To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Minimum Support Price (MSP).
Journal articles on the topic 'Minimum Support Price (MSP)'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Minimum Support Price (MSP).'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
M. Prema, M. Prema, and S. Manonmani S. Manonmani. "Minimum Support Price - Farmer Awareness In Cuddalore District." Journal of Neonatal Surgery 14, no. 17S (2025): 182–85. https://doi.org/10.63682/jns.v14i17s.4499.
Full textAbstract:
Indian Government provides MSP for few crops like paddy, wheat, cotton, and pulse is extremely high while the remaining crops are less price. The MSP announced by the government are moved with a purpose of providing price security to farmers. The prime objective of this present study is to explore the farmer’s awareness of MSP for various crops produced by them in the study area. The present study used random sampling technique to select 133 sample farmers in Cuddalore District. The results show that, Paddy is the only crop with high MSP awareness, showing the effectiveness of Procurement Agencies in spreading information. MSP awareness is significantly lower for Black Gram, Groundnut, and Gingelly, highlighting the need for targeted awareness campaigns.
2
Joshi, Jyotish, and Tilak Raj Chaulagai. "IMPLICATION OF MINIMUM SUPPORT PRICE AS A SUBSTANTIVE ' SUPPORT’ TO PADDY FARMERS IN KANCHANPUR DISTRICT, NEPAL." Food & Agribusiness Management 5, no. 2 (2024): 73–78. https://doi.org/10.26480/fabm.02.2024.73.78.
Full textAbstract:
The Government of Nepal has implemented the Minimum Support Price (MSP) policy to ensure farmers a fair price for their produce, however, its efficacy in the case of paddy is questionable. Therefore, this study aims to assess the implications of the minimum support price as a support mechanism for paddy farmers in Kanchanpur district, Nepal. A total of 120 respondents were selected from the study area using the snowball sampling method and interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire from July 15, 2023, to July 20, 2023. Descriptive statistics, an independent sample t-test, a chi-square test, and indexing were used to analyze the data. The study revealed that only 42% of farmers were aware of MSP, while an even lower proportion, just 26%, were aware of the FMTCL. The average FGP in the study area was found to be 2375 Nrs/quintal and 2811 Nrs/quintal for short-grain and long-grain paddy, respectively. The effectiveness of the policy was found to be staggering, with just 9% of surveyed farmers accessing MSP or higher prices. The respondents cited the late announcement of the minimum support price as the most severe obstacle to MSP implementation, followed by lack of awareness about MSP, non-availability of procurement companies nearby, middlemen or Galla’s as price determinators, FMTCL being the sole procurement company, high supply at peak time, quality variation in paddy grain, and porous borders. The study therefore calls for timely announcement of MSP, proper awareness programs, and expansion of procurement services.
3
Diksha. "Unpacking the Economic Viability of Minimum Support Price." International Journal of Recent Research in Commerce Economics and Management (IJRRCEM) 11, no. 2 (2024): 195–201. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11635853.
Full textAbstract:
<strong>Abstract:</strong> India, primarily being an agricultural country, majority population depends on farming for livelihood. But agriculture sector has always faced a number of issues ranging from low productivity, market distortions, low prices. Efforts have been done by governments over decades to improve the conditions of farmers by introducing green revolution, agriculture produce market committees, Minimum support prices. But the policies formulated came with their own problems. While green revolution has affected the environment and MSP affecting the economy and market forces of demand and supply. The recent huge scale farmers protest demanding legal guarantee of minimum support price has again shifted the attention on understanding the implications of MSP. This paper delves in depth to comprehand all the aspects of MSP affecting economy. Although initially MSP does benefit farmers but in long run it does not only hurts economy(deficit, inflation) but ultimately affects farmers by depressing the demands for their produce. Perhaps the fact is undeniable that farmers cannot be left on their own, the paper argues balance between economic needs of the nation and welfare of the farmers is the need of the hour. <strong>Keywords:</strong> Minimum support price, economic feasibility, swaminathan report, agriculture inflation. <strong>Title:</strong> Unpacking the Economic Viability of Minimum Support Price <strong>Author:</strong> Diksha <strong>International Journal of Recent Research in Commerce Economics and Management (IJRRCEM)</strong> <strong>ISSN 2349-7807</strong> <strong>Vol. 11, Issue 2, April 2024 - June 2024</strong> <strong>Page No: 195-201</strong> <strong>Paper Publications </strong> <strong>Website: www.paperpublications.org</strong> <strong>Published Date: 13-June-2024</strong> <strong>DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11635853</strong> <strong>Paper Download Link (Source)</strong> <strong>https://www.paperpublications.org/upload/book/Unpacking%20the%20Economic%20Viability-13062024-2.pdf</strong>
4
Shahzad, Muhammad Aamir, Amar Razzaq, and Ping Qing. "On the Wheat Price Support Policy in Pakistan." Journal of Economic Impact 1, no. 3 (2019): 80–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.52223/jei0103192.
Full textAbstract:
Wheat is Pakistan's main food and strategic crop. Currently, the government controls wheat prices through a minimum support price (MSP) policy to encourage production. However, despite the increase in wheat production, input costs and output prices have been increasing over the years. This paper aims to analyse the impact of wheat support price policies. We use data from different government sources to estimate the financial implications of MSP and compare the support price policies of India and Pakistan. We find that Pakistan’s current minimum support price policy encourages farmers to produce larger quantities of wheat, but this places a heavy financial burden on the country's finances. Our results indicate that the higher MSP of wheat has made the country lose its competitiveness in the international market. Besides, we found that the cost of wheat production in Pakistan is much higher than in India. These higher production costs force the government to raise the MSP to maintain farmers' profitability. The high MSP is guaranteed by subsidizing the procurement and release of wheat, which imposes a heavy financial burden on government finances. In addition, the rise in wheat prices in recent years has also hurt consumers. Policymakers can redistribute subsidies by subsidizing wheat inputs, especially fertilizers and seeds, to reduce production costs. To this end, the best policy intervention may be to provide input subsidies rather than subsidies on purchase prices. A reduction in input costs will correspondingly reduce output prices, which will increase farmers' profitability, consumer surplus and the international competitiveness of Pakistani wheat.
5
Rama Murthy Y, Sree. "Cash Settled Commodity Option Contracts as an Alternative to Minimum Support Price: A Mechanism to Alleviate Farmer Distress." Information Management and Business Review 11, no. 4(I) (2020): 50–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/imbr.v11i4(i).3010.
Full textAbstract:
Cash settled commodity options is a possible alternative to create a mechanism so that minimum support prices work in reality and do not remain a paper exercise. This paper argues that the government should create a commodity options market for all minimum support price (MSP) commodities. Further option contracts should be cash settled. The government should participate by selling put options at or above the minimum support price, so that farmers can exercise the option if they find that market prices are below the minimum support price.
6
Vaishnavi, Lokesha, H., Vedamurthy, K. B., et al. "Analysis of Trends and Forecast of Minimum Support Price (MSP) in India." Archives of Current Research International 24, no. 6 (2024): 426–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/acri/2024/v24i6800.
Full textAbstract:
This present study was initiated with the objective of analysing the trends in MSP and its forecast to enhance production by providing fair price to the farmers there by ensuring food security and sustainable development of agriculture in the country in view of changing domestic and international market dynamics. The study revealed a significant growth in MSP and has steadily increased over the years for cereals, pulses and oilseeds which highlighted the growing importance of these crops in achieving food security in the country. The increase in MSP is mainly attributed to escalating factor prices in addition to global price factors which was observed during 2007-08, 2012-13 and during 2017-18 with the recommendation of M S Swaminathan Committee due to no parity between factor and product prices coupled with weather-related challenges contributed to rise in MSP across crops. The MSP in India is significantly rising for all the selected crops reflecting the Government's commitment to support and protect the income of farmers. To capture the fluctuations and trends in MSP for all the selected crops, the ARIMA model was employed from the year 1998 to 2023 and evaluated the model's goodness of fit, with R² values of 0.72 for paddy-C, 0.79 for paddy-A, 0.94 for maize, 0.82 for jowar, 0.85 for ragi, 0.90 for red gram, 0.78 for Bengal gram, 0.86 for groundnut, 0.88 for cotton medium staple, and 0.89 for cotton long staple indicated a strong ability to explain the variance in MSP. The accuracy and suitability of the ARIMA model for forecasting the MSP of selected crops were assessed, with potential for improvement in terms of RMSE and MAE for the year 2023-2030. This suggests that the ARIMA model is a suitable choice for forecasting MSP, given its accuracy and simplicity, thereby providing valuable insights for future agricultural policy planning.
7
Tarhale, H. M., A. N. Deshmukh, S. U. Mokhale, and S. D. Ingole. "Impact of minimum support price on pigeonpea growers." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 19, no. 1 (2023): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.15740/has/ijas/19.1/1-5.
Full textAbstract:
The present study was conducted mainly with the objective to study extent Impact of Minimum Support Price on pigeonpea growers. For the study, Washim district was selected purposively as area of pigeonpea under this district was high as compare to other district of Vidarbha region. Karanja (Lad) talukas viz., Lohara, Shaha, Yewata (Bandhi), Wai, Kherda Bu, Donad, Mungutpur, Sohol, Gaywad, Belmandal, Meha, Manabha, Pangavhan, Rahati (Kajba), Bhamdevi, Sukadi, Umbarda (Bazaar), Hiwara (Lahe), Khanapur, Murambi, Nimba (Jahangir), Poha, Palana and Dhamni were selected randomly and 24 villages from each talukas were selected randomly. From each village 5 respondents who were cultivating pigeonpea crop were randomly selected constituting the sample size 120. Ex-post factor research design was used for the study. Majority of the respondents had medium farm experience, were literate, medium land holding, medium annual income, medium source of information, medium extension contact and possessed medium knowledge. The variables like farm experience, education, annual income, social participation, extension contact, source of information had positive significant relationship with impact of minimum support price on pigeonpea growers. Whereas, land holding could not establish any relationship with impact of minimum support price on pigeonpea growers. Based on the recommendations of the Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices, the Department of Agriculture and Co-operation, Government of India, declares Minimum Support Prices (MSP) for 22 crops before their sowing seasons. The idea behind MSP is to give guaranteed price and assured market to the farmers and protect them from the price fluctuations and market imperfections. The guaranteed price and assured market are expected to encourage higher investment and in adoption of modern farming practices. Further, with the globalization resulting in freer trade in agricultural commodities, it is very important to protect the farmers and their interest.
8
Jana, Sebak Kumar, and Siddhartha Sankar Manna. "Legal Guarantee of Minimum Support Price (MSP) and Indian Agriculture- Issues and Options." International Journal of Innovative Research in Engineering and Management 11, no. 5 (2024): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.55524/ijirem.2024.11.5.1.
Full textAbstract:
The Minimum Support Price (MSP) is a key element of India's agricultural policy, aimed at protecting farmers from market price volatility and ensuring they receive a fair return for their crops. The paper critically examines the role of the Minimum Support Price (MSP) in India's agricultural sector, addressing the ongoing debate over the need for a legal guarantee of MSP. Through a balanced analysis, it presents arguments both for and against the legal guarantee of MSP, acknowledging concerns over market distortions and fiscal burdens. Suggestions for improving farmers’ incomes, such as investment in infrastructure, price stabilization mechanisms, and income support schemes, are discussed. The paper concludes by emphasizing the need for comprehensive reforms in the MSP system, advocating for a balanced approach that incorporates global best practices and modernizes market mechanisms, rather than solely relying on legal guarantees to sustain the agricultural economy.
9
Morales, Luis Emilio, Jean Balié, and Emiliano Magrini. "How has the minimum support price policy of India affected cross-commodity price linkages?" International Food and Agribusiness Management Review 24, no. 2 (2021): 179–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.22434/ifamr2020.0035.
Full textAbstract:
For several decades, the government of India has implemented a minimum support price (MSP) policy for agricultural commodities to reduce price risk levels for farmers. Concerns have been raised about whether this policy could affect market integration of related agricultural products, modify price incentives, and ultimately alter resource allocation and production between commodities. This study uses a panel vector auto-regression model across six states for the period 2002-2017 to analyse the effects of the MSP on the transmission of price shocks between cereals and oilseeds. The results demonstrate that the MSP partially and completely offsets price linkages between agricultural commodities, potentially introducing distortions in price incentives that affect land allocation and production between commodities. Beyond the effects of the MSP across commodities, Indian authorities can expect that price shocks on maize be transmitted to soybean over the next production period. Finally, this study demonstrates that the use of alternative data frequencies can identify differences in market reactions over time that can be related to production cycles and delays in price transmission.
10
Saunshi, Chandrashekhar. "Impact of Government Policies on Cotton Marketing in Karnataka: Evaluating MSP (Minimum Support Price) Effectiveness." International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews 5, no. 11 (2024): 1208–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.55248/gengpi.5.1124.3208.
Full text
11
Annu, Annu, and Dr Rajendra Prasad Meena. "An Analysis of the Minimum Support Price in India: A Systematic Literature Review." Journal of Research in Agriculture and Animal Science 11, no. 12 (2024): 01–06. https://doi.org/10.35629/9459-11120106.
Full textAbstract:
This article contends that the MSP will only benefit a small percentage of farmers, even with effective implementation. The country's government offers a Minimum Support Price to the farmers. The minimum support price represents one of the programs that helped secure fair pricing for diverse commodities. The Indian government sponsored many measures to boost farmers' income. The paper examined the crops' prices during 2011-12 to 2023-24 in India. In this paper, neo-classical theories were also considered with the modern approach related to agriculture prices. The crops have increased in the last few years, ultimately benefiting our country's farmers. Prices of some crops increased in 2023-24 by more than double the price in 2011-12 which indicates an increase in the income of the farmers. 9 However, some crop prices have not increased as much to cover the production cost of the agricultural crop. It makes it difficult for small farmers to cover the cost of production. The government makes farmers aware of new technologies and organizes schemes for them to increase their production level which ultimately helps farmers. The main motive of the minimum support price scheme is to benefit the farmers.
12
Jain, Riplav. "Estimating of Minimum Support Price (MSP) of Crops Using Data Analysis." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 6, no. 5 (2018): 19–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2018.5004.
Full text
13
Joyal, Damor, M.R.Chandrakar, V. K. Choudhary, and Chanchal. "Assessing Economic Sustainability in Gujarat’s Cereal Sector: Trends in Costs, Prices, and MSP (2001 – 2022)." Journal of Experimental Agriculture International 46, no. 10 (2024): 159–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jeai/2024/v46i102934.
Full textAbstract:
The data highlights the changes in MSP over the years for each cereal. It's evident that MSPs have generally increased over time, although the rates of increase vary among different crops and years. The correlation analysis provides valuable insights into the relationships between MSP, wholesale prices, farm harvest prices, and the cost of production. Strong positive correlations between these variables indicate significant interdependence within the agricultural market. Notable changes in increasing order in MSP (Minimum support price) was seen over years in all cereals. Years with negative values in excess of actual MSP over COP (Cost of Production) suggested farmers were not able to cover even COP and years with positive values suggested farmers were in profitable margin after covering COP. Cost and prices of all the selected cereals were having high correlation between MSP, WP (Wholesale Price), FHP (Farm Harvest Price), COP (C2) and COP (A2 + FL (Family Labour). Highest growth rate amongst the particulars was seen for MSP in pearl millet and lowest for COP (A2 + FL) in pearl millet. More variability was seen in MSP for pearl millet and low variability was seen in MSP for Wheat. Overall, analysis provides a comprehensive understanding of the agricultural landscape in Gujarat state.
14
K R, Ashok, and Sasikala C. "Trends in Production and Comparison of Cost of Production and Minimum Support Price of Coarse Cereals." Madras Agricultural Journal 98, JUNE (2011): 189–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.29321/maj.10.100275.
Full textAbstract:
In the rainfed regions of the country coarse cereals form the staple diet of the majority of the poor. Keeping in view of the importance of coarse cereals, this study estimates the Compound Growth Rate (CGR) of area, production and productivity of major coarse cereals and analyzes the trends in cost of production of coarse cereals and the Minimum Support Price (MSP) announced by the Government. The study is based on time series data on area, production and productivity of coarse cereals (bajra, maize, ragi, jowar) from 1970-71 to 2007 - 08. The 38 years data were classified at decadal intervals and the decadal trends in area, production and productivity were analyzed through CGR. The data on cost of cultivation and MSP were collected from the reports of Commission on Agriculture Costs and Prices, Government of India and compared. The difference between MSP and cost of production was highest in ragi followed by cumbu, maize and Jowar.
15
Karthick, V., N. Kiruthika, R. Sangeetha, and A. Anbarassan. "Does Farmers Aware and Benefited with Price Policy: A Study in Tamil Nadu, India." Journal of Experimental Agriculture International 45, no. 12 (2023): 216–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jeai/2023/v45i122281.
Full textAbstract:
Aim: The support prices announced by the government are moved with a purpose of providing price security to farmers. This study assess the level of awareness on price support policy, to study the relationship between, minimum support price and price realized by the farmers and to study the implementation of MSP Policy in Tamil Nadu.
 Study Design: Multi stage random sampling techniques were adopted.
 Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in Tamil Nadu. Primary data were collected from 30 districts of the State. The data was collected during the period from August 2021-September 2021.
 Methodology: A total of 600 farmers from 30 districts were surveyed. Both primary and secondary data was used for this study. The data are pertaining to the reference year 2020-21. The percentage and average analysis were done.
 Results: This study found that 55 per cent of farm households are not aware of MSP of crops grown by them which is a cause of concern. The crops like paddy, maize, green gram, cotton and sugarcane price realized by the farmer was less than the announced MSP. Out of few who were aware of MSP, nearly 20 per cent of farmers reported not selling the produce to procurement agencies. The important advantages from the procurement agencies are immediate payment for the produce and genuineness in weighment.
 Conclusion: To increase the awareness about MSP of crops and to take benefit of it, better network of procurement agencies should be developed. Decentralized procurement agencies with local presence coupled with increased drying facility, storage capacity and deficiency payments can extend the benefits of support prices to a larger segment of the farming community.
16
SOMANATHAN, ARATHI, G. B. CHAITRA, SHERRY MANGLA, ASHOK KUMAR PATHAK, and CHIDANAND PATIL. "Understanding the effectiveness of minimum support price policy on area, production and productivity of oilseed crops in India." Journal of Farm Sciences 37, no. 01 (2024): 72–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.61475/jfs.2024.v37i1.17.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of the study was to investigate the impact of the Minimum Support Price (MSP) policy on the expansion of oilseed cultivation area, production and productivity in India, aiming to address the country’s heavy reliance on costly edible oil imports, which exceed 65 percent of its total requirements, costing over `70,000 crores annually. The study aimed to assess how the implementation of the MSP policy could contribute to increasing domestic oilseed production and reducing the dependence on imports.The data on MSP, oilseed cultivation area, production, and productivity was collected for the period 1985 to 2020. Compound Annual Growth Rate, correlation analysis, and scatter plots were utilized to analyze the trends and associations between MSP and the area, production and yield of key oilseed crops in India, namely Groundnut, Sunflower, Rapeseed-Mustard, Soybean, and Safflower. The study revealed that there was a positive and statistically significant Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) between the Minimum Support Price (MSP) and yield for all five oilseed crops. Additionally, a positive and significant trend was observed in the CAGR of Soybean and Rapeseed-Mustard for both area and production. The scatterplots and Spearman correlation analysis further supported these findings, indicating a strong positive correlation between the MSP of Soybean and Rapeseed-Mustard with their respective area, production, and yield. It was also noted that the government provided higher MSP support to oilseed crops such as Sunflower, Safflower, and Groundnut, where a negative CAGR in the area was observed.
17
Bajrang Lal and Priyanka Ranawat. "Approach to Enablers of Minimum Support Price (MSP) and their Effects on Sustainable Agriculture Practices." RESEARCH REVIEW International Journal of Multidisciplinary 7, no. 10 (2022): 139–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.31305/rrijm.2022.v07.i10.016.
Full textAbstract:
The production of agricultural goods is essential to the maintenance of many households' means of subsistence, notably in India. The purpose of this article is to determine the key factors of MSP and the impact that it has on sustainable agricultural practices (SAP). The selection of these 380 marginal farmers in Rajasthan was conducted using a survey methodology that included well-organized and convenient sampling techniques. The findings suggested that the farmers were familiar with the MSP. Several supply parameters, including Area under crop, Productivity of land, Processing cost, Transportation, Distribution, Taxes and fee, and Subsidies, were found to have a correlation that was both positive and significant with SAP. In a similar vein, agricultural factors, such as the cost of production, input prices, market prices, demand and supply, inflation, and international pricing, are positively connected with SAP. To achieve agricultural sustainability in Rajasthan, an innovative conceptual model was devised. This work contributes to the current body of knowledge by expanding on how MSP and SAP are typically utilized.
18
Siju, Reshma, and Smitha Baby. "Minimum Support Price and Procurement Mechanism for Smallholder Paddy Farmers: An Effective Tool for Farm Price Risk Mitigation." Journal of Experimental Agriculture International 47, no. 5 (2025): 95–104. https://doi.org/10.9734/jeai/2025/v47i53400.
Full textAbstract:
The decentralised paddy procurement system in the State of Kerala, India is a market support mechanism for farmers offering a procurement price comprising the Minimum Support Price (MSP) issued by the central government and the State Incentive Bonus (SIB). The study was an attempt to assess the farmers' perceptions on the effectiveness of the paddy procurement in the State, using six key parameters: market perception, price risk mitigation, institutional support, influence on crop choice and decision-making, procedural formalities, and state policy intervention. A survey was conducted among 160 farmers from the major rice growing tracts of the State, using a structured interview schedule and Likert-type scale measurement. The findings indicate that price risk mitigation (84.16) and state policy intervention (86.62) achieved very high effectiveness scores, demonstrating the effective role of MSP in paddy marketing and the related benefits for farmers through strong government interventions at state level. Market perception (74.18), influence on crop choice and decision-making (74.35), and institutional support (62.64) were also rated as highly effective. However, procedural delays and quality-related disputes emerged as key limitations of the procurement system, warranting policy attention. The study highlights that while the procurement scheme provides market stability mitigating the price risks, addressing procedural bottlenecks is crucial for enhancing its overall effectiveness.
19
DASTAGIRI, M. B., B. GANESH KUMAR, A. DHANDAPANI, and NAGA SINDHUJA P V. "Economics of India’s agricultural domestic and international prices during WTO regime: signals and policies." Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 92, no. 5 (2022): 587–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v92i5.124668.
Full textAbstract:
Prices play a great role in living economics. Prices act as signals for shortages and surpluses which help government, firms, consumers to respond to changing market conditions. The study was conducted at NAARM, Hyderabad. The study period was from 1990–91 to 2018–19. Trends, growth rates, terms of trade, instability, elasticities, domestic and international agriculture price analysis were employed for achieving objectives. An increasing trend of MSP has been found in India’s major agricultural crops. Minimum Support Price (MSP) growth rate of pulses were more than cereals and oilseeds. WPI growth rate of pulse crops was greater than the cereal and oilseed crops except sorghum. The variation in WPI of major agricultural commodities in India was stable except sunflower. Consumer food price index has shown more or less linear trends. It indicates Government monitoring food prices stable. The variation inexport price of rice and sunflower and import price of sorghum was stable. The study found that India has comparative advantage for rice, gram, groundnut and soybean crops in international markets. The export price elasticities of rice, wheat, gram, groundnut, soybean and sunflower was observed to be marginally higher than their import price elasticities. The findings can be useful to government in designing price fixing mechanism and monetary policy, distortion of prices and control of inflation
20
Dev, Kamal. "Institutional Arrangements to Enforce the Minimum Support Price (MSP) Policy Effectively in India: A Case Study of Wheat and Paddy Production in Punjab." Advances in Research 24, no. 5 (2023): 60–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/air/2023/v24i5959.
Full textAbstract:
The paper tries to examine the institutional arrangements to enforce the minimum support price (MSP) in India with a special reference to a highly agricultural-producing state, which is also known as the food bowl of India. The current study is based on the Punjab state which is an agriculturally rich state, here, paddy and wheat farmers suffered low losses as compared to other crop cultivators, but they are not separate from losses. These institutional arrangements to enforce the MSP policy examined by studying cost of Production, FHP, MSP, and crop procurement by the government agencies and their benefited farmers of wheat and paddy. The study calculated the percent change in over the period of 2012-13 to 2020-21 of costs data from the Directorate of Economics & Statistics (DES), and this study analysed the procurement data published by the Food Corporation of India (FCI) and the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, Government of India. The percentage analysis is used as a statistical tool for this research, to access the effectiveness of MSP by its institutional arrangements that enforce the MSP effectively. The institutional arrangements to enforcement the MSP of wheat and paddy is found to be effective in Punjab. The MSP seeks to guarantee fair prices for the growers that promote greater investment and output of the produce. The result of the paper revealed that within the time being the cost of production, cost of cultivation, FHP, MSP, and government procurement of wheat and paddy is increasing, whereas the number of benefited farmers has not significantly increased. The findings of this research unravel that wheat and paddy growers of Punjab are getting supported largely due to effective procurement by the government at the MSP. Overall, at the state of Punjab the procurement of wheat and paddy by the government agencies such as FCI and state agencies is satisfactory, and conclude that the institutional arrangements for wheat and paddy procurement at MSP in Punjab is effective in nature.
21
Dhar, Biswajit. "WTO Agreement on Agriculture: Worsening India’s Agrarian Crisis." Indian Economic Journal 71, no. 1 (2023): 152–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00194662221146638.
Full textAbstract:
India’s accession to the WTO in 1995 brought a new set of challenges for its agriculture. Most of the policies supporting agriculture, especially price support and input subsidies, labelled by the agreement on agriculture (AoA) as domestic support measures, were under the scanner. The price support measure that India uses, namely, the minimum support price (MSP) provided to most of the major crops now faces a problem as the methodology of calculating the extent of subsidies on account of MSP is working against India. Further, the AoA prevents India from using export subsidies since it was not using this instrument in the past. But the agreement allows the advanced countries that were using export subsidies to continue using this instrument, albeit at a lower level. Equally problematic for India is the fact that AoA rules are constraining the implementation of the National Food Security Act, which provides subsidised foodgrains to the disadvantaged sections. JEL codes: F13, Q17, Q18
22
Nelavetla Sridhar Reddy, Vaduka Manideep, Gaddala Sumanth, Yasarapu Sai Charan Goud, Mohammed Ayaz Uddin, and Dr. M. Ramesh. "CROP MSP Forecasting and OTP-Verified SMS Notification System." International Research Journal on Advanced Engineering Hub (IRJAEH) 3, no. 05 (2025): 2163–70. https://doi.org/10.47392/irjaeh.2025.0317.
Full textAbstract:
Agricultural price forecasting plays a vital role in empowering farmers with market intelligence, enhancing crop planning, and supporting economic resilience. This project presents an efficient and user-friendly system for predicting the Minimum Support Price (MSP) of crops using machine learning techniques, with a real-time interface built using Streamlit. The system leverages an XGBoost regression model trained on historical crop price datasets, including commodity name, crop variety, type, and year. To increase accessibility and impact, the application incorporates Twilio SMS integration, enabling users to send MSP predictions directly to farmers’ mobile phones. The web interface includes a step-wise selection mechanism for crop type, commodity, and variety, along with intuitive visualization of prediction results and comparison with actual MSP values when available. The model achieves a strong R² score, indicating reliable predictive performance across crop types and years. By integrating machine learning with SMS-based communication, this solution offers a practical and scalable tool for agricultural advisory systems, especially in rural and low-resource settings.
23
Thakur, Avanindra Nath. "Public Procurement, Land Ownership and Agricultural Price Variation Across States: The Case of Paddy Cultivation in India." Agrarian South: Journal of Political Economy: A triannual Journal of Agrarian South Network and CARES 12, no. 3 (2023): 319–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/22779760231188582.
Full textAbstract:
The markets for agricultural crops have always been segmented. Although agricultural price policy in India is largely focused on declaring minimum support price (MSP), for select crops at all Indian levels the price for any crop has hardly been unique for the country. In this context, the paper tries to understand how far prices of paddy have been different across states. To what extent such price policies, primarily the public procurement system, are instrumental in the determination of actual price differentials realized by farmers across states. The paper draws its analysis from unit-level data of the 77th round of the National Sample Survey on the situation assessment of farmers (2018–2019). The paper evaluates some of the possible factors such as government procurements of paddy, land ownership patterns, percentage of farmers selling in the regulated markets, among others, in the context of price determination of paddy. The paper also seeks the link between local market price and average price in the regulated markets in different states.
24
Ashrith Sambaraju, Marikanti Sathvika, Mainam Krupa, Velagapudi Venkata Sai Mahendra Kumar, Mrs.K. Revathi, and Dr. M. Ramesh. "Automated Brain Tumor Classification Using Hybrid Deep Learning Models." International Research Journal on Advanced Engineering Hub (IRJAEH) 3, no. 05 (2025): 2171–77. https://doi.org/10.47392/irjaeh.2025.0318.
Full textAbstract:
Agricultural price forecasting plays a vital role in empowering farmers with market intelligence, enhancing crop planning, and supporting economic resilience. This project presents an efficient and user-friendly system for predicting the Minimum Support Price (MSP) of crops using machine learning techniques, with a real-time interface built using Streamlit. The system leverages an XGBoost regression model trained on historical crop price datasets, including commodity name, crop variety, type, and year. To increase accessibility and impact, the application incorporates Twilio SMS integration, enabling users to send MSP predictions directly to farmers’ mobile phones. The web interface includes a step-wise selection mechanism for crop type, commodity, and variety, along with intuitive visualization of prediction results and comparison with actual MSP values when available. The model achieves a strong R² score, indicating reliable predictive performance across crop types and years. By integrating machine learning with SMS-based communication, this solution offers a practical and scalable tool for agricultural advisory systems, especially in rural and low-resource settings.
25
Utpal Baishya. "The Relationship between MSP of Wheat and Domestic Market Price with the Wheat Export of India: An ARDL Approach." Tuijin Jishu/Journal of Propulsion Technology 44, no. 4 (2023): 3651–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.52783/tjjpt.v44.i4.1518.
Full textAbstract:
The paper studies the long-run and short-run relationships between the minimum support price (MSP) of wheat and the export of wheat from India and between the domestic market price and the Indian export of wheat using the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) method for the period of 2002 to 2019. The weighted average price (WAP) of wheat is taken as a proxy for the domestic market price at the national level. The empirical result suggests that there is no significant long-run and short-run relationship between MSP and domestic market price on the level of wheat exports in India. To a certain extent, the present level of exports of wheat is explained by the previous year's export level. Any disruption in the long-run equilibrium is corrected by nearly 40% per year. So the results suggest that other explanatory variables determining wheat export need to be addressed carefully to gain a large share in the international wheat market.
26
Bhue, Chitrasen, and Renbeni Kikon. "Issues and Challenges of MSP as an Income Enhancement Approach in India." Indian Economic Journal 68, no. 2 (2020): 290–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0019466220951106.
Full textAbstract:
Given the proliferating agricultural crisis and cumulative farmer distress, minimum support price (MSP) as an income enhancement approach in Indian agriculture has been contextualised in this study using the unit-level data of NSSO on Situation Assessment Survey of Agricultural Households (2013). The study tries to understand level of awareness and accessibility of MSP, magnitude of difference among the states and reasons for poor accessibility. The classification of states based on awareness about MSP and procuring agencies (PA) and magnitude of sale to PA at MSP shows that Bihar, including the North-Eastern states of Assam, Tripura and Meghalaya, is the low-ranking state. Although MSP works as a safety net for market risk, low level of awareness, pre-harvest sale and non-availability of PA are some of the important issues which need to be addressed for achieving the goals.
27
Singh, Pritam, and Shruti Bhogal. "Interrogating the MSP Regime, Farm Laws and Agrarian Future in India." Millennial Asia 12, no. 3 (2021): 332–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09763996211056996.
Full textAbstract:
The three new farm laws promulgated by the Government of India in 2020 (now repealed) as agricultural marketing reforms, with the claim that they were aimed at expanding farmers’ marketing choices and increasing their incomes, have triggered massive protests by farmers. These protests have crystallized around two key demands: first, repeal the laws and second, make the minimum support price (MSP) for procuring farmers’ produce a legal right. Given that discussions between the government and farmers’ organizations continue to be at an impasse, it is critical to understand the arguments over the laws and the MSP, and the implications of these arguments for the agrarian future of India.
28
Ahmad, Nasim. "Revisiting Policies for Enhancing Minimum Support Price (MSP): Evidences From Cost of Cultivation Data of Bihar (India)." International Journal of Pure & Applied Bioscience 6, no. 2 (2018): 277–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.18782/2320-7051.6391.
Full text
29
Bagria, Vipin Kumar. "Impact Execution of Minimum Support Prices and their Effects on Sustainable Agriculture Practices: A SEM Analysis." RESEARCH REVIEW International Journal of Multidisciplinary 8, no. 6 (2023): 58–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.31305/rrijm.2023.v08.n06.009.
Full textAbstract:
For many households to continue to have a means of subsistence, agriculture is essential, particularly in India. This paper examines the most significant aspects of the MSP and its impact on environmentally Sustainable Agricultural Practices (SAP). These 390 marginal farmers were selected in Rajasthan using a survey methodology that included well-organized and convenient sampling procedures. According to the findings, the producers appeared to have prior knowledge of the MSP. Several supply factors, such as Area under cultivation, Productivity of land, Processing cost, Transportation, Distribution, Taxes, fee, and Subsidies, were found to have a positive and substantial relationship with SAP. In a similar vein, SAP is positively correlated with production costs, input costs, market prices, demand and supply, inflation, and international pricing. Agricultural factors influence all these factors. To make agriculture in Rajasthan more sustainable, an original and forward-thinking conceptual paradigm was developed. This study expands upon the conventional applications of MSP and SAP, thereby adding to the existing corpus of knowledge.
30
Das, Ramesh Chandra. "Does Minimum Support Price Have Long-Run Associations and Short-Run Interplays with Yield Rates and Quantities of Outputs? A Study on Food and Non-food Grains in India." Review of Market Integration 13, no. 1 (2021): 42–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09749292211065192.
Full textAbstract:
Indian agricultural practices in most instances are nature dependent; notwithstanding, it contributes a huge amount to the nation’s gross domestic product and in providing food security to the masses. The government’s announcements of minimum support prices (MSPs) for the crops work as insurance for the farmers from distress sales in the times of bumper crops as well as from nature’s shocks. In the recent past, a new agricultural bill has been passed by both houses of the Indian Parliament which constitutes a major source of concern on the MSP. Under this backdrop, the present study investigates through an endogenous growth model incorporating MSP as the public policy variable and empirical analysis whether MSP has long-run relations with yield rates and total quantity of production of different food and non-food crops for 1983–2019. Using a unit root test, cointegration test and causality test under structural break, it concludes that MSP and yield rates, and MSP and outputs of the selected crops have long-run relations under different break points with temporary deviations from the equilibrium path. Further, there are certain crops like pulses and groundnuts where MSP makes a cause to yield rates and, on the other hand, there are the crops like jute and cotton where MSP makes a cause to quantity of production. Thus, it is recommended that the Government of India should revisit the new agricultural bill and make necessary amendments for the overall benefits of the farmers and the economy as a whole. JEL Classification: Q180; O4; C22
31
Dr., Dev Raj Jhajhria. "The Impact of Agricultural Subsidies on Crop Diversification in India." International Journal of Innovative Research and Creative Technology 3, no. 5 (2017): 1–10. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13255226.
Full textAbstract:
This research paper examines the impact of agricultural subsidies on crop diversification in India, focusing on how these financial supports influence farmers' crop choices and the broader implications for agricultural sustainability and economic stability. While agricultural subsidies have been instrumental in stabilizing farmer incomes and ensuring food security, they have also led to a concentration on staple crops such as rice and wheat, limiting the adoption of diverse cropping systems. The paper identifies key challenges including economic incentives skewed towards cereals, infrastructural deficits, and policy biases that hinder diversification. It also highlights opportunities for promoting diversification through reforms in Minimum Support Price (MSP) policies, improvements in market infrastructure, and enhanced support for high-value and less-supported crops. By analysing current policies, infrastructural constraints, and market dynamics, the study provides a comprehensive overview of the barriers and prospects for achieving a more diversified agricultural sector. The recommendations include expanding MSP coverage, investing in cold storage and transportation, and implementing crop-specific insurance schemes. The research concludes that a multi-faceted approach involving policy adjustments, technological innovations, and infrastructural improvements is essential for fostering crop diversification and ensuring long-term agricultural sustainability in India.
32
Bharadwaj, Vangara. "A REVIEW ON MECHANISM FOR MARKETING OF MINOR FOREST PRODUCE AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE TO ENHANCE TRIBAL ECONOMY." YMER Digital 21, no. 08 (2022): 808–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.37896/ymer21.08/68.
Full textAbstract:
Every individual or nation growth and development depends majorly on the livelihoods carried out by those individuals’ and the support provided to such livelihoods in all aspects. In India, as per Government of India estimates about 125 million and 112 million total tribal and rural tribal populations are there in 2020. In these, nearly 50 percent of the tribal population live in forest areas. The tribal communities who live in forest areas depend extensively on the resources of forest for livelihoods and income generation on Minor Forest Produce (MFP). With the enactments of PESA (Panchayat Extension to Scheduled Areas) Act, 1996 and the Forest Rights Act, 2006 the forest dwellers are legally authorized with the possession and governance of the MFP. But, they have been suffering with many problems to produce minor forest products like legal issues, permissions, support price, financial-aid, marketing, branding and selling. This paper contributes to elaborate the provisions made by the government to overcome the challenges facing by the forest dwellers regarding MFP through a centrally sponsored scheme ‘Mechanism for Marketing of Minor Forest Produce (MFP) through Minimum Support Price (MSP) & Development of Value Chain for MFP’. Started in 2013-14 with 10 Minor Forest Produce items covering 9 States impacting approximately 1 Lakhs tribal families the scheme is now expanded to 22 States covering 87 MFP items impacting 25 lakhs families. Total procurement has gone up from Rs. 30 crores in 2014-15 to Rs. 1870 crores in 2020-21.
33
Maheshnath, M., R. Vijaya Kumari, K. Suhasini, D. Srinivasa Reddy, and A. Meena. "Constraint Analysis of Maize Marketing in Telangana State Using Garrett’s Ranking Technique." Journal of Experimental Agriculture International 46, no. 8 (2024): 585–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jeai/2024/v46i82739.
Full textAbstract:
This study examined the key constraints faced by farmers in marketing maize, a major crop in Telangana. The study was conducted in the top three maize-producing districts of Telangana - Warangal Rural, Siddipet, and Kamareddy. Data was gathered through personal interviews with 240 sample farmers using pre-tested, structured questionnaires for the 2021-22 agricultural year. An opinion survey was used to identify and rank the top challenges using the Garrett’s ranking technique. The primary constraints cited by farmers were an excessive number of middlemen in the market (82.65), price fluctuations (79.13), lack of support pricing during production surpluses (73.45), and high commission charges levied by market intermediaries (70.62). Farmers also reported secondary issues like delays in Minimum Support Price (MSP) operations and inadequate market infrastructure. Minor problems included high transportation costs (40.58), improper storage (37.26), and lack of pledge loan facilities for warehouse receipts (28.61). The study provided valuable insights into the challenges impacting maize marketing in the region.
34
Ravikumar, Hemachandran, and Prahatheeswaran Chandrasekaran. "AN EVALUATION OF GOVERNMENT SCHEMES FOR AGRICULTURAL MARKET STABILIZATION: A SURVEY-BASED STUDY." International Journal of Advanced Research 13, no. 03 (2025): 408–12. https://doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/20580.
Full textAbstract:
Agriculture forms the cornerstone of rural livelihoods in India, with a significant portion of the population dependent on farming for income and sustenance. Despite this, farmers often face the brunt of price volatility, supply chain bottlenecks, and market manipulation by intermediaries. In response, the Indian government has introduced multiple schemes, such as the Minimum Support Price (MSP), eNAM, and the Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana, which are intended to stabilise agricultural markets and ensure fair pricing mechanisms. However, questions persist regarding the reach, accessibility, and real-world impact of these initiatives. This study investigates farmers awareness of these schemes, the extent of their participation, and the perceived outcomes, using primary data collected through a structured survey of 100 farmers in the Namakkal district of Tamil Nadu. The research highlights a disparity between awareness and actual participation, suggesting systemic challenges in implementation, outreach, and support mechanisms. The paper concludes with evidence-based recommendations aimed at improving scheme efficacy, accessibility, and farmer inclusion.
35
Girisha T, Et al. "Analysis of Review of Literature on Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana." International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication 11, no. 11 (2023): 406–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/ijritcc.v11i11.9881.
Full textAbstract:
Agriculture, being first order economic activity, is highly susceptible to vagaries of climate. With small land holdings and low coping capacity, vulnerability of Indian farmer is high to deviations in monsoons. This vulnerability level becomes a serious concern during drought years. To provide some relief to farmers, States have evolved a few instruments, such as Input Subsidy, Minimum Support Price (MSP), Crop Insurance etc. Input Subsidy provides minimum support to farmers to continue with farming in subsequent post damage season and thus becomes operational only when there is a significant damage due to drought or excessive rainfall. Present study analyzes literature review on Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana. This paper aims to provide a selective literature review of articles published in the last decade on Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana. The review also found that this research lacked a theoretical underpinning and that more research studies are needed to empirically validate some of the key variables emerging in this area of research. The study concludes with a literature synthesis and recommendations for future research.
36
Shende, N. V., V. S. Shinde, U. T. Dangore, R. D. Vaidkar, and V. K. Khobarkar. "Dimension of Input Cost and output prices of Paddy in Odisha State of India." International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology 9, no. 4 (2024): 247–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijeab.94.32.
Full textAbstract:
Agricultural growth with stability has been a matter of concern in Odisha. As paddy is the major crop growing in the state, the present study was therefore carried out with the objectives to examine the changes in cost and Prices, growth, trend, parity between cost and Prices, gap between FHP (Farm Harvest Prices) and MSP (Minimum Support Prices), impact of MSP on area, production and productivity of Paddy in Odisha. The data of cost and Prices of Paddy were collected form the period 2000-01 to 2019-20 and analysed the temporal change, growth by using CGR (Compound Growth Rate), instability by using CV (Coefficient of Variation), trends by using linear and non-linear trend model, index number, effectiveness of the Prices policy during the harvest periods was examined by the deviations of FHP from MSP and classified into positive and negative deviations. These deviations calculated by using MAPD, MAND, AMPD and AMND formulas. To study the impact of lagged Minimum Support Prices (MSPs) on the acreage allocation, production and productivity, linear Regression equations have been fitted. The result shows that the temporal change of cost of Paddy crop increased subsequently over the period of time. This increase could due to increase in level of input use for Paddy is increases in Odisha. The growth analysis revealed that the growth in various cost of Paddy are found positively significant at 5 per cent level for overall period. For FHP and MSP of Paddy crop are found positively significant at 5 per cent level for overall period. The Coefficient of variation for various cost and Prices was found to be high in the Period-I and low in the Period-II, on the whole, it was observed that the degree of stability is increasing for over the period. There was an increase in trend in cost and Prices of Paddy during overall period and among the competitive parametric models third degree model are found best fitted based on R² significance The gap analysis in which deviations of FHPs from MSPs of Paddy crop results in maximum positive deviations (FHP ruled higher than MSP) in Odisha. The result shows that previous year Prices influences current years’ area, production and productivity of Odisha.
37
Dr., Amol A. Gaikwad, and Tukaram Bhagade Dagadu. "Importance of Minor Forest Produces In Tribal Development." Young Researcher S14, no. 1B (2025): 262–68. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14873805.
Full textAbstract:
<em>Real India lives in rural area therefore Mahatma Gandhi said to focus on rural economy. In 2024, 63.4% of population is residing in rural India. All these rural people are directly dependent on Agriculture, forest, and natural resources. According to the India state of forest report2019 about 300 million tribal and local people depends on minor forest produces (MFPs), forest and related activities for their employment, livelihood and subsistence. More than half of this population is tribal. This paper has details of Minor Forest Produces, importance of MFPs in livelihood of Tribal’s. Also, this paper focuses on increasing MFPs production, activities important for making it market friendly. Proper management of MFPs. Government initiatives to minimize risk factors like market factors, climatic factors, loss of MFP producers, Minimum Support Price (MSP) for MFP.Also MFPs role in tribal development and livelihood. Some solutions to avoid vulnerability of minor forest produces & tribal to climate change issues.</em>
38
Sahu, Usharani. "A Case Study on Scientific Attempt to Turn Agriculture Scetor Sustainable, Profitable and Attractive Through Innovative Aquaphonic Farming Methods in Cuttack and Khordha Districts of Odisha, India." Volume 5 - 2020, Issue 8 - August 5, no. 8 (2020): 1264–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt20aug594.
Full textAbstract:
Decreasing availability of land for farming due to Urbanization and Industrialization has further complicated Wide spread difference between cost of Agricultural Production-Minimum Support Price (MSP). To resolve the issues of viability in terms of economic & financial return and to find out alternative methods have to be applied in farming sector.Use of innovative technology ,the less numners of persons have been employed which obtained better results,less area under innovative farming has resulted in higher yield..As per suitability non-traditional methods to be implemented at large scale by the assistance of Government mechanism for the betterment of society. Agriculture has to be climate smart, technology driven, profit generating and sustainable to meet the need of food security of the country
39
Editorial Team. "On the Farmers’ Movement." Sikh Research Journal 6, no. 1 (2021): 81–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.62307/srj.v6i1.64.
Full textAbstract:
The special issues on the farmers are a product of a very particular vision on the part of a group of individuals engaged with the issue to offer a platform highlighting the massive resistance to the recently passed farm laws by the government of India, a resistance in which the Punjabi farmers occupy a prominent space. The farmers fear that the new laws, passed in September 2020, will eliminate the minimum guaranteed price for agricultural produce – commonly referred to as minimum support price (MSP) – despite the government’s assurances to the contrary; permit stockpiling of agricultural produce by corporations; and expand contract farming without much in the way of safeguards for the farmers. According to the farmers, the new laws will only serve to accelerate their impoverishment, with far reaching impacts on the socio-cultural-political fabric of the Punjab. Resistance to the laws emerged on the Indian national scene in late November 2020, although it had been ongoing in Punjab since the introduction of the central government’s ordinances on June 5, 2020, which preceded the parliamentary passage of the reforms as new laws. Almost half a year later, the movement continues to thrive without any sign of the farmers relenting. Their demand stands as is – “kaale kanoon rad karo” or “take back the black laws!”
40
Soham, Bachaspati1 Amrita Dasgupta2. "Farm Subsidies – A Double-Edged Sword." Science World a monthly e magazine 3, no. 2 (2023): 111–13. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7616129.
Full textAbstract:
A subsidy is a benefit given to an individual or an institution by the government. Hence farm subsidy is a governmental subsidy paid to farmers to supplement farmer's income and enhance their productivity. Subsides are typically tax-funded payments from a government to a business entity, such as an agricultural company. On the basis of the subsidy provided, farm subsidies can be categorized into direct and indirect subsidies. Direct farm subsidies are those subsidies that are directly provided to farmers and are generally paid in the form of a direct cash subsidy. In direct subsidies, a beneficiary purchases the products at the same price as prevalent in the market and the beneficiary is separately compensated for the purchase. Examples of direct farm subsidies are PM Kisan Scheme, PAHAL in LPG, farm loan waivers etc. Indirect subsidies are those subsidies in which the cost of the product is set at a lower price than the market price. India spends roughly 2% of GDP on indirect subsidies. Examples of indirect subsidies are - irrigation subsidy, power subsidy, fertilizer subsidy, credit subsidy, MSP (Minimum Support Price) etc. According to Marcela Escobari, agricultural subsidies are huge distortion for world markets, particularly for the poor. They happen because local interests want to protect their markets.
41
Sonvanee, O. P., Pankaj Bhargav, and Devendra Kurrey. "Seasonal Behaviour of Arrivals and Prices of Major Crops in Krishi Upaj Mandis of Chhattisgarh, India." Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics & Sociology 42, no. 11 (2024): 71–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajaees/2024/v42i112592.
Full textAbstract:
Chhattisgarh state is famous for its forest wealth and mineral resources and there is abundant production of crops. According to total area of crops, Paddy (77.47 percent) and Chickpea (5.43 percent) are major crops of Chhattisgarh state. Arrivals and price data (Year 2014-15 to 2023-24) of major crops were collected from website of Chhattisgarh state Mandi Board. The study was observed that the peak arrivals & price of paddy were started in the same months November to January in both market (KUM, Bemetra & KUM, Bhatapara) except peak price season starts in August to October with narrow difference in KUM, Bhatapara. In case of Chickpea, the peak arrivals and price started in the month of March to May & September to November, respectively. The Price stability of both crops (paddy & Chickpea) was higher in KUM, Bhatapara as compared to KUM, Bemetra. The less price fluctuation of paddy as compared to chickpea in Chhattisgarh state due to purchasing directly to farmers by the Government with Minimum Support Price (MSP) and also provided the Bonus. The study was suggested that the economic development of farmers in state, the government should purchase agricultural products other than paddy and cooperate in setting up dal mills & processing units. Necessary steps should be taken to increase of marketable surplus and development of community level threshing area. The study was importance in knowing the market behaviour and price fluctuation during the peak season and the major reason behind. The studies also throw light on the aspect how to enrich the economic condition of the farmers.
42
Dagam Sindhu, K. R. Naveen Kumar, and M. P. Sharath Kumar R. B. Singh. "Stochastic Analysis of Ragi (Eleusine coracana) Production in Karnataka." International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 10, no. 11 (2021): 67–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2021.1011.009.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of present study was to describe the growth rate study for some time series production factors of ragi and also making of diagnostic study for detecting some influential time series production factors governing total ragi production in Karnataka and also in India during the period 1993 -2017. The secondary data was collected for analysis from Directorate of economics and statistics and http://indiastat.com. The maximum compound growth rate of MSP of ragi was observed in India as well as in Karnataka. Whereas negative CGRs were recorded for ragi production in India as well as Karnataka. The productivity and area of ragi had positive and significant correlation with ragi production in India, whereas ragi production of India had negative and significant correlation with value of output and minimum support price. These factors were found important for total ragi production of India.
43
Gupta, Vrinda. "Impact of Agricultural Sector on the Indian Economy." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 13, no. 4 (2025): 2862–67. https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2025.68781.
Full textAbstract:
The agricultural sector plays a crucial role in India's economy, contributing significantly to GDP and employment. Despite industrial growth, agriculture remains the primary source of livelihood for a large section of the population. This research analyzes the sector’s economic contribution, highlighting its impact on rural development and overall economic stability. Government policies and reforms have aimed to modernize agriculture, improve farmer incomes, and ensure food security. This study evaluates the effectiveness of initiatives such as Minimum Support Price (MSP), PM-KISAN, and digital market platforms in promoting agricultural growth. Technological advancements, including precision farming, artificial intelligence, and digital supply chains, have transformed agricultural efficiency. This research examines how these innovations enhance productivity, reduce wastage, and support sustainable farming practices. Globalization and trade policies have further influenced Indian agriculture by opening export opportunities while also exposing farmers to global competition. This paper assesses the impact of international trade agreements, market integration, and foreign investment on the sector. A strong agricultural foundation is essential for India's long-term economic resilience. By integrating policy support, technology, and trade strategies, India can enhance agricultural productivity, boost farmer welfare, and sustainable economic growth.
44
HARISH, D. K., and G. B. CHAITRA. "Analyzing the cost of production and farmers' perception of Jeevamrut: An insight into an organic farming solution." Journal of Farm Sciences 37, no. 01 (2024): 92–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.61475/jfs.2024.v37i1.21.
Full textAbstract:
The study was conducted in the Uttar Kannada district of Karnataka, India. The farmers practicing Jeevamruta production and its application were purposively selected for the study. A total of 50 farmers, comprising 25 from Sirsi and 25 from Yellapura talukas, were selected for the study. The major components in the production of a drum of Jeevamrut of 200 liters were cow dung (10 kg), cow urine (10 liters), jaggery (2 kg), pulse flour (2 kg), bio-agent (1 kg), labor (1) and water (200 liters). The study found that the cost of production of 200 liters of Jeevamrut was `900, which was sufficient to cover an acre of land. Farmers opined that they apply Jeevamrut for 4 times in the case of cereals and 8 times for vegetable crops. The majorityof the farmers were of the opinion that Jeevamrut was cost-effective compared to chemical fertilizers and pesticides, environmentally friendly, enhanced soil health, and promoted microbial activity. Regular use of Jeevamrut resulted in an increase in crop yields and better management of pests and diseases.Constraints faced by farmers in marketing organic produce were lack of consumer trust, absence of a specific market for organic produce, inadequate price premiums for organic produce, absence of Minimum Support Price (MSP) for organic produce, and lack of information regarding organic products price.
45
B, V. A. N. S. S. Prabhakar Rao, Satish Kumar Kadupukotla, Kumar Singh Rabindra, and Sundeep P. "Intelligent System for Smart Cultivation - to Integrate Technology in Rural Economic Development." International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology (IJEAT) 9, no. 3 (2020): 511–17. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijeat.B4516.029320.
Full textAbstract:
Since all living organisms require food and farming is the best key division of any country’s economy development. In many developing countries the price of agriculture commodity is very low due to many issues. From a billionaire who has bread and jam for breakfast to the poor who eats rice porridge everyone who needs food for living on this earth has a relation to agriculture. The farmer, even if he is or isn’t profited for years together with the crop that he has sown he keeps searching for his life in every seed he sows in hope of succeeding. Hence, along with the price hikes in the market, adulteration is also on the rise, if this continues similarly, the wealth you’d give your children in the future won't be enough even for their hospital expenses. Price of land is growing day by day and the value of farmer is coming down, if we start constructing everything on this land then there would be no place for cultivating food. This work is based on gaining good returns for farmers by farmers meeting their own customers, but no relation to dealers this helps in farmers getting their price for the work they do. This helps in good food without adulterant products that leads in good health, hence good business returns in good benefits of returns to the economic growth of the country. Major contribution is required to implement minimum support price. Lots of researchers reported the need of MSPs but no implementation strategies so far in many products. The main focus of this work is to provide food for our growing population; we need to adopt certain agricultural practices with the help of technology in terms of machine intelligence with smart cultivation for crop production and management.
46
Tigari, Harish, and S. Rajamma. "Forming System and Income Security: A Case of Areca nut Farmers." Shanlax International Journal of Commerce 7, no. 2 (2019): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/commerce.v7i2.351.
Full textAbstract:
India is an agriculture-based country, most of the people depending on that, for leading their life. In a rural area, people will be followed a variety of farming system, in that areca nut is one of the major commercial crops in Karnataka and it has the never-ending list of uses. It took place in all religious, social, and cultural functions. Although the production of areca nut is localized in a few states, the commercial product of areca nut is widely distributed all over the country and is consumed by all classes of people. Areca nut, economy is currently facing crises from several fronts keeping this background the present study was in hiriyuru. Due to the reason of rainfall, the production will be very less, in that situation government will support to the areca nut farmers, in terms of providing subsidies or bank loans and controlling the price fluctuation, these factors positively impact on development farming system of areca nut farmers. Recurrent crash in the prices of areca nut and server past and disease attacks on the palms are the serious problems in the traditional areca nut-growing regions besides, scarcity of labor or carry out various form operations in time becoming a major deterrent in areca nut cultivation in recent years. This situation called for intervention by the government, in the form of minimum support price (MSP) to provide stability to areca nut economy during 2002, similarly, unplanned areca nut explanation, impact surge, recurrent legal intervention in the use of some of the value added areca nut product like gutka and pan masala have been treating the very survival of areca nut economy. These have put in jeopardy the livelihood security of millions of farmers and workers depending on areca nut cultivation and marketing in India
47
Harish, Tigari, and S.Rajamma. "Forming System and Income Security: A Case of Areca Nut Farmers'." Shanlax International Journal of Commerce 7, no. 2 (2019): 1–6. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2617215.
Full textAbstract:
India is an agriculture-based country, most of the people depending on that, for leading their life. In a rural area, people will be followed a variety of farming system, in that areca nut is one of the major commercial crops in Karnataka and it has the never-ending list of uses. It took place in all religious, social, and cultural functions. Although the production of areca nut will be localized in a few states, the commercial product of areca nut is widely distributed all over the country and will be consumed by all classes of people. Areca nut, economy is currently facing crises from several fronts keeping this background the present study was in hiriyuru. Due to the reason of rainfall, the production will be very less, in that situation government will support to the areca nut farmers, in terms of providing subsidies or bank loans and controlling the price fluctuation, these factors positively impact on development farming system of areca nut farmers. Recurrent crash in the prices of areca nut and server past and disease attacks on the palms are the serious problems in the traditional areca nut-growing regions besides, scarcity of labor or carry out various form operations in time becoming a major deterrent in areca nut cultivation in recent years. This situation called for intervention by the government, in the form of minimum support price (MSP) to give stability to the areca nut economy during 2002, similarly, unplanned areca nut explanation, impact surge, recurrent legal intervention in the use of some of the value added areca nut product like gutka and pan masala have treated the survival of areca nut economy. These have put in jeopardy the livelihood security of millions of farmers and workers depending on areca nut cultivation and marketing in India.
48
Ghosh, Soham, Pritee Sharma, and Sujay Mukhoti. "INCORPORATING THE NEWSVENDOR MODEL IN AGRICULTURAL RISK MANAGEMENT: A QUANTITATIVE APPROACH TO DECISION-MAKING." International Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Research 11, no. 02 (2025): 531–47. https://doi.org/10.51193/ijaer.2025.11214.
Full textAbstract:
Agricultural commodity markets remain unstable due to climate change, evolving global demand, and disruptions faced due to supply chain. Improved risk management strategies are crucial to establish food security and ensuring proper income of the farmers. In this paper, we examine the application of the renowned newsvendor model to agricultural products. We demonstrate effectiveness of the model to determine optimal procurement quantity and alleviate risks associated with both shortages and overproduction. Newsvendor model has been widely applied in different discipline since its inception, determines optimal quantity by balancing shortage and overage cost. We establish significance of applying the model to India’s agricultural sector to improve procurement decisions, minimizing losses. Additionally, integration of the model into policy planning also improves the effectiveness of government interventions, such as minimum support price (MSP) schemes and buffer stock management. Furthermore, we explore the application of the model to the country’s agricultural export policy, particularly focusing on the African countries affected by droughts, and receive support from the United Nations. The newly developed framework effectively enhances food security in vulnerable regions along with improving India's agricultural trade and global outreach. Our findings indicate that incorporating newsvendor framework contribute towards a more stable and market-driven agricultural economy in India.
49
Kumar, K. Nirmal Ravi, Srinivasa Konduru, P. Chandrasekhara, and Suresh Chandra Babu. "Restructuring State Intervention Strategies towards Chickpea Production Development in India—Application of Structural Equation Modeling (SEM)." Sustainability 13, no. 18 (2021): 10283. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su131810283.
Full textAbstract:
Structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed to analyze the influence of exogenous variables (research and extension (RE), marketing aspects (MA), and infrastructure development (ID)) on the endogenous variable chickpea production development (CPD) to restructure policy interventions in India. Results of the measurement model revealed that all the latent variables have construct validity (both convergent validity and discriminant validity) and composite reliability. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed that all indicators of both exogenous and endogenous variables are significant. Yield-increasing production technologies (PT), minimum support prices (MSP), and storage structures (SS) and the three exogenous variables (research and extension, marketing, and infrastructure development) are the strongest indicators. For the endogenous variable CPD, remunerative prices (RP) is the strongest indicator and also serves as a driving force for other indicators. The results of the structural model revealed that RE is the most effective construct followed by ID and MA, and they cumulatively explained 89 percent of the total variation in CPD. Among these three constructs, MSP is the key indicator of MA with the highest loading factor (0.799), and hence it should be given the highest priority for promoting CPD in India.
50
Paul, Barun Kumar. "The Profitability of Paddy Cultivation and Farmers’ Perception in West Bengal with Special Reference to Purba Bardhaman District." Space and Culture, India 7, no. 3 (2019): 172–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.20896/saci.v7i3.537.
Full textAbstract:
Many economists and experts opined that agriculture is an unprofitable activity in India nowadays, mainly because of increasing cost and low prices of farm produce. However, during the field survey in Galsi-I and Galsi-II Blocks of Purba Bardhaman, it was observed that many farmers do not think so. In this context, using the secondary data on the cost of paddy cultivation for the period 1996–97 to 2015–16, this paper analyses the cost and returns from paddy cultivation in West Bengal. It is observed that the cost has increased at a very high rate. Paid out cost at current prices during the last decade has increased by 12.1 per cent per annum. However, they do not realise the right price of their produce, and consequently, the profit margin has declined. Data reveal that farmers incurred losses in paddy cultivation upto 14 times except for in 2007–08 and in 2009–10 during 2000–01 to 2015–16. They are also being deprived of getting even the minimum support prices (MSP) due to loopholes in government initiatives. Using primary data, this paper explains why many farmers think that paddy cultivation is still a profitable activity. In doing so, the research finds that they miscalculate the cost of cultivation and that is why they perceive the profit margin to be higher. The kinds of cost that they do not calculate include family labour, depreciation charge, interest on capital, the rental value of owned land, and others. Another cause for exaggerated profit is that farmers include income from paddy business as return from agriculture.