjects met the inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria, underwent history taking, physical examination, anthropometry, and laboratory examination to measure parathyroid hormone, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and albumin levels. Data analysis was performed using SPSS. Results: The measured PTH level had a minimum value of 113 pg/ml and a maximum of 595 pg/ml with an average of 431.4. The minimum hemoglobin value is 6.3 g/dl and a maximum of 11.5 g/dl with an average of 7.9, while for the hematocrit the minimum value is 19% and the maximum is 35% and the average is 24.7. The Mann-Whitney U test showed that there is a significant relationship between PTH levels and hemoglobin, indicated by a significant p value of 0.001 (p value < 0.05). A significant relationship was also found between PTH levels and hematocrit (p value = 0.039). Conclusion: Parathyroid hormone has a statistically significant relationship with haemoglobin and haematocrit levels in CKD patients with regular hemodialysis. Keywords: Chronic kidney disease; haemoglobin; haematocrit; parathyroid hormone; anemia; hemodialysis.
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BALOUCH, N., S. WAHEED, T. WAHEED, and KH MEMON. "BURDEN OF ANEMIA AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN AT KAUSAR HOSPITAL MOTHER AND CHILD HEALTH CARE CENTRE KHAIRPUR MIR’S, PAKISTAN." Biological and Clinical Sciences Research Journal 2024, no. 1 (2024): 701. http://dx.doi.org/10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.701.
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Anemia is the condition in which hemoglobin level may become lower than normal <11.0g/dl. According to an estimate, about one-third of the world's population (over 2 billion) are anemic. The study aimed to determine the Prevalence of anemia and associated factors among pregnant women at Kausar Hospital Mother and Child Health Care Centre Khairpur Mir’s, Sindh, Pakistan. The cross-sectional study was conducted from August to December 2019. A total number of 100 pregnant women were randomly included in this study. A predesigned questionnaire was filled out by face-to-face interviews consisting of socio-demographic characteristics, including Name, Age, gestational age, educational level, occupation, and monthly income. Anemia was classified as per World Health Organisation (WHO) criteria. The prevalence rate of Anemia in the present study was 69%. Minimum Haemoglobin levels were observed at 5.6 g/dL, and maximum Haemoglobin levels were observed at 12.4 g/dL with an average Haemoglobin of 10.05 g/dL ±1.44. Among them, 49% had mild anemia, 17% moderate anemia, and 3% severe anemia. At the same time, the patients were divided into age groups of 15-20 years, 21 to 25 years, 26 to 30 years, and 31-35 years to compare Anemia or Haemoglobin levels. Results showed a higher prevalence of anemia between the ages of 26 and 30. The minimum age was observed to be 20 years and a maximum of 35 years, with an average age of 28.12 years ±2.5 years. It was observed that the prevalence of Anemia was higher in 7-9 gestational months; socio-economic factors (Age, Gestational month, Number of children, and income source) showed significant association with Anemia. The present study concludes that the Prevalence of Anemia and Associated Factors among Pregnant Women at Kausar Hospital was 69%. Among them, 49% had mild anemia, 17% moderate anemia, and 3% severe anemia.
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Prasetya, Anak Agung Ngurah Putra Riana, Budi Suprapti, and Bayu Dharma Shanti. "Effectivity of Erythropoietin Alpha Compared to Erythropoietin Beta in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease-Anemia on Hemodialysis." Folia Medica Indonesiana 55, no. 2 (2019): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/fmi.v55i2.14330.
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Anemia in patient with chronic kidney disease could cause a lot of complication. The first line therapy of this condition is by treating with erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESA) or called erythropoietin. The erythropoietin alpha and beta were two types of the human recombinant erythropoietin that are usually used in Indonesia. The aim of this study was to determine the effectivity of erythropoietin alpha compared to erythropoietin beta especially in haemoglobin and haematocrit level. This prospective observational study was conducted in March – September 2016. The inclusion criteria were CKD stage 5 patients with a minimum of 3 months of regular hemodialysis, Hb <10 g/dL with enough iron status ST > 20% and FS > 200ng/mL. The methology of this study had been approved by the Health Research Ethics Committee of the Bhayangkara H.S. Samsoeri Mertojoso Hospital, Surabaya. Patients received 2000 IU subcutaneous erythropoietin twice a week on both groups. Blood sample was withdrawn in pre-treatment and after 4 weeks of post erythropoietin therapy treatment for measurement of haemoglobin and haematocrit. Target for this erythropoietin therapy are increase of Hb 0.5 – 1.5 g/dL (not to exceed 12 g/dL) and increase of Hct level 2 – 4 % in 4 weeks. Based on the inclusion criteria, there were 20 patients in this study (10 patient each of both erythropoietin alpha either beta group) that consist of 7 women and 13 men. After the treatment, the mean of increased haemoglobin level for erythropoietin alpha group was 1.28 ± 0.80 g/dL (p=0.001) and erythropoietin beta was 0.37 ± 0.95 g/dL (p=0.254). The mean of increased haematocrit level for erytropoietin alpha group was 3.56 ± 3.46 % (p=0.010) and erythropoietin beta was 1.34 ± 2.71 % (p=0.152). In comparison of haemoglobin and haematocrit achievement in both groups showed that erythropoietin alpha gave better achievement in haemoglobin parameter (p=0.033), but there were no differences in both groups on haematocrit parameters (p=0.127).
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Prasetya, Anak Agung Ngurah Putra Riana, Budi Suprapti, and Bayu Dharma Shanti. "Effectivity of Erythropoietin Alpha Compared to Erythropoietin Beta in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease-Anemia on Hemodialysis." Folia Medica Indonesiana 55, no. 2 (2021): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/fmi.v55i2.24461.
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Anemia in patient with chronic kidney disease could cause a lot of complication. The first line therapy of this condition is by treating with erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESA) or called erythropoietin. The erythropoietin alpha and beta were two types of the human recombinant erythropoietin that are usually used in Indonesia. The aim of this study was to determine the effectivity of erythropoietin alpha compared to erythropoietin beta especially in haemoglobin and haematocrit level. This prospective observational study was conducted in March – September 2016. The inclusion criteria were CKD stage 5 patients with a minimum of 3 months of regular hemodialysis, Hb <10 g/dL with enough iron status ST > 20% and FS > 200ng/mL. The methology of this study had been approved by the Health Research Ethics Committee of the Bhayangkara H.S. Samsoeri Mertojoso Hospital, Surabaya. Patients received 2000 IU subcutaneous erythropoietin twice a week on both groups. Blood sample was withdrawn in pre-treatment and after 4 weeks of post erythropoietin therapy treatment for measurement of haemoglobin and haematocrit. Target for this erythropoietin therapy are increase of Hb 0.5 – 1.5 g/dL (not to exceed 12 g/dL) and increase of Hct level 2 – 4 % in 4 weeks. Based on the inclusion criteria, there were 20 patients in this study (10 patient each of both erythropoietin alpha either beta group) that consist of 7 women and 13 men. After the treatment, the mean of increased haemoglobin level for erythropoietin alpha group was 1.28 ± 0.80 g/dL (p=0.001) and erythropoietin beta was 0.37 ± 0.95 g/dL (p=0.254). The mean of increased haematocrit level for erytropoietin alpha group was 3.56 ± 3.46 % (p=0.010) and erythropoietin beta was 1.34 ± 2.71 % (p=0.152). In comparison of haemoglobin and haematocrit achievement in both groups showed that erythropoietin alpha gave better achievement in haemoglobin parameter (p=0.033), but there were no differences in both groups on haematocrit parameters (p=0.127).
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Enderia Sari. "PERBANDINGAN KADAR HAEMOGLOBIN DAN HEMATOCRIT PADA REMAJA PUTRI SEBELUM DAN SESUDAH MENSTRUASI DI SMA MUHAMMADIYAH 5 PALEMBANG." Jurnal Inspirasi Kesehatan 1, no. 1 (2023): 95–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.52523/jika.v1i1.16.
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Background:. Young women have ten times greater risk of suffering from anemia compared to young men. This is because young women experience menstruation every month and are in a period of growth, so they need more iron intake Objective: Postpartum mothers can understand and practice proper breastfeeding techniques and umbilical cord care. Methods: The research design used was a pre-experimental design (one group pretest posttest). The population in this study was a total population of 91 respondents, and there were 8 respondents who dropped out. The data was carried out using the Wilcoxon Test, with a 95% confidence level. Results: From the premenstrual analysis, the mean hemoglobin concentration was 13.1 g%. The maximum hemoglobin level was 14.8 g% and the minimum value was 10.6 g%. In post menstruation, the results of the mean hemoglobin examination were 13.1 g%, the maximum hemoglobin level was 15.0 g% and the minimum value was 10.3 gr. In Bivariate analysis From the results of the Wilcoxon test, the significance number shows the pre and post hemoglobin level of 0.74 and the hematocrit level of 0.435. Because the p value > 0.05, it can be concluded that there is no significant difference before and after examination of hemoglobin and hematocrit levels. Conclusion: from the analysis of pre- and post-menstrual hemoglobin and hematocrit examinations, there is no significant difference to pre- and post-menstrual examinations of pre- and post-menstrual hemoglobin and hematocrit levels.
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Harrison, D. K., P. T. McCollum, D. J. Newton, P. Hickman, and A. S. Jain. "Amputation level assessment using lightguide spectrophotometry." Prosthetics and Orthotics International 19, no. 3 (1995): 139–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/03093649509167996.
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The aim of this experimental study was to investigate whether lightguide spectrophotometry in the visible wavelength range in skin could be used to predict stump healing viability in patients with critical lower limb ischaemia. Remission spectra recorded at two sites (medial and lateral) on the line of a proposed trans-tibial amputation (TTA) and at 10mm intervals along the leg were analysed to give haemoglobin oxygenation (SO2). Degree of tissue hypoxia (DTH) along the leg was defined as the percentage of values along the leg less than 10% SO2. DTH and mean SO2 values were compared with skin blood flow values ((I125) 4-Iodoantipyrine clearance technique) and clinical outcome of trans-tibial amputation, (TTA) or trans-femoral amputation (TFA), in 41 patients. SO2 histograms were also measured in 12 normal subjects for comparison. The results of the study allowed the establishment of criteria for the accurate prediction of flap healing potential. Successful TTAs all displayed a minimum mean SO2 at the medial and lateral measurement sites of 30%, together with a maximum degree of tissue hypoxia of 15% along the limb. The combination of these criteria gave a sensitivity and selectivity of 1.0 for prediction of a successful outcome of TTA.
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Sepvianti, Wiwit, Serafica Btari Christiyani Kusumaningrum, Ikrimah Nafilata, Arum Sari, and Aulia Rahman. "Evaluasi Kualitas Sediaan Packed Red Cells Hasil Pemrosesan Metode Top and Top." JI-KES (Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan) 6, no. 1 (2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.33006/ji-kes.v6i1.333.
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ABSTRAKSediaan packed red cells dapat diperoleh melalui beberapa metode pemrosesan di antaranya adalah metode top and top, top and bottom serta leukodepleted. Di antara ketiga metode tersebut metode top and top adalah metode yang paling banyak digunakan di berbagai unit pelayanan darah. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan evaluasi kualitas packed red cells metode top and top dengan parameter uji kadar hemoglobin, residual leukosit, hematokrit dan pH darah. Adapun metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah observasional. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa rerata kadar hemoglobin diperoleh sebesar 49,02±5,51gram/unit, telah melebihi standar minimal hemoglobin yaitu 45gram/ unit. Selaras dengan kadar hemoglobin, kadar hematokrit juga berada pada kisaran ideal 65-75% dengan rerata kadar hematokrit sebesar 70,45±5,36%. Nilai pH darah kantong terukur berada pada rentangan 7,348±0,064, nilai ini sesuai dengan kriteria packed red cells yang baik yaitu memiliki kadar pH>6,71. Adapun parameter yang belum sesuai dengan standar adalah kadar residual leukosit. Packed red cells yang baik seharusnya memiliki residual leukosit <1,2x109sel/unit sedangkan pada penelitian ini diperoleh rerata residual leukosit sebesar (3,66±0,41)x109sel/unit yang menunjukkan jumlah leukosit tertinggal masih berada pada jumlah yang cukup banyak. Berdasarkan evaluasi yang dilakukan dapat dinyatakan bahwa packed red cells hasil pemrosesan top and top memiliki kualitas baik dari segi kadar hemoglobin, hematokrit dan pH darah namun kurang baik ditinjau dari level residual leukositnya.Kata kunci: hemoglobin, hematokrit, ph darah, packed red cells, residual leukositABSTRACTPacked red cells(PRC) could be obtained by several processing methods such as top and top, top and bottom and leuko-depleted methods. However, the most widely used method in the blood service unit is the top and top method. Therefore, this research was conducted to evaluate the quality of PRC produced from the top and top method with the haemoglobin level, leukocytes residual, hematocrit, and blood pH parameters. The research method used is observational. In addition, this study was performed to know the QC standard accomplishment. The results showed that the average haemoglobin level was 49,02±5,51gram/unit and reached the minimum (45gram/unit). The average of hematocrit also reached the minimum standard (65-75%) since it obtained 70,45±5,36%. The pH also had included in the sufficient criteria since it had 7,348±0,064, as pH needs to be >6,71. However, the level of the residual leukocyte had not reached the minimum standard yet (1,2x109cells/unit) since the residual leukocytes of PRC in this research were obtained (3,66±0,41)x109cells/unit. It showed that there were a high proportion of leukocytes left. Overall, based on the evaluation, it was concluded that the PRC produced from the top and top method had better quality in the haemoglobin level, hematocrit, and pH but not in the residual leukocyte level. Keywords: hemoglobin, hematocrit, blood pH, packed red cells, residual leukocytes Â
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Morris, P. C., and S. J. Davies. "Enhanced pyridoxine supplementation of diets for gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.)." Animal Science 61, no. 2 (1995): 445–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1357729800013990.
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AbstractUsing a high protein diet (483 g/kg), two trials were carried out to assess any potential benefit which may result from the supplementation of diets for fingerling and grower class gilthead seabream with pyridoxine at levels which were below, matched and far exceeded the minimum dietary requirement. At the level of supplementation below the minimal requirement (lowest level) the responses from the practical diet almost matched the responses from the diet containing an amount of pyridoxine corresponding to the published minimum requirement for the species and no significant improvement in performance was recorded in response to increasing supplement level. However, despite the absence of a marked effect on overall performance, a small potential for increased activity of alanine aminotransferase was recorded amongst grower class fish given diets containing the lowest supplement. The proximate composition of the grower class fish was unaffected by the level of pyridoxine supplementation though marginal increases in the lipid content of the fingerlings were observed. At the haematological level, haematocrit, total haemoglobin and the plasma concentrations of glucose and protein were also unaffected. However, on the application of an acute stressor (repeated netting), significant alterations in haematocrit and plasma glucose concentration reflecting dietary pyridoxine supplement were recorded.
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Bisch, Steven P., Lawrence Woo, Olle Ljungqvist, and Gregg Nelson. "Ferric derisomaltose and Outcomes in the Recovery of Gynecologic oncology: ERAS (Enhanced Recovery After Surgery) (FORGE) – a protocol for a pilot randomised double-blinded parallel-group placebo-controlled study of the feasibility and efficacy of intravenous ferric derisomaltose to correct preoperative iron-deficiency anaemia in patients undergoing gynaecological oncology surgery." BMJ Open 13, no. 11 (2023): e074649. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2023-074649.
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IntroductionIron-deficiency anaemia is common in gynaecological oncology patients. Blood transfusions are immunosuppressive and carry immediate and long-term risks. Oral iron replacement remains the standard of care but requires prolonged treatment courses associated with gastrointestinal side effects, poor compliance and variable absorption in cancer patients. Intravenous iron has been shown to decrease the need for allogeneic blood transfusion in gynaecological oncology patients undergoing chemotherapy, but the efficacy of this treatment in the preoperative period is unknown. The goal of this pilot study is to determine the effect of intravenous ferric derisomaltose on preoperative haemoglobin in patients undergoing surgery for gynaecological malignancy.Methods and analysisWe will conduct a pilot single-centre, parallel-arm randomised controlled trial of intravenous ferric derisomaltose versus placebo among consenting patients with iron-deficiency anaemia having elective major surgery on the gynaecological oncology service. Patients, clinicians and outcome assessors will be blinded. The intervention consists of a single infusion of 500–1000 mg of intravenous ferric derisomaltose administered a minimum of 21 days prior to the planned operation. The primary outcome is mean preoperative haemoglobin concentration measured 0–3 days prior to surgery in patients receiving intravenous ferric derisomaltose compared with those receiving placebo. Secondary outcomes include the following: change in haemoglobin concentration, postoperative haemoglobin concentration, perioperative blood transfusion rates, patient-reported quality of life scores (Quality of Recovery 15, Modified Short Form 36 v1, EuroQol 5-dimension 5-level and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy – Anaemia), surgical site infection, complication rates, length of hospital stay and readmission rate. Analyses will follow intention-to-treat principles for all randomised participants. All patients will be followed up to 60 days following surgery.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval has been granted by Health Research Ethics Board of Alberta (Project ID: HREBA.CC-22–0187) and Health Canada (HC6-024-c264013). Results will be disseminated through presentation at scientific conferences, peer-reviewed publication and social and traditional media.Trial registration numberNCT05407987.
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Priyanto, Agus, Eko Dian Hadi Suprayitno, and Andika Santo Suhirman. "The Correlation of Early Detection Results using Self Detection Application for Diabetes (SEDAB) with Haemoglobin A1C (HBA1C) Levels." Jurnal Ners dan Kebidanan (Journal of Ners and Midwifery) 9, no. 2 (2022): 205–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.26699/jnk.v9i2.art.p205-210.
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The increasing cases of diabetes mellitus significantly from year to year increase the burden on society and the government, because it requires time, cost and technology in handling. This disease can be controlled if the symptoms are detected early. The purpose of this research was to determine the correlation between the results of early detection using self-detection application for diabetes (SEDAB) with hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) levels. The research was carried out on June 2022. The research was a correlative research with a cross sectional approach. The population was the people of the Mojoroto Kediri village. The samples were taken with consideration of a minimum sample of 30 respondents with simple random sampling technique. The instrument used to assess the level of symptoms of diabetes mellitus was the SEDAB application. Diabetes Mellitus category was assessed through the observation sheet of laboratory examination results Hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C. The data analysis used the Spearman Rank test. The test results with the Spearman rank test showed a p-value of = 0.000. This meant that there was a correlation between the level of diabetes mellitus symptoms results detection with Self Detection Application for Diabetic (SEDAB) with diabetes mellitus level based on HBA1c examination results. It is important for health workers to expand the scope of early detection of diabetes mellitus by promoting independent early detection using an effective and efficient diabetes mellitus early detection instrument, namely the SEDAB application which easy to access and use.
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Al-Baiti, H. Y. "The study of relationship between effect of some environmental condition in some physiological haematological in cross bread Holstein Friesian Dairy." Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Medicine 34, no. 1 (2010): 16–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.30539/iraqijvm.v34i1.655.
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The aim of this study was to conduct the effect of environmental conditions(temperature degree and relative humidity) for three seasons ( winter , springand summer) on some physiological, productive and functional parameters ofFriesain dairy cow and their relation with two different lactational stages (Second and third lactational stages). This study was carried out in Al-TathaminDairy plan, Al-Dijyla'a ( Iraqi – Jordan Company) at Waist province. Thirtydairy cows were selected and divided in two groups, each group contains fifteencows depended on lactation stage. Blood sample were collected at monthlyintervals for hematological examination viz; packed cell volume haemoglobin,milk yield and milk traits such as fat percentage, total solid material, and nonfattysolid material was measured. The period of study lasted from 1-January2006 up to 1-september 2006. The result revealed following:1. Significant decreased in the haemoglobin concentration and packed cellvolume were decreased in the two lactation stages (second and thirdlactation stage).2. Milk yield was non significant decreased during summer as a result inincreased environmental temperature about 14.1co to 36.1co and decreaserelative humidity about 62.2% to 20%.3. Milk percentage decrease and reach it's minimum level during summer forthe third lactation stage to reach 2.6%.4. Total solid and total solid non-fatty material of milk percentage increased forthe two lactation stages during spring to reach (12.59%, 9.3%) fore the thirdlactation stage and (12.22%, 9.6%) fore the second lactation stage.
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Kareem, Abdulateef O., Akinsegun A. Akinbami, Ebele I. Uche, et al. "Ferritin and transferrin levels of the elderly population at Lagos State university teaching hospital, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria." International Journal of Scientific Reports 7, no. 12 (2021): 559. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-2156.intjscirep20214492.
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<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The elderly have limited regenerative abilities thus predisposing them to various diseases. Measuring both serum ferritin and transferrin serve as biomarkers of iron deficiency. This study, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) determined the serum levels of ferritin and transferrin in the elderly. Full blood count was also done and correlated with serum ferritin and transferrin levels of every participant.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This was a cross-sectional study at the Geriatric Clinic of Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (LASUTH). Following receipt of written consents from ninety (90) elderly participants, venous samples were drawn for full blood count (FBC) and samples for serum ferritin and transferrin ELISA assay collected and stored at -40<sup>o</sup>C until the required sample size was obtained. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 23.0 (Statistical Package for Social Sciences, Inc., Chicago, Ill). The Pearson chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. P value was considered to be statistically significant when &lt;0.05. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Participants consisted of 50 (55.6%) females and 40 (44.4%) males. The mean age of all participants was 71.31±7.38 years. The Majority, 90% (36 of 40) of the males had haemoglobin values lower than 13 gm/dl, while 66% (33 of 50) of females had haemoglobin values lower than 12 gm/dl. The mean ferritin concentration of all participants was 196.19 ±121.21ng/ml. The overall mean serum transferrin was 0.187±0.157 ng/ml with a minimum of 0.03 ng/ml and a maximum of 1.18 ng/ml.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Anaemia in the elderly is very common using the World Health Organization (WHO) haemoglobin cut-off values, however, iron deficiency anaemia prevalence is low.</p>
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Bazaliński, Dariusz, Beata Midura, Anna Wójcik, and Paweł Więch. "Selected Biochemical Blood Parameters and a Risk of Pressure Ulcers in Patients Receiving Treatment in Intensive Care Units." Medicina 57, no. 2 (2021): 177. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina57020177.
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Background and Objectives: This study aimed to assess the level of selected biochemical parameters in venous blood and their potential effects on the development of pressure ulcers in patients treated in intensive care settings. Materials and Methods: Fifty patients hospitalised in an intensive care unit (ICU) were enrolled for the study. The methods used included controlled observation, literature review and medical record analysis. The observation protocol applied in the study consisted of two parts comprising the basic information, sociodemographic data, results of laboratory tests (CRP, PCT, albumin, protein and haemoglobin concentrations) as well as the Braden Scale for Predicting Pressure Ulcer Risk. Results: The subjects presented moderate to high risk of pressure ulcers, reflected by the mean score of 8.18 ± 1.3 points, with minimum and maximum scores of 6 and 12 points, respectively. Normal albumin level was identified in only five subjects (10.0%) while 45 subjects (90.0%) were found with results below the norm. A statistical relationship was observed between such variables as albumin concentration (p < 0.01) and total protein level (p = 0.007). The findings show a strong correlation between the score in the Braden Scale and the level of albumins (R = 0.55). Conclusions: In our study, lower concentrations of albumins and total proteins correspond to a greater risk of pressure ulcers.
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Das, Abhilipsa, Joy Jena, and Pramoda Sahoo. "Haematological and innate immune responses in Puntius sarana: normal range and seasonal variation." Open Life Sciences 7, no. 3 (2012): 460–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11535-012-0026-3.
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AbstractA study was conducted to measure the normal ranges, seasonal and annual variations in haematological and immune parameters of juvenile healthy Puntius sarana (weighing 75–100 g) during three major seasons over two consecutive years. Significantly (P<0.05) lower serum myeloperoxidase and ceruloplasmin activities, superoxide production, plasma glucose level, packed cell volume and haemoglobin concentration were detected in winter as compared to the summer season. However, serum lysozyme activity, antiprotease activity, total erythrocyte count (TEC) and TLC profiles were consistent during all seasons. The reference intervals (25th–75th) of each parameter were estimated and a range was established. The annual changes in immune parameters with minimum and maximum values were measured and a significant variation was noticed in myeloperoxidase, antiprotease, total protein levels and TEC over two consecutive years. The lower levels in haematological and innate immune status of fish during winter possibly indicate a higher disease risk period for the species.
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L'Esperance, VS, T. Ekong, SE Cox, et al. "Nocturnal haemoglobin oxygen desaturation in urban and rural East African paediatric cohorts with and without sickle cell anaemia: a cross-sectional study." Archives of Disease in Childhood 101, no. 4 (2015): 352–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2014-306468.
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Low haemoglobin oxygen saturation (SpO2) predicts complications in children with sickle cell anaemia (SCA) in the North but there are few data from Africa, where the majority of the patients reside. We measured daytime and overnight SpO2 in children with SCA in routine follow-up clinic, and controls without symptoms of SCA, comparing rural (Kilifi, Kenya) and urban (Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania) cohorts. Daytime SpO2 was lower in 65 Tanzanian children with SCA (TS; median 97 (IQR 94–100)%); p<0.0001) than in 113 Kenyan children with SCA (KS; 99 (98–100)%) and 20 Tanzanian controls (TC; 100 (98–100)%). Compared with 95 Kenyan children with SCA, in 54 Tanzanian children with SCA and 19 TC who returned for overnight oximetry, mean (KS 99.0 (96.7–99.8)%; TS 97.9 (95.4–99.3)%; TC 98.4 (97.5–99.1)%; p=0.01) and minimum nocturnal SpO2 (92 (86–95)%; 87 (78.5–91)%; 90 (83.5–93)% p=0.0001) were lower. The difference between children with SCA persisted after adjustment for haemoglobin (p=0.004). Urban Tanzanian children, with and without SCA, experience greater exposure to low daytime and night-time SpO2 compared with rural Kenyan children with SCA. Possible explanations include differences in the prevalence of obstructive sleep apnoea or asthma, alterations in the oxyhaemoglobin desaturation curve or cardiovascular compromise, for example, to shunting at atrial or pulmonary level secondary to increased pulmonary artery pressure. The fact that non-SCA siblings in the urban area are also affected suggests that environmental exposures, for example, air pollution, nutrition or physical exercise, may play a role. Further studies should determine aetiology and clinical relevance for the SCA phenotype in children resident in Africa.
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Cullifer, Rachel, Christina Johnson, Terri Huynh, et al. "Preoperative risk factors for blood transfusion in women requiring surgical management of ectopic pregnancy: a retrospective cohort study." Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinical Medicine 4, no. 4 (2024): e000057. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gocm-2024-000057.
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ObjectiveThis study identifies preoperative risk factors associated with blood transfusion in women undergoing surgery for ectopic pregnancy. A retrospective chart review of 252 cases was performed at a single academic-affiliated community hospital system between January 2014 and October 2017. Univariate analysis was performed using non-parametric testing where appropriate, and significant variables were incorporated in multivariate modelling.MethodsIn this cohort of 252 women, the overall transfusion rate was 8.7% (n=22). Increasing age (OR 1.12, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.22), lower systolic blood pressure (SBP) on presentation (OR 0.96, 95% CI 0.93 to 1.00), lower minimum systolic and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (OR 0.92, 95% CI 0.89 to 1.95 and OR 0.9, 95% CI 0.84 to 0.93) and lower preoperative haemoglobin (g/L) (OR 0.46, 95% CI 0.33 to 0.62) were associated with higher rates of blood transfusion. Women who had prior care in their current pregnancy and women treated in a women’s specific emergency room (compared with a general emergency room) were less likely to be transfused (OR 0.16, 95% CI 0.05 to 0.51 and OR 0.09, 95% CI 0.03 to 0.30, respectively). Our study used a model in which variance in transfusion can reliably be explained by location of presentation to care, pain alone as a presenting complaint and haemoglobin level (Area under the curve (AUC) =0.87).ConclusionHistory of caesarean section and a presenting complaint of pain alone are newly identified indicators for women at higher risk of transfusion at the time of surgical management of ectopic pregnancy. Additionally, care provided in women’s specific emergency rooms may decrease the risk of blood transfusion in this population.
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Chowdhury, MGA, Azizunnesa ., MA Hossain, and Q. Hasan. "EFFECT OF NERIUM OLEANDER POISONING ON BLOOD OF MALE GUINEAPIGS." Bangladesh Journal of Veterinary Medicine 3, no. 1 (2012): 71–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjvm.v3i1.11389.
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Haematological changes were studied in 36 adult male guineapigs during the period from July to December 1994. These animals were divided into six equal groups (A to F), each group consisting of six animals. Each animal of group B to F was administered with a single oral dose of crude watery extract of sheath oleander @ 300, 450, 600, 750 and 900 mg / kg body weight, respectively, whereas animals of group A which served as control. After administration of crude watery extract of 1/2, 6 and 72 hours a significant increase of in total erythrocyte count (TEC), total leukocyte count (TLC) and haemoglobin (Hb). The maximum increase on TEC, TLC and Hb as 35, 51 and 14%, respectively, @ 750 mg / kg body weight at 6 hr of administration of crude watery extract and the minimum value of TEC, TLC and Hb as 16, 27 and 4%, respectively, with the dose rate of 300 mg / kg body weight at the same time. The elevated haematological parameters returned to normal level within 7 days of administration.
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Khan, Muhammad Umar, Maryam Sousani, Niraj Hirachan та ін. "Multilevel Pain Assessment with Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy: Evaluating ΔHBO2 and ΔHHB Measures for Comprehensive Analysis". Sensors 24, № 2 (2024): 458. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s24020458.
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Assessing pain in non-verbal patients is challenging, often depending on clinical judgment which can be unreliable due to fluctuations in vital signs caused by underlying medical conditions. To date, there is a notable absence of objective diagnostic tests to aid healthcare practitioners in pain assessment, especially affecting critically-ill or advanced dementia patients. Neurophysiological information, i.e., functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) or electroencephalogram (EEG), unveils the brain’s active regions and patterns, revealing the neural mechanisms behind the experience and processing of pain. This study focuses on assessing pain via the analysis of fNIRS signals combined with machine learning, utilising multiple fNIRS measures including oxygenated haemoglobin (ΔHBO2) and deoxygenated haemoglobin (ΔHHB). Initially, a channel selection process filters out highly contaminated channels with high-frequency and high-amplitude artifacts from the 24-channel fNIRS data. The remaining channels are then preprocessed by applying a low-pass filter and common average referencing to remove cardio-respiratory artifacts and common gain noise, respectively. Subsequently, the preprocessed channels are averaged to create a single time series vector for both ΔHBO2 and ΔHHB measures. From each measure, ten statistical features are extracted and fusion occurs at the feature level, resulting in a fused feature vector. The most relevant features, selected using the Minimum Redundancy Maximum Relevance method, are passed to a Support Vector Machines classifier. Using leave-one-subject-out cross validation, the system achieved an accuracy of 68.51%±9.02% in a multi-class task (No Pain, Low Pain, and High Pain) using a fusion of ΔHBO2 and ΔHHB. These two measures collectively demonstrated superior performance compared to when they were used independently. This study contributes to the pursuit of an objective pain assessment and proposes a potential biomarker for human pain using fNIRS.
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Hussein, Hany Aly, Ahmed Samir Allam, and Ahmed Samir Abdel Moaty. "Evaluation of Glycated Haemoglobin (HbA1c) Level in Type 2 Diabetic Chronic HCV Non-cirrhotic Treatment-Naïve Egyptian Patients Eradicated with Sofosbuvir Plus Daclatasvir." Current Diabetes Reviews 16, no. 2 (2020): 165–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573399815666190531091128.
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Background /Introduction: A high prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was seen in association with hepatitis C virus infection; moreover, risk of development of T2DM is increased about 11 folds in patients with risk factors for metabolic syndrome in the presence of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. There is a few available data on the effect of HCV eradication by the new direct-acting antiviral drugs (DAAs) on the glycemic control; hence the aim of our study is to evaluate the glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) level changes in type 2 diabetic chronic HCV non cirrhotic treatment-naïve Egyptian patients after eradication with sofosbuvir (SOV) plus daclatasvir (DCV). Patients and Methods: A prospective observational cross-sectional study, included 128 type 2 diabetic HCV patients with easy to treat criteria (non cirrhotic treatment-naïve patients with the following liver biochemical markers; total serum bilirubin ≤ 1.2 mg/dl, serum albumin ≥ 3.5 g/dl, INR≤ 1.2 and Platelet count≥ 150.000/mm3); according to the protocol of the Egyptian National Committee for Controlling HCV and the guidelines of the European Association for the Study of the Liver. HbA1c was done for all patients enrolled in the study before starting antiviral treatment, at the end of treatment and 3 months (12 weeks) after the end of treatment to patients who achieved sustained virological response (SVR) 12 only. Results: According to their antidiabetic medications, patients were classified to Group I: 70 patients taking oral hypoglycemic drugs, Group II: 58 patients taking insulin therapy +/- oral hypoglycemic drugs. Regarding the glycemic profile, a statistically significant decrease of mean HbA1c % values was found in the studied patients (n=128), over the period of the study with p-value < 0.05. For better evaluation of improvement of glycemic control, we used a composite endpoint given by the reduction of HbA1c % (of a minimum of 0.5%). The endpoint was reached to 79% (101 patients) of all studied patients 3 months after the end of treatment. 75.7% (53 patients) reached the endpoint in group I, while 82.75 % (48 patients) of group II reached the endpoint 3 months after the end of treatment. Conclusion: This study supports the idea that HCV eradication leads to a reduction in HbA1c in patients with diabetes, which could delay the onset and progression of microvascular diabetes complications.
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P. M., Kshirsagar, Chandaliya K. C., and Baig M. S. "Interaction of rabeprazole with phenytoin sodium: a prospective study." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 12, no. 8 (2024): 2872–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20242214.
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Background: Phenytoin Sodium, a commonly prescribed anti-epileptic, with narrow therapeutic index, may interact with Rabeprazole, a commonly used Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI), as both are metabolized by CYP2C19, potentially impacting bioavailability, therapeutic outcomes, and patient safety. Methods: A total of 52 epileptic patients, previously stabilized on phenytoin, have now been prescribed Tab Rabeprazole for a minimum of 30 days and were included in the study after meeting the other inclusion criteria. On day-0, a blood sample was collected from these patients, and plasma phenytoin level was determined using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Additionally, clinical evaluations and assessments of other routine laboratory parameters were conducted. The Follow-up evaluations was done on day-15 and day-30, replicating the procedures employed on day-0, including both clinical, laboratory assessments and plasma phenytoin level measurement using HPLC. All data was recorded in the case report form, and statistical analysis was done. Results: The mean Phenytoin level exhibited a non-significant increase, rising from 15.49 μg/ml on day-0 to 15.57 μg/ml on day-15 and further to 15.75 μg/ml on day -0. Notably, there was no change in epilepsy outcomes concerning both seizure frequency and adverse effects. Additionally, there were no statistically significant changes observed in epilepsy control, SBP, DBP, and routine laboratory parameters, including haemoglobin, TLC, DLC, platelet count, serum albumin, serum globulin, serum bilirubin, SGOT, SGPT, serum urea, serum creatinine, and BSL (random). Conclusions: The co-administration of rabeprazole with Phenytoin resulted in a non-significant increase in Phenytoin levels, while maintaining stable control of epilepsy.
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Firdaus, Lina Zahrotul, Lisus Setyowati, and Iit Ermawati. "The Effect of Alarm Use on the Awareness of Taking Iron Supplements (Haemoglobin Levels) as a Prevention of Haemorrhagic Postpartum." ARTERI : Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan 4, no. 4 (2023): 252–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.37148/arteri.v4i4.277.
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Anemia is one of the indirect causes of Postpartum Hemorrhage (HPP) during childbirth. The development of iron supplement alarm reminders can be used as an alternative intervention to increase awareness and consumption of iron supplements as a preventive measure against HPP. This study aims to analyze the Effect of Alarm Usage on Awareness in Consuming Iron Supplements (Hemoglobin Levels) as a Prevention of HPP in the Working Area of the Tempurejo Community Health Center, Jember Regency. The research employs a one-group pre-post-test design (pre-experiment) with a cross-sectional approach involving 30 respondents through Accidental Sampling. Data collection includes coding, editing, tabulation, and subsequent manual and computer-based analysis using Paired T-Test. Among the 30 respondents, the awareness of taking iron supplements before using the alarm showed non-compliance in 22 respondents (73.3%) and compliance in only 8 respondents (26.7%), with all 30 (100%) pregnant women experiencing anemia, either moderate (73.3%) or mild (26.7%). After the alarm was used, the number of respondents aware and compliant in taking iron supplements increased to 27 respondents (90%), with only 3 respondents (10%) remaining non-compliant. This was also indicated by an increase in normal Hb levels in 18 respondents (60%). The P-value was 0.000 and a = 0.05, meaning r < a, indicating the influence of alarm usage on awareness in consuming iron supplements (hemoglobin levels) as a preventive measure against HPP. This is crucial for pregnant women to regularly consume iron supplements for safe and healthy childbirth. Midwives should consistently remind pregnant women to consume a minimum of 90 supplements during pregnancy and adapt to technological advancements by using gadgets familiar to the community
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Shephard, Roy J., and Jean Bonneau. "Assuring Gender Equity in Recruitment Standards for Police Officers." Canadian Journal of Applied Physiology 27, no. 3 (2002): 263–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/h02-016.
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Human Rights Tribunals require application of non-discriminatory fitness standards in the hiring, promotion, and retention of employees. This issue has become controversial for public safety officers such as police, where differences in average levels of absolute fitness between men and women cause a high proportion of female applicants to fail many entrance tests. The present review summarizes the impact on physical working capacity of commonly encountered gender differences in size, body composition, haemoglobin levels, and muscular strength. The principles applied in designing content- and construct-validity occupational fitness tests are described, and Human Rights policies are reviewed in the light of the Meiorin judgment. Criteria are indicated for establishing a bona-fide occupational fitness requirement, and description is given of the approach used in developing standards that satisfy these criteria. Requirements are based on the task to be accomplished. The potential training response of female applicants is likely at least to match that of their male peers, and the needs of female police recruits are thus best accommodated by providing every opportunity to augment fitness to the required minimum level. The main weakness of any current requirement is that most police forces do not yet apply an equivalent criterion to older incumbent officers, where similar issues may arise. Key words: human rights, occupational fitness, police officers, test validity
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Shephard, Mark, Anne Shephard, Les Watkinson, Beryl Mazzachi, and Paul Worley. "Design, implementation and results of the quality control program for the Australian government's point of care testing in general practice trial." Annals of Clinical Biochemistry: International Journal of Laboratory Medicine 46, no. 5 (2009): 413–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/acb.2009.009045.
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Background From 2005 to 2007 the Australian Government funded a multicentre, clustered randomized controlled trial to determine the clinical effectiveness, cost-effectiveness, satisfaction and safety of point of care testing (PoCT) in general practice (GP). PoC tests measured (and devices used) in the trial were haemoglobin A1c and urine albumin:creatinine ratio (DCA 2000), lipids (Cholestech LDX) and international normalized ratio (CoaguChek S). Methods An internal quality control (QC) program was developed as part of a quality management framework for the trial. PoCT device operators were provided with a colour-coded QC Result Sheet and QC Action Sheet for on-site recording and interpreting of their results. Within-practice imprecision for QC testing was calculated and compared with the analytical goals for imprecision set prior to the trial. Results The average participation rate for QC testing was 91% or greater. Median within-practice imprecision met the analytical goals for all PoC tests, except for high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) where observed performance was outside the minimum goal for one level and one lot number of QC. Most practices achieved the imprecision goals for all analytes, with the principal exception of HDL-C. Conclusions Results from QC testing indicate that PoCT in the GP trial met the analytical goals set for the trial, with the exception of HDL-C.
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Srinath, Kathirvel, Ravneet Kaur, Archana Singh, et al. "Anaemia and selected micronutrient deficiencies among young women in rural North India – A community-based study." Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care 13, no. 10 (2024): 4424–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_327_24.
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ABSTRACT Introduction: Anaemia is a major problem which affects half of young Indian women, impacting their health, education, and offspring. Despite ongoing efforts, a comprehensive understanding of anaemia remains limited. This study aims to assess the prevalence of anaemia among young women in rural Haryana and explore its causes comprehensively, which would help in tailoring targeted interventions for anaemia at a primary health care level. Methods: Young, non-pregnant women aged 15–24 years (n = 422) were assessed for socio-demographic details, menstrual/diet history, and anthropometry. Dietary diversity was assessed using Minimum Dietary Diversity for Women scale. Venous haemoglobin (Hb) was estimated using an auto-analyser. Serum ferritin, folate, and vitamin B12 were assessed for 260 participants. Anaemia was classified based on micronutrient deficiency. The morphology of anaemia was classified based on Red Blood Cell (RBC) indices. Multivariable analysis examined associations of anaemia with socio-demographic and clinical variables. Results: The prevalence of anaemia was 60.7%. Among those participants tested for micronutrient deficiency (n = 260), 170 (65.4%), 48 (18.5%), and 124 (47.7%) participants had deficiency of ferritin, folate, and vitamin B12, respectively. Iron deficiency anaemia (39.1%) and dimorphic anaemia (38.5%) were the two most common types of anaemia. The mixed morphology of RBCs was the most common morphology (41.8%). Almost all participants (98.2%) had inadequate dietary diversity. Being overweight was associated with lesser odds of having anaemia [OR = 0.41; 95% CI: 0.24 – 0.71 (P = 0.01)]. Conclusion: The high magnitude of anaemia is high, and there is a need for nutrition-based interventions for anaemia at a primary health care level among young women in rural India.
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Vijay, Vasantlal Paria, and Nautamlal Malaviya Pradip. "The Effect of Probiotics on Surgical Site Infections in Colorectal Surgery." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 15, no. 11 (2023): 368–71. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11215114.
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<strong>Background and Aim:</strong> It is widely recognised that elective colorectal procedures carry a significant risk of surgical site infections (SSI). Alternately, perioperative stabilisation of microflora could be considered. The purpose of this observational follow-up study was to determine the incidence of surgical site infections in elective colorectal cases and the factors that influence such infections, in addition to assessing the burden of elective colorectal surgery at our centre. <strong>Material and Methods:</strong> The participants in the study were department-admitted individuals whose open colonic surgery was scheduled. The investigation employed various radiological examinations, including X-ray, CT scan; contrast X-ray, MRI, pus culture swabs, and probiotic bacelac PB capsules. In total, two hundred patients participated in the investigation. In accordance with standard preoperative protocol, probiotics were administered, and the occurrence of SSI was monitored for thirty days. The information gathered in this manner underwent descriptive analysis. <strong>Results:</strong> The average haemoglobin level of the subjects was 12.08 ± 4.2 ± gm/dl. Leukocyte count was 10.95 ± 5.9/l on average. The mean albumin concentration was 4.10 ± 2.97 g/l. Probiotics were administered for a minimum of three to six days prior to surgery and for a minimum of seven days following. Probiotic use persisted for an average of 13.90 ± 4.10 days. Carcinoma rectum emerged as the prevailing malignancy, affecting 50% of all malignancies and 40% of the individuals enrolled in the study. A cumulative of 68 patients underwent an ascending, transverse, descending loop or end colostomy as a palliative measure or to address partial obstruction of the large intestine caused by a distal colonic or anorectal tumour. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Perioperative probiotic administration may reduce the incidence of infection-related complications; however, this cannot be demonstrated statistically due to a paucity of data. Additionally, early gastrointestinal function decreases the average length of hospitalisation, which improves surgical outcomes and quality of life.
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Wijaya, Reisa Melisa, Diana Aulia, and Saptawati Bardosono. "Profiles of Nutrition and Non – Nutrition Factors Related to Anemia Status Among Lactating Mothers in Jakarta." World Nutrition Journal 3, no. 1 (2019): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.25220/wnj.v03.i1.0010.
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Background and Objective: Anemia is a major health problem affecting every phase of life. However less attention given to lactating mothers where anemia can give bad impacts to the mothers themselves and their babies. Less knowledge also known about nutrition and non-nutrition factors related to anemia. Therefore, this study aims to profile nutrition and non-nutrition factors related to anemia status among lactating mothers.Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Grogol Petamburan and Cilincing Public Health Centre in Jakarta in February–April 2019. Seventy fours lactating mothers aged 20–35 years old who delivered within the last 3–6 months recruited using consecutive sampling method. Nutrition factors examined were energy, protein, iron, folate, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, vitamin C intakes, and body mass index (BMI). Non-nutrition factors examined were level of education and family income. Basic characteristic data was collected by interview and dietary intake was assessed using a semiquantitative-food frequency questionnaire and 24-hours food recall for two non-consecutive days. BMI and laboratory assessments (haemoglobin, ferritin serum, and c-reactive protein) were done.Results: Anemia prevalence was 8% and 11% was iron deficient. Prevalence of iron deficiency anemia was 3% (37.5% from prevalence of anemia). Based on Indonesia Recommended Dietary Allowance, around 58% subjects had low iron intake, 39% with low vitamin B6 intake, 27% with low vitamin B12 intake, 40% with low vitamin C intake, and no subject with low folate intake. Around 53% of subjects had BMI < 22.9 kg/m2. Almost 70% of the subjects had middle level of education and 50% had family income lower than regional minimum wage.Conclusion: Prevalence of anemia among lactating mothers in Jakarta was 8%. Non-nutrition factors had higher proportion compared to nutrition factors related to anemia status. Further studies are needed to determine the possible causes of anemia in lactating mothers.
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Winkes, Andre. "293 Biomonitoring of ethylene oxide a challenge." Annals of Work Exposures and Health 68, Supplement_1 (2024): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/annweh/wxae035.113.
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Abstract Ethylene oxide (Eto) is widely used as a sterilizing agent in industrial settings. It is a gas with a low vapour pressure and has the properties to penetrate deep in holes and cracks. It also kills almost all biological active material. It is therefore a perfect agent for sterilising heat and or gamma radiation sensitive medical equipment and other products. The method of sterilisation is described in a European Standard EN 550. The most common used method is sterilising by overkill. This is because Eto is cheap and with this method no costly bioburden tests are needed afterwards. The use of the overkill method has a negative aspect on the exposure of workers to Eto. Eto is a proven human carcinogen (category 1, IARC). Because Eto is a genotoxic carcinogen there is no safe exposure level. The Dutch exposure standard for Eto is currently 0,84 mg/m3. Resulting in an attributive cancer risk of 1 in 1000. Therefore the exposure to Eto should be reduced to the absolute minimum. Workers that enter the gas chambers after sterilisation and after a lag time use full face independent breathing protection. Therefore air monitoring is not suitable to measure there resulting exposure. To assess the remaining exposure, biological monitoring of a haemoglobin adduct (N-(2-hydroxy-ethyl)valine (HOEtVal) in red blood cells is used. It is a usable method with specific limitations. The method with its pitfalls and the results will be discussed as well as the positive effects on the remaining exposure.
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Okdahl, Tina, Anne-Marie Wegeberg, Flemming Pociot, Birgitte Brock, Joachim Størling, and Christina Brock. "Low-grade inflammation in type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study from a Danish diabetes outpatient clinic." BMJ Open 12, no. 12 (2022): e062188. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-062188.
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ObjectivesTo investigate low-grade inflammation in type 2 diabetes and explore associations to clinical aspects as well as microvascular and macrovascular complications.DesignCross-sectional analysis.SettingThe outpatient diabetes clinic at the Department of Endocrinology at Aalborg University Hospital, Denmark.Participants100 participants with type 2 diabetes confirmed by a haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)≥6.5% for a minimum of 1 year and 21 healthy controls.Outcome measuresSerum levels of 27 inflammation-related biomarkers measured by immunoassay. Associations with microvascular and macrovascular complications, body weight, glycaemic control, medication and sex were investigated in the diabetes cohort.ResultsSerum levels of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α and eotaxin were elevated in type 2 diabetes (p<0.05), while interleukin (IL)-7 was decreased (p<0.001). IL-12/IL-23p40, IL-15, macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC) and C reactive protein (CRP) levels were increased with body weight (p<0.05), while eotaxin and TNF-α were increased with elevated HbA1c levels (p<0.04). Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor therapy was associated with lower levels of induced protein-10, MDC and thymus and activation regulated chemokine (p<0.02), while females had higher levels of MDC (p=0.027). Individuals with ≥3 diabetic complications had elevated levels of IL-6, IL-10, IL-12/IL-23p40, IL-15 and CRP compared with those with ≤3 (p<0.05).ConclusionThe level of low-grade inflammation in type 2 diabetes is associated with obesity, glycaemic regulation, therapeutical management, sex and complications. Our results underline the importance of addressing inflammatory issues in type 2 diabetes, as these may predispose for crippling comorbidities.
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Ashwani, Kumar Mishra, Ranjan Kumar Rakesh, Prasad Mandal Jiteshwar, and Shankar Sahni Gopal. "An Observational Assessment of the Serum Sodium Levels in Children Presented with Lower Respiratory Tract Infections (LRTI)." International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Review and Research 15, no. 02 (2023): 88–94. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12645237.
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AbstractAim: The aim of this study was to find out the association among hyponatremia and LRTI intertiary care center.Methods: This was an observational, prospective and hospital-based study conducted indepartment of Pediatrics, Sri Krishna Medical College and Hospital, Muzaffarpur, Bihar,India for the period of 12 months. The sample size was calculated to be a minimum of 70subjects. All patients admitted in to the PICU and pediatric ward were included in the presentstudy. Written and informed consent was secured from the parents participating in the study.Results: The sample population consisted of children ≥ 2months -12 months (40, 57.14percent), 1-5 years (20, 28.58%) and > 5-12 years (10, 14.28 percent). There were 42 (60%)male children and 28 (40%) female children in the present study population. Hyponatremiawas found to be more among 1 year-5 years age group compared to ≥ 2months-12 monthsand > 5-12 years age groups. In the current study no significant difference in the allotment ofhyponatremia in infancy period, 1-5 years and > 5-12 years was observed. In the presentstudy mean haemoglobin value found to be lesser among subjects with hyponatremiahowever the variance was statistically insignificant (p=0.280). Mean TLC count found to besignificantly more among subjects with hyponatremia compared to subjects withouthyponatremia (p=0.036). Mean Neutrophils count were more among subjects withhyponatremia and mean Lymphocyte count was lesser among subjects with hyponatremiathough the difference was statistically insignificant.Conclusion: Hyponatremia is a significantly common association among hospitalizedchildren with lower respiratory tract infections and it is mainly due to syndrome ofinappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH).
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Saydee, Geetah S., Freda Dzifa Intiful, Yauniuck Y. Dogbe, Kingsley Pereko, and Matilda Asante. "Anaemia and Dietary Diversity among Pregnant Women in Margibi and Grand Cape Mount Counties, Liberia." Health Sciences Investigations (HSI) Journal Volume 2 Issue 2, Volume 4 Issue 2 (November 17, 2023): 560–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.46829/hsijournal.2023.12.4.2.560-567.
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Background: Globally, anaemia remains a severe public health concern among women of reproductive ages, including pregnant women in developing countries such as Liberia. Poor dietary diversity is a major contributor to micronutrient deficiencies. However, there is limited documentation of anaemia prevalence and dietary diversity among pregnant women in Liberia. Objective: The present study assessed the prevalence of anaemia and dietary diversity among pregnant women in the Margibi and Grand Cape Mount Counties in Liberia. Methods: The study design was cross-sectional. Systematic sampling was used to recruit 139 pregnant women between 15-49 years from antenatal clinics in Margibi and Grand Cape Mount counties. Dietary intake obtained from a 24-hour recall was used to assess dietary diversity following the FAO dietary diversity determination protocol for women in their reproductive ages. Anaemia was determined from blood obtained from finger pricks using a Hemocue. Results: Nearly all the pregnant women (98.1%) consumed grains. Conversely, only a few women (23.7%) consumed vitamin A-rich fruits and vegetables. Anaemia was discovered in 54% of the pregnant women. The mean haemoglobin level was 10.44 ± 1.46 g/dl. The mean Minimum Dietary Diversity among women of reproductive age (MDD-W) was 3.57±1.01. There was no significant association between anaemia and dietary diversity among 12 pregnant women. Poor dietary diversity was observed in 83.5% of the pregnant women,85.1% in Margibi and 80.8% in Grand Cape Mount, respectively. Conclusion: This study confirms evidence of anaemia and poor dietary diversity among pregnant women. It highlights evidence for the need to encourage and improve diversity in dietary intake. This can be achieved through awareness, education and knowledge of dietary diversity during pregnancy
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Abhilok, Kumar Jha, Kumar Singh Praveen, and Chandra Jha Umesh. "Comparative Observational Analysis of Vitamin D Levels in NonCholestatic Chronic Liver Disease and Healthy Controls." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 16, no. 6 (2024): 1067–71. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12739763.
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<strong>Background:</strong> The definition of chronic liver disease (CLD) is the persistent, long-term destruction and regeneration of the liver; as the disease progresses, cirrhosis and hepatic fibrosis (scarring) often develop. It seems sense that vitamin D deficiency would be prevalent in people with chronic liver disease (CLD) since the liver is involved in the synthesis of bile salts, vitamin D absorption, and 25-hydroxylation of vitamin D. <strong>Methods:</strong> The present hospital based observational comparative analysis was conducted in the Department of Medicine of DMCH, Laheriasarai, Bihar among a total of 60 participants. The minimum sample size required in each group was at 95% confidence interval and 80% power to verify the expected difference of 58.6% in proportion of cases with vitamin D deficiency in non-cholestatic chronic liver disease group with age and sex matched control group (hospital staff and attendants of patients) (76.5% vs. 17.96%) was 30 in each group. <strong>Results:</strong> 30 study participants were cases and 30 study participants were controls. Out of the total study participants 23(38.3%) were female and 37(61.7%) patients were male and the male to female sex ratio was 1.6 : 1. The mean age of 30 cases in our study was 39.1±8.69 years and the mean age of 30 controls was 38.4±8.02 years and no significant difference was observed. Mean serum Vitamin D3 was lower in CLD cases (23.4 ± 6.44 ng / L) as compared to controls (43.8 ± 5.18ng/L). This difference was statistically significant with a p-value <0.001. In univariate analysis in patients with non-cholestatic CLD, significant (P<0.05) positive correlations were found between serum level of vitamin D and serum bilirubin, serum albumin, platelet count, & haemoglobin. Also, there were significant (P<0.05) negative correlations between vitamin D concentration and serum bilirubin, INR & MELD score. No significant correlation was seen between vitamin D and age, serum level of PTH, calcium, phosphate, ALT, AST, ALP, urea, or creatinine. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Vitamin D inadequacy is very common in non-cholestatic CLD patients and correlates with the severity of the disease. Therefore, were commend that clinical guidelines for managing non-cholestatic CLD should include the assessment of vitamin D status in all patients. For vitamin D assessment and replacement in the management of patients with non-cholestatic CLD further studies are required.
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Arigbede, T. O., A. A. Taiwo, O. M. Arigbede, B. O. Oduguwa, and M. A. Bamikole. "Magnesium requirement of young West African dwarf goats for maintenance." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 35, no. 1 (2021): 103–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v35i1.1159.
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Eighteen growing West African dwarf WAD goats of equal number of sexes, aged 6-7 months with average weight of 6.23 +0.50kg were used in a 9-wk feeding trial to study the influence of dietary supplementation of magnesium sulphate (MgSO, 7H,0) at 0, 1 and 2% in isonitrogenous (11.50%CP) and isocaloric (2.83 ME Mcal/kg) diets with a view to estimating Mg requirement for maintenance. The three levels of supplementation were used to obtain three diets 1, 2 and 3 containing 0.02, 0.13 and 0.22% Mg respectively. The goats were divided into three groups of six animals, and each group was randomly allotted to one of the three diets. Results showed that Mg supplementation had significant (P<0.05) effects on Mg intake, absorption, balance, serum Mg, red blood cell (RBC) and white blood cell (WBC) counts: and highly significant (P<0.01) effects on dry matter intake (DMI), growth rate, serum glucose (GLU), total protein (TP) and haemoglobin (Hb) concentration. Treatment effect on packed cell volume (PCV) was not significant (P >0.05). The general trend depicted an increasing dietary Mg supplementation with decreased DMI, body weight change, serunt GLC, TP, PCV, Hb concentration, RBC and WBC counts at 2% Mg level of supplementation. Dietary supplementation of Mg at 1% (D2) however supported best animal performance as evidenced by the outstanding responses of the goats in terms of DMI (0.446 g/day/kgLW), body weight change (30.01g/day), feed conversion 
 114.48), Mg digestibility (80.51%), Mg balance (0.091 g/day/kgLW), PCV (36%) and TP (70.70g/1). 72 x model relating Yg intake to balance gave Mg minimum requirement of young WAD goats for 
 : - kgLIT with significant (P < 0.05) correlation coefficient (r = 0.98). Dietary O V ER H. however must not exceed 1% of the total diet to avert a decline in animal
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Sharma, Luxita, and Dhananjay Sharma. "Role of antioxidants as immunity booster in obesity and diabetes: a systematic review on neuro-gliopathies perspective." Exploration of Neuroscience 3, no. 2 (2024): 103–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.37349/en.2024.00039.
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Background: The main objective of the study was to carry out a systematic literature review to investigate the beneficial role of antioxidants in obesity and diabetes and the association of antioxidants in neuro-gliopathies and gut microbiome on antioxidant production and enteric nervous system (ENS) protection. Methods: A literature search was done electronically on 8 June 2022 in the databases Google Scholar, and PubMed, reviewing all the articles published in English. There were no limitations for the study (region, or any time frame). The study included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies on a human subject, primarily focusing on information such as a change in body weight, body mass index (BMI), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), fasting blood glucose level, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), and other parameters that connected with diabetes and obesity. The search was also conducted for neuro-gliopathies and gut microbiome. Results: The beginning database search picked out a total of 2,428 articles, 1,310 in PubMed, 876 in Google Scholar, and 242 records from other sources. A total of 2,040 (total duplicates 388) was found after removing the duplicated articles, and after reading the title and abstracts were further decreased to 139 full-text articles. These 139 studies went for full-text analysis, which resulted in the exclusion of 123 studies and generated a final 16 articles included for systemic analysis. Discussion: This literature search of present studies shows the interconnection between antioxidant intake among obese and diabetes neuro-gliopathies. The findings indicate both obese and diabetic patients have a minimum content of antioxidants, especially carotenoids, retinol, ascorbic acid, tocopherol, magnesium, and zinc. While few research illustrated that ingestion of the abovementioned antioxidants was lowered among diabetes and obese subjects in contrast with their normal-weight population, this was not endorsed by every study.
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Rajiv, Kumar, kumar Paswan Dinesh, A.Kalaivanan, and Kumar Rakesh. "A Hospital Based Prospective Assessment of Serum Sodium Levels in Patients of Lower Respiratory Tract Infections (LRTI) in Children." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 14, no. 12 (2022): 548–54. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13881310.
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<strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of this study was to find out the association among hyponatremia and LRTI in tertiary care center in Bihar region. <strong>Methods: </strong>This was an observational, prospective and hospital-based study conducted in JLNMCH, BHAGALPUR, Bihar, India for the period of 18 months. The sample size was calculated to be a minimum of 70 subjects. All patients admitted in to the PICU and pediatric ward were included in the present study. Written and informed consent was secured from the parents participating in the study. <strong>Results: </strong>The sample population consisted of children ≥ 2months -12 months (40, 57.14 percent), 1-5 years (20, 28.58%) and > 5-12 years (10, 14.28 percent). There were 42 (60%) male children and 28 (40%) female children in the present study population. Hyponatremia was found to be more among 1 year-5 years age group compared to ≥ 2months-12 months and > 5-12 years age groups. In the current study no significant difference in the allotment of hyponatremia in infancy period, 1-5 years and > 5-12 years was observed. In the present study mean haemoglobin value found to be lesser among subjects with hyponatremia however the variance was statistically insignificant (p=0.280). Mean TLC count found to be significantly more among subjects with hyponatremia compared to subjects without hyponatremia (p=0.036). Mean Neutrophils count were more among subjects with hyponatremia and mean Lymphocyte count was lesser among subjects with hyponatremia though the difference was statistically insignificant. <strong>Conclusion: </strong>Hyponatremia is a significantly common association among hospitalized children with lower respiratory tract infections and it is mainly due to syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH).
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Stott, David J., Jacobijn Gussekloo, Patricia M. Kearney, et al. "Study protocol; Thyroid hormone Replacement for Untreated older adults with Subclinical hypothyroidism - a randomised placebo controlled Trial (TRUST)." BMC Endocrine Disorders 17, no. 1 (2017): 6. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12902-017-0156-8.
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<strong>Background: </strong>Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is a common condition in elderly people, defined as elevated serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) with normal circulating free thyroxine (fT4). Evidence is lacking about the effect of thyroid hormone treatment. We describe the protocol of a large randomised controlled trial (RCT) of Levothyroxine treatment for SCH.<strong>Methods: </strong>Participants are community-dwelling subjects aged ≥65 years with SCH, diagnosed by elevated TSH levels (≥4.6 and ≤19.9 mU/L) on a minimum of two measures ≥ three months apart, with fT4 levels within laboratory reference range. The study is a randomised double-blind placebo-controlled parallel group trial, starting with levothyroxine 50 micrograms daily (25 micrograms in subjects <50Kg body weight or known coronary heart disease) with titration of dose in the active treatment group according to TSH level, and a mock titration in the placebo group. The primary outcomes are changes in two domains (hypothyroid symptoms and fatigue / vitality) on the thyroid-related quality of life questionnaire (ThyPRO) at one year. The study has 80% power (at <i>p</i> = 0.025, 2-tailed) to detect a change with levothyroxine treatment of 3.0% on the hypothyroid scale and 4.1% on the fatigue / vitality scale with a total target sample size of 750 patients.Secondary outcomes include general health-related quality of life (EuroQol), fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular events, handgrip strength, executive cognitive function (Letter Digit Coding Test), basic and instrumental activities of daily living, haemoglobin, blood pressure, weight, body mass index and waist circumference. Patients are monitored for specific adverse events of interest including incident atrial fibrillation, heart failure and bone fracture.<strong>Discussion: </strong>This large multicentre RCT of levothyroxine treatment of subclinical hypothyroidism is powered to detect clinically relevant change in symptoms / quality of life and is likely to be highly influential in guiding treatment of this common condition.<strong>Trial registration: </strong>Clinicaltrials.gov NCT01660126; registered 8th June 2012.
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Shweta, S. Joshi, M. Warpe Bhushan, and A. Lad Dikshita. "Haematological Profile of Adolescents at a tertiary care centre in Konkan region of Maharashtra state, India." GAIMS Journal of Medical Sciences 2, no. 1 (2022): 15–20. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6414454.
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ABSTRACT Introduction: Lack of studies and information on hematological parameters for adolescent population (10-19 yrs) is obvious on extensive research. In adolescent stage, nutritional deficiency is more common, more so in girls which are vulnerable to anaemia. Assessment of Hematological parameters in young, growing population is important in determination of normal values worldwide and for identification of anemia. Methodology: The present study was a cross sectional, observational, retrospective study. The study period is of 1 year and 3 months (1st January 2020 to 31st March 2021). This study is based on hematological profile of 250 Adolescents (aged 10-19 years). For each of the adolescents, a blood sample by venipuncture was derived in an EDTA vacutainer. The blood sample was used to determine both the complete blood count and peripheral smear findings in each case. The automated hematology analyzer "Horiba Yumizen 500" was used to measure the variables of full blood count. All the data was tabulated in Microsoft excel sheet and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: In our study, out of 250 cases studied, Males were 95 (38%) and females were 155 ( 62%). According to Age distribution, maximum cases were in 17-19 years of age group (57.6%) and minimum cases were in 10-13 age group (19.2 %). The haemoglobin level among these adolescents ranged from 12-18 gm/dl (52.4%) . 28.8% cases were present in 10-12 gm/dl range . The hemoglobin level <10 gm/dl were present in 18.8% cases. RBC count ranged from 4.20-6.00 millions/cu mm in the maximum cases of adolescents with 69.2%. In the present study, the hematocrit range in adolescents (10-19 yrs) age group, the maximum cases (66.8% cases) show <39% haematocrit. Cases with MCV between 76-100 fl, 69.6% cases were seen. The level of MCV count <76 fl , cases of adolescents were 27.6%. In the present study, MCH count <32 pg was seen in 90.4% adolescents. MCH level >35 pg was seen in 0.8% cases. MCHC count >34 g/dl was seen in 53.6% cases, whereas <26 gm/dl seen in 0.8% cases. The total leucocytes count less than 4,000 cell/mm3 was present in 7.2% cases, whereas a total leucocytes count more than 11,000 cell/mm3 was present 26% cases. Maximum cases had platelet count range from 150000 to 4,50,000 /cu mm. 2.4% cases show thrombocytopenia. Thrombocytosis was noted in 4.45% cases. Conclusion: Nutritional deficiency anaemia was more prevalent in adolescent girls in this region. Anaemia was seen more in girl adolescents compared to boys. Hematological parameters were better in boys compared to girl adolescents in this region. Keywords: CBC, hematology, adolescents, anaemia
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Grieve, Richard, Sarah Willis, Kaat De Corte, et al. "Options for possible changes to the blood donation service: health economics modelling." Health Services and Delivery Research 6, no. 40 (2018): 1–162. http://dx.doi.org/10.3310/hsdr06400.
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BackgroundEvidence is required on the cost-effectiveness of alternative changes to the blood collection service.Objectives(1) To estimate the cost-effectiveness of alternative minimum interdonation intervals between whole-blood donations. (2) To investigate donors’ frequency of whole-blood donation according to alternative changes to the blood collection service. (3) To estimate the cost-effectiveness of alternative strategies for maintaining the supply of whole blood.MethodsWe undertook a within-trial cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) of the INTERVAL trial, stated preference (SP) surveys to elicit donor preferences and a CEA of different strategies for blood collection. The strategies considered were reduced minimum intervals between whole-blood donations, introduction of a donor health report and changes to appointment availability and opening times at blood collection venues. The within-trial CEA included 44,863 donors, with men randomly assigned to 12- versus 10- versus 8-week interdonation intervals, and women to 16- versus 14- versus 12-week interdonation intervals. We undertook a SP survey of non-INTERVAL donors (100,000 invitees). We asked donors to state the frequency with which they would be willing to donate blood, according to the service attribute and level. The CEA compared changes to the blood service with current practice by combining the survey estimates with information from the NHS Blood and Transpant database (PULSE) and cost data. The target population was existing whole-blood donors in England, of whom approximately 85% currently donate whole blood at mobile (temporary) blood collection venues, with the remainder donating at static (permanent) blood collection centres. We reported the effects of the alternative strategies on the number of whole-blood donations, costs and cost-effectiveness.ResultsThe reduced donation interval strategies had higher deferral rates caused by low haemoglobin (Hb), but increased frequency of successful donation. For men in the 8- versus 12-week arm of the INTERVAL trial [Di Angelantonio E, Thompson SG, Kaptoge S, Moore C, Walker M, Armitage J,et al.Efficiency and safety of varying the frequency of whole blood donation (INTERVAL): a randomised trial of 45 000 donors.Lancet2017;390:2360–71], the Hb-related deferral rate was 5.7% per session versus 2.6% per session, but the average number of donations over 2 years increased by 1.71 (95% confidence interval 1.60 to 1.80). A total of 25,187 (25%) donors responded to the SP survey. For static donor centres, extending appointment availability to weekday evenings or weekends, or reduced intervals between blood donations, increased stated donation frequency by, on average, 0.5 donations per year. The CEA found that reducing the minimum interval, extending opening times to weekday evenings and extending opening times to weekends in all static donor centres would provide additional whole blood at a cost per additional unit of £10, £23 and £29, respectively, with similar results for donors with high-demand blood types.LimitationsThe study did not consider the long-term rates at which donors will leave the donation register, for example following higher rates of Hb-related deferral.ConclusionsExtending opening hours for blood donation to weekday evenings or weekends for all static donor centres are cost-effective ways of increasing the supply of high-demand blood types.Future workTo monitor the effects of new strategies on long-term donation frequency.FundingThe National Institute for Health Research Health Services and Delivery Research programme.
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Desai, Suneel, and Mav Manji. "Minimum haemoglobin in intensive care." Trauma 6, no. 3 (2004): 187–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/1460408604ta312oa.
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Angelucci, Emanuele, Valeria Santini, Anna Angela Di Tucci, et al. "Deferasirox Chelation Therapy in Transfusion Dependent MDS Patients. Final Report From the Gimema MDS0306 Prospective Trial." Blood 120, no. 21 (2012): 425. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v120.21.425.425.
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Abstract Abstract 425 Introduction. FDA and EMA have approved Deferasirox for iron chelation therapy for transfusion dependent MDS patients after a limited experience in selected MDS patients. Therefore we felt the need of a large, prospective, trial to verify Deferasirox safety, compliance, efficacy and effect on erythroid function in a large, “real world,” MDS population. Patients and Methods. One hundred fifty-two consecutive MDS IPSS lower risks (62 low and 90 intermediate1) transfusion dependent (minimum transfusion history 20 units received) patients were enrolled in 37 Italian centres. Patients received Deferasirox at the starting dose of 20 mg/kg. Characteristics of patients have been summarized by means of cross-tabulations for categorical variables and by means of median and range for continuous data. Adverse events (AEs) were defined according to CTCAE.3 (2003) definition. Disease progression was defined as advance to higher IPPS score group, development of acute leukemia or death. Efficacy of the treatment was measured by monitoring monthly serum ferritin levels. Transfusion independence was defined as three consecutive months without PRBC requirement with a minimum stable Hb level of 9 g/dl. The probability of drop out and transfusion independence were estimated using the appropriate non-parametric method, considering death and progression disease as a competing risk. Differences in univariate analysis were evaluated by Gray test. Fine and Gray model was used to evaluated prognostic factors in multivariate analysis. FriedmanÕs test was performed to evaluate differences in serum ferritin levels, hemoglobin level and transfusions input over time. Results. Ninety-six males and 56 females were enrolled. Median age was 72 years (66–77). Median interval diagnosis-enrolment was 32 months (17–54). Patients have been receiving regular blood transfusions for a median of 21 months (10–36) with a median number of units received of 37 (22–63). At baseline median CIRS co-morbidity score was 0 (0–1), CIRS severity score 0 (0–1), and Charlson co-morbidity score 0(0–1). Eighty-four patients (55%) prematurely interrupted the study while 68 (45%) completed the planned year of treatment. Risk of drop out was 18.8% and 28% at 6 and 12 months, respectively. Risk of disease progression or death was 12.7% and 25% at 6 and 12 months, respectively. In multivariate analyses significant risk factors for treatment interruption were shorter diagnosis-enrolment interval (P=0.0008), lower Deferasirox dose (p=0.008) and higher serum ferritin level (P=0.004). During the study 304 AEs were reported in 107 distinct patients. Of these events 93 (66 patients = 43%) were defined as possible-probably-certain drug related. Of these 93 related events fourteen in 11 distinct patients (7%) were superior to grade 2. Features of AEs were similar to those already reported. Serum ferritin significantly decreased during the study from a median starting value of 1966 ng/ml (1416–2998) to a median final value of 1475 ng/ml (915–2010), (P<0.0001). With equivalent pre-transfusional haemoglobin level (p=0.27) transfusion requirement decreased during the study. Median number of transfusions received per month was 3 (2–5) at starting the study and 1 (0–4) after one year (P= 0.0001) (figure 1). Twenty-two patients acquired transfusion independence with a probability of acquiring transfusion independency of 5.5% (95%CI 5.4–5.6), 15.7% (95%CI 15.4–15.9) and 19.7% (95% CI 19.4–20) after 6, 9 and 12 months of treatment, respectively. Conclusion. Less than 50% of the enrolled population was able to complete the planned year of treatment because of drop out (risk 28%) and progression (risk 25%) despite a limited number of >2 grade AEs. Noteworthy >69% of the AEs was not drug related indicating a basic vulnerability of this population. Deferasirox was effective in reducing serum ferritin levels. Clinical benefit was also related to erythroid improvement that was clinically significant reducing transfusion need in a relevant percentage of patients. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00469560 Disclosures: Angelucci: Novartis : Chair of Steering Committee of the Telesto trial Other. Vallisa:CELGENE CORPORATION: Research Funding.
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Pervin, Hasna Hena, Rezaul Karim Kazal, Kazi Farhana Begum, et al. "Role of single dose prophylactic antibiotic in elective caesarean section." Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Journal 6, no. 1 (2016): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bsmmuj.v6i1.29013.
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<p><strong>Background:</strong> Maternal morbidity related to infection after caesarean section has been reported to be higher than that of vaginal delivery. The prevention of infection in patients undergoing caesarean section is a major challenge, particularly in hospitals, where there is frequent chance of cross infection due to overcrowding. <strong></strong></p><p><strong>Objective:</strong> The present study was undertaken to see the efficacy of single dose cetriaxone as a prophylaxis in elective caesarean section to prevent postoperative infection. <strong></strong></p><p><strong>Methods:</strong> This cross sectional study was conducted on 100 patients who underwent elective caesarean section where single dose of Ceftriaxone was used as prophylaxis in the Department of Obstetrics &amp; Gynaecology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Hospital, between January to June 2010. The outcomes measures were postoperative febrile morbidity, wound infe-ction and other infections (urinary tract infection, chest infection). Data were analysed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 11.5.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> Over one-third (38%) patients age group was between 18 -25 years, 56% in between 25 -35 years and 6% were over 35 years old. Nearly half(46%) was anemic (haemoglobin&lt; 11 g/dl) and 16% was obese (BMI≥28 kg/m<sup>2</sup>). All the patients were operated by obstetricians of same level. Three per cent patients developed wound infection, 5% developed other infections like UTI and chest infection and 7% had febrile illness. Among the several factors suspected to be associated with post operative complications, preoperative anaemia, long duration of operation (&gt;60 minutes) and prolonged hospital stay (&gt;1 week) were found to be significantly assocated with postoperative complications.</p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> The present study suggests that single dose prophylactic antibiotic ceftriaxone given 1 hour before operation in patients with cesarean section deliveries reduces the chance of postoperative infection to a bare minimum.</p>
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Aguado, Héctor J. "Risk factors for one-year mortality in 440 femoral peri-implant fractures: insights from the PIPPAS prospective, multicentre, observational study." Bone & Joint Open 6, no. 1 (2025): 43–52. https://doi.org/10.1302/2633-1462.61.bjo-2024-0113.r1.
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AimsThe Peri-Implant and PeriProsthetic Survival AnalysiS (PIPPAS) study aimed to investigate the risk factors for one-year mortality of femoral peri-implant fractures (FPIFs).MethodsThis prospective, multicentre, observational study involved 440 FPIF patients with a minimum one-year follow-up. Data on demographics, clinical features, fracture characteristics, management, and mortality rates were collected and analyzed using both univariate and multivariate analyses. FPIF patients were elderly (median age 87 years (IQR 81 to 92)), mostly female (82.5%, n = 363), and frail: median clinical frailty scale 6 (IQR 4 to 7), median Pfeiffer 4 (1 to 7), median age-adjusted Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) 6 (IQR 5 to 7), and 58.9% (n = 250) were American Society of Anesthesiologists grade III.ResultsOverall, 90.5% (n = 398) of the patients were treated surgically, 57.0% (n = 227) retained the implant, and 88.7% (n = 353) managed with fixation. Mortality rates were 8.2% (n = 3.6) in-hospital, 11.4% (n = 50) at 30 days, 21.1% (n = 93) at six months, and 21.6% (n = 95) at 12 months. Medical complications, mainly delirium, were common in the acute setting (52.7%, n = 215). The nonunion rate was 4.1% (n = 18). Mortality risk factors in the univariate analysis were age, living at a nursing home, no walking outdoors, frailty variables, fractures in the distal epiphysis, fractures around a proximal nail, discharge to a healthcare facility, and no osteoporotic treatment at discharge. Protective factors against mortality in the univariate analysis were surgical treatment by an experienced surgeon, management without an arthroplasty, allowing full weightbearing, mobilization in the first 48 hours postoperatively, and geriatric involvement. Risk factors for mortality in the multivariate analysis were cognitive impairment (Pfeiffer’s questionnaire) (hazard ratio (HR) 1.14 (95% CI 1.05 to 1.23), p = 0.002), age-adjusted CCI (HR 1.18 (95% CI 1.07 to 1.30), p = 0.001), and antiaggregant or anticoagulant medication at admission (HR 2.00 (95% CI 1.19 to 3.38), p = 0.009). Haemoglobin level at admission was protective against mortality (HR 0.85 (95% CI 0.74 to 0.97), p = 0.018).ConclusionMortality in FPIFs occurs mainly within the first six months of follow-up. Early co-management and clinical optimization, particularly targeting frail older patients, is crucial in reducing mortality following these fractures.Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2024;6(1):43–52.
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Saleem, Arisha, Farea Eqbal, and Unaiza Naeem. "Glucocorticoids for premature labor in low resource countries: Is the debate over?" Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association 71, no. 9 (2021): 2292. https://doi.org/10.47391/jpma.3064.
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Madam, preterm birth (PTB) is one of the leading causes of neonatal (0-27 days) death in the world.1 The use of glucocorticoids has proven to be beneficial in expecting mothers who are at a high risk of PTB. The utilisation of glucocorticoids reduces the occurrence of neonatal respiratory distress, intraventricular haemorrhage, necrotizing enterocolitis, early neonatal infection, and death which are common complications of PTBs.2 A study3 Antenatal Corticosteroid Trial (ACT) reported worrisome findings and insinuated that the usage of glucocorticoids was causing more harm than benefit in low resource settings. It was reported that the mortality rate increased amongst patients who were administered glucocorticoids, when compared to the placebo group (3-5 more deaths per 1000).3 This raised a few concerns and conceivably warranted a new study targeting around 3000 pregnant women from low resource settings which revealed that in the dexamethasone group (an antenatal glucocorticoid), there were 4% fewer deaths than the placebo group and that a single infantile death can be avoided by giving dexamethasone to 25 women. Furthermore, the prevalence of stillbirths, maternal bacterial infection and infantile deaths due to respiratory distress syndrome was appreciably lower in the dexamethasone group than the placebo group.4 Unlike ACT, the recent trial included patients for whom treatment was guaranteed and minimum level of neonatal care was available. The substantially lower PTBs in ACT suggest overtreatment, a possible reason for the harm observed.4 As of the last update in 2017, death due to prematurity is 0.36% in Pakistan.1 This can be attributed to physical and emotional stress, periodontal disease, low haemoglobin levels, previous history of preterm delivery, and poor maternal nutritional status during the period of gestation.5 Dexamethasone can be an important intervention for improving PTB outcomes in Pakistan as the new clinical trial conducted in low income countries including Pakistan concludes that it “ boosts survival of premature babies when given to pregnant women at risk of preterm birth in low-resource settings.”4It is an inexpensive drug which attributes majorly to its usefulness in Pakistan. Cost effective strategies along with careful identification of women who are true candidates for this drug intervention will surely pave way to reduce the alarming number of PTB and consequently, their complications bore by the mother and the neonate. Thus, we can hope to witness promising results if careful planning is devised regarding dexamethasone usage in obstetrical settings. Continuous...
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Górska, Marlena, Joanna Kudzin, Anna Borkowska, et al. "Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Enterally Fed Children with Severe Central Nervous System Impairment." Nutrients 15, no. 3 (2023): 513. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15030513.
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Children with severe central nervous system (CNS) impairment are at risk of developing various degrees of nutritional deficit that require long-term nutritional intervention. Interventions are most often implemented through enteral nutrition (EN) using commercially manufactured feeds administered via gastro/jejunostomy or nasogastric or nasojejunal tubes. The modality of feeding—continuous feeding or bolus feeding—is dependent on the function of the gastrointestinal tract, particularly the efficiency of gastric emptying. In the literature, the relationship between this type of nutrition and the occurrence of hyperglycaemia is often discussed. In addition, children with chronic neurological diseases are vulnerable to disorders of many mechanisms of neurohormonal counter-regulation related to carbohydrate management, and due to limited verbal and logical contact, it is difficult to recognise the symptoms of hypoglycaemia in such patients. We aimed to assess the carbohydrate metabolism in children with severe CNS impairment, with enteral nutrition delivered via nasogastric, nasoenteral, or percutaneous tubes, based on continuous glycaemic monitoring (CGM) and the measurement of glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels. Materials and methods: This prospective, observational study included nineteen patients (median (25–75 pc) age: 12.75 (6.17–15.55) years) with permanent CNS damage (Gross Motor Function Classification System V) receiving long-term tube enteral feeding, recruited from two paediatric university nutritional treatment centres. Patients with acute conditions and diagnosed diabetes were excluded. The nutritional status and nutritional support were analysed in all the inpatients in accordance with a uniform protocol. Using the CGM system (Medtronic iPro2), glycaemic curves were analysed, and in addition, HbA1C levels were determined in fourteen patients. CGM results were analysed using GlyCulator2.0. Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistica version 11 software (StatSoft Inc. Tulsa, OK, US). Results: More than half (11/19; 58%) of the patients were undernourished (BMI < 3 pc for age and gender), with the stature age being significantly lower than calendar age (5 (4.5–9) vs. 12.75 (6.17–15.55) years; p = 0.0010). The actual caloric intake was 50 (37.7–68.8) kcal/kg (median; 25–75 pc). In patients fed using the bolus method, the number of calories consumed per day was statistically significantly higher than in children subjected to a continuous feeding supply (56.00 (41.00–75.00) vs. 33.40 (26.70–50.00) kcal/kg BW (body weight; p = 0.0159). Decreases in blood glucose levels below the alarm level (<70 mg/dl) were recorded in fifteen patients (78.9%), including two patients with episodes of clinically significant hypoglycaemia (<54 mg/dl). The minimum and maximum glycaemic values recorded in any individual CGM records were 67 mg/dl (median) (minimum: 41 mg/dl; maximum: 77 mg/dl) and 146 (minimum: 114 mg/dl; maximum: 180 g/dl), respectively, for the entire recording. The maximum percentage of glycaemic concentrations > 140 mg/dl (TAR 140) recorded overnight in children with BMI ≥ 3 amounted to 1,6% vs. 0% in undernourished patients (TAR 140: 0.0 (0.00–1.6%) vs. 0% (0.00–0.0%; p = 0.0375); the percentage of glycaemic concentrations <70 mg/dl in the entire recording was comparable (0.77% (0.13–2.2%) vs. 1.8% (0.5–14.4%) vs. p = 0.2629). There was a positive correlation between the mean daily glucose recorded using the CGM method and patients’ BMI z-scores (R = 0.48, p = 0.0397). No statistically significant relationship was demonstrated between the occurrence of alarm hypoglycaemia events in the CGM records and undernutrition expressed by BMI z-scores (OR = 1.50 (95%CI: 0.16–13.75), the type of diet (for commercially manufactured OR = 0.36 (95%CI: 0.04–3.52), and the modality of diet delivery (for bolus feeding OR = 2.75 (95%CI: 0.28–26.61). Conclusions: In children with chronic OU damage, enteral feeding is associated with a risk of hypoglycaemia, but further studies involving a larger number of patients are needed, and CGM might be a useful tool to estimate the metabolic adequacy of enteral nutritional support in terms of glucose control.
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Sequeira, C., I. Santos, M. Coelho, et al. "P455 Aminosalicylates in Ulcerative Colitis: old but gold?" Journal of Crohn's and Colitis 16, Supplement_1 (2022): i433. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjab232.582.
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Abstract Background The clinical course of ulcerative colitis (UC) is characterized by periods of exacerbation and remission. 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) remains the treatment of choice in patients with mild-to-moderate UC, due to its beneficial effect in preventing relapse. Treatment options (immunomodulators [IMM] and biological agents) have increased, so it is important recognizing patients at risk of medical therapy failure that can appropriately optimize treatment escalation for better control of the disease. Little is known about the long-term course of the disease among patients in remission with 5-ASA. Aims To assess long-term efficacy of 5-ASA (no IMM, biological therapy or colectomy) and to identify predictive factors of non-response. Methods An observational, retrospective, single-centre, case-control study was performed. All consecutive patients with UC followed in our Hospital from January 2000 until June 2020 initially treated with 5-ASA (±steroids) with a minimum follow-up of 1 year were screened for eligibility. Exclusion criteria were 5-ASA toxicity/intolerance or initial treatment with IMM/biologic agents.Time until step-up was recorded. Demographic, clinical, endoscopic, biochemical, and histological variables at the diagnosis were recorded and a Cox regression was performed to identify predictive factors for step-up strategy. Results 218 patients (mean age 41,4±14,6 years; 54,5% female; mean follow-up10,1±1,9 years) were analysed, 28% needed treatment with biologics or IMM, mainly due to steroid-dependence. Among “5-ASA responders”, 72% and 48% had sustained endoscopic and histological remission, respectively. The probability of step-up at 1 year, 5 years and 10 years was 10, 18 and 25%, respectively. “Step-up patients” had higher rates of hospitalization, disease extent progression, extraintestinal manifestations and colonic stenosis and/or pseudo-polyps (p&lt;0,05). Montreal E3 (HR:2,31;95% CI: 1,12-4,68), steroids at first flare (HR:3,45;95% CI: 1,26-7,29), lower 5-ASA maintenance dose (HR: 1,97;95%;CI:1,12-3,29), lower haemoglobin level (HR:1,45;95% CI: 1,11-3,24) and DUBLIN Score≥4 (HR:1,81;95% CI: 1,269-4,59) were factors associated with the step-up strategy, in multivariate analysis. Conclusion 5-ASA is an effective maintenance therapy; a satisfactory response was achieved in 72% of the patients after a mean time of follow-up of 10 years. Extensive colitis, higher DUBLIN Score, lower doses of 5-ASA, need for steroid and anaemia can predict a worse prognosis at the initial diagnosis and are associated with higher therapeutic requirements. These findings may be used in our clinical practice to identify patients that might benefit from an early step-up approach and minimize the morbidity associated with uncontrolled disease.
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Peters, A. M., P. Allsop, A. W. J. Stuttle, R. N. Arnot, M. Gwilliam, and G. M. Hall. "Granulocyte margination in the human lung and its response to strenuous exercise." Clinical Science 82, no. 2 (1992): 237–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs0820237.
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1. It is widely believed that the lung is an important site of granulocyte margination and releases most of the granulocytes of the peripheral neutrophilia of exercise. 2. We measured granulocyte margination in the lung in terms of the lung total blood granulocyte pool and the lung circulating granulocyte pool in eight patients without inflammatory disease or evidence of lung pathology by comparing the regional γ-camera lung count rate of 111In-labelled granulocytes with that of 111In-labelled erythrocytes. According to the respective 111In activities in peripheral blood samples taken between 5 and 40 min after granulocyte injection, the lung marginating granulocyte pool was 0.78 (sem 0.045) of the lung total blood granulocyte pool or 4.6 (0.92) of the lung circulating granulocyte pool 5 min after injection, decreasing to plateau values of 0.57 (0.053) and 1.53 (0.28) from 20 min after injection. This compared with corresponding whole-body ratios of about 0.6 and 1.5, respectively. 3. After 4 min of maximal exercise in four normal subjects given 111In-labelled granulocytes 60 min before exercise, the 111In-labelled granulocyte count rate over the lung increased to 1.23 (0.05) of the pre-exercise value with a time course that was essentially identical with the time course of the peripheral native neutrophilia. The spleen 111In signal decreased with the same time course, reaching a minimum of 0.63 (0.05) of the pre-exercise level at 5–10 min after the end of exercise. 4. In a further four normal subjects given 99mTc-labelled erythrocytes, exercise resulted in an increase in the lung 99mTc count rate to 1.11 (0.05) of the pre-exercise value. This increase was maximal immediately after the end of exercise. Based on changes in peripheral haemoglobin, total blood volume decreased in the eight normal subjects to 0.89 (0.01) of the pre-exercise value. 5. Using (a) the mean increases seen in lung 111In and 99mTc count rates in the normal subjects, (b) the mean haemoconcentration recorded in the normal subjects and (c) the mean baseline ratio of lung marginating granulocyte pool/lung total blood granulocyte pool measured in the patients, we calculated that the lung marginating granulocyte pool after exercise declined to only 0.94 of the pre-exercise value in the four normal subjects given 111In-labelled granulocytes. 6. We conclude (a) that although granulocytes marginate in the lung, they do not do so to an extent greater than the average for the whole body, and (b) that there is no significant release of granulocytes from the lungs as a result of exercise.
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El-Hazmi, Mohsen A. F., Arjumand S. Warsy, Mohamed H. N. Addar, and Zeinab Babae. "Fetal haemoglobin level?effect of gender, age and haemoglobin disorders." Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry 135, no. 2 (1994): 181–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00926521.
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Ritika, Kansal, Kiran, Gupta Sachi, and Joon Amit. "Relationship between Hemoglobin and Platelet Count." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 15, no. 12 (2023): 239–42. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11186213.
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<strong>Background: </strong>The relationship between haemoglobin level and platelet count was carried among 212 patients with respect to differences between platelet counts within haemoglobin (gm%) level within platelet count. <strong>Methods:</strong> Blood samples were collected into EDTA anticoagulant vials for both platelet count and haemoglobin level of patients. <strong>Results:</strong> Statistical analysis showed significant differences (p<0.0001) between haemoglobin level that fall within platelet count 1.5 to 2.5 lacs/mm3 as (11.79±1.20) and haemoglobin level that fall within platelet count 2.51-4.0 lacs/mm3 as (10.74.1±1.20). statistical analysis also show a significant difference (p<0.0001) between platelet count that fall within the haemoglobin level less than 11 gm% as (2.50±0.50) and platelet count that fall within haemoglobin level of 11-14 gm% as (1.94±0.38). <strong>Conclusions:</strong> The above results indicate that there is a relationship between low and high level of haemoglobin on platelet count and vice versa.
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Kumari, Tanuja, Bharti Archana, and H.P.Dubey. "Study of Relationship between Foetus, Neonatal & Maternal Hemoglobin Level." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 16, no. 5 (2024): 1841–45. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12765427.
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<strong>Background:</strong> Maternal haemoglobin levels affect pregnancy outcomes and the mother’s and neonate’s health. This cohort study examined the relationship between the mother’s blood haemoglobin levels over the three trimesters and the neonates at birth. <strong>Methods:</strong> About 200 pregnant Territory Care Centre patients participated in the study. Researchers measured the mother’s haemoglobin in the third trimester. After giving birth, they checked foetal and neonatal cord blood levels. To summarise haemoglobin levels, descriptive statistics such mean ± SD, range, median (IQR), and percentages were used. An ANOVA comparing trimesters and a correlation analysis were performed to determine associations between maternal, foetal, and neonatal haemoglobin levels. <strong>Results:</strong> Maternal haemoglobin levels dropped from 11.5 ± 1.2 g/dL in the first trimester to 11.2 ± 1.0 g/dL in the second trimester. It went up a little to 11.8 ± 1.3 g/dL in the third trimester. When the neonatal were born, their haemoglobin levels were always higher than their mothers’ levels. They were measuring 14.0 ± 1.5 g/dL. A lot of neonatal haemoglobin (13.8 ± 1.4 g/dL) was also seen. During the second and third trimesters, the number of participants whose haemoglobin levels were less than 11 g/dL went down. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> This study shows how changes in a mother’s blood levels during pregnancy affect the health of the neonatal and the mother. A healthy mother is very important during pregnancy because higher amounts of haemoglobin in the neonatal and mother indicate that the placenta is moving oxygen around well. Finding and treating maternal anaemia early may improve the result of the pregnancy, which shows how important it is to give full care to mothers.