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Journal articles on the topic 'Mining engineering Rock mechanics'
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1
Li, Hai Gang, Zhi Jun Yang, and Tong Lin Han. "Study on the Rockmass Instability of Open-Pit Mine by Block Theory and Numerical Simulation Methods." Applied Mechanics and Materials 353-356 (August 2013): 1077–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.353-356.1077.
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On the background of rock masses and field engineering geology of a mine, the feature of rock mechanics and rock mass structure of surrounding rock at mining district are analyzed. Based on the finite difference theory and block theory, FLAC3D program (Fast Lagrangian Analysis for Continuum), rock mechanic and rock mass structure results are used to construct the finite difference mechanical model, which reflected the surrounding rock stability when mining. By the numerical simulation, the mechanical effect is studied by the process of mining and its results can be used to produce some theory and actual basis.
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Zhao, Kang, Shuijie Gu, Yajing Yan, Qiang Li, Wanqi Xiao, and Guoqing Liu. "Rock Mechanics Characteristics Test and Optimization of High-Efficiency Mining in Dajishan Tungsten Mine." Geofluids 2018 (August 13, 2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8036540.
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Rock mechanics test is not only the basis for obtaining the mechanical parameters of rock but also an important means for studying rock mechanics and engineering. In this paper, the uniaxial compression deformation test, Brazilian splitting test, and cornea pressure shear test are carried out for rocks in the Dajishan tungsten mine. The basic mechanical parameters such as uniaxial compressive strength, tensile strength, elastic modulus, Poisson’s ratio, and internal friction angle of ore rock and surrounding rock are obtained. Meanwhile, damage characteristics of rock are deeply studied and analyzed under different experimental conditions. According to rock mechanics parameters which are obtained from indoor rock mechanics tests, three design schemes of stope structure parameters are optimized by using the FLAC3D numerical simulation software. On the premise of ensuring the stability of the stope structure, the recovery rate of ore and the production capacity of the stope are taken into consideration. It is suggested that the second scheme should be adopted for mines (18 m for ore room and 7 m for ore pillar), which provides scientific guidance for the safe and efficient mining of mines.
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He, Manchao, Qi Wang, and Qunying Wu. "Innovation and future of mining rock mechanics." Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 13, no. 1 (February 2021): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jrmge.2020.11.005.
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E.T.B. "Rock mechanics design in mining and tunneling." International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts 22, no. 3 (June 1985): 193–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0148-9062(85)93235-8.
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Szwedzicki, T. "Rock mechanics in underground mining in Zimbabwe." International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts 27, no. 2 (April 1990): A124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0148-9062(90)95344-z.
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Johnson, J. C., and S. A. Orr. "Rock mechanics applied to shaft pillar mining." International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts 28, no. 6 (November 1991): A394. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0148-9062(91)91632-2.
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Zhang, Zhi Zeng, Jin Hu Zhang, Dong Qi Hou, and Xiao Peng Chen. "Displacement Analytic Solution of a Deep Elliptical Tunnel in Transversely Isotropic Rock Mass." Advanced Materials Research 402 (November 2011): 593–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.402.593.
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Sedimentary rocks with layered structure account for two third of global land area, and this proportion is 77.3% in China, lots of metamorphic rocks also have significant features of layered structure, so there are a large number of stability problems about layered rock mass in mining engineering. Layered rock mass is generally considered to be transversely isotropic solid in mechanics. Based on the complex variable expression of displacement components of transversely isotropy, the displacement analytical solution of a deep elliptical tunnel in transversely isotropic rock mass is derived by conformal mapping method.
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Wen, Zhi Jie, Lian Jun Chen, Xiao Dong Zhao, and Chuan Zhang. "Research Foundation of Rock-Burst Hazard Control for Mining Pattern with No Pillar." Advanced Materials Research 156-157 (October 2010): 207–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.156-157.207.
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In order to effectively prevent the rock burst occurrence for mining patter with no pillar, the reason and its realization condition of rock burst were studied; the stope structure mechanics model with working face mining was built; four phases of rock burst occurrence with mining were proposed; the relationship between rock burst occurrence and abutment pressure law of development was analyzed, time-space coupling relationship of rock burst and its relevant information for rock burst control were obtained.
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Shi, Longqing, and Dongjing Xu. "Effects of Flaw Geometry on the Fracturing Behavior of Rock-Like Materials Containing Two Arch-Like Parallelogram Flaws." Advances in Civil Engineering 2020 (December 5, 2020): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/4814506.
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To increase understanding of the strength and failure mechanism of rocks with arch-like fractures generated in the overlying strata above a gob during coal mining, a series of uniaxial compression tests on rock-like specimens containing two preexisting parallelogram flaws at inclination angles varying from 45° to 75° were made using a rock mechanics servocontrolled testing system. Based on the experimental results, the effects of the inclination angles of two flaws having the same area on the mechanical parameters and fracturing process of the specimens were analyzed in detail. By adopting photographic monitoring, the crack initiation, propagation, coalescence, and failure modes in rock-like specimens were observed and characterized. The crack initiation stress and the second initiation stress were distinctly related to the flaw inclination angles, although the crack initiation stress presented a change trend generally similar to that of the crack second initiation stress with increasing flaw angle. Four modes of ultimate macroscopic failure morphology and the crack coalescence and failure modes of three types could be summarized. The research reported here could provide some theoretical support for the arch-like fracture evolution in the overburden during the excavation in underground engineering, especially in coal mining engineering.
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Luo, Tao, Yong Tao Gao, and Hong Jian Lu. "Study on the Stress Concentration Law and Impacting Disasters in Roadway of Some Mine." Advanced Materials Research 791-793 (September 2013): 1550–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.791-793.1550.
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The impact disasters of rock burst and pressure bump are common problems of underground construction and deep mining [1-. This paper selected the typical mine based on the work of field crustal stress measurement, indoor rock mechanical experiment, parameter calculation, numerical analysis and field disaster investigation, etc,. Deeply analysed the basic types and potential laws of possible impact disaster after a mines main tunnel excavation based on the study idea of experimental rock mechanics and computational rock mechanics co-ordination and additional verification.
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Jiao, Zhenhua, Qiupeng Yuan, Peng Zou, and Benjun Shi. "Case Study of the Characteristics and Mechanism of Rock Burst near Fault in Yima Coalfield, China." Shock and Vibration 2021 (July 2, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9950273.
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Deep mining near faults may easily cause rock bursts, which seriously threaten mining safety. Based on the engineering background of deep mining near fault in Yima coalfield, by collecting the rock burst events that happened near fault during deep mining, the correlation between fault structure and time-space features of rock burst was analyzed. The results show that the deep rock burst accounts for 84% in Yima coalfield at 600 m and 93% in the mining area within 1000 m from F16 fault. The risk of rock burst is positively correlated with mining depth and negatively correlated with the distance between mining area and F16 fault, and the frequency and intensity of rock burst near F16 fault increase significantly. Rock burst occurs in high stress concentration area, mainly in roadway, releasing energy level of 1.1 × 104 J–3.5 × 108 J, with impact damage range of 60–500 m. The mechanism of rock burst was explained from the view of the distribution of mining stress in surrounding rock. The stress of coal seam in deep mining near fault increases, and the disturbance effect of fault is obvious. Rock burst is easy to be induced under static and dynamic loads. The occurrence and mechanical characteristics of fault have different effects on rock burst and should be considered when evaluating the risk of rock burst.
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Lan, Tianwei, Jiawei Sun, А. S. Batugin, Wenqi Zhao, Mancang Zhang, Weidong Jia, and Zhijia Zhang. "Dynamic Characteristics of Fault Structure and Its Controlling Impact on Rock Burst in Mines." Shock and Vibration 2021 (July 12, 2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/7954876.
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As one of the most serious shock dynamic disasters in coal mining, rock burst only occurs under the certain geodynamic environment. Geodynamic is the necessary requirement for the occurrence of rock burst, and the disturbance of mining engineering is the sufficient requirement. In terms of the fault structure, the method of geodynamic zoning is used to classify fault structure forms of rock burst in mines, and a model of geological structure is established to reveal the connection between fault structure and mine engineering. Besides, the influence of fault structure on rock burst is analyzed, and the controlling mechanism of the fault structure on the tectonic evolution of the mine area and the occurrence of rock burst is revealed. This research provides a treatment plan for the prediction and prevention of rock burst and guides the safe production in the coal mining engineering.
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Bieniawski, Z. T. "Reviving the mission of rock mechanics teaching in mining and civil engineering." International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts 31, no. 2 (April 1994): 135–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0148-9062(94)92803-7.
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Chen, Liang, Shaowu Fan, Can Zhao, Lang Zhang, and Zhiheng Cheng. "Calculation Method of Overburden Damage Height Based on Fracture Mechanics Analysis of Soft and Hard Rock Layers." Geofluids 2019 (February 27, 2019): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/3790264.
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Under the geological condition of soft and hard rock interaction stratum, the overburden damage height can provide a quantitative support for the design of the locations of gas drainage boreholes in the roof mining fracture zone and the determination of the hydraulic fracture zone in coal seam mining. The interbedded structure of overlying mud rock and sandstone in the Lu’an mining area in Shanxi is a typical soft and hard rock interaction stratum. In view of the lack of soft rock fracture mechanics analysis and the improper calculation of the damage height of overburden rock caused by constant rock residual bulking coefficient to be used regularly in the analysis, in this paper, we constructed a fracture model of soft and hard strata by giving a quantitative classification criterion of soft and hard rocks and introducing a fracture failure criterion of soft rock strata and the space constraint condition of broken-expansion rock formation. Aiming at improving the calculation precision of overburden damage height, we presented a calculation method based on fracture mechanics analysis of soft and hard strata, which could delineate the extent of intact rock in overlying strata from bottom to top to determine the damage height of overburden rock. This research took Yuwu coal mine in Lu’an mining area as an example. Results showed that (1) by the calculation method, the overburden damage height of the N1102 fully mechanized caving face in Yuwu coal mine was 51.44 m, which was less than the value obtained by an actual borehole TV method as well as the numerical simulation result of 53.46 m, with a calculation accuracy about 96.22%, which is quite high for both. The calculation accuracy of the proposed method was higher than that of the three conventional theoretical methods, and it effectively solved the limitation of the fracture analysis method without the inclusion of the soft rock layer in design and the distortion problem due to the residual bulking coefficient to be improperly used in simulation. (2) There was no noticeable fractures in the broken soft rock zone, and the whole fractures were mainly low-angle rupture; the fractures in hard rock layer had obvious ruptures and multiangle cracks, and the average fracture width of soft rock was 2.8 mm smaller than that of hard rock. The fracture modes of soft rock and hard rock were mainly tensile failure and tensile shear failure, which verified the correctness of the fracture mechanics model of soft and hard rock layers constructed in this paper. (3) It is noticed that the tensile strength of rock in this method needs to be obtained through rock mechanics experiment on overlying strata in the study area, and our proposed method was applicable to the mining conditions of near horizontal coal seam. The calculation accuracy of this method meets the engineering error requirements and can be applied to the prediction of overburden damage height in near horizontal coal seam mining.
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Xu, Tao, and Chun An Tang. "Modeling of Stress-Induced Permeability Evolution and Damage of Rock." Advanced Materials Research 33-37 (March 2008): 609–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.33-37.609.
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Rock permeability is important in civil and geo-hydraulic engineering, the mining and petroleum industries, and in environmental and engineering geology. In this paper, considering the mutual hydro-mechanical response between stress-induced permeability and damage, a coupled mathematical model for solid deformation and gas flow in the coal or rock was established and an attempt is made to investigate the rock permeability evolution, fracture patterns, and flow vectors in rock samples at the scale of usual laboratory samples as well as the relation between permeability and stress induced damage in connection with the complete strain-stress process of loaded rocks. Numerical simulations show that the permeability of rock was not constant, closely related to the state of stress, but varied with the stress and strain states in the rocks. Microcracking, resulting from the concentration of stress on relatively weak rock elements, triggers successive crack initiation and propagation that in turn leads to permeability enhancement. Prior to the peak strength, the permeability decreases with increasing load. A dramatic increase in permeability occurs in the post-peak stress-strain region due to the catastrophic collapse of microstructure in rock. Moreover, the permeability of rock in post-peak stress-strain region is much higher that that of in pre-peak region. Such intensive studies of gas flow in stressed heterogeneous rocks are useful as initial approaches to many engineering problems in mining and petroleum industries.
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Li, Jianan, Heping Xie, Ling Chen, Cong Li, and Zhiqiang He. "Exploring Deep-Rock Mechanics through Mechanical Analysis of Hard-Rock In Situ Coring System." Advances in Civil Engineering 2020 (September 7, 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8899156.
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Exploration of deep-rock mechanics has a significant influence on the techniques of mining and rock mechanics. Rock coring technique is the basic method for all rock mechanics study. With the increase of the drilling depth and increasing strength of the hard rock, how to obtain high-quality rock core through various coring techniques is an eternal work. Here an innovative method is applied to design the new coring system to maximize the efficiency of operation. The stress conditions or parameters of rock core in the coring are analyzed, and the mechanism of the core with in situ stress is shown in this paper. The conflict of the core and coring tool chamber is proposed for the innovative design. The innovative design method is fulfilled by the theory of inventive problem solving (TRIZ). An improved coring system for the full-length core with in situ stress was obtained with the solutions of improved coring mechanism, cutting mechanism, and spiral drill pipe.
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Morgenstern, N. R., A. E. Fair, and E. C. McRoberts. "Geotechnical engineering beyond soil mechanics—a case study." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 25, no. 4 (November 1, 1988): 637–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t88-076.
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Geotechnical engineering embraces soil mechanics, rock mechanics, and engineering geology. In practice it employs a wide variety of techniques ranging from site mapping and characterization to advanced theoretical analysis and performance monitoring. This paper draws on the development of the Alberta oil sands as a case study to illustrate the breadth of application of geotechnical engineering in large-scale resource developments.A description of the resource base and common extractive procedures used in the Alberta oil sands is given. The geological setting and geotechnical characterization of the Athabasca deposit are summarized. Detailed discussions are presented on geotechnical contributions to surface mining and slope stability, waste handling and tailings dam construction, and in situ recovery processes. The substantial opportunities for geotechnical engineering to contribute to both safe and economical operations in the extractive industries are emphasized. Key words: oil sands, mining, slope stability, monitoring, dredging, shear strength, tailings dam, overburden, liquefaction, pore pressures, geotechnical engineering.
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Fettweis, G. B. L. "Plea for Geo-mining Conditions including mining rock mechanics as a main part of the science of mining engineering." BHM Berg- und Hüttenmännische Monatshefte 150, no. 10 (October 2005): 341–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03166822.
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Qi, Fuzhou, Dangwei Yang, Yuguo Zhang, and Yuxi Hao. "Analysis of Failure Mechanism of Roadway Surrounding Rock under Thick Coal Seam Strong Mining Disturbance." Shock and Vibration 2021 (June 17, 2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9940667.
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Severe dynamic disturbance in extrathick coal seam mining has become one of the main factors threatening the stability of roadway surrounding rock. In this article, the #6 thick coal seam of Buliangou mine in Inner Mongolia, China, is taken as the engineering background. A mechanical model of the roadway roof structure is established to obtain an analytic formula of the key block subsidence. A three-dimensional discrete element model is established and used to verify the field measurement results. The fracture characteristics of the main roof above the F6104 transport roadway and the deformation and damage evolution law of the surrounding rock during thick coal seam mining are analyzed. The results show that because of the long-term breaking and falling of the roof rocks during extrathick coal seam mining, the F6104 transport roadway will undergo two severe mining disturbances at the locations of 10∼30 m and 50∼70 m ahead of the F6103 working face. During the two disturbance periods, the roadway roof displacement settles to 300∼350 mm and 750∼800 mm, and the deformation of the solid coal wall reaches 650∼700 mm and 1350∼1450 mm, respectively. The energy change curve of the total length of the fractured key roof is obtained, and when mining at 50 m, the basic roof is close to its tensile strength, and the strain energy can reach the peak value of 5.2 × 10 4 kJ, which easily leads to rock burst. The plastic damage zones on both sides of the roadway develop to the roof central area and eventually coalesce, and the deformation of the surrounding rock is obvious. When mining at 50∼70 m, the basic roof breaks and unloads, and elastic strain energy of 3.57 × 10 4 kJ is instantaneously released. These two dynamic disturbances are the main reasons for the instability of the roadway surrounding rock. The results clarify that the failure mechanism investigation of roadways in thick coal seam mining conditions can be effectively applied to control the stability of the roadway surrounding rock under strong mining disturbance.
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Fuxing, Xie. "Control of Gob-Side Roadway with Large Mining Height in Inclined Thick Coal Seam: A Case Study." Shock and Vibration 2021 (March 3, 2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6687244.
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The gob-side roadway of 130205, a large-mining-height working face in the Yangchangwan coal mine, was investigated in terms of the mine pressure law and support technology for large mining heights and narrow coal pillars for mining roadways. The research included field investigations, theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, field tests, and other methods. This paper analyzes the form of movement for overlying rock structure in a gob-side entry with a large mining height and summarizes the stress state and deformation failure characteristics of the surrounding rock. The failure mechanism of the surrounding rock of the gob-side roadway and controllable engineering factors causing deformation were analyzed. FLAC3D numerical simulation software was used to explore the influence law of coal pillar width, working face mining height, and mining intensity on the stability of the surrounding rock of the gob-side roadway. Ensuring the integrity of the coal pillar, improving the coordination of the system, and using asymmetric support structures as the core support concept are proposed. A reasonably designed support scheme for the gob-side roadway of the working face for 130205 was conducted, and a desirable engineering effect was obtained through field practice verification.
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Davarpanah, M., G. Somodi, L. Kovács, and B. Vásárhelyi. "Complex analysis of uniaxial compressive tests of the Mórágy granitic rock formation (Hungary)." Studia Geotechnica et Mechanica 41, no. 1 (April 12, 2019): 21–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sgem-2019-0010.
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AbstractUnderstanding the quality of intact rock is one of the most important parts of any engineering projects in the field of rock mechanics. The expression of correlations between the engineering properties of intact rock has always been the scope of experimental research, driven by the need to depict the actual behaviour of rock and to calculate most accurately the design parameters. To determine the behaviour of intact rock, the value of important mechanical parameters such as Young’s modulus (E), Poisson’s ratio (ν) and the strength of rock (σcd) was calculated. Recently, for modelling the behaviour of intact rock, the crack initiation stress (σci) is another important parameter, together with the strain (σ). The ratio of Young’s modulus and the strength of rock is the modulus ratio (MR), which can be used for calculations. These parameters are extensively used in rock engineering when the deformation of different structural elements of underground storage, caverns, tunnels or mining opening must be computed. The objective of this paper is to investigate the relationship between these parameters for Hungarian granitic rock samples. To achieve this goal, the modulus ratio (MR = E/σc) of 50 granitic rocks collected from Bátaapáti radioactive waste repository was examined. Fifty high-precision uniaxial compressive tests were conducted on strong (σc >100 MPa) rock samples, exhibiting the wide range of elastic modulus (E = 57.425–88.937 GPa), uniaxial compressive strength (σc = 133.34–213.04 MPa) and Poisson’s ratio (ν = 0.18–0.32). The observed value (MR = 326–597) and mean value of MR = 439.4 are compared with the results of similar previous researches. Moreover, the statistical analysis for all studied rocks was performed and the relationshipbetween MR and other mechanical parameters such as maximum axial strain $\left( {{\varepsilon }_{\text{a,}\,\text{max}}} \right)$for studied rocks was discussed.
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Wu, Zhigang, and Wen Zhou Li. "Surrounding Rock Convergence Rule along the Working Face Tendency of Recovery Room." Advanced Materials Research 962-965 (June 2014): 352–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.962-965.352.
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Recovery room could ensure the returning safety of working face equipment, improve mining and moving speed efficiency. Surrounding rock of working face will be distributed after recovery room driving, surrounding rock convergence drastically, and mining influence surrounding rock of recovery room also. Stress distribution around recovery room complex. Surrounding rock deformation rule along tendency of working face was studied by filed measurement in Sihe cola mine of the Jincheng coal district in China. It reveals surrounding rock deformation mechanics during coal pillar of working face through.
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Wang, Shuli, Guangli Zhu, Kaizhi Zhang, and Lei Yang. "Study on Characteristics of Mining Earthquake in Multicoal Seam Mining under Thick and Hard Strata in High Position." Shock and Vibration 2021 (March 3, 2021): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6675089.
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Rock burst has become one of the most serious world’s problems in coal resources mining, and fracture and movement of thick and hard strata in high position is the main reason to induce strong mining earthquake and rock burst. Multicoal seam mining of 10302 working face in Baodian coal mine is selected as an engineering background, which has thick and hard strata in high position. Using SOS microseismic monitoring system to collect microseismic events and date during multicoal seam mining, characteristic and difference of microseismic in multicoal seam mining under thick and hard rock in high position is analyzed systematically. The main research work is as follows: reveal temporal and spatial distribution and evolution law of microseismic and analyze difference and correlation of microseismic in multicoal mining under thick and hard strata in high position, especially the relationship between mining earthquake with high energy and fracture and movement of thick and hard strata in high position. With the characteristics of microseismic, rock burst mechanism and difference induced by thick and hard strata in high position are discussed. The research and achievement could make guidance to multicoal seam mining safety under thick and hard strata in high position.
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Li, Lei, and Feng zhang. "Instability Model of a Coal Wall with Large Mining Height under Excavation Unloading Conditions." Advances in Civil Engineering 2020 (November 11, 2020): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8863602.
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On the basis of the stress field characteristics of surrounding rocks at a coal wall on a working face with a large mining height, the theories of unloading rock mass mechanics and fracture mechanics were used to establish a model of the excavation unloading field effect of the coal wall, and its instability mechanism under the action of unloading stress field was analyzed. Results show that the coal mining process is the unloading process of coal and rock masses, and the stress field of surrounding rocks at the coal wall turns into an unloading stress field that consists of original and unloading stresses. Under the action of unloading stress field, cracks in the coal wall will undergo instability, propagation, and combination in the form of composite-type cracks and will gradually evolve into a wedge structure. The wedge stability is inversely related to roof pressure P 0 , unloading force T , and intersection angle φ of structural planes. Elevating the wall-supporting force P h , the initial supporting force of supports on the working face and the cohesion C of coal body can effectively control the occurrence of coal wall caving accidents and contribute to the safe mining of working faces with a large mining height.
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Shi, Ben Qiang, and Jie Zhang. "Key Protecting Strata Criterion of Water Conservation Mining and its Application." Advanced Materials Research 671-674 (March 2013): 2621–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.671-674.2621.
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The entironment is deteriorating increasingly in north of Shaanxi Yushenfu mine with coal mining cosmically. The causation is the lapse of groundwater owing to mining. Water conservation mining has been the exigent request. Aiming at the need of water conversation mining in north of Shaanxi shallow seam mine, this article found key protecting strata criterion of water conservation mining according as the moving law of overburden rock and the mechanics model of fixed beam. The water conservation mine method in different overburden rock mine was put forward with the condition of no destroying water protecting strata. The feasibility of the key protecting strata criterion was validated using the choice of water conservation mine method in two different overburden rock frame mine in north of Shaanxi shallow seam mine. At the time, validating the computational result applying similitude simulation test and numerical simulation. The key protecting criterion offers a theoretic computational method for the choice of water protecting mining in different overburden rock frame mine.
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Yuan, Haiping, Chenghao Chen, Zhongming He, and Yixian Wang. "Numerical Simulation of Fluid-Solid Coupling in Surrounding Rock for River Stope Mining." Shock and Vibration 2020 (April 29, 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9786182.
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Mining disturbance will induce further weakening of faults and rock bridges, improve rock mass permeability and, in serious cases, conduct surface rivers to cause disasters. A numerical calculation model of river-fault in the mining area is established. Based on the fluid-solid coupling theory of rock mass, the influence of mining disturbance on the development and evolution process of rock bridge rupture and river-fault-stope potential seepage channel is simulated and calculated. Research studies show that under the disturbance of ore body mining, it is possible to form a channel from the river to fault to seepage and drainage in the stope. The disturbance of ore body mining has no great adverse effect on the stability of the rock mass at the top of F2 fault. The rock mass damage caused by mining is only distributed in local areas, and the rock bridge between the river, fault, and stope is not completely connected. The fracture of mining rock mass leads to the increase in permeability of rock mass, and seepage tends to spread in the direction of the fault, but there is no obvious through drainage channel from surface water to the stope. The results of research provide technical guidance for the mine to use the filling mining method after the river does not change the road safety and reliability certification and can also provide reference for similar mines.
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WU, JINSUI, JIANCHAO CAI, DONGYUN ZHAO, and XUEXI CHEN. "AN ANALYSIS OF MINE WATER INRUSH BASED ON FRACTAL AND NON-DARCY SEEPAGE THEORY." Fractals 22, no. 03 (September 2014): 1440008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218348x14400088.
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Mining rock mechanics is a new cross subject of mechanics and mining engineering, the seepage theory is one of the important research directions. This paper combines Wu-fractal/Ergun high-speed flow theory and dynamic system instability, reveals the influence factors of mine water inrush. Research shows that: Mine water inrush related to rock porosity, particle size, shape, fractal dimension, ratio of pore and throat, and other factors. Compared the critical Reynolds number which are got from Wu-fractal model and Ergun equation, Wu-fractal model can reveal more influence factors of mine water inrush than Ergun equation.
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Wan, Feng, Hongqing Zhang, Peijun Zhou, and Jie Guo. "Determination of Water-Proof Coal (Rock) Pillar Height in Mining Coal Seam Group under Water-Bearing Rock Stratum." Shock and Vibration 2021 (February 15, 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6699726.
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In order to determine the reasonable height of water-proof coal (rock) pillar when mining multiple coal seams under aquifer, this paper analyzes the expansion height of water-conducting fracture zone when coal seams mining. Considering the expansion law of water-conducting fracture zone in coal seams mining, two schemes of coal seams mining in upper and lower groups and one-time mining of all coal seams are designed for comparative analysis, and the height of water-proof coal (rock) pillar is determined based on the expansion height of water-conducting fracture zone. The results show that the height of water-proof coal (rock) pillar is calculated as 91.08 m when mining upper and lower groups and 105.46 m when mining all coal seams at the same time. According to UDEC numerical simulation results, the height of water-proof coal (rock) pillar is 56.08 m when mining upper and lower groups and 86.36 m when mining all coal seams at the same time. Comparing the results of theoretical calculation and numerical analysis, the maximum value is selected as the final result, and the reasonable water-proof coal (rock) pillar height is determined to be 105.46 m.
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Zheng, Huaiguo, Qingxiang Cai, Wei Zhou, Xiang Lu, Ming Li, Chongchong Qi, Izhar Mithal Jiskani, and Yu Zhang. "Creep Behaviours of Argillaceous Sandstone: An Experimental and Modelling Study." Applied Sciences 10, no. 21 (October 28, 2020): 7602. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10217602.
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Understanding the creep behaviours of rocks is essential for the long-term stability of underground excavations in mining engineering. Creep behaviours are more important when the mining depth is greater, which leads to the emergence of weak rock masses and high in situ stresses. In this study, the creep behaviours of argillaceous sandstone (AS) were systematically investigated. For the experimental investigation, creep tests were conducted on AS with different confining pressures (3, 6, 9, 12, 15, and 18 MPa) using an MTS815.02 rock mechanics test system. The mechanical characteristics of AS were analysed. For the numerical study, a nonlinear creep model of AS under equal and different confining pressures was established based on rock creep theory and plastic theory. The results showed that confining pressure could effectively improve the creep failure strength of AS, accelerating its creep deformation rate and process and reducing the final expansion volume. The nonlinear creep model was embedded in the FLAC3D software, and the experimental and numerical results agreed well. The experimental investigation and proposed creep model can provide important guidance in underground mines for safe long-term stability of underground excavations.
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Lan, Tianwei, Chaojun Fan, Jun Han, Hongwei Zhang, and Jiawei Sun. "Controlling Mechanism of Rock Burst by CO2 Fracturing Blasting Based on Rock Burst System." Shock and Vibration 2020 (August 27, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8876905.
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Rock burst induced by mining is one of the most serious dynamic disasters in the process of coal mining. The mechanism of a rock burst is similar to that of a natural earthquake. It is difficult to accurately predict the “time, space, and strength” of rock burst, but the possibility of rock burst can be predicted based on the results of microseismic monitoring. In this paper, the rock burst system under the tectonic stress field is established based on the practice of coal mining and the result of mine ground crustal stress measurement. According to the magnitude of microseismic monitoring, the amount of the energy and spatial position of the rock burst are determined. Based on the theory of explosion mechanics, aiming at the prevention and control of rock burst in the coal mine, the technique of liquid CO2 fracturing blasting is put forward. By the experiment of blasting mechanics, the blasting parameters are determined, and the controlling mechanism of rock burst of liquid CO2 fracturing blasting is revealed. The application of liquid CO2 fissure blasting technology in the prevention and control of rock burst in Jixian Coal Mine shows that CO2 fracturing blasting reduces the stress concentration of the rock burst system and transfers energy to the deeper part, and there is no open fire in the blasting. It is a new, safe, and efficient method to prevent and control rock burst, which can be applied widely.
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Yang, Zhengkai, Zhiheng Cheng, Zhenhua Li, Chunyuan Li, Lei Wang, Shuaifeng Yin, and Jinhu Zhang. "Movement Laws of Overlying Strata above a Fully Mechanized Coal Mining Face Backfilled with Gangue: A Case Study in Jiulishan Coal Mine in Henan Province, China." Advances in Civil Engineering 2021 (May 22, 2021): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9939886.
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The aim of this study is to obtain movement laws of overlying strata above a fully mechanized coal mining face backfilled with gangue and solve the problem of surface subsidence during coal mining. This study was carried out based on gangue backfilling mining of Jiulishan Coal Mine (Jiaozuo City, Henan Province, China) from the perspectives of deformation of backfilled gangue under compaction, surrounding rock of a stope, and activities of key strata. The method combining with rock mechanics, viscoelastic mechanics, control theory of rock mass under mining, and numerical simulation was used based on physical and mechanical characteristics of backfilled gangue. On this basis, the research analyzed the temporal-spatial relationships of activities of surrounding rock of the stope, compressive deformation of backfilling body, failure depth of the floor, deformation characteristics of the main roof with laws of surface subsidence. The movement characteristics of overlying strata above the fully mechanized coal mining face backfilled with gangue and the traditional fully mechanized mining face were compared. It is found that, under the same conditions of overlying strata, movement laws of overlying strata are mainly determined by the mining height of coal seams and the heights of a caving zone and a fracture zone are nearly linearly correlated with the mining height. Through analysis based on thin-plate theory and key stratum theory, the location of the main roof of the fully mechanized coal mining face backfilled with gangue in coal seams first bending and sinking due to load of overlying strata was ascertained. Then, it was determined that there are two key strata and the main roof belongs to the inferior key stratum. By using the established mechanical model for the main roof of the fully mechanized coal mining face backfilled with gangue and the calculation formula for the maximum deflection of the main roof, this research presented the conditions for breaking of the main roof. In addition, based on the theoretical analysis, it is concluded that the main roof of the fully mechanized coal mining face backfilled with gangue does not break, but bends. The numerical simulation results demonstrate that, with the continuous increase of strength of backfilled gangue, the stress concentration degree of surrounding rock reduces constantly, so does its decrease amplitude. Moreover, the compressive deformation of backfilling, failure depth of the floor, and bending and subsidence of the main roof continuously decrease and tend to be stable. The mechanical properties of backfilling materials determine effects of gangue backfilling in controlling surface subsidence. Gangue backfilling can effectively control movement of overlying strata and surface subsidence tends to be stable with the increase of elastic modulus of gangue.
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Zhu, Qiankun, Xingdong Zhao, and Erik Westman. "Review of the Evolution of Mining-Induced Stress and the Failure Characteristics of Surrounding Rock Based on Microseismic Tomography." Shock and Vibration 2021 (September 16, 2021): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/2154857.
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With the gradual depletion of shallow resources, deep mining has become an inevitable trend and has become an important part of the world mining industry. The high stress concentration caused by redistribution of original stress field will lead to stress-driven failure of surrounding rock; conventional methods, such as point-location stress measurement, analytical analysis, numerical simulation, and physical modeling, are not able to completely reflect the distribution and evolution characteristics of the mining-induced stress field in real time and at mine scale, so it is difficult to fully understand, control, and prevent mining-induced injuries and fatalities. In the past decades, microseismic monitoring technology, velocity tomography, numerical simulation, and laboratory test technology have been successfully applied to better understand mining-induced stress and rock mass failures. The combination of these methods has led to innovative ways to investigate the mining-induced stress field, surrounding rock failure, and hazard prevention. This review focuses on the mining-induced stress and velocity tomography based on microseismic monitoring data. Research progress in analysis and measurement methods of mining-induced stress, rock mechanics for mining, and velocity tomography practices are presented.
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Wang, Zhong Chang. "Study of Deformation and Breakage Characters in Coal Seam Floor under the Condition of Mining." Advanced Materials Research 160-162 (November 2010): 256–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.160-162.256.
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The water bursting disaster from the floor of mine is a complicated program involving several of subjects such as geology, coal mining, rock hydraulics and rock crack mechanics. In the paper, the two dimensional non-linear solid-fluid coupling model is used to study the difference of the water-holding capacity of the different floor combination under the condition of mining. The mini damage rock layer combination is obtained by analyzing the failure extent of floor under the mining pressure and water pressure. The water resisting capacity of the combination of b is the worst. The water resisting capacity of the combination of c is the best.
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Nan, Jia, Cheng Liu, and Yi Liu. "A Predictive Model of Mining Collapse Extent and Its Application." Advances in Civil Engineering 2019 (March 4, 2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/5184287.
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To reveal the mechanical behavior mechanism of collapse and to control risks effectively, the instability extent of the collapse area was established through theoretical mechanics and numerical methods, taking one metal mine as a case study; on this basis, a routine reinforcement program was determined, and the effect of the program was evaluated. The results show the following. (1) Analytical formulas of the critical slip angle and the collapse height of the ore body were derived by the mechanics method, and the rock mechanics parameters were obtained by field coring and physical and mechanical experiments. The slipping line angle increases along with uniform force Q and is inversely proportional to the bending stiffness. Meanwhile, the calculation formula for the maximum subsidence of ore body was deduced. (2) Numerical results can be used to determine the basic form of the collapse area, and a “U-shaped” collapse area formed when a plastic area passed completely through, resulting in the overall destruction. (3) The grouting reinforcement program includes “determining the instability region ⟶ roadway temporary support ⟶ improve the water environment and surrounding rock bearing capacity ⟶ mining planning” which were determined on the basis of prediction. (4) The hierarchical structure of the rock body and filling were improved combined with the Delphi method, and the grouting effect evaluation model was constructed and verified using the improved FD-AHP method; the evaluation value indicating that the grouting reinforcement improved the bearing capacity of ore body and filling body in collapse area. The research results provide systematic reference and technical support for the analysis of stope collapse mechanism, prediction of hidden trouble, and the subsequent mining.
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Fu, Baojie, Hualei Zhang, Min Tu, and Xiangyang Zhang. "Deformation and Stress Distribution of the Effective Water-Resisting Rock Beam under Water-Rock Coupling Action inside the Panel Floor." Advances in Civil Engineering 2018 (October 17, 2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2157097.
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The stability of panel floor, which is above confined water, is the key to determine the water inrush from the panel floor. Based on the characteristics of “lower three zones” of the panel floor, the mechanics analysis model of a floor water-resisting rock beam is established. Then, by the principle of virtual work and energy functional variational conditions, the trends of deflection and internal stress are researched in the effective water-resisting rock beam under the combined action of mining stress and water pressure. And how to determine its stability is acquired. According to the geological and mining conditions of A3 coal seam in Panxie mining area of Huainan Mining Group, three factors influencing on the stability of the floor rock beam are analyzed, such as elastic modulus, coefficient of viscosity, and water pressure. It is shown that the elastic modulus plays the most important role on the deformation of the rock beam. So, for improving the mechanical properties of the rock beam, the reinforcing floor technique has been proposed. On the one hand, it is contributed to improve the ability for resisting floor deformation. On the other hand, it can increase the coefficient of rock viscosity in water damage zones and reduce the speeds of loading and deformation in the whole rock beam. Hydrophobic decompression can effectively reduce the stress on the boundary of the rock beam, and the stability is enhanced. The research results have a guiding significance for determining whether there are water inrush risks in the panel above the confined aquifer.
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Shi, Dongping, Chengyu Xie, and Lichun Xiong. "Changes in the Structures and Directions of Rock Excavation Research from 1999 to 2020: A Bibliometric Study." Advances in Civil Engineering 2021 (September 11, 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9274918.
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Rock excavation has been the hot spot and frontier of scientific research. Rock excavation research is in a period of rapid development. The bibliographies included in ISI Web of Knowledge database from 1999–2020 were used as data samples, and the collected data were analyzed by literature co-citation and cluster analysis using CiteSpace and VOSviewer information visualization techniques and dynamic network analysis tools. A knowledge map of the evolution of bibliometric research development is drawn to reveal the representative literature in the field of bibliometrics. The hot areas of bibliometric research are introduced. The development trend of bibliometrics is proposed. The results of the study show that the amount of the literature on rock excavation is growing rapidly. A large amount of the foreign literature is available in China, the United States, Australia, Canada, France, and other countries. The main included journals are Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, “Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering,” “Engineering Geology,” and “Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment.” Keyword co-occurrence analysis includes the following contents: rock damage constitutive model, excavation damage area, numerical simulation, stability analysis support, and prediction technology of rock.
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Mazhitov, A. M. "Assessment of the extent of man-induced transformation of a subsoil block in upward mining using ore and host rock caving." Mining Industry Journal (Gornay Promishlennost), no. 4/2021 (August 25, 2021): 113–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.30686/16099192-2021-4-113-118.
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The study provides a geomechanical assessment of the man-induced transformation of the 1st block at the Kamaganskoye deposit when the mining system is changed to sub-level caving of the ore and host rocks with no possibility of changing the order of reserve extraction. The relevance of the research results from detailed exploration activities that revealed changes in the ore body boundaries and a decrease in the ore grades. The possibility of partial mining of blocks in ore bodies No. 16 and 17 using the ore and host rock caving system has been assessed and the possibility of retaining the upward mining sequence has been established. The sequence of room mining is defined taking into account the changes in the ore body boundaries. The paper presents the results of assessing the stability of the undermined masses of ore bodies No. 16 and 17, as well as the stress-andstrain state of the rock mass at the assumed sequence of room mining. The results of mathematical modeling of the rock mass stress-and-strain state during room mining using the ore and host rocks caving system proved the technical feasibility of this solution.
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Tu, Min, Qingwei Bu, Baojie Fu, and Yu Wang. "Mechanical Analysis of Mining Stress Transfer on Isolated Island Face in Extra-Thick Fully Mechanized Top-Coal Caving Mining." Geofluids 2020 (September 8, 2020): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8834321.
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The mining spatial structure of isolated island face in extra-thick fully mechanized top-coal caving mining is unique, which leads to a complex mining stress distribution and serious safety hazards. In this study, combined with a specific engineering example, the mining stress distribution characteristics of isolated island face are expounded, and a bearing structural mechanical model of the continuous beam of overlying strata is established using elastic–plastic mechanics theory. The mechanical equations of the mining stress distribution and failure depth of coal–rock mass are then obtained. Comparison of theoretical calculation results with numerical simulation and field measurement results shows basically consistent stress distribution characteristics. The derived mechanical equations can provide an estimation method for the analysis of mining dynamics on isolated island face in extra-thick fully mechanized top-coal caving mining. The following conclusions are acquired. The coal–rock mass should bear not only the lateral mining superposition influence but also the advance mining influence in front of the coal wall, so the isolated island face is in the complex environment of multiple mining stress superposition. In the mining process, the maximum advance mining stress concentration factor is 4.0–6.0 and is located at the upper and lower ends of the isolated island face. The lateral mining failure depth of the coal wall of the isolated island face increases by 2.0–5.0 m under the influence of advance mining. Therefore, compared with the nonisolated island face, the mining pressure appearance is intense. The mining influence in the range of 20–30 m of the upper and lower ends is intense, and the mining stress in this area is characterized by “cone distribution.” This zone is an important hidden danger area with coal–rock mass mining instability on isolated island face, which requires special attention to avoid mining disasters. According to the analysis of the influencing mining factors and laws of isolated island face, it is concluded that the longer the isolated island face size is, the closer the goaf size on both sides of the isolated island face is, the smaller the coal seam buried depth is, the better the mechanical conditions of coal and rock medium are, and the smaller the mining height of coal seam is, the more favorable the safe mining of isolated island face is.
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Jing, Hong-di, Yuan-hui Li, and Kun-meng Li. "Study on the Deformation Mechanism of Soft Rock Roadway under Blasting Disturbance in Baoguo Iron Mine." Shock and Vibration 2018 (August 1, 2018): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/4349810.
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In order to study the deformation mechanism of soft rock roadway in underground mines, it is necessary not only to study the influence of the dynamic disturbance caused by the cyclic mining blasting vibration on the stability of the soft rock roadway but also to study the degradation of the roadway surrounding rock itself and other factors. The paper presented a synthetic research system to investigate the factors that influence roadway rock structure deterioration in Baoguo Iron Mine. Firstly, the stability of rock mass was analyzed from the perspective of the physical and structural characteristics of the rock mass. Afterwards, according to monitoring data of mining blasting vibration, a suitable safety blasting prediction model for Baoguo Iron Mine was determined. And then, combining the results of mining blasting vibration monitoring and deformation monitoring, the effect of cyclic mining blasting on the stability of the soft rock roadway was obtained. By systematically studying the intrinsic factors of rock quality degradation and external environmental disturbances and their interactions, this paper comprehensively explores the deformation mechanism of soft rock roadway and provides the support for fundamentally solving the large deformation problems of soft rock roadway in underground mines.
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Cheng, Liang, Yidong Zhang, Ming Ji, Mantang Cui, Kai Zhang, and Minglei Zhang. "Theoretical Calculation and Analysis on the Composite Rock-Bolt Bearing Structure in Burst-Prone Ground." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2015 (2015): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/434567.
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Given the increase in mining depth and intensity, tunnel failure as a result of rock burst has become an important issue in the field of mining engineering in China. Based on the Composite Rock-Bolt Bearing Structure, which is formed due to the interaction of the bolts driven into the surrounding rock, this paper analyzes a rock burst prevention mechanism, establishes a mechanical model in burst-prone ground, deduces the strength calculation formula of the Composite Rock-Bolt Bearing Structure in burst-prone ground, and confirms the rock burst prevention criterion of the Composite Rock-Bolt Bearing Structure. According to the rock burst prevention criterion, the amount of the influence on rock burst prevention ability from the surrounding rock parameters and bolt support parameters is discussed.
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Yan, Xi, Li Jun, Liu Gonghui, and Guo Xueli. "Mechanical Properties and Acoustic Emission Properties of Rocks with Different Transverse Scales." Shock and Vibration 2017 (2017): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/3853276.
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Since the stability of engineering rock masses has important practical significance to projects like mining, tunneling, and petroleum engineering, it is necessary to study mechanical properties and stability prediction methods for rocks, cementing materials that are composed of minerals in all shapes and sizes. Rocks will generate acoustic emission during damage failure processes, which is deemed as an effective means of monitoring the stability of coal rocks. In the meantime, actual mining and roadway surrounding rocks tend to have transverse effects; namely, the transverse scale is larger than the length scale. Therefore, it is important to explore mechanical properties and acoustic emission properties of rocks under transverse size effects. Considering the transverse scale effects of rocks, this paper employs the microparticle flow software PFC2D to explore the influence of different aspect ratios on damage mechanics and acoustic emission properties of rocks. The results show that (1) the transverse scale affects uniaxial compression strength of rocks. As the aspect ratio increases, uniaxial compression strength of rocks decreases initially and later increases, showing a V-shape structure and (2) although it affects the maximum hit rate and the strain range of acoustic emission, it has little influence on the period of occurrence. As the transverse scale increases, both damage degree and damage rate of rocks decrease initially and later increase.
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Cortés, Guillermo Ruperto Martín, Wildor Theodoro Hennies, Carlos Tadeu Lauand, and Francisco Rolando Valenzuela-Díaz. "Dimension Stone Cutting with AWJ Methods." Materials Science Forum 498-499 (November 2005): 482–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.498-499.482.
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The application of high-pressure abrasive water jets (AWJ) has evolved quickly in some fields of engineering. At Polytechnic School, University of São Paulo, one application has particular interest that is the cutting of friable materials, as rock and ceramics. The main aspect in this field is the cut at the beneficiation process of end product in dimension stone plates. How much the cut of plates, by different kind of AWJ methods, was the research of a PhD work of one of the authors. The abrasive water jet equipment, installed in the Laboratory of Rock Mechanics of the Mining and Petroleum Engineering Department, was used. Some fundamentals considerations regarding, the employed single and multiple passes methods of AWJ to cut rocks, are discussed.
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He, Rongxing, Jing Zhang, Yang Liu, Delin Song, and Fengyu Ren. "Determination of the Ultimate Underground Mining Depth considering the Effect of Granular Rock and the Range of Surface Caving." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2021 (March 5, 2021): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5576786.
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Continuous mining of metal deposits leads the overlying strata to move, deform, and collapse, which is particularly obvious when open-pit mining and underground mining are adjacent. Once the mining depth of the adjacent open-pit lags severely behind the underground, the ultimate underground mining depth needs to be studied before the surface deformation extends to the open-pit mining area. The numerical simulation and the mechanical model are applied to research the ultimate underground mining depth of the southeast mining area in the Gongchangling Iron mine. In the numerical simulation, the effect of granular rock is considered and the granular rock in the collapse pit is simplified as the degraded rock mass. The ultimate underground mining depth can be obtained by the values of the indicators of surface movement and deformation. In the mechanical model, the modified mechanical model for the progressive hanging wall caving is established based on Hoke’s conclusion, which considers the lateral pressure of the granular rock. Using the limiting equilibrium analysis, the relationship of the ultimate underground mining depth and the range of surface caving can be derived. The results show that the ultimate underground mining depth obtained by the numerical simulation is greater than the theoretical calculation of the modified mechanical model. The reason for this difference may be related to the assumption of the granular rock in the numerical simulation, which increases the resistance of granular rock to the deformation of rock mass. Therefore, the ultimate underground mining depth obtained by the theoretical calculation is suggested. Meanwhile, the surface displacement monitoring is implemented to verify the reasonability of the ultimate underground mining depth. Monitoring results show that the indicators of surface deformation are below the critical value of dangerous movement when the underground is mined to the ultimate mining depth. The practice proves that the determination of the ultimate underground mining depth in this work can ensure the safety of the open-pit and underground synergetic mining.
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He, Yanjun, and Jianhua Li. "Stress Distribution and Optimum Spacing Determination of Double-Withdrawal-Channel Surrounding Rocks: A Case Study of Chinese Coal Mine." Shock and Vibration 2021 (July 3, 2021): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9973634.
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In this study, the 31113 fully mechanised working face in the Lijiahao Coal Mine was selected as the project background. The failure characteristics and optimum spacing of a double-withdrawal-channel surrounding rock were extensively investigated through field measurements, theoretical analysis, and numerical simulations. The following results were obtained. The loading influence range of the working face was fixed. Under the influence of mining, the stress distribution variation in the double-withdrawal channels with spacing and the influence of stress distribution on the surrounding rock stability of the withdrawal channels were determined. The optimum distance between the double-withdrawal channels to achieve the stability of the surrounding rock was at least 25 m, and engineering measures are required to limit the mining height in the final mining stage. The rationality of the main and auxiliary withdrawal channel spacing of 25 m and measures to limit the mining height in the final stage were demonstrated. The findings of this study provide a valuable reference for constructing the layout of withdrawal channels in the adjacent working faces of the same mining area.
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Feng, Jicheng, Shuaifeng Yin, Zhiheng Cheng, Jianjun Shi, Haoyu Shi, Haitao Xu, and Shuying Guo. "Deformation and Failure Mechanism of Surrounding Rock in Mining-Influenced Roadway and the Control Technology." Shock and Vibration 2021 (April 17, 2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5588314.
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Aiming at the problem of surrounding rock deformation and failure of mining roadway and its control, a mechanical model of the circular roadway under the mining environment is established, and the implicit equation of the plastic zone boundary is derived. By analyzing the morphologic evolution law of the surrounding rock plastic zone in the mining roadway, the key factors affecting the morphologic change of the plastic zone are obtained, that is, the magnitude and direction of principal stress. The influence law of the magnitude and direction of principal stress on the plastic zone of the mining roadway is analyzed by using numerical simulation software, and the deformation and failure mechanism of surrounding rock of the mining roadway is revealed. The results showed that the size and morphology of the plastic zone were closely related to the confining pressure ratio (η). Taking the boundary of η valuing 1, the larger or smaller η value was, the more serious the deformation and failure of surrounding rock would be; the morphology of the plastic zone changed with the deflection of the principal stress, with the location of the maximum plastic zone influenced by the principal stress direction. For the surrounding rock control in the mining-influenced roadway, it is advised to take the following methods: firstly, it is necessary to consider how to reduce or remove the influence of mining on surrounding rock, improve the stress environment of surrounding rock, and reduce the failure depth of the plastic zone, so as to better maintain the roadway. Secondly, in view of the deformation and failure characteristics of the mining roadway, the fractional support method of “yielding first and then resisting” should be adopted, which applies the cable supplement support after mining instead of the one-off high-strength support during roadway excavation, so as to control the malignant expansion of the surrounding rock plastic zone and prevent roof falling accidents.
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Takhanov, Daulet, Berikbol Muratuly, Zhuldyz Rashid, and Adilzhan Kydrashov. "Geomechanics substantiation of pillars development parameters in case of combined mining the contiguous steep ore bodies." Mining of Mineral Deposits 15, no. 1 (2021): 50–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.33271/mining15.01.050.
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Purpose. Determining the actual dimensions of the protecting and crown pillars of ore bodies by seismic survey and assessing the possibility of rock mass collapse and fracturing at the lower levels of the Zhairemskoye field. Methods. An integrated approach is used, which involves the analysis of complete ore bodies development during the combined mining. To determine the geological strength index (GSI) and rock mass rating (RMR), the mass structure is studied, as well as the survey is executed of rock fracturing on the contours of mine workings at levels of +288, +240, +192, +144 m. In addition, the physical and mechanical properties of rocks are refined using the RocLab software. Using the numerical modelling of the self-caving process, when mining the protecting and crown pillars, the processed results of numerical modelling are analysed and the possible zones of the mass deformation are assessed based on the Phase2 software. Findings. It has been determined that during the mining of ore bodies 4 and 6, protecting pillars between the quarry and the underground mine, crown pillars between the levels up to the level of +144 m, the rock displacements are possible along glide surfaces. It has been revealed that the haulage workings of levels +240 and +192 m fall into the zone of possible displacements influence, and the rock pillar between ore bodies 4 and 6 will be exposed to inelastic deformations during the mining of crown pillars to the level of +144 m. It has been found that after the crown pillar development between the levels of +240 and +192 m for ore body 6, the rock pillar destructions are possible between ore bodies 4 and 6, since during the modelling, displacements of more than 2 mm are observed. In this case, the destruction processes are possible in the rock pillar upper part. Originality.A geomechanical assessment of the rocks tendency to caving is given and problem areas of stability during the mining of ore bodies 4 and 6 in the Zhairemskoye field are identified. Practical implications. The stable parameters of protecting and crown pillars have been substantiated, which is an important aspect in the design/efficient technology of mining the contiguous ore bodies. Keywords: engineering seismic, ore body, pillar, level, iron, manganese
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Zheng, Wenxiang, Qingwei Bu, and Yaoqing Hu. "Plastic Failure Analysis of Roadway Floor Surrounding Rocks Based on Unified Strength Theory." Advances in Civil Engineering 2018 (July 26, 2018): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/7475698.
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Taking the whole surrounding rock of an excavation roadway as the research object, the elastoplastic failure mechanics analysis of the surrounding rock body of the excavated roadway under three-directional in situ stresses is carried out by using the knowledge of generalized plane strain problems and unified strength theory, and the equations are derived for the elastic-plastic zone stress together with the plastic fracture range of the roadway floor surrounding rock under three-directional in situ stresses. At the same time, by means of the conclusion of mechanical analysis and the results of in situ detection of in situ stress in the Changcun mining area, the stability of the roadway floor surrounding rock was analyzed. The analysis reveals the influence on the stability of the roadway floor surrounding rock between the spatial relationship with the different in situ stresses and the roadway layout; meanwhile, it calculates the range of the plastic failure zone and the stress value of the #1 roadway floor in the S6 mining area of Changcun mine, which provides a reliable theoretical mechanical reference for research on roadway floor heave control technology.
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Zuo, Jianping, Hongqiang Song, Yunqian Jiang, Shankun Zhao, Meilu Yu, and Liyun Li. "Preliminary Discussion on Comprehensive Research Method for Rock Burst in Coal Mine Based on Newton’s Second Law." Shock and Vibration 2020 (October 13, 2020): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8861306.
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Rock burst is one of the major dynamic disasters that directly threaten production safety in coal mines. According to the current research, the occurrence of rock burst can be described by the generalized Newton’s second law with three elements which are research object, force condition, and motion state. These three elements refer to the coal and rock mass in the mining area, concentrated static and dynamic loads, and dynamic instability of surrounding rock, respectively. On this basis, a comprehensive rock burst research method involving the three elements of Newton’s second law was proposed, which especially focuses on the investigation into geological conditions of mining areas. The research procedure of this method specifically includes the detailed exploration of engineering geological bodies, the classification and stability evaluation of surrounding rock, the measurement and inversion of in situ stress, the evolution analysis of mining-induced stress field, energy field, and fracture field, the study of multiscale failure mechanism of coal and rock mass, the establishment of theoretical failure model of coal and rock mass, the real-time monitoring and warning in potentially dangerous areas, and the reasonable prevention and control in key risk zones. As a preliminary discussion, the significant research progress in each aspect mentioned above has been reviewed and the feasible research directions of rock burst are presented in this paper.
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Ma, Bin, Zaiqiang Hu, Xingzhou Chen, Lili Chen, and Wei Du. "Mechanical Properties of Sandstone Roof and Surrounding-Rock Control of Mining Roadways Subject to Reservoir Water Disturbance." Advances in Civil Engineering 2021 (February 12, 2021): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6656812.
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Sandstone-roofed roadways are susceptible to deformation and failure caused by reservoir-water-induced disturbances, thereby compromising human safety. Using rock-mechanics testing techniques, numerical simulations, and engineering principles, this study investigates the strength, deformation, and pore-structure characteristics of sandstone roofs as well as means to support the surrounding rock structure. The results obtained in this study reveal that the residual strain is proportional to the pore-water pressure, which, in turn, causes a significant reduction in the elastic modulus during the unloading phase. Furthermore, an increase in the pore-water pressure causes the shear failure of specimens in compression. The delay between crack initiation and specimen-volume expansion decreases. Moreover, the specimen demonstrates increased deformation and failure responses to changes in the confining pressure, thereby resulting in accelerated conversion. Changes in water inflow can be correlated to crack initiation, propagation, and fracture. This water inflow gradually increases with an increase in the osmotic pressure. Correspondingly, the volumetric strain required for maximum water inflow undergoes a gradual decrease. The increased water inflow can be considered a precursor to specimen failure. In addition, fractures in the surrounding rock structures are mainly caused by joint dislocations. The increase in pore pressure promotes the development of dislocation fractures in the deep surrounding rocks. Subsequently, these fractures overlap with their open counterparts to form large fractures; this increases the roadway-roof subsidence and layer separation of the shallow surrounding rocks, thereby further increasing the fracture count. Lastly, the use of high-performance rock bolts, cable-bolt reinforcements, and W-shaped steel bands is expected to ensure the stability of rocks surrounding sandstone-roofed roadways subject to water-pressure disturbances.
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Lu, Bin, Yongliang Li, Shizheng Fang, Hai Lin, and Ye Zhu. "Cemented Backfilling Mining Technology for Gently Inclined Coal Seams Using a Continuous Mining and Continuous Backfilling Method." Shock and Vibration 2021 (February 15, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6652309.
Full textAbstract:
To improve the efficiency and reduce costs of cemented-fill mining, we propose a continuous mining and continuous backfilling (CMCB) method based on the coal resources at the Yuxing mine in Inner Mongolia, China, and constructed a complete filling material transportation system. The new technology is suitable for cemented-fill mining of gently inclined coal seams. Numerical simulations were performed to investigate the dynamic migration law of surrounding rock stress using CMCB cemented-fill mining technology, and similar simulations were conducted to analyze the movement characteristics of the coal overburden. The results show that the coal pillars and filling body alternately bear and support each other during the CMCB process, which resolves the contradiction between mining and filling, achieves parallel mining and filling operations, and improves mining efficiency. The new mining mode exerts minimal disturbance to the overlying rock and effectively controls surface deformation. The engineering application of this technique is promising and provides theoretical guidance and technical support for safe and efficient mining of the same type of coal resources.